英語必修第一冊Unit 3 Getting along with others課文配套ppt課件-課件下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

Grammar and usage
Restrictive relative clauses with relative prnuns
Cmpare the fllwing sentences and read them alud.
(1) Peple have clse friends. Peple naturally enjy their cmpany. Peple wh have clse friends naturally enjy their cmpany.
(2) He is rich enugh. He has true friends. He is rich enugh wh has true friends.
(3) Friendship is a precius wealth. One searches fr it all his life. Friendship is a precius wealth (that) ne searches fr all his life.
Explring the rules
Read a magazine article in Part A n Page 34 and find ut the restrictive relative clauses with relative prnuns.
1. A real friend is smene wh walks in when the rest f the wrld walks ut.2. A real friend is smene whse supprt we can cunt n.3. A real friend is smene wh sees ur true self, nt just the face that we shw t the wrld.
4. … the mdern tls that keep us cnnected are eating away at the meaning f friendship.5. Scial media like blgs has cme between us and the friends whm we lve.6. “Sharing” ur experiences n scial media is nt enugh t express the values which matter mst t us.7. “Linking” ur friends’ phts nline des nt develp the cnnectin which we share.
The girl wh is in red is my sister.
the antecedent
( )
the restrictive relative clauses
the relative prnun
the main clause
Cmbine the fllwing sentences using relative clauses.(1) The trees are in frnt f the library. They have lst their leaves.
The trees which are in frnt f the library have lst their leaves.
“Which” functins as the subject in the relative clause.
(2) We saw the wrker just nw. He is the best engineer in ur factry.
The wrker (whm) we saw just nw is the best engineer in ur factry.
“Whm” functins as the bject in the relative clause.
We can leave ut “wh” “whm” “which” and “that” when they are the bjects in the relative clause.
(3) It used t be a farm. It is n lnger a farm.
It is n lnger the farm that it used t be.
“That” functins as the predicative in the relative clause.
(4) He has a sister. I can’t remember her name.
He has a sister whse name I can’t remember.
“Whse” functins as the attributive in the relative clause.
Applying the rules
Finish the table belw.
Finish “Wrking ut the rules” n Page 34.
? A restrictive relative clause mdifies a nun，prnun r nun phrase befre it. We use relative prnuns r relative adverbs t intrduce restrictive relative clauses.? We use（1）　　　　fr things，and（2）　　　　and whm fr peple. We can use（3）　　　　fr bth things and peple. We use（4）　　　t shw pssessin.
1. In sme cases, nly “that” can be used as the relative prnuns while “which” r “wh” can’t. They are:(1) When the antecedent is an indefinite prnun such as “all, everything, nthing, smething, anything, little, much”. e.g. I’m sure she has smething (that) yu want.
(2) When the antecedent is a nun r nun phrase with such determiners as “all, every, n, sme, any, little, much”. e.g. I have read all the bks (that) yu wrte.
(3) When the antecedent takes a premdifier in the superlative degree r an rdinal numeral. e.g. This is the best mvie (that) I have ever seen.
(4) When the antecedent is a nun r nun phrase mdified by “the nly, the very, the same, the last, the right”. e.g. This is the very bk (that) I’m lking fr.
(5) When the antecedent includes bth persns and things. e.g. D yu knw the persns and things (that) they are talking abut?
(6) When the main clause begins with “which” r “wh”. Which is the dress (that) yu like best? Wh is the girl that wn the gld medal?
(7) When the antecedent functins as the predicative in the relative clause. e.g. My hmetwn is n lnger the village that it used t be.
2. After a prepsitin, the relative prnun can nly be “which” r “whm”.
The park is a place which/that I ften g t. = The park is a place t which I ften g.This is the wman the daughter f whm is a famus teacher. = This is the wman whse daughter is a famus teacher.
We have three freign teachers, tw f whm are frm Canada.The ld man has tw sns, bth f whm are dctrs.He spent fur years in cllege, during which time he studied cmputer science.
3. The relative prnun after “the way” can be “that” “in which” r n relative prnun. e.g. I dn’t like the way (that/in which) yu talk t me.
1. Rewrite the sentences using restrictive relative clauses in Part B1 n Page 35.
1　Cmmn interests prvide rich grund. Many friendships grw frm rich grund.Cmmn interests prvide rich grund 　　　　　　　　.2　When friends’ cmmunicatin is warm and pen，friendships grw best.Friendships grw best between friends 　　　　　　　　.3　Friendships are like flwers. These flwers need t be taken gd care f. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Friendships are like flwers 　　　　　　　　.4　A relatinship with a true friend will surely prduce fruit. Yu can cunt n a true friend.A relatinship with a true friend 　　　　　　　　will surely prduce fruit.5　Yu have been helped by thers. T make friends，yu shuld help thers in the same way.T make friends，yu shuld help thers the way 　　　　　　　　.
frm which many friendships grw
whse cmmunicatin is warm and pen　
which/that need t be taken gd care f　
（whm/that/wh）yu can cunt n　
（in which/that）yu have been helped
2. Cmplete the passage in B2 with crrect relative prnuns where necessary.
In Mark Twain’s Adventures f Huckleberry Finn，the friendship（1）　　　frms between Huck Finn and Jim is an imprtant theme f the bk，thugh they appear t be an unlikely pair. Huck is a pr white by（2）　　　　father ften beats him，while Jim is a black （3）　　　　lngs t be free. One day，Huck runs away frm hme t an island. There he meets Jim and makes friends with him. Then they leave the island tgether n a raft（4 ）　　　　they find n the Mississippi River. They head nrth t Illinis，a state in （5）　　　Jim can becme free. The high pint f the stry cmes when Huck is faced with the decisin f whether t hand Jim ver t sme slave catchers. In the end，Huck decides that Jim is a friend（6）　　　　he needs and values，and refuses t give him up. Frm this stry we can see that friends are peple（7）_________　　　　supprt yu thrugh thick and thin.
that/which　
which/that/ 不填　
whm/that/wh/ 不填　
3. Wrk in pairs t describe a classmate f yurs, using relative clauses where necessary. Then share yur descriptins in class withut telling the name f the persn wh is described and let the ther students guess wh yu are talking abut.
單元語法關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句1 限制性定語從句概述：在復(fù)合句中作定語，修飾主句或主句中某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。限制性定語從句是定語從句的分支。限制性定語從句表現(xiàn)為在意義上是先行詞不可缺少的定語，若省略，所修飾主句的內(nèi)容就不完整或失去意義，和主句的關(guān)系十分密切，不可用逗號分開。先行詞是被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞；關(guān)系詞是引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞，并代替先行詞在從句中作一定的句子成分。構(gòu)成：
觀察定語從句體會其作用1. D yu knw the man that/wh is waiting utside?2. He shwed me the phts（that/which） he tk n his trip t Xi’an.3. Simn is the pr man whse car has been stlen.(1) 例句1中的黑體詞在定語從句中作　　　　，不可省略。(2) 例句2中的黑體詞在定語從句中作　　　　，可以省略。(3) 例句3中的黑體詞在定語從句中作　　　　。
2 定語從句的先行詞及關(guān)系代詞Gd helps thse wh/that help themselves. 上帝幫助自強的人。This is the factry which/that we nce visited.這是我們曾經(jīng)參觀過的工廠。There came a lt f children，mst f whm I didn’t knw.來了許多孩子，大多數(shù)我都不認識。That’s the man whse huse has burned dwn.那就是那個房屋燒毀的人。
【誤區(qū)警示】（1）在定語從句中作動詞賓語時或介詞后用 whm，不用 wh，口語中 whm 前無介詞時可用 that 或 wh 代替。（2）關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語時，通?？梢允÷?。The man（whm/wh/that）yu saw just nw is ur manager.你剛才看見的男子是我們的經(jīng)理。（3）whse既可以指人也可以指物，既可以說“某人的”，也可以說“某物的”。I dn’t want t pay fr the bk whse cver is lst.我不想為這本沒有封面的書付款。
單句語法填空(1)Is this the bk which yur father bught fr yu? ___________　　　(2) Wh is the man that is speaking t yur mther? ___________(3)They rushed ver t help the man whse car had brken dwn. __________ 　　　用定語從句合并句子(4) This is the huse. Lu Xun nce lived in the huse.→ This is the huse ____________________________________________.(5) The by is Tm. The by is studying in the classrm.→ The by _______________________________________ is Tm.單句語法填空(6)— D yu knw everyne ____________came t the party?— N，I dn’t knw the ne ________________yu had a lng talk with.(7) ［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ I admire my classmates __________ English is gd.(8) The reprt ______________will be given tmrrw is imprtant t us.
that/which Lu Xun nce lived in
that/wh is studying in the classrm
whm/wh/that
3 關(guān)系代詞 that 與 which 的區(qū)別用 that 而不用 which 的情況（1）先行詞是不定代詞或被不定代詞修飾。（2）先行詞是序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級或被其修飾。（3）先行詞前有 the very，the nly 等修飾。（4）先行詞既有人也有物。（5）先行詞前有疑問代詞 which 時。（6）there be 句型中，句子的主語是先行詞而且又是指物的名詞。（7）先行詞為主句的表語或關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語。
用 which 的情況（1）引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。（先行詞和后面的定語從句被逗號隔開）Paper-cutting，which is a traditinal art frm in ur cuntry，dates frm the Han Dynasty.剪紙可追溯到漢朝，它是我們國家的傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形式。（2）在定語從句中作介詞的賓語，且介詞位于關(guān)系代詞前時。This is the bk fr which I paid five dllars.這就是我花 5 美元買的那本書?！緦W(xué)法點撥】學(xué)習(xí)語法（定語從句）時，我們不要為太多的規(guī)則所累，要學(xué)會抓住其核心知識，如關(guān)系代詞 that 和 which 的區(qū)別，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，that的用法多于 which，因此我們只要謹記 which 的特殊用法，自然就不會用錯。
單句語法填空(1) Is there anything 　　　　　I can d fr yu?(2) I like the very methd 　　　　　she uses t learn English.(3) Wh was the wman 　　　　　yu were talking with?(4) Maybe yu have a habit　　　　　is driving yur family crazy.(5)In the end，she decided t sell the huse 　　　　　windws were almst all brken.(6)This is the mst interesting stry 　　　　　I have ever read.(7) I’m really interested in all　　　　　yu have said.(8) Here is the bk abut 　　　　　I tld yu yesterday.(9)When peple talk abut the cities f China，the first 　　　　　cmes int their mind is Beijing.(10) ［詞匯復(fù) 現(xiàn)］ Tm has the gd qualities f kindness and hnesty，　　　　　is whathis parents expect.
Language pints
核心詞匯教材原句p.34 A real friend is smene whse supprt we can cunt n.真正的朋友是我們可以依靠的人。 1 cunt n 依賴，依靠，指望（=depend/rely n)Yu can cunt n me. 你可以指望我。 I can cunt n my best friend t help me.我可以指望我最好的朋友來幫我?！練w納拓展】cunt up 計算，算出總數(shù) cunt in 把……計算在內(nèi)，把……作為參加者算進去 cunt ut 不把……考慮或計算在內(nèi)Will yu please cunt up these figures fr me?請你替我把這些數(shù)字加起來好嗎？There were fifty-tw persns present，cunting in the babies.在場的共有五十二個人，包括嬰兒在內(nèi)。
單句語法填空(1)The whle team cunt 　　　　　Cristian Rnald，and he seldm lets them dwn.(2) I’m cunting n yu 　　　　　（be）n my side!(3) G and see hw many desks we have，but dn’t cunt 　　　　　these brken nes.(4) Cunt 　　　　　all ur mney and see if we have enugh fr the adventure.完成句子(5) That was the nly thing 　　　　　　　　　　（他們可以指望的）.(6)Dn’t 　　　　　　　　　?。ò阉阍趦?nèi)）.
（that）they culd cunt n
cunt him in
教材原句p.34 Yet these days , the mdern tls that keep us cnnected are eating away at the meaning f friendship . 然而如今，讓我們保持聯(lián)系的現(xiàn)代工具正在侵蝕友誼的意義。eat away at 腐蝕，侵蝕，逐漸破壞eat away 連續(xù)不斷地吃　　　　　eat in 在家吃飯；在學(xué)校就餐eat ut 在外吃飯，下館子　　　　eat up 吃光；耗費；吞沒；使苦惱If a bad memry r feeling eats away at smene，it makes them feel mre and mre unhappy. 如果糟糕的記憶或感覺侵蝕了一個人，它使他們感到越來越不快樂。Eat away，children；yu are welcme t all yu want.吃吧，孩子們；盡情地吃吧。Tm was really hungry and ate up everything served.湯姆確實餓壞了，把端到桌上的東西吃得精光。
單句語法填空(1) The sea has been eating away 　　　　this cliff（懸崖）fr centuries.(2) Be a gd by and eat 　　　　yur vegetables.(3)Dn’t eat 　　　　the classrm.(4)They have been eating 　　　　fr mre than three hurs.(5) ［詞匯復(fù) 現(xiàn)］ I feel like eating 　　　　tday. What abut yu?
教材原句p.34 T make friends a real part f ur lives， we shuld put dwn ur smartphnes and meet them in persn . 為了讓朋友成為我們生活中真實的一部分，我們應(yīng)該放下智能手機和他們親自見面。in persn 親自，親身（= persnally）He will attend the meeting in persn. 他將親自參加會議?！練w納拓展】in the persn f 以……的身份；代表……be ne’s wn persn 做自己喜歡的事；保持自己的喜好He is in the persn f his father fr the banquet.他以他父親的名義赴宴。Being yur wn persn releases yur creativity.保持自己的本色才有助于發(fā)揮自身創(chuàng)造力。
單句語法填空(1)If yu can’t be there 　　　　　persn，the next best thing is watching it n TV.(2) The manager slved the difficult prblem 　　　　?。╬ersnal）.(3) He spke in the persn 　　　　　Xinhua News Agency（新華社）.完成句子(4)Yu had better 　　　　　　　　　?。ㄓH自向他求助）.
turn t him fr help in persn
重點句式教材原句p.34 T make friends a real part f ur lives， we shuld put dwn ur smartphnes and meet them in persn . 為了讓朋友成為我們生活中真實的一部分，我們應(yīng)該放下智能手機和他們親自見面?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪涫褂昧?T make friends a real part f ur lives 不定式短語作目的狀語。動詞不定式不定式作為非謂語動詞，在句子中除了不能作謂語外，其他成分基本都可以充當（作狀語、定語、主語、賓語、表語、賓補等）I raised my vice t make myself heard.我提高了嗓門以便讓別人聽到我的話。（作狀語）I’ve gt much wrk t d. 我有很多工作要做。（作定語）T see is t believe. 眼見為實。（作主語，作表語）He didn’t even bther t say thank yu.他甚至連說一聲謝謝都不肯。（作賓語）
With s much wrk t d，I can’t g n hliday.有這么多工作要做，我不能去度假。（作賓語補足語）It’s wrthwhile t cnsider the matter.這件事值得考慮。（it 作形式主語，不定式作真正主語）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］He makes it a rule never t brrw mney. 他定下一個規(guī)矩，絕不向人借錢。（it 作形式賓語，不定式作真正賓語）【誤區(qū)警示】不定式作狀語常作目的狀語，也可作結(jié)果狀語（往往指不好的，出乎意料的結(jié)果）。He hurried t get t the statin，t find the train gne.他匆忙趕到車站，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經(jīng)走了。（作結(jié)果狀語）
單句語法填空(1) ［詞匯復(fù) 現(xiàn)］ I’m ging t take advantage f this tur 　　　　?。╡xplre）the histry f the castle（城堡）.(2) He is always the first 　　　　?。╟me）and the last　　　　（leave）.(3) ［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ With a lt f hmewrk 　　　　?。╠），I decided nt t watch the perfrmance with yu.(4) There was a time when Anne was s crazy abut everything 　　　　?。╠）with nature.(5) ［2018·北京卷］ She and her family bicycle 　　　　?。╳rk），which helps them keep fit.(6) Finally，I’d like 　　　　　（express） my sincere thanks t all thse wh have helped me.完成句子(7) ［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］ This place is s heavily plluted. It is time fr us 　　　　　　　　　?。ú扇〈胧﹖ prtect the envirnment.(8) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?。榱粟s上第一班公交車），we are t get up earlier.
t take measures
T catch the first bus

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