11-北京卷閱讀理解高考英語復習之真題解讀+高頻考詞+長難句分析+拔高突破練-試卷下載-教習網(wǎng)

+高頻考詞+長難句分析+拔高突破練（解析版）

命題分析
閱讀理解文章體裁可以分為：應用文記敘文說明文議論文
雖然閱讀理解的材料內(nèi)容千變?nèi)f化，但考試中的考查方式是有限的，只要能夠掌握以下幾種主要類型題目的閱讀技巧，那么閱讀理解拿高分，甚至拿滿分就是可以做到的了。
閱讀理解題的速選技能，需要結合下面幾種題型：主旨大意題，細節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題，詞義猜測題。
秒殺技能一主旨大意題
主旨大意題分為兩種：一種是要求歸納標題，另一種是歸納段落大意或者文章中心思想。
1. 注意文章的首句和尾句，以及therefre, thus, but, hwever, in shrt這些很可能提示文章主旨的詞語。
2. 分段概括大意，逐項排除最終確定答案。需要注意避免出現(xiàn)概括不夠，如：以偏概全，過度解讀等人為的主觀臆斷性錯誤。
秒殺技能二細節(jié)理解題
細節(jié)理解題在考查形式上分為兩種：細節(jié)查找題與細節(jié)推理題。
細節(jié)查找題：比較簡單，只要能看懂文章，從文章中找到問題定位的關鍵詞句，就可以順利解題。
細節(jié)推斷題：需要借助同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換，概念解析，歸納事實等方法對原文信息進行變換，然后再進行進一步的推理或鑒別。
秒殺技能三推理判斷題
這是閱讀理解的重難點所在，考查形式也多種多樣，除了細節(jié)理解，還有結局趨勢預測題，文章來源推測題，作者態(tài)度觀點推測題。
閱讀全文，理解文章大意：具體可以參考主旨大意題的解題步驟，切忌主觀臆斷，常識經(jīng)驗來代替文章內(nèi)容或觀點。
避免誤入命題陷阱：第一類陷阱是把第一類陷阱是把原文中的關鍵詞或限定詞去掉或用其他詞進行替換。比如把張三當李四，把部分當全部，把否定當肯定，把將來發(fā)生當成已經(jīng)發(fā)生等。第二類陷阱是在選項中設置一些與問題無關的干擾項。這些干擾項本身可能是文章中的原句，但是與問題無關；或者這些選項內(nèi)容本身符合常識，但是作者在文中沒有提及或者與作者觀點不符。
秒殺技能四詞義猜測題
這種類型的題，主要分為以下三種：
1. 猜測某個詞、詞組、句子的意義；
2. 對文中的多義詞或詞組進行定義；
3. 判斷某個代詞的指代的對象。
這類題型應在精讀中應當注意：
1.分析長難句。
2.注意熟詞生義，一詞多義。
真題剖析
（2022年北京卷 A篇閱讀理解）應用文
Peer ( 同伴 ) Assisted Study Sessins (PASS) is a peer-facilitated learning prgramme available t students enrlled ( 注冊 ) in mst cre units f study in ur business schl.
PASS invlves weekly sessins where yu wrk in grups t tackle specially prepared prblem sets, based arund a unit f study yu’re enrlled in.
PASS desn’t re-teach r deliver new cntent. It’s an pprtunity t deepen yur understanding f the key pints frm lecture materials while yu are applying yur skills t slve prblems.
Yu wrk interactively with yur peers. As a peer grup, yu decide what is cvered in each sessin. That way, PASS directly respnds t yur needs and feedback.
Registratin in Term 2 will pen at 9 am, 21 September 2022.
Waiting lists
If a sessin is full, yu can register fr the waiting list. We will email yu if a place becmes available r if a new sessin is t be held.
When yu are placed n a waiting list, we will email yu a number which tells yu where yu are n the list. If yu are clse t the frnt f the list, yu have a gd chance f gaining a place in the prgramme in the near future.
Deregistering
If yu miss tw PASS sessins in a rw, yu will be deregistered and yur place will be given t smene n the waiting list. Make sure yu fill in the attendance sheet at each sessin t recrd yur attendance.
Yu’ll be infrmed by email if yu are being deregistered as a result f missing sessins. If yu believe yu have received the email in errr, email the PASS ffice at passffice@umbs. edu..
1．In PASS, students ________.
A．a(chǎn)ttend new lecturesB．decide their wn schedules
C．prepare prblem sets in grupsD．use their skills t slve prblems
2．What can students d if a sessin is full?
A．Fill in the attendance sheet.B．Sign up fr the waiting list.
C．Reprt their needs and feedback.D．Email the ffice their numbers n the list.
3．Students will be deregistered if ________.
A．they send emails in errrB．they fail t wrk interactively
C．they give their places t thersD．they miss tw sessins in a rw
【篇章導讀】本文是一篇應用文。主要介紹了同伴輔助學習課程(PASS)。
【答案】D
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“It’s an pprtunity t deepen yur understanding f the key pints frm lecture materials while yu are applying yur skills t slve prblems.（這是一個機會，在你運用技能解決問題的同時，加深你對課堂材料關鍵點的理解。）”可知，在同伴輔助學習課程中，學生運用技能解決問題。故選D。
【答案】B
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Waiting lists部分“If a sessin is full, yu can register fr the waiting list.（如果課程滿員，您可以注冊等待列表。）”可知，如果某一課程滿員，可以注冊等待列表。故選B。
【答案】D
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Deregistering部分“If yu miss tw PASS sessins in a rw, yu will be deregistered and yur place will be given t smene n the waiting list.（如果您連續(xù)錯過兩次課程，您將被取消注冊，你的位置將分配給等待名單上的某個人。）”可知，如果學生連續(xù)錯過兩次課程，將被取消注冊。故選D。
閱讀高頻詞
available adj. 可用的，可獲得的；有空的
（高考鏈接 2021年天津卷知識運用）When he went bike shpping, he fund few available, which gt him thinking: What if the lack f bikes was Cvid-19 related, and what if the persn wh'd taken his bike really needed transprtatin t get t wrk?
【譯文】當他去買自行車時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)幾乎沒有自行車，這讓他開始思考：如果缺少自行車與新冠肺炎有關，而且如果騎他自行車的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？
invlve v. 包含，涉及；（使）加入
deliver v. 發(fā)表；宣布；遞送；交付；投擲；解救
cntent n. 內(nèi)容；目錄；含量，成分； adj. 滿意的，滿足的； v. 使?jié)M意
（高考鏈接 2021年浙江卷閱讀理解）If yu ever get the impressin that yur dg can "tell" whether yu lk cntent r annyed, yu may be nt smething.
【譯文】如果你覺得你的狗狗可以“分辨”你看起來是滿意還是生氣，那你可能發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些東西。
slve v. 解決
feedback v. 反饋
sessin n. 一段時間；學年；會議；開庭
（高考鏈接 2021年新高考II卷閱讀理解）We will be hlding a free taster sessin n 23rd May, at 10 am, t demnstrate the variety f effective and active exercises.
【譯文】我們將于5月23日上午10點舉行一次免費的體驗課，以展示各種積極有效的運動。
register v. 登記，注冊
attendance n. 出席（人數(shù)）；出勤；陪同
把...運用于；適用于
respnd t 對作出回應；回復，回答
長難句
1. PASS invlves weekly sessins where yu wrk in grups t tackle specially prepared prblem sets, based arund a unit f study yu’re enrlled in.
【解析】句意：PASS包括每周的會議，讓你根據(jù)你注冊的學習單元來解決特別準備的問題集。關系副詞where引導定語從句，修飾先行詞sessin,表示抽象的地點。Based n為過去分詞短語作狀語。
If yu miss tw PASS sessins in a rw, yu will be deregistered and yur place will be given t smene n the waiting list.
【解析】句意：如果你連續(xù)錯過了兩次通過課程，你將被取消注冊，你的位置將被分配給等待名單上的人。從屬連詞if引導條件狀語從句，主句中運用并列句。
真題剖析
（2022年北京卷 B篇閱讀理解）記敘文
My name is Alice. Early last year, I was trubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability t d anything. I felt like a strm clud hung ver me. Fr almst a year I struggled n, cnstantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectinist tendencies were the main rt f this: I wanted t be perfect at whatever I did, which bviusly in life is nt pssible, but it cnsumed me.
One day, I attended a presentatin by wildlife cnservatinist Grant Brwn at my high schl. His presentatin nt nly awed and inspired me, but als helped emerge an inner desire t make a difference in the wrld. I jined a pre-presentatin dinner with him and that smaller setting allwed me t slwly build up my curage t speak ne-n-ne with him—an idea that had seemed cmpletely impssible. This first cntact was where my stry began.
A mnth later, Brwn invited me t attend the Wrld Yuth Wildlife Cnference. Lking back, I nw see that this wuld be the first in a series f timely pprtunities that my ld self wuld have let pass, but that this new and mre cnfident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shrtly after I received his invitatin, applicatins t jin the Yuth fr Nature and the Yuth fr Planet grups were sent arund thrugh my high schl. I decided t cmmit t cmpleting the applicatins, and sn I was a part f a grwing glbal team f yung peple wrking t prtect nature. Each f these new steps cntinued t grw my cnfidence.
I am writing this just six mnths since my jurney began and I’ve realized that my biggest bstacle ( 障礙 ) this whle time was myself. It was that vice in the back f my head telling me that ne phrase that has stpped s many peple frm reaching their ptential: I can’t. They say gd things cme t thse wh wait; I say: grab every pprtunity with everything yu have and be impatient. After all, nature des nt require ur patience, but ur actin.
4．What was the main cause fr Alice’s anxiety?
A．Her inability t act her age.B．Her habit f cnsumptin.
C．Her desire t be perfect.D．Her lack f inspiratin.
5．Hw did Grant Brwn’s presentatin influence Alice?
A．She decided t d smething fr nature.B．She tasted the sweetness f friendship.
C．She learned abut the harm f desire.D．She built up her curage t speak up.
6．The activities Alice jined in helped her t becme mre ________.
A．intelligentB．cnfidentC．innvativeD．critical
7．What can we learn frm this passage?
A．Practice makes perfect.B．Patience is a cure f anxiety.
C．Actin is wrry’s wrst enemy.D．Everything cmes t thse wh wait.
【篇章導讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者通過參加保護自然活動治愈好了自己的焦慮。
【答案】C
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“My perfectinist tendencies were the main rt f this: I wanted t be perfect at whatever I did, which bviusly in life is nt pssible, but it cnsumed me.(我的完美主義傾向是這一點的主要根源：無論我做什么，我都想做到完美，這在生活中顯然是不可能的，但它消耗了我。)”可知，是要求完美導致了焦慮。故選C項。
【答案】A
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“One day, I attended a presentatin by wildlife cnservatinist Grant Brwn at my high schl. His presentatin nt nly awed and inspired me, but als helped emerge an inner desire t make a difference in the wrld. (一天，我在高中參加了野生動物保護主義者Grant Brwn的演講。他的演講不僅讓我感到敬畏和鼓舞，還幫助我產(chǎn)生了一種內(nèi)在的愿望，希望在世界上有所作為。)”和文章第三段“ Shrtly after I received his invitatin, applicatins t jin the Yuth fr Nature and the Yuth fr Planet grups were sent arund thrugh my high schl. I decided t cmmit t cmpleting the applicatins, and sn I was a part f a grwing glbal team f yung peple wrking t prtect nature. (在我收到他的邀請后不久，我的高中就收到了加入“Yuth fr Nature”和“Yuth fr Plane”組織的申請。我決定致力于完成這些申請，很快我就成為了一個日益壯大的全球年輕人保護自然團隊的一員。)”可知，是Grant Brwn讓作者開始為從事保護自然地活動中。故選A項。
【答案】 B
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“I decided t cmmit t cmpleting the applicatins, and sn I was a part f a grwing glbal team f yung peple wrking t prtect nature. Each f these new steps cntinued t grw my cnfidence.(我決定完成申請，很快我就成為了一個不斷壯大的全球年輕人保護自然團隊的一員。每一步都讓我更加自信。)”可知，Alice 加入這些活動讓她變得更自信了。故選B項。
【答案】 C
【解析】推理判斷題。由第一段“ Early last year, I was trubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability t d anything. I felt like a strm clud hung ver me.”（去年年初，我被一種焦慮困擾，它削弱了我做任何事情的能力。）由文章第三段“I decided t cmmit t cmpleting the applicatins, and sn I was a part f a grwing glbal team f yung peple wrking t prtect nature. Each f these new steps cntinued t grw my cnfidence.(我決定完成申請，很快我就成為了一個不斷壯大的全球年輕人保護自然團隊的一員。每一步都讓我更加自信。)可知，文章主要講述作者通過參加保護自然活動治愈好了自己的焦慮。所以從文章中我們能學到行動是憂慮最大的敵人。故選C項。
閱讀高頻詞
anxiety n. 焦慮，擔心；渴望
（高考鏈接 2021年天津卷閱讀理解） In all, 80 examinatins were cnducted fr the prject between January and September, 2019, fcusing n the imaging prcedures that wuld cause anxiety.
【譯文】在2019年1月至9月期間，總共為該項目進行了80次檢查，重點是會引起焦慮的成像程序。
cnstantly adv. 不斷地
perfect adj. 不斷的
cnsume v. 消耗；吞噬；充滿（感情）
presentatin n. 授予；頒獎儀式；介紹；表演；提出的方式
inspire v. 激勵；啟發(fā)；喚起
（高考鏈接 2021年新高考II卷閱讀理解）The prject results frm the difficulties many schls have in getting artists f any srt—whether an up-and-cming lcal musician r a majr mvie star—int schls t wrk with and inspire children.
【譯文】許多學校很難讓任何類型的藝術家——無論是當?shù)貚渎额^角的音樂家還是主要的電影明星——進入學校，與孩子們一起工作并激勵他們，因此才有了這個項目。
desire v./n. 渴望；愿望
cntact n. 聯(lián)系，聯(lián)絡；熟人；接觸 v. 聯(lián)絡，聯(lián)系
（高考鏈接 2021年新高考II卷知識運用）I fund the cntact infrmatin f the cmpany and emailed its president.
【譯文】我找到了這家公司的聯(lián)系方式，并給它的總裁發(fā)了電子郵件。
grw v. 生長；栽種；變長；成長；變得；增加；發(fā)展，壯大
grab v./n. 攫??；搶奪；抓住機會；賺取
impatient adj. 不耐煩的
make a difference 有意義，有影響
build up 逐步建立；增進；宣揚
cmmit t 把…送交，托付給…；對…作出承諾，承擔義務，擔負責任；使（自己）致力于…；把…固定在，保留在…之上[之中]
長難句
I wanted t be perfect at whatever I did, which bviusly in life is nt pssible, but it cnsumed me.
【解析】句意：無論我做了什么，我都想要完美，這在生活中是不可能的，但它消耗了我。Which引導非限制性定語從句，指代整個主句的內(nèi)容。
It was that vice in the back f my head telling me that ne phrase that has stpped s many peple frm reaching their ptential: I can’t.
【解析】句意：正是我后腦勺里的那個聲音告訴我，有一句話阻止了很多人發(fā)揮他們的潛力：我不能。本句使用強調(diào)句型。句子核心部分是that vice has stpped s many peple frm reaching their ptential: I can’t. 句中telling為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語。第一個that引導賓語從句。
真題剖析
（2022年北京卷 C篇閱讀理解）說明文
“What wuld the wrld be if there were n hunger?” It’s a questin that Prfessr Crystal wuld ask her students. They fund it hard t answer, she wrte later, because imagining smething that isn’t part f real life—and learning hw t make it real—is a rare skill. It is taught t artists and engineers, but much less ften t scientists. Crystal set ut t change that, and helped t create a glbal mvement. The result—an apprach knwn as systems thinking—is nw seen as essential in meeting glbal challenges.
Systems thinking is crucial t achieving targets such as zer hunger and better nutritin because it requires cnsidering the way in which fd is prduced, prcessed, delivered and cnsumed, and lking at hw thse things intersect (交叉 ) with human health, the envirnment, ecnmics and sciety. Accrding t systems thinking, changing the fd system—r any ther netwrk—requires three things t happen. First, researchers need t identify all the players in that system; secnd, they must wrk ut hw they relate t each ther; and third, they need t understand and quantify the impact f thse relatinships n each ther and n thse utside the system.
Take nutritin. In the latest UN reprt n glbal fd security, the number f undernurished (營養(yǎng)不良 )peple in the wrld has been rising, despite great advances in nutritin science. Tracking f 150 bichemicals in fd has been imprtant in revealing the relatinships between calries, sugar, fat and the ccurrence f cmmn diseases. But using machine learning and artificial intelligence, sme scientists prpse that human diets cnsist f at least 26,000 bichemicals—and that the vast majrity are nt knwn.This shws that we have sme way t travel befre achieving the first bjective f systems t hinking - which,in this example, is t identify mre cnstituent parts f the nutritin system.
A systems apprach t creating change is als built n the assumptin that everyne in the system has equal pwer. But as sme researchers find, the fd system is nt an equal ne. A gd way t redress (修正 ) such pwer imbalance is fr mre universities t d what Crystal did and teach students hw t think using a systems apprach.
Mre researchers, plicymakers and representatives frm the fd industry must learn t lk beynd their direct lines f respnsibility and adpt a systems apprach. Crystal knew that visins alne dn’t prduce results, but cncluded that “we’ll never prduce results that we can’t envisin”.
8．The authr uses the questin underlined in Paragraph 1 t ________.
A．illustrate an argumentB．highlight an pinin
C．intrduce the tpicD．predict the ending
9．What can be inferred abut the field f nutritin?
A．The first bjective f systems thinking hasn’t been achieved.
B．The relatinships amng players have been clarified.
C．Machine learning can slve the nutritin prblem.
D．The impact f nutritin cannt be quantified.
10．As fr systems thinking, which wuld the authr agree with?
A．It may be used t justify pwer imbalance.
B．It can be applied t tackle challenges.
C．It helps t prve why hunger exists.
D．It ges beynd human imaginatin.
【篇章導讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了解決全球挑戰(zhàn)的重要方法——系統(tǒng)思維。
【答案】C
【解析】推理判斷題。由文章第一段““What wuld the wrld be if there were n hunger?” It’s a questin that Prfessr Crystal wuld ask her students. They fund it hard t answer, she wrte later, because imagining smething that isn’t part f real life—and learning hw t make it real—is a rare skill. It is taught t artists and engineers, but much less ften t scientists. Crystal set ut t change that, and helped t create a glbal mvement. The result—an apprach knwn as systems thinking—is nw seen as essential in meeting glbal challenges. (“如果沒有饑餓，世界會是什么樣子？”這是 Crystal教授會問學生的問題。她后來寫道，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)很難回答這個問題，因為想象一些不屬于現(xiàn)實生活的東西，并學習如何將其變成現(xiàn)實是一項罕見的技能。它被教授給藝術家和工程師，但很少教授給科學家。Crystal著手改變這種狀況，并幫助創(chuàng)建了一個全球運動。結果，一種被稱為系統(tǒng)思維的方法現(xiàn)在被視為應對全球挑戰(zhàn)的關鍵。)”可知，文章開頭提出問題是為了引出話題-系統(tǒng)思維的方法被視為應對全球挑戰(zhàn)的關鍵。故選C項。
【答案】A
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“This shws that we have sme way t travel befre achieving the first bjective f systems t hinking - which,in this example, is t identify mre cnstituent parts f the nutritin system.(這表明，在實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)思考的第一個目標之前，我們還有一段路要走——在本例中，這是為了確定營養(yǎng)系統(tǒng)的更多組成部分。)”可知，實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)思維的第一個目標還有一段路需要走，現(xiàn)尚未實現(xiàn)。故選A項。
【答案】B
【解析】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“Crystal set ut t change that, and helped t create a glbal mvement. The result—an apprach knwn as systems thinking—is nw seen as essential in meeting glbal challenges.(Crystal著手改變這種狀況，并幫助創(chuàng)建了一個全球運動。結果，一種被稱為系統(tǒng)思維的方法現(xiàn)在被視為應對全球挑戰(zhàn)的關鍵。)”可知，作者認為該系統(tǒng)能應用于解決挑戰(zhàn)。故選B項。
閱讀高頻詞
set ut t 開始做某事
create v. 創(chuàng)造
glbal adj. 全球的
apprach v. 接近，臨近；對付，處理；接洽，要求 n. 方法，方式；接近，來臨；接洽，要求；途徑，道路；相似的事物
（高考鏈接 2021年天津卷閱讀理解）Human qualities als invlve hw yu think, hw yu apprach prblems, and hw yu break them dwn; and that takes a lt f algrithmic design.
【譯文】人類特性還包括如何思考，如何處理問題，以及如何分解問題；而這需要大量的算法設計。
essential adj. 基本的；必不可少的；根本的 n. 必需品；基本知識
meet v. 遇見；碰到；結識；迎接；集合；會晤；交鋒；滿足；償付；和…接觸；遭遇 n. 運動會；獵狐行動
crucial adj. 至關重要的，關鍵性的
target n. 目標；對象；靶子 v. 以…為攻擊目標；瞄準，面向
nutritin n. 營養(yǎng)
prduce v. 引起；生產(chǎn)；生長；造出；出示；栽培；制作（電影等） n. 農(nóng)產(chǎn)品
（高考鏈接 2021年上海卷寫作）Visual thinking has enabled Grand t build entire systems in her imaginatin, which wrks similarly t a cmputer prgram because it can prduce three-dimensinal design simulatins.
【譯文】視覺思維使格蘭德能夠在她的想象中構建整個系統(tǒng)，這與計算機程序的工作原理類似，因為它可以產(chǎn)生三維設計模擬。
identify vt. 識別，認出；確定；使參與；把…看成一樣 vi. 確定；認同
relate v. 涉及；聯(lián)系；敘述；認同
impact n. 影響；作用；沖擊力 v. 對…有影響；沖擊；撞擊
（高考鏈接 2021年全國乙卷知識運用）Ecturism is cmmnly regarded as lw impact travel t undisturbed places.
【譯文】生態(tài)旅游通常被認為是到不受干擾的地方的影響比較低的旅行。
assumptin n. 假定；承擔；獲得
industry n. 工業(yè)；產(chǎn)業(yè)（經(jīng)濟詞匯）；工業(yè)界；勤勞
adpt v. 領養(yǎng)；采用；正式通過；移居；承襲；提名為候選人
長難句
Systems thinking is crucial t achieving targets such as zer hunger and better nutritin because it requires cnsidering the way in which fd is prduced, prcessed, delivered and cnsumed, and lking at hw thse things intersect (交叉 ) with human health, the envirnment, ecnmics and sciety.
【解析】句意：系統(tǒng)思維對于實現(xiàn)零饑餓和更好的營養(yǎng)等目標至關重要，因為它需要考慮食物的生產(chǎn)、加工、交付和消費方式，并研究這些東西是如何與人類健康、環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟和社會交叉的（交叉）。
Tracking f 150 bichemicals in fd has been imprtant in revealing the relatinships between calries, sugar, fat and the ccurrence f cmmn diseases.
【解析】句意：追蹤食物中的150種生物化學物質(zhì)對于揭示卡路里、糖、脂肪和常見疾病的發(fā)生之間的關系非常重要。
Crystal knew that visins alne dn’t prduce results, but cncluded that “we’ll never prduce results that we can’t envisin.
【解析】句意：克里斯托爾知道，僅僅是愿景并不會產(chǎn)生結果，但他得出結論說：“我們永遠不會產(chǎn)生我們無法想象的結果?！?br> 真題剖析
（2022年北京卷 D篇閱讀理解）議論文
Quantum ( 量子 ) cmputers have been n my mind a lt lately. A friend has been sending me articles n hw quantum cmputers might help slve sme f the biggest challenges we face as humans. I’ve als had exchanges with tw quantum-cmputing experts. One is cmputer scientist Chris Jhnsn wh I see as smene wh helps keep the field hnest. The ther is physicist Philip Taylr.
Fr decades, quantum cmputing has been little mre than a labratry curisity. Nw, big tech cmpanies have invested in quantum cmputing, as have many smaller nes. Accrding t Business Weekly, quantum machines culd help us “cure cancer, and even take steps t turn climate change in the ppsite directin.” This is the srt f hype ( 炒作 ) that annys Jhnsn. He wrries that researchers are making prmises they can’t keep. “What’s new,” Jhnsn wrte, “is that millins f dllars are nw ptentially available t quantum cmputing researchers.”
As quantum cmputing attracts mre attentin and funding, researchers may mislead investrs, jurnalists, the public and, wrst f all, themselves abut their wrk’s ptential. If researchers can’t keep their prmises, excitement might give way t dubt, disappintment and anger, Jhnsn warns. Lts f ther technlgies have gne thrugh stages f excitement. But smething abut quantum cmputing makes it especially prne t hype, Jhnsn suggests, perhaps because “‘quantum’ stands fr smething cl yu shuldn’t be able t understand.” And that brings me back t Taylr, wh suggested that I read his bk Q fr Quantum.
After I read the bk, Taylr patiently answered my questins abut it. He als answered my questins abut PyQuantum, the firm he c-funded in 2016. Taylr shares Jhnsn’s cncerns abut hype, but he says thse cncerns d nt apply t PyQuantum.
The cmpany, he says, is clser than any ther firm “by a very large margin ( 幅度 )” t building a “useful” quantum cmputer, ne that “slves an impactful prblem that we wuld nt have been able t slve therwise.” He adds, “Peple will naturally discunt my pinins, but I have spent a lt f time quantitatively cmparing what we are ding with thers.”
Culd PyQuantum really be leading all the cmpetitin “by a wide margin”, as Taylr claims? I dn’t knw. I’m certainly nt ging t advise my friend r anyne else t invest in quantum cmputers. But I trust Taylr, just as I trust Jhnsn.
11．Regarding Jhnsn’s cncerns, the authr feels ________.
A．sympatheticB．uncncernedC．dubtfulD．excited
12．What leads t Taylr’s ptimism abut quantum cmputing?
A．His dminance in physics.B．The cmpetitin in the field.
C．His cnfidence in PyQuantum.D．The investment f tech cmpanies.
13．What des the underlined wrd “prne” in Paragraph 3 mst prbably mean?
A．Open.B．Cl.C．Useful.D．Resistant.
14．Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Is Jhnsn Mre Cmpetent Than Taylr?
B．Is Quantum Cmputing Redefining Technlgy?
C．Will Quantum Cmputers Ever Cme int Being?
D．Will Quantum Cmputing Ever Live Up t Its Hype?
【篇章導讀】本文是一篇議論文。主要論述了“量子計算真的會像它的宣傳那樣成功嗎？”，計算機科學家克里斯·約翰遜和物理學家菲利普·泰勒分別闡明了自己的觀點。
【答案】A
【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三自然段“As quantum cmputing attracts mre attentin and funding, researchers may mislead investrs, jurnalists, the public and, wrst f all, themselves abut their wrk’s ptential. If researchers can’t keep their prmises, excitement might give way t dubt, disappintment and anger, Jhnsn warns. （隨著量子計算吸引了更多的關注和資金，研究人員可能會誤導投資者、記者、公眾，最糟糕的是，他們自己的工作潛力。約翰遜警告說，如果研究人員不能兌現(xiàn)承諾，興奮可能會讓位于懷疑、失望和憤怒）”根據(jù)最后一段“ But I trust Taylr, just as I trust Jhnsn.”（但我相信泰勒，就像我相信約翰遜一樣）可知，關于約翰遜的擔憂，作者是支持的。A. sympathetic同情的，贊同的；B. uncncerned不關心的；C. dubtful懷疑的；D. excited激動的。故選A。
【答案】C
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“The cmpany, he says, is clser than any ther firm “by a very large margin ( 幅度 )” t building a “useful” quantum cmputer, ne that “slves an impactful prblem that we wuld nt have been able t slve therwise.” He adds, “Peple will naturally discunt my pinins, but I have spent a lt f time quantitatively cmparing what we are ding with thers.”（他說，這家公司比其他任何公司都“在很大程度上”接近于制造出“有用的”量子計算機，它“解決了一個有影響力的問題，否則我們無法解決這個問題”。他補充說:“人們自然會不相信我的觀點，但我已經(jīng)花了很多時間來定量地比較我們與他人的做法）”可知，泰勒對量子計算的樂觀來源于他對PyQuantum的信心。故選C。
【答案】A
【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三自然段“But smething abut quantum cmputing makes it especially prne t hype, Jhnsn suggests, perhaps because “‘quantum’ stands fr smething cl yu shuldn’t be able t understand.”（但約翰遜表明，量子計算的某些方面使得它特別 prne被炒作，可能是因為“量子”代表了一些你不應該理解的酷東西?！保笨芍?，本句中含有一個原因狀語從句，因為““量子”代表了一些你不應該理解的酷東西”，所以它特別容易被炒作。故prne意為“易于……的”。A. Open.開放的；易受損害的；B. Cl. 酷的；C. Useful. 有用的；D. Resistant. 有抵抗力的。故選A。
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二自然段“Nw, big tech cmpanies have invested in quantum cmputing, as have many smaller nes. Accrding t Business Weekly, quantum machines culd help us “cure cancer, and even take steps t turn climate change in the ppsite directin. This is the srt f hype ( 炒作 ) that annys Jhnsn.”（現(xiàn)在，大型科技公司和許多小型公司都在量子計算領域進行了投資。據(jù)《商業(yè)周刊》報道，量子機器可以幫助我們“治愈癌癥，甚至采取措施將氣候變化轉(zhuǎn)向相反的方向。這種炒作讓約翰遜感到惱火。”）”以及最后一段“Culd PyQuantum really be leading all the cmpetitin “by a wide margin”, as Taylr claims? I dn’t knw. I’m certainly nt ging t advise my friend r anyne else t invest in quantum cmputers.（PyQuantum真的能像泰勒所說的那樣“以巨大的優(yōu)勢”領先所有競爭對手嗎？我不知道。我當然不會建議我的朋友或其他人投資量子計算機。但我信任泰勒，就像我信任約翰遜一樣。）”可知，本文主要論述了“量子計算真的會像它的宣傳那樣成功嗎？”，計算機科學家克里斯·約翰遜和物理學家菲利普·泰勒分別闡明了自己的觀點。所以短文的最佳標題為“量子計算真的會像它的宣傳那樣成功嗎？”。故選D。
閱讀高頻詞
decade n. 十年
curisity n. 好奇心；求知欲；奇物；珍品
（高考鏈接 2021年浙江卷閱讀理解）He was thrilled t be ding the cmedy that he always felt he shuld d, but even during his last few years, he always had a sense f curisity, wndering what new rle r challenge might be just arund the cmer.
【譯文】他很高興能出演這部他一直認為自己應該出演的喜劇，但即使是在他生命的最后幾年，他也一直有一種好奇心，想知道他眼前可能還有什么新的角色或挑戰(zhàn)。
invest v. 投資；投入（時間/精力等）；授予
ppsite prep. 在…的對面；與…合演 adj. 對面的；截然相反的 n. 對立物
ptentially adv. 潛在地；可能地
attract v. 吸引，招引；引起（反應）
（高考鏈接 2020年天津卷閱讀理解）This can be useful fr businesses such as restaurants and stres because it ffers a new way t attract custmers.
【譯文】這對餐館和商店等企業(yè)很有用，因為它提供了吸引顧客的新途徑。
mislead v. 誤導；將…引入歧途；欺騙
stand fr 代表；為…而奮斗；擁護
cmpetitin n. 競爭；比賽；競爭者
（高考鏈接 2021 年全國甲卷閱讀理解） Take a view is a desirable annual cmpetitin fr phtgraphers frm all cmers f the UK and beynd.
【譯文】對于英國和世界各地的攝影師來說，Take a view 都是一項令人渴望的年度大賽。
discunt n. 折扣； v. 打折；認為…不重要
長難句
“What’s new,” Jhnsn wrte, “is that millins f dllars are nw ptentially available t quantum cmputing researchers.”
【解析】句意：“新的是，”約翰遜寫道，“現(xiàn)在量子計算研究人員可能有數(shù)百萬美元。”本句直接引語中是復合句。What引導主語從句，that引導表語從句，在表語從句中并不充當句子成分。
But smething abut quantum cmputing makes it especially prne t hype, Jhnsn suggests, perhaps because “‘quantum’ stands fr smething cl yu shuldn’t be able t understand.”
【解析】句意：但約翰遜認為，量子計算的一些東西讓它特別容易被炒作，也許是因為“‘量子”代表了一些你不應該理解的很酷的東西?！?br>3. “Peple will naturally discunt my pinins, but I have spent a lt f time quantitatively cmparing what we are ding with thers.”
【解析】句意：人們自然會低估我的觀點，但我花了很多時間來定量比較我們和其他人所做的事情?！眘mething后面省略關系代詞that引導的定語從句，修飾smething。
拔高突破練（應用文，記敘文，說明文組合限時練）
Passage 1 應用文
80% f the students wh take ur curses are mature students wh have nt dne any frmal study fr several years. The curses at Westley Business Schl (WBS) require a gd knwledge f varius skills. If yu need sme extra preparatin befre yur curse, lk belw and see if any f ur preparatin curses suit yur needs. All curses take place in August and fr registered students, the curses listed belw are free.
Statistics
A grunding in statistics is a must fr any wuld-be business student. This ne-week curse cnsists f ne lecture every night. The tutr will ensure that yu will have had a thrugh intrductin t all the statistical skills yu need t start yur curse at WBS. Each lecture runs frm 6 pm t 9 pm.
Essay Writing
This is a self-study pack cntaining guidance, practice and tests. After 10 hurs f self-study, yu will receive a ne-hur tutrial with the essay writing tutr wh will g ver yur wrk with yu.
Basic Math
This is a ne-ff lecture f 3 hurs aimed at reviewing the basic math yu will vaguely remember frm schl! This curse is run n a first-cme, first-served basis and there are nly 20 places (the first Mnday in August frm 5:45 pm t 8:45 pm), s dn’t be late.
Cmputing
This tw-week curse (Mn — Fri frm 6:30 pm t 8:30 pm) will give students all the basic cmputer skills needed fr their curses at WBS. There are tw curses running at the same time with nly 10 places in each, s bk early!
Unless therwise stated, yu must bk in advance fr these curses at the WBS receptin.
1．What can be knwn abut the preparatin curses at WBS?
A．They require many different skills.
B．They are free fr registered students.
C．They are intended fr adults.
D．They take place n weekends.
2．What is special abut Essay Writing?
A．It needs yu t pass sme tests first.
B．It will be given n Mnday evenings.
C．It takes 10 hurs t imprve yur writing.
D．It requires students t study n their wn.
3．Which curse takes the least time?
A．Statistics.B．Essay Writing.
C．Basic Math.D．Cmputing.
【篇章導讀】這是一篇應用文。主要介紹了Westley商學院一些成年人可選課程的相關信息。
1.【答案】B
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“All curses take place in August and fr registered students, the curses listed belw are free.(所有課程都在8月進行，對于注冊學生，以下列出的課程是免費的)”可知，WBS的準備課程對于注冊過的學生免費。故選B項。
2．【答案】D
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Essay Writing部分中“This is a self-study pack cntaining guidance, practice and tests. After 10 hurs f self-study, yu will receive a ne-hur tutrial with the essay writing tutr wh will g ver yur wrk with yu.(這是一個自學包，包含指導、練習和測試。在10小時的自學之后，你將接受一個小時的論文寫作指導，他將和你一起檢查你的工作)”可知，論文寫作課程需要學生自學，故選D項。
3．【答案】C
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Statistics(數(shù)據(jù))部分中“This ne-week curse cnsists f ne lecture every night.(這個為期一周的課程包括每晚一場講座)”、Essay Writing(散文寫作)部分中“After 10 hurs f self-study(經(jīng)過10個小時的自學后)”、Basic Math(基礎數(shù)學)部分中“This is a ne-ff lecture f 3 hurs…(這是一次3小時的講座……)”以及Cmputing(計算機)部分中“This tw-week curse…(這個為期兩周的課程……)”可知，基礎數(shù)學課程需要的時間最少。故選C項。
Passage 2 應用文
Whether yu’re making a ne-ff trip t Lndn r yu’re a regular visitr, using an Oyster travel smartcard is the easiest way t travel arund the city’s public transprt netwrk.
Advantages f a Visitr Oyster Card
A Visitr Oyster Card is ne f the best ways t pay fr single jurneys n the bus, tube, DLR, tram, Lndn Over-grund and mst Natinal Rail services in Lndn:
?Save time - yur card is ready t use as sn as yu arrive in Lndn.
?It’s mre than 50% cheaper than buying a paper travel card r single tickets with cash.
?There is a daily price cap - nce yu have reached this limit, yu wn’t pay any mre.
?Enjy special ffers and prmtins at leading Lndn restaurants, shps, and entertainment venues—plus discunts n the Emirates Air Line cable car and Thames Clippers River buses.
Buy a Visitr Oyster Card
Buy a Visitr Oyster card befre yu visit Lndn and get it delivered t yur hme address. A card csts ￡3 (nn-refundable) plus pstage. Order nline and arrive with yur Oyster in hand! Yu can als buy a Visitr Oyster card frm Gatwick Express ticket ffices at Gatwick Airprt Statin and n-bard Eurstar trains travelling t Lndn.
Tp Up(充值)Yur Visitr Oyster Card
Yu can chse hw much credit t add t yur card. If yu are visiting Lndn fr tw days, yu can start with ￡ 20 credit. If yu run ut f credit, add credit at the fllwing lcatins:
?Tuch screen ticket machines in tube, DLR, Lndn Over-grund and sme Natinal Rail statins.
?Arund 4,000 Oyster Ticket Stps fund in newsagents and small shps acrss Lndn.
?TFL Visitr and Travel Infrmatin Centers.
?Tube and Lndn Over-grund statin ticket ffices.
?Emirates Air Line terminals.
4．What benefit will yu get frm a Visitr Oyster Card when travelling in Lndn?
A．It increases yur wrking efficiency.
B．It allws yu t have meals free f charge.
C．It saves yu mney n transprtatin.
D．It prvides a 50% discunt at a Lndn shp.
5．Hw many ways are mentined t buy a Visitr Oyster Card in the passage?
A．2.B．3.C．4.D．5.
6．Where can yu tp up yur Visitr Oyster card?
A．At Gatwick Express ticket ffices.
B．At a tube statin ticket ffice.
C．On the Internet.
D．On Eurstar trains.
【篇章導讀】本文是一篇應用文。無論你是來倫敦的一次性旅行，還是經(jīng)常來倫敦旅游，使用Oyster旅行智能卡是在倫敦公共交通網(wǎng)絡上旅行的最簡單方式。文章主要介紹了Oyster旅行智能卡相關介紹。
4.【答案】C
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Advantages f a Visitr Oyster Card”部分中的“It’s mre than 50% cheaper than buying a paper travel card r single tickets with cash.(它比紙質(zhì)旅行卡或用現(xiàn)金購買單程票便宜50%以上。)”可知，使用Oyster旅行智能卡可以省錢。故選C。
5.【答案】B
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Buy a Visitr Oyster Card”部分中“Order nline and arrive with yur Oyster in hand! Yu can als buy a Visitr Oyster card frm Gatwick Express ticket ffices at Gatwick Airprt Statin and n-bard Eurstar trains travelling t Lndn.( 在線訂購和Visitr Oyster cards送至您的手上！你也可以在蓋特威克機場站的蓋特威克快線售票處和前往倫敦的歐洲之星列車上購買Visitr Oyster card。)”可知，此處提及了三種購買Visitr Oyster card的方式。故選B。
【答案】B
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tp Up(充值)Yur Visitr Oyster Card”部分中“Tube and Lndn Over-grund statin ticket ffices.(地鐵和倫敦地上車站售票處。)”可知，可以在地鐵和倫敦地上車站售票處上給Visitr Oyster card充值。故選B。
Passage 3 記敘文
Since being intrduced t chess at the tender age f six, Tani Adewumi has had ne gal. He wants t becme the wrld’s yungest-ever Grandmaster — the highest title a chess player can achieve. The recrd is currently held by Russian chess player Sergey Alexandrvich Karjakin, wh qualified fr the title in 2002 at the age f 12 years and seven mnths. On May 1, 2021, 10-year-ld Tani came ne step clser t achieving his dream by becming the United States’ newest natinal chess master.
Tani attained the title, which is awarded by the United States Chess Federatin (USCF), by defeating tw chess experts, a master, and an internatinal master, in the Fairfield Cunty Chess Club Champinship turnament. The chess prdigy says the secret t his success is thinking f his plays ahead f time. Tani said, “I can d up t 20 mves in advance.”
The nw fifth-grader fell in lve with chess in 2017 after being expsed t the basics by a part-time teacher at his elementary schl in Manhattan, New Yrk. Hwever, his mther was unwilling t allw him t jin the schl’s chess club due t the travel and chess cmpetitin csts. The family f fur was living in a hmeless shelter and did nt have extra funds t spare.
In 2019, the then eight-year-ld, wh was still living in a hmeless shelter, made natinal headlines when he defeated 73 cmpetitrs t win the New Yrk State Schlastic Chess K-3 Champinship. His stry went viral (走紅) and a GFundMe campaign, set up by Makfsky, helped raise enugh funds fr Tani and his family t mve int a permanent hme.
Tani’s stry was dcumented in a 2020 bk entitled My Name Is Tani... And I Believe In Miracles. The bk is currently being adapted fr the big screen by American authr and cmedian Trevr Nah. We wnder if Tani will get t play himself in the mvie!
7．What d we knw abut Tani?
A．He wn the highest title f chess in 2002.
B．He dreams f becming the wrld’s Grandmaster.
C．He is the yungest chess master in the US.
D．He has learned chess fr mre than twelve years.
8．What des the underlined wrd “prdigy” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Genius.B．Beginner.
C．Cmpetitr.D．Participant.
9．What made it difficult fr Tani t learn chess?
A．N basics f chess.B．Pr family situatin.
C．His parents’ disapprval.D．Lack f gd guidance.
10．What can be learned abut the mvie abut Tani?
A．It must be a cmedy.B．It will make chess mre ppular.
C．It must be an inspiring stry.D．It will invite Tani t play himself.
【篇章導讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述Tani想成為世界上有史以來最年輕的大師——國際象棋選手能獲得的最高頭銜。并于2021的5月1日，10歲的Tani離實現(xiàn)他的夢想又近了一步，成為美國最新的國家象棋大師。
7. 【答案】B
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“Since being intrduced t chess at the tender age f six, Tani Adewumi has had ne gal. He wants t becme the wrld’s yungest-ever Grandmaster — the highest title a chess player can achieve. (自從六歲那年被引入國際象棋，Tani Adewumi就有了一個目標。他想成為世界上有史以來最年輕的大師——國際象棋選手能獲得的最高頭銜。)”可知，Tani Adewumi夢想成為世界大師。故選B項。
8．【答案】A
【解析】詞句猜測題。由文章第二段中“Tani attained the title, which is awarded by the United States Chess Federatin (USCF), by defeating tw chess experts, a master, and an internatinal master, in the Fairfield Cunty Chess Club Champinship turnament. (Tani在費爾菲爾德縣國際象棋俱樂部錦標賽中擊敗了兩位國際象棋專家，一位大師和一位國際大師，獲得了美國國際象棋聯(lián)合會（USCF）授予的頭銜。)”可知，Tani擊敗了高手，由此可推知，他是一位象棋“天才”，所以猜測prdigy是“天才”的意思。故選A項。
9.【答案】B
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中“Hwever, his mther was unwilling t allw him t jin the schl’s chess club due t the travel and chess cmpetitin csts. The family f fur was living in a hmeless shelter and did nt have extra funds t spare.(然而，由于旅行和象棋比賽的費用，他的母親不愿意讓他加入學校的象棋俱樂部。四口之家住在一個無家可歸的庇護所，沒有多余的資金。)”可知，他家貧窮的情況讓Tani很難學棋。故選B項。
10．【答案】C
【解析】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Tani’s stry was dcumented in a 2020 bk entitled My Name Is Tani... And I Believe In Miracles. The bk is currently being adapted fr the big screen by American authr and cmedian Trevr Nah. We wnder if Tani will get t play himself in the mvie!(Tani的故事記錄在2020年的一本書中，書名為《我的名字是塔尼……我相信奇跡》。這本書目前正由美國作家兼喜劇演員特雷弗·諾亞改編成大屏幕。我們想知道塔尼是否會在電影中扮演自己！)”以及結合全文可知，這部電影主要講Tani的成功故事，所以應是很勵志的。故選C項。
Passage 4 記敘文
Last year I ruined my summer vacatin by bringing alng a mdem cnvenience that was t cnvenient fr my wn gd: the iPad. Instead f lking at nature, I checked my email. Instead f paddling a small bat, I fllwed my Twitter feed. Instead f reading great nvels, I stuck t reading fur newspapers each mrning. I was behaving as if I were still in the ffice. My bdy was n vacatin but my head wasn’t.
S this year I made up my mind t try smething different: withdrawal frm the Internet. I knew it wuldn’t be easy since I’m bad at self-cntrl. But I was determined. I started by giving the iPad t my wife.
The cellphne signal at ur huse was wrse than in the past, making my attempts at cheating an experience in frustratin. I was trapped, frced t g thrugh with my plan. Largely cut ff frm e-mail, Twitter and my favrite newspaper websites, I had few ways t cnnect t the wrld except fr radi and hw much radi can ne listen t, really? I had t d what I had planned t all alng: read bks.
This experience has had a happy ending. With determinatin and the strng supprt f my wife, I wn in my vacatin struggle against the Internet, realizing finally that it was I, nt the iPad, that was the prblem. I knew I had wn when we passed a Starbucks and my wife asked if I wanted t stp t use the Wi-Fi. “I dn’t need it,” I said.
Hwever, as we return t pst-vacatin life, a harder test begins: Can I cntinue when I’m back t wrk? There are times when the need t knw what’s being said right nw is great. And I have n intentin f giving up my cnvenience cmpletely. But I hpe t resist the temptatin(誘惑)t check my e-mail every five minutes, which leads t checking my Twitter feed and a website r tw.
I think a vacatin is suppsed t help yu reset yur brain t becme mre prductive. Here I hpe this ne wrked.
11．What d we knw abut the authr’s last summer vacatin?
A．He was determined t enjy the beautiful view.
B．He felt satisfied that he had stuck t his usual timetable.
C．He hated himself fr acting as if he were at wrk n vacatin.
D．His iPad ruined his plan f finishing a great nvel.
12．What did the authr d t keep away frm the Internet this year?
A．He cut ff his cellphne signal.
B．He handed his iPad t his wife.
C．He refused t cheat in his huse.
D．He listened t the radi mst f the time.
13．When back t wrk, the authr will prbably chse t______.
A．cntinue t read mre and mre bks.
B．stay away frm the Internet fr ever.
C．stp checking what is being said right nw cmpletely.
D．keep cntrl f when and hw t use the Internet.
14．What is the authr’s pinin f a great vacatin in the passage?
A．A vacatin means a change f pace t make ne mre prductive.
B．A vacatin is a perid f time t d whatever ne wished t.
C．A vacatin is having nthing t d but read all day.
D．A vacatin prves that a life f pleasure is vervalued.
【篇章導讀】本文是一篇記敘文，文章講述作者去年的假期被iPad毀掉了，所以今年他直接把iPad交給妻子，并遠離網(wǎng)絡。在假期里讓自己的大腦得到了充分的休息。以此告訴我們要適當控制上網(wǎng)的時間。
11.【答案】C
【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Instead f lking at nature, I checked my email. Instead f paddling a small bat, I fllwed my Twitter feed. Instead f reading great nvels, I stuck t reading fur newspapers each mrning. I was behaving as if I were still in the ffice. My bdy was n vacatin but my head wasn’t.(我沒有去看大自然，而是去查看電子郵件。我沒有劃小船，而是關注了我的推特。我堅持每天早上讀四份報紙，而不是讀精彩的小說。我表現(xiàn)得好像我還在辦公室一樣。我的身體在度休假，但我的大腦沒有。)”可知，在去年的暑假中，本來作者是應該度假的，結果查看電子郵件，關注推特以及閱讀報紙等等占據(jù)了作者的假期，表面上是度假，但實質(zhì)上像在辦公室一樣，所以作者討厭自己這種狀態(tài)。故選C。
12.【答案】B
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“S this year I made up my mind t try smething different: withdrawal frm the Internet. I knew it wuldn’t be easy since I’m bad at self-cntrl. But I was determined. I started by giving the iPad t my wife.(所以今年我下定決心要做點不一樣的事：戒掉互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。我知道這并不容易，因為我不善于自我控制。但我下定了決心。我從把iPad送給妻子開始。)”可知，作者下定決心要在假期中戒網(wǎng)，把自己的iPad交給妻子來保管。故選B。
13．【答案】A
【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“There are times when the need t knw what’s being said right nw is great. I have n intentin f giving up my cnvenience cmpletely. But I hpe t resist the temptatin t check my e-mail every five minutes, which leads t checking my Twitter feed and a website r tw.(有時候，想知道現(xiàn)在正在說什么是很重要的。我不打算完全放棄我的便利。但我希望能抵制住每五分鐘查看一次電子郵件的誘惑，這會導致我查看Twitter和一兩個網(wǎng)站。)”可知，作者會控制使用網(wǎng)絡的時間和次數(shù)。故選D。
14.【答案】A
【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“I think a vacatin is suppsed t help yu rest yur brain t becme mre prductive. Here I hpe this ne wrked.(我認為假期應該幫助你的大腦得到休息，從而變得更有效率。我希望這個方法有效。)”可知，作者認為假期可以幫助我們的大腦休息并變得更加有思想性和創(chuàng)造性。故選A。
Passage 5 說明文
I live in the land f Disney, Hllywd and year-rund sun. Yu may think peple in such a glamrus, fun-filled place are happier than thers. If s, yu have sme mistaken ideas abut the nature f happiness.
Many intelligent peple still equate happiness with fun. The truth is that fun and happiness have little r nthing in cmmn. Fun is what we experience during an act. Happiness is what we experience after an act. It is a deeper, mre abiding emtin.
Ging t an amusement park r ball game, watching a mvie r televisin, are fun activities that help us relax, temprarily frget ur prblems and maybe even laugh. But they d nt bring happiness, because their psitive effects end when the fun ends.
I have ften thught that if Hllywd stars have a rle t play, it is t teach us that happiness has nthing t d with fun. These rich, beautiful individuals have cnstant access t glamrus parties, fancy cars, expensive hmes, everything that spells “happiness”. But in memir after memir, celebrities reveal the unhappiness hidden beneath all their fun: depressin, alchlism, drug addictin, brken marriages, trubled children and prfund lneliness.
Ask a bachelr why he resists marriage even thugh he finds dating t be less and less satisfying. If he’s hnest, he will tell yu that he is afraid f making a cmmitment. Fr cmmitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure and excitement. Marriage has such mments, but they are nt its mst distinguishing features.
Similarly, cuples that chse nt t have children are deciding in favr f painless fun ver painful happiness. They can dine ut ever they want and sleep as late as they want. Cuples with infant children are lucky t get a whle night’s sleep r a three-day vacatin. I dn’t knw any parent wh wuld chse the wrd fun t describe raising children.
Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nthing t d with fun is ne f the mst liberating realizatins we can ever cme t. It liberates time: nw we can devte mre hurs t activities that can genuinely increase ur happiness. It liberates mney: buying that new car r thse fancy clthes that will d nthing t increase ur happiness nw seems pintless. And it liberates us frm envy: we nw understand that all thse rich and glamrus peple we were s sure are happy because they are always having s much fun actually may nt be happy at all.
15．Which f the fllwing is true?
A．Fun creates lng-lasting satisfactin.
B．Fun prvides enjyment while pain leads t happiness.
C．Happiness is enduring whereas fun is shrt-lived.
D．Fun that is lng-standing may lead t happiness.
16．T the authr, Hllywd stars all have an imprtant rle t play that is t ________.
A．write memir after memir abut their happiness
B．tell the public that happiness has nthing t d with fun
C．teach peple hw t enjy their lives
D．bring happiness t the public instead f ging t glamrus parties
17．Having infant children, the cuples can ________.
A．a(chǎn)re lucky since they can have a whle night’s sleep
B．find fun in tucking them int bed at night
C．find mre time t play and jke with them
D．derive happiness frm their endeavr
18．If ne gets the meaning f the true sense f happiness, he will ________.
A．stp playing games and jking with thers
B．make the best use f his time increasing happiness
C．give a free hand t mney
D．keep himself with his family
【篇章導讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了幸福與樂趣的區(qū)別，告訴我們：理解并接受真正的幸福與樂趣無關，這是我們能達到的最自由的認識之一
15.【答案】C
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Fun is what we experience during an act. Happiness is what we experience after an act. It is a deeper, mre abiding emtin.(樂趣是我們在表演過程中所體驗到的。幸福是我們在行為之后所經(jīng)歷的。它是一種更深刻、更持久的情感)”可知，C選項“幸福是持久的，而樂趣是短暫的”是正確的。故選C項。
16．【答案】B
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“I have ften thught that if Hllywd stars have a rle t play, it is t teach us that happiness has nthing t d with fun.(我常常想，如果好萊塢明星有什么作用的話，那就是告訴我們，幸福與樂趣無關)”可知，對作者來說，好萊塢明星都有一個重要的作用，那就是告訴公眾幸福與樂趣無關。故選B項。
17．【答案】D
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Similarly, cuples that chse nt t have children are deciding in favr f painless fun ver painful happiness. They can dine ut ever they want and sleep as late as they want. Cuples with infant children are lucky t get a whle night’s sleep r a three-day vacatin. I dn’t knw any parent wh wuld chse the wrd fun t describe raising children.(同樣，選擇不要孩子的夫婦是在選擇無痛的樂趣而不是痛苦的幸福。他們可以隨時出去吃飯，想睡多晚就睡多晚。有嬰兒的夫婦很幸運能睡上一整夜或放三天假。我不知道有哪個父母會選擇“樂趣”這個詞來形容撫養(yǎng)孩子)”可知，有了嬰兒，夫妻可以從他們的努力中獲得幸福。故選D項。
18．【答案】B
【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nthing t d with fun is ne f the mst liberating realizatins we can ever cme t. It liberates time: nw we can devte mre hurs t activities that can genuinely increase ur happiness.(理解并接受真正的幸福與樂趣無關，這是我們能達到的最自由的認識之一。它解放了時間：現(xiàn)在我們可以把更多的時間花在真正能增加我們幸福感的活動上)”可推知，如果一個人懂得真正意義上的幸福，他就會懂得充分利用他的時間增加幸福。故選B項。
Passage 6 說明文
Mst adults retreat (后退) int a persnal, quiet wrld inside their heads when they are reading, but we may be missing ut n sme vital benefits when we d this.
Fr much f histry, reading was a fairly nisy activity. On clay tablets written in ancient Iraq and Syria sme 4,000 years ag, the cmmnly used wrds fr “t read” literally meant “t cry ut” r “t listen”. “I am sending a very urgent message,” says ne letter frm this perid. “Listen t this tablet. If it is apprpriate, have the king listen t it.”
Tday, silent reading is the nrm. The majrity f us bttle the wrds in ur heads as if sitting in the quiet space f a library. Reading ut lud is largely reserved fr bedtime stries and perfrmances.
But a grwing bdy f research suggests that we may be missing ut by reading nly with the vices inside ur minds. Clin MacLed, a psychlgist at the University f Waterl in Canada, and his clleagues have fund that peple cnsistently remember wrds and texts better if they read them alud than if they read them silently. This memry-bsting effect f reading alud is particularly strng in children, but it wrks fr lder peple, t. “It’s beneficial thrughut the age range,” says MacLed.
MacLed has named this phenmenn the “prductin effect”. And it has been replicated (復制) in numerus studies spanning mre than a decade. In ne study in Australia, a grup f 7- t 10-year-lds were presented with a list f wrds and asked t read sme silently, and thers alud. Afterwards, they crrectly recgnized 87% f the wrds they’d read alud, but nly 70% f the silent nes. In anther study, adults aged 67 t 88 were given the same task — reading wrds either silently r alud. They were able t recall 27% f the wrds they had read alud, but nly 10% f thse they’d read silently.
The prductin effect is strngest if we read alud urselves. But listening t smene else read can benefit memry in ther ways. In a study led by researchers at the University f Perugia in Italy, students read extracts frm nvels t a grup f elderly peple with dementia (癡呆) ver a ttal f 60 sessins. The listeners perfrmed better in memry tests after the sessins than befre, pssibly because the stries made them draw n their wn memries and imaginatin, and helped them srt past experiences int sequences. “It seems that actively listening t a stry leads t mre intense and deeper infrmatin prcessing,” the researchers cncluded.
In a time when ur interactins with thers and the infrmatin we take in are all t transient (短暫的), perhaps it is wrth making a bit mre time fr reading ut lud. Perhaps yu even gave it a try with this article, and enjyed hearing it in yur wn vice?
19．Why des the authr mentin the ancient clay tablets?
A．T tell the histry f silent reading.
B．T indicate the benefits f reading.
C．T explain the ancient meaning f reading.
D．T illustrate the ancient way f reading.
20．What has MacLed fund ut?
A．It is very difficult fr adults t read ut lud.
B．Reading alud can benefit peple regardless f age.
C．Reading alud is n lnger ppular in mdern life.
D．We can imprve ur memry by writing dwn wrds.
21．What will happen when we listen t a stry actively?
A．We will prcess the infrmatin deeply.
B．We will achieve little prductin effect.
C．We will avid suffering mental diseases.
D．We will likely reflect n ur past experiences.
22．What wuld be the mst suitable title fr the text?
A．The best way t imprve ur memry
B．We shuld d silent reading prperly
C．The surprising pwer f reading ut lud
D．We shuld encurage kids t read ut lud
【篇章導讀】這是一篇說明文。文章以一系列的研究和測試結果證明了大聲朗讀比默讀更有益，而這種情況往往被我們所忽略，因為現(xiàn)代社會中，默讀已是常態(tài)，文章給我們揭露了大聲朗讀的驚人力量。
19. 【答案】D
【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Fr much f histry, reading was a fairly nisy activity. On clay tablets written in ancient Iraq and Syria sme 4,000 years ag, the cmmnly used wrds fr “t read” literally meant “t cry ut” r “t listen”. “I am sending a very urgent message,” says ne letter frm this perid. “Listen t this tablet. If it is apprpriate, have the king listen t it.”(在歷史上大部分時期，“閱讀”都是一項相當喧鬧的活動。在約4000年前古伊拉克和敘利亞的泥板文獻上，常用字面意思是“大叫”或“聆聽”的詞來表達“閱讀”?！拔艺诎l(fā)送一個非常緊急的信息，”這一時期的一封信說?！奥犅犨@塊板。合適的話，就讓本王聽聽吧?！?”可知本段提到了古代泥板文獻上面用“大叫”或“聆聽”的詞來表達“閱讀”，“大叫”或者“聆聽”是古代人的閱讀的方式，故本處提到古代泥板是為了說明古代人閱讀的方式。故選D項。
20. 【答案】B
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Clin MacLed, a psychlgist at the University f Waterl in Canada, and his clleagues have fund that peple cnsistently remember wrds and texts better if they read them alud than if they read them silently. This memry-bsting effect f reading alud is particularly strng in children, but it wrks fr lder peple, t. “It’s beneficial thrughut the age range,” says MacLed.(加拿大滑鐵盧大學的心理學家Clin MacLed和他的同事發(fā)現(xiàn)，與默讀相比，人們在朗讀單詞和文本時始終能更好地記住它們。大聲朗讀的這種增強記憶力的效果在兒童中尤其明顯，但也適用于老年人?！斑@對整個年齡段都有好處，” MacLed說。)”可知MacLed和他的同事發(fā)現(xiàn)大聲朗讀對各年齡段的人都有好處，即無論年齡大小，大聲朗讀都能使人受益，故選B項。
21.【答案】A
【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段“In a study led by researchers at the University f Perugia in Italy, students read extracts frm nvels t a grup f elderly peple with dementia (癡呆) ver a ttal f 60 sessins. The listeners perfrmed better in memry tests after the sessins than befre, pssibly because the stries made them draw n their wn memries and imaginatin, and helped them srt past experiences int sequences. “It seems that actively listening t a stry leads t mre intense and deeper infrmatin prcessing,” the researchers cncluded.(在意大利佩魯賈大學的研究人員的一項研究中，學生們在總共60次會議上從小說中向一群患有癡呆病的老年人朗讀小說節(jié)錄。聽者在課后的記憶測試中比之前表現(xiàn)更好，可能是因為這些故事讓他們利用自己的記憶和想象力，幫助他們將過去的經(jīng)歷整理成序列。研究人員總結說：“似乎積極地聽故事會導致更強烈和更深入的信息處理。)”對癡呆老人的測試可知，如果積極聽故事的話，會導致更強烈和深入的信息處理，故選A項。
22.【答案】C
【解析】標題判斷題。通讀全文可知文章主要說明了大聲朗讀比默讀更有益。文章以一系列的研究和測試結果證明了這個結論，全文都在圍繞這個話題來進行闡述的，而這種情況往往被我們所忽略，因為現(xiàn)代社會中，默讀已是常態(tài)，而文章就是針對這個現(xiàn)象以有力的研究成果給我們揭露這個被我們忽略的強大的力量，即大聲朗讀的驚人力量；故C選項“The surprising pwer f reading ut lud(大聲朗讀的驚人力量)”適合作為本文標題，故選C項。
一. 閱讀理解速選技能
二. 真題詳解 (思路解析, 閱讀高頻詞,長難句分析 )
三. 拔高突破練

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