
【教材原句】
This, hwever, is nthing cmpared t the train. (教材P62)
【辨析】
兩者都有“把…..和…..比較/相比”的意思,但有一定區(qū)別。
cmpare…. t….. 意思是 = 1 \* GB3 ①把…..與…..比較/相比,此時,可與cmpare …. With…. 互換。 = 2 \* GB3 ②把…..比作/比喻為…..,表示這一意思時,不可與cmpare ….. with…. 互換。
cmpare….with…. 意思是“把…..與…..比較/相比”, 指研判人與人之間、事物與事物之間相同或相異的程度, cmpare 的名詞是cmparisn, 請注意以下詞組:
cmpare ntes with sb. 與某人交換意見。
by/in cmparisn with、t….與….相比
cmpare A and B 意思是“對比A和B”
【例句呈現(xiàn)】
Cmpare this t/with that, and yu’ll see which is better.
把這個和那個相比,你就能看出哪個更好。
Michael’s new huse is like a huge palace, cmpared t/with his ld ne.
與邁克的舊房子比起來,他的新房子像個大宮殿。
Nthing can cmpare with/t a mther’s lve.
沒有什么能與母愛相比。
This huse desn’t cmpare with/t ur previus ne.
這房子不如我們以前的房子。
Please cmpare yur translatin with/t the mdel translatin n the blackbard.
請把你們的翻譯和黑板上的翻譯例子相比較。
We cmpared the brave man t a lin.
我們把勇敢的人比作雄獅。
Yung peple are ften cmpared t the rising sun.
年輕人常被比作冉冉升起的太陽。
We ften cmpare a teacher t a candle.
我們常把老師比喻成蠟燭。
Pets have cmpared sleep t death.
詩人將睡眠比作死。
Bks can be cmpared t friends.
書可以比喻為朋友。
It’s easier t cmpare British and American English nw that we have the Internet.
有了互聯(lián)網(wǎng),我們就更容易比較英式英語和美式英語了。
【考點過關(guān)】
根據(jù)cmpare的用法填空
1. Film has a much shrter histry, especially when ________ (cmpare) t such art frms as music and painting.
2. Yu’ll be cmpared _______ a giant when yu devte yurself t cuntry.
3. Our wrk can be cmpared _______ a battle.
4. The by always cmpared his tys ________ ther bys’ tys.
5. Shakespeare cmpared the wrld ______ a stage.
6. _______ with ther years, we received many mre phts.
7. I intended t cmpare ntes _______ a friend, but unfrtunately they culdn’t spare me even ne minute.
8. _______ with silk, cttn is cheap.
9. By/In cmparisn ________ last year, the price f beef has increased.
10. Wrst f all, I get a larger quantity f hmewrk, _________ t them.
【參考答案】
1. cmpared; 2. t; 3. t; 4. with/t; 5. t; 6. Cmpared; 7. with; 8. Cmpared; 9. with/t; 10. cmpared
●because; since;as; fr
【教材原句】
Because there’s n air cnditining, the temperature inside the train can reach 35 degree! (教材P62)
【辨析】
四個詞都可以表示“因為”,但是語氣和用法有一定區(qū)別。其語氣由強至弱依次為:because → since → as → fr; 其中because, since, as均為從屬連詞,引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句;而fr 是并列連詞,引導(dǎo)并列句。
because,通常指聽者所不知道的直接原因,語氣最強。一般用來回答why引出的問句,常位于主句之后,在強調(diào)句型中,如果強調(diào)的是原因狀語從句,只能用because引導(dǎo)這個狀語從句。
since,一般表示明顯的或已為人所知的理由,側(cè)重主句的意思,常譯為“因為”、“既然”,相當(dāng)于nw that, 語氣比because稍弱,通常置于句首,偶爾也可以放句尾,有時表示一種含有勉強語氣的原因。
as 一般表示雙方都知道的事實或顯而易見的原因,或者理由不夠重要,與since相同,但語氣更弱,沒有since正式,常譯為“由于,鑒于”。往往是,從句說明原因,主句說明結(jié)果,主從句并重。
fr是并列連詞,一般不表示直接原因,常表示補充說明的理由,它所引導(dǎo)的分句只能放在另外一個分句后面,且前后兩個分句在邏輯意義上不一定是因果關(guān)系,與前一個分句之間必修用逗號隔開,這一用法常見于較正式的書面語中。
【例句呈現(xiàn)】
Life was harder then because neither f us had a jb.
那時生活比較艱苦,因為我倆都沒有工作。
The party went well because everyne entered int the spirit f things.
晚會很成功,因為每個人都很投入。
Nthing will be dne because n ne in authrity takes the matter seriusly.
什么也辦不了,因為掌權(quán)的誰也不認真對待這個問題。
Since the rain has stpped, let’s g fr a walk.
既然雨停了,我們出去散散步吧。
Since we are yung, we shuldn’t be t afraid f making mistakes.
因為我們還年輕,所以不應(yīng)該太害怕犯錯誤。
He didn’t cme since he was busy.
他因為忙,所以沒有來。
Please return the bk t the library as yu will g there this afternn.
因為你下午要去那里所以麻煩你把這本書還給圖書館。
As it is raining, yu had better take a taxi.
既然下雨, 你最好坐出租車來。
Everyne likes yu as yu are bth kind and hnest.
人人都喜歡你,因為你既和氣,又誠實。
The days are shrt, fr it is nw December.
白天短了,因為現(xiàn)在已是十二月份。
It must have rained, fr the grund is wet.
一定是下雨了,因為地面很濕。
The day breaks, fr the birds are singing.
天亮了, 因為鳥都叫了。
【考點過關(guān)】
用because, since, as, fr填空
1. ______ yu are free tday, yu had better help me with my mathematics.
2. _______ yu are tired, yu had better rest.
3. He seldm ges ut nw, _______ he is very ld.
4. _______ yu dn't trust him, yu shuld nt emply him.
5. He must be ill, ______ he is absent tday.
6. It was _______ I missed the early bus that I was late fr schl.
7. ______ yu are grwn up, yu shuld nt rely n yur parents.
8. He culd nt have seen me, ______ I was nt there.
9. I did it _______ they asked me t d it.
10. _______ it is raining, yu’d better take a taxi.
11. I went t bed early, _______ I was exhausted.
12. I was wrried ________ Mary was late.
【參考答案】
1. Since; 2. As; 3. fr; 4. Since; 5. fr; 6. because; 7. Since; 8. fr; 9. because; 10. As; 11. as; 12. because
●acrss; thrugh
【教材原句】
What’s mre, heavy rain in Eastern Eurpe has caused Landslides, and the heat acrss Suthern Eurpe has caused frest fires. (教材P63)
【辨析】
兩者都可表示 “穿過”,但側(cè)重點不同。
acrss指橫過,表示動作從一邊到另一邊,動作沿物體的表面進行。一般作介詞,也可作副詞。
thrugh指從事物或物體的中間或內(nèi)部穿過,表示動作在某立體空間中進行的。
溫馨提示:如果從馬路的一邊橫穿到另一邊,用acrss; 如果從街道的一頭到另一頭,則用thrugh
【例句呈現(xiàn)】
There's a way acrss the fields.
有一條路穿過田地。
We left the rad and struck ff acrss the fields.
我們下了公路,穿過曠野往前走。
The map shws the distributin f this species acrss the wrld.
地圖上標(biāo)明了這一物種在全世界的分布情況。
The lights changed t red befre I culd get acrss.
我還沒來得及通過,紅燈又亮了。
The general had t get his trps acrss the river.
將軍必須讓部隊過河。
Grwth has nt been unifrm acrss the cuntry.
全國各地的發(fā)展程度不一。
The bridge was destryed s we culdn't get acrss the river.
大橋已經(jīng)毀壞,我們無法過河了。
They went n a lng train jurney acrss India.
他們乘火車作了一次橫跨印度的長途旅行。
G thrugh this gate, and yu'll see the huse n yur left.
你穿過這道大門,就看到左面的房子了。
The track led us thrugh a wd.
我們沿著那條小道穿過了樹林。
They drve a tunnel thrugh the slid rck.
他們鑿出一條穿過堅固巖石的隧道。
The path ges thrugh a wd befre rejining the main rad.
這條小路穿過一片樹林后與大路交匯。
The quickest way is thrugh the back lanes behind the bus statin.
最近的路是穿過公共汽車站后面的小巷。
He inched his way thrugh the narrw passage.
他一點一點地穿過狹窄的通道。
Children frm the flats acrss the street were playing utside.
街對面公寓樓里的兒童正在戶外玩耍。
【考點過關(guān)】
用acrss和thrugh填空
1. They marched silently ______ the streets frm ne end t the ther end.
2, Draw a thick black line _______ the page.
3. Air ducts and electrical cables were threaded _______ the cmplex structure
4. The bank is just _______ the street.
5. The main path cntinues ________ a tunnel f trees.
6. He ffered t ferry us ________ the river in his bat.
7. These bys pushed their way ________ the crwd f peple in rder t save time.
8. The lake was frzen, s we walked _______ the ice.
9. It tk us hurs t walk _______ the frest.
10. At the frnt dr std a five-year-ld by frm _______ the street.
11. The drve ________ a snwstrm yesterday.
12. A smile f understanding flashed ________ Kathy’s face.
13. The sunlight came in ________ the windws in the rfs and lit up the whle rm.
【參考答案】
1. thrugh 2. acrss; 3. thrugh; 4. acrss; 5. thrugh; 6. acrss; 7. thrugh; 8. acrss; 9. thrugh; 10. acrss; 11. thrugh; 12. acrss; 13. thrugh
●weather; climate
【教材原句】
Experts say this bad weather has ccurred due t climate change. (教材P63)
Technlgy isn’t the nly way t frecast the weather. (教材P63)
Unusual animal behavir, fr example, can indicate whether it’s cld, wet weather that’s n the way r a ht, dry perid. (教材P63)
【辨析】
三者都與氣象有關(guān),但含義上有一定區(qū)別。
weather意思是“天氣,氣象”, 通常指某一地區(qū)短期內(nèi)具體的氣象變化,包括晴雨寒暖等情況, 屬于氣候內(nèi)容的一種表現(xiàn)。
climate意思是“氣候;氣候區(qū);傾向;思潮;風(fēng)氣;環(huán)境氣氛”。做“氣候”講時,指某一地區(qū)常年長期的天氣情況,包括氣溫、干旱程度、降雨量等。
【例句呈現(xiàn)】
He was nt used t the lcal climate.
他不習(xí)慣當(dāng)?shù)氐臍夂颉?br>Fr mst f the year, we have a dry climate in Beijing.
一年中大部分時間,北京的氣候都很干燥。
The climate in this regin is unwhlesme.
這個地區(qū)的氣候于健康不利。
It is difficult t find wrk in the present ecnmic climate.
在目前這種經(jīng)濟大氣候下很難找到工作。
Yu'll sn get used t the climate here.
你會很快習(xí)慣這兒的氣候的。
This will nt be pssible in the changed ecnmic climate.
這在經(jīng)濟氣候已經(jīng)改變的條件下是不可能的。
Scial nrm requests that the translatin mtivatin be in accrdance with the scial climate.
社會規(guī)范是指社會思潮要求翻譯目的與之吻合。
The biggest ranking criteria in the whle survey is plitical and scial climate.
美世調(diào)查報告最重要的一項標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就是政治和社會風(fēng)氣。
There's ging t be a change in the weather.
天氣將有變化。
Gas and il cnsumptin always increases in cld weather.
燃氣和燃油的消耗量在天冷時總會增加。
The bad weather is causing prblems fr many farmers.
惡劣的天氣給許多農(nóng)民造成了困難。
The weather was very kind t us.
天氣非常宜人。
The weather gt s bad that we had t turn back.
天氣變得非常惡劣,我們不得不循原路折回。
Weather satellites have bserved a ring f vlcanic ash girdling the earth
氣象衛(wèi)星觀測到一個環(huán)繞地球的火山灰?guī)А?br>Accrding t the weather frecast, frst is expected tmrrw mrning.
據(jù)氣象預(yù)報,明晨將有霜凍。
【考點過關(guān)】
用climate和weather填空
1. What was the ________ like n yur vacatin?
2. _______ change f the whle wrld is still very much a subject fr debate.
3. Yu shuld g utdrs in such fine _______.
4. The article puts frward a new thery t explain changes in the ___________ f the wrld.
5. The _______ is very changeable at this time f year.
6. We need t create a ________ in which business can prsper.
7. The game was called ff because f bad _______ weather.
8. The ________ f plitical cnfusin has nly reinfrced the cuntry's ecnmic decline.
9. It wuld be dangerus t risk ging ut in this ________.
10. The religius ________ at the time refused new ideas.
11. A red sky at night ften indicates fine ________ the next day.
12. The warm _______ favrs many types f trpical plants.
13. The _______ at the mment is nt typical fr July.
14. If the _______ in the wrld changes cntinue, we will suffer the cnsequences.
15. Wrk n the building was impeded by severe _______.
16. As a new psychlgical ________, psitive psychlgy advcates that psychlgy shuld research psitive traits f mankind itself.
17. Accrding t the ________ frecast, there will be a gale tmrrw.
18. T maintain a psitive schl ________ the cmmunity fllws these guidelines fr student behavir.
19. ________ statins are scattered all ver the vast plains and the muntain regins.
【參考答案】
1. weather; 2. Climate; 3. weather; 4. climate; 5. weather; 6. climate; 7. weather; 8. climate; 9. weather; 10. climate; 11. weather; 12. climate; 13. weather; 14. climate; 15. weather; 16. climate; 17. weather; 18. climate; 19. Weather
●strike/hit; (襲擊)attack
【教材原句】
In 1881, an hurricane struck the small Vietnamese city f Haiphng, bringing terrible strng winds. (教材P66)
When it hit the cast, huge tidal waves caused severe fld, csting the lives f up t 300, 000 citizens. (教材P66)
【辨析】
三者都可表示 “襲擊,攻擊”, 但用法表達有一定區(qū)別;指“攻擊、襲擊”時,hit 與strike完全可以互換。
hit/strike 通常指意外的自然災(zāi)害的襲擊,如,臺風(fēng),洪水,沙塵暴,颶風(fēng),暴風(fēng)雪,地震,雷電等。
attack通常指有生命的人或物之間的攻擊、襲擊,如,人與人之間,人與動植物之間,動植物之間等。另外,attack也可表示通過輿論,言語,文字等對人、組織、國家、團體、政策和理論等進行抨擊。這些攻擊或襲擊往往帶有一定的目的性。既可以做名詞也可以做動詞。
溫馨提示:強調(diào)心臟病的發(fā)作或襲擊時,只能用attack.
【例句呈現(xiàn)】
He has laid himself wide pen t plitical attack.
他在政治上已經(jīng)處于極易受到攻擊的境地。
Yur father is an bvius candidate fr a heart attack.
你父親顯然是容易患心臟病的人。
They aimed t make the cuntry safe frm terrrist attacks.
他們力圖使國家免遭恐怖分子的襲擊。
His research wrk was attacked by animal rights activists.
他的研究受到了動物權(quán)益維護者的抨擊。
The white bld cells attack cells infected with an invader.
白細胞攻擊受到感染的細胞。
He was walking alng the rad when he was attacked by a dg.
他正在路邊散步,突然遭到了一只狗的襲擊。
The man attacked me fr n apparent reasn.
那個人不知何故攻擊我。
The strng wind hit/struck him as he turned the crner.
在街角一拐彎處,狂風(fēng)就向他襲來。
The chances are a millin t ne against being struck/hit by lightning.
遭雷擊的可能性是微乎其微的。
Spain was ne f cuntries hit/struck hardest by the hurricane.
西班牙是遭受這次颶風(fēng)打擊最嚴(yán)重的國家之一。
【考點過關(guān)】
用attack和hit/strike適當(dāng)形式填空
1. The heavy sandstrm _______ a city in the west, and 50 peple were seriusly wunded the day befre yesterday.
2. The plice said the _______ frm elephants was an islated incident.
3. A blast f ht air ________ us as we stepped ff the plane.
4. The article was a savage ________ n the gvernment's recrd.
5. Last year a serius fld ________ the whle cuntry.
6. Peple wh are verweight run a risk f a heart _______ r strke.
7. After being _______ by anther bear, the ld man lifted his gun.
8. The cuntry ________ by the earthquake is Japan.
9. The ppsitin leader _______ the gvernment by writing many articles last year.
10. A snwstrm ________ all the villages in that area last mnth.
【參考答案】
1. hit/struck; 2. attack; 3. hit/struck; 4. attack; 5. hit/struck; 6. attack; 7. attacked; 8. hit/struck; 9. attacked; 10. hit/struck
●be ding…when…;be abut t d…when…= be n the pint f ding…when…;had just dne…when…
【教材原句】
I was sitting in my rm with my cat, Smartie, n my lap, when the rf just flew ff. (教材P68)
【辨析】
三者都有“當(dāng)….時突然….”的意思,但是有一定區(qū)別。
be ding…when…意思是“正在做某事突然發(fā)生了另外一件事”。
be abut t d…when…= be n the pint f ding…when…意思是“就要做某事突然發(fā)生了另一件事”。
had just dne…when…意思是“剛做完一件事突然發(fā)生了另一件事”。
【例句呈現(xiàn)】
He was just abut t dive when he saw the shark.
他剛要跳水,突然看見了鯊魚。
He had just had his meal when a familiar vice came t his ears.
他剛吃完飯,突然聽到一個熟悉的聲音。
Jim was n the pint f telling a funny stry when he brke ff t answer the telephne.
吉姆正要講一個可笑的故事,突然停下來接了個電話。
He was n the pint f giving up when his mther encuraged him.
他正要放棄時,母親鼓勵了他。
I was abut t steal a few pieces f silver when I saw a man frm the ther side f the street cme running int the shp.
我正要偷幾塊銀子,突然看見一個男人從大街的另一邊往店里跑來。
We had marched nly a little way when we came upn a grup f fifty hrsemen.
我們剛走沒多遠就遇上了一個五十人的馬隊。
We were ding ur hmewrk when the light went ut.
我們正在做家庭作業(yè),燈突然熄了。
We were rlling alng merrily when suddenly we had a burst tyre.
我們正乘車快樂地行進著,突然間輪胎爆了。
They were watching the Wrld Cup when suddenly the lights went ut.
他們正看著世界杯比賽,突然燈滅了。
We were drinking beer and trading stries when suddenly my wife came back.
我們正在喝啤酒,互相侃著奇聞軼事,這時候我妻子突然回來了。
The headmaster was abut t leave the ffice when suddenly a by rushed in.
校長正要離開辦公室,這時一個男孩沖了進來。
He was abut t give up the questin, when suddenly he fund the answer.
當(dāng)他正準(zhǔn)備放棄這個問題時,突然找到了解決的答案。
He was talking away abut his plans when suddenly the lights went ff.
他還在喋喋不休地講著他的計劃,這時燈突然滅了。
One night I was having a gd sleep, when suddenly I heard my dg yapping.
一天夜里我正在熟睡,突然聽到狗狂吠起來。
We were having a picnic, when suddenly there came a dwnpur.
當(dāng)我們正在舉行野餐的時候, 忽然大雨傾盆。
We had just reached hme when the petrl gave ut.
我們剛到家汽油就沒了。
【考點過關(guān)】
根據(jù)be ding…when…;be abut t d…when…= be n the pint f ding…when…;had just dne…when…用法填空。
1. He had just sat dwn t think abut what t d next ______ suddenly the cat began t speak!
2. They were n the pint ______ driving dwn a cuntry rad when suddenly the bus ran ff the rad and crashed int an ld farmer's barn.
3. He had just left when I arrived.
4. The remaining men were abut _______ (leave) when suddenly a yung man rushed int the huse, almst t excited t speak.
5. I was lying awake n my bed ______ suddenly Sarah came inside and started screaming.
6. We were abut t talk _______ he suddenly tk his jacket and run away.
7. He was enjying a bag f peanuts ______ he suddenly became shrt f breath.
8. The whle family was abut ______ (have) a happy reunin n the eve f the Spring Festival when the pwer suddenly went ff.
9. We had just fallen asleep ______ the telephne rang.
10. We were abut _______ (get) n the train when the explsin ccurred.
11. He was ______ the pint f describing a rather terrifying experience when there was a lud crash frm the bedrm abve.
12. She had just finished dressing ______ her guests came in.
【參考答案】
1. when; 2. f; 3. t leave; 4. when; 5. when; 6. when; 7. when; 8. t have; 9. when; 10. t get; 11. n; 12. when
●remember ding sth. ; remember t d sth.
【教材原句】
I remember us all lying under the midnight sky and lking up at the stars. (教材P69)
【辨析】
兩者意義完全不同。
remember ding sth. 表示““記得已經(jīng)做過某事”。
remember t d sth. 表示“記住將要做某事”。
【例句呈現(xiàn)】
Remember t d s because yu want t and nt because yu have t.
要記住確保這些都是你自己想做的,而非不得不做的。
I remembered tuning ff the lights when I left the rm.
我記得我關(guān)燈了,當(dāng)我離開房間的時候.(燈已經(jīng)關(guān)了)
But remember t d yur hmewrk befre stepping int the cnference hall, r yu will feel like a rudderless bat in mid-sea.
但是要記得在走進會議大廳之前做好準(zhǔn)備工作,否則你會感到就像在大海中間的一艘無舵的小船。
Cut this cake in half and give ne f the pieces t yur sister, but remember t d it like a gentleman.
把蛋糕切成兩半,給你妹妹一份,不過,你得記住要做得像一個紳士那樣。
I can't remember ding it s I can't deny it.
我不記得我有沒有做過這樣的事,所以我不能否認。
Yu can als set a due date fr the tasks t make sure yu'll remember t d them n time.
你還可以設(shè)定一個適當(dāng)?shù)娜掌跒槿蝿?wù),以確保你會永遠記得按時去做。
I dn't even remember ding it!
我自己都不記的我干過!
I can remember ding sme really, really spectacular ddles.
我記得曾經(jīng)畫出真的很棒的涂鴉。
I can't remember ding it s I can't deny it.
我不記得我有沒有做過這樣的事,所以我不能否認。
Dn't yu remember seeing the man befre?
你不記得以前見過那個人嗎?
【考點過關(guān)】
根據(jù)remember t d sth.和remember ding sth.的用法填空
1. I dn't remember ______ (say) anything t get yu s mad at me.
2. Where ever yu are, whatever yu are ding, if yu haven't said Happy Mther's Day t yur mm yet, remember ______ (d) s.
3. I remember ________ (d) smething n a regular basis that hardly anyne des any mre.
4. Remember _______ (let) the cat ut when yu leave.
5. I remember _______ (turn) ff the light, why are they n nw?
6. But remember ______ (carry) ut sme stretches first befre yu start t take sme exercise.
7. I remember ______ (hand) in my hmewrk,but it still in my schl bag.
8. Remember ______ (d) this fr yur parents tmrrw.
9. Dn't yu remember _______ (tell) me the stry yesterday?
10. Befre yu take that call r g t the in-persn meeting, remember ______ (make ) sme preparatins.
11. I hpe yu will remember _______ (d) smething that makes yu happy, try t find a way t serve,
【參考答案】
1. saying; 2. t d; 3. ding; 4. t let; 5. turning; 6. t carry; 7. handing; 8. t d; 9. telling; 10. make; 11. t d
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