13 Reading and Thinking【核心詞匯】1.master（1）n. 高手；主人；教師a work of art by a true master 一件真正大師的藝術(shù)作品a master at（doing）sth. （做）某事的高手be your own master 自己做主the physics master 物理老師（2）vt. 精通；掌握；控制（情緒）master new skills/techniques 掌握新的技能 / 技術(shù)Study hard，and you will master it. 努力學(xué)習(xí)，你會(huì)掌握它的。 2.honour3 honour  n. & vt.（1）n. 榮譽(yù)；尊敬；榮幸feel it an honour to do sth. 感覺做某事很榮幸it is an honour to do sth. 做某事是一種榮幸We fought for the honour of our country.我們?yōu)槲覀儑业臉s譽(yù)而戰(zhàn)。An oak tree was planted in honour of the occasion.種了一棵橡樹以紀(jì)念這一盛會(huì)。（2）vt. 向某人致敬be/feel honoured to do sth. 感覺做某事很榮幸be honoured for 因……而受尊敬be honoured as 被尊為……We are here today to honour the people who gave their lives to our country. 今天我們在此向那些為祖國獻(xiàn)出生命的人們表示敬意。I am honoured to have a speech here. 我很榮幸在此發(fā)言。3. gloryn. 榮譽(yù)；光榮；贊美搭配win glory for 為……贏得榮譽(yù)for the glory of 為了……的榮譽(yù)glory days 輝煌歲月He came home a rich man，covered in glory. 他發(fā)跡返鄉(xiāng)，榮歸故里。【詞語積累】glorious adj. 光榮的，榮耀的；壯麗的，晴朗的a glorious victory 光榮的勝利glorious sunshine 燦爛的陽光4. determination n. 決心；決定He fought the illness with courage and determination.他勇敢頑強(qiáng)地與疾病作斗爭。I admire her determination to get it right.我贊賞她把事情弄清楚的決心。【詞語積累】（1）determine v. 決定；下定決心  to do sth. 決定 / 決心做某事        determine  on（doing） sth. 決定（做）某事  sb. to do sth. 使某人下決心做某事Your health is determined partly by what you eat.在某種程度上你的健康狀況取決于你的飲食。On entering the senior high school，Joe determined to study hard.一進(jìn)入高中，喬就下定決心努力學(xué)習(xí)。 ［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］（2）determined adj. 有決心的；堅(jiān)定的be determined to do sth. 決心做某事I am determined to get this piece of work done today.我決心今天完成這項(xiàng)工作。5. injure vt. 使受傷；損害搭配：be badly injured 嚴(yán)重受傷He was badly injured when he was cycling along the valley.沿著山谷騎自行車時(shí)，他身受重傷。Cheating seriously injured the company’s reputation.欺騙嚴(yán)重?fù)p害了這家公司的聲譽(yù)。【詞語積累】（1）injured adj. 受傷的；有傷的   the injured 傷員（作主語時(shí)一般看作復(fù)數(shù)）（2）injury n. 傷害，損傷 injury to sb./sth. 對……的傷害 do sb. an injury 傷害某人  6. strength n. ［U］力量；體力；［C］優(yōu)點(diǎn)，長處，優(yōu)勢 build up one’s strength 增強(qiáng)體力a man of great strength 一個(gè)力氣大的人strengths and weaknesses 優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)7. failure  n. 失?。皇〉娜耍ɑ蚴挛铮?/span>Failure is the mother of success. 失敗乃成功之母。He is a failure as an artist.作為一名藝術(shù)家他并不成功。The party was a total failure. 聚會(huì)徹底失敗了。【點(diǎn)撥】有些抽象名詞在表示具體事物時(shí)，可用作可數(shù)名詞，這種現(xiàn)象稱為抽象名詞具體化。有類似用法的詞還有 success，surprise，honour，danger，beauty，pleasure，pity，comfort，difficulty 等。It is an honour for me to deliver a speech at the meeting.在會(huì)上發(fā)表演講，我感到榮幸之至。【詞語積累】fail v. 失?。徊患案?；（健康、視力、記憶力等）衰退fail to do sth. 未能做某事【核心句型】[句型公式] 　Sb/Sth seems/seemed＋不定式，表示“看來……；好像……”(教材p.38)In the final seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed to find a way to win.在比賽的最后幾秒鐘，喬丹似乎總能找到制勝的方法。(1)Sb/Sth seems/seemed＋不定式＝It seems/seemed that ...　 看來……；好像……(2)It seems＋形容詞/名詞＋to do sth 看起來……It seems as if/as though ... 看起來好像……There seems (to be)... 看起來有……[佳句]　It seems that they have known the truth.看來他們已經(jīng)知道真相了。1.Competitions like                        (ski) need snow.2.Your performance is _______, and left us a good _______ . (impress)3._______ a lawyer, you have the right to bring her justice and fairness.4.It's up to you _______(determine) which player we should choose.5.Who recommended _______(join) them in the game?6.The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996.翻譯:他在芝加哥創(chuàng)建的"男孩女孩俱樂部"從1996年至今 一直在幫助年輕人。仿寫:我很高興，從你來到這個(gè)學(xué)校，你的英語一直在進(jìn)步。I am glad that you ______ ______ ______ your English ______ ______ ______ to this school.7.Sweat your way to good health! You can make it!翻譯:揮汗走向健康!你可以做到的!仿寫:我的夢想是考上北京大學(xué)。我做到了。My dream was to be admitted to Beijing University, and I ______ ______.8.Why not run an exciting marathon?翻譯:為什么不跑一場激動(dòng)人心的馬拉松呢?仿寫:你最好不要拒絕她的邀請。為什么不去她的婚禮看看呢?You'd better not refuse her invitation. ______ ______ ______ to her wedding party?9.I can't accept not trying.翻譯:我無法接受不嘗試一下。仿寫:要是你無法接受不離開我們公司，說說你的想法。If you ______ ______ ______ ______ our company, tell me your idea.10.It is up to you.翻譯:這取決于你。仿寫:什么時(shí)候再次召開會(huì)議取決于學(xué)生會(huì)主席。When to hold another meeting ______ ______ ______ the president of the Students' Union.答案：1.答案：skiing 解析：考査名詞。句意:像滑雪這樣的比賽需要雪。根據(jù)句 意可知like在句中是介詞，后面應(yīng)該接名詞形式siding.表示 “滑雪運(yùn)動(dòng)”。2.答案：impressive, impression3.答案：As4.答案：to determine5.答案：joining6.答案：have been improving, since you came7.答案：made it8.答案：Why not go9.答案：can't accept not leaving10.答案：is up to Ⅰ.品句填詞1．One good way to ____________ (掌握) the ideas of an article is to make an outline of it.2．Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their ___________ (比賽項(xiàng)目) will be admitted as competitors.3．The crazy football fans poured out of the____________ (體育場) cheering wildly.4．The more you ____________(流汗) in peace, the less you bleed in war.5．Nowadays any country can take part in it if their ___________ (運(yùn)動(dòng)員) are good enough.6．In the 2018 World Cup Finals, France defeated Croatia and won the ___________ (冠軍).7．I was fortunate in being elected ___________ (隊(duì)長) of that team.8．On the way to the White Temple, our guide related its history and some___________ (傳說) to us.9．There's as much competition among countries to ___________ the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.10．The boy is athletic, especially good at football and has won many ___________．答案：1. master  2. events  3.stadium  4. sweat   5. athletes   6. champion  7. captain   8. legends  9. host    10. medalsⅡ.詞形轉(zhuǎn)換1．He convinced us of his _____________ (fit) for the task.2．I was strongly impressed with her _____________ (grace) movements.3．Now that you have expressed your _____________ (determine), you should take action.4．I am very much surprised to hear that he got badly_____________  (injure) in a motor car accident.5．The businessman has achieved great success in his career, but as a father, he is a _____________ (fail).6．After losing the_____________ (champion), the whole team was physically and emotionally exhausted.7．As is known to us all, love is the strongest _____________ (strong).8．I felt greatly _____________ (honour) to inform you that you have got the first prize.答案：1. fitness  2. graceful  3. determination  4. injured  5. failure  6. championship  7. strength  8. honouredⅠ.閱讀理解Some educators told us that more years of school could help students get higher scores on intelligence tests. That was a finding of a study of teenage males in some countries. Now, another research shows that physical activity may help students do better in their classes.The research comes as educators in some countries are reducing time for activities like physical education. They are using the time instead for academic (學(xué)術(shù)的) subjects like math and reading. The studies appeared between 2008 and 2014. They included more than 55,000 children, aged 6 to 18.Amika Singh: "According to the results of our study, we can conclude that being physically active is beneficial to academic performance. There are, first, Physiological explanations, like more blood flow, and so more oxygen to the brain. Being physically active means there are more hormones (荷爾蒙) Produced like endorphins (內(nèi)啡肽). And endorphins make your stress level lower and your mood improved, which means you also perform better."Also, students taking part in organized sports learn rules and how to follow them. This could improve their classroom behavior and help them keep their mind on their work.The study leaves some questions unanswered, however. Ms Stash says it is not possible to say whether the amount or kind of activity affected the level of academic improvement. This is because of differences among the studies.The researchers said they found only two high-quality studies. They needed more high-quality studies to confirm (證實(shí)) their findings. They also pointed out that "results for other parts of the world may be quite different".Still, the general finding was that physically active kids are more likely to do better in school. Ms Singh says schools should consider that finding before they cut physical education programs. Her paper on "Physical Activity and Performance at School" is published in the Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine.1.The passage mainly tells us that _______.A.a research on physical education has been done by the researchersB.there is a possibility that physical activity leads to higher gradesC.the amount or kind of activity directly affects academic levelD.the research shows that the children aged 6 to 18 don9t do sports2.Which of the following is TRUE?A.Being mentally active is good for academic subjects.B.The more hormones you have, the more stressed you will get.C.The researchers have found many high-quality studies to prove the research.D.The educators in some countries think studies, not exercise, mean much to students.3.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 probably means_______.A.good marks result from high-quality study B.findings are probably different in different areasC.physical activity will spread all over the world D.academic performance depends on the surroundings4.What's the purpose of writing the passage?A.To call our attention to the sports at school. B.To introduce all types of physical activities.C.To represent the academic performance. D.To improve students' health.Ⅱ. 七選五Staying focused (專注) can help you complete studying for a test or your work an hour early. There are various practical steps to help you focus better.
    ①               Whether you’re doing work in your office or studying at home, having a clean space can help you focus and get your work done with more attention. Remove what can attract you from your work or the task.
    Make a to-do list. If you list all the things to do, however small, you will feel more successful when you check those items off your list. ②
    Give yourself a certain time for each task. Managing your time goes hand in hand with your to-do list. Write down how long it’ll take you to finish each task on the list. For example, you could write:    “ Go over the notes： 30 minutes. Do the homework： 2 hours. ③????????????? Then, try to complete each task within each given time.
    Make time for breaks during the day. You should take at least a 5 - 10 minute break for every hour of work, or a 3 - 5 minute break for every half an hour of work. ④             Take breaks in a place where you won’t be troubled，so that you can relax your mind. ⑤                  Sometimes you can also look out of the window, take a short walk outside, or just walk up a few stairs. These short breaks will make you more energetic to return to your work.
A. Setting a goal will do good to you.
B. Organize your workplace.
C. Ifs not easy to get yourself better focused.
D. Prepare for the new lesson ： 25 minutes.
E. You may regularly get up during your breaks.
F. This will also keep you focused on one task at a time.
G. A break will prepare your mind for the next task ahead.
答案以及解析Ⅰ.閱讀理解答案：BDBA解析：1.B主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，另外一項(xiàng)研究顯示體育活動(dòng)可以幫助學(xué)生在課堂上表現(xiàn)得更好， 能夠取得更好的成績。文章對這一研究發(fā)現(xiàn)展開了詳細(xì)說 明。故B項(xiàng)正確。2.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段前兩句可知，正是因 為一些教育者正在減少體育教育的時(shí)間，而把更多的時(shí)間用在了專業(yè)'性更強(qiáng)的數(shù)學(xué)或閱讀等學(xué)科，人們才進(jìn)行了這項(xiàng)研究。故D項(xiàng)正確。3. B句意理解題。根據(jù)畫線句前兩句可知，研究人員認(rèn)為他們只進(jìn)行了兩次高質(zhì)量的研究，還需要更多的研究來證實(shí)這個(gè)理論。也許在其他地方的研究會(huì)得出不同的結(jié)果。故B項(xiàng)正確。4. A寫作意圖題。根據(jù)最后一段前兩句可知，參加體育活動(dòng)對學(xué)生有很大的好處，學(xué)校在減少體育課程之前要三思而后行。呼吁我們要重視體育教育。故A項(xiàng)正確。Ⅱ. 七選五答案：1.B  2.F  3.D  4.G  5.E解析：1.B 考查段落主題句。根據(jù)本段中“having a clean space (有一個(gè)干凈的空間）”和 “Remove what can attract you from your work or the task.(從你的工作或任務(wù)中移除 那些能吸引你的東西。）”可知，這一段主題句為：組織你 的工作區(qū)。故選B項(xiàng)。
2. F  根據(jù)前句 “If you list all the things to do, however small, you will feel more successful when you check those items off your list.(如果你列出所有要做的事情，無 論多么小，當(dāng)你把這些事情從清單上劃掉時(shí)，你會(huì)感覺更 成功。）”可知，這也會(huì)讓你一次專注于一項(xiàng)任務(wù)。故選 F項(xiàng)。
3. D  根據(jù)主題句 “Give yourself a certain time for each task.(給自己一個(gè)特定的時(shí)間來完成每項(xiàng)任務(wù)。）” 和后面的舉例 “Go over the notes: 30 minutes. Do the homework: 2 hours.”可知，這里接著前面的內(nèi)容舉例， Prepare for the new lesson: 25 minutes.(準(zhǔn)備新課:25 分 鐘。）故選D項(xiàng)。
4. G  根據(jù)前句 “You should take at least a 5 -10 minute break for every hour of work, or a 3 - 5 minute break for every half an hour of work.” 可知，每工作一小時(shí) 休息5到10分鐘，或者每工作半小時(shí)休息3到5分鐘。所 以休息一下會(huì)讓你為接下來的任務(wù)做好準(zhǔn)備。故選G項(xiàng)。
5. E  根據(jù)后句 “Sometimes you can also look out of the window, take a short walk outside, or just walk up a few stairs.(有時(shí)你也可以看看窗外，在外面散散步，或者 只是走上幾級樓梯。）”可知，這些活動(dòng)都是站起來的，所 以休息時(shí)也可以經(jīng)常站起來活動(dòng)活動(dòng)。故選E項(xiàng)。

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