第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié)滿分30分)
做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
略
第二部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分 50 分)
第一節(jié)(共15 小題:每小題 2.5分，滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C 和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
一、閱讀理解
A
Nrth Rim t repen n June 2 with limited services available
News Release Date: May 17, 2023
Cntact: J?lle Baird, 928-606-3154
Grand Canyn, Ariz
The Nrth Rim f Grand Canyn Natinal Park will pen as scheduled, n June 2, with limited visitr services and water cnservatin measures due t a break in the Nrth Rim water pipeline. A landslide frm winter strms destryed mre than 300 feet f the Nrth Rim water pipeline.
Visitr Services
The Grand Canyn Ldge will perate day-use services with limited fd and beverage service beginning n June 2. N vernight accmmdatins will be available until at least July 23, 2023.
The Nrth Rim Campgrund, managed by the Natinal Park Service, will perate as scheduled beginning n June 9 with ptable drinking water and tilets available. The public laundry and shwer facilities will nt be pen at least thrugh July 23, 2023.
The Nrth Rim Visitr Center and Grand Canyn Cnservancy’s bkstre pen as usual, 8 am t 6 pm daily, with a variety f ranger prgrams ffered.
Visitrs explring the Nrth Rim this summer shuld be self-sufficient and shuld bring adequate fd and water fr the day as services are limited and may be subject t change. Nearby, accmmdating is available at the Kaibab Ldge and fd services and fuel at the Nrth Rim Cuntry Stre. Year-rund accmmdating, fd services and fuel are lcated 45 miles nrth f the Nrth Rim at Jacb Lake. As a result f substantial winter rckfall and landslides, trail (步道) repair wrk n the Nrth Kaibab Trail cntinues. There is a trail clsure in effect n the Nrth Kaibab Trail and it will fficially repen n June 16, 2023.
1. Which was nt affected and pens as usual?
A. The public laundry.B. The Grand Canyn Ldge.
C. The Nrth Kaibab Trail.D. The Nrth Rim Visitr Center.
2. What can we learn abut the Nrth Kaibab Trail frm the text?
A. It ffers fd service.B. It is arund Jacb Lake.
C. It is under repair nw.D. It pens all the year arund.
3. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T warn visitrs f the ncming landslide.
B. T infrm visitrs f schedules f sme attractins.
C. T appeal t mre visitrs t the Grand Canyn Natinal Park.
D. T advertise the prducts f the Grand Canyn Natinal Park.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【導語】本文為一篇應用文，主要介紹了美國大峽谷公園景點北緣因山體滑坡而對游覽的時間和路線做出的調(diào)整。
【1題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“The Nrth Rim Visitr Center and Grand Canyn Cnservancy’s bkstre pen as usual, 8 am t 6 pm daily, with a variety f ranger prgrams ffered. (北緣游客中心和大峽谷保護協(xié)會的書店照常營業(yè)，每天早上8點到下午6點，提供各種護林員項目)”可知，北緣游客中心和大峽谷保護協(xié)會里的書店照常開放，沒有調(diào)整。故選D。
【2題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“As a result f substantial winter rckfall and landslides, trail (步道) repair wrk n the Nrth Kaibab Trail cntinues. (由于冬季大量的巖崩和山體滑坡，北凱巴布步道的道路修復工作仍在繼續(xù))”可知，北凱巴布步道的修復工作仍在繼續(xù)。故選C。
【3題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)Grand Canyn, Ariz下“The Nrth Rim f Grand Canyn Natinal Park will pen as scheduled, n June 2, with limited visitr services and water cnservatin measures due t a break in the Nrth Rim water pipeline. (大峽谷國家公園北緣將于6月2日如期開放，但由于北緣輸水管道斷裂，游客服務受到限制，并采取了節(jié)約用水的措施)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文寫作目的是為了告訴游客美國大峽谷公園景點北緣因山體滑坡而對游覽的時間和路線做出的調(diào)整。故選B。
B
If yu want t cnvince the bss yu deserve a pay rise r prmtin, the slutin culd be simple—eat the same fd as he r she des. Psychlgists have discvered managers are much mre likely t instantly trust us if we chse the same dishes as them.
During experiments, discussins ver wages and wrking cnditins were much mre successful if bth sides chse t snack n the same treats. And shppers were much mre likely t buy a prduct advertised n TV by smene eating a similar fd t them at the time.
The reasn is thught t be s-called similarity attractin thery—where peple tend t like thers wh have similar tastes r habits t themselves. And this is believed t be ne f the first studies highlighting the rle f fd in this relatinship. Researchers at Chicag University in the US cnducted a series f experiments t examine fd’s rle in earning trust.
In a test, participants were tld t watch TV—where smene pretending t be a member f the public praised a certain prduct. The vlunteers were given Kit Kat bars t bite, while the TV persn ate either a Kit Kat r grapes as they talked.
The results shwed viewers were much mre likely t express an interest in buying the prduct if the TV shwed the ther persn eating a Kit Kat t.
The researchers added, “Althugh similarity in fd cnsumptin is nt a sign f whether tw peple will get alng, we find cnsumers treat this as such. They feel mre trusting f thse wh cnsume things as they d. It means peple can immediately begin t feel friendship and develp a bnd, leading t smther transactins frm the start.”
Harley Street psychlgist Dr Lucy Atchisn said it was already knwn that wearing similar clthes culd instantly create trust. But this was the first reprt that fd had the same effect. She said, “This is really interesting. It makes sense as peple feel they have cmmn grund and can trust the ther persn. That means negtiatins (談判) are mre likely t be successful. ”
4. Accrding t the passage, custmers are likely t buy a prduct frm a dealer wh ______________.
A. has the same taste as them
B. advertises his prducts n TV
C. reduces the price f his prducts
D. pays attentin t the quality f his prducts
5. The experiments cnducted by researchers at Chicag University shw that _____________.
A. bsses like emplyees that have the same taste as them
B. fd plays an imprtant rle in earning peple’s trust
C. peple wh have similar tastes t their bsses’ earn mre
D. peple have less interest in buying prducts advertised n TV
6 Which f the fllwing sayings can be an example f similarity attractin thery? （ ）
A. Hnesty is the best plicy.
B. All gd things cme t an end.
C. Birds f a feather flck tgether.
D. Where there is a wil, there is a way.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講了在食物方面品味相近的人，更容易產(chǎn)生信任。
【4題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的And shppers were much mre likely t buy a prduct advertised n TV by smene eating a similar fd t them at the time（ 消費者更有可能購買電視廣告上的產(chǎn)品，廣告上的人當時吃的食物與他們相似。）由此可知，根據(jù)這篇文章，顧客可能會從和他們有相同品味的經(jīng)銷商那里購買產(chǎn)品，故選A。
【5題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句中的t examine fd’s rle in earning trust（研究食物在贏得信任方面的作用）以及倒數(shù)第三段The results shwed viewers were much mre likely t express an interest in buying the prduct if the TV shwed the ther persn eating a Kit Kat t（研究結(jié)果顯示，如果電視上播放的是另一個人也在吃奇巧巧克力，那么觀看者更有可能表示出購買該產(chǎn)品的興趣。）由此可知，芝加哥大學的研究人員進行的實驗表明，食物在贏得人們的信任方面扮演著重要的角色，故選B。
【6題詳解】
推理判斷題。本文論述了在食物方面品味接近的人更容易產(chǎn)生信任，這與C項的“物以類聚”是一個道理，故選C。
【點睛】細節(jié)理解題的解題思路：
細節(jié)理解題就是我們常見的wh-題，它們大多是根據(jù)文章中的具體信息如事實、例證、原因、過程、論述等進行提問的。抓住文段中的事實和細節(jié)是做好該題型的關(guān)鍵，也是做好其它類型問題的基礎(chǔ)。該題型幾乎都可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關(guān)的信息，或是其變體。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都屬于這類圍繞主體展開的細節(jié)，做這類題一般采用尋讀法，即先讀題，然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文，找出與問題和選項有關(guān)的詞語或句子，再對相關(guān)部分進行分析對比，找出答案。例如小題1，根據(jù)第二段中的And shppers were much mre likely t buy a prduct advertised n TV by smene eating a similar fd t them at the time（ 消費者更有可能購買電視廣告上的產(chǎn)品，廣告上的人當時吃的食物與他們相似。）由此可知，根據(jù)這篇文章，顧客可能會從和他們有相同品味的經(jīng)銷商那里購買產(chǎn)品，故選A。
C
I received my architectural training in Italy, earning a traditinal degree that didn’t invlve wrking with Cmputer-Aided Design (CAD). Hwever, my jurney with cmputers began thrugh my passin fr music, using sund sampling systems, which catch the “sund reality” f an instrument, and als cmputer-assisted music cmpsitin systems. Little did I knw that this explratin wuld greatly influence my apprach t cmputer science and AI in the years t cme.
Self-taught in cmputer science during my architectural studies, I sught pprtunities t specialize further. Ultimately, my jurney led me t a pineering labratry in Marseille, France, knwn fr its grundbreaking wrk in cmputer science applied t architecture. Surrunded by a cmmunity f innvatrs, I imprved my skills t explre the transfrmative pwer f technlgy in preserving cultural heritage.
In 2019, the wrld watched in hrrr as Ntre Dame de Paris (巴黎圣母院) was cnsumed in flames. Determined t cntribute t the restratin effrts, I tk the lead in develping a digital ecsystem fr the restratin peratin. We develped grundbreaking AI tls generating 3D representatins frm phtgraphs. By tracking the psitin and shape f vussirs (拱石), and digitizing them frm phtgraphs, we were able t use the fine gemetric infrmatin f the vussirs t recnstruct the arch, thus giving valuable infrmatin t the architects abut the structure, the exact gemetry, and especially abut cnstructive details f the ldest areas f the church frm the 13th century. Ntably, AI played a pivtal rle in the prcess.
As the restratin prject prgresses, the AI-driven preservatin cntinues t advance. This knwledge will definitely serve as raw material t be used fr AI systems, fr example, fr studies that can be extended t ther buildings. Tday, the restratin prject is in an extremely advanced state. We hpe t cmplete the restratin wrk befre the 2024 Paris Olympics, s that this architectural masterpiece can regain its frmer glry.
7. What led the authr t cmputer science initially?
A. Cmpsing music with CAD.B. Explring cmputers fr music.
C. Studying fr a degree in architecture.D. Develping sund sampling systems.
8. What is the third paragraph mainly abut?
A. The applicatin f AI in restratin.B. The structure f Ntre Dame de Paris.
C. The destructin f Ntre Dame de Paris.D. The develpment f AI digital ecsystem.
9. What des the underlined wrd “pivtal” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Secndary.B. Independent.C. Discuraging.D. Crucial.
10. What is the authr’s attitude twards the AI-driven preservatin?
A. Indifferent.B. Skeptical.C. Optimistic.D. Objective.
【答案】7. B 8. A 9. D 10. C
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了作者在計算機科學領(lǐng)域的探索以及發(fā)現(xiàn)，說明了人工智能在修復文物中發(fā)揮的重要作用。
【7題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Hwever, my jurney with cmputers began thrugh my passin fr music, using sund sampling systems, which catch the “sund reality” f an instrument, and als cmputer-assisted music cmpsitin systems.(然而，我的電腦之旅始于我對音樂的熱愛，使用聲音采樣系統(tǒng)，捕捉樂器的“聲音現(xiàn)實”，以及計算機輔助的音樂創(chuàng)作系統(tǒng))”可知，最初是為音樂探索電腦引導作者進入計算機科學領(lǐng)域的。故選B。
【8題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“In 2019, the wrld watched in hrrr as Ntre Dame de Paris (巴黎圣母院) was cnsumed in flames. Determined t cntribute t the restratin effrts, I tk the lead in develping a digital ecsystem fr the restratin peratin. We develped grundbreaking AI tls generating 3D representatins frm phtgraphs. By tracking the psitin and shape f vussirs (拱石), and digitizing them frm phtgraphs, we were able t use the fine gemetric infrmatin f the vussirs t recnstruct the arch, thus giving valuable infrmatin t the architects abut the structure, the exact gemetry, and especially abut cnstructive details f the ldest areas f the church frm the 13th century. Ntably, AI played a pivtal rle in the prcess.(2019年，全世界都驚恐地看到巴黎圣母院被大火吞噬。我決心為修復工作做出貢獻，并帶頭為修復工作開發(fā)了一個數(shù)字生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。我們開發(fā)了突破性的人工智能工具，從照片中生成3D表示。通過跟蹤拱石的位置和形狀，并將它們從照片中數(shù)字化，我們能夠拱石使用的精細幾何信息來重建拱門，從而為建筑師提供有關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)，精確幾何形狀，特別是13世紀以來教堂最古老區(qū)域的構(gòu)造細節(jié)的寶貴信息。值得注意的是，人工智能在這一過程中發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用)”可知，第三段的主要內(nèi)容是人工智能在修復中的應用。故選A。
【9題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段“As the restratin prject prgresses, the AI-driven preservatin cntinues t advance.(隨著修復工程的推進，人工智能驅(qū)動的保護也在不斷推進)”可知，隨著修復工程的推進，人工智能驅(qū)動的保護也在不斷推進，說明人工智能在這一過程中發(fā)揮了重要作用。故劃線詞意思是“重要的”。故選D。
【10題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“As the restratin prject prgresses, the AI-driven preservatin cntinues t advance. This knwledge will definitely serve as raw material t be used fr AI systems, fr example, fr studies that can be extended t ther buildings. Tday, the restratin prject is in an extremely advanced state. We hpe t cmplete the restratin wrk befre the 2024 Paris Olympics, s that this architectural masterpiece can regain its frmer glry.(隨著修復工程推進，人工智能驅(qū)動的保護也在不斷推進。這些知識肯定會作為人工智能系統(tǒng)的原材料，例如，用于可以擴展到其他建筑物的研究。今天，修復工程處于非常先進的狀態(tài)。我們希望在2024年巴黎奧運會之前完成修復工作，讓這座建筑杰作重現(xiàn)昔日的輝煌)”可知，作者對人工智能驅(qū)動保護持樂觀態(tài)度。故選C。
D
The cnventinal wisdm abut insects has been that they are unthinking, unfeeling creatures whse behavir is entirely hardwired (天生的). But in the 1990s researchers began making surprising discveries abut insect minds. Sme species f wasps (黃蜂) recgnize their nest mates’ faces and acquire impressive scial skills. Fr example, they can infer the fighting strengths f ther wasps relative t their wn just by watching ther wasps fight amng themselves.
Given the substantial wrk n the cmplexity f insect cgnitin (認知), it might seem surprising that it tk scientists s lng t ask whether, if they are that smart, culd als be sentient, capable f feeling. Since we have n direct windw int the inner wrld f an animal that cannt verbally cmmunicate its thughts and feelings, the questin f whether insects are sentient remained academic.
15 years ag, I perfrmed an experiment in which we asked whether bumblebees culd learn abut t hreat frm their natural enemies. We built a plastic spider mdel with a mechanism that wuld briefly trap a bumblebee between tw spnges befre releasing it. The bumblebees shwed a significant change in their behavir after being attacked by the rbtic spider. Perhaps unsurprisingly, they learned t avid flwers with spiders and meticulusly scanned every flwer befre landing. Curiusly, hwever, they sme times even fled frm imaginary threats, scanning and then abandning a perfectly safe, spider-free flwer. Althugh this incidental bservatin did nt cnstitute frmal ev idence f an emtinlike state, it did pen the dr t the idea that such states might exist in insects.
Sme research suggested that insects might have psitive states f mind. Researchers discvered that bees actively seek ut drugs such as nictin e and caffein e when given the chice and even treat themselves with nictin e when sick. Male fruit flies stressed by being rbbed f mating pprtunities prefer fd cntaining alchl, and bees even shw withdrawal symptms when remved frm an alchl-rich diet.
Why wuld insects cnsume mind-altering substances if there isn't a mind t alter? But these suggestive hints f negative and psitive mind states still fell shrt f what was needed t demnstrate that insects are sentient.
11. What des the example f the wasps indicate?
A. Insects shw signs f intelligence.
B. Insects can d cmplex calculatins.
C. Insects can scialize in a skillful way.
D. Insects live in highly cmplex scieties.
12. What des the underlined wrd “meticulusly” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Hesitantly.B. Casually.C. Eagerly.D. Carefully.
13. What was unexpected abut the bumblebees’ behavir in the experiment?
A. They avided flwers with spiders.
B. They settled n flwers despite threats.
C. They might abandn spider-free flwers.
D. They might get scared away by ther insects.
14. What des the text mainly discuss?
A. What insects' varius behavir can reveal.
B. Hw insects cmmunicate their thughts.
C. What amazing pwers insects pssess.
D. Whether insects are capable f feeling.
【答案】11. A 12. D 13. C 14. D
【解析】
【導語】本文為一篇議論文，文章探討了昆蟲是否也有感受。
【詳解】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Sme species f wasps recgnize their nest mates’ faces and acquire impressive scial skills. Fr example, they can infer the fighting strengths f ther wasps relative t their wn just by watching ther wasps fight amng themselves.(有些種類的黃蜂能認出巢中同伴的臉，并獲得令人印象深刻的社交技巧。例如，它們可以通過觀察其他黃蜂之間的戰(zhàn)斗來推斷出其他黃蜂相對于自己的戰(zhàn)斗力)”可知，作者用黃蜂舉例是為了證明昆蟲有判斷力，有智力的跡象。故選A項。
2.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段“The bumblebees shwed a significant change in their behavir after being attacked by the rbtic spider. Perhaps unsurprisingly, they learned t avid flwers with spiders(在被機器蜘蛛攻擊后，大黃蜂的行為發(fā)生了重大變化。不出所料，它們學會了避開有蜘蛛的花朵)”及“scanned every flwer befre landing(著陸前掃描了每一朵花)”可知，在遭到蜘蛛機器人的攻擊之后，大黃蜂們學會了避開滿是蜘蛛的花朵，并且在停歇之前會仔細地查看每一朵花。 meticulusly與carefully同義，為“仔細地、小心地”。故選D項。
3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Curiusly, hwever, they smetimes even fled frm imaginary threats, scanning and then abandning a perfectly safe, spider-free flwer.(然而，奇怪的是，它們有時甚至會逃離想象中的威脅，掃描并放棄一朵完全安全、沒有蜘蛛的花)”可知，奇怪的是，大黃蜂們可能會放棄沒有蜘蛛的花朵。故選C項。
4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Given the substantial wrk n the cmplexity f insect cgnitin, it might seem surprising that it tk scientists s lng t ask whether, if they are that smart, culd als be sentient, capable f feeling.(考慮到對昆蟲認知復雜性的大量研究，科學家們花了這么長時間才提出這樣的問題，如果它們真的那么聰明，它們是否也有知覺，能夠感知，這似乎令人驚訝)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章探討了昆蟲是否也有感受這個問題。故選D項。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題 2.5分，滿分12.5分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項
May the first is an imprtant date in the cllege admissin prcess in the United States．This is the last day fr high schl senirs t accept r reject ffers f admissin in the fall．But accrding t a recent reprt, there is a great change．Acceptance rates at the tp clleges this year were lwer than ever．____15____ .
These days, cllege applicants are applying t mre clleges because nline and cmmn applicatins make the prcess easier．____16____.On the ther hand, deciding students fr tp clleges t accept can be difficult because it takes much time．Students may nt like being put n waiting lists．Als, cmmn clleges wrk mre t get the students they accept t accept them．Sme clleges hld visiting days that ffer a chance t attend classes and stay vernight．Sme universities send gifts．_______17_______ .
Fr many families, the mst imprtant thing clleges can d is shw them the mney, especially this year; the weak ecnmy makes parents nervus．_____18_____. The recent prblems that spread frm the husing market t credit markets have even affected student’s lans．S lately, tp schls have t spare lts f mney t increase their financial aid fr students．_____19_____. The Educatin Department expects the number f high schl graduates t start t g dwn．This will happen as the last f the children f the baby bm generatin finishes high schl．The number is nt expected t start rising again until 2019．
A. What cntributes t it?
B. Besides, tp clleges are facing changes in the ppulatin．
C. But a mistake can be cstly if it happens．
D. It can mean several acceptances t chse frm．
E. They have internatinal students wh knw English．
F. But tp clleges ignre them．
G. They cannt affrd cllege as planned．
【答案】15. A 16. D 17. F 18. G 19. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇說明文，今年美國頂尖大學的錄取率比以往跟低。究竟是什么原因?qū)е铝诉@一現(xiàn)象。文章對大學錄取率下降的情況做了詳細說明。
【15題詳解】
橫線前一句告訴我們今年美國頂尖大學的錄取率比以往低。究竟是什么原因?qū)е铝诉@一現(xiàn)象。橫線句應該是一個承上啟下的句子，A項“What cntributes t it?”符合上下文語境，所以選擇A項。
【16題詳解】
橫線前一句告訴我們因為網(wǎng)絡申請和正常申請讓申請大學變得更加容易，所以現(xiàn)在申請者可以申請更多的大學，那么他們就可以有多個大學的錄取可以選擇了。上下文是因果關(guān)系，D項“It can mean several acceptances t chse frm.”符合上下文語境，所以選擇D項。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)“Als, cmmn clleges wrk mre t get the students they accept t accept them．”可知普通的大學為了錄取學生做了更多的事情，舉辦開放日、送禮物等。而頂尖大學不會這樣做，F(xiàn)項“But tp clleges ignre them．”符合上下文語境，所以選擇F項。
【18題詳解】
橫線前一句“…the weak ecnmy makes parents nervus．”告訴我們今年糟糕的經(jīng)濟形勢讓父母親非常緊張，擔心無法承擔孩子的學費。G項“They cannt affrd cllege as planned．”符合上下文語境，所以選擇G項。
【19題詳解】
橫線后句“The Educatin Department expects the number f high schl graduates t start t g dwn．”告訴我們教育部預測高中畢業(yè)生的人數(shù)要開始下降，那么大學也會遇見人數(shù)減少的問題。B項“Besides, tp clleges are facing changes in the ppulatin．”符合上下文語境，所以選擇B項。
【點睛】本文小題2考查了七選五閱讀中利用因果關(guān)系解題的方法，因為網(wǎng)絡申請和正常申請讓申請大學變得更加容易，所以現(xiàn)在申請者可以申請更多的大學，那么他們就可以有多個大學的錄取可以選擇了。上下文之間是前因后果的因果關(guān)系，選擇了D項。
在做題時最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子，明白這幾句話的確切意思，然后根據(jù)意思的連貫性或邏輯性從選項中選取正確答案。在讀懂意思的基礎(chǔ)上，判斷它們之間的關(guān)系來進一步確認答案。因果關(guān)系主要指前后的句子有著原因和結(jié)果之間的關(guān)系，這種關(guān)系往往說明了前因后果或者前果后因等情況。表示因果關(guān)系的連詞有As a result結(jié)果------，thus/therefre因此，s (such)...如此------以至于等。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題 2.5分，滿分12.5分)
下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項
二、完形填空
When I was 12, I went n a 720-mile cycling trip with my brther and father. Befre the trip, we ___20___ fr the jurney by having smaller rides. We were all ___21___ cyclists. When setting ut, I ___22___fr an adventure and wanted t see beautiful sights. But what I hadn’t expected was that truble was ___23___ the crner.
One night, we were getting t a campsite and cycling dwn a large hill with ___24___ t take a rest frm ___25___ up a muntain with aching legs. Suddenly, my brther’s frnt tyre slipped and he ___26___ int the middle f the rad. My father and I stpped, asking if he was kay. Obviusly, he was nt hurt t much, but his leg was ___27___ the bike frame. Frm the tp f the hill, we saw a light cming. Realizing a car was speeding, my father and I were in ___28___.
Instinctively, I rushed ut in frnt f my brther in the middle f the rad, and ___29___my hands wildly. The car rushed frward, but abruptly turned ___30___, bypassing my brther and me. My brther was saved frm being run ver by the car.
My father said I was ___31___ brave then, but fr sme reasn, I didn’t think I was ___32___ my life because it seemed like the nly thing t d. And I believe that in times f danger we shuld d what we knw is right rather than cnsider ___33___ carefully. If I had thught abut what I was ding that night, my brther might have been ___34___frm this wrld.
20. A. accuntedB. preparedC. searchedD. answered
21. A. enthusiasticB. curageusC. prfessinalD. cmmitted
22. A. paidB. caredC. lkedD. lnged
23. A. inB. arundC. nD. beynd
24. A. eagernessB. anxietyC. surpriseD. relief
25. A. hikingB. climbingC. wanderingD. cycling
26. A. sankB. slidC. rlledD. raced
27. A. attached tB. buried inC. laded withD. stuck in
28. A. dangerB. trubleC. shckD. vain
29. A. clappedB. wavedC. raisedD. rubbed
30. A. arundB. backC. aheadD. aside
31. A. ptentiallyB. slightlyC. incrediblyD. generusly
32. A. riskingB. lsingC. savingD. changing
33. A. suggestinsB. preferencesC. prspectsD. dilemmas
34. A. remvedB. releasedC. rbbedD. freed
【答案】20. B 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者和哥哥去騎行時，哥哥因為前輪打滑了，滑到了路中間，腿被卡住了，而這時一輛超速行駛的汽車過來了，作者勇敢地沖到路上揮手攔車，最后救下了哥哥。
【20題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在旅行之前，我們通過短途騎行為旅行做準備。A. accunted認為；B. prepared準備；C. searched搜索；D. answered回答。根據(jù)后文“fr the jurney by having smaller rides”可知，此處指他們通過騎短途來為長途做準備。故選B。
【21題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都熱衷于騎自行車。A. enthusiastic熱情的；B. curageus勇敢的；C. prfessinal專業(yè)的；D. cmmitted承諾。根據(jù)上文“When I was 12, I went n a 720-mile cycling trip with my brther and father.(當我12歲的時候，我和我的哥哥和父親進行了一次720英里的自行車旅行)”可知，他們都熱衷于騎自行車。故選A。
【22題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：出發(fā)時，我渴望一次冒險，想看看美麗的風景。A. paid支付；B. cared關(guān)心；C. lked看；D. lnged渴望。根據(jù)后文“fr an adventure and wanted t see beautiful sights”可知，作者渴望一次冒險，想看看美麗的風景。lng fr表示“渴望”。故選D。
【23題詳解】
考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：但我沒想到的是，麻煩就要來了。A. in在里面；B. arund圍繞；C. n在上面；D. beynd超越。根據(jù)后文“the crner.”以及哥哥出意外可知，麻煩就要來了，短語為arund the crner表示“即將發(fā)生”。故選B。
【24題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一天晚上，我們?nèi)チ艘粋€露營地，騎著自行車從一座大山上下來，因為腿疼，我們急于休息一下。A. eagerness渴望；B. anxiety焦慮；C. surprise驚訝；D. relief安慰。根據(jù)后文“up a muntain with aching legs”可知，此處指因為腿疼，渴望休息一下。故選A。
25題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一天晚上，我們?nèi)チ艘粋€露營地，騎著自行車從一座大山上下來，因腿疼，我們急于休息一下。A. hiking遠足；B. climbing攀巖；C. wandering閑逛；D. cycling騎車。根據(jù)后文“up a muntain with aching legs”可知，他們因為爬山而腿疼。故選D。
【26題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，我哥哥的前輪打滑了，他滑到了路中間。A. sank下沉；B. slid滑落；C. rlled滾動；D. raced比賽。根據(jù)上文“my brther’s frnt tyre slipped and he”可知，哥哥前輪打滑了，他滑到了路中間。故選B。
【27題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：顯然，他傷得不重，但他的腿卡在了自行車車架里。A. attached t附屬于；B. buried in埋頭于；C. laded with裝載；D. stuck in陷入。根據(jù)后文“the bike frame”可知，哥哥的腿卡在了自行車車架里。故選D。
【28題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：意識到一輛車超速行駛，父親和我都驚呆了。A. danger危險；B. truble麻煩；C. shck震驚；D. vain徒勞。根據(jù)后文“I rushed ut in frnt f my brther in the middle f the rad”可知，車輛超速駛來，父親和作者都驚呆了。故選C。
【29題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我本能地沖到路中間我哥哥的面前，瘋狂地揮動著雙手。A. clapped輕拍；B. waved揮動；C. raised籌集；D. rubbed擦。根據(jù)后文“my hands wildly”可知，此處指揮動雙手讓車停下。故選B。
【30題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：汽車向前沖去，但突然避開，繞過了我和哥哥。A. arund圍繞；B. back回來；C. ahead前面；D. aside一邊。根據(jù)后文“bypassing my brther and me”可知，車輛繞過了它們，turn aside表示“避開”。故選D。
【31題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我父親說我當時非常勇敢，但出于某種原因，我不認為我是在拿自己的生命冒險，因為這似乎是唯一可以做的事情。A. ptentially潛在地；B. slightly稍微地；C. incredibly難以置信地；D. generusly慷慨地。根據(jù)后文“brave then”可知，作者沖到路上攔車非常勇敢。故選C。
【32題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我父親說我當時非常勇敢，但出于某種原因，我不認為我是在拿自己的生命冒險，因為這似乎是唯一可以做的事情。A. risking冒險；B. lsing失去；C. saving拯救；D. changing改變。根據(jù)上文“my life”可知，沖到路上攔車是冒生命危險。故選A。
【33題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我相信，在危險時刻，我們應該做我們認為是正確的事，而不是仔細考慮困境。A. suggestins建議；B. preferences偏愛；C. prspects前景；D. dilemmas困境。根據(jù)上文“I believe that in times f danger”可知，此處指在困境中，故選D。
【34題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我當時想過那天晚上我在做什么，我的兄弟可能已經(jīng)從這個世界上被奪走了。A. remved去除；B. released釋放；C. rbbed奪走；D. freed釋放。根據(jù)上文“If I had thught abut what I was ding that night, my brther might have been”可知，如果作者多加考慮，哥哥可能已經(jīng)從這個世界上被奪走了。故選C。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The frmatin and develpment f China’s Maritime Silk Rad, with a histry f several thusand years, wve a tapestry (織錦，掛毯) f maritime ____35____ (effrt) — frm mdest beginnings in the Pre-Qin era t the vibrant large- scale maritime trade that flurished pst-Qin and Han dynasties, frm maritime migratin fr ____36____ (survive) t ecnmic trade, China’s maritime Silk Rad has experienced ____37____ unusual curse.
During the Qin and Han Dynasties, scial stability and develpment became the ____38____ (imprtant) issues fr the state which had just been unified int a ____39____ (centralize) state. During this perid, scial prductive frces made great prgress, ____40____ which shipbuilding technlgy and navigatin technlgy were develped by leaps and bunds cmpared with befre. It was during this perid ____41____ all the navigatin rutes alng the Chinese cast were unimpeded (暢通的). Upn this slid fundatin, the name f China ____42____ (carve) in histry thrugh establishing the wrld’s first ceanic rute — the Maritime Silk Rad, sailing frm the calm waters f the Suth China Sea t the vast expanse f the Indian Ocean.
____43____ (apparent), this rute nt nly facilitated the exchange f gds but als fstered cultural and intellectual dialgue between civilizatins, _____44_____ (leave) an everlasting mark n human histry.
【答案】35. effrts
36. survival
37. an 38. mst imprtant
39 centralized
40. amng 41. that
42. was carved
43. Apparently
44. leaving
【解析】
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了中國海上絲綢之路的形成、發(fā)展以及重要作用。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：中國海上絲綢之路的形成和發(fā)展，有著幾千年的歷史，編織了一幅海洋事業(yè)的畫卷，從先秦時期的起步，到秦漢以后蓬勃發(fā)展的大規(guī)模海上貿(mào)易，從海上生存移民到經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易，中國海上絲綢之路走過了不平凡的歷程。此處effrt前文沒有冠詞，表示數(shù)量大于一應用復數(shù)形式。故填effrts。
【36題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：中國海上絲綢之路的形成和發(fā)展，有著幾千年的歷史，編織了一幅海洋事業(yè)的畫卷，從先秦時期的起步，到秦漢以后蓬勃發(fā)展的大規(guī)模海上貿(mào)易，從海上生存移民到經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易，中國海上絲綢之路走過了不平凡的歷程。作介詞的賓語，應用名詞survival，故填survival。
【37題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：中國海上絲綢之路的形成和發(fā)展，有著幾千年的歷史，編織了一幅海洋事業(yè)的畫卷，從先秦時期的起步，到秦漢以后蓬勃發(fā)展的大規(guī)模海上貿(mào)易，從海上生存移民到經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易，中國海上絲綢之路走過了不平凡的歷程。curse為泛指，且unusual是發(fā)音以元音音素開頭的單詞。故填an。
【38題詳解】
考查最高級。句意：秦漢時期，社會的穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展成為剛剛統(tǒng)一為中央集權(quán)國家的國家最重要的問題。根據(jù)上文定冠詞以及句意可知為最高級，在imprtant前加the mst。故填mst imprtant。
【39題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：秦漢時期，社會的穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展成為剛剛統(tǒng)一為中央集權(quán)國家的國家最重要的問題。修飾名詞state應用形容詞centralized，作定語。故填centralized。
【40題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：在這一時期，社會生產(chǎn)力有了很大的進步，其中造船技術(shù)和航海技術(shù)比以前有了跳躍式的發(fā)展。此處為介詞+關(guān)系代詞結(jié)構(gòu)非限制性定語從句，且表示“在三者或三者以上……其中”應用amng，故填amng。
【41題詳解】
考查強調(diào)句。句意：正是在這一時期，中國沿海的所有航線暢通無阻。此處為強調(diào)句：it was+被強調(diào)部分+ that/wh+其他，被強調(diào)部分為during this perid，故填that。
【42題詳解】
考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：在這個堅實的基礎(chǔ)上，開辟了世界上第一條海上航線——海上絲綢之路，從風平浪靜的南海通往廣袤無垠的印度洋，中國的名字由此被載入史冊。主語the name f China與謂語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合上文Upn this slid fundatin可知發(fā)生在過去用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，謂語用單數(shù)。故填was carved。
【43題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：顯然，這條路線不僅促進了貨物交流，而且促進了文明之間的文化和智力對話，在人類歷史上留下了永恒的印記。修飾后文句子應用副詞apparently，首字母大寫。故填Apparently。
【44題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：顯然，這條路線不僅促進了貨物交流，而且促進了文明之間的文化和智力對話，在人類歷史上留下了永恒的印記。此處leave與rute構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填leaving。
第五部分 寫作(滿分25分)
45. 假如你是李華，上周六你參加了市科技館舉辦的智能家居展覽(the Smart Hme Exhibitin),請用英語寫一封書信向你的外國朋友 Steve介紹本次展覽，內(nèi)容包括：
1.展覽簡介(時間、地點);
2.展覽內(nèi)容;
3.觀展感受。
注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
Dear Steve,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs truly
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Steve,
Hpe this letter finds yu well. Visiting the Smart Hme Exhibitin last Saturday at the City Science and Technlgy Museum, I’m eagerly writing t intrduce smething relevant, hping t share with yu the thrilling experience.
Aimed at making peple’s daily life mre cnvenient and efficient, the exhibitin shwcased the latest advancements in hme autmatin and technlgy, ranging frm smart lighting, security systems t vice-cntrlled devices. What it highlighted was the interactive displays, where visitrs culd experience cntrlling appliances with just their vice r thrugh smartphne apps. It was breathtaking t witness hw technlgy can easily integrate int ur daily lives.
Meaningful and unfrgettable, the exhibitin is well wrth visiting. It impresses n us that the smart hme will make ur life easier and smart technlgy is nt a fantasy. If yu like further details, I am always here.
Yurs truly,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導語】本篇書面表達屬于應用文。要求考生對于上周六你參加了市科技館舉辦的智能家居展覽(the Smart Hme Exhibitin)這一情況，用英語寫一封書信向你的外國朋友 Steve介紹本次展覽。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
渴望地：eagerly→ lngingly
有關(guān)的：relevant →related
旨在，目的是：Aimed at→ With the purpse f
令人驚嘆的：breathtaking→ amazing
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句：Aimed at making peple’s daily life mre cnvenient and efficient, the exhibitin shwcased the latest advancements in hme autmatin and technlgy, ranging frm smart lighting, security systems t vice-cntrlled devices.
拓展句：Aimed at making peple’s daily life mre cnvenient and efficient, the exhibitin shwcased the latest advancements in hme autmatin and technlgy, which range frm smart lighting, security systems t vice-cntrlled devices.
【點睛】【高分句型1】What it highlighted was the interactive displays, where visitrs culd experience cntrlling appliances with just their vice r thrugh smartphne apps.（運用了連接代詞what引導的主語從句以及關(guān)系副詞where引導的非限制性定語從句。）
【高分句型2】Visiting the Smart Hme Exhibitin last Saturday at the City Science and Technlgy Museum, I’m eagerly writing t intrduce smething relevant, hping t share with yu the thrilling experience.（運用了非謂語動詞中的現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。）

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