Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2024·德陽二模)After being attacked by Hurricane Ida's 150 mph winds and trrential rains, hundreds f thusands f Gulf Cast residents were left withut pwer and fresh water this week as a 100-degree heat wave settled ver the regin.Ida smashed int Luisiana as a Categry 4 hurricane, ripping ff rfs, kncking ut transmissin lines, flding rads, and reducing sme brick buildings in dwntwn New Orleans t rubble.At least eight peple died in the strm and the_tll is expected t rise as emergency wrkers search wrecked hmes and businesses.
One f the mst pwerful hurricanes t ever hit the US mainland, Ida brught a 5 t 12-ft strm surge that cvered lw-lying cmmunities in sutheastern Luisiana.Grand Isle is nw “uninhabitable”， said Parish President Cynthia Lee Sheng, with 3 feet f sand cvering the entire barrier island and 40 percent f the buildings cmpletely destryed.
The strm caused a citywide blackut in New Orleans, but a Hurricane Katrina-level disaster was avided there, thanks in part t the D|S14.5 billin spent n new levees, seawalls, and pumps after the 2005 strm.Experts are warning that Ida culd wrsen the Cvid crisis in the Gulf Cast, as residents crwd tgether in hmes and emergency shelters withut immediate access t testing r medical care.ICUs in Luisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama hspitals were already near capacity befre the strm hit.Nearly 1 millin peple are still withut pwer acrss Luisiana, and authrities warned it culd be weeks befre electricity is restred.“If yu have already evacuated，” said Gv.Jhn Bel Edwards, “d nt return here.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了颶風艾達給墨西哥灣沿岸居民造成的破壞，以及人們?yōu)暮笾亟ǖ那闆r。
1．Which f the fllwing best describes Hurricane Ida?
A．Mild. B．Destructive.
C．Uncntrllable. D．Impressive.
解析：選B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Ida smashed int Luisiana as a Categry 4 hurricane ... as emergency wrkers search wrecked hmes and businesses.”可推知，颶風艾達極具破壞性。故選B。
2．What d the underlined wrds “the tll” mean in Paragraph 1?
A．The death number. B．The heat wave.
C．The wind speed. D．The citywide blackut.
解析：選A 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“At least eight peple died in the strm”以及后文“is expected t rise as emergency wrkers search wrecked hmes and businesses”可知，至少有8人在風暴中死亡，且隨著緊急救援人員搜索被毀的房屋和企業(yè)，預計死亡人數(shù)還會上升。畫線詞意思是“死亡人數(shù)”。故選A。
3．What is ne f the reasns fr Grand Isle t be uninhabitable?
A．The entire island is cvered with sand.
B．It is ne f the lw-lying cmmunities.
C．The residents there can't wait t leave.
D．Over half f its buildings were in ruins.
解析：選A 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Grand Isle is nw ‘uninhabitable，’ said Parish President Cynthia ... cmpletely destryed.”可知，這個地方不適合居住的原因之一是整個島被沙子覆蓋了。故選A。
4．What can be inferred abut the attitude f Gv.Jhn Bel Edwards twards the prspect f Luisiana?
A．Ambitius. B．Undubted.
C．Indifferent. D．Uncnfident.
解析：選D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“‘If yu have already evacuated，’ said Gv.Jhn Bel Edwards，‘d nt return here.’”可推知，Jhn Bel Edwards州長對路易斯安那州的前景持不自信的態(tài)度。故選D。
B
(2024·石家莊模擬)The mment the grund stps shaking after an earthquake, sme peple may wnder whether their pets—r wild animals fr that matter—knew the disaster was cming.
T get t the bttm f this questin, Heik With, a scientist at the German Research Centre fr Gesciences, and his clleagues evaluated mre than 700 published reprts f unusual behavir amng 130 species, including insects, birds, fish, cats, dgs and cattle frm 160 earthquakes.The recrds included all kinds f behavirs, including a tiger that reprtedly gt depressed befre an earthquake.
The researchers fund that 90 percent f all reprted cases happened within 62 miles f the epicenter (震中) and within 60 days f an earthquake.Then, they examined when and where freshcks had happened in the regin and cncluded that it was hard t say these animals culd predict the earthquake itself.They were just respnding t freshcks.
“The space-time pattern f animal precursrs (預兆) and freshcks is strikingly similar，” With said.“Frm this, we cncluded that the abnrmal animal behavir might simply be related t freshcks.These animals are just respnding t freshcks rather than predicting the earthquake.They dn't have super pwer.”
Despite the vast number f incidences, gd infrmatin was little and scientific evidence is lacking.“A majr surprise fr us was that the large majrity f the published claims were built n pr bservatinal data, which did nt stand as statistical scientific prf，” With said.
T better study whether animals can predict earthquakes, With and his clleagues suggested that researchers ask a number f yes-r-n questins in any upcming experiments, including “Is the experimental setup and mnitring prcedure clearly described and reprducible？” and “Is it prven that the animal behavir is really unusual？”
Meanwhile, humans are wrking n technlgies that can detect earthquakes secnds befre they hit.Hpefully, we will have such devices t warn peple that the earthquake is cming.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。盡管每次地震過后總有動物異常行為的報道，然而動物能夠預測地震這種結論缺乏科學依據(jù)。動物的異常行為只能說明對前震有所反應，并不能說明它們可以預測地震。
5．Hw did With cnduct the study?
A．By analyzing frmer reprts.
B．By bserving animals' behavir.
C．By cllecting data in the earthquake.
D．By cmparing animals' different respnses.
解析：選A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內容可知，With評估了很多動物異常行為的報告，從而去指導研究。故選A。
6．What is With's new finding?
A．Tigers becme depressed easily.
B．Certain animals have super pwer.
C．Sme animals can react t freshcks.
D．Animals in the same area act similarly.
解析：選C 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內容和第四段中“Frm ... the earthquake.They dn't have super pwer.”可知，并沒有足夠的證據(jù)說明動物能夠預測地震，但是它們會對前震有反應。故選C項。
7．What surprised the scientists in the study?
A．All reprted cases tk place in the same area.
B．There were t many reprts abut freshcks.
C．Sme animals act strangely befre earthquakes.
D．The previus reprts lack accurate data supprt.
解析：選D 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“A majr surprise ... scientific prf”可知，之前的觀點大多都是建立在觀察數(shù)據(jù)基礎之上的，不能作為科學證據(jù)。故選D項。
8．What is mainly talked abut in the passage?
A．Hw animals behave in earthquakes.
B．Whether animals can predict earthquakes.
C．What is the link between animals and earthquakes.
D．Why peple study animals' behavir in earthquakes.
解析：B 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段和最后一段內容可知，文章在討論動物是否具有預測地震的超能力。故選B項。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
A pwerful magnitude 7.1 temblr rcked Suthern Califrnia n July 5, 2019, just 34 hurs after a magnitude 6.4 earthquake hit the same area.This latest event was widely felt. __9__ Aftershcks are expected t cntinue.
Earthquakes are als called temblrs.__10__ It's hard t imagine they happen by the thusands every day arund the wrld, usually in the frm f small tremrs.Sme 80% f all the planet's earthquakes happen alng the rim (邊緣) f the Pacific Ocean.__11__ That is because f a lt f vlcanic activity there, as well.
Scientists give a magnitude rating t earthquakes based n the strength and duratin f their seismic (地震的) waves.A magnitude f 3 t 4.9 is cnsidered minr r light; 5 t 6.9 is mderate (中等的) t strng; 7 t 7.9 is majr; and 8 r mre is great.
__12__ Sme 10,000 peple die in earthquakes every year.Earthquakes may als lead t ther natural disasters.Smaller temblrs that usually happen in the days fllwing a large earthquake can cause further death and damage.__13__
A．It is called the “Ring f Fire”．
B．They can cause huge damage.
C．Prtect yurself as quickly as pssible.
D．In fact, a magnitude 8 quake strikes smewhere every year.
E．Lss f life can be avided thrugh planning and educatin.
F．One imprtant way is t try t make yur hme as safe as pssible.
G．It caused several fires and damage t buildings and rads in Ridgecrest and nearby.
語篇解讀：本文是說明文。文章以2019年發(fā)生在加利福尼亞州的地震為例介紹了地震的相關知識。
9．選G 上文中提到加利福尼亞州發(fā)生了7.1級地震，G項指出了此次地震所造成的結果，其中的It指代上文中的“A pwerful magnitude 7.1 temblr”。
10．選B B項中的They指代上文中的Earthquakes，B項中的“cause huge damage”與下文中的“It's hard t imagine they happen”語義上形成連貫，指出地震的危害。
11．選A 下文中的“a lt f vlcanic activity there”解釋了A項中“Ring f Fire”——環(huán)太平洋火山帶的含義。
12．選D D項承接上文中的“8 r mre is great”，與下文中的“Sme 10,000 peple die in earthquakes every year”之間是并列關系，指出了全球每年地震發(fā)生的概況。
13．選E 上句提到大地震之后發(fā)生的震級較小的地震會造成進一步的死亡與損失。E項指出了避免造成這一損失的方法與措施。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Every family shuld have an emergency kit in their hme.If there is an earthquake r a hurricane, fr example, there culd be a __14__ cut, r the water culd get plluted.Yu might be __15__ at yur hme fr several days because f a strm r a fld.Having an emergency kit __16__ culd help if anything like this __17__.
Yur emergency kit might include the fllwing __18__：
The first aid kit shuld include alchl, cttn wl, bandages, painkillers, clean bttled water and burn intment.
It is __19__ t keep nn-perishable (不易腐壞的) fd supplies.In ther wrds, fd that wn't spil (變質) ut f the fridge，such as canned fd.There shuld be __20__ fd fr three days.It is better if the fd des nt have t be cked.Dn't __21__ the can pener!
It's a gd __22__ fr each family member t have a __23__ change f clthes, including waterprf shes and a raincat, as well as sme warm blankets in case yu have t __24__ utdrs, just as if yu were camping!
Other things yu can __25__ the kit are: flashlight and spare batteries, paper and pencils, mbile radi, matches and candles.Dn't frget these things need t be checked regularly t be sure that they __26__ well.Check the expiry (期滿) __27__ n any canned fd.Yu can als put in a backpack sme f the things that are __28__ t yu, such as a ty r smething else that yu care abut.
語篇解讀：本文是說明文。文章介紹了準備應急包的重要性以及應急包里應該放置哪些東西。
14．A.paper B．price C．knife D．pwer
解析：選D 設空處與下文中的“the water culd get plluted”應該是發(fā)生地震或者颶風之后可能會出現(xiàn)的結果。只有a pwer cut(斷電)符合語境。
15．A.relaxed B．alne C．stuck D．free
解析：選C 由下文中的“at yur hme”可知，你受災不得不困在家里好幾天。stuck(被困)符合語境，說明是一種無奈之舉。
16．A.clean B．prepared
C．pen D．paid
解析：選B 由本段的中心句“Every family shuld have an emergency kit in their hme.”以及上文列舉的情況可知，這里是說當上述災難“發(fā)生(happens)”時，“準備(prepared)”好應急包的必要性。
17．A.happens B．changes
C．stps D．chses
解析：選A 參見上題解析。
18．A.plans B．tips
C．disasters D．supplies
解析：選D 下文提到的急救藥箱、不容易腐壞的食物和備用衣服都是應急包里應該有的東西。故supplies(補給品)符合語境。
19．A.unspeakable B．reusable
C．advisable D．admirable
解析：選C 由上文中的“Yur emergency kit might include”可知，不易腐壞的食物是作者認為需要放在應急包里的東西。故advisable(明智的)符合語境。
20．A.sme B．enugh C．ht D．delicius
解析：選B 根據(jù)常識可知，這里應該指準備好夠三天的食物，以備不時之需。
21．A.frget B．bring C．try D．buy
解析：選A 由上文中的“canned fd”及常識可知，準備罐頭食品，自然也要準備開罐器。故這里表示不要忘記準備開罐器。
22．A.dream B．excuse C．idea D．chance
解析：選C 為每個家庭成員準備好這些東西是個不錯的主意。
23．A.sudden B．daily
C．spare D．real
解析：選C 根據(jù)常識可知，應急包放置的衣服應該是為家人準備好可替換的衣服。故選spare，表示“備用的”。
24．A.sleep B．tur C．run D．ck
解析：選A 由下文中的“as if yu were camping”可知，就像野營時一樣，毯子的作用是保暖，以在戶外休息時御寒。
25．A.take in B．get in C．turn in D．put in
解析：選D 由上文中的“Yur emergency kit might include”可知，這里指應急包里還應該放置的其他東西。put in ...意為“把……放到……里”。
26．A.play B．wrk C．deliver D．knw
解析：選B 定期檢查應急包里所含物品的目的是要確保這些應急的物品能用。wrk表示“奏效，起作用”。
27．A.date B．ntice
C．law D．value
解析：選A 根據(jù)常識可知，食物是有保質期的。因此這里指罐裝食物包裝盒上的有效期。
28．A.bring B．imprtant
C．new D．acceptable
解析：選B 根據(jù)常識及下文中的“such as a ty r smething else that yu care abut”可知，放入應急包里的東西應是對你重要的。
Ⅳ.語法填空
Natural phenmena (現(xiàn)象) can smetimes strike very hard and cause disasters if effective measures have nt been taken r if sme human __1__ (activity) have harmed the natural envirnment.
Fr example, t much water that the sil __2__ (be) unable t take in can cause flds, while t little water in sme areas can lead t drught.But peple can make situatins __3__ (bad), fr example, when trees are cut dwn and n new nes __4__ (plant)．This makes the sil very dry, which can create cnditins __5__ (high) suitable fr sil being blwn away.What's mre, when rain cmes, there might nt be enugh rts and plant cver __6__ (make) the sil stick tgether, and a landslide can take place.
Mst wildfires are caused directly r indirectly __7__ peple.Farmers, fr example, smetimes burn __8__ (they) fields t deal with wild plants befre planting, and the fire can get ut f cntrl.Smetimes peple are careless when smking r frget t put ut campfires when they g camping.A little spark is smetimes all it takes t start __9__ fire.
If we destry parts f nature such as frests and muntain plants, we are destrying the natural barriers __10__ prtect us frm tsunamis, drughts, landslides, flds and ther disasters.
eq \x(語篇解讀：本文是說明文。文章介紹了人類與自然災害之間的關系。)
1．activities 考查名詞復數(shù)。根據(jù)其后的謂語動詞have及語境可知，這里指“一些人類活動”，表示泛指，故填復數(shù)形式。
2．is 考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。從句描述的是客觀事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時；且其主語是sil，故填is。
3．wrse 考查形容詞比較級。situatins指代上文的“水量過多或過少會引起洪災或旱災”，根據(jù)But和語境可知，此處表達的是比較意義，指人類會讓這種情況變得更糟。
4．are planted 考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。本句描述的是客觀事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時；nes指代trees，謂語動詞用復數(shù)；又因nes與動詞plant之間是被動關系，故填are planted。
5．highly 考查副詞?？仗幾鳡钫Z，修飾形容詞suitable，故填副詞形式。
6．t make 考查非謂語動詞?？仗幾鞫ㄕZ，說明enugh rts and plant cver的作用，故填t make。
7．by 考查介詞。根據(jù)語境可知，大多數(shù)野火都是由人類直接或間接引起的。
8．their 考查代詞。空處作定語，修飾名詞fields，表示“他們的”，用形容詞性物主代詞。
9．a 考查冠詞。這里指引起一場火災，是泛指，又因fire的讀音以輔音音素開頭，故填不定冠詞a。
10．that/which 考查定語從句?？仗幰龑拗菩远ㄕZ從句，指代natural barriers，且在從句中作主語，故填that或which。
Ⅴ.應用文寫作
假定你是李華，是某國際學校的學生。你校將進行地震應急演練(drill)，需要設計一張英文版的宣傳海報(pster)，請寫封郵件給你的英國朋友Olivia，請她幫忙設計。內容包括：
1．請求幫忙的原因；2.需要的幫助；3.表示感謝。
注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；
2．可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。



參考范文：
Dear Olivia，
I need t design a pster fr an earthquake drill t be held at ur schl next Friday.I wnder if yu wuld have time t help me with the design.
I knw yu are gd at cmputer drawing.Wuld yu please design sme pictures fr me？I'm als having difficulty writing the drill-related wrds fr the pster, s I wuld be thankful if yu culd crrect my versin.
Thank yu very much fr any help yu can prvide.I'm lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs，
Li Hua

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