2024 年北京高考英語閱讀理解試題題材廣泛，涵蓋人與自我、人與社會和人與自然等多個主題語境，貼近時代、貼近社會、貼近生活、貼近學生。試題依托語篇，全面考查學生的閱讀理解能力，突出高階思維的考查，引導中學教學回歸課標、回歸課堂。閱讀理解的選材注重價值引領，體現(xiàn)學科的育人功能。例如，有的文章講述了作者在一次考試失敗后，不斷突破自我、鍥而不舍追逐夢想的歷程；有的文章指出人類應停止“宇宙是不是模擬”的爭論，依托新的科技成果，創(chuàng)造性地探索未知世界；還有的文章從科學的視角探討道德規(guī)范的根源。這些文章不僅有助于考生獲取有效信息，正確認識世界和中國發(fā)展大勢，還能培養(yǎng)考生的國際意識和文化素養(yǎng)。
閱讀理解題型多樣，包括細節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題、主旨大意題等。試題考查考生對語篇內容、語篇結構的理解和把握，以及對語篇內容的分析、闡釋和評價。
推理判斷題就是根據(jù)某個事實推斷結論，主要考查大家通過文章的表面文字信息，進行分析、綜合、歸納等邏輯推理的能力。這類題通常包括：數(shù)據(jù)事實推斷、常識推斷，以及對作者的寫作目的、態(tài)度和傾向等的推斷。 做這類題時，同學們應該根據(jù)文章中的相關語句，對與事實有關的細節(jié)加以分析，找出線索，悟出字里行間的意思，反復比較，從而作出合乎邏輯的判斷。
推理判斷題
推理判斷隱含意義題解題思路：
推理判斷是一種創(chuàng)造性的思維活動，但它并非無章可循。推理判斷題要在閱讀理解整體語篇的基礎上，把握文章的真正內涵。答案不可能在文章中直接找到，而且推理時我們務必要忠于原文，在文章中尋找并確定可推論的依據(jù)，準確理解文中的已知部分，再結合語境和常識推論出未知部分，作者的言外之意。
①要吃透文章的字面意思，從字里行間捕捉有用的提示和線索，這是推理的前提和基礎;
②要對文字的表面信息進行挖掘加工，由表入里、由淺入深、從具體到抽象、從非凡到一般，通過分析、綜合、判定等，進行深層處理，符合邏輯地推理。不能就是論事，斷章取義，以偏概全。
③要忠實于原文，以文章提供的事實和線索為依據(jù)。立足已知，推斷未知。立足現(xiàn)在，猜測未來。不能主觀臆想，憑空想象，隨意揣測，更不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點;
④要把握句，段之間的邏輯關系，了解語篇的結構。要體會文章的基調，揣摸作者的態(tài)度，摸準邏輯發(fā)展的方向，悟出作者的弦外之音。
除此之外，還要注意幾個誤區(qū)：
①原文信息的簡單重復，并不是推斷出來的結論。
②文中無關緊要或片面推出的結論。
③與文章內容不符的推論或相反的推論。
④不合常理或不合邏輯的推論。
⑤雖然符合考生的常識，但文中并沒有支撐的依據(jù)。
題型01 細節(jié)推斷題
【題型詮釋】
細節(jié)判斷要求考生根據(jù)語篇關系，推斷具體細節(jié)，如時間、地點、人物關系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根據(jù)短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常識進行推理判定。因果關系判斷要求考生根據(jù)已知結果推測導致結果的可能原因。考生要正確把握文章的內涵，理解文章的真正含義。題干主要包括下列五個動詞：infer（推斷）, imply（暗示）, suggest（暗示）, cnclude（作出結論）和assume（假定，設想）。
主要設題形式：
It can be inferred frm the passage/text that _________。
The authr strngly suggests that__________.
It can be cncluded frm the passage that__________.
The paragraph fllwing the passage will mst prbably be __________.
The writer implies but nt directly states that_________
The passage is intended t__________.
The writer/authr indicates/suggests/implies that __________.
Which f the fllwing statements des the passage supprt？
Why must a pp singer wrk even harder when he has becme famus? ___________
The writer talked abut the waitress' age because he thught___________.
What des the authr imply abut newspapers?
關鍵詞句細推敲
第一步：定位細節(jié)——根據(jù)題干提供的信息，抓住某一段話的關鍵信息(關鍵詞語)。
第二步：揣摩細節(jié)——對原文中的信息進行分析，推理判斷，利用逆向思維和正向推理，從而推斷出這句話所隱含的深層含義。
注意：1.切勿拿文章中的某一個細節(jié)內容作為推理的結論。2.切勿脫離原文而憑個人看法主觀臆斷。
【典例】
（23-24高二下·北京豐臺·期末）At an airprt I verheard an ld man and his daughter in their last mments tgether. They had annunced her plane’s departure and standing near the dr, he said t his daughter, “I lve yu, I wish yu enugh.”
She said, “Daddy, ur life tgether has been mre than enugh. Yur lve is all I ever needed. I wish yu enugh, t, Daddy. ” They kissed gd-bye and she left.
He walked ver tward the windw where I was seated. Standing there I culd see he wanted and needed t cry. I tried nt t intrude n his privacy, but he welcmed me in by asking, “Did yu ever say gd-bye t smene knwing it wuld be frever?” “Yes, I have,” I replied.
Saying that brught back memries I had f expressing my lve and appreciatin fr all my Dad had dne fr me. Recgnizing that his days were limited, I tk the time t tell him face t face hw much he meant t me. S I knew what this man was experiencing.
“Frgive me fr asking, but why is this a frever gd-bye?” I asked.
“I am ld and she lives much t far away. I have challenges ahead and the reality is, her next trip back will be fr my funeral,” he said.
“When yu were saying gd-bye I heard yu say, ‘I wish yu enugh. ‘May I ask what that means?”
He began t smile. “That’s a wish that has been handed dwn frm ther generatins. My parents used t say it t everyne. ”He paused fr a mment and lking up as if trying t remember it in detail, he smiled even mre.
“When we said ‘I wish yu enugh’, we were wanting the ther persn t have a life filled with enugh gd things t sustain them, ”he cntinued and then turning tward me, he shared the fllwing as if he were reciting it frm memry.
“I wish yu enugh sun t keep yur attitude bright. I wish yu enugh rain t appreciate the sun mre. I wish yu enugh happiness t keep yur spirit alive. I wish yu enugh pain s that the smallest jys in life appear much bigger. I wish yu enugh gain t satisfy yur wanting. I wish yu enugh lss t appreciate all that yu pssess. I wish enugh ‘Hells’ t get yu thrugh the final ‘Gd-bye’. ”
1．The ld man want t cry because _______
A．he was guilty fr nt lving his daughter enugh
B．his daughter didn’t care abut him as expected
C．he had a slim chance t see his daughter again
D．his daughter’s parting wrds made him sad
2．The authr mentined his Dad t shw________
A．his appreciatin fr his father’s devtin
B．his srrw fr his father leaving the wrld
C．his understanding f the ld man’s feeling
D．his cncern fr the ld man’s mental state
3．What message des the ld man’s wish cnvey?
A．Every mment is a blessing.
B．Great hpes make great men.
C．Happiness lies in cntentment.
D．T get time is t get everything.
4．Accrding t the passage, which can best describe the ld man?
A．Helpful and gentle.B．Wise and lving.
C．Mdest and thughtful.D．Kind and generus.
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在機場一位老人與女兒告別的情景，通過他們的對話展現(xiàn)了親情、離別與祝愿的主題，同時也穿插了作者自身的回憶與感悟。
1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段““I am ld and she lives much t far away. I have challenges ahead and the reality is, her next trip back will be fr my funeral,” he said. (“我老了，她住得太遠了。我面臨著挑戰(zhàn)，而現(xiàn)實是，她下次回來將是參加我的葬禮?！?”可知，老人知道自己可能無法活到女兒下次回來的時候，因此這可能是他們最后一次見面，所以老人想哭。故選C。
2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Standing there I culd see he wanted and needed t cry. I tried nt t intrude n his privacy, but he welcmed me in by asking, “Did yu ever say gd-bye t smene knwing it wuld be frever?” “Yes, I have,” I replied. (站在那里，我看得出他想哭，也需要哭。我盡量不去侵犯他的隱私，但他歡迎我，問我：“你有沒有跟一個明知要永遠再見的人說再見？”我回答說：“是的?！?”和第四段“Saying that brught back memries I had f expressing my lve and appreciatin fr all my Dad had dne fr me. Recgnizing that his days were limited, I tk the time t tell him face t face hw much he meant t me. S I knew what this man was experiencing. (這句話勾起了我對父親為我所做的一切表達愛和感激的回憶。意識到他的日子不多了，我花時間當面告訴他，他對我來說有多重要。所以我知道這個人正在經歷什么。)”可知，作者提到自己的父親是因為他曾經也有過向父親表達愛與感激的經歷，認識到父親的日子有限，親自面對面地告訴父親他對自己的意義。這表明作者對老人的感受有著深刻的理解。故選C。
3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““I wish yu enugh sun t keep yur attitude bright. I wish yu enugh rain t appreciate the sun mre. I wish yu enugh happiness t keep yur spirit alive. I wish yu enugh pain s that the smallest jys in life appear much bigger. I wish yu enugh gain t satisfy yur wanting. I wish yu enugh lss t appreciate all that yu pssess. I wish enugh ‘Hells’ t get yu thrugh the final ‘Gd-bye’. ” (“我希望你有足夠的陽光，讓你的態(tài)度保持光明。愿你有足夠的雨水，讓你更欣賞陽光。我希望你有足夠的快樂來保持你的精神活力。我希望你有足夠的痛苦，讓生活中最小的快樂也變得更大。我希望你有足夠的收獲來滿足你的需要。我希望你有足夠的損失來珍惜你所擁有的一切。我希望有足夠的‘你好’讓你度過最后的‘再見’。”)”可知，老人的愿望傳達了：每一刻都是一種祝福，都是幸福的時刻。故選A。
4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“At an airprt I verheard an ld man and his daughter in their last mments tgether. They had annunced her plane’s departure and standing near the dr, he said t his daughter, “I lve yu, I wish yu enugh.” (在機場，我無意中聽到一位老人和他的女兒在一起的最后時刻。他們宣布了她的飛機起飛，他站在門口對女兒說：“我愛你，我希望你足夠?！?”以及最后一段““I wish yu enugh sun t keep yur attitude bright. I wish yu enugh rain t appreciate the sun mre. I wish yu enugh happiness t keep yur spirit alive. I wish yu enugh pain s that the smallest jys in life appear much bigger. I wish yu enugh gain t satisfy yur wanting. I wish yu enugh lss t appreciate all that yu pssess. I wish enugh ‘Hells’ t get yu thrugh the final ‘Gd-bye’. ” (“我希望你有足夠的陽光，讓你的態(tài)度保持光明。愿你有足夠的雨水，讓你更欣賞陽光。我希望你有足夠的快樂來保持你的精神活力。我希望你有足夠的痛苦，讓生活中最小的快樂也變得更大。我希望你有足夠的收獲來滿足你的需要。我希望你有足夠的損失來珍惜你所擁有的一切。我希望有足夠的‘你好’讓你度過最后的‘再見’?！?”可知，老人充滿智慧并且深愛著他的家人。故選B。
題型02 文章來源推斷題
【題型詮釋】
推測文章的來源或者推測讀者對象要求讀者本身要具備一定常識，文章提供的內容才能與讀者本身已經儲備的常識結合起來。比如讀者本身要對報紙、雜志、網絡、科普、小說、童話、廣告、教材、說明書、旅游指南、藥品說明、操作指南等有基本的了解，這樣才能根據(jù)文章的特點對號入座，選出最佳答案。
主要設題形式：
This passage wuld mst like be fund in…
In which f the fllwing publicatins wuld this passage mst likely be printed?
The passage is prbably taken ut f______.
Where des this text prbably cme frm?
Where is the passage mst likely t have been taken frm?
技巧點撥：這類問題應從文章的內容或結構來判斷其出處：
旅游指南類文章(a travel guide)：此類文章旨在介紹某一旅游景點的自然景觀和人文特色，目的是吸引游客來訪。
廣告英語類文章(an advertisement)：現(xiàn)代生活中廣告無處不在，英語閱讀理解也是如此。有時會考查微型海報、通知、啟示、時刻表、圖表等。
課件展示類文章(a class presentatin)：此類文章往往緊扣主題，口語性強、語言活潑，形式新穎，伴隨有圖片、圖表、文字介紹等信息。
網絡網頁類文章(an Internet page)：此類文章往往會提供超級鏈接標志，如Fr mre infrmatin, please click here.
新聞報道類文章(a news reprt)：此類文章內容廣泛，涉及人物、時政、教育、體育、科技等，突出新穎性、突發(fā)性和真實性。新聞呈“倒金字塔”結構，第一段概括全文內容，下面陳述細節(jié)。
研究報告類文章(a research paper)：此類文章重點介紹科技領域最新研究成果：新發(fā)現(xiàn)、新思想、新發(fā)明。第一段概括介紹，然后分段陳述。文章結構嚴謹，語言規(guī)范，句式復雜。
圖書評論類文章(a bk review)：書評、影評類文章涉及到作者介紹，內容梗概、人物性格評論，寫作特色以及個人好惡等內容。
科普雜志類文章(a science magazine)：此類文章內容廣泛，涉及到日常生活習慣、健康飲食、太空與海洋、創(chuàng)造與發(fā)明、計算機發(fā)展、人類未來、動物世界等。其重點是普及科學知識，提高科學素養(yǎng)。
題型03 人物性格，態(tài)度及觀點判斷題
【題型詮釋】
一是樂觀支持類：psitive肯定的favrable 支持的，贊同的supprtive支持的apprval贊成的
二是客觀中立類：bjective客觀的neutral中立的cautius謹慎的
三是消極反對類：negative否定的ppsite相反的unfair公正的dubtful懷疑的indifferent漠不關心的critical批評的irnic諷刺的。
方法點撥
不要加入自己的態(tài)度。
第二，要學會根據(jù)作者在文章中所運用詞匯的褒貶性去判斷作者的態(tài)度，尤其是動詞、形容詞和副詞，如wnderfully, successfully, unfrtunately, dubtfully 等。
第三，態(tài)度性問題的選項一般分為以下三種：
1. 中性詞：disinterested（無私的）, uninterested（不感興趣的）, neutral（中立的）, indifferent（無關緊要的）, impassive（冷漠的）, humrus（幽默的）等；
2. 褒義詞：psitive（積極的）, wnderful（奇妙的）, supprtive（支持的）, useful, interesting, enthusiastic(熱情的), admiring（贊賞的），sympathetic（同情的）等；
3. 貶義詞：disgust（厭惡）, critical（批評的）, negative（否定的，消極的）, tlerant（寬恕的）, disappintment（失望）等。
【典例】
（23-24高二上·北京西城·期末）
When I was an undergraduate student studying eclgy, I was used t discvering verall trends in large amunts f data. The thught f getting my hands dirty in the field never seemed interesting t me. I saw it as a bring and repetitive task. But I knew ptential graduate schls wuld likely view my lack f field experience as a hle in my applicatin letter. My mther als thught I shuld wrk fr a few years t explre my interests befre pursuing further educatin. S I decided t apply fr field-based summer psitins after graduatin.
After landing a jb assessing the sage gruse habitat in Utah, I fund myself in the cmpany f Sherel, a 75-year-ld btanist and the leader f ur field crew. On the very first day f the fieldwrk, I nticed a special plant n the field. “Wnderful! Lks like yu’ve gt a Mahnia repens,” Sherel shuted excitedly. I gently tuched the plant with yellw flwers by my feet, “This ne here? Hw can yu tell it’s a Mahnia?” He paused briefly t admire the plant and then began his energetic descriptin f the plant’s typical features. That evening, while we were watching the sunset tgether, I texted my childhd friend. “Day I was actually kind f fun,” I started, “but we’ll see hw lng it takes befre I get bred frm just identifying plants in the field all day.”
But as the weeks f fieldwrk rlled by, the bredm I had expected never arrived. I came hme frm the field each night with sre legs and a sunburned neck, excited by the day’s finds. By picking Sherel’s brain abut different species f animals and plants, I discvered field days are abut much mre than identificatin. Each day is an pprtunity t learn a little bit mre. When the summer was ver, I fund myself in anther field jb, this time surveying frest in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula.
I’m nw a third-year Ph. D．student in eclgy. Fieldwrk may be buggy, wet, and physically demanding, but wrking with thers helps keep spirits high and the physical activity helps me stay sharp. And it cnstantly reminds me that any task can present an pprtunity t learn — as lng as I am pen t it.
30．What des the authr think f fieldwrk nw?
A．Easy but interesting.B．Bring but fruitful.
C．Tiring but meaningful.D．Repetitive but demanding.
【答案】 30．C
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，作者是一名研究生態(tài)學的本科生，不愿意進行田野里實地研究，在母親的勸說下，為進一步深造做準備，作者在畢業(yè)后申請了實地暑期職位，這段經歷讓作者明白任何任務都可以提供學習的機會。
30．推理判斷題。由最后一段中“Fieldwrk may be buggy, wet, and physically demanding, but wrking with thers helps keep spirits high and the physical activity helps me stay sharp. (實地研究可能很麻煩，很潮濕，對體力要求很高，但與他人一起工作有助于保持高昂的精神狀態(tài)，體育活動有助于我保持敏捷)”可知，作者認為實地研究對體力要求很高但有好處，可得出它是累人但有意義的。選C項。
題型04 猜測想象推理題
【題型詮釋】
有些內容文章中沒有明確說明，要求考生根據(jù)語篇，對事件可能的結局或下段可能涉及的內容等進行猜測推理。做這類題時應把握作者的寫作思路，如文章可能按事件發(fā)展的經過描寫，也可能按因果關系、對比關系來敘述，從而作出比較科學的、合情合理的猜測。
主要設題形式：
What d yu think will happen when/if…?
At the end f this passage, the writer might cntinue t write _______.
Which f the fllwing statements is mst likely t be talked abut in the third paragraph?
Which f the fllwing is the mst likely reply the dctr gave the wman patient at the end f the stry?
做這類題時，應把握作者的寫作思路(如文章可能按事件發(fā)展的經過描寫，也可能按因果關系，對比關系來敘述)，從而作出比較科學的，合情合理的猜測。和原文中表達一致的答案，一定不能選。
【典例】
（23-24高二下·北京西城·期末）In 2014, a year int her retirement, Mrag Warrack fund herself in a village hall in the Surrey hills, surrunded by middle-aged men thrwing each ther n t the flr. “When entering the classrm, I was terrified and thught all these men wuld be shcked by an ld wman walking in,” she says. “The teacher encuraged me t stay and I realized they were all kind and curius abut me being there. That was my first experience f learning aikid.”
At 59, Warrack, wh had recently handed in her resignatin, began reading up n mindfulness practices. “The mre I lked int mindfulness, the mre aikid kept cming up,” she says. “These bks were recmmending it as a way t cnnect the mind, bdy and spirit.”
Attracted by the idea, Warrack fund a lcal class where she culd take a beginners’ sessin. Despite her struggles, Warrack kept returning. While her husband and tw children were supprtive, they weren’t tempted t jin in. “They just thught: Mum’s ff n ne again,” she says. Warrack carried n and, after tw years f practice, she began mving up the graded system f belt rankings and nticing a change in herself. “Aikid was making me way mre cnfident,” she says, “Since my reactins gt quicker, my balance was better and my crdinatin (協(xié)調性) imprved, I had a real understanding f my wn bdy and it became a metaphr (比喻) fr hw t be in life; hw t avid attack withut hurting the ther persn.”
By January 2019, Warrack was determined t achieve her black belt and began training with the nly ther persn in her class wh was at the same level as her: a 181cm plice fficer. “It was a very dd pairing. Nt least because he’s s strng and s I had t learn hw t use my skills rather than strength against him,” she says.
In December 2021, Warrack, at the age f 66, tk her black belt test. Fr 20 minutes, she had t defend her psitin against attackers ne after anther befre facing the final randri, where fur peple attack at nce. “One guy kicked me and split my lip,” she laughs. “It made me s angry, but that’s what I needed t keep ging.” She passed, making her ne f the ldest peple t achieve an aikid black belt in the UK.
18．After tw years f practice, Warrack ________.
A．grew mre patientB．turned int a better self
C．realized her full ptentialD．became aware f her weakness
【答案】 18．B
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位名叫Mrag Warrack的66歲女性，在退休后開始練習Aikid，并最終在2021年獲得了黑帶資格，成為英國達到該級別年齡最大的女性之一。她的經歷表現(xiàn)了Aikid不僅對身體有好處，還能增強信心和自我意識，她在練習中克服了困難和挑戰(zhàn)，展示了堅韌和毅力。
18．推理判斷題。第三段中“Warrack carried n and, after tw years f practice, she began mving up the graded system f belt rankings and nticing a change in herself. “Aikid was making me way mre cnfident,” she says, “Since my reactins gt quicker, my balance was better and my crdinatin (協(xié)調性) imprved, I had a real understanding f my wn bdy and it became a metaphr (比喻) fr hw t be in life; hw t avid attack withut hurting the ther persn.”(Warrack繼續(xù)練習，在兩年的訓練后，她開始在腰帶等級制度中升級，并注意到自己發(fā)生了變化。她說：“Aikid讓我變得更加自信，因為我的反應更快了，平衡感更好，協(xié)調性也提高了，我真正理解了自己的身體，它成為了一個生活的隱喻，即如何在避免傷害他人的同時避免受到攻擊?！?”可知，經過兩年的練習，Warrack在腰帶等級制度中開始上升，并且注意到了自己的變化。她變得更加自信，反應更快，平衡更好，協(xié)調性也提高了。這表明她成為了一個更好的自己。故選B。
題型05 寫作意圖推測題
【題型詮釋】
此題型要求考生根據(jù)文章的論述，在復雜的語境條件下把握作者的思路，推測作者隱藏的思想及真正的寫作意圖及運用某種寫作手法的目的。作者一般不直接陳述自己的意圖，而是通過文章所提供的事實和形象，客觀地使讀者信服某種想法或意見。此類題屬于得分率較低的高難度題。
寫作意圖推測題的常見設問方式有：
Fr what purpse did the authr write the passage?
The writer writes this passage in rder t _________.
The purpse f the text is t _________.
What is the purpse f the last part f the text?
The writer uses…in the first paragraph t ________.
The writer uses the example f….t _________.
推理判斷題的干擾項的設置通常有一下特點
第一，它和原文講的真正的意思之間有一點點的區(qū)別，而我們的考生往往忽略了細微的區(qū)別。
第二，干擾項跟原文講的一模一樣，你仔細看問題就會發(fā)現(xiàn)它和意思不相關，問題問的重點和它是不相關的。
第三，干擾項經常出現(xiàn)文章當中的原詞的表達，就是原文的意思，屬于文中已言明的事實，文中已明確說明的內容不需要推理，推理以原文中心為依據(jù)，引申要適度。
【典例】
（23-24高二下·北京朝陽·期末）It turns ut patience isn’t always a virtue. By the time Nalin Kamat was 13, the Trnt teen had been well n his way t becming a wrking artist. He had already had his first shw at a lcal arts centre. Yet he wanted mre — specifically t start shwing his wrks in a juried exhibitin, where art experts wuld evaluate and select pieces in a cmpetitive review prcess, ensuring that nly the mst utstanding wrks are included in the exhibitin. That’s when he ran int a prblem, discvering in the very last line f a multi-page applicatin that the minimum age fr submissin was 18.
That rejectin became a fuel fr creatin. “As yung artists, we dn’t get as much credit as I think we deserve, and we als dn’t get many pprtunities t shwcase the amunt f wrk we put int the art. I thught it’d be really cl if I culd prvide the pprtunity fr mre yung artists,” says Nalin, nw 15.
With the supprt f his parents, in January 2023, Nalin funded Little EGG Gallery, a cmmercial studi nly fr underage artists. The gallery, which is nw prfitable enugh, charges a small fee fr any displayed wrk and takes a 15 percent service fee n sales. In turn, Little EGG Gallery helps prmte yung talents by shwcasing their wrks.
Nt lng after pening, David Griffin, a prfessr and artist frm Ontari Cllege f Art and Design University, happened t cme acrss the gallery while walking with his wife in their neighburhd. Upn meeting Nalin, Griffin says he understd that he was speaking with smene special, “a strng yung artist with a really excellent idea, which was t create a space fr shwing the lcal cmmunity the easy, natural genius f yung peple.” A cnnectin was frmed, and Nalin asked Griffin t help judge an upcming cmpetitin. The first juried shw was last spring, and the tp three winners each received a $50 cash prize. Five-year-ld Jack Gamble wn fr his abstract painting titled Pkemn.
Given hw busy Nalin is with schl life and his wn art, Little EGG Gallery is mstly pen by appintment nly, but he’s still devted t grwing the gallery with seasnal and themed shws scheduled a few times a year.
Nalin believes that yung artists are free t be mre creative. In an interview with CBC Kids News, he said, “I think when yu’re yunger, yu have mre creativity. Yu see beauty in mre things and when yu get lder, it kind f stps. I dn’t want t see anyne prevented frm creating their art.
16．What can we learn frm Nalin Kamat’s stry?
A．Wisdm arises frm experience.B．Everything cmes t thse wh wait.
C．Luck matters t ne’s career success.D．Innvative thughts increase ne’s chances.
【答案】 16．D
【導語】本文屬于記敘文。文章主要講述了少年Nalin Kamat在面臨藝術界年齡限制的挑戰(zhàn)后，受到啟發(fā)創(chuàng)立Little EGG Gallery，為未成年藝術家提供展示平臺的故事。
16．推理判斷題。由文章第二段“That rejectin became a fuel fr creatin. “As yung artists, we dn’t get as much credit as I think we deserve, and we als dn’t get many pprtunities t shwcase the amunt f wrk we put int the art. I thught it’d be really cl if I culd prvide the pprtunity fr mre yung artists,” says Nalin, nw 15. (這種拒絕成為了創(chuàng)造的動力。“作為年輕的藝術家，我們沒有得到我認為應得的贊譽，我們也沒有很多機會展示我們在藝術上付出的努力。我想如果我能為更多的年輕藝術家提供機會，那就太酷了，”現(xiàn)年15歲的Nalin說。)”及最后一段“Nalin believes that yung artists are free t be mre creative. In an interview with CBC Kids News, he said, “I think when yu’re yunger, yu have mre creativity. Yu see beauty in mre things and when yu get lder, it kind f stps. I dn’t want t see anyne prevented frm creating their art. (納林認為，年輕藝術家可以自由地發(fā)揮自己的創(chuàng)造力。在接受CBC兒童新聞采訪時，他說：“我認為當你年輕的時候，你會有更多的創(chuàng)造力。你會在更多事物中發(fā)現(xiàn)美，但隨著年齡的增長，美就會消失。我不想看到任何人被阻止創(chuàng)作他們的藝術。)”可知，Nalin的故事展示了他如何面對年齡限制的挫折，創(chuàng)新性地創(chuàng)立了自己的畫廊來支持年輕藝術家，這表明創(chuàng)新思維可以增加個人成功的機會。因此，選項D“Innvative thughts increase ne’s chances. (創(chuàng)新思維增加機會。)”最符合題意。故選D。
【高考真題】
【2024北京卷】
When I was a little girl, I liked drawing, freely and jyusly making marks n the walls at hme. In primary schl, I learned t write using chalks. Writing seemed t be anther frm f drawing. I shaped individual letters int repeating lines, which were abstract frms, delightful but meaningless patterns.
In secndary schl, art was my favurite subject. Since. I lved it s much I thught I was gd at it. Fr the art O-level exam I had t present an il painting. I fund it difficult, but still hped t pass. I failed, with a lw grade. I’d been ver-cnfident. Nw I’d been declared talentless.
But ther channels f creativity stayed pen: I went n writing pems and stries. Still, I went t exhibitins ften. I cntinued my habitual drawing, which I nw characterised as childish ddling (亂畫). In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways f lking at art. Hwever, I culdn’t let myself have a g at actually ding it. Thugh these new friends were abstract painters using il paints, r were printmakers r sculptrs, I tk il painting as the tab (禁忌) high frm I wasn’t allwed t practice.
One night, in my early 40s, I dreamed that a big wman in red apprached me, handed me a bag f paints, and tld me t start painting. The dream felt s authritative that it shk me. It was a frm f energy, giving me back smething I’d lst. Accrdingly, I started by experimenting with water clurs. Finally, I bught sme il paints.
Althugh I have enjyed breaking my decades-lng tab abut wrking with il paints, I have discvered I nw prefer chalks and ink. I let my line drawings turn int cartns I send t friends. It all feels free and easy. Un-anxius. This time arund, I can accept my limitatins but keep ging.
Becming a successful painter calls fr being reslute. I realised I was always afraid f wanting t much. That dream reminded me that thse fears and desires culd encurage me t take risks and make experiments.
24. Hw did the authr feel abut the result f the art exam?
A. Scared.B. Wrried.C. Discuraged.D. Wrnged.
26. Which wrd wuld best describe the authr’s dream?
A. Cnfusing.B. Empwering.
C. Disturbing.D. Entertaining.
27. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Actins speak luder than wrds.B. Hard wrk is the mther f success.
C. Dreams are the reflectins f realities.D. Creative activities invlve being cnfident.
【答案】24. C 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者一直喜歡繪畫，但中學時由于油畫測試成績較低，作者對繪畫失去了信心。在40歲出頭時，一個夢讓作者重拾畫油畫的信心并接受了自身局限性的故事。
【24題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“I fund it difficult, but still hped t pass. I failed, with a lw grade. I’d been ver-cnfident. Nw I’d been declared talentless.(我覺得很難，但仍希望能通過測試。我沒有通過，而且成績很低。我過于自信了?，F(xiàn)在，我被宣布為毫無(油畫)天賦的人了)”并結合下文中作者多年不碰油畫的經歷可推知，作者對美術考試的結果感到氣餒。故選C。
【26題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“The dream felt s authritative that it shk me. It was a frm f energy, giving me back smething I’d lst. (這個夢給我的感覺是如此的權威，它震撼了我。它是能量的一種形式，讓我回我失去了的東西)”可知，作者的夢賦予作者練習油畫的力量。故選B。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Becming a successful painter calls fr being reslute. I realised I was always afraid f wanting t much. (成為一名成功的畫家需要有決心。我意識到我總是害怕想要得太多)”及文章內容可知，本文主要講述了作者一直喜歡繪畫，但中學時由于油畫測試成績較低，作者對繪畫失去了信心。在40歲出頭時，一個夢讓作者重拾畫油畫的信心并接受了自身局限性的故事。由此可推知，我們能從文章中學到創(chuàng)作活動需要自信，故選D。
The ntin that we live in smene else’s vide game is irresistible t many. Searching the term “simulatin hypthesis” (模擬假說) returns numerus results that debate whether the universe is a cmputer simulatin —— a cncept that sme scientists actually take seriusly. Unfrtunately, this is nt a scientific questin. We will prbably never knw whether it’s true. We can, instead, use this idea t advance scientific knwledge.
The 18th-century philspher Kant argued that the universe ultimately cnsists f things-in-themselves that are unknwable. While he held the ntin that bjective reality exists, he said ur mind plays a necessary rle in structuring and shaping ur perceptins. Mdern sciences have revealed that ur perceptual experience f the wrld is the result f many stages f prcessing by sensry systems and cgnitive (認知的) functins in the brain. N ne knws exactly what happens within this black bx. If empirical (實證的) experience fails t reveal reality, reasning wn’t reveal reality either since it relies n cncepts and wrds that are cntingent n ur scial, cultural and psychlgical histries. Again, a black bx.
S, if we accept that the universe is unknwable, we als accept we will never knw if we live in a cmputer simulatin. And then, we can shift ur inquiry frm “Is the universe a cmputer simulatin?” t “Can we mdel the universe as a cmputer simulatin? ” Mdelling reality is what we d. T facilitate ur cmprehensin f the wrld, we build mdels based n cnceptual metaphrs (隱喻) that are familiar t us. In Newtn’s era, we imagined the universe as a clck. In Einstein’s, we uncvered the standard mdel f particle (粒子) physics.
Nw that we are in the infrmatin age, we have new cncepts such as the cmputer, infrmatin prcessing, virtual reality, and simulatin. Unsurprisingly, these new cncepts inspire us t build new mdels f the universe. Mdels are nt the reality, hwever. There is n pint in arguing if the universe is a clck, a set f particles r an utput f cmputatin. All these mdels are tls t deal with the unknwn and t make discveries. And the mre tls we have, the mre effective and insightful we can becme.
It can be imagined that cmparable t the prcess f building previus scientific mdels, develping the “cmputer simulatin” metaphr-based mdel will als be a hugely rewarding exercise.
28. What des the authr intend t d by challenging a hypthesis?
A. Make an assumptin.B. Illustrate an argument.
C. Give a suggestin.D. Justify a cmparisn.
30. As fr Kant’s argument, the authr is _________.
A. appreciativeB. dubtfulC. uncncernedD. disapprving
31. It is implied in this passage that we shuld _________.
A. cmpare the current mdels with the previus nes
B. cntinue explring the classical mdels in histry
C. stp arguing whether the universe is a simulatin
D. turn simulatins f the universe int realities up.
【答案】28. C 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了哲學家對于宇宙的認知和信息時代下的作者對于宇宙爭論的看法。
【28題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Searching the term “simulatin hypthesis” (模擬假說) returns numerus results that debate whether the universe is a cmputer simulatin —— a cncept that sme scientists actually take seriusly. Unfrtunately, this is nt a scientific questin. We will prbably never knw whether it’s true. We can, instead, use this idea t advance scientific knwledge.(搜索“模擬假說”這一術語會得到許多關于宇宙是否是計算機模擬的爭論結果——一些科學家實際上認真對待這個概念。不幸的是，這不是一個科學問題。我們可能永遠都不知道這是不是真的。相反，我們可以利用這個想法來推進科學知識)”可知，作者對于模擬假說提出質疑，是為了提出自己的建議，建議使用這一想法來推進科學知識。故選C項。
【30題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“The 18th-century philspher Kant argued that the universe ultimately cnsists f things-in-themselves that are unknwable. While he held the ntin that bjective reality exists, he said ur mind plays a necessary rle in structuring and shaping ur perceptins. (18世紀的哲學家康德認為，宇宙最終由不可知的事物本身組成。雖然他認為客觀現(xiàn)實是存在的，但他說，我們的大腦在構建和塑造我們的感知方面發(fā)揮著必要的作用)”以及第三段“S, if we accept that the universe is unknwable, we als accept we will never knw if we live in a cmputer simulatin.(因此，如果我們接受宇宙是不可知的，我們也接受我們永遠不會知道我們是否生活在計算機模擬中)”可知，作者引用康德的觀點，并在客觀陳述后利用該觀點來構建自己的論述，由此可知，作者對康德的論點持欣賞的態(tài)度。故選A項。
【31題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“There is n pint in arguing if the universe is a clck, a set f particles r an utput f cmputatin. All these mdels are tls t deal with the unknwn and t make discveries. And the mre tls we have, the mre effective and insightful we can becme. (爭論宇宙是否是一個時鐘、一組粒子還是計算輸出的產物是沒有意義的。所有這些模型都是處理未知事物和發(fā)現(xiàn)事物的工具。我們擁有的工具越多，我們就能變得越有效、越有洞察力)”以及第五段“It can be imagined that cmparable t the prcess f building previus scientific mdels, develping the “cmputer simulatin” metaphr-based mdel will als be a hugely rewarding exercise.(可以想象，與之前構建科學模型的過程相比，開發(fā)基于“計算機模擬”隱喻的模型也將是一項非常有益的工作)”可知，作者認為爭論宇宙是否是虛擬的，這是沒有意義的，我們應該停止爭論宇宙是否為模擬，而應該著手于將其作為一個模型來探索和理解，這樣會更有助于科學的進步。故選C項。
Franz Bas’s descriptin f Inuit (因紐特人) life in the 19th century illustrates the prbable mral cde f early humans. Here, nrms (規(guī)范) were unwritten and rarely expressed clearly, but were well understd and taken t heart. Dishnest and vilent behaviurs were disapprved f; leadership, marriage and interactins with ther grups were lsely gverned by traditins. Cnflict was ften reslved in musical battles. Because arguing angrily leads t chas, it was strngly discuraged. With life in the unfrgiving Nrthern Canada being s demanding, the Inuit’s practical apprach t mrality made gd sense.
The similarity f mral virtues acrss cultures is striking, even thugh the relative ranking f the virtues may vary with a scial grup’s histry and envirnment. Typically, cruelty and cheating are discuraged, while cperatin, humbleness and curage are praised. These universal nrms far pre-date the cncept f any mralising religin r written law. Instead, they are rted in the similarity f basic human needs and ur shared mechanisms fr learning and prblem slving. Our scial instincts (本能) include the intense desire t belng. The apprval f thers is rewarding, while their disapprval is strngly disliked. These scial emtins prepare ur brains t shape ur behaviur accrding t the nrms and values f ur family and ur cmmunity. Mre generally, scial instincts mtivate us t learn hw t behave in a scially cmplex wrld.
The mechanism invlves a repurpsed reward system riginally used t develp habits imprtant fr self-care. Our brains use the system t acquire behaviural patterns regarding safe rutes hme, efficient fd gathering and dangers t avid. Gd habits save time, energy and smetimes yur life. Gd scial habits d smething similar in a scial cntext. We learn t tell the truth, even when lying is self-serving; we help a grandparent even when it is incnvenient. We acquire what we call a sense f right and wrng.
Scial benefits are accmpanied by scial demands: we must get alng, but nt put up with t much. Hence self-discipline is advantageus. In humans, a greatly enlarged brain bsts self-cntrl, just as it bsts prblem-slving skills in the scial as well as the physical wrld. These abilities are strengthened by ur capacity fr language, which allws scial practices t develp in extremely unbvius ways.
32. What can be inferred abut the frming f the Inuit’s mral cde?
A. Living cnditins were the drive.B. Unwritten rules were the target.
C. Scial traditin was the basis.D. Hnesty was the key.
【答案】32. C
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要圍繞人類道德規(guī)范的起源進行討論，介紹了早期人類道德準則的形成過程及其如何根植于人類基本需求及共同的社會學習和問題解決機制中。
【32題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Here, nrms (規(guī)范) were unwritten and rarely expressed clearly, but were well understd and taken t heart. Dishnest and vilent behaviurs were disapprved f; leadership, marriage and interactins with ther grups were lsely gverned by traditins. Cnflict was ften reslved in musical battles. Because arguing angrily leads t chas, it was strngly discuraged. With life in the unfrgiving Nrthern Canada being s demanding, the Inuit’s practical apprach t mrality made gd sense. (在這里，規(guī)范是不成文的，很少明確表達，但被很好地理解和銘記。不贊成不誠實和暴力行為；領導、婚姻以及與其他群體的互動都受到傳統(tǒng)的松散控制。沖突往往通過音樂斗爭來解決。因為憤怒的爭論會導致混亂，所以強烈反對。在無情的加拿大北部，生活的要求如此之高，因紐特人對待道德的務實態(tài)度很有道理)”可知，因紐特人的生活中，規(guī)范是不成文的，因紐特人的道德準則的形成是以社會傳統(tǒng)為基礎的。故選C項。
【2023北京卷】
【2023北京卷】Sitting in the garden fr my friend’s birthday. I felt a buzz (振動) in my pcket. My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started ff: “Dear Mr Green, thank yu fr yur interest” and “the review prcess tk lnger than expected.” It ended with “We are srry t infrm yu…” and my visin blurred (模糊). The psitin—measuring sil quality in the Sahara Desert as part f an undergraduate research prgramme — had felt like the answer I had spent years lking fr.
I had put s much time and emtinal energy int applying, and I thught the rejectin meant the end f the rad fr my science career.
S I was shcked when, nt lng after the email, Prfessr Mary Devn, wh was running the prgramme, invited me t bserve the wrk being dne in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shcked—and verjyed—when she invited me t talk with her abut ptential prjects I culd pursue in her lab. What she prpsed didn’t seem as exciting as the riginal prject I had applied t, but I was ging t give it my all.
I fund myself wrking with a rbtics prfessr n techniques fr cllecting data frm the desert remtely. That prject, which I culd cmplete frm my sfa instead f in the burning heat f the desert, nt nly survived the lckdwn but wrked where traditinal methds didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest t pursue.
When I applied t graduate schl, I fund three prgrammes prmising t allw me t fllw my desired research directin. And I applied with the same anxius excitement as befre. When I was rejected frm ne that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective (視角) t keep it frm sending me int panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted int ne f the ther prgrammes I was als excited abut.
Rather than setting plans in stne, I’ve learned that smetimes I need t take the pprtunities that are ffered, even if they dn’t sund perfect at the time, and make the mst f them.
24．Hw did the authr feel upn seeing the email sender’s name?
A．Anxius.B．Angry.C．Surprised.D．Settled.
26．Accrding t the authr, the prject with the rbtics prfessr was ________.
A．demandingB．inspiringC．misleadingD．amusing
27．What can we learn frm this passage?
A．An invitatin is a reputatin.B．An innvatin is a reslutin.
C．A rejectin can be a redirectin.D．A reflectin can be a restrictin.
【答案】24．A 26．B 27．C
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章中作者結合自己被拒絕后得到了更好的職業(yè)發(fā)展機會，告訴我們最初的拒絕給予了更好的方向。
24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started ff: “Dear Mr Green, thank yu fr yur interest” and “the review prcess tk lnger than expected.” It ended with “We are srry t infrm yu…”and my visin blurred (模糊). (當我看到郵件發(fā)件人的名字時，我的心跳加速了。這封郵件是這樣開頭的：“親愛的格林先生，感謝您的關注”，“審核過程比預期的要長?！毙诺慕Y尾是“我們很抱歉地通知你……”，我的視線模糊了)”可知，收到的是被拒絕的郵件，所以推測作者在看到電子郵件發(fā)件人的名字時感到焦慮。故選A。
26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“I fund myself wrking with a rbtics prfessr n techniques fr cllecting data frm the desert remtely. That prject, which I culd cmplete frm my sfa instead f in the burning heat f the desert, nt nly survived the lckdwn but wrked where traditinal methds didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest t pursue. (我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己和一個機器人教授一起研究從沙漠中遠程收集數(shù)據(jù)的技術。我可以在沙發(fā)上完成這個項目，而不是在沙漠的酷熱中完成，它不僅在封鎖期間幸存下來，而且在傳統(tǒng)方法不奏效的地方也奏效了。最后，我有了新的科學興趣去追求)”可推知，機器人學教授的項目很鼓舞人心。故選B。
27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Rather than setting plans in stne, I’ve learned that smetimes I need t take the pprtunities that are ffered, even if they dn’t sund perfect at the time, and make the mst f them. (我明白了有時候我需要抓住提供的機會，即使這些機會在當時聽起來并不完美，也要充分利用，而不是一成不變地制定計劃)”結合文章中作者結合自己被拒絕后得到了更好的職業(yè)發(fā)展機會，告訴我們最初的拒絕給予了更好的方向。故C選項“拒絕可以是重定向”最符合文章的主旨。故選C。
In recent years, researchers frm diverse fields have agreed that shrt-termism is nw a significant prblem in industrialised scieties. The inability t engage with lnger-term causes and cnsequences leads t sme f the wrld’s mst serius prblems: climate change, bidiversity cllapse, and mre. The histrian Francis Cle argues that the West has entered a perid where “nly the present exists, a present characterised at nce by the cruelty f the instant and by the bredm f an unending nw”.
It has been prved that peple have a bias (偏向) twards the present, fcusing n lud attractins in the mment at the expense f the health, well-being and financial stability f their future selves r cmmunity. In business, this bias surfaces as shrt-sighted decisins. And n slw-burning prblems like climate change, it translates int the unwillingness t make small sacrifices (犧牲) tday that culd make a majr difference tmrrw. Instead, all that matters is next quarter’s prfit, r satisfying sme ther near-term desires.
These biased perspectives cannt be blamed n ne single cause. It is fair t say, thugh, that ur psychlgical biases play a majr rle. Peple’s hesitancy t delay satisfactin is the mst bvius example, but there are thers. One f them is abut hw the mst accessible infrmatin in the present affects decisins abut the future. Fr instance, yu might hear smene say: “It’s cld this winter, s I needn’t wrry abut glbal warming.”Anther is that lud and urgent matters are given t much imprtance, making peple ignre lnger-term trends that arguably matter mre. This is when a pp star draws far mre attentin than, say, gradual bidiversity decline.
As a psychlgist nce jked, if aliens (外星人) wanted t weaken humanity, they wuldn’t send ships; they wuld invent climate change. Indeed, when it cmes t envirnmental transfrmatins, we can develp a frm f cllective “pr memry”, and each new generatin can believe the state f affairs they encunter is nthing ut f the rdinary. Older peple tday, fr example, can remember a time with insect-cvered car windscreens after lng drives. Children, n the ther hand, have n idea that insect ppulatin has drpped dramatically.
28．The authr qutes Francis Cle mainly t ________.
A．draw a cmparisn
B．intrduce a tpic
C．evaluate a statement
D．highlight a prblem
29．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．Climate change has been frgtten.
B．Lessns f histry are highly valued.
C．The human mind is bad at nting slw change.
D．Humans are unwilling t admit their shrtcmings.
30．What des the authr intend t tell us?
A．Far-sighted thinking matters t humans.
B．Humans tend t make lng-term sacrifices.
C．Current plicies facilitate future decisin-making.
D．Bias twards the present helps reduce near-term desires.
【答案】28．D 29．C 30．A
【導語】本文是說明文。近年來，來自不同領域的研究人員一致認為，短期主義現(xiàn)在是工業(yè)化社會的一個重大問題。事實證明，人們對現(xiàn)在有偏見，以犧牲健康為代價，專注于當下有吸引力的事物，而犧牲了未來自己或社區(qū)的健康、幸福和財務穩(wěn)定。
28．推理判斷題。第一段首句“In recent years, researchers frm diverse fields have agreed that shrt-termism is nw a significant prblem in industrialised scieties.(近年來，來自不同領域的研究人員一致認為，短期主義現(xiàn)在是工業(yè)化社會的一個重大問題。)”提出一個問題——短期主義，接著下文“The histrian Francis Cle argues that the West has entered a perid where “nly the present exists, a present characterised at nce by the cruelty f the instant and by the bredm f an unending nw”.(歷史學家弗朗西斯?科爾（Francis Cle）認為，西方已經進入了一個“只有現(xiàn)在存在的時代，現(xiàn)在的特點是瞬間的殘酷和無休止的現(xiàn)在的無聊”。)”引用歷史學家Francis Cle的話來強調只注重現(xiàn)在的這種短期主義的危害，由此可推知，文章引用Francis Cl的話是為了強調一個問題，故選D。
29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“As a psychlgist nce jked, if aliens (外星人) wanted t weaken humanity, they wuldn’t send ships; they wuld invent climate change. Indeed, when it cmes t envirnmental transfrmatins, we can develp a frm f cllective “pr memry”, and each new generatin can believe the state f affairs they encunter is nthing ut f the rdinary.(一位心理學家曾經開玩笑說，如果外星人想削弱人類，他們不會派出飛船；他們會發(fā)明氣候變化。的確，在環(huán)境變化的問題上，我們可以形成一種集體的“記憶不良”，每一代人都會認為他們所遇到的情況并沒有什么不同尋常的)”可知，一位心理學家曾經開玩笑說，如果外星人想要削弱人類，他們會發(fā)明氣候變化，通過這種方式來削弱人類，因為人們對于氣候變化形成一種集體的“記憶不良”，認為他們所遇到的情況沒什么異常的，由此可推知人們不擅長察覺出緩慢的變化，故選C。
30．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“In recent years, researchers frm diverse fields have agreed that shrt-termism is nw a significant prblem in industrialised scieties.(近年來，來自不同領域的研究人員一致認為，短期主義現(xiàn)在是工業(yè)化社會的一個重大問題。)”提出一個問題——短期主義，和第二段“It has been prved that peple have a bias(偏向) twards the present, fcusing n lud attractins in the mment at the expense f the health, well-being and financial stability f their future selves r cmmunity. In business, this bias surfaces as shrt-sighted decisins. And n slw-burning prblems like climate change, it translates int the unwillingness t make small sacrifices(犧牲) tday that culd make a majr difference tmrrw.(事實證明人們對現(xiàn)在有偏見，以犧牲健康為代價，只專注于當下引人注目的事物，而犧牲了未來自己或社區(qū)的健康、幸福和穩(wěn)定。在商業(yè)中，這種偏見表現(xiàn)為短視決策。在氣候變化等緩慢燃燒的問題上，這意味著不愿意今天做出小的犧牲，而這些犧牲可能會在明天產生重大影響。)”可知，文章主要講述了短視決策的危害，呼吁我們要做出有遠見的思考。由此可推知，作者的寫作目的是告訴我們有遠見的思考對人類的重要性，故選A。
What is life? Like mst great questins, this ne is easy t ask but difficult t answer. The reasn is simple: we knw f just ne type f life and it’s challenging t d science with a sample size f ne. The field f artificial life-called ALife fr shrt — is the systematic attempt t spell ut life’s fundamental principles. Many f these practitiners, s-called ALifers, think that smehw making life is the surest way t really understand what life is.
S far n ne has cnvincingly made artificial life. This track recrd makes ALife a ripe target fr criticism, such as declaratins f the field’s dubtful scientific value. Alan Smith, a cmplexity scientist, is tired f such cmplaints. Asking abut “the pint” f ALife might be, well, missing the pint entirely, he says. “The existence f a living system is nt abut the use f anything.” Alan says. “Sme peple ask me, ‘S what’s the wrth f artificial life?’ D yu ever think, ‘What is the wrth f yur grandmther?’”
As much as many ALifers hate emphasizing their research’s applicatins, the attempts t create artificial life culd have practical payffs. Artificial intelligence may be cnsidered ALife’s cusin in that researchers in bth fields are enamred by a cncept called pen-ended evlutin (演化). This is the capacity fr a system t create essentially endless cmplexity, t be a srt f “nvelty generatr”. The nly system knwn t exhibit this is Earth’s bisphere. If the field f ALife manages t reprduce life’s endless “creativity” in sme virtual mdel, thse same principles culd give rise t truly inventive machines.
Cmpared with the develpments f Al, advances in ALife are harder t recgnize. One reasn is that ALife is a field in which the central cncept — life itself — is undefined. The lack f agreement amng ALifers desn’t help either. The result is a diverse line f prjects that each advance alng their unique paths. Fr better r wrse, ALife mirrrs the very subject it studies. Its muddled (混亂的) prgressin is a striking parallel (平行線) t the evlutinary struggles that have shaped Earth bisphere.
Undefined and uncntrlled, ALife drives its fllwers t repurpse ld ideas and generated nvelty. It may be, f curse, that these characteristics aren’t in any way surprising r singular. They may apply universally t all acts f evlutin. Ultimately ALife may be nthing special. But even this dismissal suggests smething：perhaps, just like life itself thrughut the universe, the rise f ALife will prve unavidable.
31．Regarding Alan Smith’s defence f ALife, the authr is .
A．supprtiveB．puzzledC．uncncernedD．dubtful
33．What can we learn frm this passage?
A．ALife hlds the key t human future.B．ALife and AI share a cmmn feature.
C．AI mirrrs the develpments f ALife.D．AI speeds up the prcess f human evlutin.
【答案】31．A 33．B
【導語】本文為說明文。文章主要探討了ALife是否也在不斷地進化的問題。
31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“As much as many ALifers hate emphasizing their research’s applicatins, the attempts t create artificial life culd have practical payffs. (盡管許多ALifer討厭強調他們研究的應用，但創(chuàng)造人工生命的嘗試可能會有實際的回報)”可知，作者認為創(chuàng)造人工生命的嘗試是會有回報的；再結合第二段“S far n ne has cnvincingly made artificial life. This track recrd makes ALife a ripe target fr criticism, such as declaratins f the field’s dubtful scientific value. Alan Smith, a cmplexity scientist, is tired f such cmplaints. Asking abut “the pint” f ALife might be, well, missing the pint entirely, he says. “The existence f a living system is nt abut the use f anything.” Alan says. “Sme peple ask me, ‘S what’s the wrth f artificial life?’ D yu ever think, ‘What is the wrth f yur grandmther?’”(到目前為止，還沒有人能令人信服地制造出人工生命。這一記錄使生命科學成為批評的成熟目標，比如對該領域可疑科學價值的聲明。復雜性科學家艾倫?史密斯厭倦了這樣的抱怨。他說，詢問ALife的“意義”可能完全沒有抓住要點?！耙粋€生命系統(tǒng)的存在與任何東西的使用無關?！盇lan說?！坝腥藛栁?，‘那么人工生命的價值是什么？’你有沒有想過，‘你祖母的價值是多少？’”)”可推知，因為還沒有人能令人信服地制造出人工生命，才導致使生命科學成為批評（認為其沒有科學價值）的成熟目標，作者認為這是不合理的，所以后文引用了Alan Smith的話語對這種觀點進行反駁，即關于Alan Smith對ALife的辯護，作者表示支持。故選A。
33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Artificial intelligence may be cnsidered ALife’s cusin in that researchers in bth fields are enamred by a cncept called pen-ended evlutin (演化).(人工智能可能被認為是ALife的表親，因為這兩個領域的研究人員都被一個叫做開放進化的概念所吸引)”可知，ALife和AI有一個共同的特點。故選B。
【2022北京卷】
My name is Alice. Early last year, I was trubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability t d anything. I felt like a strm clud hung ver me. Fr almst a year I struggled n, cnstantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectinist tendencies were the main rt f this: I wanted t be perfect at whatever I did, which bviusly in life is nt pssible, but it cnsumed me.
One day, I attended a presentatin by wildlife cnservatinist Grant Brwn at my high schl. His presentatin nt nly awed and inspired me, but als helped emerge an inner desire t make a difference in the wrld. I jined a pre-presentatin dinner with him and that smaller setting allwed me t slwly build up my curage t speak ne-n-ne with him—an idea that had seemed cmpletely impssible. This first cntact was where my stry began.
A mnth later, Brwn invited me t attend the Wrld Yuth Wildlife Cnference. Lking back, I nw see that this wuld be the first in a series f timely pprtunities that my ld self wuld have let pass, but that this new and mre cnfident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shrtly after I received his invitatin, applicatins t jin the Yuth fr Nature and the Yuth fr Planet grups were sent arund thrugh my high schl. I decided t cmmit t cmpleting the applicatins, and sn I was a part f a grwing glbal team f yung peple wrking t prtect nature. Each f these new steps cntinued t grw my cnfidence.
I am writing this just six mnths since my jurney began and I’ve realised that my biggest bstacle ( 障礙 ) this whle time was myself. It was that vice in the back f my head telling me that ne phrase that has stpped s many peple frm reaching their ptential: I can’t. They say gd things cme t thse wh wait; I say: grab every pprtunity with everything yu have and be impatient. After all, nature des nt require ur patience, but ur actin.
27. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Practice makes perfect.B. Patience is a cure f anxiety.
C. Actin is wrry’s wrst enemy.D. Everything cmes t thse wh wait.
【答案】 27. C
27.【解析】
推理判斷題。由第一段“ Early last year, I was trubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability t d anything. I felt like a strm clud hung ver me.”（去年年初，我被一種焦慮困擾，它削弱了我做任何事情的能力。）由文章第三段“I decided t cmmit t cmpleting the applicatins, and sn I was a part f a grwing glbal team f yung peple wrking t prtect nature. Each f these new steps cntinued t grw my cnfidence.(我決定完成申請，很快我就成為了一個不斷壯大的全球年輕人保護自然團隊的一員。每一步都讓我更加自信。)可知，文章主要講述作者通過參加保護自然活動治愈好了自己的焦慮。所以從文章中我們能學到行動是憂慮最大的敵人。故選C項。
“What wuld the wrld be if there were n hunger?” It’s a questin that Prfessr Crystal wuld ask her students. They fund it hard t answer, she wrte later, because imagining smething that isn’t part f real life—and learning hw t make it real—is a rare skill. It is taught t artists and engineers, but much less ften t scientists. Crystal set ut t change that, and helped t create a glbal mvement. The result—an apprach knwn as systems thinking—is nw seen as essential in meeting glbal challenges.
Systems thinking is crucial t achieving targets such as zer hunger and better nutritin because it requires cnsidering the way in which fd is prduced, prcessed, delivered and cnsumed, and lking at hw thse things intersect (交叉 ) with human health, the envirnment, ecnmics and sciety. Accrding t systems thinking, changing the fd system—r any ther netwrk—requires three things t happen. First, researchers need t identify all the players in that system; secnd, they must wrk ut hw they relate t each ther; and third, they need t understand and quantify the impact f thse relatinships n each ther and n thse utside the system.
Take nutritin. In the latest UN reprt n glbal fd security, the number f undernurished (營養(yǎng)不良 )peple in the wrld has been rising, despite great advances in nutritin science. Tracking f 150 bichemicals in fd has been imprtant in revealing the relatinships between calries, sugar, fat and the ccurrence f cmmn diseases. But using machine learning and artificial intelligence, sme scientists prpse that human diets cnsist f at least 26,000 bichemicals—and that the vast majrity are nt knwn.This shws that we have sme way t travel befre achieving the first bjective f systems t hinking - which,in this example, is t identify mre cnstituent parts f the nutritin system.
A systems apprach t creating change is als built n the assumptin that everyne in the system has equal pwer. But as sme researchers find, the fd system is nt an equal ne. A gd way t redress (修正 ) such pwer imbalance is fr mre universities t d what Crystal did and teach students hw t think using a systems apprach.
Mre researchers, plicymakers and representatives frm the fd industry must learn t lk beynd their direct lines f respnsibility and adpt a systems apprach. Crystal knew that visins alne dn’t prduce results, but cncluded that “we’ll never prduce results that we can’t envisin”.
28. The authr uses the questin underlined in Paragraph 1 t ________.
A. illustrate an argumentB. highlight an pinin
C. intrduce the tpicD. predict the ending
30. As fr systems thinking, which wuld the authr agree with?
A. It may be used t justify pwer imbalance.
B. It can be applied t tackle challenges.
C. It helps t prve why hunger exists.
D. It ges beynd human imaginatin.
【答案】28. C 30. B
【解題導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了解決全球挑戰(zhàn)的重要方法——系統(tǒng)思維。
28.【解析】
推理判斷題。由文章第一段““What wuld the wrld be if there were n hunger?” It’s a questin that Prfessr Crystal wuld ask her students. They fund it hard t answer, she wrte later, because imagining smething that isn’t part f real life—and learning hw t make it real—is a rare skill. It is taught t artists and engineers, but much less ften t scientists. Crystal set ut t change that, and helped t create a glbal mvement. The result—an apprach knwn as systems thinking—is nw seen as essential in meeting glbal challenges. (“如果沒有饑餓，世界會是什么樣子？”這是 Crystal教授會問學生的問題。她后來寫道，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)很難回答這個問題，因為想象一些不屬于現(xiàn)實生活的東西，并學習如何將其變成現(xiàn)實是一項罕見的技能。它被教授給藝術家和工程師，但很少教授給科學家。Crystal著手改變這種狀況，并幫助創(chuàng)建了一個全球運動。結果，一種被稱為系統(tǒng)思維的方法現(xiàn)在被視為應對全球挑戰(zhàn)的關鍵。)”可知，文章開頭提出問題是為了引出話題-系統(tǒng)思維的方法被視為應對全球挑戰(zhàn)的關鍵。故選C項。
30.【解析】
推理判斷題。由文章第一段“Crystal set ut t change that, and helped t create a glbal mvement. The result—an apprach knwn as systems thinking—is nw seen as essential in meeting glbal challenges.(Crystal著手改變這種狀況，并幫助創(chuàng)建了一個全球運動。結果，一種被稱為系統(tǒng)思維的方法現(xiàn)在被視為應對全球挑戰(zhàn)的關鍵。)”可知，作者認為該系統(tǒng)能應用于解決挑戰(zhàn)。故選B項。
Quantum ( 量子 ) cmputers have been n my mind a lt lately. A friend has been sending me articles n hw quantum cmputers might help slve sme f the biggest challenges we face as humans. I’ve als had exchanges with tw quantum-cmputing experts. One is cmputer scientist Chris Jhnsn wh I see as smene wh helps keep the field hnest. The ther is physicist Philip Taylr.
Fr decades, quantum cmputing has been little mre than a labratry curisity. Nw, big tech cmpanies have invested in quantum cmputing, as have many smaller nes. Accrding t Business Weekly, quantum machines culd help us “cure cancer, and even take steps t turn climate change in the ppsite directin.” This is the srt f hype ( 炒作 ) that annys Jhnsn. He wrries that researchers are making prmises they can’t keep. “What’s new,” Jhnsn wrte, “is that millins f dllars are nw ptentially available t quantum cmputing researchers.”
As quantum cmputing attracts mre attentin and funding, researchers may mislead investrs, jurnalists, the public and, wrst f all, themselves abut their wrk’s ptential. If researchers can’t keep their prmises, excitement might give way t dubt, disappintment and anger, Jhnsn warns. Lts f ther technlgies have gne thrugh stages f excitement. But smething abut quantum cmputing makes it especially prne t hype, Jhnsn suggests, perhaps because “‘quantum’ stands fr smething cl yu shuldn’t be able t understand.” And that brings me back t Taylr, wh suggested that I read his bk Q fr Quantum.
After I read the bk, Taylr patiently answered my questins abut it. He als answered my questins abut PyQuantum, the firm he c-funded in 2016. Taylr shares Jhnsn’s cncerns abut hype, but he says thse cncerns d nt apply t PyQuantum.
The cmpany, he says, is clser than any ther firm “by a very large margin ( 幅度 )” t building a “useful” quantum cmputer, ne that “slves an impactful prblem that we wuld nt have been able t slve therwise.” He adds, “Peple will naturally discunt my pinins, but I have spent a lt f time quantitatively cmparing what we are ding with thers.”
Culd PyQuantum really be leading all the cmpetitin “by a wide margin”, as Taylr claims? I dn’t knw. I’m certainly nt ging t advise my friend r anyne else t invest in quantum cmputers. But I trust Taylr, just as I trust Jhnsn.
31. Regarding Jhnsn’s cncerns, the authr feels ________.
A. sympatheticB. uncncernedC. dubtfulD. excited
【答案】31 A
31.【解析】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三自然段“As quantum cmputing attracts mre attentin and funding, researchers may mislead investrs, jurnalists, the public and, wrst f all, themselves abut their wrk’s ptential. If researchers can’t keep their prmises, excitement might give way t dubt, disappintment and anger, Jhnsn warns. （隨著量子計算吸引了更多的關注和資金，研究人員可能會誤導投資者、記者、公眾，最糟糕的是，他們自己的工作潛力。約翰遜警告說，如果研究人員不能兌現(xiàn)承諾，興奮可能會讓位于懷疑、失望和憤怒）”根據(jù)最后一段“ But I trust Taylr, just as I trust Jhnsn.”（但我相信泰勒，就像我相信約翰遜一樣）可知，關于約翰遜的擔憂，作者是支持的。A. sympathetic同情的，贊同的；B. uncncerned不關心的；C. dubtful懷疑的；D. excited激動的。故選A。
【2021北京卷】
I remember the day during ur first week f class when we were infrmed abut ur semester（學期） prject f vlunteering at a nn-prfit rganizatin．When the teacher intrduced us t the different rganizatins that needed ur help，my last chice was Operatin Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first impressin f the rganizatin was that it was nt ging t make enugh f a difference with the plans I had in mind．
Then，an OIC representative gave us sme details，which smewhat interested me．After ding sme research， I believed that we culd really d smething fr thse kids．When I went nline t the OIC website，I saw pictures f the Iraqi children．Their faces were s pwerful in sending a message f their despair（絕望） and need that I jined this prject withut hesitatin．We decided t cllect as many schl supplies as pssible，and make them int kits——ne kit，ne child．
The mst rewarding day fr ur grup was prject day，when all the effrts we put int cllecting the items finally came tgether．When I saw the varius supplies we had cllected，it hit me that every kit we were t build that day wuld eventually be in the hands f an Iraqi child．Over the past fur mnths，I had never imagined hw I wuld feel nce ur prject was cmpleted．While making the kits，I realized that I had lst sight f the true meaning behind it．I had nly fcused n the fact that it was anther schl prject and ne I wanted t get a gd grade n．When the kits were cmpleted，and ready t be sent verseas，the warm feeling I had was ne I wuld never frget．
In the beginning，I dared myself t make a difference in the life f anther persn．Nw that ur prject is ver，I realize that I have affected nt nly ne life，but ten．With ur effrts，ten yung bys and girls will nw be able t further their educatin．
27. What can we cnclude frm this passage？
A. One's ptential cannt always be underrated．
B. First impressin cannt always be trusted．
C. Actins speak luder than wrds．
D. He wh hesitates is lst．
【答案】27. B
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“My first impressin f the rganizatin was that it was nt ging t make enugh f a difference with the plans I had in mind．”（我對這個組織的第一印象是，它不會對我心中的計劃產生足夠的影響。）和最后一段“In the beginning，I dared myself t make a difference in the life f anther persn．Nw that ur prject is ver，I realize that I have affected nt nly ne life，but ten．With ur effrts，ten yung bys and girls will nw be able t further their educatin．”（一開始，我鼓勵自己去改變另一個人的生活?，F(xiàn)在我們的項目結束了，我意識到我不僅影響了一個人的生活，而且影響了十個人的生活。在我們的努力下，十名男孩和女孩現(xiàn)在將能夠繼續(xù)接受教育。）可知，一開始作者認為加入伊拉克兒童行動不會達到他的期望，但是最后通過努力對自己和他人帶來影響，說明第一印象不總是可信的。故選B。
Hundreds f scientists, writers and academics sunded a warning t humanity in an pen letter published last December: Plicymakers and the rest f us must engage penly with the risk f glbal cllapse. Researchers in many areas have prjected the widespread cllapse as “a credible scenari(情景) this century”.
A survey f scientists fund that extreme weather events, fd insecurity, and freshwater shrtages might create glbal cllapse. Of curse, if yu are a nn-human species, cllapse is well underway.
The call fr public engagement with the unthinkable is especially germane in this mment f still-uncntrlled pandemic and ecnmic crises in the wrld's mst technlgically advanced natins. Nt very lng ag, it was als unthinkable that a virus wuld shut dwn natins and that safety nets wuld be prven s disastrusly lacking in flexibility.
The internatinal schlars’ warning letter desn't say exactly what cllapse will lk like r when it might happen. Cllapselgy, the study f cllapse, is mre cncerned with identifying trends and with them the dangers f everyday civilizatin. Amng the signatries(簽署者) f the warning was Bb Jhnsn, the riginatr f the “eclgical ftprint” cncept, which measures the ttal amunt f envirnmental input needed t maintain a given lifestyle. With the current ftprint f humanity, “it seems that glbal cllapse is certain t happen in sme frm, pssibly within a decade, certainly within this century,” Jhnsn said in an email.
“Only if we discuss the cnsequences f ur biphysical limits,” the December warning letter says, “can we have the hpe t reduce their speed, severity and harm”. And yet messengers f the cming disturbance are likely t be ignred. We all want t hpe things will turn ut fine. As a pet wrte,
Man is a victim f dpe(麻醉品)
In the incurable frm f hpe.
The hundreds f schlars wh signed the letter are intent(執(zhí)著) n quieting hpe that ignres preparedness. “Let's lk directly int the issue f cllapse,” they say, “and deal with the terrible pssibilities f what we see there t make the best f a trubling future.”
29. As fr the public awareness f glbal cllapse, the authr is________.
A. wrriedB. puzzled
C. surprisedD. scared
30. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. The signatries may change the biphysical limits.
B. The authr agrees with the message f the pem.
C. The issue f cllapse is being priritized.
D. The glbal cllapse is well underway.
【答案】29. A 30. B
【分析】這是一篇說明文，文章闡述了全球崩塌（glbal cllapse）的概念。數(shù)百名科學家、作家和學者在去年12月發(fā)表的一封公開信中向全人類發(fā)出了警告：政策制定者和我們每個人必須直面“全球崩塌”的風險。文章具體闡釋了學者們對這一概念的定義、理解和它的現(xiàn)實意義。
【29題詳解】
推理判斷題。本題要求判斷作者的情感態(tài)度，根據(jù)原文第五段“yet messengers f the cming disturbance are likely t be ignred. We all want t hpe things will turn ut fine.”（然而未來崩潰的先行信號很可能被忽略，我們都希望事情在未來會變好）和倒數(shù)最后一段的呼吁，例如“Let's lk directly int the issue f cllapse,” they say, “and deal with the terrible pssibilities f what we see there t make the best f a trubling future.”（他們說，“讓我們直面全球崩塌的議題，真正去解決我們看到的可能的糟糕情況，以便使未來沒那么糟?！保┛芍髡哒J為公眾對“全球崩塌”的重視意識不夠，比較擔心，A. wrried擔憂的；B. puzzled困惑的，茫然的；C. surprised驚訝的；D. scared害怕的，綜合以上的分析，可見作者對此是“擔憂的”，故選A。
【30題詳解】
推理判斷題。原文詩歌“Man is a victim f dpe; In the incurable frm f hpe.”（人類是麻醉品的受害者；沉迷于無可救藥的幻想中）表達的是，人類無視未來全球崩塌的巨大危險，把頭埋進沙子里，假裝不知道，充滿不切實際的幻想和希望。而詩歌前面的段落就提到“yet messengers f the cming disturbance are likely t be ignred. We all want t hpe things will turn ut fine.”（然而未來崩潰的先行信號很可能被忽略，我們都希望事情在未來會變好），結合上下文，這里指的是人們都幻想著未來就會變好。詩歌之后的最后一段則提到執(zhí)著于“quieting hpe that ignres preparedness.”（掐滅不做準備的空有幻想），接著又借學者之口，提到“Let's lk directly int the issue f cllapse,” they say, “and deal with the terrible pssibilities f what we see there t make the best f a trubling future.”（他們說，“讓我們直面全球崩塌的議題，真正去解決我們看到的可能的糟糕情況，以便使未來沒那么糟。”）可見，上下文一脈相承，表達相同的一方觀點，未對另一方的觀點有任何呈現(xiàn)，理解文章后可知，作者有明顯的態(tài)度傾向，作者對于這首詩表達的信息是贊同的，故選B。
Early fifth-century philspher St．Augustine famusly wrte that he knew what time was unless smene asked him．Albert Einstein added anther wrinkle when he therized that time varies depending n where yu measure it．Tday's state-f-the-art atmic（原子的） clcks have prven Einstein right．Even advanced physics can't decisively tell us what time is, because the answer depends n the questin yu're asking．
Frget abut time as an abslute．What if，instead f cnsidering time in terms f astrnmy,we related time t eclgy？What if we allwed envirnmental cnditins t set the temp（節(jié)奏） f human life？We're increasingly aware f the fact that we can't cntrl Earth systems with engineering alne，and realizing that we need t mderate（調節(jié)）ur actins if we hpe t live in balance．What if ur definitin f time reflected that？
Recently，I cnceptualized a new apprach t timekeeping that's cnnected t circumstances n ur planet，cnditins that might change as a result f glbal warming．We're nw building a clck at the Anchrage Museum that reflects the ttal flw f several majr Alaskan rivers，which are sensitive t lcal and glbal envirnmental changes．We've prgrammed it t match an atmic clck if the waterways cntinue t flw at their present rate．If the rivers run faster in the future n average，the clck will get ahead f standard time．If they run slwer，yu'll see the ppsite effect．
The clck registers bth shrt-term irregularities and lng-term trends in river dynamics．It's a srt f bservatry that reveals hw the rivers are behaving frm their wn tempral frame（時間框架），and allws us t witness thse changes n ur smartwatches r phnes．Anyne wh pts t g n Alaska Mean River Time will live in harmny with the planet．Anyne wh cnsiders river time in relatin t atmic time will encunter a majr imbalance and may be mtivated t cunteract it by cnsuming less fuel r supprting greener plicies．
Even if this methd f timekeeping is nvel in its particulars，early agricultural scieties als cnnected time t natural phenmena．In pre-Classical Greece，fr instance，peple“crrected”fficial calendars by shifting dates frward r backward t reflect the change f seasn．Tempral cnnectin t the envirnment was vital t their survival．Likewise，river time and ther timekeeping systems we're develping may encurage envirnmental awareness．
When St．Augustine admitted his inability t define time， he highlighted ne f time 's mst nticeable qualities：Time becmes meaningful nly in a defined cntext．Any timekeeping system is valid，and each is as praisewrthy as its purpse．
32. The authr raises three questins in Paragraph 2 mainly t________．
A. present an assumptinB. evaluate an argument
C. highlight an experimentD. intrduce an apprach
34. What can we infer frm this passage？
A. It is crucial t imprve the definitin f time．
B. A fixed frame will make time meaningless．
C. We shuld live in harmny with nature．
D. Histry is a mirrr reflecting reality．
【答案】32. D 34. C
【分析】本文是議論文。文章通過討論時間的定義，講述了人們應該和大自然和諧相處，保護環(huán)境。
【32題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“We're increasingly aware f the fact that we can't cntrl Earth systems with engineering alne，and realizing that we need t mderate（調節(jié)）ur actins if we hpe t live in balance．(我們越來越意識到，我們不能只是用工程學來控制地球系統(tǒng)，意識到，如果我們希望保持平衡，我們就需要調節(jié)我們的行動。)”進而提出問題“What if ur definitin f time reflected that？(如果時間的定義反映那些會怎么樣呢)”，結合前兩個問題“What if，instead f cnsidering time in terms f astrnmy, we related time t eclgy？What if we allwed envirnmental cnditins t set the temp（節(jié)奏） f human life？(如果我們不考慮天文學方面的時間，而是將時間與生態(tài)學聯(lián)系起來呢？如果我們允許環(huán)境條件來設定人類生活的節(jié)奏呢)”可推斷，第二段提出的三個問題是為了介紹方法。故選D項。
【34題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“We're increasingly aware f the fact that we can't cntrl Earth systems with engineering alne，and realizing that we need t mderate（調節(jié)）ur actins if we hpe t live in balance．(我們越來越意識到，我們不能只是用工程學來控制地球系統(tǒng)，意識到，如果我們希望保持平衡，我們就需要調節(jié)我們的行動。)”和倒數(shù)第二段的“Tempral cnnectin t the envirnment was vital t their survival．Likewise，river time and ther timekeeping systems we're develping may encurage envirnmental awareness(時間與環(huán)境的暫時聯(lián)系對它們的生存至關重要。同樣，河流時間和我們正在開發(fā)的其他時間保護系統(tǒng)也可能會鼓勵人們提高環(huán)境意識)”可推斷，從這篇文章中我們知道我們應該與自然和諧共處，保護環(huán)境。故選C。
【2020北京卷】
Fr the past five years, Paula Smith, a histrian f science, has devted herself t re-creating lng-frgtten techniques. While ding research fr her new bk, she came acrss a 16th-century French manuscript（手稿）cnsisting f nearly 1,000 sets f instructins, cvering subjects frm tl making t finding the best sand.
The authr's intentin remains as mysterius（神秘）as his name; he may have been simply taking ntes fr his wn recrds. But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any f the skills the authr described. "Yu simply can't get an understanding f that handwrk by reading abut it," she says.
Thugh Smith did get her hands n the best sand, ding things the ld-fashined way isn't just abut playing arund with French mud. Recnstructing the wrk f the craftsmen（工匠）wh lived centuries ag can reveal hw they viewed the wrld, what bjects filled their hmes, and what went n in the wrkshps that prduced them. It can even help slve present-day prblems: In 2015, scientists discvered that a 10th-century English medicine fr eve prblems culd kill a drug-resistant virus.
The wrk has als brught insights fr museums, Smith says. One must knw hw n bject was made in rder t preserve it. What's mre, recnstructins might be the nly way t knw what treasures lked like befre time wre them dwn. Schlars have seen this idea in practice with ancient Greek and Rman statues. These sculptures were painted a rainbw f striking clurs. We can't appreciate these kinds f details withut seeing wrks f art as they riginally appeared-smething Smith believes yu can d nly when yu have a rad map.
Smith has put the manuscript's ideas int practice. Her final gal is t link the wrlds f art and science back tgether: She believes that bringing the ld recipes t life can help develp a kind f learning that highlights experimentatin, teamwrk, and prblem slving.
Back when science—then called “the new philsphy”—tk shape, academics lked t craftsmen fr help in understanding the natural wrld. Micrscpes and telescpes were invented by way f artistic tinkering（修補）, as craftsmen experimented with glass t better bend light.
If we can rediscver the values f hands-n experience and craftwrk, Smith says, we can marry the best f ur mdern insights with the handiness f ur ancestrs.
40. Why des the authr mentin museums?
A. T reveal the beauty f ancient bjects.
B. T present the findings f ld science.
C T highlight the imprtance f antiques.
D. T emphasise the values f hand skills.
【答案】40. D
【40題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“The wrk has als brught insights fr museums, Smith says. One must knw hw n bject was made in rder t preserve it. What's mre, recnstructins might be the nly way t knw what treasures lked like befre time wre them dwn.” 史密斯說，這項工作也給博物館帶來了深刻的見解。為了保存它，一個人必須知道一件物品是如何制成的。更重要的是，重建可能是唯一的方法，以了解寶藏磨損之前的樣子。因此可知，博物館要想很好保存物品，必須要知道這件物品是如何制成的，也是在強調手工技能的價值，故選D。
Baggy has becme the first dg in the UK—and ptentially the wrld—t jin the fight against air pllutin by recrding pllutant levels near the grund.
Baggy wears a pllutin mnitr n her cllar s she can take data measurements clse t the grund. Her mnitr has shwn that air pllutin levels are higher clser t grund level, which has helped highlight cncerns that babies and yung kids may be at higher risk f develping lung prblems.
Cnventinal air pllutin mnitrs are nrmally fixed n lamppsts at abut nine feet in the air. Hwever, since Baggy stands at abut the same height as a child in a pushchair（嬰兒車）, she frequently recrds pllutin levels which are much higher than the data gathered by the Envirnment A gency.
The dggy data research was the idea f Baggy's 13-year-ld wner Tm Hunt and his dad Matt. The English yungster nticed that pllutin levels are arund tw-thirds higher clse t the grund than they are in the air at the height where they are recrded by the agency. Tm has since reprted the shcking findings t the gvernment in an attempt t emphasise that babies are at higher risk f develping asthma（哮喘）.
Matt Hunt said he was "very prud" f his sn because “when the by gets an idea, he keeps his head dwn and gets n with it, and he really des want t d sme gd and stp yung kids frm getting asthma."
“Tm built up a passin fr envirnmental prtectin at a very early age," Matt added. “He became very interested in gadgets（小裝置）. Abut ne year ag, he gt this new piece f tech which is like a test tube. One Sunday afternn, we went ut t d sme mnitring, and he said, why dn't we put it n Baggy's cllar and let her mnitr the pllutin？'S we did it."
Tm said, "Mst f the time, Baggy is just like any ther dg. But fr the rest f the time she is a super dg, and we are all really prud f her."
35. What can we learn frm the Baggy data?
A. High places are free f air pllutin.
B. Higher pushchairs are mre risky fr kids.
C. Cnventinal mnitrs are mre reliable.
D. Air is mre plluted clser t the grund.
36. What is Tm's purpse f ding the research?
A. T warn f a health risk.B. T find ut pllutin surces.
C. T test his new mnitr.D. T prve Baggy's abilities.
37. Accrding t the passage, which wrd can best describe Tm Hunt?
A. Mdest.B. Generus.C. Creative.D. Outging.
【答案】 35. D 36. A 37. C
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了13歲的孩子Tm Hunt和他的爸爸通過在自己的寵物狗的脖子上戴污染監(jiān)測器來記錄地面附近的污染物水平；監(jiān)測儀顯示，接近地面的空氣污染水平更高，這有助于強調嬰兒和幼兒可能面臨更高風險發(fā)展肺部問題的擔憂。
【35題詳解】
推理判斷題。本題題干意為：我們從Baggy收集到的數(shù)據(jù)中可以了解到什么？根據(jù)文章第二段 Her mnitr has shwn that air pllutin levels are higher clser t grund level, which has helped highlight cncerns that babies and yung kids may be at higher risk f develping lung prblems.她的監(jiān)測儀顯示，接近地面的空氣污染水平更高，這有助于突顯嬰兒和幼童罹患肺部疾病的風險更高的擔憂?？芍咏孛娴目諝馕廴舅礁?。故答案為D項。
【36題詳解】
推理判斷題。本題題干意為：進行這項研究Tm的意圖是？根據(jù)文章第四段Tm has since reprted the shcking findings t the gvernment in an attempt t emphasize that babies are at higher risk f develping asthma（哮喘）.湯姆已經令人震驚的發(fā)現(xiàn)報告給政府,試圖強調,嬰兒患哮喘的風險更高?？芍猅m研究的目的是對健康風險提出警告。故答案為A項。
【37題詳解】
推理判斷題。本題題干意為：根據(jù)文章，哪個詞最能描述湯姆·亨特?根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Tm built up a passin fr envirnmental prtectin at a very early age," Matt added. “He became very interested in gadgets（小裝置）.Abut ne year ag, he gt this new piece f tech which is like a test tube. One Sunday afternn, we went ut t d sme mnitring, and he said, why dn't we put it n Baggy's cllar and let her mnitr the pllutin？'S we did it."湯姆在很小的時候就對環(huán)境保護產生了熱情，馬特補充說。他非常感興趣的產品(小裝置)。大約一年前，他得到了一個類似試管的新技術。一個星期天的下午，我們出去做一些監(jiān)測，他說，為什么我們不把它戴在Baggy的衣領上，讓她監(jiān)測污染?于是我們就這么做了?？芍猅m是非常的有創(chuàng)造力的。故答案為C項。
Certain frms f AI are indeed becming ubiquitus. Fr example, algrithms (算法) carry ut huge vlumes f trading n ur financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing n city streets, and ur smartphnes are translating frm ne language int anther. These systems are smetimes faster and mre perceptive than we humans are. But s far that is nly true fr the specific tasks fr which the systems have been designed. That is smething that sme AI develpers are nw eager t change.
Sme f tday’s AI pineers want t mve n frm tday’s wrld f “weak” r “narrw” AI, t create “strng” r “full” AI, r what is ften called artificial general intelligence (AGI). In sme respects, tday’s pwerful cmputing machines already make ur brains lk weak. A GI culd, its advcates say, wrk fr us arund the clck, and drawing n all available data, culd suggest slutins t many prblems. DM, a cmpany fcused n the develpment f AGI, has an ambitin t “slve intelligence”. “If we’re successful,” their missin statement reads, “we believe this will be ne f the mst imprtant and widely beneficial scientific advances ever made.”
Since the early days f AI, imaginatin has utpaced what is pssible r even prbable. In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Gd predicted the eventual creatin f an “ultra-intelligent machine…that can far surpass all the intellectual (智力的) activities f any man, hwever clever.” Gd went n t suggest that “the first ultra-intelligent machine” culd be “the last inventin that man need ever make.”
Fears abut the appearance f bad, pwerful, man-made intelligent machines have been reinfrced (強化) by many wrks f fictin — Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and the Terminatr film series, fr example. But if AI des eventually prve t be ur dwnfall, it is unlikely t be at the hands f human-shaped frms like these, with recgnisably human mtivatins such as aggressin (敵對行為). Instead, I agree with Oxfrd University philspher Nick Bstrm, wh believes that the heaviest risks frm A GI d nt cme frm a decisin t turn against mankind but rather frm a dgged pursuit f set bjectives at the expense f everything else.
The prmise and danger f true A GI are great. But all f tday’s excited discussin abut these pssibilities presuppses the fact that we will be able t build these systems. And, having spken t many f the wrld’s fremst AI researchers, I believe there is gd reasn t dubt that we will see A GI any time sn, if ever.
44. As fr Irving Gd’s pinin n ultra-intelligent machines the authr is ____________.
A. supprtiveB. disapprving
C. fearfulD. uncertain
45. What can be inferred abut AGI frm the passage?
A. It may be nly a dream.
B. It will cme int being sn.
C. It will be cntrlled by humans.
D. It may be mre dangerus than ever.
【答案】44. B 45. A
【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要就通用人工智能(AGI)實現(xiàn)的可能性進行了論述。
【44題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Since the early days f AI, imaginatin has utpaced what is pssible r even prbable. In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Gd predicted the eventual creatin f an “ultra-intelligent machine…that can far surpass all the intellectual (智力的) activities f any man, hwever clever.”(自從人工智能的早期，想象力已經超過了可能。1965年，一位富有想象力的數(shù)學家歐文·古德預言，最終將創(chuàng)造出一臺“超智能機器……它將遠遠超過任何一個人的智力活動，無論他有多聰明?！?可知，作者認為Irving Gd對“超智能機器”的想象力超出了實現(xiàn)的可能，作者并不贊成他的觀點，因此B項“disapprving(不贊成)”符合題意。故選B項。
【45題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句And, having spken t many f the wrld's fremst AI researchers, I believe there is gd reasn t dubt that we will see A GI any time sn, if ever. (而且，在與世界上許多頂尖的人工智能研究人員交談后，我相信有充分的理由懷疑我們是否會很快看到AGI)可推斷出，通用人工智能（AGI）或許只是一個夢想，A選項“It may be nly a dream(它也許僅僅是一個夢想)”符合題意。故選擇A項。
【最新?？肌?br>【2024·北京東城·二?！?br>Mark Brwn, 57, had been making films fr 30 years, but he fund himself feeling tired f it. “I thught, things can nly g dwnhill.” Brwn knew he needed t d smething else — but what? A few years earlier, he had bught his childhd huse and mved in. While Brwn wndered abut a secnd care er in gardening, he heard a different internal vice. “That child wh used t lve drawing whispered t me dwn the years,” he said. Sme unacknwledged lnging in him was brught ut.
There was a great ak tree near his hme. It had std ut t his yung self as a “fantastical giant — a treasure hme t birds, insects and animals. There was a cave inside. We used t squeeze in thrugh this hle.” He decided t lck himself away fr tw mnths t draw it in all its glrius detail.
“While I was drawing,” he said, “there came mments when it was as thugh the tree was drawing itself. I had spent s much time playing in it. I culd feel it. It was deep inside me.” His finished ak held “a real pwer”, he said. “As yu walk twards it, it just grws.” Brwn became a tree prtraitist.
Over the next few years, he travelled acrss Britain and spent days with the trees selected with the help f the Ancient Tree Frum, the Tree Cuncil and the Wdland Trust. Brwn has started wrk n a 20-drawing series f Britain’s mst imprtant ash trees. “These beautiful ld ash trees are ging t be lst t us,” he says. “They are 350 years ld and they are dying because f a disease that we’ve spread.”
Drawing is nt nly an act f care and a demand fr preservatin, but it “gives me that interface between my passin fr the natural wrld and my creativity,” Brwn says. It has als given him a different perspective n the passage f time. “I’m an ld man yet I’m nly 71, and sme f the trees I’ve drawn are 1,000 years ld. When I’m with them and when I draw them, I think abut the end f my life and the brief nature f human life that passes mmentarily beneath them.”
50．What can we learn abut the ak tree and Brwn?
A．It helped him start a new career.B．It linked him with the wrld.
C．He built a tree huse in it.D．He studied creatures in it.
51．What is Brwn wrking n?
A．Setting up tree rganizatins.B．Lking fr cures fr tree diseases.
C．Drawing t call fr prtectin fr trees.D．Travelling t select imprtant trees in Britain.
【答案】 50．A 51．C
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了57歲的馬克·布朗喚醒了兒時的興趣，成為了一名樹木肖像畫家。
50．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“His finished ak held “a real pwer”, he said. “As yu walk twards it, it just grws.” Brwn became a tree prtraitist.(他說，他的成品橡木擁有“真正的力量”?！爱斈阕呦蛩臅r候，它就會越來越大?！辈祭食蔀榱艘幻麡淠拘は癞嫾?”可知，橡樹讓布朗開始了新的職業(yè)生涯。故選A。
51．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““These beautiful ld ash trees are ging t be lst t us,” he says. “They are 350 years ld and they are dying because f a disease that we’ve spread.”(“這些美麗的老白蠟樹對我們來說將會失去，”他說?！八鼈円呀?50歲了，由于我們傳播的疾病，它們正在死去?！?”可知，布朗呼吁保護樹木。故選C。
【2024·北京·三?！?br>As mst f yu knw, the first year f university is always the hardest t adapt t. The additin f taking care f yurself, making new friends, learning hw t get arund campus, and schl can smetimes be t much t bear.
I wuld like t attend medical schl after my fur-year undergraduate. It is well-knwn that medical schls are very cmpetitive and require extremely high marks. I had always knwn that I was meant fr medical schl and wrked hard all thrughut high schl. I engaged in life sciences and knew that I wanted t d a duble majr in neurscience (神經科學) and psychlgy, but f curse, I wasn’t s fnd f the precnditins t get t that stage. I had t take math and physics in my first year.
S after the chke I call the first term, I lked back n my grades and fund that I had never seen numbers like this befre. I really didn’t even think they were pssible. I had heard that medical schls liked t see an upward trend, s I was discuraged and hurt, but tried nt t think abut it. Having yur grades taken away frm yu when that was all yu had was a huge thing I had t vercme — I defined my wrth by hw “smart” I was and getting past that mindset was the hardest thing I’ve ever dne.
After I saw my grades, I realized the mistake I made taking a bunch f unnecessarily challenging curses. At the end f my secnd term, my grades weren’t as high as I wanted them t be, but I accepted it. I knew that there were reasns fr the differences between individuals, but I still saw a huge imprvement in my marks frm the first term. I had enjyed my time in my secnd term and even thugh I wasn’t where I wanted t be, it had nthing t d with my place in the university. It was very eye-pening and taught me what I needed t d in rder t achieve MY best — nt what everyne else cnsidered t be the best.
I’m nw taking a summer schl curse and my marks are incredibly better than what I was getting during my first year f schl. Thugh I had a rugh start, I’m sure my lessns and new attitude will carry me much farther than just t medical schl.
57．The authr wanted t take a duble majr because she ______.
A．liked the tw majrs better
B．was preparing herself fr her gal
C．tried t prve her academic ability
D．decided t challenge herself in university
58．Hw did the authr feel when reviewing her grades after the first term?
A．Satisfied.B．Surprised.C．Calm.D．Angry.
60．What can we learn frm this passage?
A．A fresh start leads t mre challenges.
B．Hard wrk will pay ff sner r later.
C．Stick t yur plan and yu will succeed.
D．Prper adjustment will take yu farther.
【答案】57．B 58．B 60．D
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者作為大學新生，在適應大學生活的同時，為攻讀醫(yī)學院而努力提升成績的心路歷程。
57．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“I wuld like t attend medical schl after my fur-year undergraduate.(我想在讀完四年的本科后去醫(yī)學院)”和“I engaged in life sciences and knew that I wanted t d a duble majr in neurscience and psychlgy (我從事的是生命科學，我知道我想要神經科學和心理學的雙學位)”可知，作者想進入醫(yī)學院深造，參與生命科學的研究，所以她要主修神經科學和心理學雙學位。這表明她選擇這兩個專業(yè)是為了自己的長遠目標，即進入醫(yī)學院深造，因此她是在為自己的目標做準備。故選B項。
58．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“I lked back n my grades and fund that I had never seen numbers like this befre. I really didn’t even think they were pssible.(我回顧了我的成績，發(fā)現(xiàn)我以前從未見過這樣的數(shù)字。我真的認為這是不可能的)”可知，回顧自己的成績時，作者認為不可能，感到意外。故選B項。
60．推理判斷題。通讀全文，結合第三段中“S after the chke I call the first term, I lked back n my grades and fund that I had never seen numbers like this befre. I really didn’t even think they were pssible. I had heard that medical schls liked t see an upward trend, s I was discuraged and hurt, but tried nt t think abut it.(所以在我稱之為第一學期的艱難時刻之后，我回顧了自己的成績，發(fā)現(xiàn)我從未見過這樣的數(shù)字。我甚至真的認為這些成績是不可能的。我聽說醫(yī)學院喜歡看到成績呈上升趨勢，所以我感到沮喪和受傷，但我盡量不去想它)”、第四段中“After I saw my grades, I realized the mistake I made taking a bunch f unnecessarily challenging curses.(看到成績后，我意識到自己犯了一個錯誤，上了一堆不必要的挑戰(zhàn)性課程)”和最后一段中“Thugh I had a rugh start, I’m sure my lessns and new attitude will carry me much farther than just t medical schl.(雖然我有一個艱難的開始，但我相信我的課程和新的態(tài)度將使我比僅僅進入醫(yī)學院走得更遠)”可知，在第一學期遭遇挫折后，作者在第二學期及時調整策略、改變態(tài)度，最后有了新的開始，并堅信自己會走得更遠。由此可知，這篇文章告訴我們：適當?shù)恼{整會讓你走得更遠。故選D項。
【2024·北京大興·三?！?br>A vice reaches us, crying ut frm the depths f a prfund silence: “I am alive, I can think, and n ne has the right t deny me these tw realities. . . ”
The wrds were cnveyed by a flicker (跳動) f the left eyelid. It came frm a bk, The Diving Bell and the Butterfly, by a frmer jurnalist, Jean-Dminique Bauby. He wrked fr jurnals like the Qutidien de Paris and Paris Match. Fr fur years until December 1995 he was the very successful chief editr f Elle.
Then the unthinkable happened. A cardivascular ( 心血管的) accident sent him int a deep cma (昏迷). His brain remained undamaged, but its cnnectin t his bdy left him with nly the ability t blink his left eyelid. The pr man was diagnsed as suffering frm the rare disease “Lcked-in Syndrme”, unable t breathe r eat withut assistance.
In this inert bdy, hwever, his brain was wrking furiusly, trying t make peple understand what he was thinking. With the help f a specialized nurse, Claude Mendibil, he was able t write his bk, using nly his ability t blink at the mst frequently used letters f the alphabet.
He wuld spend mst f the night editing his thughts and cmpsing sentences. It tk him abut 200, 000 blinks t write his bk f mre than 100 pages. In it, Bauby describes his paralyzed existence as being trapped in an ld-fashined deep-sea diving bell while the “butterflies” f his mind flutter abut freely.
One wuld expect frm this prcess frmal factual reprt, but that is nt the case. The bk reads in flwing images that light up his predicament. The style is clear and fresh, and nt withut elegance, imaginatin and shafts f humr.
He is als in search f past time, f memry itself, f the bks he had read, the pems he had learnt by heart. Even sadder, he thinks f all the bks he wanted t read and hadn’t gtten t. He has t listen t smene else reading them t him. He recalls meals, a hrse race, his life and wrk as an editr, and his struggle in his hspital bed t twitch (抽搐) his nse when a fly lands n it.
“Frm this hell cmes a great message f life and hpe,” said Antine Auduard, a friend f Bauby’s and the bk’s publisher.
64．Based n this article, which f the fllwing wrds can nt be used t describe Bauby?
A．Odd-tempered.B．Open-minded.C．Strng-willed.D．Warm-hearted.
【答案】 64．A
【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位被診斷患有一種罕見的疾病“閉鎖綜合癥”的作家與病魔斗爭，最終把自己的故事用優(yōu)美的語言寫成一本書展示給世人，傳遞出他不屈不撓的精神。
64．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“In this inert bdy, hwever, his brain was wrking furiusly, trying t make peple understand what he was thinking. With the help f a specialized nurse, Claude Mendibil, he was able t write his bk, using nly his ability t blink at the mst frequently used letters f the alphabet. (然而，在這個無活動能力的身體里面，他的大腦正在瘋狂地工作，試圖讓人們理解他在想什么。在專業(yè)護士克勞德·門迪比爾的幫助下，他僅憑對著字母表中最常用的字母眨眼的能力就能寫書了)”、第五段中“He wuld spend mst f the night editing his thughts and cmpsing sentences. It tk him abut 200, 000 blinks t write his bk f mre than 100 pages. (他會花一晚上的時間編輯自己的想法和造句。當門迪比爾早上到達時，他可以連續(xù)眨眼口述給她聽。他眨眼20萬次才完成這本100多頁的書。)”以及第六段中“The bk reads in flwing images that light up his predicament. The style is clear and fresh, and nt withut elegance, imaginatin and shafts f humr. (這本書以流暢的畫面展現(xiàn)了他的困境。風格清晰清新，不乏優(yōu)雅、想象力和幽默)”可知，鮑比即使在癱瘓的情況下也沒放棄寫書，他意志力強，而且能適應自己的疾病，用新的方式表達自己的想法，而且他的著作風格清晰清新，不乏優(yōu)雅、想象力和幽默。文中并未提及他脾氣古怪。故選A項。

相關試卷

專題08 閱讀理解議論文- 高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（北京專用）：

這是一份專題08 閱讀理解議論文- 高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（北京專用），文件包含專題08閱讀理解議論文原卷版-高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練北京專用docx、專題08閱讀理解議論文解析版-高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練北京專用docx等2份試卷配套教學資源，其中試卷共40頁， 歡迎下載使用。

專題06 閱讀理解記敘文- 高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（北京專用）：

這是一份專題06 閱讀理解記敘文- 高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（北京專用），文件包含專題06閱讀理解記敘文原卷版-高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練北京專用docx、專題06閱讀理解記敘文解析版-高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練北京專用docx等2份試卷配套教學資源，其中試卷共37頁， 歡迎下載使用。

專題03 閱讀理解詞義猜測題- 高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（北京專用）：

這是一份專題03 閱讀理解詞義猜測題- 高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（北京專用），文件包含專題03閱讀理解詞義猜測題原卷版-高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練北京專用docx、專題03閱讀理解詞義猜測題解析版-高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練北京專用docx等2份試卷配套教學資源，其中試卷共32頁， 歡迎下載使用。

英語朗讀寶

相關試卷 更多

專題06 閱讀理解推理判斷題 -高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（上海專用）

專題06 閱讀理解推理判斷題 -高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（上海專用）
專題14 閱讀理解推理判斷題- 高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（天津專用）

專題14 閱讀理解推理判斷題- 高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（天津專用）
專題06 閱讀理解推理判斷題-2025年高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（上海專用）

專題06 閱讀理解推理判斷題-2025年高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（上海專用）
專題14 閱讀理解推理判斷題- 2025年高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（天津專用）

專題14 閱讀理解推理判斷題- 2025年高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（天津專用）
資料下載及使用幫助
版權申訴
版權申訴
若您為此資料的原創(chuàng)作者，認為該資料內容侵犯了您的知識產權，請掃碼添加我們的相關工作人員，我們盡可能的保護您的合法權益。
入駐教習網，可獲得資源免費推廣曝光，還可獲得多重現(xiàn)金獎勵，申請 精品資源制作， 工作室入駐。
版權申訴二維碼
高考專區(qū)
歡迎來到教習網
  • 900萬優(yōu)選資源，讓備課更輕松
  • 600萬優(yōu)選試題，支持自由組卷
  • 高質量可編輯，日均更新2000+
  • 百萬教師選擇，專業(yè)更值得信賴
微信掃碼注冊
qrcode
二維碼已過期
刷新

微信掃碼，快速注冊

手機號注冊
手機號碼

手機號格式錯誤

手機驗證碼 獲取驗證碼

手機驗證碼已經成功發(fā)送，5分鐘內有效

設置密碼

6-20個字符，數(shù)字、字母或符號

注冊即視為同意教習網「注冊協(xié)議」及「隱私條款」
QQ注冊
手機號注冊
微信注冊

注冊成功

返回
頂部