語(yǔ)法專題03 介詞【考點(diǎn)精講精練】-最新中考語(yǔ)法一點(diǎn)通講義-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

中考總復(fù)習(xí)一般分為三輪：
1、第一輪復(fù)習(xí)為基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的單元、章節(jié)復(fù)習(xí)。
通過(guò)第一輪的復(fù)習(xí)，使學(xué)生系統(tǒng)掌握基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)、基本技能和方法，形成明晰的知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和穩(wěn)定的知識(shí)框架。我們從雙基入手，緊扣中考知識(shí)點(diǎn)來(lái)組織單元過(guò)關(guān)。
2、第二輪復(fù)習(xí)打破章節(jié)界限實(shí)行大單元、小綜合、專題式復(fù)習(xí)。
第二輪復(fù)習(xí)絕不是第一輪復(fù)習(xí)的壓縮文檔，而是一個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)綜合、鞏固、完善、提高的過(guò)程。復(fù)習(xí)的主要任務(wù)及目標(biāo)是：完成各部分知識(shí)的條理，歸納，糅合，使各部分知識(shí)成為一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體，力求實(shí)現(xiàn)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)重點(diǎn)化，重點(diǎn)知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)化，網(wǎng)絡(luò)知識(shí)題型化，題型設(shè)計(jì)生活化。
3、第三輪復(fù)習(xí)是知識(shí)、能力深化鞏固的階段。
復(fù)習(xí)資料的組織以中考題及模擬題為主，回扣教材，查缺補(bǔ)漏，進(jìn)行強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練。同時(shí)，要教給學(xué)生一些必備的應(yīng)試技巧和方法，使學(xué)生有足夠的自信從容地面對(duì)中考。
語(yǔ)法專題三、介詞（?？迹?br>考點(diǎn)精講
考點(diǎn)1 時(shí)間介詞
in， after， later表示時(shí)間的區(qū)別
in ＋時(shí)間段，用于將來(lái)時(shí)，表示“過(guò)……后”。He will cme back in an hur.
after＋一段時(shí)間，用于過(guò)去時(shí)，表示“在……以后”。After an hur， he came back.
after＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)，用于將來(lái)時(shí)，表示“在……以后”。 He will cme back after 5 'clck.
時(shí)間段＋ later，常用于過(guò)去時(shí)，表示“在……之后”。 An hur later， he came back.
in， n， at表示時(shí)間的區(qū)別
in 主要表達(dá)年、月、季節(jié)、年代、世紀(jì)；泛指上午、下午、晚上。
in spring在春天 in February在二月 in the 21st century在21世紀(jì)
We have fur lessns in the mrning. 我們上午有四節(jié)課。
n 主要表示星期、日期或具體的某一天；特指具體某一天的上午、下午、晚上用n。
n Mnday在星期一 n May 1st 在五月一號(hào) n Labr Day在勞動(dòng)節(jié)
We have tw lessns n Friday afternn. 我們周五下午有兩節(jié)課。
at 表示某一時(shí)刻，用于具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)前，或正午和午夜前。
at 7:00在七點(diǎn) at nn 在正午 at night在晚上/在午夜
We start classes at eight ’clck every mrning. （注意every, this, last, next前不加介詞）
我們每天早上八點(diǎn)上課。
(2021·北京市·歷年真題)Space Day f China falls ______ April 24th every year.
A. nB. byC. atD. in
fr， since 表示時(shí)間的區(qū)別（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞）
fr ＋時(shí)間段
I have lived here fr 10 years. 我已經(jīng)住在這里十年了。
since ＋時(shí)間點(diǎn) /ag短語(yǔ)/一般過(guò)去時(shí)的從句
I have lived here since 2013.自從2013年我就住在這里。
I have lived here since 10 years ag. 自從十年前我就住在這里。
I have lived here since I mved here in 2013. 自從2013年我搬過(guò)來(lái)就住在這里。
after，befre表示時(shí)間的區(qū)別
after“在……之后”，接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，與將來(lái)時(shí)連用；接時(shí)間段，與過(guò)去時(shí)連用。
He will cme back after 5 'clck. 他五點(diǎn)之后會(huì)回來(lái)。
After an hur， he came back. 一小時(shí)以后，他回來(lái)了。
befre “在……之前”，只接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，而不能接一段時(shí)間，可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)。
Please turn ff the lights befre ten ’clck.請(qǐng)十點(diǎn)前關(guān)燈。
I will cme back befre five ’clck .我會(huì)在五點(diǎn)之前回來(lái)。
其他時(shí)間介詞
during “在……期間”，與表示特定一段時(shí)間的名詞短語(yǔ)連用。
The clrs f the rck can change during different perids in the day.
在一天的不同時(shí)段內(nèi)，巖石的顏色會(huì)變化。
until/till “直到”，在肯定句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；在否定句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，意為“直到……才……”
I waited until it gt dark. 我一直等到天黑了。
I didn’t g t bed until my parents came back last night.
昨晚我一直等到我父母回來(lái)才睡覺(jué)。
考點(diǎn)2 方位介詞
thrugh, acrss表示 “穿過(guò)”時(shí)的區(qū)別
thrugh 介詞，縱穿(從空間穿過(guò))。 The sldiers went thrugh the frest.
acrss 介詞，橫穿(橫過(guò)某個(gè)平面)。 He is walking acrss the street.
【拓展】crss 動(dòng)詞，橫穿(橫過(guò)某個(gè)平面)。＝ He is crssing the street.

(2022·云南省·單元測(cè)試)—Lk, there is a cute bird, Mm.
—It flew int ur kitchen ______ the windw just nw, Alex.
A. acrssB. thrughC. abveD. under
amng， between “在……之間”的區(qū)別
amng 在(三者或三者以上)之間；
Daming is the tallest amng the bys. 大明是男生里最高的。
between 在(兩者)之間。常用詞組： between…and…
She sat between Lily and Lucy. 她坐在了莉莉和露西的中間。
③ in， n， t 表方位關(guān)系時(shí)的區(qū)別
in 表示在范圍之內(nèi)(屬于該范圍)；n 表示與某一地區(qū)接壤； t/ff 表示隔海相望。
Guangdng is in the suth f China. (廣東屬于中國(guó))
Guangdng is n the suth f Hunan. (廣東不屬于湖南，但與湖南是毗鄰關(guān)系)
Japan is t the east f China. (日本不屬于中國(guó)，而且隔海相望)
④ 表方位的介詞 n， in， behind， after之間的區(qū)別
n 表示在某人、某物的左邊或右邊
Jim sits n my right and Tm sit n my left. 吉姆坐在我右邊，湯姆坐在我左邊。
in 用來(lái)表示在第幾排；
I sit in Rw 5. 我坐在第五排。
behind 用來(lái)表示“在……后面”；
Li Lei sits behind me.李雷坐在我后面。
after “在……之后/后面”，表方位時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)順序
Bys walk after girls. 男生走在女生后面。
考點(diǎn)3：其他介詞的用法
except “除去”，表示不包括后面所提到的人或物在內(nèi)的。
Nbdy was late except me. 除了我，沒(méi)有人遲到。
（沒(méi)遲到的同學(xué)中不包括我，即只有我遲到了）
besides “除……以外還有”，表示包括后面所提到的人或物在內(nèi)的。
Tny was als late besides me. 除了我，Tny也遲到了。
（遲到的同學(xué)中包括我，我和Tny都遲到了）
beside “在……旁邊”
Cme and sit beside me. 過(guò)來(lái)坐在我旁邊。
(2019·河北省邯鄲市·月考試卷)All the wrkers went hme yesterday ______ Mr. Wang. Because he was n duty.
A. exceptB. besidesC. except frD. beside
表示方式時(shí)with, in, by的區(qū)別
with 介詞，表示“用(工具)”。
We walk with ur feet.我們用腳走路。
in 介詞，表示“用(材料、語(yǔ)言、聲音)”。
Can yu say it in English？你可以用英語(yǔ)說(shuō)它嗎？
by 介詞，表示“以……方式、方法、手段”，或表交通工具。
I g t schl by bike. 我騎自行車上學(xué)。
frm 和介詞t
frm “來(lái)自”；“根據(jù)，從……來(lái)看”；“從……時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)”
t “到，往，去”；“到……時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)”
frm…t…“從……到……”，表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)
We g t schl frm Mnday t Friday. 從周一到周五我們上學(xué)。
Please get n the train frm Beijing t Shanghai.請(qǐng)上從北京到上海的火車。
考點(diǎn)4 介詞短語(yǔ)
【辨析】
n the wall 緊貼在墻表面上的，“在墻上”。in the wall 鑲嵌在墻里的，“在墻上”。
There is a map f China n the wall. 墻上有張中國(guó)地圖。（地圖是貼上去的）
There is a big hle in the wall. 墻上有個(gè)大洞。（洞是墻本身里的）
n the tree 長(zhǎng)在樹上的果、葉等， “在樹上”。 in the tree 外來(lái)的東西， “在樹上”。
There are many apples n the tree.樹上有很多蘋果。（蘋果長(zhǎng)在樹上用n）
There are many birds in the tree.樹上有很多鳥。（鳥外來(lái)的在樹上用in）
with的意思是“有”，表示伴隨； withut的意思是“沒(méi)有”。
I live in a big huse with a garden. 我住在帶有花園的一座大房子里。
I live in a small flat withut a TV. 我住在一個(gè)沒(méi)有電視的小公寓里。
④ in frnt f 在……的前面 (物體外面的前面)。
in the frnt f 在…的前部 (物體里面的前面) 。
There is a tree in frnt f the classrm. 教室前有棵樹。（樹在教室外面）
There is a blackbard in the frnt f the classrm.教室前有塊黑板。（黑板在教室里面）
考點(diǎn)5 介詞的語(yǔ)法功能
介詞作為虛詞，不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)句子成分，后面必須接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、短語(yǔ)，才能充當(dāng)句子成分。特別注意介詞后面不能接動(dòng)詞原形，必須變成動(dòng)名詞形式v-ing，這個(gè)考點(diǎn)在初中階段或中考中都很常見，通常和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一起考查。
Thank yu fr (tell) me abut the different festivals in the wrld.
I am lking frward t ______ (g) back t my hmetwn. （這里的t是介詞）
考點(diǎn)精練
中考語(yǔ)法—介詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)
（共計(jì)50小題，每小題2分，總分100分。）
Space Day f China falls ______ April 24th every year.
A. nB. byC. atD. in
Welcme t ur stre. We have skirts ______ all clrs ______￥16 each.
A. at; inB. in; frC. at; atD. in; in
We have a gegraphy lessn ______ three 'clck ______ Thursday afternn.
A. at; inB. in; inC. n; nD. at; n
Yu'd better nt hang ut after schl ______ telling yur parents. They may wrry abut yu.
A. byB. withC. withutD. after
Mre and mre yung peple g skating winter.
A. atB. inC. nD. t
Happy birthday, Peter! Here's a gift ??????? yu.
A. frB. inC. withD. frm
We planted sme flwers ______ the garden yesterday.
A. nB. tC. inD. f
—Lk, there is a cute bird, Mm.
—It flew int ur kitchen ______ the windw just nw, Alex.
A. acrssB. thrughC. abveD. under
—Excuse me，culd yu please tell me where the nearest restrm is？
—G ______ the hallway and turn left，it's acrss ______ the teachers' ffice.
A. alng；frm B. t；f C. dwn；t
Dn't use yur mbile phne when yu g _________the rad. It's dangerus.
A. thrughB. verC. intD. acrss
The children here imprve their English ______ listening and speaking every day.
A. nB. thrughC. withD. by
They went climbing the mrning f May 1 and came back the afternn.
A. n; nB. in; inC. n; inD. in; n
—Oh, my gd! I've left my keys in the rm. I'll have t get in ______ the windw．
—It's dangerus. Yu'd better wait fr yur mm t cme back.
A. pastB. verC. acrssD. thrugh
—Hw lng have yu lived in the new flat?
—________ 2010.
A. InB. AfterC. SinceD. Befre
M Yan’s bks are very ppular. Yu can find they are n sale many languages.
A. inB. tC. withD. at
With the teachers' help, I have realized I'm nt the center the wrld and learned t put myself in thers' shes.
A. fB. byC. upD. under
Lucy lived in Beijing frm 2008____________ 2012．
A. nB. tC. atD. f
It is great ______ us t get s many favurite bks n Internatinal Children's Bk Day.
A. tB. withC. OfD. fr
Our class are much sure t win the basketball game ______ Class Three.
A. fB. inC. againstD. frm
His pinins are similar _____ yurs but different_____ Julia's．
A. t； frmB. frm； tC. as； withD. with； as
It's very nice ______ pictures fr me.
A. f yu t drawB. fr yu t drawC. fr yu drawingD. f yu drawing
I want t learn a secnd freign language ______ English.
A. exceptB. besideC. besidesD. except fr
The high-speed train ______ Qingda and Beijing travels faster nw. The train ride takes nly abut three hurs.
A. frmB. amngC. inD. between
?Rbert Hunt smetimes advises the students ____ cmmn prblems.
A. inB. abutC. withD. fr
A recent study in Australia shws that parents are the tp five wrld's hardest jbs.
A. betweenB. amngC. frmD. abve
Culd yu please give me a hand? I can't cmplete the task n time yur help.
A. withutB. underC. withD. fr
Taiwan is part f China. It is ??????? the sutheast f ur cuntry.
A. tB. nC. inD. at
My mther gets up ________ five 'clck every mrning t ck breakfast fr me.
A. nB. atC. inD. fr
There is ging t be an English mvie in ur schl ______ the evening f June 30.
A. atB. inC. frD. n
—Have yu heard f the news abut Yuan Lngping?
—Yes. It's reprted that he passed away ______ the age f 91 yesterday.
A. at B. in C. n
N hurry. The bus will arrive _______ ten minutes.
A. atB. frC. inD. by
Maria is leaving fr France sn by air. She will arrive ???????Paris the mrning f August 8th.
A. at; inB. in; nC. in; inD. at; n
Lk! The yung girl is dressing up ______ an ld wman ______ a black cat.
A. as; inB. as; fC. in; asD. in; f
—Hw d yu usually g t wrk?
—I usually g t wrk _______ car, but smetimes _______ ft.
A. by; byB. n; nC. n; byD. by; n
All the wrkers went hme yesterday ______ Mr. Wang. Because he was n duty.
A. exceptB. besidesC. except frD. beside
Yur painting is nice _____ the dark clur.
A. exceptB. besidesC. except frD. but
It's wrng ______ yu ______ the disabled peple.?
A. fr; t laughB. f; t laugh
C. f; t laugh atD. fr; t laugh at
—I dn't think I can wrk_____ the math prblem．
—Think hard，and yu can cme up _____ the answer．
A. n； tB. ut； withC. at； withD. n； fr
—It’s very kind _____ yu t help me with my husewrk.
—Dn’t mentin it. I regard yu ____ my family member.
A. fr; fB. fr; asC. f; fD. f; as
The ld wman lked at me ______ surprise．
A. inB. tC. withD. by
______ my surprise, he didn't pass the exam.
A. TB. InC. ByD. At
Wang Ping is a gd student and she always gets t schl ________ time.
A. nB. inC. atD. f
Hurry up, if yu want t be ________ fr the beginning f the film．
A. all the timeB. in time
C. sme timeD. frm time t time
Sprts can help yu make friends. It’s a gd way t get alng _________ peple.
A. frB. withC. fD. in
Lily is upset nw. Let?s cheer her ___.
A. inB. utC. nD. up
?It will be quite cld tmrrw. The temperature (溫度) will drp a lt. It?ll fall ___________ zer.
A. belwB. verC. abveD. under
-Hw d yu study English s well？
- reading many bks．
A. TB. OfC. AtD. By
He prmised t deal with such prblems，he did d s．His wrd is ____________ his actin．
A. better thanB. wrse thanC. as well asD. as gd as
—What d yu think f Lin Ming, the chief engineer f the Hng Kng-Zhuhai-Maca Bridge prject(港珠澳大橋項(xiàng)目)?
—Perfect! He prved himself t be a gd engineer ______ hard wrk and is well wrth ______ frm.
A. abut; studyingB. frm; studying
C. thrugh; learningD. by; learning
_?______, the by met his teacher and began t talk with each ther.
A. On his way t hmeB. On his way hme
C. By the way t schlD. In his way t schl
agree with 同意 arrive at / in 到達(dá) at nce 立刻 at the same time 同時(shí)
at the age f 在…歲時(shí) be angry with 升…的氣 be gd at / d well in擅長(zhǎng)于
be interested in 對(duì)…感興趣 be late fr 遲到 be strict with 對(duì)…嚴(yán)格
by the way 順便說(shuō) n ne’s way t… 在…的路上 by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地
catch up with 趕上 cheer up 使…高興 cme up with 提出
depend n 依靠 be different frm 與…不同 fall ff 掉下來(lái)
get alng with與…相處 hear f 聽說(shuō) hear frm 收到…來(lái)信
help with 幫助 in public 在公共場(chǎng)合 in truble 處于困境中
in surprise 驚奇地 in time 及時(shí) learn frm 向…學(xué)習(xí)
laugh at 嘲笑 make friends with 與…交朋友 n ft 步行
regard as 把…當(dāng)作 t ne’s surprise 使…驚奇的是 with a smile 微笑著

相關(guān)試卷

相關(guān)試卷更多

相關(guān)試卷

相關(guān)試卷 更多

相關(guān)試卷更多