押北京卷 01-10題完形填空 -備戰(zhàn)2022年高考英語臨考題號押題（北京卷）-試卷下載-教習網(wǎng)

?押北京卷第01—10題
完形填空

完形填空題的特點是篇幅小，題量大，分值高，詞數(shù)在200左右。完形填空在選材方面往往具有極強的時代意義和真切的現(xiàn)實意義。完形填空考查考生對語法、詞匯、習語、句型、搭配等基礎知識的綜合運用能力和短文的閱讀理解能力，靈活運用語言知識的能力并且根據(jù)試題內容進行正確的邏輯推理、綜合判斷和分析概括的能力。
文章命題特點：
1.從近幾年北京卷完形填空來看，已經不再考核語法方面的知識了，而是從語義搭配，結構搭配，慣用搭配及邏輯知識等方面來測試學生詞匯的掌握及運用。
2.短文長度200詞左右，生詞少，難度適中。
3.首句無空格，5―10詞設一空。人名、地名、日期、數(shù)字不在之列。隔詞數(shù)越少，題目越難；反之亦然。
4.選項多為一詞，偶爾為詞組。四個選項為同一類詞或屬同一范疇，或近義或形異義，或與前后配成詞組。故干擾性，迷惑性大。
5.考查單詞以實詞為主，虛詞為輔。實詞一般占80%―90%，其中又以動詞、名詞和形容詞為主。

一、整體瀏覽抓住主題
? 在做完形填空題前，首先要整體瀏覽，對全文快速閱讀一遍，了解文章的大意，掌握文章的主題，并留心文中的關鍵詞，了解這篇短文說什么，發(fā)生的時間、地點、文章的目的、作者的觀點與態(tài)度等，這對于做好完形填空題能起到事半功倍的效果。因此，了解文章的主題和大意就顯得十分重要。人們常說‘看書先看皮，看報先看題’，這是因為書的封面和報紙的標題都能傳達一本書和一篇文章的主題。但是完形填空題所選短文一般都是沒有標題的，那么要掌握文章的主題怎么辦。要找到文章的主題，首先要找到文章的主題句，因為主題句就能反映文章的主題。文章總是圍繞一定的主題展開的，而每一個段落則是說明主題的一個方面，概括了一個段落的中心思想的句子就是主題句。主題句常常出現(xiàn)在段首與段尾，在段首就是一段文章開頭的一兩句，在段尾就是文章的最后一句；因此瀏覽短文時，首先要細讀段首與段尾；比較起來，主題句位于段首的比例更高一些，所以，首段的第一句或最后一句往往是主題句，它就是引領整篇文章的主旨，是文章的靈魂，因此要抓住不放。作者要支持自己的觀點，那么第二段就是作者圍繞主題展開的正文。
?二、再讀全篇試填答案
許多考生都有這樣的經歷，做完形填空題時，一看到題目就做，結果自己感到很有把握的答案錯了，問題就是對短文的內容和結構沒有完整、清晰的了解和把握。因此讀第二遍就顯得很有必要，這樣就可以使考生對短文有更好的把握。在讀第二遍時，對于一眼就能看出的答案，不必糾纏，馬上就填入，對于那些看看有點像，但沒有把握的答案，可以開始試填，待看完第二遍時，再來看看試填的答案，如發(fā)現(xiàn)先前填得不對，這時應該及時更正，這時你就會比較有把握，也比較有信心了。
??三、瞻前顧后尋找關聯(lián)
? 我們在‘再讀全篇，試填答案’一節(jié)中所談的已涉及到＂瞻前顧后尋找關聯(lián)＂的某些含義，但側重＂試填＂；而我們將在這里側重談＂瞻前顧后尋找關聯(lián)＂。完形填空題的特點基于整個語篇的理解，不從單句入手，有時如果從某一個單句來理解，四個選項都可以填入，但從整個語篇來看，答案只有一個。一般來講，一個學生如果具有較高語言水平，較好的文化背景知識，史地及其他知識比較豐富的話，做該題型的困難就會比較少；可容忍被挖掉的詞就會多一些，反之亦然。但對于相同知識水平的學生來講，講究方法就尤其重要了。在做題目的時候，首先要對空格前后句子，然后對該空格相應的選項進行全面分析。通過＂瞻前顧后，尋找關聯(lián)＂來確定空格中的詞的詞性、意思、和功能。如果是功能性的空格，則要求學生填入虛詞即連詞、介詞、冠詞等，那么就應根據(jù)功能來選答案。如果是語法問題，那么就要考慮時態(tài)和語態(tài)是否符合上下文、主謂是否一致；如果是語義空格，那么則要求考生填入實詞即動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞等，那么就要通過上下文進行分析，根據(jù)文章的語義環(huán)境，做到＂瞻前顧后，尋找關聯(lián)＂，然后作出合理的判斷。
四、完形完義立足全局
??? ?做完形填空有兩個程序：一是完形（選擇選項，然后填補空白）；二是完義（閱讀短文，然后理解短文）。但是完形必須在完義的基礎上進行，也就是說首先要在閱讀理解短文的基礎上做好完形。完形必須服從完義，單句必須服從段落，段落必須服從全文，局部必須服從全局。因此，我們在做完形填空題時，不能讀一句做一句，更不能看到就填，這樣往往要出差錯。先從整體到局部完義，再從局部到整體完形，完形完義，立足全局。
五、復讀全文驗證答案
???? 我們做完形填空題的最后一道工序就是＂復讀全文驗證答案＂。題目做完以后，我們要把＂完形＂后的全文再讀一遍，看看是否＂完義＂，檢查自己對全文的理解是否準確，情節(jié)發(fā)展是否合理，全文前后上下是否符合邏輯，驗證自己完形的答案是否能使全文貫通流暢，如果讀起來流暢而通順，說明既完形又完義；反之，則說明我們對文章還沒有完全理解，也就是說雖然＂完形＂了，但還沒有＂完義＂，必須重新推敲已填答案。此外，還要從語法上看句子是否主謂一致，特別要注意非謂語動詞是否與主語一致，時態(tài)是否前后呼應，檢查動賓搭配，動詞、形容詞、名詞與介詞的搭配是否合理，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)問題，則要根據(jù)文章的主題思想、本句、本段和全文的上下文與邏輯關系，重新選擇選項；如果個別選項實在沒有把握，那就根據(jù)感覺猜一個，但決不能放棄?？傊?，我們要從完形和完義、語法和語義等方面進行推敲，修正錯誤，彌補疏漏，從而使自己的答案盡可能地接近或達到完美。

（2021·北京·高考真題）Recently，I took a trip home by train．I got a seat opposite a middle-aged man with sharp eyes，who kept____1____a young woman in a window seat with a little boy on her lap．The woman's eye fell on the man's face，and she immediately looked down and____2____her scarf．
As the night wore on，people began to close their eyes，but the seats were so uncomfortable that only a very heavy sleeper could manage to get any____3____．The woman looked over at the man．He was still staring at her．She looked back at him with fire in her eyes．I was beginning to get____4____，too．
The train moved on．The little boy was ____5____ awake on his mother's lap，but the woman dropped off to sleep．A moment later，he began to____6____the half-open window—one leg went over it．The man jumped up and ____7____the child just before he fell out．
The____8____ woke up the woman．She seemed to be in____9____，and then reality dawned （顯現(xiàn)）．“Your child has been looking for an opportunity to climb out of the window，”the man said as he gave the child back to her. ．“So I have been watching the whole time．”The woman was _____10_____，and so was I．
1．A．guiding B．bothering C．watching D．monitoring
2．A．adjusted B．changed C．packed D．waved
3．A．air B．joy C．space D．rest
4．A．nervous B．embarrassed C．angry D．disappointed
5．A．almost B．still C．hardly D．even
6．A．drag B．climb C．knock D．push
7．A．grabbed B．rocked C．touched D．picked
8．A．alarm B．quarrel C．risk D．noise
9．A．sorrow B．relief C．panic D．pain
10．A．astonished B．confused C．concerned D．inspired
【答案】1．C
2．A
3．D
4．C
5．B
6．B
7．A
8．D
9．C
10．A
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇記敘文。講述了火車上一位男子救下了爬上窗戶的頑皮孩子的善舉，最初孩子的母親因為男子總是盯著他們，對男子的第一印象不好，而最后得知原因十分驚訝。故事告訴我們很多事情不能只看表面。
1．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我坐在一位中年男子對面的座位上，他目光敏銳，一直在注視著一位坐在靠窗座位上的年輕女子，她的腿上坐著一個小男孩。A. guiding 帶領；B. bothering 打擾；C. watching 看著； D. monitoring監(jiān)控。根據(jù)上文“with sharp eyes”（有著敏銳的目光）以及下文第二段“He was still staring at her．”（他仍然盯著她看。）可知，中年男子一直在看著女子，故選C。
2．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：女人的目光落在了男人的臉上，她立刻低下頭，整理了一下圍巾。A. adjusted 調整；B. changed改變； C. packed 包裝；D. waved 揮動，根據(jù)空格處and 前的動詞低下頭和空格后的圍巾，可知女人因為感到尷尬而低頭故意整理圍巾，故選A。
3．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：夜?jié)u漸深了，人們開始閉上眼睛，但座位太不舒服了，只有睡得很沉的人才能設法休息。A. air 空氣；B. joy 娛樂；C. space 空間；D. rest 休息。根據(jù)空格前點明時間是夜晚了和后面睡得很沉的人，可知是為了獲得一些休息。故選D。
4．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我也開始生氣了。 A. nervous 緊張的；B. embarrassed 尷尬的；C. angry生氣的；D. disappointed 失望的。根據(jù)with fire in her eyes以及空格后too，可知“我”和女人的情緒是一樣憤怒生氣的，故選C。
5．
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：小男孩躺在媽媽的腿上還醒著，但是媽媽已經睡著了。A. almost 幾乎；B. still 仍然；C. hardly幾乎不；D. even甚至。根據(jù)but the woman dropped off to sleep，可知母親已經睡著，男孩是醒著的，推斷出來是仍然醒著的。故選B。
6．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：過了一會兒，他開始爬上半開著的窗戶——一條腿跨過了窗戶。A. drag拖拉；B. climb 爬上；C. knock敲打；D. push推動。根據(jù)空格后one leg went over it，可知小孩是在爬窗戶，腳才邁了出去，故選B。
7．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就在孩子掉下去之前，那人跳起來抓住了他。A. grabbed 抓著；B. rocked 搖晃；C. touched 接觸；D. picked挑選。根據(jù)before he fell out可知，男人跳起來是為了阻止孩子掉下去，所以要抓住他，故選A。
8．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：噪音把那個女人吵醒了。A. alarm 鬧鐘；B. quarrel吵架；C. risk 風險；D. noise噪音。根據(jù)上文The man jumped up and grabbed the child just before he fell out可知，男人和孩子一定是弄出了很大的動靜和聲音，故選D。
9．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她似乎在恐慌，然后明白過來。A. sorrow悲傷；B. relief減輕；C. panic恐慌；???????D. pain痛苦。根據(jù)上文可知，女人一醒來看到男人抓著自己的孩子，女人對男人的印象不好，因此作為母親一定是很恐慌的，故選C。
10．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：女人很驚訝，我也很驚訝。A. astonished驚訝；B. confused 困惑的；C. concerned 關心的；D. inspired受到鼓舞的。根據(jù)空格前的對話“Your child has been looking for an opportunity to climb out of the window，”the man said as he gave the child back to her..“So I have been watching the whole time.”(“你的孩子一直在找機會爬出窗戶，”男人說著把孩子還給了她?！八晕乙恢痹诳??！?,可知女人對男人的印象不好，但是男人卻救了他們的孩子，所以最后女人是感到意外和驚訝的，故選A。

（2022·北京西城·一模）A mystery man, known as Benny, has been spreading happiness — one $100 bill at a time for more than three years in and around Salem, Oregon.
He randomly ___11___ the bills in shops to be found, surprising and delighting unsuspecting shoppers. When it appeared that others might be trying to copy him, he started ___12___ his bills.
It is estimated that he has hidden more than $50,000 worth of $100 bills, and that’s only what has been reported. Some people have been keeping track of ___13___ the bills are found, and notice that he has left them in stores, markets and fairs. Those who find one all have a similar tale about being ___14___ when a $100 bill, with the mark of “Benny”, falls out of the packaging of something.
It is ___15___ how these bills always seem to end up in the right hands. They have helped people pay their electric bill, make their rent, and even provide the homeless with ___16___ for a couple of nights. But the real magic of Benny is that more than half of the ___17___ report paying it forward to their favorite non-profit or a stranger in need. Some of the most heartwarming stories involve children. ___18___ shopping for toys’ they decide to buy school supplies for their classmates or groceries for the local food bank.
The bills are so ___19___ by some of the people who find them that they post them on their refrigerators or carry them in their purses. It’s a _____20_____ they say, to give and be like Benny.
11．A．covers B．buries C．hides D．stores
12．A．returning B．checking C．changing D．signing
13．A．when B．where C．how D．why
14．A．amazed B．impressed C．inspired D．amused
15．A．acceptable B．understandable C．memorable D．remarkable
16．A．food B．clothing C．shelter D．transport
17．A．finders B．sellers C．losers D．beggars
18．A．Thanks to B．Instead of C．But for D．Apart from
19．A．protected B．recommended C．treasured D．expected
20．A．chance B．challenge C．record D．reminder
【答案】11．C
12．D
13．B
14．A
15．D
16．C
17．A
18．B
19．C
20．D
【解析】
【導語】
本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了神秘慈善家在城里到處藏百元大鈔，幫助有需要幫助的人，并且愛心得到了傳遞。
11．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他隨機地把錢藏在商店里，讓不知情的顧客發(fā)現(xiàn)，既驚喜又開心。 A. covers覆蓋；B. buries埋葬；C. hides隱藏；D. stores儲存。根據(jù)“It is estimated that he has hidden more than $50,000 worth of $100 bills, and that’s only what has been reported.”可知，神秘男子隨機地把錢藏在商店里。故選C。
12．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當發(fā)現(xiàn)其他人可能試圖模仿他時，他開始在鈔票上簽字。A. returning返回；B. checking核對；C. changing改變；D. signing簽。根據(jù)“When it appeared that others might be trying to copy him,”可知，神秘男子在隱藏的鈔票上簽上字以防別人模仿他。故選D。
13．
考查名詞性從句。句意：有些人一直在跟蹤這些鈔票是在哪里發(fā)現(xiàn)的，并注意到他把它們留在了商店、市場和集市上。介詞of后接賓語從句，從句中缺少地點狀語，所以用連接副詞where引導。故選B。
14．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那些找到鈔票的人都有一個類似的故事，當一張印有“本尼”標志的100美元鈔票從某個東西的包裝上掉下來時，他們感到驚訝。A. amazed驚訝的；B. impressed印象深刻的；C. inspired受鼓舞的；D. amused愉快的。根據(jù)“when a $100 bill, with the mark of “Benny”, falls out of the packaging of something.”可知，不知情的顧客發(fā)現(xiàn)100美元掉下來會感到驚訝。故選A。
15．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：值得注意的是，這些鈔票似乎總是落到正確的人手中。A. acceptable可接受的；B. understandable可理解的；C. memorable難忘的；D. remarkable非凡的；值得注意的。根據(jù)“how these bills always seem to end up in the right hands.”可知，鈔票總是落到正確的人手中是讓人值得注意的。故選D。
16．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們幫助人們支付電費、交房租，甚至為無家可歸的人提供幾個晚上的棲身之所。A. food食物；B. clothing衣服；C. shelter庇護所；D. transport運輸。根據(jù)“and even provide the homeless”可知，這些錢為無家可歸提供幾個晚上的棲身之所。故選C。
17．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但本尼的真正魔力在于，超過一半的發(fā)現(xiàn)者報告將錢轉發(fā)給了他們最喜歡的非營利組織或需要幫助的陌生人。A. finders發(fā)現(xiàn)者；B. sellers賣方；C. losers失敗者；D. beggars乞丐。根據(jù)“paying it forward to their favorite non-profit or a stranger in need.”可知，有一半的發(fā)現(xiàn)者將發(fā)現(xiàn)的鈔票轉給非營利組織和有需要的陌生人。故選A。
18．
考查介詞短語辨析。句意：他們決定為同學們購買學習用品，或者為當?shù)氐氖称枫y行購買食品雜貨，而不是購買玩具。 A. Thanks to多虧；B. Instead of而不是；C. But for要不是；D. Apart from除……以外。根據(jù)“they decide to buy school supplies for their classmates or groceries for the local food bank.”可知，一些孩子發(fā)現(xiàn)鈔票之后，而不是去買玩具。故選B。
19．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有些人發(fā)現(xiàn)這些鈔票后非常珍視，他們把它們貼在冰箱上或放在錢包里隨身攜帶。A. protected保護；B. recommended推薦；C. treasured珍藏；珍視； D. expected期盼。根據(jù)“by some of the people who find them that they post them on their refrigerators or carry them in their purses.”可知，有些人發(fā)現(xiàn)這些鈔票后非常珍視，將它們收藏。故選C。
20．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們說這是一個提醒，去付出，像本尼一樣。A. chance機會；B. challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C. record記錄；D. reminder提醒。根據(jù)“to give and be like Benny.”可知，有些人收藏這些鈔票是為了作一個提醒，像本尼一樣去幫助別人。故選D。
（2022·北京門頭溝·一模）A few weeks ago, I received a package containing seeds from my friend. When I asked her what they would ___21___ into, a smile crossed her face. “Just plant them and be patient. You’ll see for yourself ___22___!” she said.
I sowed the seeds in a flowerpot. In the first few days, I was very excited to search for the slightest signs, but ___23___ happened. With heavy loads of homework, I began to feel sad and ___24___. How much I longed for the color in my fast-paced life.
I watered the plants in dry periods. On the eighth day, to my great ___25___, a few light green sprouts (新芽) appeared. Bending down and studying the plants, I could almost hear them growing. More days passed, and the flowerpot soon became ___26___ with coriander (香菜) plants. Now they are taller than the edge of the pot, constantly shaking their leaves in the gentle wind, as if they were merrily singing a song of ___27___.
I am certain that after a few more days, my plants will be ready for___28___. These plants have played an important part in ___29___ up my everyday life. They may not be a main dish on our table, but using some will surely make our dishes delicious.
Let us all slow our pace down and be patient. So long as we take steps to set our hearts free, time and patience will ____30____ us with the pure pleasure of being alive in this lovely world.
21．A．grow B．run C．look D．break
22．A．immediately B．finally C．quickly D．regularly
23．A．anything B．everything C．something D．nothing
24．A．shocked B．disappointed C．embarrassed D．scared
25．A．surprise B．pity C．shame D．anxiety
26．A．packed B．lined C．crowded D．piled
27．A．courage B．freedom C．interest D．relief
28．A．harvest B．loss C．sights D．rest
29．A．picking B．ending C．brightening D．taking
30．A．impress B．assist C．surround D．reward
【答案】21．A
22．B
23．D
24．B
25．A
26．C
27．B
28．A
29．C
30．D
【解析】
【導語】
本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者將香菜種子種在花盆里，后來種子發(fā)芽，長成了香菜，點亮了作者的生活，這讓作者意識到只要我們采取措施讓我們的心靈自由，時間和耐心會給我們帶來快樂。
21．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我問她它們長大后會變成什么樣子時，她臉上掠過一絲笑容。A. grow生長；B. run跑；C. look看；D. break打破。由后文的“Just plant them and be patient. You’ll see for yourself”可知，作者朋友叫作者把種子種下去耐心等待，說明作者問的是種子長大后會變成什么，故選A。
22．
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：你最終會親眼看到的！A. immediately立刻；B. finally最后；C. quickly快速地；D. regularly有規(guī)律地。but表轉折，由上文的“I asked her what they would ___1___ into”可知，作者想知道種子長大會變成什么，那應該要到最后才能看到，故選B。
23．
考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：在最初的幾天里，我非常興奮地尋找最輕微的跡象，但什么也沒有發(fā)生。A. anything任何東西；B. everything所有東西；C. something某些東西；D. nothing沒有任何東西。由上文的“I was very excited to search for the slightest signs”和but表轉折可知，作者找種子發(fā)芽的跡象，但是卻什么也沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)，空格處是“沒有任何東西”，故選D。
24．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：沉重的家庭作業(yè)，我開始感到悲傷和失望。A. shocked震驚的；B. disappointed失望的；C. embarrassed尷尬的；D. scared害怕的。由“With heavy loads of homework, I began to feel sad”和后面的“How much I longed for the color in my fast-paced life”可知，家庭作業(yè)太多，種子沒有發(fā)芽，而作者又需要色彩，作者覺得傷心和失望，故選B。
25．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：第八天，讓我大吃一驚的是，出現(xiàn)了幾顆嫩綠的芽。A. surprise驚訝；B. pity同情；C. shame羞恥；D. anxiety焦慮。由后文的“a few light green sprouts (新芽) appeared”可知，種子發(fā)芽了，作者應該覺得驚訝，to one’s surprise意為“讓某人驚訝的是”，故選A。
26．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幾天過去了，花盆里很快擺滿了香菜。A. packed打包；B. lined沿……形成行（或列、排）；C. crowded聚集；D. piled堆放。由第二段的“I sowed the seeds in a flowerpot”和后文的“with coriander (香菜) plants”可知，作者先前把種子種在花盆里，現(xiàn)在花盆里應該擠滿了香菜，be crowded with意為“擠滿”，故選C。
27．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在它們比盆邊還高了，它們的葉子在和風里不停地晃動著，好像在歡快地唱著一首自由的歌。A. courage勇氣；B. freedom自由；C. interest興趣；D. relief緩解。由上文的“constantly shaking their leaves in the gentle wind”可知，葉子在和風里不停地晃動著，給人感覺它們很自由，因此句子表示“好像在歡快地唱著一首自由的歌”，故選B。
28．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我相信再過幾天，我的植物就可以收獲了。A. harvest收獲；B. loss損失；C. sights視野；D. rest休息。由上文的“after a few more days”可知，再過幾天香菜應該是可以收獲了，故選A。
29．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這些植物在點亮我的日常生活中起著重要的作用。A. picking挑選；B. ending結束；C. brightening照亮；D. taking拿走。由后文的“using some will surely make our dishes delicious”可知，香菜使菜肴更美味，因此是點亮了作者的生活，故選C。
30．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：只要我們采取措施讓我們的心靈自由，時間和耐心會回報我們生活在這個可愛的世界的純粹的快樂。A. impress使留下深刻印象；B. assist幫助；C. surround圍繞；D. reward獎勵。由上文的“So long as we take steps to set our hearts free, time and patience”和“with the pure pleasure of being alive in this lovely world”可知，句子表示“只要我們采取措施讓我們的心靈自由，時間和耐心會回報我們生活在這個可愛的世界的純粹的快樂”，因此空格處是“回報”，故選D。
（2022·北京朝陽·一模）Jeff Jensen was suffering from painful nerve damage in his leg and foot. He needed surgery, but he doubted if he could _____31_____it, even with insurance. “There’s nothing more _____32_____than seeing a bill for 18, 20, 24,000 dollars and going,” said Jensen.
Luckily for Jensen, his doctor is Demetrio Aguila. The nerve specialist gives patients at his Healing Hands of Nebraska in Papillion the___33___to pay for surgery through community service instead of money. He calls it M25 Program. At the heart of his vision was the simple___34___ of people helping people.
Using an algorithm (算法) , the clinic calculates community service hours based on the price of the surgery. In Jensen’s case, the $12,000 operation equaled 560 hours of____35____at one of the local charitable organizations registered with the M25 Program. Jensen opted for the community service. Since hundreds of hours of community service would be___36___, Aguila encouraged others to help, and he___37___involved himself in it. “I had this hope that we would rekindle (重新激起) the enthusiasm for ________38________in our neighbors and in ourselves,” he told CNN.
Jensen, whose surgery was completed in February 2020, was helped by more than 100 friends and strangers who freely offered to help at Orphan Grain Train, which donates food, clothing, and medicine nationally and globally.
“We can’t___39___the people in our own backyard,” said Aguila. “And we want to help more people like Jensen who have lost hope medically. If people come together to help other people, then our community is _______40_______.”
31．A．buy B．afford C．book D．accept
32．A．depressing B．shameful C．confusing D．dangerous
33．A．schedule B．investment C．instruction D．option
34．A．judgment B．curiosity C．beauty D．interest
35．A．helping out B．moving about C．hanging around D．working out
36．A．exciting B．boring C．tough D．enjoyable
37．A．even B．almost C．still D．rather
38．A．training B．understanding C．learning D．volunteering
39．A．trouble B．cheat C．ignore D．hurt
40．A．served B．lifted C．tested D．awarded
【答案】31．B
32．A
33．D
34．C
35．A
36．C
37．A
38．D
39．C
40．B
【解析】
【導語】
這是一篇新聞報道。文章講述了，無法負擔自己手術費的杰夫·詹森（Jeff Jensen）得到了來自M25項目的幫助。M25項目是由神經專家德米特里奧·阿吉拉（Demetrio Aguila）創(chuàng)建的，他的病人可以選擇通過社區(qū)服務而不是金錢來支付手術費用，他希望通過幫助別人，改善社會。
31．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他需要做手術，但他懷疑自己是否負擔得起，即使有保險。A. buy買；B. afford負擔得起；C. book預定；D. accept接受。由上文的“He needed surgery, but he doubted if he could”和下文“杰夫·詹森接受了M25項目的幫助，通過社區(qū)服務而不是金錢來支付手術費用”的內容可知，杰夫·詹森應該是沒有足夠的錢，but表轉折，說明杰夫·詹森需要做手術，但懷疑自己是否負擔得起手術費。故選B項。
32．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：詹森說：“沒有什么比看到一張18000美元、20000美元或24000美元的賬單付賬更令人沮喪的了?！盇. depressing令人沮喪的；B. shameful可恥的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. dangerous危險的。由上文語境可知，需要做手術的杰夫·詹森懷疑自己是否負擔得起手術費，所以看到高昂的手術費賬單很沮喪。故選A項。
33．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這位神經專家讓內布拉斯加州帕皮利昂的病人可以選擇通過社區(qū)服務而不是金錢來支付手術費用。A. schedule計劃；B. investment投資；C. instruction指示；D. option選擇。由下文的“to pay for surgery through community service instead of money”和“Jensen opted for the community service.”可知，懷疑自己是否負擔得起手術費的杰夫·詹森選擇了社區(qū)服務來支付手術費用，說明這位神經專家讓病人可以選擇通過社區(qū)服務而不是金錢來支付手術費用。故選D項。
34．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的愿景的核心是幫助他人的簡單之美。A. judgment判斷；B. curiosity好奇；C. beauty美好的東西；D. interest興趣。由下文的“people helping people”可知，幫助他人是一種美好的事情。故選C項。
35．
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在詹森的案例中，這項價值1.2萬美元的手術相當于在當?shù)匾患易粤薓25項目的慈善組織提供560小時的幫助。A. helping out幫助擺脫困境；B. moving about頻繁換工作、經常搬遷；C. hanging around閑逛；D. working out算出。由上文的“Using an algorithm (算法) , the clinic calculates community service hours based on the price of the surgery.”和下文的“Aguila encouraged others to help”可知，診所使用一種算法，根據(jù)手術價格計算社區(qū)服務時間，結合常識可知，社區(qū)服務是免費為他人提供幫助的，且神經專家阿吉拉鼓勵其他人提供幫助，可得出價值1.2萬美元的手術相當于提供560小時的社區(qū)服務幫助。故選A項。
36．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于數(shù)百小時的社區(qū)服務將是艱難的，阿吉拉鼓勵其他人提供幫助，他甚至親自參與其中。A. exciting令人興奮的；B. boring無聊的；C. tough艱難的；D. enjoyable愉快的。由上文的“Since hundreds of hours of community service”可知，數(shù)百小時的社區(qū)服務時間太長了，所以此處應該是指完成它是艱難的。故選C項。
37．
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：由于數(shù)百小時的社區(qū)服務將是艱難的，阿吉拉鼓勵其他人提供幫助，他甚至親自參與其中。A. even甚至；B. almost幾乎；C. still仍然；D. rather相當?shù)?。由上文的“Since hundreds of hours of community service would be　　6　　, Aguila encouraged others to help”可知，神經專家阿吉拉鼓勵其他人提供幫助，但完成數(shù)百小時的社區(qū)服務時間很艱難，阿吉拉為了擴散幫助他人的簡單之美，甚至親身上陣、做出榜樣，even強調出乎意料。故選A項。
38．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他告訴CNN：“我有這個希望，我們會重新點燃鄰居和我們自己的志愿工作熱情?！盇. training訓練；B. understanding理解；C. learning學習；D. volunteering自愿做。由上文的“The nerve specialist gives patients at his Healing Hands of Nebraska in Papillion the　　3　　to pay for surgery through community service instead of money.”和“the clinic calculates community service hours based on the price of the surgery”結合常識可知，社區(qū)服務是免費為他人提供幫助的，這是一種志愿服務，阿吉拉認為他的這項舉措會讓人們重新點燃志愿工作熱情。故選D項。
39．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我們不能忽視自家后院的人（即同胞），”阿吉拉說。A. trouble麻煩；B. cheat欺騙；C. ignore忽視；D. hurt傷害。由下文的“And we want to help more people like Jensen who have lost hope medically.”可知，阿吉拉幫助像詹森這樣在醫(yī)學上失去希望的人，說明阿吉拉認為我們不能忽視自己的同胞。故選C項。
40．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果人們團結起來幫助其他人，那么我們的社會就會得到提升。A. served服務；B. lifted提升；C. tested測試；D. awarded獎勵。由上文的“If people come together to help other people”可知，阿吉拉認為如果人人都去幫助他人，社會就會變得美好，得到提升/改善。故選B項。
（2022·北京房山·一模）As a woman walked down the streets one day, she noticed a beggar. The man looked old and ill-dressed. She___41___asked the man, “Sir? Are you hungry?” She tried to pick him up. “You need to___42___something,” the woman said.
The man looked at the woman, who, clearly by her appearance was from a___43___background. “No,” he said coldly.
The woman finally managed to___44___the man into the cafeteria and ordered him something to eat.
When the man was eating his meal, the woman stared at the man and asked “Jack. do you___45___me?” Old Jack examined her face. Then his face suddenly lit up. “Now I remember you. I used to be at the counter. You came up and asked me if you could work for something to eat.”
“Then you___46___me the biggest roast beef sandwich, a cup of coffee, and a table for me to sit at. I saw you put the___47___of my food in the cash register.” the woman said.
She opened her purse and pulled out a business___48___. “Please pay a visit to the personnel director of my company. We need your help. We can pay you the___49___in advance.”
“How can I ever repay your_____50_____?” Jack asked.
“You don’t need to”, the woman smiled.
41．A．nervously B．kindly C．curiously D．confusedly
42．A．do B．buy C．eat D．leam
43．A．wealthy B．political C．trustworthy D．famous
44．A．force B．show C．lead D．drag
45．A．recognize B．follow C．forgive D．understand
46．A．sold B．dropped C．offered D．promised
47．A．order B．menu C．price D．package
48．A．ticket B．card C．letter D．invitation
49．A．interest B．bill C．debt D．salary
50．A．comfort B．kindness C．sacrifice D．contribution
【答案】41．B
42．C
43．A
44．C
45．A
46．C
47．C
48．B
49．D
50．B
【解析】
【導語】
本文是一篇記敘文。文章敘述了一位富有的女士在街上遇見一個乞丐，這個乞丐在多年前曾經幫助過她，女士帶領乞丐吃了飯，并讓他到她的公司任職。
41．
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她親切地問那個男人：“先生？你餓了嗎？”A. nervously緊張地；B. kindly親切的；C. curiously好奇地；D. confusedly慌亂地。根據(jù)下文“Sir? Are you hungry?”可知，女士對這個流浪漢非常同情，此處應表達的是，她親切地（kindly）問男人是否餓了。故選B項。
42．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“你需要吃點東西，”女士說。A. do做；B. buy買；C. eat吃；D. leam學。根據(jù)上文“Sir? Are you hungry?”可知，女士擔心流浪漢餓了，認為他應該吃（eat）點東西。故選C項。
43．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：男人看了看那個女士，從她的外表來看，她顯然有富有的背景。A. wealthy富有的；B. political政治的；C. trustworthy值得信賴的；D. famous著名的。根據(jù)下文“Please pay a visit to the personnel director of my company. We can pay you the　　9　　in advance.”可知，女士擁有一家公司，推知她有富有的（wealthy）背景。故選A項。
44．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這名女子最終設法把這名男子領進自助餐廳，并給他點了些吃的。A. force強迫；B. show顯示；C. lead帶領，引導；D. drag拖拉。根據(jù)上文“She　　1　　asked the man, “Sir? Are you hungry?” She tried to pick him up. “You need to　　2　　something”, the woman said.”可知，女士問這個乞丐是否餓了，并試圖把他拉起來，想讓他吃點東西，從這些細節(jié)看，女士對乞丐充滿了同情，此處指她設法帶領（lead）這名男子領進自助餐廳。故選C項。
45．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當男人在吃飯時，女士盯著男人問道：“杰克，你認出我了嗎？”A. recognize認出；B. follow遵循；C. forgive原諒；D. understand理解。根據(jù)下文“Then his face suddenly lit up. “Now I remember you.”可知，后來男人記起來了這個女士，因此，此處指的是女士問他是否認出（recognize）自己。故選A項。
46．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后你給了我最大的烤牛肉三明治，一杯咖啡和一張桌子讓我坐。A. sold銷售；B. dropped下降；C. offered給，提供；D. promised承諾。根據(jù)下文“I saw you put the　　7　　of my food in the cash register”. the woman said.”可知，當時男人把女士食物的價錢裝進了收銀機，由此推知，他給了（offered）女孩一個最大的烤牛肉三明治，替女孩買單了。故選C項。
47．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我看到你把我食物的價錢放進了收銀機。A. order訂單；B. menu菜單；C. price錢，價錢；D. package包。根據(jù)上文“Then you　　6　　me the biggest roast beef sandwich…”可知，男人給了女孩一個最大的烤牛肉三明治，替女孩買單了，他把錢（price）放進了收銀機。故選C項。
48．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她打開錢包，拿出一張名片。A. ticket機票；B. card (尤指顯示個人信息的)卡片，名片；C. letter信；D. invitation邀請。根據(jù)下文“Please pay a visit to the personnel director of my company.”可知，女士讓男人去拜訪她公司的主管，由此推知，她拿出名片（card）給男人。故選B項。
49．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們可以提前付給你工資。A. interest利益；B. bill賬單；C. debt債務；D. salary薪水。根據(jù)本文第一句“As a woman walked down the streets one day, she noticed a beggar.”可知，男人是一個乞丐，可見他很窮，需要錢，因此女士想提前支付他工資（salary），以解決他的窮困。故選D項。
50．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我怎樣才能報答你的好意呢？”杰克問。A. comfort舒適；B. kindness善良，好意；C. sacrifice犧牲；D. contribution貢獻。通讀全文，結合語境，女士不僅僅帶乞丐吃東西，而且還讓他到公司工作，提前支付工資，這名乞丐非常感激，因此問她怎樣才能報答她的好意（kindness）。故選B項。
（2022·北京石景山·一模）Up until I was eight years old. I was an only child in my family and life was sweet. Then along came Grant, my little brother, and everything changed.
As Grant got older, he???___51___ the habit of attaching himself to me and I found him totally???___52___. By the time I became a teenager, he was my???___53___ , following me around, copying my every move, and generally being a pest.
However,???___54___ my annoyance, I began to enjoy him as time went by. He was a funny little guy, and I found his hero-worship pleasant. As we got older, we established boundaries and alliances (聯(lián)盟), becoming more???___55___ of each other. Grant ___56___ asking to go along on dates with me, and I no longer made fun of him in front of his peers. He cheered me on at my soccer games, and I???___57___ to coach his baseball team.
I wondered if the transition happened because he became less annoying and more of a buddy or because I became more???___58___ , more able to share, more receptive to the unconditional love he offered. Looking back, I have come to the conclusion that maybe it was a/an???___59___ of both.
Today, Grant and I are a team. I know that we will always be close, if not in age or distance, then in the???____60____ shared by brothers.
51．A．developed B．changed C．maintained D．broke
52．A．reliable B．annoying C．unique D．disappointing
53．A．angel B．guide C．shadow D．enemy
54．A．besides B．despite C．beyond D．for
55．A．considerate B．critical C．envious D．respectful
56．A．missed B．suggested C．stopped D．enjoyed
57．A．hesitated B．happened C．pretended D．volunteered
58．A．creative B．ambitious C．independent D．patient
59．A．innovation B．combination C．limitation D．expectation
60．A．hope B．courage C．love D．pride
【答案】51．A
52．B
53．C
54．B
55．A
56．C
57．D
58．D
59．B
60．C
【解析】
【導語】
本文為一篇夾敘夾議文。文章敘述了作者和弟弟在成長中的陪伴過程，并表明了他對于兄弟關系的轉變的看法。
51．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著格蘭特漸漸長大，他養(yǎng)成了依戀我的習慣，我覺得他非常煩人。A. developed發(fā)展；B. changed改變；C. maintained維持；D. broke打破。根據(jù)下文“following me around, copying my every move, and generally being a pest”可知，隨著格蘭特逐漸長大，他發(fā)展出依戀作者的習慣。故選A項。
52．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A. reliable可靠的；B. annoying令人心煩的；C. unique獨特的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根據(jù)下文“___4___ my annoyance”可知，當格蘭特逐漸長大，作者開始厭煩他。故選B項。
53．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：到我十幾歲的時候，他就成了我的影子，跟在我后面，模仿我的一舉一動，是個討厭鬼。A. angel天使；B. guide導游；C. shadow影子；D. enemy敵人。根據(jù)空后“following me around, copying my every move, and generally being a pest.”可知，格蘭特在作者十幾歲時成為了他的影子。故選C項。
54．
考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，隨著時間的推移，盡管我很煩惱，我開始喜歡他。A. besides除……之外；B. despite盡管；C. beyond超出；D. for為了。根據(jù)空后“I began to enjoy him as time went by.”可知，盡管作者很煩惱，卻開始喜歡他。故選B項。
55．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著年齡的增長，我們建立了界限和聯(lián)盟，變得更加體諒彼此。A. considerate體貼的；B. critical重要的；C. envious嫉妒的；D. respectful尊敬的。根據(jù)下文“Grant 　6　 asking to go along on dates with me, and I no longer made fun of him in front of his peers. He cheered me on at my soccer games”可知，隨著年齡的增長，作者兄弟倆開始更加體諒彼此。故選A項。
56．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：格蘭特不再要求和我一起去約會，我也不再在他的同學面前取笑他。A. missed錯過；B. suggested建議；C. stopped停止；D. enjoyed享受。根據(jù)“and I no longer made fun of him in front of his peers.”可知，格蘭特不再要求和作者一起去約會。故選C項。
57．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他在我的足球比賽中為我加油，而我自愿當他的棒球隊的教練。A. hesitated猶豫；B. happened發(fā)生；C. pretended假裝；D. volunteered自愿做。根據(jù)上文“He cheered me on at my soccer games”可知，作者主動自愿去當他棒球隊的教練。故選D項。
58．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我在想，這一轉變之所以發(fā)生，是因為他變得不那么煩人，更像個好朋友，還是因為我變得更有耐心，更能分享，更能接受他給予的無條件的愛。A. creative有創(chuàng)造力的；B. ambitious有野心的；C. independent獨立自主的；D. patient耐心的。根據(jù)空后“more able to share, more receptive to the unconditional love he offered”可知，作者思考是否這一轉變是由于自己更有耐心了，更能分享和接受兄弟的愛。故選D項。
59．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：回顧過去，我得出的結論是，也許這是兩者的結合。A. innovation創(chuàng)新；B. combination結合；C. limitation限制；D. expectation期待。根據(jù)空后“of both”可知，作者最終得出結論，兩人關系的轉變是兩方相互的轉變的結合。故選B項。
60．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道，我們將永遠是親密的，如果不是在年齡或距離上，那么是因為兄弟之間互相分享的愛。A. hope希望；B. courage勇氣；C. love愛；D. pride驕傲。根據(jù)上文“the unconditional love he offered”及空后“shared by brothers”可知，作者和弟弟之間的愛使得他們保持親密。故選C項。
（2022·北京市第一三二中學一模）I was about to sleep when someone knocked on my window. Knock, knock. Then a three-second pause. Knock, knock. Immediately I knew it was my best friend, Ben. The knock ____61____ was our emergency call which never means anything good.
“What’s going on?” I rushed to open the window and asked.
Ben climbed in. “Bad news.” He gave me a ____62____ look, and I immediately knew what it was. My heart ____63____ . I gave him a nod, and he sighed in response.
“Where to?” I asked.
“Virginia.”
“That’s far from Florida.”
We looked at each other knowing we were thinking the same. Both Ben and I had parents in the airforce. We were used to frequent moves.
Ben and I became close friends since I crashed into Ben’s stand and sent plastic cups of lemonade flying into the heavens. At first, I ____64____ Florida. Everything changed, though, when I ____65____ rollers-kated into Ben’s lemonade stand.
“It must have been fate!” we claimed. But I think that, maybe, there was some ____66____ in that lemonade, and that as it rained down on us, it cast a spell making us friends forever.
“Maybe your family will get moved to Virginia too.” Ben said.
“Yeah, maybe.” I knew the chance was low, but I chose to hope.
Ben grinned at me. Though it looked sad, I saw ____67____ in him too.
“I’ll have a lemonade stand ____68____ for you.”
“Then I’ll pack my roller-skates.”
“Then I’ll wear a poncho (雨披).”
We ____69____ . The humid Florida night closed around us, and I felt a tiny drop of liquid splash on my arm. I knew it was probably rain, but still, I thought that, maybe, it was a drop of magic lemonade, because nothing on earth can break the _____70_____ between us.
61．A．sound B．pattern C．number D．symbol
62．A．playful B．grateful C．cheerful D．meaningful
63．A．failed B．softened C．sank D．relieved
64．A．hated B．missed C．explored D．appreciated
65．A．gradually B．narrowly C．constantly D．accidentally
66．A．sign B．magic C．flavour D．wish
67．A．hope B．joy C．courage D．support
68．A．necessary B．convenient C．ready D．useful
69．A．struggled B．argued C．laughed D．compromised
70．A．rule B．bond C．barrier D．balance
【答案】61．B
62．D
63．C
64．A
65．D
66．B
67．A
68．C
69．C
70．B
【解析】
【導語】
這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在Ben告知即將搬走的時候回憶起了他們的友情是如何建立的，并且相信即使不在一起了，也沒有什么能打破他們友誼的紐帶。
61．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：敲窗的方式是我們的緊急呼叫，但這并不意味著什么好事。A. sound聲音；B. pattern模式，方式；C. number數(shù)字；D. symbol象征。根據(jù)上文“Knock, knock. Then a three-second pause. Knock, knock.”可知，此處是指敲窗的方式是作者和朋友之間的緊急呼叫。故選B。
62．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他意味深長地看了我一眼，我立刻明白了這是什么意思。A. playful有趣的，愛玩的；B. grateful感激的；C. cheerful令人愉快的；D. meaningful有意義的，意味深長的。根據(jù)下文“I immediately knew what it was”可知，此處是指朋友Ben給了作者一個意味深長的表情。故選D。
63．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我心頭一沉。A. failed失??；B. softened軟化，使……變軟；C. sank下沉；D. relieved解除，減輕，緩和。根據(jù)下文““Where to?” I asked.”可知，Ben要搬走了，作者聽了此消息后很難過，因此心頭一沉。故選C。
64．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一開始，我討厭佛羅里達。A. hated討厭；B. missed想念，錯過；C. explored探索；D. appreciated感激，欣賞。根據(jù)下文作者和Ben成為好朋友和“Everything changed, though”推知，在和Ben成為朋友前作者討厭弗羅里達州，因為他常常隨父母搬家，所以沒有朋友。故選A。
65．
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，當我意外走進Ben的檸檬水攤時，一切都變了。A. gradually逐漸；B. narrowly勉強地，仔細地；C. constantly不斷地，一直；D. accidentally意外地。結合常識和下文“It must have been fate!”可知，作者滑進Ben的檸檬水攤是一個意外，因此他們才會覺得這是命中注定。故選D。
66．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但我想，也許那檸檬水有某種魔力，當它落在我們身上時，它就像施了魔法，讓我們成為永遠的朋友。A. sign標志，跡象；B. magic魔法，魔術；C. flavour風味；D. wish愿望。根據(jù)下文“as it rained down on us, it cast a spell making us friends forever.”推知，作者認為檸檬水有魔力，它讓自己和Ben成了好朋友。且下文的“it was a drop of magic lemonade”也是提示。故選B。
67．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然看起來很悲傷，但我也在他身上看到了希望。 A. hope希望；B. joy快樂；C. courage勇氣；D. support支持。呼應上文“I knew the chance was low, but I chose to hope.”可知，此處指Ben雖然看起來悲傷，但也對他們的友誼充滿了希望。故選A。
68．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我會為你準備好檸檬水攤。A. necessary必要的；B. convenient方便的；C. ready準備好的，現(xiàn)成的；D. useful有用的。根據(jù)下文“Then I’ll pack my roller-skates.”可知，此處是指Ben在臨走前為作者準備好檸檬水攤，因為這是他們友誼開始的地方。故選C。
69．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都笑了。A. struggled掙扎，努力，奮斗；B. argued爭論；C. laughed笑；D. compromised妥協(xié)，互讓。根據(jù)上文““I’ll have a lemonade stand 　　8　　 for you.” “Then I’ll pack my roller-skates.” “Then I’ll wear a poncho (雨披).””可知，他們聊了一些開心的事情，這些事情表明他們的友誼會繼續(xù)，因此兩人都笑了。故選C。
70．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道可能是下雨了，但我仍然認為，也許，這是一滴神奇的檸檬水，因為地球上沒有什么能打破我們之間的聯(lián)系。A. rule規(guī)則；B. bond紐帶，聯(lián)系；C. barrier障礙；D. balance平衡。根據(jù)上文“it cast a spell making us friends forever.”可知，作者和Ben是永遠的好朋友，因此作者認為沒有什么能打破他們之間的聯(lián)系，更何況還有神奇的“檸檬水”。故選B。

（2022·北京豐臺·一模）Though new term had begun for weeks, the new girl Molly still remained ___71___ around her classmates. Now she was sitting at the picnic table alone. She seemed unsure of what to do or say, yet I could see her eyes longing for ___72___.
Brianna, the class clown, was standing near the playground making the other students laugh, as usual. “Brianna, Molly looks awfully ___73___. Would you invite her to join us?” I said.
Brianna sighed. I could tell that she was ___74___ to do what I was asking of her, but I also knew she was so sweet and kind. I had specifically ___75___ her for this task. She looked at her friends, then at Molly.
Knowing this choice was ___76___ her, I reached into my pocket and pulled out a D-buck, our class currency(貨幣). I needed to ___77___ her cooperation.
“Here, I’ll ___78___ you for your time.”
She offered an insincere smile, grasped the green paper, and headed off.
I watched closely as the girls talked. When they finally walked back together, I sighed with ___79___.
A minute later, Brianna came back and handed me the D-buck.
“I shouldn’t keep this.” Her eyes fell to her feet, _____80_____ radiating from her quiet voice. “I don’t want Molly to think I only went to get her so I could earn a D-buck. She’s my friend.”
Then Brianna skipped back to amuse her classmates again, and who laughed for the first time that week? Molly.
71．A．satisfied B．surprised C．awkward D．ashamed
72．A．trust B．acceptance C．understanding D．respect
73．A．angry B．puzzled C．serious D．lonely
74．A．unwilling B．eager C．determined D．disappointed
75．A．studied B．selected C．supported D．examined
76．A．comforting B．warming C．paining D．protecting
77．A．consider B．permit C．check D．ensure
78．A．help B．pay C．prepare D．forgive
79．A．relief B．concern C．sorrow D．regret
80．A．excitement B．courage C．guilt D．impatience
【答案】71．C
72．B
73．D
74．A
75．B
76．C
77．D
78．B
79．A
80．C
【解析】
【導語】
這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者請Brianna幫助新來的女孩Molly融入新的集體，并答應給Brianna班級的貨幣。Brianna與Molly聊天之后，成為了朋友，并內疚地把班級貨幣還給了作者。
71．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然新學期已經開始了幾個星期，但新來的女孩Molly在同學面前仍然感到很尷尬。A. satisfied感到滿意的；B. surprised感到驚奇的；C. awkward尷尬的；D. ashamed慚愧的。根據(jù)下文““Brianna, Molly looks awfully ___3___.”可知，新來的Molly感到很尷尬，故選C。
72．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她似乎不知道該做什么或說什么，但我卻看到她渴望被接納的眼睛。A. trust信任；B. acceptance接受、接納；C. understanding理解；D. respect尊敬。根據(jù)“Now she was sitting at the picnic table alone. She seemed unsure of what to do or say”可知，Molly剛到新的班級，認識新的同學，她不知道做什么和說什么，無法融入新的集體，故推知Molly渴望獲得新同學的接納和認可，故選B。
73．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Brianna，Molly一個人看起來很孤獨。A. angry生氣的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. serious嚴肅的；D. lonely孤獨的。根據(jù)上文“Now she was sitting at the picnic table alone.”可知，Molly獨自坐著，所以她應該是看起來孤獨的，故選D。
74．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Brianna 嘆了一口氣。我看得出來，她不愿意做我要她做的事，但我也知道她是如此的善良。A. unwilling不愿意的；B. eager渴望的；C. determined決心的；D. disappointed感到失望的。根據(jù)上文“Brianna sighed.”可知，Brianna嘆了一口氣，說明Brianna不愿意做我要她做的事，故選A。
75．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我特意選擇了她來執(zhí)行這項任務。A. studied學習；B. selected選擇；C. supported支持；D. examined仔細檢查。根據(jù)上文“I could tell that she was ___4___ to do what I was asking of her, but I also knew she was so sweet and kind.”可知，Brianna很善良，所以我選擇Brianna去邀請Molly，故選B。
76．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：知道這個選擇讓她很痛苦，我把手伸進口袋，掏出一個D-buck——我們班的貨幣。A. comforting安慰；B. warming使溫暖；C. paining使苦惱；D. protecting保護。根據(jù)上文“Brianna sighed.”可知，Brianna不愿意做我要她做的事，故推知我的請求使她感到苦惱，故選C。
77．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我需要確保她的合作。A. consider考慮；B. permit允許；C. check檢查；D. ensure確保。根據(jù)“I reached into my pocket and pulled out a D-buck, our class currency.”可知，我為了讓Brianna去邀請Molly，給Brianna班級貨幣。故推知我想確保Brianna能答應我的請求，與我合作。故選D。
78．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：給你，我會為你的時間付D-buck的。A. help幫助；B. pay支付；C. prepare準備；D. forgive原諒。根據(jù)“I reached into my pocket and pulled out a D-buck, our class currency.”可知，我為了讓Brianna去邀請Molly，給Brianna班級貨幣，花班級貨幣買她的時間。故選B。
79．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當她們最后一起走回去時，我松了一口氣。A. relief寬慰、解脫；B. concern關心；C. sorrow悲傷；D. regret后悔。根據(jù)“I watched closely as the girls talked.”及“When they finally walked back together”可知，Brianna答應了我的請求，陪Molly一起聊天然后一起走，一切都很順利。故推知我不再擔心Molly孤單一人，所以松了口氣，故選A。
80．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我不應該保留這個?！彼哪抗饴湓谀_上，內疚從她平靜的聲音中散發(fā)出來。A. excitement興奮；B. courage勇氣；C. guilt內疚；D. impatience不耐煩。根據(jù)“I shouldn’t keep this.”及“Her eyes fell to her feet”可知，Brianna認為自己不該為了要D-buck，才和Molly聊天，低下了頭。通過動作描寫可知，Brianna為自己的行為感到很內疚，故選C。
（2022·北京順義·一模）Thursday would be huge. But when coach announced the championship game would be a night game on Thursday, Devin's heart ___81___. The concert was at the same time as the game. And Ms. Poltis had ___82___ Devin to sing a brief solo (獨唱). Thinking the soccer team was on the edge of a title and he was a big reason — he ___83___ the league in scoring, Devin frowned (皺眉). He couldn't disappoint his team by ___84___ the game.
That night, Devin lay in bed, staring at the trophies (獎杯) from races, baseball leagues and free-throw contests which ___85___ his shelves. The solo was only four lines in the middle of a song, but the thought of singing ___86___ made him shiver (顫抖). He'd never sung a solo before. Now it was a relief to know he didn't have to. The soccer game was a perfect ___87___. While at the moment Ms. Poltis' words came to his mind "I chose you not because you're the best singer but because you work hard, like the person in the song. And you have a very nice voice. So don't be nervous. Be proud." It was no secret that several other choir members had ___88___ singing voices than he did. But he liked the song, and he ___89___ how kind and inspiring Ms. Poltis always was. Finally Devin made a choice and whispered the solo with ____90____, "no matter how hard the struggle. I will never let you down…"
81．A．bled B．sank C．hurt D．beat
82．A．taught B．allowed C．chosen D．ordered
83．A．led B．won C．joined D．formed
84．A．watching B．playing C．entering D．skipping
85．A．lined B．piled C．covered D．decorated
86．A．loudly B．outside C．alone D．proudly
87．A．platform B．request C．condition D．excuse
88．A．louder B．stronger C．softer D．deeper
89．A．appreciated B．accepted C．confirmed D．praised
90．A．tension B．patience C．sorrow D．confidence
【答案】81．B
82．C
83．A
84．D
85．A
86．C
87．D
88．B
89．A
90．D
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇記敘文。Devin被Ms. Poltis選中參加獨唱，因為怕唱不好而緊張，Devin想要拒絕；最后在Ms. Poltis的鼓勵下，Ms. Poltis自信地參加了獨唱。
81．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但當教練宣布冠軍賽將是周四晚上的比賽時，Devin的心情變得沉重。A. bled流血； B. sank(心情)變得沉重；C. hurt受傷；D. beat跳動。根據(jù)后文“Devin frowned(皺眉)”可知，當教練宣布比賽時，Devin的心情變得沉重。故選B。
82．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Ms. Poltis 選擇Devin來唱一段簡短的獨唱。A. taught教；B. allowed允許；C. chosen選擇；D. ordered命令。根據(jù)第二段“I chose you not because you're the best singer but because you work hard”可知，Ms. Poltis 選擇Devin來唱一段簡短的獨唱。故選C。
83．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Devin認為足球隊即將奪冠，他是他在得分方面領先聯(lián)盟的一個重要原因，他皺起了眉頭。A. led率領，處于領先地位；B. won贏得；C. joined加入；D. formed形成。根據(jù)空前“Thinking the soccer team was on the edge of a title ”可知，因為將要奪冠，由此可知，在得分上是領先的。故選A。
84．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他不能不參加比賽而使他的球隊失望。A. watching看；B. playing玩耍；C. entering進入；D. skipping跳過。根據(jù)前文“He couldn't disappoint his team”可知，Devin不想不參加比賽，這樣會讓球隊失望。故選D。
85．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那天晚上，Devin躺在床上，盯著貨架上擺滿的比賽、棒球聯(lián)賽和罰球比賽的獎杯。A. lined沿……排成行；B. piled堆放；C. covered覆蓋；D. decorated裝飾。由空前“trophies (獎杯)from races , baseball leagues and free-throw contests”可知，比賽中的獲得的獎杯在架子上排成行。故選A。
86．
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這首獨唱只有歌曲中間的四行，但一想到要獨自唱，他就不寒而栗。A. loudly大聲地；B. outside在外面；C. alone單獨；D. proudly驕傲地。根據(jù)前文the solo可知，因為是獨唱，所以此處指一個人唱歌。故選C。
87．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：足球比賽是個完美的借口。A. platform站臺，講臺；B. request要求；C. condition條件；D. excuse借口。根據(jù)前文“He'd never sung a solo before.”可知，因為Devin不想唱歌，所以足球比賽是個完美的借口。故選D。
88．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：唱詩班的其他幾個成員的嗓音比他響亮，這已經不是什么秘密了。A. louder更大聲的；B. stronger更響亮的；C. softer更柔軟的；D. deeper更深的。根據(jù)前文“I chose you not because you're the best singer but because you work hard”可知，唱詩班的其他幾個成員比他唱得好，由此可知，他們的嗓音也比Devin響亮。故選B。
89．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但他喜歡這首歌，他也感激Ms. Poltis一直以來的善良和鼓舞人心。A. appreciated感激；B. accepted接受；C. confirmed確認；D. praised贊揚。根據(jù)后文“how kind and inspiring Ms. Poltis always was.”可知，Devin感激Ms. Poltis一直以來的善良和鼓舞人心。故選A。
90．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，Devin做出了選擇，自信地低聲唱著獨唱。A. tension緊張；B. patience耐心；C. sorrow悲傷；D. confidence自信。根據(jù)后文“no matter how hard the struggle. I will never let you down…”可知，Devin自信地歌唱。故選D。
（2022·北京市延慶區(qū)教育科學研究中心一模）“I Got Him!”
It was the homecoming parade in Rockwall, Texas, and cheerleader Tyra Winters in her uniform, was riding atop one of the school’s floats(花車). As it slowly made its way down the street, the 17-year-old enthusiastically ___91___ at the crowd, all the while soaking in the music, laughter, and applause.
All of a sudden, a horrible ___92___ came. Looking down, Winters saw a two-year-old on the sidewalk gasping for air, his mother ___93___ for help in panic. The boy had been sucking on a piece of candy when it ___94___ down the back of his mouth, lodging in his throat and blocking his windpipe.
“There was no coughing；there was no ___95___ ,” his mother, Nicole cried. No one seemed to know how to help.
Except for Winters. With dreams of becoming a surgeon, she had learned the Heimlich?maneuver（海姆利克氏急救法）. Knowing that every second ___96___, she leaped off the moving float and ran to the child.
By the time she got to the boy, his face had turned purple. “I got him!” she yelled to Nicole as she ___97___ the boy from her. Winters?positioned him against her and gave a good three back slaps.
Soon, the boy coughed up the piece of ___98___, gasped, and began breathing again. Without another word, Winters handed the boy back to his mother and hurried back to her float before it could leave her behind.
It all happened so ___99___, Nicole never had time to thank the teen. Winters’ heroic actions left Nicole _____100_____. “I don’t really have any words,” she said, “‘thank you’ doesn’t seem good enough.”
91．A．laughed B．waved C．shouted D．stared
92．A．noise B．ring C．whistle D．scream
93．A．begging B．applying C．waiting D．preparing
94．A．ran B．slid C．fell D．jumped
95．A．gasping B．crying C．breathing D．speaking
96．A．faded B．continued C．approached D．counted
97．A．grabbed B．moved C．drew D．separated
98．A．nut B．blood C．candy D．biscuit
99．A．quickly B．quietly C．gradually D．obviously
100．A．hopeless B．speechless C．helpless D．emotionless
【答案】91．B
92．D
93．A
94．B
95．C
96．D
97．A
98．C
99．A
100．B
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇記敘文，講述了一名17歲的啦啦隊隊長在游行時從彩車上跳下來救助一名因糖果堵住氣管的男孩的英勇故事。
91．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當花車緩慢地經過街道時，這位17歲的女孩熱情地朝人群揮手，當時所有人都沉浸在音樂、笑聲和掌聲里。A. laughed 笑；B. waved 揮手；C. shouted 大叫；D. stared 凝視。分析句子可知這位17歲的啦啦隊隊長cheerleader，“riding atop of the schools floats 坐在花車的頂上”，應該是朝人群揮手示意。故選B。
92．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，傳來一陣可怕的尖叫聲。A. noise 噪音；B. ring 戒指；C. whistle 哨子；D. scream 尖叫。后文“his mother…for help in panic 他的媽媽慌張地求救”可知嘈雜的人群中這位媽媽要求救需要大聲呼喊，故有尖叫聲。故選D。
93．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Winters 看到人行道上一個兩歲的男孩在盡力呼吸，他的媽媽驚慌地請求幫助。A. begging 乞求；B. applying 應用；C. waiting 等待；D. preparing 準備。后文“a piece of candy…lodging in his throat and locking his windpipe”“一塊糖果……掉到他的喉嚨里，堵住了氣管”可知這個男孩難以呼吸，故他的媽媽呼救。故選A。
94．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個男孩之前吸吮一塊糖果，當時糖果從嘴巴后側滑落進入喉嚨，堵住了氣管。A. ran 跑；B. slide 滑；C. fell 落下；D. jumped 跳。分析句子可知吃糖果的時候，只有從嘴巴后側滑進去，才會到喉嚨。故選B。
95．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意： “不咳嗽、也沒有呼吸，”他媽媽Nicole哭著說道。A. grasping 抓??；B. crying 哭泣；C. breathing 呼吸；D. speaking 說。前文說男孩子“grasping for air 努力、盡力呼吸”可知堵住氣管的他很難呼吸成功，幾乎不能呼吸。故選C。
96．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：知道每一秒鐘都十分重要，她跳下彩車，跑向那個孩子。A. faded 消逝；B. continued 繼續(xù)；C. approached 接近；D. counted 重要、有價值。根據(jù)前文可知男孩呼吸困難，而“Winters had learned the Heimlich maneuver 學過海姆利克氏急救法”，故她知道對于呼吸困難的急救而言，每一秒鐘都只舉足輕重的。故選D。
97．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我來抓住他！”當她從Nicole那里奪過男孩時她朝Nicole大聲喊道。A. grabbed 奪??；B. moved 移動；C. drew 拖、拉；D. separated 分開。分析前后文可知最初男孩的母親在照顧他，Winters 肯定是從媽媽Nicole那里把小孩搶奪過去，然后試圖搶救。故選A。
98．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，那個男孩就咳出了那塊糖果，抓住，然后重新開始呼吸。A. nut 堅果；B. blood 血液；C. candy 糖果；D. biscuit 餅干。由前文可知男孩是被糖果卡住氣管的，故咳出來也應該是糖果。故選C。
99．
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這一切如此的快，Nicole都沒來得及感謝這位少年。A. quickly 快速地；B. quietly 安靜地；C. gradually 逐漸地；D. obviously 顯然地。由后文“never had time to thank the teen 沒時間感謝這位少年”可推斷出是救治速度很快，Winters救回男孩后就快速離開了。故選A。
100．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Winters 的英勇壯舉使Nicole一時語塞，不知道說啥。A. hopeless 無希望的；B. speechless 一時語塞的；C. helpless 無助的；D. emotionless 沒有情感的。后文“I don’t really have any words 我真沒什么可說的”可知Nicole一時語塞了。故選B。
（2021·首都師范大學附屬中學三模）I learned how to accept life as it is from my father. ____101____ , he did not teach me acceptance when he was strong and healthy, but rather when he was weak and ill.
My father was ____102____ a strong man who loved being active, but a terrible illness took all that away. Now he can no longer walk, and he must sit quietly in a chair all day. Even talking is difficult. One night, I went to visit him with my sisters. We started talking about life, and I told them about one of my ____103____. I said that we must very often give things up as we grow — our youth, our beauty, our friends — but it always____104____ that after we give something up, we gain something new in its place. Then suddenly my father ____105____ up. He said, “But, Peter, I gave up ____106____! What did I gain?” I thought and thought, but I couldn’t think of anything to say. Surprisingly, he answered his own question: “I ____107____ the love of my family,” I looked at my sisters and saw tears in their eyes, along with hope and thankfulness.
I was also touched by his words. After that, when I began to feel irritated (憤怒的) at someone, I would remember his words and become ____108____. If he could replace his great pain with a feeling of love for others, then I should be able to give up my small irritations. In this way, I learned the power of acceptance from my father.
Sometimes I ____109____ what other things I could have learned from him if I had listened more carefully when I was a boy. For now, though, I am grateful for this one ____110____.
101．A．Afterwards B．Therefore C．However D．Meanwhile
102．A．already B．still C．only D．once
103．A．decisions B．experiences C．ambitions D．beliefs
104．A．suggests B．promises C．seems D．requires
105．A．spoke B．turned C．summed D．opened
106．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything
107．A．had B．accepted C．gained D．enjoyed
108．A．quiet B．calm C．relaxed D．happy
109．A．doubt B．wonder C．know D．guess
110．A．award B．gift C．lesson D．word
【答案】101．C
102．D
103．D
104．C
105．A
106．D
107．C
108．B
109．B
110．B
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者從父親身上學到了接受現(xiàn)實的人生理念。作者的父親得了重病，身體虛弱，不能走，說話都困難。父親認為他雖失去了一切，但他得到了家人的愛。從此每當作者生氣時，一想到父親的話，就鎮(zhèn)定下來了。他覺得父親能用自己的劇痛來替換其他人的愛，那他就能放棄這微小的惱怒。
101．
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，他沒有在他強壯和健康的時候教我接受，而是在他虛弱和生病的時候。A. Afterwards后來；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. Meanwhile同時。根據(jù)前后文語境，作者從父親那里學會了如何接受生活，與后文“他沒有在他強壯和健康的時候教我接受，而是在他虛弱和生病的時候”構成轉折關系，應用however。故選C。
102．
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我的父親曾經是一個強壯的人，他喜歡活動，但一場可怕的疾病奪走了這一切。A. already已經；B. still仍然；C. only僅僅；D. once曾經，一旦。根據(jù)后文“but a terrible illness took all that away”可知父親在疾病奪走了健康之前，曾經是一個強壯的人。故選D。
103．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們開始談論生活，我告訴他們我的一個信念。A. decisions決定；B. experiences經歷；C. ambitions野心；D. beliefs信念。由下文語境“we must very often give things up as we grow — our youth, our beauty, our friends…”可知，下文的內容表達了作者的信念。故選D。
104．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我說過，在成長的過程中我們必須經常放棄一些東西——我們的青春、我們的美麗、我們的朋友——但似乎總是在我們放棄一些東西之后，我們就會在原來的地方獲得一些新的東西。A. suggests建議；B. promises承諾；C. seems似乎；D. requires要求。根據(jù)后文“that after we give something up, we gain something new in its place”可知，作者認為似乎我們丟棄一些東西后，一些新的東西代替了原來的東西。故選C。
105．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，父親開口了。A. spoke說；B. turned轉彎；C. summed總結；D. opened打開。由下文的“He said”可知，父親開口了。故選A。
106．
考查不定代詞辨析。句意：但是，彼得，我放棄了一切！A. something某事；B. anything任何事；C. nothing沒有什么；D. everything一切。由上文語境可知，疾病帶走了父親的一切，所以父親認為他放棄了一切。故選D。
107．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：令人驚訝的是，他回答了自己的問題：“我得到了家人的愛”。A. had有；B. accepted接受；C. gained獲得；D. enjoyed欣賞。根據(jù)后文“the love of my family”可知，由于父親得病，受到了家庭的照顧，所以他說得到了家庭的愛。故選C。
108．
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那之后，當我開始對某人感到生氣時，我會記住他的話，變得冷靜。???A. quiet安靜的；B. calm冷靜的；C. relaxed放松的；D. happy快樂的。由全文語境可知，疾病奪走了作者父親的一切，但作者父親仍然感受其他人的愛，所以當作者想起父親的話時就變得冷靜下來。故選B。
109．
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有時我在想，如果我小時候更仔細地聽，我還能從他那里學到什么別的東西。A. doubt懷疑；B. wonder想知道；C. know知道；D. guess猜測。根據(jù)后文“what other things I could have learned from him if I had listened more carefully when I was a boy”可知，作者想知道自己還能從父親那里學到什么。故選B。
110．
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不過現(xiàn)在，我很感激這份禮物。A. award獎勵；B. gift禮物；C. lesson課程；D. word單詞。這篇短文講述了作者的父親因為生病而失去了活動甚至于說話的能力，但是他仍然認為自己獲得了家庭的愛，表現(xiàn)了對生活的正確態(tài)度，所以作者把父親所說的“I gained the love of my family”作為父親送給自己的禮物。故選B。

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