第十七講 期末復(fù)習(xí) 1.復(fù)習(xí)九年級(jí)各單元的詞匯、短語和句型； 2.復(fù)習(xí)九年級(jí)各單元的語法點(diǎn)。 模塊三 重點(diǎn)語法點(diǎn) （一）重點(diǎn)語法 賓語從句 學(xué)習(xí)賓語從句要抓住三要素：連接詞、語序和時(shí)態(tài)。 賓語從句的定義 賓語從句在復(fù)合句中起賓語的作用，可以作動(dòng)詞的賓語，也可以做介詞的賓語作動(dòng)詞的賓語: I heard that he would come here later on. 主語 謂語動(dòng)詞 一個(gè)句子作賓語 作介詞的賓語: He　said　 nothing about who broke the window last night. 主語 謂語動(dòng)詞 代詞作動(dòng)詞的賓語 介詞　一個(gè)句子作介詞的賓語 賓語從句中引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）的用法 在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語，引導(dǎo)詞有 連詞：that (that ?？墒÷?,whether, if 代詞：who, whose, what ,which 副詞：when ,where, how, why 等。 由whether, if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 當(dāng)由一般疑問句充當(dāng)賓語從句時(shí)，用if或whether引導(dǎo)，意為“是否”。如： I don't know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years． 但在下列情況下只能用whether，不能用if： ①在具有選擇意義，又有or或or not時(shí)，尤其是直接與or not連用時(shí)，往往用whether（if…or not也可以使用）。如： Let me know whether ／if he will come or not．（＝Let me know whether or not he will come） ②在介詞之后用whether。如： I'm interested in whether he likes English． ③在不定式前用whether。如： He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man． ④whether置于句首時(shí)，不能換用if。如： Whether this is true or not，I can't say． 連接代詞：who, whom, whose, which, what,在句中擔(dān)任主語、賓語、定語或者表語。連接代詞一般指疑問,但what, whatever除了指疑問外,也可以指陳述。 Do you know who has won Red Alert game? 連接副詞有：when, where, why, how，在句中擔(dān)任狀語的成分。 He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. 賓語從句的語序 賓語從句的語序是陳述句語序即：連接代詞/副詞+主語+謂語+其他成分。 I don’t know what they are looking for. Could you tell me when the train will leave? 賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài) 1）主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況使用任何時(shí)態(tài)。 例句：The headmaster hopes everything goes well. 2）主句是過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句須用過去時(shí)態(tài)的某種形式。 例句：She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time. 3）當(dāng)賓語從句表示的是一個(gè)客觀真理或者事實(shí)時(shí)，即使主句是過去時(shí)，從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。 例句：The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound. 注意：運(yùn)用虛擬語氣的情況在表示建議 suggest , advise, propose; 要求demand , desire, request； 決定 decide; 命令 order, command, require;　堅(jiān)決主張 insist; 等動(dòng)詞后跟賓語從句，用（should）+v．（虛擬語氣） 例句：I suggested that you（should）study hard. He ordered that we should go out at once. 1. Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me where you ___________ (buy) it? 2. --Excuse me .Could you tell me__________ I can get to the Space Museum? --Of course. You can take bus No.1. 3. Michael Jordan has failed over and over again in his life. And that’s __________ he succeeds. 4. --Do you know ___________the girl in red is? --I’m not sure. Maybe a teacher. 5. I hear Tom lives here, but I’m not sure which room he ____________ (live) in. （二）重點(diǎn)語法 定語從句 定義： 在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。 I like music that I can dance to. 被修飾的名詞，詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。 引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞有 關(guān)系代詞that, which, who(賓格whom, 所有格whose)和關(guān)系副詞where, when, why 關(guān)系詞常有三個(gè)作用： 1、引導(dǎo)定語從句 2、代替先行詞 3、在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分 定語從句分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 who, whom, that 這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下： Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who/that在從句中作________） He is the man whom/ that I met yesterday.（whom/that在從句中作________） 2. whose 用來指人或物，（只用作定語，若指物，它還可以同of which互換），例如：　 Please pass me the book whose cover(封面) is green.　 = Please pass me the book ,the cover(封面) of which is green. 3. which, that 它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，例如： The movie which / that was on yesterday is very interesting.（which / that在句中作________） The movie which / that I saw yesterday is very interesting.（which / that在句中作_________） 關(guān)系代詞that和which 都可以指物，that 和who 都可以指人，其用法區(qū)別： 注意：不用that的情況： a) 在引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時(shí) b) 介詞后不能用 記住：只能用that作為定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的情況 a) 在不定代詞，如：anything, nothing, everything, all, much, few, any, little等作先行詞時(shí)，只用that，不用which。 b) 先行詞有the only, the very, the just修飾時(shí)，只用that?！?c) 先行詞為序數(shù)詞(the last)、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，只用that。 d) 先行詞既有人，又有物時(shí)。 e) 當(dāng)主句是以who 或which 開始的特殊疑問句時(shí)，用that 以避免重復(fù)。 Who is the person that is standing at the gate? 1. You can’t eat the meat. It _________ (smell) bad. 2. --Do you often clean your classroom? --Yes. Our classroom ________ (clean) every day. 3. Many old houses around our school __________ (pull down) next year and a large green area will appear. 4. --- My watch ______ (lose). --- Don’t worry. Let’s go to the Lost & Found. 5. -- How often ______ your school sports meeting ______(hold)? -- Once a year. （四）重點(diǎn)語法 used 相關(guān)用法 used to do sth./be used to doing sth.be used to do的辨析和運(yùn)用 used to do sth.意為“過去常常做某事”(而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不做了)，表示過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，暗示現(xiàn)在不做了。to為不定式符號(hào)，后跟動(dòng)詞原形。 eg: I used to go shopping on Saturdays, but now I no longer do so. 過去我經(jīng)常星期六去購物，但現(xiàn)在我不再那樣了。 be used to do sth.“被用于做某事”，此時(shí)的used不是過去式，而是use的過去分詞，與be動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，可用于各種時(shí)態(tài)，其后的不定式表示目的。 eg: Knives are used to cut things. 小刀是用來切割東西的。 be used to doing sth.“習(xí)慣于做某事”，可用于現(xiàn)在、過去、將來等多種時(shí)態(tài)，其中的be動(dòng)詞可用get或become來代替，指的是從不習(xí)慣到習(xí)慣這一過程的轉(zhuǎn)變。 eg: He has been used to living on the top of the mountain. 他已習(xí)慣了住在山頂?shù)纳睢? 1.You’ll soon get used to ___________(live) in the country. 2.I never used to ___________(eat) cakes, but I eat a lot now. 3.I’m not used to _____________(treat) like this. 4.When I was younger I was used to ____________(walk) long distances. 5.Didn’t she use to ____________(live) in Germany. 1. --Would you please tell me when the train ___________ (leave)? --In ten minutes. 2. Do you know ______there’s a good place to drink coffee around here? 3. Our physics teacher told us light __________ (travel) faster than sound last term. 4. The expressions they use might depend on _________ they are speaking to or how well they know each other. 5. He asked whether I understood __________ he meant. 6. Although the machines are very old, they still ________ (work) well. 7. ---Don’t litter the ground, boy. Look at the sign: “Rubbish must _____(throw) into the dustbin.” ---Sorry. 8. Anything can’t _______ (eat) before _____ (take) the medicine. 9. If you _____(improve) your English this term, a new computer ______(buy) for you by me. 10. My bike needs ________ (repair). 重點(diǎn)：1. 九年級(jí)的重點(diǎn)詞匯和短語； 2.賓語從句、定語從句、被動(dòng)語態(tài)和use的多種用法。 一、首字母填空 1. The teacher asked Mary to make up a s__________ with the word “discover”. 2. Is a man’ s normal walking s__________ 4 miles an hour? 3. There are lots of flowers in the g_________. 4. Supper is ready. Please l_________ out the plates, forks and knives. 5. The cinema is b_________ the park, just on its right. 6. I’m sorry, but I must go now—I’m in a r__________. 7. No matter what you ask, she always keeps s__________ and says nothing. 8. My mother is very nice. When my friends come to my home, she always gives snacks and fruit to t_________ them. 9. The thief broke into the house last night and s_________ many things. 10. Do you know his home a___________? I want to visit him. 二、完型填空 I was walking home from school one day and it happened to be a particularly cold and windy day. It was ___1___ and I was crazy enough to forget my hats and gloves. You can imagine my cheeks were rosy red and my hands were as numb as they can be. All of a sudden, an old lady drove up beside me and asked if I would like a ride ___2__. At first I said it was OK, but then her warm smile melted away the thought that I was not supposed to talk to ___3___! We had an amazing chat and she had just ___4___ a good woman. She told me her ___5___ and she dropped me off. I didn’t see her for about a month and one night, I decided to return the favor. So I made a lot of ___6___ and walked down to her house with my friend. At first I was a bit ___7___ she would not remember me or think that I was a bad man who poisoned cookies, but ___8___, I was ___9___ wrong. She was so happy, and she hugged me and kissed me and seemed so shocked that anyone would do something like that! When I got home my mom told me that she ___10___ and told my mom that she cried because she was so touched. She said she would never ___11___ the kindness that was given to her! That filled me with such ___12___! There really is nothing else like helping ___13___ and making someone’s day ___14___! Let us never forget the joy we get ___15___ giving others a hand or just the kindness! A. blowing B. freezing C. shining D. flying A. hospital B. school C. family D. home A. women B. drivers C. strangers D. patients A. so B. such C. that D. as A. numbers B. car C. family D. address A. bread B. salad C. cookies D. sweets A. excited B. disappointed C. embarrassed D. worried A. suddenly B. politely C. finally D. luckily A. generally B. completely C. hardly D. usually A. visited B. came C. drove D. called A. pardon B. remember C. forget D. imagine A. surprise B. fun C. pride D. joy A. others B. the other C. another D. other A. busier B. brighter C. easier D. harder A. for B. in C. by D. on 三、語法填空 About 20 million children in America attend summer camp every year, according to America Association (ACA). They look forward to 1 (spend) time there with friends. But with social-distancing（社交距離) rules in 2 United States, many summer camps face difficult decisions. Can they 3 (safe) welcome campers this year? Do they need to close or should 4 change how they carry out their programs? Most camps are asking not only when they're going to open, 5 also how they re going to open," says Tom Rosenberg, president of the ACA. He says that many camps 6 (wait) on instructions from the government now. "The state's summer camps could open 7 June," Beth Bye, the leader of the Conncticut Office of Early Childhood, said a week ago. "But there need to be 8 (strict) health rules than ever. Most programs will not 9 (allow)to have more than 30 kids. " Bye added that camps are important for both kids and 10 (parent). "For many families," she told the New York Times, "summer camp is their childcare. "

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