閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
A
[2022·昆明市高三“三診一?！盷
Natinal Petry Cmpetitin
Still lking fr inspiratin t create cmpetitin winning pems? Our 2020 writing guides are here t help!
Prgramme Details
Running alngside the 2020 Natinal Petry Cmpetitin, The Petry Sciety has presented a series f writing guides by previus winners. Yu can select frm a guide by Ella Frears n pems that explre the unknwn, a guide by Pascale Petit, fcusing n nature writing, a guide by Eric Berlin lking at pems where the speakers' viewpints take sudden turns, and a guide by Matthew Caley n pems that use lightness t great effect.
2019 Winners
First prize: Susannah Hart fr “Reading the Child Prtectin and Safeguarding Plicy”．
Secnd prize: Ann Pelletier fr “Granddaughter Mves In”．
Third prize: Natalie Linh Blderstn fr “Middle Name with Diacritics”．
Petry Themes
Thanks fr entering. If yu have any questins, please email supprt@．
1．Wh aims at writing abut nature?
A．Ella Frears. B．Pascale Petit.
C.Eric Berlin. D．Matthew Caley.
2．Which f the fllwing wn ￡2，000 as an award in 2019?
A.Water, water, everywhere.
B.Middle Name with Diacritics.
C.Granddaughter Mves In.
D.Reading the Child Prtectin Plicy.
3．When did the petry theme prbably fcus n a family?
A.In 2020. B．In 2016.
C.In 2012. D．In 2010.
B
[2022·洛陽市第三次統(tǒng)一考試]Have yu ever lved a destinatin but culdn't figure ut why—r even a way—t express yur feelings? That's my dilemma with Mrcc.
In August, I traveled in a cuntry that had lng been n my wish list. I rde a camel, gt lst in Medina, and ate a lt f cuscus (蒸粗麥粉).
I lved the trip. Our friendly guide intrduced us t the helpful lcals. I made friends with my tur mates and my rmmate (which, n a tur, is a huge blessing). I lved being lst in the smell f different spices, and the chas f millins f peple and the dark red f the Sahara were all I wanted them t be.
There were many mments when I felt like a fish ut f water and things didn't g my way. But I take pleasure in thse mments because it's when yu are pushed ut f yur cmfrt zne that yu grw. Mrcc lived up t all my expectatins, but fr sme reasn, my experience has been hard t express. Why?
One cnstant in my travels is that f a tuchstne, ne defining pint where the trip all cmes tgether and acts as a prism (三棱鏡) fr everything the jurney represented. In Csta Rica, it was getting lst in a jungle. In Thailand, it was meeting thse five peple wh changed my life.
I'm s incnsistent abut Mrcc because I lack that tuchstne. There's n big “wha” mment. But I have thusands f little nes—staring at a millin stars in the blackness f the desert, discvering new fds with sme amazing Australians n my tur, and befriending the fish sellers.
4．What des the authr regard as a huge blessing?
A.Ging n a guided trip.
B.Having a helpful guide.
C.Being warmly received by the lcal peple.
D.Getting alng well with the fellw travelers.
5．What's the purpse f the fifth paragraph?
A.T prve Mrcc lacks the tuchstne.
B.T shw his reliance n the tuchstne.
C.T cmpare Mrcc with Csta Rica and Thailand.
D.T share his experience in Csta Rica and Thailand.
6．What made the authr think the jurney amazing?
A.Lack f big mments.
B.The little “wha” mments.
C.Meeting with five Thai peple.
D.Making friends with Australians.
7．What des the authr mainly talk abut?
A.Unpleasant travel in Mrcc.
B.Finding a tuchstne n travel.
C.Reflectin n traveling in Mrcc.
D.Lack f special mments in Mrcc.
C
[2022·泉州市高三質量監(jiān)測(一)]When I wrked n the manufacturing shp (車間) flr, we rarely saw plant managers, except fr ne. He ften walked thrugh the plant. He checked ut prduct quality. He stpped fr a brief wrd—usually n mre than a “hell”. He wasn't utging. He didn't display any f the qualities typically assciated with a “l(fā)eader”. Yet we liked him.
In a study f University f Pittsburgh in 1992, researchers had fur wmen attend a number f different classes. Their attendance varied: ne wman might attend every class; a different wman might attend nly a few. What didn't vary was their behavir. Nne f the wmen spke in class r spke t ther students.
At the end f the term, students were asked which wman they liked best. Wh “wn”？ Wmen wh attended the highest number f classes. Accrding t the researchers, “Mere expsure had weak effects n familiarity, but strng effects n attractin and similarity.” Or in nn-researcher-wrds: If I see yu frequently, I naturally like yu mre. That's the pwer f shwing up.
Knwing smene will shw up in the future als matters. In a 1967 University f Minnesta's study, researchers gave study participants prfiles f tw peple and tld them that ne wuld be a partner in future discussin grups. When asked, the participants said they liked their future partner mre. Even thugh the prfiles were almst identical.
Want yur team r yur custmers t like yu mre? Shw up. Drp in. Drp by. Send a brief nte.Make a quick phne call. Yu dn't have t say r d much. Then be cnsistent in yur behavir. In time, peple will expect yu t drp in r drp by, whether in persn r virtually. Anticipating future cntact will make them like yu mre.
8．What des the first paragraph serve as?
A.An intrductin. B．A backgrund.
C.A cmment. D．An explanatin.
9．Accrding t the 1992 study, what helps make a student welcme?
A.Answering questins frequently.
B.Greeting thers enthusiastically.
C.Behaving mre like thers.
D.Attending classes mre ften.
10．What did the University f Minnesta's study find?
A.Familiarity cntributes t likability.
B.Identical behaviur enhances likability.
C.Future partnership increases likability.
D.Virtual cntact benefits likability.
11．What is the text mainly abut?
A.The pwer f likability.
B.Research n likability.
C.The definitin f likability.
D.The applicatin f likability.
D
[2022·惠州高三第一次調(diào)研考試試題]When yu walk n a sandy beach, it takes mre energy than striding dwn a sidewalk—because the weight f yur bdy pushes int the sand. As it turns ut, the same thing is true fr vehicles driving n rads. The weight f the vehicles creates a very shallw indentatin (凹陷) in the pavement (路面) and this makes it like cntinuusly driving up a very shallw hill.
Jeremy Gregry, a sustainability scientist at M．I.T. and his team mdeled hw much energy culd be saved—and hw much greenhuse gases culd be avided—by simply stiffening (使變硬) the natin's rads and highways. And they fund that stiffening 10 percent f the natin's rads every year culd prevent 440 megatns f carbn dixide equivalent emissins ver the next five decades—enugh t ffset half a percent f prjected transprtatin sectr emissins ver that time perid. T put thse emissin savings int cntext—that amunt is equivalent t hw much CO2 yu'd spare the planet by keeping a billin barrels f il in the grund—r by grwing seven billin trees—fr a decade.
The results are in the Transprtatin Research Recrd.
As fr hw t stiffen rads? Gregry says yu culd mix a small number f synthetic fibers r carbn nantubes int paving materials. Or yu culd pave with cement-based cncrete, which is stiffer than asphalt (瀝青).
This system culd als be a way t shave carbn emissins withut sme f the usual hurdles. Usually, when it cmes t reducing emissins in the transprtatin sectr, yu're talking abut changing plicies related t vehicles and als driver behavir, which invlves millins and millins f peple—as ppsed t changing the way we design and maintain ur pavements. That's just n the rder f thusands f peple wh are wrking in transprtatin agencies. And when it cmes t retrfitting(翻新) ur streets and highways—thse__agencies__are__where__the__rubber__meets__the__rad.
12．Why des the authr mentin “walk n a sandy beach” in Paragraph 1?
A.T present a fact.
B.T make a cntrast.
C.T explain a rule.
D.T share an experience.
13．What suggestin des the authr give t reduce CO2 emissins?
A.Hardening the rad.
B.Keeping il in the grund.
C.Grwing trees fr decades.
D.Imprving the transprtatin.
14．What is the advantage f this suggestin?
A.Gaining mre supprt.
B.Cnsuming less mney.
C.Invlving mre peple.
D.Facing fewer usual bstacles.
15．What des the underlined part mean in the last paragraph?
A.Thse agencies are likely t make mre rules.
B.Thse agencies will change sme related plicies.
C.Thse agencies might put mre rubber tires n the rads.
D.Thse agencies will play a key rle in making this happen.
第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
[2022·南京市、鹽城市高三二模]
Rules fr Being the Age Yu Are
If yu have recently entered that perid f life knwn as middle age, the building years f yur life will be ver, and what yu are nw is pretty much what yu are ging t be. Sn it will be what yu were. Yu can n lnger tell yurself that yu might mve t Lisbn, learn Prtuguese, and take up the guitar. __1__
D nt just give peple credit. __2__Here's a funny thing I've learned: N matter hw many times yu hear them, the wrds “Yu are amazing, and here's why” never g ut f style.
Give yurself permissin t be bad. Yu knw what yu're really gd at? Things yu've dne many times befre. Mastery is bredm. Unfrtunately we enjy feeling like masters. __3__ We keep urselves bred t prtect urselves frm feeling stupid.
__4__Nine times ut f ten, yu'll be bred and g hme early. But the tenth time, yu will have a wrthy experience t meet an interesting persn. It will make up fr thse ther wasted hurs.
D that thing yu want t d right nw. I mean, literally, pause reading this clumn, pick up the phne, and bk that skydiving sessin. RIGHT NOW. Dn't put it ff until yu have the time t really relax and enjy it. __5__It's highly pssible that yu wn't be able t enjy it. I will never frgive myself fr passing up a chance t g t trapeze (高空秋千，吊架) schl in my late 20s.
A.Always d it later.
B.We hate feeling like fls.
C.G hme as late as pssible.
D.Tell them exactly hw fantastic they are.
E.G t the party even when yu dn't want t.
F.That wuld be apprximately three decades frm nw.
G.But a set f simple rules can guide yu thrugh the rest f the way.
課下天天練（十九） 40分閱讀提分練
第一節(jié)
A
語篇類型：應用文 主題語境：人與社會——教育文化活動——全國詩歌比賽
【語篇解讀】 本文主要介紹了2020年“全國詩歌比賽”活動的細節(jié)，2019年獲獎者名單，2009到2020年詩歌主題等內(nèi)容。
1．答案與解析：B 考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)Prgramme Details部分第二句中的“a guide by Pascale Petit, fcusing n nature writing”可知，Pascale Petit關注的主題是自然，故B項正確。
2．答案與解析：C 考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞as an award in 2019定位至2019 Winners部分，結合本文上方圖片左側的二等獎資金2 000英鎊可知，Granddaughter Mves In獲得二等獎，資金為2 000英鎊，故C項正確。
3．答案與解析：D 考查理解具體信息的能力。由題干關鍵詞the petry theme和a family定位至Petry Themes部分中的“2010 Hme”，據(jù)此可知，2010年的全國詩歌比賽的主題是與家庭有關，故D項正確。
B
語篇類型：記敘文 主題語境：人與自我——生活經(jīng)歷——旅游感受
【語篇解讀】 作者講述了自己對摩洛哥之行的感想。與以往的旅行不同，作者表達不出喜歡這次旅行的原因。在這次旅行中作者交了很多朋友，也有很多驚喜和收獲。
4．答案與解析：D 考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第三段中的“I made friends with my tur mates and my rmmate （which, n a tur, is a huge blessing）”可知，作者把與同行的人相處得很好看作巨大的好事。故D項正確。
5．答案與解析：B 考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)第四段最后一句、第五段和第六段前兩句可知，作者對摩洛哥之行的感受難以準確地被表達出來，因為摩洛哥之行缺乏哥斯達黎加之行和泰國之行那樣的標準。由此可推斷，第五段的主要目的是說明作者依賴于自己的旅行標準。故B項正確。
6．答案與解析：B 考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)最后一段可知，作者認為摩洛哥沒有令人非常驚喜的重要時刻，但有許多微小的時刻，例如：在黑暗的沙漠中看星星；和一些令人驚奇的澳大利亞人一起發(fā)現(xiàn)新的食物；和賣魚者交上了朋友等。由此推斷，令作者認為這次旅行讓人驚嘆的原因并不是“大驚喜”而是那些“小驚喜”，故B項正確。
7．答案與解析：C 考查理解文章主旨要義的能力。通讀全文以及第一段最后一句“That's my dilemma with Mrcc”可知，本文主要講述的是作者對自己的摩洛哥之旅的感想，故C項正確。
C
語篇類型：說明文 主題語境：人與社會——研究發(fā)現(xiàn)——露面會增加人的受喜愛度
【語篇解讀】 本文以工廠經(jīng)理經(jīng)常露面于是更受喜愛為例，引出對受喜愛度的研究。研究表明，經(jīng)常露面會增加一個人的受喜愛度。所以要想人喜歡你，你就應該經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在他面前。
8．答案與解析：A 考查理解文章結構、類型的能力。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，工廠經(jīng)理經(jīng)常露面，增加了受喜愛度，再結合第二、三段介紹關于受喜愛度的研究可知，第一段起到了對“受喜愛度”研究的引入作用。故A項正確。
9．答案與解析：D 考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)第三段中的“Wmen wh attended the highest number f classes”可知，去聽課最多的女士最受喜愛。由此可知，經(jīng)常去聽課可使一個學生受歡迎。故D項正確。
10．答案與解析：C 考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，在被告知其中一人將來要成為小組成員的情況下，受訪者都更喜愛未來的合作伙伴。由此可知，未來的伙伴關系會增加受喜愛度。故C項正確。
11．答案與解析：B 考查理解文章主旨要義的能力。本文通過調(diào)查研究告訴我們：去聽課多的女±更受喜愛；未來的伙伴更受喜愛。所以想要讓人更喜歡你，就要經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在他面前。故本文的主要內(nèi)容是關于受喜愛度的研究。故B項正確。
[干擾項分析] 本題考生易錯選A項?？忌鶕?jù)第三段中的“That's the pwer f shwing up”誤認為本文主要講述的是露面的力量。但是關于聽課多少的調(diào)查是為了研究受喜愛度的問題。并且，這也是三個例子中的其中一個，故不能概括全文，故A項錯誤。C項和D項均不符合本文中心內(nèi)容。
D
語篇類型：說明文 主題語境：人與自然——環(huán)保——節(jié)能減排的新方法
【語篇解讀】 科學家們發(fā)現(xiàn)通過增加道路的硬度可以減少二氧化碳的排放量從而達到節(jié)能減排的效果，實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展；而且這種新的方法相對于以前的方法而言，更易于實現(xiàn)。
12．答案與解析：C 考查理解目的的能力。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“As it turns n rads”可知，作者是以“walk n a sandy beach”為例來解釋要說明的話題，因此選C。
13．答案與解析：A 考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Jeremy and highways”可知答案。
14．答案與解析：D 考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)第五段中的“This system usual hurdles”可知答案，其中的hurdles與選項D中的bstacles含義相對應。
15．答案與解析：D 考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“That's transprtatin agencies”可推知，翻新和改造道路需要聽從這些人的命令才能得以實施和完成，所以這些人起到至關重要的作用。故選D。
第二節(jié)
語篇類型：說明文 主題語境：人與自我——生活與學習——適用于中年年齡的規(guī)則
【語篇解讀】 本文介紹了四條適用于中年年齡的規(guī)則，包括不要只是單純地贊揚別人，做你現(xiàn)在就想做的事等。
1．答案與解析：G 考查上下文銜接。由空處所在位置可知，空處承上啟下。下文列舉了幾條規(guī)則，與G項中的“a set f simple rules”相呼應，代入G項，符合語境，因此選G。
2．答案與解析：D 考查上下文銜接。本段主旨句表述不要只是單純地贊揚別人，與選項D“精確地告訴他們他們有多棒”相呼應，因此選D。
3．答案與解析：B 考查上下文銜接。空前一句指出不幸的是，我們總是喜歡成為大師，與選項B“我們不喜歡成為愚者”相呼應，同時空后的“prtect urselves frm feeling stupid”也是提示。
4．答案與解析：E 考查段落主旨句。此空為段首句，結合文章結構可知，空處作本段的主旨句。本段主要講了多次去聚會后總有一次會有收獲。因此選E項。
5．答案與解析：F 考查上下文銜接。此空為過渡句，空前一句表述不要把你想做的事情推遲到你有時間真正放松和享受它的時候才去做，而空后一句表述極有可能，你就不再能享受它，F(xiàn)項中的That指代上文中的the time，F(xiàn)項意為“這個時間大約會是三十年以后”，符合語境，銜接上下文。
YEAR
THEME
YEAR
THEME
2009
Heres and herines
2015
Light
2010
Hme
2016
Messages
2011
Games
2017
Freedm
2012
Stars
2018
Change
2013
Water, water，
everywhere
2019
Truth
2014
Remember
2020
Visin

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