【熱點(diǎn)題型歸納+演變】2024年高考英語(yǔ)專題訓(xùn)練專題19 完形填空之說明文-試卷-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

說明文類完形填空題常就某一個(gè)問題從不同的角度來加以說明，文章可以是用來說明某一種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象、一個(gè)產(chǎn)品的制作過程、一種產(chǎn)品的使用方法、某個(gè)科學(xué)成就或人類生活中所面臨的某個(gè)具體的難題。說明文通常結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，因此也是高考完形填空題中較難理解的一種文體。它所呈現(xiàn)的方式較為單一，作者往往一開始就交代說明的對(duì)象，然后再?gòu)牟煌慕嵌冗M(jìn)行說明。因此，這類文章的每一段通常就是其中的一個(gè)角度或側(cè)面，所以要注意概括每一個(gè)段落的主旨大意，尤其是文章每一段的開頭或結(jié)尾，作者往往會(huì)對(duì)說明的話題進(jìn)行概括說明。
說明文類的完形填空的特征如下：
1.文章多用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài) 說明文通常是對(duì)客觀事物或?qū)嵗慕榻B與說明，與時(shí)間的變化關(guān)系不大，所以文章常用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。
2.語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)練、平實(shí)、準(zhǔn)確，常采用客觀描述說明文的目的主要是幫助讀者認(rèn)清事物，明白事理，所以語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)練、平實(shí)、易于理解，內(nèi)容客觀真實(shí)，很少含有帶感情的詞匯。
3.文章主題明確，層次分明說明文類完形填空往往在文章開頭就點(diǎn)明說明對(duì)象，從而為學(xué)生們把握文章主題提供了有利條件。而且，作者借助合理的說明順序展開文章，使文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，層次分明。
技巧歸納
技巧一：利用說明文首句，明確說明對(duì)象
【題型詮釋】
在說明文類的完形填空中，作者一般在文章的首句直接提出說明的對(duì)象，這是掌握說明細(xì)節(jié)的前提。另外弄清楚說明的順序，就能準(zhǔn)確把握文章的脈絡(luò)，加強(qiáng)對(duì)整篇文章的理解。
把握語(yǔ)篇特征對(duì)理解文意與答題極為有利。說明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表達(dá)清楚的、邏輯比較嚴(yán)密的短文。在閱讀這類文章時(shí)，我們一定要仔細(xì)研讀文章的開頭和結(jié)尾，從主題句著手，找出支持句，然后尋找文章的結(jié)論。這時(shí)，我們還要特別注意，不要被表面的一些細(xì)節(jié)所迷惑，我們?cè)诶斫饧?xì)節(jié)的基礎(chǔ)上，還要斟酌文字的內(nèi)涵意義，從而對(duì)文章進(jìn)行深層次的理解。
對(duì)于此類文章我們結(jié)合選擇項(xiàng)，進(jìn)行粗讀或略讀，對(duì)文章的大意要先有一個(gè)大體的了解。說明文往往生詞較多，而題材又比較廣泛，所以閱讀時(shí)，首先要能夠掌握文章的大意。
【典例1】(2023上·江蘇·高三江蘇省前黃高級(jí)中學(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí))
Girls are better at reading and writing than bys as early as furth grade, accrding t a study, and the gap cntinues t widen until senir year.
Scientists generally agree that bys and girls are psychlgically mre alike than they are different. But reading seems t be a(n) 1 , with grwing evidence suggesting a similar 2 in writing. The study, published in the jurnal American Psychlgist, prvided further 3 t supprt this view.
David Reilly, lead authr f the study, said the study 4 the cmmnly held view that bys and girls start grade schl with the same cgnitive abilities. “It appears that the gender gap fr writing tasks has been greatly 5 , and despite ur best effrts with changes in teaching methds, that des nt appear t be 6 ver time,” he said.
Factrs explaining the results culd include learning 7 being mre prevalent amng bys; the pressure t cnfrm t masculine (男子漢的) ideals and the idea f reading and language being feminine (女性的); and slight 8 in hw bys and girls use their brain hemispheres (半球), the authrs believe.
T investigate hw 9 levels differed between bys and girls in the U.S., the team studied data cllected ver three decades in the Natinal Assessment f Educatinal Prgress. This database f test scres n ver 3 millin students in the furth, eighth, and twelfth grades 10 natinal and state perfrmances in a range f subjects, and cnsidered such variables such as disabilities r whether children were English learners. Reading and writing was 11 accrding t children’s understanding f a range f different passages and genres.
12 , girls were fund t perfrm significantly better in reading and writing tests by furth grade when cmpared with bys f the same age. As children prgressed t eighth and twelfth grades, girls cntinued t 13 bys, but the difference was mre nticeable in writing than reading. But what caused this difference in abilities? Evidence suggests 14 prblems, such as being disruptive（擾亂性的）in class r being aggressive culd be linked t neurlgical cnditins. What is knwn as lateralizatin (偏側(cè)化) culd als play a rle. Bys are believed t use ne hemisphere when reading r writing, while girls appear t use bth. The data did nt, hwever, prvide evidence t argue 15 the tw genders having different learning styles.
1. A. distinctinB. exceptinC. bjectinD. limitatin
2. A. patternB. standardC. circumstanceD. feature
3. A. strategyB. signalC. signD. evidence
4. A. cnfirmedB. representedC. questinedD. intrduced
5. A. underestimatedB. veremphasizedC. underrepresentedD. justified
6. A. increasingB. prmtingC. acceptingD. reducing
7. A. bjectivesB. drillsC. difficultiesD. advantages
8. A. cntributinsB. differencesC. cmmunicatinsD. similarities
9. A. literacyB. literaryC. academicD. cgnitive
10. A. pulled dwnB. settled dwnC. turned dwnD. brke dwn
11. A. grantedB. measuredC. designedD. engineered
12. A. LikewiseB. OverallC. HweverD. Besides
13. A. vertakeB. discurageC. parallelD. distinguish
14. A. psychlgicalB. emtinalC. behaviralD. mental
15. A. in line withB. at the mercy fC. n accunt fD. in favr f
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。主要通過研究表明相比男孩，女孩的閱讀和寫作能力更佳，并分析了產(chǎn)生這種現(xiàn)象可能的原因。
1. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但閱讀似乎是個(gè)例外，越來越多的證據(jù)表明，寫作也有類似的模式。A. distinctin 差別；區(qū)別；B. exceptin 例外；C. bjectin 發(fā)對(duì)；D. limitatin 限制。上文“Scientists generally agree that bys and girls are psychlgically mre alike than they are different. (科學(xué)家們普遍認(rèn)為，男孩和女孩是很相似的)”此句與上句轉(zhuǎn)折，說明此處要表達(dá)的是男孩與女孩不相似的的方面——閱讀，也就是說閱讀是一個(gè)例外，故選B。
技巧二：關(guān)注內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，把握說明順序
【題型詮釋】
說明文十分講究條理性，常見的說明順序有時(shí)間順序、空間順序、邏輯順序（如因果關(guān)系、果因關(guān)系、先主后次等）和認(rèn)識(shí)順序（如由此及彼、由淺入深、由局部到整體、由現(xiàn)象到本質(zhì)、由具體到抽象等）。通過它們來說明事物或事理。
為了清楚、條理地說明事物，作者通常會(huì)使用列舉等各種方法來說明順序和步驟，考生需要格外注意這些線索和走勢(shì)。
【典例2】(2023·江蘇南京·南京市第一中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測(cè))
Many cities arund the wrld tday are heavily plluted. Careless methds f prductin and 1 f cnsumer demands fr envirnment friendly prducts have 2 the pllutin prblem. One 3 is that millins f tns f glass, paper, plastic, and metal cntainers are prduced, and these are difficult t get rid f.
4 , tday, mre and mre cnsumers are chsing “green” and demanding that the prducts they buy shuld be safe fr the envirnment. 5 they buy a prduct, they ask questins like these: “Will this shamp damage the envirnment?” “Can this metal cntainer be 6 r can it nly be used nce?”
A recent study shwed that tw 7 five adults nw cnsider the envirnmental safety f a prduct befre they buy it. This means that cmpanies must nw change the 8 they make and sell their prducts t make sure that they are “green,” that is, friendly t the envirnment.
Only a few years ag, it was impssible t find green prducts in supermarkets, but nw there are hundreds. Sme supermarket prducts 9 labels t shw that the prduct is green. Sme cmpanies emphasize that their prducts are clean and safe in their advertising and have made it their main selling 10 .
The 11 fr a safer and cleaner envirnment is making cmpanies rethink 12 they d business. N lnger will the public accept the ld 13 f “Buy it, use it, thrw it away and frget it.” The public 14 is still here, and cmpanies are 15 their act gradually.
1. A. partB. lackC. ltsD. varieties
2. A. applied tB. cntributed tC. expsed tD. devted t
3. A. pssibilityB. chanceC. resultD. effect
4. A. TherefreB. FurthermreC. SimilarlyD. Hwever
5. A. AfterB. ThughC. BefreD. Unless
6. A. reusedB. safeC. friendlyD. returned
7. A. fB. nC. frmD. ut f
8. A. rhymeB. wayC. sectinD. branch
9. A. carryB. takeC. includeD. make
10. A. advantageB. techniqueC. pintD. attractin
11. A. cncernB. hpeC. careD. plan
12. A. whatB. hwC. whetherD. when
13. A. sayingB. trustC. attitudeD. fashin
14. A. pressureB. pleasureC. discussinD. interest
15. A. enlargingB. sharingC. cleaningD. imprving
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了公眾環(huán)保理念的變化導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)者愿意生產(chǎn)出綠色產(chǎn)品。
3. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：結(jié)果之一就是產(chǎn)生了數(shù)百萬噸的玻璃、紙、塑料和金屬容器，而這些都很難處理掉。A. pssibility可能；B. chance機(jī)會(huì)； C. result結(jié)果； D. effect效果。根據(jù)“millins f tns f glass, paper, plastic, and metal cntainers are prduced, and these are difficult t get rid f”可知，粗心的生產(chǎn)方法和缺乏消費(fèi)者對(duì)環(huán)保產(chǎn)品的需求的結(jié)果之一是產(chǎn)生了數(shù)百萬噸的玻璃、紙、塑料和金屬容器。故選C。
技巧三：逐句精讀短文，逐題分析選項(xiàng)
【題型詮釋】
對(duì)特定的語(yǔ)境作深入的理解，克服“思維定式”，根據(jù)全文大意和文不離句、句不離文的原則逐項(xiàng)選擇。針對(duì)說明文獨(dú)有的文體特點(diǎn)，解答時(shí)一定要注意從上下文意義、慣用法、固定搭配、邏輯推理、常識(shí)等角度去考慮和判斷，并注意其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。
解決此類問題時(shí)，學(xué)生應(yīng)精讀短文，分析選項(xiàng)，對(duì)特定的語(yǔ)境作深入的理解，克服“思維定勢(shì)”，根據(jù)全文大意和詞不離句、句不離文的原則逐項(xiàng)填空。熟練做題方法，遵循四個(gè)原則：1)上下一致。每個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)必須從全文出發(fā)，從大處著手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成誤選。2)語(yǔ)法正確。從語(yǔ)法地角度去考慮動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)以及詞類用法。3)邏輯合理。在完形填空題中，邏輯推理非常重要，有時(shí)每個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)從語(yǔ)法上講都正確，但是有的是不合語(yǔ)境邏輯的。4)符合搭配。英語(yǔ)中固定搭配很多，需要熟練掌握，才能做好此類題目。
【典例3】(2023·浙江舟山·舟山中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測(cè))
It’s that time again when we’re busy buying and giving them. Smetimes we call them 1 , smetimes presents. Is there a 2 ?
The wrds cme frm different 3 . Gift has its rigin in the Germanic rt fr “t give”. It referred t an act f 4 , and then, t the thing being given. Present cmes frm the French fr “t present”. A present is the thing presented. They were bth used t express the 5 f smething ging thrugh a change f 6 withut expectatin f payment frm the 13th century nward.
The wrds gift and present are well-matched synnyms that mean almst the same thing. 7 , even well-matched synnyms have their wn unique patterns f 8 . Gift applies t a wide range f situatins. Presents are mre 9 . If yur whle family gave 10 t yur cllege fund fr yur birthday, wuld yu say “I gt a lt f presents”? It desn’t exactly sund 11 , but since yu never hld these dnatins in yur hand, gifts seem t fit better.
Gift can als act like an adjective t describe anther nun. What d yu call the type f shp where yu can buy presents fr peple? A gift shp. Present desn’t wrk well in this rle f 12 ther nuns. We have gift bxes and gift cards, nt present bxes and present cards.
Still, 13 my persnal sense f the 14 , present—thugh it may nt be as cmmn—is mre casual sunding than gift. But whether it’s gifts r presents yu 15 , I wish yu many and lts this year.
1. A. giftsB. awardsC. friendsD. families
2. A. mistakeB. differenceC. planD. prmise
3. A. gamesB. striesC. situatinsD. languages
4. A. givingB. speakingC. leavingD. listening
5. A. dreamB. chanceC. adviceD. idea
6. A. pssessinB. attitudeC. clrsD. decisins
7. A. TherefreB. MreverC. HweverD. Otherwise
8. A. behavirB. useC. spellingD. develpment
9. A. transparentB. cncreteC. psitiveD. public
10. A. thanksB. attentinC. dnatinsD. discunts
11. A. wrngB. easyC. unluckyD. cl
12. A. explainingB. crrectingC. analyzingD. describing
13. A. because fB. accrding tC. in spite fD. in additin t
14. A. actinsB. eventsC. wrdsD. directins
15. A. rderB. fferC. makeD. prefer
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章主要分析了gift和present這兩個(gè)單詞的不同之處。
7. 考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，即使是非常匹配的同義詞也有其獨(dú)特的使用模式。A. Therefre因此；B. Mrever此外；C. Hwever 然而；D. Otherwise否則。根據(jù)下文“even well-matched synnyms have their wn unique patterns(即使是非常匹配的同義詞也有其獨(dú)特的模式)”可知，此處上文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以用Hwever表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。
高考練場(chǎng)
技巧一：利用說明文首句，明確說明對(duì)象
(2019?新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I)
Every year abut 40,000 peple attempt t climb Kilimanjar, the highest muntain in Africa. They 41 with them lts f waste. The 42 might damage the beauty f the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the 43 f Kilimanjar.
Hearing these stries, I’m 44 abut the place — ther destinatins are described as “purer” natural experiences.
Hwever, I sn 45 that much has changed since the days f disturbing reprts f 46 amng tns f rubbish. I find a 47 muntain, with tilets at camps and alng the paths. The envirnmental challenges are 48 but the effrts made by the Tanzania Natinal Park Authrity seem t be 49 .
The best f a Kilimanjar 50 , in my pinin, isn’t reaching the tp. Muntains are 51 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 52 is especially evident n Kilimanjar as 53 g thrugh five ecsystems (生態(tài)系統(tǒng)) in the space f a few kilmeters. At the base is a rainfrest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 54 lands f lw grwing plants. Further up, the weather 55 — lw cluds envelpe the muntainsides, which are cvered with thick grass. I 56 twelve shades f green frm where I stand. Abve 4, 000 meters is the highland 57 : gravel (礫石), stnes and rcks. 58 yu climb int an arctic-like zne with 59 snw and the glaciers that may sn disappear.
Des Kilimanjar 60 its reputatin as a crwded muntain with lines f turists ruining the atmsphere f peace? I fund the ppsite t be true.
41. A. keepB. mixC. cnnectD. bring
42. A. striesB. buildingsC. crwdsD. reprters
43. A. psitinB. ageC. faceD. name
44. A. silentB. skepticalC. seriusD. crazy
45. A. discverB. argueC. decideD. advcate
46. A. equipmentB. grassC. campsD. stnes
47. A. remteB. quietC. allD. clean
48. A. newB. specialC. significantD. necessary
49. A. paying ffB. spreading utC. blwing upD. fading away
50. A. atmsphereB. experienceC. experimentD. sight
51. A. studiedB. bservedC. explredD. regarded
52. A. viewB. qualityC. reasnD. purpse
53. A. scientistsB. climbersC. lcalsD. fficials
54. A. hlding n tB. ging back tC. living up tD. giving way t
55. A. changesB. clearsC. imprvesD. permits
56. A. matchB. imagineC. cuntD. add
57. A. villageB. desertC. radD. lake
58. A. ObviuslyB. EasilyC. CnsequentlyD. Finally
59. A. permanentB. littleC. freshD. artificial
60. A. enjyB. deserveC. saveD. acquire
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. A 56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. B
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。每年有4萬登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力馬扎羅山，他們帶來了垃圾，破壞了這里的環(huán)境。再加上冰川的消失，改變著它的地貌。對(duì)此作者對(duì)這個(gè)地方很是懷疑，想一探究竟。當(dāng)他來到這里，他發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)保措施很到位，同時(shí)作者發(fā)現(xiàn)乞力馬扎羅山有多種生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。作者認(rèn)為乞力馬扎羅山不應(yīng)該被譽(yù)為一座擠滿了破壞寧?kù)o氛圍的游客的擁擠的山峰。
41. D 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. keep保持；B. mix混合；C. cnnect聯(lián)系；D. bring帶來。句意：他們帶來了很多的垃圾。由“l(fā)ts f waste”可知，登山者帶來了很多的垃圾。故D選項(xiàng)切題。
技巧二：關(guān)注內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，把握說明順序
(2022?全國(guó)乙卷)
Yung children acrss the glbe enjy playing games f hide and seek. Fr them, there’s smething highly exciting abut 41 smene else’s glance and making neself unable t be seen.
Hwever, we all witness that preschl children are remarkably 42 at hiding. They ften cver nly their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest f their bdies 43 .
Fr a lng time, this ineffective hiding methd was 44 as evidence that children are hpelessly “egcentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But ur 45 research results in child develpmental psychlgy 46 that idea.
We brught yung children aged 2-4 int ur Minds in Develpment Lab at USC. Each 27 sat dwn with an adult wh cvered her wn eyes r 48 . We then asked the child if she culd 49 r hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they culdn’t. The same 50 happened when the adult cvered her wn muth: 51 children said that they culdn’t 52 t her.
A number f 53 ruled ut that the children misunderstd what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our yung subjects 54 the questins and knew 55 what was asked f them. Their 56 t the questins reflected their true 57 that “I can see yu nly if yu can see me, t.” They simply 58 mutual (相互的) recgnitin and regard. Our 59 suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket ver her head, it is nt a result f egcentrism. In fact, children cnsider this methd 60 when thers use it.
41. A. fllwing B. taking C. escaping D. directing
42. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick
43. A. expsed B. examined C. untuched D. imbalanced
44. A. supprted B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted
45. A. disappinting B. mixed C. surprising D. desired
46. A. explained B. cnfirmed C. cntradicted D. tested
47. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. dctr
48. A. feet B. nse C. hands D. ears
49. A. see B. help C. reach D. fl
50. A. event B. thing C. actin D. accident
51. A. Yet B. Nw C. Sn D. Once
52. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave
53. A. instructins B. descriptins C. experiments D. assumptins
54. A. cmprehended B. predicted C. explred D. ignred
55. A. partly B. hnestly C. vaguely D. exactly
56. A. respnses B. appraches C. cntributin D. sensitivity
57. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpse
58. A. hld back B. relate t C. insist n D. make up
59. A. limitatins B. requirements C. theries D. findings
60. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. B 51. B 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. D 56. A 57. B 58. C 59. D 60. D
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章主要通過實(shí)驗(yàn)證明孩子們捉迷藏時(shí)，只遮住自己的眼睛并不是自我中心主義的結(jié)果，而是孩子們堅(jiān)持相互承認(rèn)和尊重。
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：結(jié)果很清楚：我們的年輕受試者理解了這些問題，并且確切地知道他們被問到了什么。A. partly部分地；B. hnestly誠(chéng)實(shí)地；C. vaguely含糊地；D. exactly確切地。根據(jù)下文“what was asked f them. Their 56 t the questins reflected their true 57 ”可知，孩子們確切地知道自己被問了什么，他們的答案反映了他們真實(shí)的看法。故選D項(xiàng)。
技巧三：逐句精讀短文，逐題分析選項(xiàng)
(2014?新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I)
The small twn f Rjukan in Nrway is situated between several muntains and des nt get direct sunlight frm late September t mid-March-- 41 six mnths ut f the year.
“Of curse, we 42 it when the sun is shining,” says Karin R, wh wrks fr the twn’s turism ffice. “We see the sky is 43 , but dwn in the valley it’s darker — it’s like n a 44 day.”
But that 45 when a system f high-tech 46 was intrduced t reflect sunlight frm neighbring peaks (山峰) int the valley belw. Wednesday, residents (居民) f Rjukan 47 their very first ray f winter sunshine: A rw f reflective bards n a nearby muntainside were put t 48 . The mirrrs are cntrlled by a cmputer that 49 them t turn alng with the sun thrughut the 50 and t clse during windy weather. They reflect a cncentrated beam (束) f light nt the twn’s central 51 , creating an area f sunlight rughly 600 square meters. When the light 52 , Rjukan residents gathered tgether.
“Peple have been 53 there and standing there and taking 54 f each ther,” R says. “The twn square was ttally 55 . I think almst all the peple in the twn were there.” The 3,500 residents cannt all 56 the sunshine at the same time. 57 , the new light feels like mre than enugh fr the twn’s 58 residents.
“It’s nt very 59 ,” she says, “but it is enugh when we are 60 .”
41. A. nly B. bviusly C. nearly D. precisely
42. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. ntice
43. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide
44. A. cludy B. nrmal C. different D. warm
45. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered
46. A. cmputers B. telescpes C. mirrrs D. cameras
47. A. remembered B. frecasted C. received D. imagined
48. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use
49. A. frbids B. directs C. predicts D. fllws
50. A. day B. night C. mnth D. year
51. A. library B. hall C. square D. street
52. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stpped
53. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. siting
54. A. pictures B. ntes C. care D. hld
55. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent
56. A. blck B. avid C. enjy D. stre
57. A. Instead B. Hwever C. Gradually D. Similarly
58. A. nature-lving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved
59. A. big B. clear C. cld D. easy
60. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing
【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. B 56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. D
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文屬于說明文，講述北歐一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)長(zhǎng)達(dá)半年沒有陽(yáng)光照射，為此在附近的山頂安裝了一套鏡子設(shè)備把陽(yáng)光反射到小鎮(zhèn)的廣場(chǎng)。每當(dāng)光線照射的時(shí)候，人們就聚集在廣場(chǎng)上，為寒冷的冬季增添一絲明亮。
51.C 考查名詞詞義辨析。A. library圖書館；B. hall大廳；C. square廣場(chǎng)；D. street街道。根據(jù)后文The twn square可知，鏡子反射聚集的光會(huì)照在小鎮(zhèn)的中心廣場(chǎng)上，故選C。
名校模擬
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(2023上·山東青島·高三青島二中校考階段練習(xí)) This year, hundreds f peple arund the wrld are applying fr a desired jb t run the “Penguin Pst Office”, the wrld’s mst remte pst ffice. The 1 is based in Antarctica, and ne f its key 2 is the ability t cunt penguins.
Each year, the UK Antarctic Heritage Trust 3 fur pstmen t live n the island frm Nvember t March. 4 at Prt Lckry n Gudier Island, the “Penguin Pst Office” is an almst 80-year-ld British-wned building which is rughly the size f a ftball pitch. It is ppulated by hundreds f penguins and 5 as a museum. Althugh emplyees each have unique 6 , they are cperatively respnsible fr preserving the histric place and catering t the thusands f turists. The staff is als 7 wildlife mnitring and envirnmental data cllectin.
Applicants are warned there’s nt much time fr relaxatin and rest. Still, the jb is highly 8 . The UK Antarctic Heritage Trust gets hundreds f 9 annually fr the pst. The candidates are mainly 10 t the pst ffice, bth fr its histry and its scientific significance. Lucy Drman succeeded in applying fr the 2019-2020 seasn. It was a real 11 fr her. “Even thugh the jb can be hard at times, there’s a real sense f cmmunity. Yu’ve gt t 12 , because yu can’t get away frm each ther very easily. I really lve that srt f 13 ,” she said. “Besides that, what yu can achieve here is 14 . The ttal experience ffers bth a different 15 twards the wrld and a new viewpint n yur functin n the planet.”
1. A. centreB. aimC. psitinD. unit
2. A. eventsB. characteristicsC. virtuesD. requirements
3. A. persuadesB. instructsC. encuragesD. hires
4. A. SetB. SeparatedC. LcatedD. Pinted
5. A. servesB. transfrmsC. turnsD. survives
6. A. tastesB. rlesC. talentsD. backgrunds
7. A. in favr fB. in need fC. in pssessin fD. in charge f
8. A. paidB. welcmeC. challengingD. respectable
9. A. prfessinsB. reactinsC. applicatinsD. rientatins
10. A. invitedB. devtedC. drawnD. cntributed
11. A. lessnB. jyC. effrtD. shck
12. A. get alngB. shw ffC. break thrughD. give in
13. A. lnelinessB. eagernessC. lsenessD. tgetherness
14. A. cnsistentB. ptentialC. rewardingD. demanding
15. A. entranceB. attitudeC. answerD. intrductin
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（2023上·山東青島·高三山東省青島第五十八中學(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí)）Gumah, grwing up in Zanzibar, an island ff the cast f Tanzania, was awarded the Nbel Prize in Literature n Thursday.
He is the first Black writer t 1 the prize since Tni Mrrisn in 1993, and sme bservers saw his 2 as a lng delayed crrective (矯正) after years f Eurpean and American Nbel laureates (獲得者). In his 10 nvels, Gurnah has ften explred the 3 f exile (流放), identity and belnging. They 4 “Memry f Departure” “Pilgrims Way” and “Dttie”, which all deal with the immigrant experience in Britain.
Gurnah’s first language is Swahili, but he 5 English as his literary language. He drew n the imagery and stries frm the Quran, 6 frm Arabic and Persian petry, particularly “The Arabian Nights”. The news f Gumah’s Nbel 7 by fellw nvelists and academics wh have lng argued that his 8 deserve a wider audience.
Gumah was brn in Zanzibar, which is nw 9 f Tanzania, in 1948. Then, in 1964, he fled t England. 10 , pr; hmesick, he began t write scraps (片段) in his diary, then 11 entries, then stries abut ther peple. In his 20s, he started 12 fictin. Then he finished his first nvel, “Memry f Departure”, abut a yung man wh flees a failed uprising, at the same time he was writing his Ph. D. dissertatin (論文). 13 , he became a prfessr f English.
Thugh Gurnah hasn’t lived in Tanzania since he was a 14 , his hmeland always inspires him f his imaginatin, 15 , he said “my hmeland always asserts myself in my imaginatin, even when I deliberately try t set my stries elsewhere”.
1. A. receiveB. cnfirmC. searchD. appreciate
2. A. sectinB. selectinC. cllectinD. cnsultatin
3. A. themesB. pininsC. passagesD. suggestins
4. A. expldeB. cncludeC. prvideD. include
5. A. advisedB. adaptedC. adptedD. affected
6. A. as much asB. as lng asC. as ften asD. as well as
7. A. was awardedB. was discussedC. was celebratedD. was suspected
8. A. jbsB. wrksC. labrsD. careers
9. A. partB. nameC. hmeD. cuntry
10. A. AdmirableB. RespectableC. FashinableD. Miserable
11. A. higherB. lngerC. strngerD. heavier
12. A. readingB. hearingC. writingD. watching
13. A. AfterwardsB. FrwardsC. BackwardsD. Frntwards
14. A. writerB. teenagerC. schlarD. prfessr
15. A. As a resultB. At the same timeC. On the ther handD. In his wn wrd
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（2023·湖北武漢·湖北省武昌實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）Mre than anything, this is a bk abut uncnditinal lve—a bnd between a caring wman and a lyal dg.
Harley’s Harlequin Heart written by Christy Jaeger and 1 thrugh the narratin (敘述) f Harley, shws why the pwer f lve can vercme the 2 that is part f every life jurney.
Harley takes us alng n all his 3 with his wner Jaeger — frm grwing up, being trained, t ging t dg shws. Then ne day, Harley is diagnsed with bne cancer. Frtunately, there’s enugh time t explre 4 . “Jaeger tld me everyne has a sixth sense, which 5 them when smething’s nt right. Lking back, I’m glad she paid attentin t her 6 warning.”
Thrugh surgery, this smart dg 7 . It isn’t easy and he tells us abut his pain and fears. But chances f 8 lk prmising. After this experience, Harley 9 realizes that when smene has cancer, the entire family will 10 . Hwever, all the peple playing a part in the prcess frm an unbreakable cnnectin.
Harley’s 11 with cancer might cncern adults cnsidering reading this bk with their children. But Jaeger prvides such a psitive perspective that there is s much mre reasn t 12 this bk. Besides, it helps greatly that the bk has a 13 ending.
As Jaeger ntes, “The bk spreads lve t us. This small element can be 14 in the human and animal wrlds.” Lve can defeat all. That 15 culdn’t be any clearer than in this wnderful bk.
1. A. explainedB. presentedC. designedD. included
2. A. misfrtuneB. uneaseC. incnvenienceD. discmfrt
3. A. packagesB. dreamsC. burdensD. adventures
4. A. mysteriesB. prblemsC. curesD. challenges
5. A. frbidsB. hitsC. infrmsD. warns
6. A. activeB. innerC. usefulD. sudden
7. A. pushes thrughB. bends dwnC. cheers upD. gets ff
8. A. successB. recveryC. victryD. survival
9. A. inncentlyB. autmaticallyC. graduallyD. accidentally
10. A. sufferB. behaveC. perfrmD. delay
11. A. cmpetingB. battlingC. cntinuingD. mixing
12. A. pssessB. clseC. shareD. print
13. A. sadB. happyC. ridiculusD. unusual
14. A. decisiveB. lgicalC. attractiveD. influential
15. A. meaningB. principleC. messageD. expressin
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(2023上·湖南長(zhǎng)沙·高三周南中學(xué)?？奸_學(xué)考試) The Black Death: bubnic plague
In Octber f 1347, several Italian merchant ships returned frm a trip t the Black Sea. When the ships dcked in Sicily, many f thse 1 bard were already dying f a plague. Within days, the 2 disease spread t the city and the surrunding cuntryside. An eyewitness tells what happened:
“Realizing what a terrifying 3 had cme, fathers abandned their sick sns; 4 refused t cme and make ut wills fr the dying. N ne cmes t 5 them except friars (修士) and nuns left t care fr the sick, and the buildings where they stayed were sn 6 . Bdies were left in 7 huses withut being given a Christian burial.”
The disease struck and killed peple with 8 speed. The Italian writer Bccacci said the 9 ften “ate lunch with their friends and dinner with their ancestrs in paradise.”
By the fllwing August, the plague had 10 as far nrth as England. A terrible killer was 11 acrss Eurpe, but peple at that time had nthing t fight against it.
Plague causes reactin and a painful swelling f the lymph glands (淋巴結(jié)) called bubes (腹股溝淋巴結(jié)炎), which is hw it gets its name. The disease als causes spts n the skin, red at first and then black.
In winter the disease seemed t 12 , but nly because fleas (跳蚤), helping t carry it frm persn t persn, were in 13 then. Each spring, the plague 14 again, killing new victims. After five years, 25 millin, abut ne-third f the ppulatin in Eurpe, were killed.
Even when the wrst was ver, smehw smaller utbreaks cntinued, nt just fr years, but fr centuries. The 15 lived in cnstant fear f the plague’s return, and the disease didn’t disappear until the 1600s.
1. A. besideB. nC. beyndD. beneath
2. A. livelyB. likelyC. latelyD. deadly
3. A. drughtB. disasterC. challengeD. war
4. A. dctrsB. nursesC. fficialsD. lawyers
5. A. defendB. rescueC. chargedD. appreciated
6. A. desertedB. cleanedC. sldD. disinfected
7. A. distantB. militaryC. emptyD. frzen
8. A. limitedB. prperC. mdernD. scary
9. A. authrityB. victimsC. fleasD. designers
10. A. spreadB. cnductedC. indicatedD. invlved
11. A. sufficientB. ddC. lseD. unbearable
12. A. exprtB. eruptC. surviveD. disappear
13. A. sleepB. varietyC. returnD. extinctin
14. A. exitedB. attackedC. imprtedD. published
15. A. blwersB. scientistsC. survivrsD. gvernments
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（2023·湖南·長(zhǎng)郡中學(xué)?？既＃㏕he habit f reading is ne f the greatest resurces f mankind: we enjy reading bks that belng t us much mre than if they are brrwed. Sme peple regard a brrwed bk as a 1 in the huse. It must be treated with care and cnsiderate 2 . Casual attitudes are frbidden. Because the bk is brrwed it tlerates n damage which means it must nt suffer while 3 . While reading the bk, yu are nt allwed t make any mark r underline the imprtant 4 when a flash f creative idea emerge. This is huge 5 t ne’s imaginatin.
6 , yur wn bks belng t yu and yu can treat them with s much clseness that yu are nt afraid t mark it up r t place it in a dirty place. Yur wn bks are there fr use, nt fr 7 . Yu dn’t need t display them in frnt f thers. Private wnership als encurages 8 marking. A gd reasn fr marking instructive passages in bks is that this practice enables yu t remember mre easily the significant sayings, t 9 them quickly and then review them mre frequently in the future.
Given the imprtance f wned bks t a man, everyne shuld begin cllecting a private library, making up his wn 10 prperty. One shuld have his wn bkshelves, which shuld nt be having drs, glass windws, r keys. They shuld be free and 11 t the hand as well as the eye. Like the jewellery t a wman, the best mral 12 t a man is bks. They are mre varied in clur and appearance than any wall-paper. Their variety indicates 13 ut f brains f different bk writers. The knwledge that bks are in plain view is als stimulating. Yur bdy and mind are bth 14 . With bks at hand, yur mind is free t land any 15 r even strange pssibility, which eventually gives birth t new discveries r inventins.
1. A. teacherB. guestC. relativeD. servant
2. A. maintenanceB. reslutinC. frmalityD. structure
3. A. under yur rfB. n yur behalfC. beynd yur reachD. within yur grasp
4. A. trendsB. galsC. definitinsD. pints
5. A. disciplineB. discuragementC. reliefD. reminder
6. A. On the ther handB. In resultC. MeanwhileD. Furthermre
7. A. benefitB. prfitC. shwD. excuse
8. A. meaningfulB. secndaryC. sufficientD. tugh
9. A. stick tB. refer tC. devte tD. adapt t
10. A. imaginativeB. ecnmicC. intellectualD. public
11. A. familiarB. effectiveC. flexibleD. accessible
12. A. decratinB. truthC. trainingD. expense
13. A. simplicityB. creativityC. experimentD. life
14. A. cnsciusB. calmC. wildD. excited
15. A. purpsefulB. resurcefulC. freshD. memrable
參考答案與解析
(1)答案
1. C 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了位于南極洲的洛克雷港郵局的招聘吸引了很多人，在那里員工不僅要收集環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)和檢測(cè)野生動(dòng)物，還要負(fù)責(zé)數(shù)企鵝。
1. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該職位位于南極洲，其關(guān)鍵要求之一是能夠計(jì)算企鵝數(shù)量。A. centre中心；B. aim目的；C. psitin職位；D. unit單位。根據(jù)上文“hundreds f peple arund the wrld are applying fr a desired jb t run the “Penguin Pst Office””可知，此處表示該職位是在南極洲，故選C項(xiàng)。
2. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該職位位于南極洲，其關(guān)鍵要求之一是能夠計(jì)算企鵝數(shù)量。A. events事件；B. characteristics特點(diǎn)；C. virtues美德；D. requirements要求。根據(jù)下文“is the ability t cunt penguins”可知，此處表示其中一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的要求是能夠數(shù)企鵝，故選D項(xiàng)。
3. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每年11月至3月，英國(guó)南極遺產(chǎn)信托基金會(huì)雇用四名郵遞員住在島上。A. persuades勸說；B. instructs指示；C. encurages鼓勵(lì)；D. hires聘用。根據(jù)上文“applying fr a desired jb”中的jb和下文中的emplyee可知，此處表示聘用四名郵遞員，故選D項(xiàng)。
4. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“企鵝郵局”位于古迪爾島的洛克羅伊港，是一座擁有近80年歷史的英國(guó)建筑，大約有一個(gè)足球場(chǎng)那么大。A. Set設(shè)置；B. Separated分離；C. Lcated定位；D. Pinted指出。根據(jù)下文“at Prt Lckry n Gudier Island”可知，此處是在表述企鵝郵局的位置，故選C項(xiàng)。
5. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它居住著數(shù)百只企鵝，并作為博物館。A. serves服務(wù)；B. transfrm轉(zhuǎn)換；C. turns轉(zhuǎn)換；D. survives生存。根據(jù)下文“as a museum”可知，企鵝郵局是作為博物館，serve as為固定短語(yǔ)，表示“用作，充當(dāng)”，故選A項(xiàng)，
6. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然每個(gè)員工都有獨(dú)特的角色，但他們合作負(fù)責(zé)保護(hù)歷史名勝并迎合成千上萬的游客。A. tastes品味；B. rles角色；C. talents人才；D. backgrunds背景。根據(jù)下文“they are cperatively respnsible fr preserving the histric place and catering t the thusands f turists”此處表示員工各司其職，每個(gè)人都有自己的角色。故選B項(xiàng)。
7. 考查介詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：工作人員還負(fù)責(zé)野生動(dòng)物監(jiān)測(cè)和環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)收集。A. in favr f贊成；B. in need f需要；C. in pssessin f占有；D. in charge f負(fù)責(zé)。根據(jù)空前“als”可知，空處應(yīng)與前面的“respnsible fr(負(fù)責(zé))”含義上接近，故選D項(xiàng)。
8. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，這份工作還是非常受歡迎的。A. paid付費(fèi)的；B. welcme受歡迎的；C. challenging具有挑戰(zhàn)性的；D. respectable受人尊敬的。根據(jù)上文“here’s nt much time fr relaxatin and rest.”結(jié)合“Still”可知，雖然這份工作沒多少放松和休息的時(shí)間，但仍然很搶手，受到了人們的歡迎。故選B項(xiàng)。
9. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：英國(guó)南極遺產(chǎn)信托基金每年都會(huì)收到數(shù)百份申請(qǐng)。A. prfessins專業(yè)；B. reactins反應(yīng)；C. applicatins申請(qǐng)；D. rientatins方向。根據(jù)上文“Still, the jb is highly 8 .”可知該工作很受歡迎，結(jié)合“gets hundreds f 9 annually fr the pst.”可知，收到數(shù)百份申請(qǐng)，故選C項(xiàng)。
10. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：候選人主要被郵局所吸引，無論是因?yàn)樗臍v史還是它的科學(xué)意義。A. invited邀請(qǐng)；B. devted奉獻(xiàn)；C. drawn吸引；D. cntributed貢獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“bth fr its histry and its scientific significance.”可知，是郵局的歷史和科學(xué)意義吸引了候選人，故選C項(xiàng)。
11. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這對(duì)她來說是一種真正的快樂。A. lessn教訓(xùn)；B. jy快樂，喜悅；C. effrt努力；D. shck震驚。根據(jù)上文“Lucy Drman succeeded in applying fr the 2019-2020 seasn.”可知，Lucy Drman申請(qǐng)成功了，結(jié)合下文“I really lve”可知，此處表示對(duì)她來說，獲得這個(gè)職位讓她很開心，故選B項(xiàng)。
12. 考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：你得與人和睦相處，因?yàn)槟銈儾荒茌p易離開對(duì)方。A. get alng相處；B. shw ff炫耀；C. break thrugh突破；D. give in讓步；根據(jù)上文“a real sense f cmmunity”和下文“yu can’t get away frm each ther very easily.”可知，此處表示你得與人和睦相處，故選A項(xiàng)。
13. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我真的很喜歡這種親密無間，”她說。A. lneliness寂寞；B. eagerness急切；C. lseness松弛；D. tgetherness親密無間。根據(jù)上文“a real sense f cmmunity”和“yu can’t get away frm each ther very easily.”可知，此處表示Lucy Drman喜歡那種親密無間，故選D項(xiàng)。
14. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：除此之外，你在這里能取得的成就是有益的。A. cnsistent始終如一的；B. ptential有潛力的；C. rewarding有意義的，有益的；D. demanding高要求的，苛刻的。根據(jù)下文“The ttal experience ffers bth a different 15 twards the wrld and a new viewpint n yur functin n the planet.”可知，此處表示你再這里獲得的東西是有益的，故選C項(xiàng)。
15. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：整個(gè)經(jīng)歷會(huì)讓你產(chǎn)生對(duì)世界的不同看法以及你在這個(gè)星球上的職責(zé)的新觀點(diǎn)。A. entrance入口；B. attitude態(tài)度，看法；C. answer回答；D. intrductin介紹。根據(jù)“ a new viewpint n yur functin n the planet.”可知，整個(gè)經(jīng)歷會(huì)讓你產(chǎn)生對(duì)世界的不同看法，故選B項(xiàng)。
(2)答案
1. A 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了2021年度諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者，坦桑尼亞作家古爾納(Gurnah)的生平及作品。
1. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：古爾納是自1993年托妮·莫里森(Tni Mrrisn)以來首位獲得諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的黑人作家，一些觀察人士認(rèn)為，多年來諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的獲得者都是歐洲人和美國(guó)人，古爾納的入選是一種拖延已久的（對(duì)此現(xiàn)象的）糾正。A. receive得到，收到；B. cnfirm確認(rèn)；C. search搜查；D. appreciate欣賞。根據(jù)第一段“Gurnah, grwing up in Zanzibar, an island ff the cast f Tanzania, was awarded the Nbel Prize in Literature n Thursday.（古爾納在坦桑尼亞海岸附近的桑給巴爾島長(zhǎng)大，周四被授予諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)）”可知，古爾納被授予諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，所以他“收到”獎(jiǎng)了。故選A項(xiàng)。
2. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：古爾納是自1993年托妮·莫里森以來首位獲得諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的黑人作家，一些觀察人士認(rèn)為，多年來諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的獲得者都是歐洲人和美國(guó)人，古爾納的入選是一種拖延已久的（對(duì)此現(xiàn)象的）糾正。A. sectin部分，部門；B. selectin選擇；C. cllectin收藏品；D. cnsultatin咨詢。根據(jù)后句“as a lng delayed crrective(矯正) after years f Eurpean and American Nbel laureates(獲得者)（作為歐洲和美國(guó)諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主多年后姍姍來遲的糾正）”可知，諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的甄選委員“選擇”古爾納為諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的獲得者。故選B項(xiàng)。
3. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在他的10部小說中，古爾納經(jīng)常探討流亡、身份和歸屬感的主題。A. themes主題；B. pinins意見；C. passages段落；D. suggestins建議。根據(jù)下文“They __4__“Memry f Departure” “Pilgrims Way” and “Dttie”, which all deal with the immigrant (移民) experience in Britain.（其中包括《朝圣之路》和《多蒂》，都是關(guān)于在英國(guó)的移民經(jīng)歷）”可知，古爾納的作品，包括《離開的記憶》，《朝圣者之路》和《多蒂》，都是圍繞移在英國(guó)的移民經(jīng)歷而展開，即以流亡、身份和歸屬感為“主題”。故選A項(xiàng)。
4. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們包括《離開的記憶》，《朝圣者之路》和《多蒂》，這些作品都是圍繞移在英國(guó)的移民經(jīng)歷而展開。A. explde爆炸；B. cnclude總結(jié)；C. prvide提供；D. include包括。根據(jù)前文“In his 10 nvels, Gurnah has ften explred the __3__ f exile (流放)，identity and belnging.（在他的10部小說中，古爾納經(jīng)常探討流亡、身份和歸屬感的主題）”可知，古爾納有10個(gè)作品，其中“包括”這三個(gè)。故選D項(xiàng)。
5. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：古爾納的第一語(yǔ)言是斯瓦希里語(yǔ)，但他采用英語(yǔ)作為他的文學(xué)語(yǔ)言。A. advised建議；B. adapted適應(yīng)；C. adpted采用；D. affected影響。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Gurnah was brn in Zanzibar, which is nw __9__ f Tanzania, in 1948.（古爾納1948年出生在桑給巴爾，現(xiàn)在是坦桑尼亞的一部分）”可知，桑給巴爾當(dāng)年是英國(guó)殖民地，可以推知，古爾納少年時(shí)在國(guó)內(nèi)接受的就是英語(yǔ)教育。且根據(jù)下文“__13__, he became a prfessr f English.（后來，他成了一名英語(yǔ)教授）”可知，古爾納是英語(yǔ)教授，他能“采用”英語(yǔ)搞創(chuàng)作。故選C項(xiàng)。
6. 考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：他借鑒了《古蘭經(jīng)》中的意象和故事，以及阿拉伯和波斯詩(shī)歌（的意向和故事），尤其是《一千零一夜》。A. as much as多達(dá)；B. as lng as只要，和……一樣長(zhǎng)；C. as ften as盡可能經(jīng)常；D. as well as而且，和。根據(jù)后句“frm Arabic and Persian petry, particularly “The Arabian Nights”.（來自阿拉伯和波斯詩(shī)歌，特別是《一千零一夜》）”可知，他的作品中有《古蘭經(jīng)》和阿拉伯和波斯詩(shī)歌的元素。故選D項(xiàng)。
7. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：古爾納獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的消息受到了小說家同行和學(xué)者們的慶祝，他們一直認(rèn)為他的作品應(yīng)該有更廣泛的讀者。A. was awarded頒發(fā)；B. was discussed討論；C. was celebrated慶祝；D. was suspected懷疑。根據(jù)后句“by fellw nvelists and academics wh have lng argued that his __8__ deserve a wider audience.（他們一直認(rèn)為他的作品應(yīng)該有更廣泛的讀者）”，小說家同行和學(xué)者們一直認(rèn)為古爾納的小說就是好，值得推廣，所以古爾納獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，值得慶賀一下。故選C項(xiàng)。
8. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：古爾納獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的消息受到了小說家同行和學(xué)者們的慶祝，他們一直認(rèn)為他的作品應(yīng)該有更廣泛的讀者。A. jbs工作；B. wrks作品，工廠；C. labrs任務(wù)，工作；D. careers 職業(yè)，事業(yè)。根據(jù)后句“deserve a wider audience.（應(yīng)該有更多的觀眾。）”可知，讀者閱讀的是“wrks”，意為“作品”。故填B項(xiàng)。
9. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：古爾納1948年出生在桑給巴爾，現(xiàn)在是坦桑尼亞的一部分。A. part部分；B. name名稱；C. hme家；D. cuntry國(guó)家?？芍?，短語(yǔ)“part f ”，意為“……的一部分”。故選A項(xiàng)。
10. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：悲慘的，可憐的，想家，他開始在日記里寫只言片語(yǔ)，然后寫長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)的短記錄，然后寫他人的故事。A. Admirable令人欽佩的；B. Respectable可敬的；C. Fashinable時(shí)髦的；D. Miserable悲慘的。根據(jù)并列詞匯“pr”和“hmesick”，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該也是表消極性、負(fù)面的詞匯。故選D項(xiàng)。
11. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：悲慘的，可憐的，想家，他開始在日記里寫只言片語(yǔ)，然后寫長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)的短記錄，然后寫他人的故事。A. higher更高的； B. lnger更長(zhǎng)的；C. strnger更強(qiáng)的；D. heavier 更重的。根據(jù)上句“he began t write scraps(片段) in his diary,（他開始在日記里寫零零碎碎的東西）”以及“then stries abut ther peple.（然后是其他人的故事）”可知，古爾納的寫作是一步步培養(yǎng)的，先零碎片段，接著“長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)”的簡(jiǎn)短記錄，接著再長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)的真人真事。故選B項(xiàng)。
12. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：20多歲時(shí)，他開始寫小說。A. reading閱讀；B. hearing聽力；C. writing寫作；D. watching觀察。根據(jù)上文“__10__, pr, hmesick, he began t write scraps（片段）in his diary, then __11__ entries, then stries abut ther peple.（悲慘的，可憐的，想家，他開始在日記里寫只言片語(yǔ)，然后寫長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)的短記錄，然后寫他人的故事）”可知，“write”為復(fù)現(xiàn)詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，古爾納的寫作是一步步培養(yǎng)的，先零碎片段，接著“長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)”的簡(jiǎn)短記錄，接著再長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)的真人真事，然后“寫”虛構(gòu)小說。故選C項(xiàng)。
13. 考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，他成了英語(yǔ)教授。A. Afterwards然后；B. Frwards向前；C. Backwards向后；D. Frntwards向前。根據(jù)上句“In his 20s, he started __12__ fictin. Then he finished his first nvel, “Memry f Departure,” abut a yung man wh flees a failed uprising, at the same time he was writing his Ph. D. dissertatin(論文).（20多歲時(shí)，他開始寫小說。然后他完成了他的第一部小說《離別的記憶》，講述了一個(gè)年輕人從失敗的起義中逃離的故事，同時(shí)他還在寫他的博士論文）”，本段介紹了古爾納的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作的發(fā)展過程，有明顯的時(shí)間順序。故選A項(xiàng)。
14. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管古爾納從青少年起，就沒有在坦桑尼亞生活過，但是他的祖國(guó)總是激發(fā)他的想象力。A. writer作家；B. teenager青少年；C. schlar學(xué)者；D. prfessr教授。根據(jù)第四段“Gurnah was brn in Zanzibar, which is nw __9__ f Tanzania, in 1948. Then, in 1964, he fled t England.（古爾納1948年出生在桑給巴爾，現(xiàn)在是坦桑尼亞的一部分。1964年，他逃到英國(guó)）”可知，16歲時(shí)，古爾納離開了坦桑尼亞，逃難到英國(guó)，就沒回坦桑尼亞去生活過。故選B項(xiàng)。
15. 考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他說:“我的祖國(guó)總是在我的想象中維護(hù)我自己，即使我故意把我的故事放在別的地方”。A. As a result結(jié)果；B. At the same time同時(shí)；C. On the ther hand另一方面；D. In his wn wrd用他自己的話。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這句話是古爾納對(duì)上文“his hmeland always inspires him f his imaginatin（他的祖國(guó)總是激發(fā)他的想象力）”的詮釋，以說明他的小說中時(shí)時(shí)處處有著他的祖國(guó)的影子。故選D項(xiàng)。
(3)答案
1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. C
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章是關(guān)于由克里斯蒂·杰格(Christy Jaeger)撰寫的《哈利的丑角之心》這本書的書評(píng)。
1. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：《哈利的丑角之心》由克里斯蒂·杰格(Christy Jaeger)撰寫，通過哈利的敘述呈現(xiàn)，展示了為什么愛的力量可以克服每一次生命旅程中的不幸。A. explained解釋；B. presented呈現(xiàn)；C. designed設(shè)計(jì)；D. included包括。根據(jù)“shws why the pwer f lve can vercme the 2 that is part f every life jurney.”可知，空處表示通過哈利的敘述呈現(xiàn)出一個(gè)道理。故選B。
2. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. misfrtune不幸；B. unease不安；C. incnvenience不便；D. discmfrt不適。根據(jù)“Then ne day, Harley is diagnsed with bne cancer.”可知，Harley的生命旅程中遭遇了不幸。故選A。
3. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：哈利帶我們一起經(jīng)歷了他和他的主人耶格的所有冒險(xiǎn)——從成長(zhǎng)，接受訓(xùn)練，到參加狗展。A. packages包裹；B. dreams夢(mèng)想；C. burdens負(fù)擔(dān)；D. adventures冒險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)“frm grwing up, being trained, t ging t dg shws.”可知，此處表示哈利帶我們一起經(jīng)歷了他和他的主人耶格的所有冒險(xiǎn)。故選D。
4. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，我們有足夠的時(shí)間來探索治療方法。A. mysteries神秘的事物；B. prblems問題；C. cures治療；D. challenges挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)“Harley is diagnsed with bne cancer.”和“Frtunately”可知，有足夠的時(shí)間探索治療方法。故選C。
5. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：耶格告訴我，每個(gè)人都有第六感，當(dāng)事情不對(duì)勁時(shí)，它會(huì)發(fā)出警告。A. frbids禁止；B. hits打擊；C. infrms通知；D. warns警告。根據(jù)“I’m glad she paid attentin t her 6 warning.”可知，第六感會(huì)發(fā)出警告。故選D。
6. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：回想起來，我很高興她注意到了內(nèi)心的警告。A. active積極的；B. inner內(nèi)心的；C. useful有用的；D. sudden突然的。根據(jù)“everyne has a sixth sense, which 5 them when smething’s nt right.”可知，此處表示內(nèi)心的警告。故選B。
7. 考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：通過手術(shù)，這只聰明的狗狗成功了。A. pushes thrugh排除困難辦好某事；B. bends dwn彎腰；C. cheers up使高興起來；D. gets ff下車。根據(jù)“Frtunately, there’s enugh time t explre 4 .”可知，通過手術(shù)，狗狗成功度過了難關(guān)。故選A。
8. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但恢復(fù)的機(jī)會(huì)看起來很有希望。A. success成功；B. recvery恢復(fù)；C. victry勝利；D. survival生存。根據(jù)上文“It isn’t easy and he tells us abut his pain and fears.”和“but”可知，上下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，上文提到“這并不容易，他告訴我們他的痛苦和恐懼。”下文則表示“恢復(fù)的機(jī)會(huì)看起來很有希望”。故選B。
9. 考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過這次經(jīng)歷，哈利逐漸意識(shí)到，當(dāng)一個(gè)人得了癌癥，整個(gè)家庭都會(huì)受到影響。A. inncently天真地；B. autmatically自動(dòng)地；C. gradually逐漸地；D. accidentally偶然地。根據(jù)“After this experience”可知，經(jīng)過這次經(jīng)歷，哈利逐漸意識(shí)到當(dāng)一個(gè)人得了癌癥，整個(gè)家庭都會(huì)受到影響。故選C。
10. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. suffer遭受；B. behave表現(xiàn)；C. perfrm表演；D. delay推遲。根據(jù)“when smene has cancer”可知，當(dāng)一個(gè)人得了癌癥，整個(gè)家庭都會(huì)遭受影響。故選A。
11. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：哈利與癌癥的斗爭(zhēng)可能會(huì)引起成年人的關(guān)注，他們會(huì)考慮和孩子一起讀這本書。A. cmpeting競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；B. battling斗爭(zhēng)；C. cntinuing繼續(xù)；D. mixing融合。根據(jù)“Harley is diagnsed with bne cancer.”可知，此處指哈利與癌癥斗爭(zhēng)。故選B。
12. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但耶格提供了如此積極的視角，這本書更值得分享。A. pssess擁有；B. clse關(guān)閉；C. share分享；D. print打印。根據(jù)“But Jaeger prvides such a psitive perspective”可知，此處評(píng)價(jià)這本書值得分享。故選C。
13. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，這本書有一個(gè)快樂的結(jié)局也很有幫助。A. sad難過的；B. happy高興的；C. ridiculus荒唐的；D. unusual不同尋常的。根據(jù)“Thrugh surgery, this smart dg 7 ”可知，狗狗被治愈了，因此這本書有一個(gè)快樂的結(jié)局。故選B。
14. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：正如耶格所指出的，“這本書向我們傳播了愛。這個(gè)小小的元素可以影響人類和動(dòng)物世界。”A. decisive決定性的；B. lgical符合邏輯的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. influential有影響的。根據(jù)“Lve can defeat all.”可知，愛這個(gè)元素可以影響人類和動(dòng)物世界。故選D。
15. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在這本精彩的書中，這個(gè)信息再清楚不過了。A. meaning意義；B. principle原則；C. message信息；D. expressin表達(dá)。根據(jù)“Lve can defeat all.”可知，這本書傳達(dá)愛能夠戰(zhàn)勝一切這個(gè)信息。故選C。
(4)答案
1. B 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了歷史上奪走無數(shù)歐洲人生命的黑死病。
1. 考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：船只?？吭谖魑骼飴u時(shí)，船上的許多人已經(jīng)死于瘟疫。A. beside在……旁邊；B. n在……上；C. beynd超越；D. beneath在……之下。根據(jù)下文“Within days, the __2__ disease spread t the city and the surrunding cuntryside.”可知，幾天后這種疾病蔓延到城市，由此可知，最初疾病是發(fā)生在船上，并奪走了船上很多人的生命。故選B。
2. 考查形容詞或副詞詞義辨析。句意：幾天之內(nèi)，這種致命的疾病蔓延到城市和周圍的農(nóng)村。A. lively活潑的，令人興奮的；B. likely有可能的；C. lately近來；D. deadly很、致命的。根據(jù)上文“many f thse __1__ bard were already dying f a plague.”可知，這種疾病已經(jīng)奪走了很多人的生命，由此可知，這種疾病是致命的。故選D。
3. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：意識(shí)到可怕的災(zāi)難降臨了，父親們拋棄了生病的兒子；律師拒絕來為死者立遺囑。A. drught干旱；B. disaster災(zāi)難；C. challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D. war戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，這種疾病已經(jīng)蔓延到城市和周圍的農(nóng)村，再根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“fathers abandned their sick sns; __4__ refused t cme and make ut wills fr the dying. N ne cmes t __5__ them except friars (修士) and nuns left t care fr the sick, and the buildings where they stayed were sn __6__.”可知，這是一場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。故選B。
4. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：意識(shí)到可怕的災(zāi)難降臨了，父親們拋棄了生病的兒子；律師拒絕來為死者立遺囑。A. dctrs醫(yī)生；B. nurses護(hù)士；C. fficials工作人員；D. lawyers律師。根據(jù)下文“make ut wills fr the dying.”可知，空處指的是能立遺囑的人，根據(jù)常理可知，空處指的是律師。故選D。
5. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有人來救他們，除了修士和修女留下來照顧病人，他們住的房子很快就被遺棄了。A. defend辯護(hù)；B. rescue挽救；C. charged要價(jià)、控告；D. appreciated感激、欣賞。根據(jù)下文的“except friars(修士) and nuns left t care fr the sick”可知，空處指的是沒有人來救他們，只有修士修女留下了照顧病人。故選B。
6. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有人來救他們，除了修士和修女留下來照顧病人，他們住的房子很快就被遺棄了。A. deserted遺棄；B. cleaned清理；C. sld賣；D. disinfected消毒。根據(jù)上文“N ne cmes t 5 them except friars (修士) and nuns left t care fr the sick”可知，能走的人都走了，由此可推斷，房子都被遺棄了。故選A。
7. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：尸體被遺棄在空房子里，沒有得到基督教的葬禮。A. distant遙遠(yuǎn)的；B. military軍事的；C. empty空的；D. frzen冰凍的。根據(jù)上文“the buildings where they stayed were sn __6__.”可知，這些房子被遺棄了，能走的人都走了，由此可知，這些房子都是空的。故選C。
8. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這種疾病以可怕的速度襲擊并奪走人們的生命。A. limited有限的；B. prper恰當(dāng)?shù)?；C. mdern現(xiàn)代化的；D. scary令人害怕的。根據(jù)下文“The Italian writer Bccacci said the __9__ ften “ate lunch with their friends and dinner with their ancestrs in paradise.””可知，這種疾病蔓延的速度非?？欤簿褪强膳碌乃俣?。故選D。
9. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：意大利作家薄伽丘說，受害者經(jīng)?！芭c朋友共進(jìn)午餐，與天堂里的祖先共進(jìn)晚餐”。A. authrity權(quán)威；B. victims受害者；C. fleas跳蚤；D. designers設(shè)計(jì)者。根據(jù)下文“ate lunch with their friends and dinner with their ancestrs in paradise.”可知，空處指的是受害者或者說是感染該疾病導(dǎo)致死亡的遇難者。故選B。
10. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：到次年的8月，瘟疫已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)向北蔓延到英格蘭。A. spread傳播；B. cnducted實(shí)施；C. indicated表明、暗示；D. invlved涉及。根據(jù)空后的“as far nrth as England.”可知，疾病已經(jīng)蔓延到英格蘭。故選A。
11. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)可怕的殺手在歐洲四處游蕩，但當(dāng)時(shí)人們沒有辦法與之對(duì)抗。A. sufficient足夠的；B. dd古怪的；C. lse寬松的、放任的；D. unbearable難以忍受的。根據(jù)下文“but peple at that time had nthing t fight against it.”可知，黑死病在歐洲肆意妄為，人們對(duì)它的蔓延毫無辦法。故選C。
12. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在冬天，這種疾病似乎消失了，但這只是因?yàn)閹椭谌伺c人之間傳播的跳蚤在睡眠中。A. exprt出口；B. erupt爆發(fā)；C. survive存活；D. disappear消失。根據(jù)下文“but nly because fleas(跳蚤), helping t carry it frm persn t persn, were in __13__ then.”可知，冬季跳蚤冬眠了，所以不再傳播該疾病，所以該疾病似乎消失了。故選D。
13. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在冬天，這種疾病似乎消失了，但這只是因?yàn)閹椭谌伺c人之間傳播的跳蚤在睡眠中。A. sleep睡眠；B. variety種類；C. return返回；D. extinctin消失。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，在冬季，這種疾病似乎消失了，由此可推斷，在冬季，跳蚤冬眠了，也就是在睡眠中。故選A。
14. 考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每年春天，瘟疫再次襲擊，造成新的受害者。A. exited離開，退場(chǎng)；B. attacked襲擊；C. imprted進(jìn)口；D. published出版。根據(jù)上文可知，在冬季跳蚤冬眠無法傳播疾病；根據(jù)常理推測(cè)，春天到來，跳蚤醒來，必然會(huì)繼續(xù)傳播疾病，所以春天到來時(shí)，瘟疫會(huì)再次襲來。故選B。
15. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幸存者生活在持續(xù)的瘟疫歸來的恐懼之中，這種疾病直到17世紀(jì)才消失。A. blwers吹風(fēng)機(jī)；B. scientists科學(xué)家；C. survivrs幸存者；D. gvernments政府。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ived in cnstant fear f the plague’s return”可知，空處的人害怕瘟疫的回歸，由此可推測(cè)，空處指的是經(jīng)歷過瘟疫而幸存下來的人。故選C。
(5)答案
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。閱讀的習(xí)慣是人類最偉大的資源之一，我們喜歡讀那些屬于我們自己的書，而不是借來的書。文章主要說明了如何對(duì)待借來的書和自己的書，以及閱讀的一些益處。
1. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有些人把借來的書當(dāng)作家里的客人。A. teacher老師； B. guest客人； C. relative親戚；D. servant仆人。根據(jù)“It must be treated with care and cnsiderate ”可知，對(duì)待借來的書就好像它是客人，故選B。
2. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它必須以謹(jǐn)慎和彬彬有禮地對(duì)待。A. maintenance維護(hù)；B. reslutin決議；C. frmality正式性，禮節(jié)；D. structure結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)“Casual attitudes are frbidden.”可知，此處指用謹(jǐn)慎和彬彬有禮來對(duì)待借來的書。故選C。
3. 考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：因?yàn)檫@本書是借來的，所以它不能損壞，這意味著它在你的家里不能受到損害。A. under yur rf在你的屋檐下； B. n yur behalf 代表你；C. beynd yur reach你無法企及；D. within yur grasp你的掌握之中。根據(jù)“Sme peple regard a brrwed bk as a 1 in the huse. ”可知，借來的書不允許在你家里被損壞。故選A。
4. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在閱讀本書的過程中，當(dāng)你靈光乍現(xiàn)時(shí)，你不允許在要點(diǎn)上做任何標(biāo)記或劃下下劃線。A. trends趨勢(shì)；B. gals目標(biāo)；C. definitins定義；D. pints點(diǎn)。根據(jù)“make any mark r underline the imprtant ”可知，是在要點(diǎn)下劃線，故選D。
5. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這對(duì)一個(gè)人的想象力是巨大的阻止。A. discipline紀(jì)律；B. discuragement阻止、挫折；C. relief緩解；D. reminder提醒。根據(jù)“t ne’s imaginatin.”并結(jié)合上文說借來的書不能在上面做標(biāo)記可知，不能做標(biāo)記畫要點(diǎn)是對(duì)想象力的阻止，故選B。
6. 考查短語(yǔ)和副詞詞義辨析。句意：另一方面，你自己的書屬于你，你可以如此親密地對(duì)待它們，你不怕在它上面做標(biāo)記或把它放在一個(gè)骯臟的地方。A. On the ther hand另一方面；B. In result結(jié)果；C. Meanwhile與此同時(shí)；D. Furthermre而且。上文陳述如何對(duì)待借來的書，本段講如何對(duì)待自己的書，因此這是另一方面的問題。故選A。
7. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你自己的書是用來使用的，不是用來炫耀的。你不需要在別人面前展示它們。A. benefit好處；B. prfit利潤(rùn)；C. shw展示；D. excuse借口。根據(jù)“Yur wn bks are there fr use”可知，自己的書不是用來炫耀的，故選C。
8. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：擁有書也鼓勵(lì)有意義的標(biāo)記。A. meaningful有意義的；B. secndary其次的；C. sufficient充足的；D. tugh艱難的。根據(jù)“A gd reasn fr marking”可知，自己的書上可以做有意義的標(biāo)記，故選A。
9. 考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在書中標(biāo)記有教育意義的段落的一個(gè)很好的理由是，這種做法可以讓你更容易地記住重要的諺語(yǔ)，更快地查閱，然后在將來更頻繁地復(fù)習(xí)它們。A. stick t堅(jiān)持；B. refer t查閱；C. devte t致力于；D. adapt t適應(yīng)。根據(jù)“enables yu t remember mre easily the significant sayings”可知，書中的標(biāo)記可以讓你快速查閱，故選B。
10. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：鑒于擁有的書對(duì)一個(gè)人的重要性，每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該開始收集一個(gè)私人圖書館，構(gòu)成他自己的知識(shí)財(cái)產(chǎn)。A. imaginative有想象力的；B. ecnmic經(jīng)濟(jì)的；C. intellectual智力的、知識(shí)的；D. public公開的。根據(jù)“ shuld begin cllecting a private library”可知，書是知識(shí)財(cái)產(chǎn)，故選C。
11. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它們應(yīng)該是自由的，手和眼睛都可以接觸到。A. familiar熟悉的；B. effective有效的；C. flexible靈活的；D. accessible可達(dá)到的。根據(jù)“which shuld nt be having drs, glass windws, r keys. ”可知，書架應(yīng)該是容易接觸到，故選D。
12. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就像珠寶之于女人一樣，書籍是男人最好的道德裝飾。A. decratin裝飾；B. truth事實(shí)；C. training訓(xùn)練；D. expense花費(fèi)。根據(jù)“Like the jewellery t a wman,”可知，書對(duì)于男人來說是道德裝飾，故選A。
13. 考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們的多樣性表明了不同作家大腦的創(chuàng)造力。A. simplicity簡(jiǎn)潔；B. creativity創(chuàng)造力；C. experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；D. life人生。根據(jù)“Their variety indicates”可知，作家創(chuàng)造力使書籍多樣性，故選B。
14. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你的身心都是興奮的。A. cnscius有意識(shí)的；B. calm平靜的；C. wild野的；D. excited興奮的。根據(jù)“With bks at hand, yur mind is free t land any 15 r even strange pssibility, which eventually gives birth t new discveries r inventins.”可知，有書，你的身心是興奮的，故選D。
15. 考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有了書在手，你的大腦就可以自由地思考任何新鮮甚至奇怪的可能性，最終產(chǎn)生新的發(fā)現(xiàn)或發(fā)明。A. purpseful有明確目標(biāo)的；B. resurceful足智多謀的；C. fresh新鮮的；D. memrable難忘的。根據(jù)“r even strange pssibility”可知，有了屬于自己的書，你的大腦是自由的，這樣可以產(chǎn)生很多新的想法。故選C。卷別
體裁
題材
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動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))
名詞
形容詞
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