Unit 4 Space Exploration課時素養(yǎng)檢測十五　Unit 4　Period 3Ⅰ. 閱讀理解　　We humans are a curious species. As NASA says on its website,  “Humans are driven to explore the unknown,  discover new worlds,  push the boundaries of our scientific and technical limits,  and then push further. ”　　And space exploration is where we’ve been “pushing” our furthest curiosity. 　　The year 2019 began with two pieces of exciting space exploration news. On Jan. 3,  China landed a spacecraft,  Chang’e 4,  on the moon’s far side—the side we can’t see from Earth—for the first time in human history. And according to a report published on Jan. 9 in Nature,  scientists from the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) detected repeated radio signals from a galaxy 1. 5 billion light years away,  possibly sent by intelligent aliens. 　　However,  what’s even more exciting than the news is the fact that whenever speaking of space exploration,  we forget our political and cultural differences—the things that so obsess us. 　　“When you go into space,  you become part of this overall collective (集體) called ‘humanity’, ” Ken Liu,  Chinese-American sci-fi writer and translator,  told Quartz website. “You’re no longer Chinese,  American,  Russian. . . Your culture is left behind. You’re now just ‘humanity’ with a capital ‘H’. ”　　This magic has worked all the way along our journey into space. When US astronaut Neil Armstrong (1930—2012) became the first human to set foot on the moon in 1969,  for example,  he told the world:  “That’s one small step for man,  one giant leap for mankind. ” Now,  with Chang’e 4 touching down on new moon territory,  China’s aim is to help scientists from around the world find out more about Earth’s only satellite. And with the discovery of the CHIME astronomers,  we’re one step closer to answering a common question in science:  “Are humans alone in the universe? ”　　It’s true that we are a curious species. But instead of being curious about the “unknown”,  perhaps we’re really more eager to “push further” our own human “boundaries” and “l(fā)imits”. 【語篇概述】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講述太空探索是人類共同的事業(yè), 這里沒有政治、國家的邊界, 只有“人類”這一概念。1. Which of the following is the discovery of the CHIME scientists? A. A galaxy with intelligent aliens. B. Repeated radio signals sent by intelligent aliens. C. Repeated radio signals from a distant galaxy. D. Radio signals from a galaxy several years ago. 【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句“. . . scientists from the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) detected repeated radio signals from a galaxy 1. 5 billion light years away,  possibly sent by intelligent aliens. ”可知, 來自加拿大氫強度測繪實驗(CHIME)的科學(xué)家檢測到來自15億光年外星系的重復(fù)無線電信號, 可能是由有智慧的外星人發(fā)出的。由此可知是來自遙遠星系的重復(fù)無線電信號。故選C。2. Why does the author quote Ken Liu’s words? A. To introduce the famous writer,  Ken Liu. B. To show that in space we are just humanity. C. To emphasize that culture is not important. D. To introduce the things that obsess us very much. 【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段可知, 華裔美國科幻作家兼翻譯家劉肯(Ken Liu)在Quartz網(wǎng)站上說: “當(dāng)你進入太空時, 你會成為這個被稱為‘人類’的整體集體的一部分。你不再是中國人、美國人、俄羅斯人……你的文化被拋在了腦后。你現(xiàn)在只是有一個大寫字母‘H’的‘人類’?！庇纱丝梢? 作者引用Ken Liu的話是為了證明在太空中我們只是人類。故選B。3. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 6? A. Further confirm his opinion. B. Add some background information. C. Summarize the previous paragraphs. D. Introduce a new topic for discussion. 【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第六段最后一句And with the discovery of the CHIME astronomers,  we’re one step closer to answering a common question in science:  “Are humans alone in the universe? ”可知, 隨著加拿大氫強度測繪實驗天文學(xué)家的發(fā)現(xiàn), 我們離回答科學(xué)中的一個常見問題又近了一步: “宇宙中只有人類嗎? ”由此來進一步證實他的觀點。故選A。4. What’s the main idea of the text? A. China takes the lead in space exploration. B. Humans are not alone in the universe. C. Space exploration is a common cause of mankind.  D. Humans desire to push the boundaries of scientific limits. 【解析】選C。主旨大意題。根據(jù)這篇文章大意可知, 本文主要講述太空探索是人類共同的事業(yè), 這里沒有政治、國家的邊界, 只有“人類”這一概念。故選C。Ⅱ. 閱讀填句根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。If something that you’re doing doesn’t challenge you, then it doesn’t change you. We all need some normal stress in our lives, after all. 　1　 So challenge the following limits:  Figure out what you are scared of and do it continuously. If you are a salesman, and you’re scared of talking to people personally or over the phone, now, instead of being scared and thinking you will fail, spend at least five minutes a day picking up the phone and making a call. 　2　 But don’t stop on the first try!  Eventually, you can look at fear in the eyes and say, “Go on, I’m not scared! ” Take a class for a hobby you’ve been wanting to develop. Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career;  you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this. 　3　 Apart from helping you challenge yourself, taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income.  Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise. 　4　 A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself. Exercise can not only help you maintain your regular weight, but also make you feel better about yourself.  　5　 Don’t just limit yourself to your fellow travelers—try to connect with the service staff. You never know what kind of people they’re going to be. Get out of your house or go online right now to book your class. Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself. A. You should do it continuously. B. You don’t need to go to the gym. C. Someone may make you disturbed. D. Running in the gym may be a better choice. E. Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people. F. Some examples might be cooking, sewing, painting and so on. G. You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone. 【語篇概述】本文是一篇說明文, 介紹了四種挑戰(zhàn)自己的方法。有挑戰(zhàn)才有提高, 待在自己的舒適區(qū)只會原地踏步。1. 【解析】選G。本段第一句“If something that you’re doing doesn’t challenge you, then it doesn’t change you. ” 如果你做的事沒有挑戰(zhàn)性, 你就不會改變。G項(如果你待在舒適區(qū), 那么你永遠不會有進步。)順承了文意, 故選G。2. 【解析】選C。根據(jù)空格后一句“But don’t stop on the first try! ”推斷, 上文指可能遇到了困難, C項表示有人可能讓你心煩, 符合語境。3. 【解析】選F。由標(biāo)題可知, 該段是關(guān)于興趣培訓(xùn)班的, F項列舉了興趣班的類型, 符合語境。4. 【解析】選B。根據(jù)下文“A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself. (在你住的街區(qū)用九分鐘的時間簡單地跑跑步就能給你帶來意想不到的好處。)”可知你不必去體育館。B項符合本段意思。5. 【解析】選E。根據(jù)最后一段“You never know what kind of people they’re going to be. Get out of your house or go online. . . ”可知作者鼓勵我們出去見識更多的人。Ⅲ. 完形填空Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors (流星) but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts 　1　 our protective blanket on 　2　. Light gets through, and this is essential for plants to make the food which we 　3　. Heat, too, makes our environment tolerable and some ultraviolet (紫外線的) rays penetrate the 　4　. Cosmic (宇宙的) rays of various kinds come 　5　 the air from outer space, but 　6　 quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. 　7　 men leave the atmosphere they are 　8　 to this radiation, but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, 　9　 prevent a lot of radiation damage. Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in 　10　. Doses of radiation are measured in units called “rem (雷姆)”. We all 　11　 radiation here on earth from the sun, from cosmic rays and from radioactive minerals. The “　12　” dose of radiation that we receive each year is about two millirems. It 　13　 according to where you live, and this is a very rough estimate. Scientists have the reason to think 　14　 a man can 　15　 far more radiation than 0. 1 rem without being damaged. The figure of 60 rems has been agreed on.  【語篇概述】本文是一篇說明文。太陽和其他星體發(fā)出的射線對人類既有利又有弊, 那么大氣層對此是如何起作用的呢? 人們能承受的安全射線數(shù)又是多少雷姆呢? 1. A. for　　　　B. with　　 　C. on　　　　D. as【解析】選D。act as “充當(dāng), 起……作用”。句意: 大氣層再次對地球起到防護的作用。2. A. stars  B. sun  C. earth  D. space【解析】選C。由上題可知, 大氣層起到防護的作用, 保護的應(yīng)該是地球。故選C項。3. A. use  B. live  C. eat  D. get【解析】選C。由常識可知, 植物依靠陽光生長出我們吃的食物, 故選C項。4. A. environment   B. spaceC. atmosphere    D. earth【解析】選C。由上文可知, 地球周圍有大氣防護層, 因此推知這里指紫外線穿透大氣層。故選C。5. A. across B. to C. from D. through【解析】選D。這里的come through相當(dāng)于penetrate“穿透”。come across “偶遇”; come to “來到”; come from “來自”。句意: 各類來自外太空的宇宙射線穿透大氣層。故選D。6. A. valid   B. enormous  C. various   D. proper【解析】選B。由空格前but表轉(zhuǎn)折和句末的“are screened off (被隔開)”可判斷此處表示大量來自太陽的輻射被隔離掉了。valid “有效的”; various “各種各樣的”; proper “合適的”。enormous “大量的”符合文意。7. A. As soon as  B. As well asC. As much as   D. As possible as【解析】選A。as soon as “一……就……”。此處表示人一離開大氣層就會接觸到輻射。故選A項。8. A. shown  B. exposed   C. faced  D. covered【解析】選B。be exposed to “暴露于……”, 符合語意。9. A. get  B. make  C. have  D. do【解析】選D。“do+動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)強調(diào)謂語動詞。10. A. Mars  B. atmosphereC. space   D. planet【解析】選C。由Radiation和explorers可推測, 應(yīng)選space (太空)。句意: 輻射是探險者在太空中已知的最大危險。11. A. receive  B. accept  C. bring  D. catch【解析】選A。由下文“radiation that we receive each year”可知, 此處表示受到輻射, 故選A項。12. A. conventional B. commonC. general    D. normal【解析】選D。此處表示我們每年接受的“正常”輻射量大約為兩毫雷姆。故選normal。13. A. puzzles  B. floatsC. combines  D. changes【解析】選D。由句意“所處地點不同, 所能承受的正常的輻射量也不一樣”可確定答案為D項。14. A. what B. which C. that  D. why【解析】選C。本句應(yīng)填入引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連接詞, 而從句不缺少成分和語意, 故選擇that。15. A. put up with  B. keep up withC. come up with  D. catch up with【解析】選A。此處表示人類可承受的輻射量。keep up with“跟上”; come up with“提出, 想出”; catch up with“趕上”。put up with “忍受”, 符合語境。Ⅳ. 語法填空閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In many films, whenever Earth faces a disaster, the 1. __________ (solve) is always fleeing the planet 2. __________ spaceship. But now the Chinese sci-fi movie, The Wandering Earth,  3. __________ (offer)a different and 4. __________ (encourage)idea. In the film, Earth is being destroyed by the dying sun. In response, humans around the world work together 5. __________ (build)a giant engine system,  6. __________ will push Earth away from the sun. This “ambition” didn’t come from nowhere. Up to now,  “homeland” 7. __________ (have)a soft spot in the hearts and minds of Chinese people. This special cultural background 8. __________ (probable)makes The Wandering Earth different from other films.  The film was released on Feb 5, the first day of Chinese New Year. It was 9. __________ time when many people had just made the hard journey back to 10. __________ (they) hometowns. So there is only one possible way to tell the story: Earth goes wherever humans go, because it’s our home.  【語篇概述】本文主要介紹了中國科幻電影——《流浪地球》。1. 【解析】solution?？疾樵~性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空格前的冠詞the可知此處填名詞。2. 【解析】by?？疾榻樵~。使用交通工具用介詞by。3. 【解析】offers/is offering?？疾橹髦^一致。根據(jù)句中now可知此處用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在進行時。4. 【解析】encouraging?？疾樵~性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)idea可知此處填形容詞。encouraging意為“令人鼓舞的”。5. 【解析】to build?？疾榉侵^語動詞。根據(jù)本句work together可知此處是目的狀語, 所以填to build。6. 【解析】which。考查定語從句。空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句, 指代a giant engine system, 在定語從句中作主語, 故用which。7. 【解析】has had?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)Up to now可知本句用現(xiàn)在完成時。8. 【解析】probably?？疾樵~性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾的是動詞makes, 所以用副詞。9. 【解析】a?？疾楣谠~。It was a time when. . . 固定句式。10. 【解析】their?？疾榇~?？崭窈蟮膆ometowns是名詞, 前面用形容詞性物主代詞修飾。    

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