高中人教版 (2019)Unit 4 Natural disasters精品精練-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

18 Discovering useful structures【核心詞匯】1．erupt vi. & vt.(火山)爆發(fā)；(巖漿、煙等)噴出(教材p.52)The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted.火山爆發(fā)后，住在我們旁邊的那對(duì)夫婦自愿去幫忙。(1)erupt from　　　　 (從……)噴出erupt into 爆發(fā)為；突然發(fā)出(尤指叫喊)(2)eruption n. 噴發(fā)，爆發(fā)[佳句]　The volcano may erupt and then there will be earthquakes. Is she not afraid?火山也許會(huì)爆發(fā)，引發(fā)地震，難道他不怕嗎？ 2．supply n．供應(yīng)(量)；補(bǔ)給；[pl.] 補(bǔ)給品vt.供應(yīng)；供給(教材p.52)The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.向?yàn)?zāi)區(qū)提供的補(bǔ)給品是從全國各地收集來的。(1)supply sth to sb＝supply sb with sth向某人提供某物(2)be in short supply 短缺a large supply of/large supplies of 大量……的供應(yīng)[佳句]　I'd like to buy a large backpack in advance to carry my supplies of food and water.我想預(yù)先買一個(gè)大的背包來裝食物和水等補(bǔ)給品。 [點(diǎn)津]　表示“為某人提供某物”的短語還有：①provide sb with sth＝provide sth for sb②offer sb sth＝offer sth to sb 【語法解析】一. 定語從句的句法功能及相關(guān)定義1．功能：相當(dāng)于形容詞，修飾名詞或代詞，在句中作定語。2．位置：定語從句常置于被修飾詞之后；as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可置于主句前、句中，也可置于主句之后。◆Those who are for the plan raise your hands, please.　支持這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃的人請(qǐng)舉手。◆As is known to us all, the earth is spinning around the sun.　眾所周知，地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。3．先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞稱為先行詞。先行詞一般是名詞和不定代詞，如some-、any-、every-、no-與-body、-thing的合成詞或all、none、any、some、that、those等代詞。數(shù)詞和人稱代詞也同樣可作先行詞。4．關(guān)系詞：連接先行詞與從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系代詞：who、whom、which、that、whose、as等。關(guān)系副詞：when、where、why等。5．限制性定語從句限制性定語從句對(duì)先行詞起限制、區(qū)分的作用，并與先行詞有著不可分割的關(guān)系，這種從句不能省略，否則主句的意思就不完整、不明確。翻譯時(shí)一般作前置定語來譯，意為“……的”。◆Paper cuts of animls have been found in tombs which date back to the time of the Northern and Southern Dynasty.　早在南北朝時(shí)期的墓中就已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了動(dòng)物剪紙。二. 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.who引導(dǎo)的定語從句[合作探究]　The children who were injured in the car accident are being treated in the hospital now.目前，在車禍中受傷的孩子們正在醫(yī)院接受治療。Danny was the man who we rescued from the ruins.丹尼是我們從廢墟中救出來的那個(gè)人。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)1]　who指人，在定語從句中可以充當(dāng)主語、賓語。2.whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句[合作探究]　Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about.羅絲是你應(yīng)該關(guān)心的人。The boy(whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor.老師經(jīng)常表揚(yáng)的那個(gè)男孩是他們的班長。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)2]　whom指人，在定語從句中作賓語，可省略，也可用who代替。3.whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句[合作探究]　I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.我認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)人，他的房子在地震中被摧毀了。He lives in a room whose window faces north.他住在一個(gè)窗子朝北的房間里。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)3]　whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所屬”關(guān)系，whose在定語從句中作定語。4.which引導(dǎo)的定語從句[合作探究]　The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring(which) he had lost on the train.那個(gè)年輕人領(lǐng)回了在火車上丟失的金戒指，非常高興。The little girl is having an apple which is big and red.小女孩正在吃一個(gè)又大又紅的蘋果。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)4]　which指物，在定語從句中作主語、賓語，作賓語時(shí)可省略。5.that引導(dǎo)的定語從句[合作探究]　The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年來參觀這座城市的人數(shù)達(dá)100萬。(that指人，作主語)The suitcase that/which lies on the ground is hers.地上放的那個(gè)手提箱是她的。(that指物，作主語)[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)5]　that既可指人，也可指物，在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語，作賓語時(shí)可以省略。習(xí)慣上指人多用who/whom替代，指物多用which替代。[名師提醒]　(1)關(guān)系代詞指代先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語或表語，因此定語從句中不能再出現(xiàn)關(guān)系代詞所替代的名詞或代詞。(2)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時(shí)不能省略，作賓語時(shí)可以省略。 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Unfortunately, many birds didn’t ______(幸存) the severe winter.2．I put my phone on charge because it was running out of ______(電力供應(yīng))．3．He is a very brave man who can keep ______(鎮(zhèn)靜的)even in danger.4．This door should only be used in an ______(緊急情況)．5．The country has financial ______(援助) to many African countries.【答案】1.survive　2.power　3.calm　4.emergency 5．aidⅡ.用定語從句合并下列句子1．I have a friend.He likes listening to classical music.→________________________________________________________________________2．Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress.I lent her the new dress.→________________________________________________________________________3．The student’s article was published in the magazine.I know the student.→________________________________________________________________________4．My grandparents live in a house.It lies at the foot of the mountain.→________________________________________________________________________5．You referred to the man in the meeting yesterday.I want to know the man.→________________________________________________________________________6．The letter is from my sister.I received it yesterday.→________________________________________________________________________7．The train was late.It was going to Nanning.→________________________________________________________________________8．I want to talk to the boys.Their homework hasn’t been handed in.→________________________________________________________________________9．The boy is my brother.He was here a minute ago.→________________________________________________________________________10．The tree is quite tall.He is climbing it.→________________________________________________________________________【答案】1．I have a friend who likes listening to classical music.2．Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress (that/which) I lent her.3．I know the student whose article was published in the magazine.4．My grandparents live in a house which/that lies at the foot of the mountain.5．I want to know the man (whom/who/that) you referred to in the meeting yesterday.6．The letter (that/which) I received yesterday is from my sister.7．The train that/which was going to Nanning was late.8．I want to talk to the boys whose homework hasnt been handed in.9．The boy who/that was here a minute ago is my brother.10．The tree (that/which) he is climbing is quite tall.微寫作我父親在離我們家不遠(yuǎn)的一家醫(yī)院工作。我的母親是一個(gè)家庭主婦，經(jīng)常給我們做好吃的飯菜。我姐姐在北京大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)，她的專業(yè)是中國文學(xué)。我有幾個(gè)喜歡打籃球的好朋友。________________________________________________________________________One possible version：My father works in a hospital which/that is not far from our home.My mother is a housewife who often cooks delicious dishes for us.My sister studies in Peking University, whose major is Chinese Literature.I have several good friends who enjoy playing basketball. 用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞完成下面短文。Do you know the man 1.___________ wrote this book？He was Jason, one of the engineers 2. ___________ came from Russia in the 1950s.He worked in the same factory where my father once worked.When he came to China, the first thing 3. ___________ he did was to visit the factory 4. ___________ did research on trolleybuses and found out the reason why China was so backward in it.Then he spent every minute 5. ___________ he could spare to help China develop transportation.As is mentioned above, Jason was a foreigner 6. ___________ made great contributions to our country and was a kind man to 7. ___________ we should say thanks.【答案】1.who/that 2.who/that 3.that 4.which/that 5.that 6.who/that 7.whom

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