高中英語人教版 (2019)必修第一冊(cè)Unit 3 Sports and fitness優(yōu)秀練習(xí)-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

14 Discovering useful structures 【語法解析】反意疑問句概念：反意疑問句(The Disjunctive Question 或 Question tags) 即反意附加疑問句。它表示提問人的看法，沒有把握，需要對(duì)方贊同。附加疑問句由兩部分組成：前一部分是一個(gè)陳述句，后一部分是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的疑問句，兩部分的人稱時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致。結(jié)構(gòu)前肯后否：陳述部分肯定式+疑問部分否定式前否后肯：陳述部分否定式+疑問部分肯定式練習(xí)1：他們努力工作，不是嗎？ .練習(xí)2;你沒去，是嗎？ .二. 回答肯定回答：“Yes+肯定結(jié)構(gòu)”否定回答：“No+否定結(jié)構(gòu)”在前否后肯結(jié)構(gòu)中，yes 譯為“不”,no 譯為“是”。練習(xí)3：——They work hard, don’t they? 他們努力工作，不是嗎？— ./ . 是的，他們工作努力。/不，他們工作不努力。——They don’t work hard, do they? 他們不努力工作，是嗎？— ./ . 不，他們工作努力。/是的，他們工作不努力。三.類型陳述句是由“主語+be的形式”構(gòu)成的，附加問句用“be的形式+主語”。練習(xí)4：天氣很好，不是嗎？？2. 陳述句是由“主語+行為動(dòng)詞的各種時(shí)態(tài)”構(gòu)成的，附加問句用“助動(dòng)詞do/does/did/have/has/had等+主語”。練習(xí)5:當(dāng)你長(zhǎng)大后想你想當(dāng)一名藝術(shù)家，不是嗎？ ?3. 陳述句含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，附加問句用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語”。練習(xí)6：我兒子不會(huì)做這道題，是嗎？？四. 反意疑問句應(yīng)該注意的問題1.當(dāng)陳述部分含有never, seldom, hardly, few, little, barely,scarcely, nothing, none, rarely,no, not, no one, nobody, neither等具有否定意義的詞匯時(shí),后面的附加問句則為肯定形式。練習(xí)7：他不大會(huì)游泳,對(duì)嗎? ？他們很少遲到,對(duì)嗎? ？2.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語為everyone, someone, anyone, no one 等表示人的不定代詞時(shí),疑問部分的主語用they或he。練習(xí)8：你家里每個(gè)人都是老師,不是嗎? ？3.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語為everything, something, anything, nothing 等表示物的不定代詞時(shí),疑問部分的主語用 it。練習(xí)9：你的表壞了,對(duì)嗎? ？4.當(dāng)陳述部分含有否定意思的詞是unhappy, dislike, unfriendly等含有否定詞綴的派生詞,即含有un-, dis-前綴或-less后綴等詞綴而意思否定的詞時(shí),作為肯定句處理,疑問部分用否定形式。練習(xí)10:他看上去不高興,不是嗎? ？5.陳述部分有less, fewer等詞時(shí)視為肯定詞,疑問部分用否定形式。練習(xí)11：污染會(huì)更少,不是嗎? ？6.含有think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等動(dòng)詞后接賓語從句構(gòu)成的主從復(fù)合句在構(gòu)成反意疑問句時(shí),視情況不同有兩種不同的構(gòu)成方式。即當(dāng)主句是I think, I believe, I suppose, I imagine, I expect, I guess時(shí)要反問從句,其余句式均反問主句。當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱時(shí),其后的附加問句應(yīng)與從句保持一致。練習(xí)12：我期待我們的英語老師這個(gè)周末回來,不是嗎? ？答案They work hard, don’t they?You didn’t go, did you?Yes, they do；No, they don’t；Yes, they do；No, they don’tThe weather is fine, isn’t it?You want to be an artist when you grow up, don’t you?My son can’t work out this question, can he?He can hardly swim, can he；They seldom come late, do theyEveryone in your family is a teacher, aren’t they/isn't heSomething is wrong with your watch, isn't itHe looks unhappy, doesn't heThere will be less pollution, won't thereI expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, won't she/he 　When the modern Olympic Games ① _____ (start) in 1896 in Athens, Greece, there was no such thing as the Winter Olympics. ② _____ (player) competed only in the Summer Games. However, there were the Nordic Games, a ③ _____ (compete) of winter sports that took place every few years starting from 1901. But the Nordic Games were only open to athletes ④_____ Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. The winter sports were popular, so in 1924 an International Winter Sports Week ⑤_____ (hold) in Chamonix, France. About 250 athletes from 16 countries competed in nine sports and there were 11 female athletes, ⑥_____ competed in figure skating.Still, the Winter Olympics were under way, adding more sports to the games, ⑦_____ (especial) more sports for women. Women got the chance ⑧_____ (take) part in skiing, ice hockey (冰球) ⑨_____ other sports. Now the Games have such ⑩_____ (interest) events as snowboarding and bobsledding (雪橇車比賽).
答案：①started ②Players ③competition ④from ⑤was held ⑥who ⑦especially ⑧to take ⑨and ⑩interesting解析：①考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài).句意:1896年,現(xiàn)代奧運(yùn)會(huì)在希臘雅典開始的時(shí)候,并沒有像冬奧會(huì)這樣的比賽.根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in 1896判斷用一般過去時(shí). ②考查名詞的數(shù).句意:運(yùn)動(dòng)員們只參加夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì). player是可數(shù)名詞,設(shè)空處前沒有修飾語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式Players.③考查名詞.句意:然而,當(dāng)時(shí)有北歐運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì),是從1901年開始,每隔幾年就會(huì)進(jìn)行一次的冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)比賽.不定冠詞a后面要接單數(shù)名詞,所以填competition.④考查介詞.句意:但是北歐運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)只對(duì)來自丹麥、芬蘭、挪威和瑞典的運(yùn)動(dòng)員開放.根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)填介詞from,意為"來自".⑤考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài).句意:冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)很受歡迎,因此1924年國(guó)際冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)周在法國(guó)沙莫尼舉行.此處主語 an International Winter Sports Week 與動(dòng)詞hold構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,再根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in 1924可知該空應(yīng)填was held.⑥考查定語從句.句意:來自16 個(gè)國(guó)家的約250名運(yùn)動(dòng)員參加了9個(gè)項(xiàng)目的比賽,有11名女性運(yùn)動(dòng)員參加了花樣滑冰比賽.此處非限制性定語從句的先行詞是11 female athletes, 設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作主語,所以要填who.⑦考查副詞.在英語中副詞通常作狀語修飾形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子,設(shè)空處作狀語,所以要填especially.⑧考查不定式.句意:女性得到了參加滑雪、冰球和其他運(yùn)動(dòng)的機(jī)會(huì).句中不定式短語 to take...作定語修飾名詞chance. 所以要填不定式to take.⑨考查連詞.此處skiing、ice hockey和other sports 是并列關(guān)系,故填and.⑩考查形容詞.設(shè)空處修飾名詞events,應(yīng)該使用形容詞interesting.語法與寫作1．讓我們聽老師提到的廣播節(jié)目，好嗎？___________________________________________________________________________2．你覺得你很滑稽，是嗎？___________________________________________________________________________3．充分利用我們的業(yè)余時(shí)間，好嗎？___________________________________________________________________________4．沒有人相信他的工作多么困難，不是嗎？___________________________________________________________________________5．不要忘記明天早點(diǎn)起床，好嗎？___________________________________________________________________________6．我認(rèn)為他會(huì)來的，對(duì)嗎？___________________________________________________________________________答案：1.Let's listen to the radio program that the teacher mentioned，shall we?2.You think you're funny, don't you?3.Make good use of our spare time, will/won't you?4.Nobody believes how difficult his work is, do they?5.Don't forget to get up early tomorrow, will you?6.I think he will come, won't he? Ⅰ閱讀理解My First Marathon (馬拉松) A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead. I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn't do either well. He later informed me that I was "not athletic". The idea that I was "not athletic" stuck (粘貼) with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills! The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn't even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself. Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces (鞋帶) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted! At mile 3, I passed a sign: "GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!" By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again. By mile 21, I was starving! As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running. I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had. Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels (世俗標(biāo)簽), I can now call myself a "marathon winner".1. A month before the marathon, the author _____.A.was well trainedB.felt scaredC.made up his mind to runD.lost hope2. Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his 7th year?A.To acknowledge the support of his teacher.B.To amuse the readers with a funny story.C.To show he was not talented in sports.D.To share a precious memory.3. How was the author's first marathon?A.He made it.B.He quit halfway.C.He got the first prize.D.He walked to the end.4. What does the story mainly tell us?A.A man owes his success to his family support.B.A winner is one with a great effort of will.C.Failure is the mother of success.D.One is never too old to learn.Ⅱ.語法填空 When the modern Olympic Games ① _____ (start) in 1896 in Athens, Greece, there was no such thing as the Winter Olympics. ② _____ (player) competed only in the Summer Games. However, there were the Nordic Games, a ③ _____ (compete) of winter sports that took place every few years starting from 1901. But the Nordic Games were only open to athletes ④_____ Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. The winter sports were popular, so in 1924 an International Winter Sports Week ⑤_____ (hold) in Chamonix, France. About 250 athletes from 16 countries competed in nine sports and there were 11 female athletes, ⑥_____ competed in figure skating. Still, the Winter Olympics were under way, adding more sports to the games, ⑦_____ (especial) more sports for women. Women got the chance ⑧_____ (take) part in skiing, ice hockey (冰球) ⑨_____ other sports. Now the Games have such ⑩_____ (interest) events as snowboarding and bobsledding (雪橇車比賽).答案Ⅰ閱讀理解答案：1-4 CCAB解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第一段 A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead. 可知,作者在參加馬拉松前一個(gè)月腳踝受傷,但是仍然下定決心繼續(xù)跑步.2.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第二段最后兩句 I didn't do either well. He later informed me that I was "not athletic". (我做得也不好.他后來告訴我,我"不是運(yùn)動(dòng)型的人".)可以推斷出作者沒有運(yùn)動(dòng)天賦.3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的 I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! (我是最后跑完的選手之一.但我完成了!)可知作者最終跑完了馬拉松.4.主旨大意題.根據(jù)最后一段 Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels... (決心做我自己,前進(jìn),擺脫羞恥和世俗標(biāo)簽……) 以及通讀全文可知本文主要講了作者在參加馬拉松之前腳踝受傷,但仍然下定決心繼續(xù)訓(xùn)練.作者認(rèn)為跑步是與自己的一種較量,而與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)或者是否是運(yùn)動(dòng)型的人無關(guān).這是對(duì)自己的身體和思想的一場(chǎng)考驗(yàn),最終作者跑完了馬拉松并得到了一枚獎(jiǎng)牌,這告訴我們勝利者是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人.Ⅱ.語法填空答案：①started ②Players ③competition ④from ⑤was held ⑥who ⑦especially ⑧to take ⑨and ⑩interesting解析：①考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài).句意:1896年,現(xiàn)代奧運(yùn)會(huì)在希臘雅典開始的時(shí)候,并沒有像冬奧會(huì)這樣的比賽.根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in 1896判斷用一般過去時(shí). ②考查名詞的數(shù).句意:運(yùn)動(dòng)員們只參加夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì). player是可數(shù)名詞,設(shè)空處前沒有修飾語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式Players.③考查名詞.句意:然而,當(dāng)時(shí)有北歐運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì),是從1901年開始,每隔幾年就會(huì)進(jìn)行一次的冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)比賽.不定冠詞a后面要接單數(shù)名詞,所以填competition.④考查介詞.句意:但是北歐運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)只對(duì)來自丹麥、芬蘭、挪威和瑞典的運(yùn)動(dòng)員開放.根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)填介詞from,意為"來自".⑤考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài).句意:冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)很受歡迎,因此1924年國(guó)際冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)周在法國(guó)沙莫尼舉行.此處主語 an International Winter Sports Week 與動(dòng)詞hold構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,再根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in 1924可知該空應(yīng)填was held.⑥考查定語從句.句意:來自16 個(gè)國(guó)家的約250名運(yùn)動(dòng)員參加了9個(gè)項(xiàng)目的比賽,有11名女性運(yùn)動(dòng)員參加了花樣滑冰比賽.此處非限制性定語從句的先行詞是11 female athletes, 設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作主語,所以要填who.⑦考查副詞.在英語中副詞通常作狀語修飾形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子,設(shè)空處作狀語,所以要填especially.⑧考查不定式.句意:女性得到了參加滑雪、冰球和其他運(yùn)動(dòng)的機(jī)會(huì).句中不定式短語 to take...作定語修飾名詞chance. 所以要填不定式to take.⑨考查連詞.此處skiing、ice hockey和other sports 是并列關(guān)系,故填and.⑩考查形容詞.設(shè)空處修飾名詞events,應(yīng)該使用形容詞interesting.

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