Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
Cral reefs (珊瑚礁) are an integral part f sea life and sustain it by prviding shelter and habitat t varius rganisms.They als supply and recycle nutrients as well as enable a grwing fish ppulatin, alng with ther species, fr a healthy and diverse ecsystem.Hwever, the rise in average water temperatures due t climate change has resulted in mre frequent and lng-time “cral bleaching (珊瑚白化)” events that damage their health, causing fish and ther sea species t abandn them.
In rder t restre this delicate ecsystem, scientists frm the UK and Australia cnducted a study that invlved using ludspeakers underwater near damaged cral reefs t make them sund healthy and attract fish, ptentially kick-starting the natural recvery prcess f cral reefs and their dependent life frms.The lcatin fr this experiment was the Great Barrier Reef in the Cral Sea, fund alngside the east cast f Queensland, Australia.The site is nted t have the largest cral reef system in the wrld.
“Healthy cral reefs are remarkably nisy places — the crackle f snapping shrimp and the whps and grunts f fish.Yung fish cncentrate n these sunds when they're lking fr a place t settle，” said Steve Simpsn, study c-authr and a prfessr at the University f Exeter, UK.
By using ludspeakers t cpy such sunds, parts f dead cral reefs were fund t attract twice as many fish, cmpared t places where n sunds were played.“These returning fish are crucial fr cral reefs t functin as healthy ecsystems.Bsting fish ppulatin in this way culd help t kick-start natural recvery prcesses, preventing the damage we're seeing n many cral reefs arund the wrld，” said lead authr, Tim Grdn.
語篇解讀：由于海水溫度的升高，深海珊瑚的生態(tài)遭到破壞?？茖W(xué)家通過實驗研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在珊瑚礁旁邊放置揚聲器以吸引海洋生物對于恢復(fù)珊瑚的生態(tài)卓有成效。
1．What causes the phenmenn f cral bleaching?
A．Diverse species.
B．Nise pllutin.
C．Fishing industry.
D．Climbing temperatures.
解析：選D 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句可知，是氣候變化所引起的海水溫度的上升導(dǎo)致了這種白化現(xiàn)象。
2．What apprach is intrduced t recver the cral reefs?
A．Remving damaged cral reefs.
B．Using ludspeakers t keep fish away.
C．Building new hmes fr sea species.
D．Playing certain sunds t attract fish.
解析：選D 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，為恢復(fù)珊瑚生態(tài)，科學(xué)家在遭破壞的珊瑚附近放置揚聲器，以吸引魚類。即通過播放聲音來吸引魚類。
3．Why are Steve Simpsn's wrds quted?
A．T prvide sme findings f the study.
B．T shw the prgress f the experiment.
C．T explain reasns fr the new apprach.
D．T give anther slutin t the prblem.
解析：選C 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)前兩段內(nèi)容可知，魚兒會離開不健康的、遭到破壞的珊瑚。為了吸引魚類，科學(xué)家們在這些珊瑚附近放置揚聲器。再結(jié)合第三段第一句可知，健康的珊瑚礁是非常熱鬧的地方，各種海洋生物很多。由此可推知，此處引用這位教授的話是為了解釋在受損珊瑚礁旁邊放置揚聲器這一新方法的原因。
4．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A．The attempts are in vain.
B．Natural recvery is impssible.
C．Initial success has been achieved.
D．The cral reefs have returned t nrmal.
解析： 選C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句可知，通過用揚聲器復(fù)制一些聲音，部分死亡的珊瑚礁吸引了更多的魚類，由此可推知，珊瑚生態(tài)保護已經(jīng)初見成效。
B
It seems we can't get ff the planet fast enugh.Tw thirds f NASA's mney is spent n manned space explratin, and that number will grw with the cuntry's decisin t send a man t Mars in 2037.We've seen all there is t see n Earth, right? Wrng.The final place is here, under the surface f the sea.
Heading dwn int the cean, human limits are quickly reached.At 200 metres, the water is as black as a mnless night.Mst nuclear submarines (核潛艇) wuld implde (內(nèi)爆) befre they reach 1 km dwn.At 3 km—still less than the average depth f the cean—there's a gd chance that yu'll discver a new species.The deepest-diving whales g n further.At the very bttm, abut 11 km dwn, lies the Challenger Deep, the deepest part f the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean.Eighteen humans have walked n the Mn, but nly three have seen the Deep with their wn eyes.
Yet things live dwn there.Big things.A very lud sund was nce heard and scientists suggested that it was prduced by an animal bigger than a blue whale, the largest creature knwn n the planet.
In the late 1990s, a deep-water submarine was drpped in the Suthern Ocean, and passing 4,000 metres, it discvered smething huge passing under it.Surprised? Dn't be.The cean cvers 70% f the planet's surface and we've studied less than 5% f it.We knw mre abut the dark side f the Mn than abut the bttm f the sea.
One reasn that we explre space is t find evidence f ther life frms.The search fr life utside f Earth is imprtant, but rbts can lk under the dry rcks f Mars better than humans.They're abslutely imprtant fr ding cean research t, but they can't lk under the sea.The cst f explratin is rising, but the results wuld benefit all ur lives.Understanding the ceans will help us find new surces f fd, drugs and energy.
Perhaps nw it's time t begin a new perid f sea explratin.Manned explratin f space is science fictin (科幻小說)．The adventure f the deep sea is science fact.
eq \x(語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。作者在文中討論了進行海洋探索的重大意義。)
5．What d the examples in Paragraph 2 suggest?
A．Sea explratin is n easy task.
B．Nuclear submarines need t be imprved.
C．The cean is far deeper than peple expected.
D．The cnditin under the sea is similar t that n the Mn.
解析：選A 推理判斷題。第二段列舉各個深度海洋的情況是為了說明海洋探索不是一件容易的事。
6．What d we knw abut the Challenger Deep?
A．Blue whales live there.
B．N ne has ever been there.
C．Peple are terrified by the sight f it.
D．It is the deepest knwn lcatin n Earth.
解析：選D 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“the Challenger Deep, the deepest part f the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean”可知，挑戰(zhàn)號深淵是地球上目前已知的最深的海底。
7．What des the authr think f the discvery in the Suthern Ocean?
A．It's surprising. B．It's n wnder.
C．It's wrrying. D．It's n success.
解析：選B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Surprised? Dn't be bttm f the sea.”可推測，作者認為南冰洋中可能存在比藍鯨更大生物的發(fā)現(xiàn)不足為奇。
8．What des the authr want t tell us?
A．Space explratin is f little value.
B．We spend t much mney n space travel.
C．Humans' success lies in hw much they explre the sea.
D．The cean is the place where we shuld make ur effrts.
解析：選D 主旨大意題。作者在文章第一段就點明自己的觀點：The final place is here, under the surface f the sea，并在接下來的段落中具體論述海洋探索的重大意義。由此可知，D項概括了文章主旨。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
By the end f the 15th century many things were changing in Eurpe.The ppulatin started t grw mre quickly and a new class f merchants came up.They wanted t buy and sell expensive and valuable prducts frm Asia, like gld, jewels and silk.In thse days, peple had n refrigeratrs t preserve their fd.__9__ T make fd taste better they used spices, like pepper.
__10__ But in the 15th century the verland passageways were being cntrlled by the Turkish Empire, which made it even mre difficult fr Eurpean merchants t pass thrugh.As a result, sme Eurpean cuntries, like Spain and Prtugal, decided t find ut if there was a sea passageway t India.
At the end f the 15th century the Prtuguese started t explre the west cast f Africa.__11__ In 1487, the Prtuguese explrer Barthlmeu Dias sailed arund the suthern part f the cntinent and gt as far as the east cast f Africa, but a strm made him turn back.__12__ The Prtuguese named it the Cape f Gd Hpe because they were hpeful f finding a passageway t India.In 1497, Vasc Da Gama set ut frm Lisbn, sailed arund the Cape f Gd Hpe and int the Indian Ocean.__13__ He tk sme spices and gld back with him t prve that he had reached India.
A．He reached the west cast f India the next year.
B．They dried meat and used salt t make it last lnger.
C．They set up trading psts and cllected gld and silver.
D．On his return vyage, he saw a piece f land stretching ut int the sea.
E．Fr centuries Eurpeans brught these gds n a land passageway frm Asia.
F．They were cnvinced that by sailing arund it they wuld find a passageway t India.
G．With the help f advanced ships and instruments，they started the Age f Explratin.
eq \x(語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了歐洲人為了開辟到亞洲的海上通道而進行的海上航行。)
9．選B 空格前一句談到了在過去，人們沒有冰箱儲存食物，因此，本句承接上一句的內(nèi)容，為了讓食物(肉)保存久一點，人們就將肉風(fēng)干或用鹽將肉腌制起來，故選B。
10．選E 第一段談到了歐洲人需要商品如黃金、珠寶、絲綢以及香料，商人就從亞洲通過陸路運到歐洲，空格后一句有but轉(zhuǎn)折，談到陸路逐漸被土耳其帝國控制，導(dǎo)致走陸路非常困難了。因此，空格處起承上啟下的作用，E符合語境。
11．選F 本段第一句談到在15世紀末，葡萄牙人開始探索非洲西海岸。設(shè)空處解釋他們?yōu)槭裁匆剿鬟@條海上航線，因為他們相信通過這條線，他們能夠找到到達印度的海上通道。
12．選D 空格前一句談到Barthlmeu Dias 已經(jīng)航行到了非洲東海岸，但是他們遇到了海上風(fēng)暴，本句承接上文，在他們回航的時候，他們看見了一塊突出在海上的陸地。D項中的return與空格前一句的“made him turn back”相呼應(yīng)，因此選D。
13．選A 空格前一句談到在1497年，航海家Vasc Da Gama繞過好望角到達了印度洋，故A項能承接上文。A項中的“the next year”與空格前一句的“in 1497”存在先后關(guān)系，也暗示了答案。
Ⅲ.完形填空
eq \a\vs4\al(?2024·成都模擬?)“I have n idea what t get yu this New Year，” my husband Larry said.I __14__ with a knwing smile as the same __15__ t me in finding him smething.__16__ we liked remembering each ther with gifts n hlidays, we had reached the __17__ in lives where we didn't need mre things.Actually, we were __18__， clearing ut and getting rid f unneeded stuff.
Then an nline article abut schls having t turn away sme children frm receiving __19__ fr they had n mney t pay attracted me.“Let's each give mney t the schl fr ur presents，” I said, __20__ the article with Larry.“Great idea.It's als a __21__ t pay it frward，” Larry smiled.
When ur children were small, Larry and I were __22__， lsing surces f incme.During the hard time, we __23__ t pay any bill.It wasn't easy fr us t ask fr help, as we'd been brught up n principles f __24__.Smene then ffered a hand.
I visited ur lcal elementary schl, and explained we'd like t help children wh culdn't __25__ their lunches.The lady taking charge lked first __26__ and then pleased.She accepted ur gift f cash with thanks.“This will make a big __27__ t s many children，” she said.
__28__ there weren't as many presents in ur rm, but it was ne f ur best New Years.
語篇解讀：新年臨近，作者和丈夫商量，不再為對方買節(jié)日禮物，而是把這筆錢拿來資助當?shù)匦W(xué)的貧困學(xué)子，讓他們能在學(xué)校吃上午餐。
14．A.interrupted B．cmplained
C．left D．respnded
解析：選D 根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示作者用一個會意的微笑回應(yīng)丈夫Larry, respnd “作出反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)”。
15．A.related B．returned
C．a(chǎn)pplied D．a(chǎn)ppealed
解析：選C 根據(jù)下文可知，作者和丈夫兩人都為選禮物發(fā)愁。此處表示作者自己也遇到了同樣的問題，即不知道新年該給丈夫買什么禮物。apply表示“(對……)適用，(對……)有效”，the same applies t ...表示“……也是一樣”。
16．A.Because B．While
C．If D．Unless
解析：選B 根據(jù)語境可知，盡管作者和丈夫喜歡在節(jié)日時送對方禮物，但他們已經(jīng)到了不需要更多東西的階段。前后分句之間是讓步關(guān)系，故用While “雖然，盡管”。
17．A.stage B．balance
C．a(chǎn)greement D．edge
解析：選A 參見上題解析。stage “時期，階段”。
18．A.passing dwn B．handing ut
C．cutting back D．laying ff
解析：選C 根據(jù)上文的“where we didn't need mre things”和下文的“clearing ut and getting rid f unneeded stuff”可知，作者他們在減少東西。
19．A.supprt B．educatin
C．bks D．meals
解析：選D 根據(jù)下文的“wh culdn't ________ their lunches”可知，一些孩子因為支付不起而吃不上學(xué)校的午飯(meals)。
20．A.analyzing B．praising
C．sharing D．cmmenting
解析：選C 結(jié)合語境可知，作者在跟丈夫說話時把自己看到的文章分享(sharing)給了他。
21．A.reminder B．chance
C．prmise D．reasn
解析：選B 根據(jù)下文的“It wasn't easy fr us t ask fr help then ffered a hand”可知，幾年前，作者一家曾得到了別人的幫助，所以Larry認為這也是一個傳遞愛的機會(chance)。
22．A.unemplyed B．discnnected
C．sick D．a(chǎn)lne
解析：選A 根據(jù)下文的“l(fā)sing surces f incme”可知，作者和Larry在他們的孩子還小的時候失業(yè)了，失去了經(jīng)濟來源。
23．A.managed B．intended
C．refused D．failed
解析：選D 根據(jù)上文的“l(fā)sing surces f incme”和下文的“Smene then ffered a hand”可知，作者他們無法支付任何賬單。fail “未能(做到)”。
24．A.independence B．genersity
C．respnsibility D．insistence
解析：選A 根據(jù)上文的“It wasn't easy fr us t ask fr help, as we'd been brught up n principles”可知，作者和丈夫從小都被教導(dǎo)要恪守獨立自主的生活準則，因此對他們來說向人求助不是一件容易的事。independence “自主，自立”。
25．A.ck B．prvide C．reserve D．a(chǎn)ffrd
解析：選D 根據(jù)上文的“fr they had n mney t pay”可知，作者想要幫助支付 (affrd) 不起學(xué)校午餐的孩子。
26．A.tuched B．surprised C．excited D．a(chǎn)ffrd
解析：選B 結(jié)合語境可知，負責(zé)人一開始很驚訝(surprised)，然后很高興。
27．A.decisin B．pririty C．difference D．push
解析：選C 作者的捐贈會給很多孩子帶來巨大影響。make a difference表示“起作用；有影響”。
28．A.Prbably B．Obviusly
C．Generally D．Hpefully
解析：選B 作者和丈夫為對方準備的新年禮物是幫助貧困孩子，所以他們房間里的禮物顯然沒有之前多了，但這是他們最好的新年之一。bviusly “顯然，明顯地”。
Ⅳ.語法填空
eq \a\vs4\al(?2024·珠海模擬?)China's Wukng, a __1__ (full) autnmus submersible(潛水器)that was develped by Harbin Engineering University, has reached a maximum underwater depth f 7,709 metres, __2__ (set) a new diving recrd fr dmestic autnmus underwater vehicles.
Wukng returned t its hme prt f Qingda, Shandng Prvince n Thursday after cmpleting __3__ third phase f its deep-sea trial.
During this year's deep-sea scientific expeditin (探險) in the Western Pacific Ocean __4__ (rganise) by the Natinal Deep Sea Centre f China frm February 24 t April 1, Wukng had successfully reached a maximum deep-sea diving depth recrd f 7,709 metres, __5__ brke its previus recrd f 5,213 metres.
Capable __6__ full-cean depth, it dived 5,000 metres and 7,000 metres respectively during the sea trials and retrieved (回收) water samples, laying a slid __7__ (fund) fr 11,000-metre submersible tests.This is the secnd __8__ (deep)recrd in the wrld after the ne set by the Russian Vityaz-DAUV.
Wukng, 2 metres lng, 1 metre wide and 1.3 tns in weight, cmpleted tw sea trials at a 1,500-metre depth in 2019.
Autnmus underwater vehicles __9__ (see) as ne f the key emerging technlgies in future naval warfare.But s far the cmplexity f this slutin __10__ (mean) that n cuntry in the wrld has fielded them peratinally.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述中國哈爾濱工程大學(xué)研制“悟空”號全自動潛水器創(chuàng)下了國內(nèi)自主潛水器的潛水新紀錄。
1．fully 考查副詞。修飾形容詞autnmus要用副詞fully。
2．setting 考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子謂語為has reached，和空處動詞無連詞連接，所以空處為非謂語動詞，且set和其邏輯主語China's Wukng之間為主動關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。
3．the 考查冠詞。修飾序數(shù)詞third要用定冠詞the。
4．rganised 考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子謂語為had reached，和空處動詞無連詞連接，所以空處為非謂語動詞，且rganise和其邏輯主語expeditin之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作后置定語。
5．which 考查定語從句。 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞recrd f 7,709 meters，且引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，所以用which引導(dǎo)。
6．f 考查介詞。表示“能夠做某事”為be capable f，所以空處用介詞f。
7．fundatin 考查名詞。 分析可知，此處形容詞slid修飾名詞，表示“基礎(chǔ)”為fundatin，且前面有冠詞a修飾，應(yīng)用單數(shù)。
8．deepest 考查形容詞最高級。這是繼俄羅斯Vityaz-DAUV之后的世界第二深的記錄。 所以secnd 后跟deep的最高級形式。
9．a(chǎn)re seen 考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。分析可知，句子表達的是現(xiàn)在的情況，且主語Autnmus underwater vehicles和謂語動詞see之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語也要用復(fù)數(shù)。
10．has meant 考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。分析可知，mean這一動作從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，有可能持續(xù)下去，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時，表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，the cmplexity為主語，故謂語用單數(shù)形式。
Ⅴ.應(yīng)用文寫作
假定你是紅星中學(xué)的高一學(xué)生李華，你剛剛做了一個關(guān)于“保護海洋”的科學(xué)課題，請給英國朋友Jim寫信向他介紹相關(guān)內(nèi)容：
1．目前海洋面臨的問題；
2．問題出現(xiàn)的原因；
3．解決措施。
注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；
2．可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。



參考范文：
Dear Jim，
Hw is everything ging there?
Recently, I just have finished my science subject which is abut Ocean Cnservancy.It is said that ur ceans are facing unprecedented pllutin.Abundant marine resurces are being depleted, and artificial waste kills cuntless cean lives every year.
There are tw main reasns fr these prblems.First f all, the discharge f untreated industrial waste water frm castal industries is the main cause f serius pllutin f castal marine water quality.Secnd, verfishing in the fishing industry destrys the cean life chain.Therefre, I think the gvernment shuld strengthen the supervisin f the castal enterprises and set up the clsed seasn t ensure the fish breeding.
Yurs，
Li Hua

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新課標高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)選擇性必修第四冊UNIT5單元主題練習(xí)含答案：

這是一份新課標高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)選擇性必修第四冊UNIT5單元主題練習(xí)含答案，共9頁。試卷主要包含了__8__，A.dubt B，A.cllecting B，A.failure B，A.email B等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。

新課標高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)選擇性必修第四冊UNIT4單元主題練習(xí)含答案：

這是一份新課標高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)選擇性必修第四冊UNIT4單元主題練習(xí)含答案，共7頁。試卷主要包含了A.appeared B等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。

新課標高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)選擇性必修第四冊UNIT2單元主題練習(xí)含答案：

這是一份新課標高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)選擇性必修第四冊UNIT2單元主題練習(xí)含答案，共6頁。試卷主要包含了A.crying B等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。

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新課標高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)選擇性必修第四冊UNIT1單元主題練習(xí)含答案
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新課標高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)選擇性必修第一冊UNIT3單元主題練習(xí)含答案
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