【期中模擬】（外研版2019）2023-2024學(xué)年高一上冊(cè)英語(yǔ) 必修1 Unit 4【單元測(cè)試

?Unit 4 【單元測(cè)試 · 提升卷】
(滿分：150分　時(shí)間：120分鐘)
第一部分　聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分 7.5分)
聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
1.What do we know about Alex?
A.He caused the computer problem.
B.He needs help.
C.He can solve the computer problem.
2.Why does the man feel sorry for the woman?
A.Because she had a difficult travel.
B.Because she missed the Carnival.
C.Because he failed to meet her earlier.
3.How will the speakers travel?
A.By boat. B.By train. C.By air.
4.What is the man going to do first?
A.Finish his writing. B.Have supper. C.Watch TV.
5.What are the speakers talking about?
A.Their children. B.Their favourite color. C.A jacket.
第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）
聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白,每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料，回答第6~8小題。
6.Whose birthday is it?
A.Stella’s. B.Don’s. C.Kit’s.
7.Why can’t the girl come and play?
A.Her aunt won’t allow her to.
B.She has to help her mother.
C.She lives too far away.
8.What do we know about Liz?
A.She works in a sweetshop.
B.She has two brothers.
C.She is a newborn baby.
聽第7段材料，回答第9~11小題。
9.Where are the speakers?
A.At home. B.In a hospital. C.In an office.
10.Why doesn’t the man sleep well?
A.His cough is particularly bad at night.
B.He has to prepare for the conference.
C.He has got a fever.
11.Why doesn’t the man go to the clinic?
A.He is having a meeting. B.He is too busy to go there.
C.He can take care of himself.
聽第8段材料，回答第12~14小題。
12.What are the speakers talking about?
A.Hotels. B.Vacation plans. C.Dreams.
13.Where will the woman stay in Seattle?
A.In her cousin’s. B.In a hotel. C.In her parents’.
14.When will the woman leave for her holiday?
A.Next Friday. B.Next Wednesday. C.A week later.
聽第9段材料，回答第15~17小題。
15.Where is the man going?
A.The Plaza Hotel. B.Madison Street. C.Park Street.
16.Why does the driver suggest Park Street?
A.Because there is heavy traffic in Madison Street.
B.Because it is the fastest way.
C.Because there is a traffic jam ahead in Madison Street.
17.Which way do they finally take?
A.Madison Street. B.Park Street. C.50th Street.
聽第10段材料，回答第18~20小題。
18.Where do most British people prefer to spend the Easter holiday?
A.On the continent. B.In Britain. C.All around the world.
19.What does the British want to enjoy during the holiday?
A.The airport service. B.The showers. C.The sun.
20.What’s the weather going to be like on the continent during the holiday?
A.Cold and windy. B.Low temperature. C.Rainy.
答案及聽力原文
答案：1~5 CBABC 6~10 CBCCA 11~15 BBABA 16~20 ACACB
聽力原文：
Text 1
W:Our computer isn’t working well.It crashed five times today.
M:I’ll go and visit my friend Alex tomorrow.
Text 2
W:I would have come back a week earlier，but the weather was so bad that we couldn’t travel.
M:That’s a real pity.The Carnival lasted a fortnight and only finished yesterday.
Text 3
M:I’ll pick you up at a quarter to eleven tomorrow morning.
W:How long will the journey last?
M:It’s a three and a half hours’ drive.And we should give ourselves forty minutes to have lunch，and another ten to wait for the ferry.
Text 4
M:Mum，my favourite TV show is on this evening.
W:But first you must finish your writing.
M:You promised to help me.
W:No problem.But supper is ready now.
Text 5
M:That’s a nice jacket.I really like the design and the colour.
W:It’s my son’s.He got it as a birthday present.
M:It’s a bit large，isn’t it?
W:Large?You just can’t imagine what a giant he is.
Text 6
M:Hi，you’re new here，aren’t you?What’s your name?
W:Stella.
M:Want to come and play?
W:I’d like to，but I can’t.My mum says I’ve got to stay and help her.It’s my brother’s birthday and we’re having a party.
M:Oh，you’ve got a brother，have you?
W:I’ve got two brothers.Kit，the one with the birthday，is only fourteen.I’ve got a big brother who’s married.His name’s Don.
M:Does your brother Don live near here?
W:Yes，not very far away.Cath—that’s his wife—works in the sweetshop over there.They’ve got a new baby called Liz.I mean Elizabeth really，but we call her Liz.
M:Is that your mum over there calling you?
W:No，that’s my Aunt May，my mum’s sister.I’d better go.Bye.
M:Bye.
Text 7
W:Morning.
M:Morning.
W:But...but how are you today?You don’t look very well.
M:I’m not.I have a sore throat，and I cough，especially at night.So I can’t sleep very well.
W:Oh!Have you got a temperature?
M:Yeah，I’ve got a fever.
W:Um，I think you’ve got the flu.I suggest you take a day off and go back home to have a good rest.
M:Sounds great.But I have to prepare my speech for the conference.You know，it’s only five days from now.And yesterday they asked me for the summary.
W:Did you go to the clinic?
M:I had no time for it and there’s no way until I finish the summary.
W:Take your time and take good care of yourself.
M:Sure.Thank you.
Text 8
M:Hi，Betty，where are you going for your vacation?
W:Seattle.I’ve been wanting to go there for ages.
M:Now your dream will come true.When are you off?
W:Next Wednesday evening.
M:How are you getting to the airport?Is anybody seeing you off?
W:Yes，my brother will go with me to the airport to see me off.We’ll take a taxi.My plane takes off at 8：30.
M:Are you staying in a hotel in Seattle?Hotels there are particularly expensive and it’s hard to book one at this time of a year.
W:No，not necessary.My cousin lives there and I’m staying with her.What about you?Are you going anywhere?
M:Yeah.I’m going to New York on Friday with my parents.
W:How are you getting there?By train?
M:No，by plane.
W:How long are you staying there?
M:It all depends.Maybe a week.See you when we get back.Have a nice time in Seattle.
W:Good luck.Have a nice trip.
Text 9
W:Where do you want to go?
M:Would you please take me uptown?I’m going to the Plaza Hotel.
W:Do you want to go up Madison Street?
M:Is that the fastest way?I’m in a hurry.
W:The traffic is very heavy on Madison Street now.
M:What other way can you go?
W:I can take Park Street.
M:All right.
W:There’s a traffic jam up ahead.
M:In that case，turn left at the next traffic light.
W:OK.I’ll go west on 50th Street.
M:Thanks.I don’t want to be late.
Text 10
Airports are reporting heavy business as thousands of people set off on their Easter holidays.A number of airlines say there’s been a big last-minute rush and British Airways are expecting record bookings with more than twenty thousand passengers flying to the continent today.But holiday-makers may not find the sun they’re seeking.Reports from European resorts are not encouraging.In most places，the temperature is only in the mid-fifties.Even so，that’s better than in Britain.The forecasters here say it’s going to be cold and windy today，with wintry showers at times.But there will be some sunny intervals.
第二部分　閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)
第一節(jié)　(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
[2021·長(zhǎng)沙市高三統(tǒng)一模擬]If you'll be taking vacation time in the coming year and plan on flying, here are some useful tips for buying a cheap ticket.
When to buy
If you're going to buy tickets for domestic (國(guó)內(nèi)的) flights, check prices on Tuesday afternoons. This is an old tip but still useful because most U．S. carriers continue to release sales on Tuesday morning, and competitors quickly drop their fares to match the better deals.
When to fly
Weekdays continue to be generally cheaper times to fly than weekends for most flights. In the U．S., the cheapest days are typically Tuesday, Wednesday and Saturday. A good itinerary (旅行計(jì)劃) for the expensive U．S. spring break travel period is scheduled from Tuesday to Saturday; it will save you money (in most cases)．
Where to fly
We continue to see good deals to Boston and Denver and more and more nice prices to Chicago, Seattle and Washington, D．C.. As for Europe, there have been surprising deals throughout the fall and those will continue into the winter.
Direct flights vs connecting flights
Compare the price of direct flights with that of connecting flights. Sometimes adding a stop to your route will save you money, and it might be enough to endure the extra long flying day. An example: San Francisco to Raleigh: $553 for a direct flight, $362 with one stop.
You'd better think twice about the direct flight for San Francisco to Raleigh.
Compare, compare, compare
Stifle_the_impulse to go to your favorite airline site to purchase tickets without doing any comparison. Example: Let's say you want to fly from New York to London and figure your favorite U．S. legacy carrier will get you there for the best price—$554 for a round trip.
However, the comparison site also shows a cheaper flight from the same legacy carrier ($521). See what you're missing when you fail to do comparison?
1．When can you possibly find the best price for flights within the U．S.?
A．On Monday morning.
B．On Thursday afternoon.
C．On Tuesday morning.
D．On Sunday morning.
2．What does the underlined phrase “Stifle the impulse” probably mean?
A．Feel free to do something.
B．Suppress the desire to do something.
C．Get well prepared for something.
D．Make a quick decision on something.
3．Who is the text intended for?
A．Those who usually choose first class for their flights.
B．Those who want to find suggestions on where to fly.
C．Those who are travelling during the spring break.
D．Those who are looking for the best airline ticket prices.

CBD
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，講述的是為乘飛機(jī)旅行的游客提供了一些有用的購(gòu)買便宜機(jī)票的建議，包括注意購(gòu)買的時(shí)間、出行時(shí)間、旅行目的地等。
1．答案與解析：C　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)When to fly部分的第二句可知，在美國(guó)，買機(jī)票最便宜的日子通常是星期二、星期三和星期六，故C項(xiàng)正確。
2．答案與解析：B　考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)畫線短語(yǔ)所在部分的小標(biāo)題可知，該部分是建議游客買機(jī)票時(shí)要作比較，并結(jié)合畫線短語(yǔ)所在句可知，此句是說抑制住你不作任何比較就去你最喜歡的航空公司網(wǎng)站買機(jī)票的沖動(dòng)。B項(xiàng)意為“抑制住做某事的欲望”，故B項(xiàng)符合文意。
3．答案與解析：D　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段可知，如果你明年要休假并打算乘飛機(jī)旅行，這里有一些有用的購(gòu)買便宜機(jī)票的建議，故可推知，本文是寫給那些尋找最佳機(jī)票價(jià)格的人，故D項(xiàng)正確。
B
[2021·福建省高三檢測(cè)]We humans love to stare into our smart devices.We gaze for hours—about 10 hours and 39 minutes a day—at our computers，smartphones，tablets and televisions.Is all this staring bad for us？It might be，mainly because as we stare at our devices we are exposing ourselves to blue light.
Blue light is a type of electromagnetic radiation with a very short wavelength that produces a high amount of energy.While it's true that light can damage our eyes under certain circumstances，there's no scientific evidence suggesting that blue light is harmful to our eyes.But many people still think it is，which is why blue light-blocking glasses are so popular.So do the glasses work?
“Everyone is very concerned that blue light may be causing damage to the eye，but there's no evidence that it may be causing serious damage，” Dr.Rahul Khurana，clinical spokesman for the American Academy of Ophthalmology，told Business Insider.
Blue light exposure is nothing new.In fact，the sun is the largest source of blue light.Moreover，blue light is also present in LED lights.But if blue light isn't harmful，then why are we constantly rubbing our eyes when we're looking at our screens？The answer is eyestrain (眼疲勞)：More than 60 percent of people experience eye problems associated with digital eyestrain.And blue light，it seems，isn't the cause.Instead，our eyes are so strained because most of us blink less when we stare at our digital devices.So if eyestrain is the real issue，blue light-blocking glasses are probably of little use.
1．What do we know about blue light?
A．It is a kind of nuclear radiation.
B．It has the shortest wavelength.
C．It may come from electronic devices.
D．It consumes a great deal of energy.
2．What causes the popularity of blue light-blocking glasses?
A．Evidence of their benefits to eyes.
B．Belief in blue light's harmful effect.
C．Widespread use of smart devices.
D．Scientific understanding of blue light.
3．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A．Blue light exposure is hardly avoidable.
B．Eye problems are not easy to deal with.
C．Blue light may connect with tired eyes.
D．Rubbing eyes makes people strained.
4．According to the text，wearing blue light-blocking glasses may be ________.
A．tiring B．harmful
C．useless D．Beneficial
CBAC
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。藍(lán)光是一種波長(zhǎng)非常短、能量巨大的電磁輻射。雖然在某些情況下光線確實(shí)會(huì)損傷我們的眼睛，但是并沒有科學(xué)證據(jù)表明藍(lán)光對(duì)我們的眼睛有害。不過許多人仍然認(rèn)為藍(lán)光有害，這就是防藍(lán)光眼鏡如此受歡迎的原因。
1．答案與解析：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句話“It might be，mainly because as we stare at our devices we are exposing ourselves to blue light.”可知，我們?cè)诙⒅娮釉O(shè)備的同時(shí)，就使自己暴露于藍(lán)光下。故答案為C項(xiàng)“它可能來自電子設(shè)備”。
2．答案與解析：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句和第三句“While it's true that light can damage our eyes under certain circumstances, there's no scientific evidence suggesting that blue light is harmful to our eyes.But many people still think it is，which is why blue light-blocking glasses are so popular.”可知，雖然在某些情況下光線確實(shí)會(huì)損傷我們的眼睛，但是并沒有科學(xué)證據(jù)表明藍(lán)光對(duì)我們的眼睛有害。不過許多人仍然認(rèn)為藍(lán)光有害，這就是防藍(lán)光眼鏡如此受歡迎的原因。故選擇B項(xiàng)。
3．答案與解析：A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段前三句“Blue light exposure is nothing new.In fact，the sun is the largest source of blue light. Moreover，blue light is also present in LED lights.”可知，藍(lán)光照射并不罕見。事實(shí)上，太陽(yáng)就是藍(lán)光最大的來源。此外，藍(lán)光也存在于LED燈中。也就是說藍(lán)光照射幾乎是不可避免的，答案為A項(xiàng)。
4．答案與解析：C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“So if eyestrain is the real issue，blue light-blocking glasses are probably of little use.”可知，如果眼疲勞才是真正的問題，那么防藍(lán)光眼鏡可能是無(wú)用的(useless)。
C
[2021·西安模擬]Instagram is about to take its biggest step toward removing likes from its platform. After months of testing an option to hide likes in select international markets, Instagram, which is owned by Facebook (FB), has already been testing hiding likes in seven other countries, including Canada, Ireland and Australia. For years, likes have been central to how celebrities, brands, politicians and everyday users experience Instagram and Facebook. It's a way of measuring popularity and success. But in recent months, Instagram has been rethinking how likes contribute to making its platform more toxic. Now it's considering a change.
The total number of likes on posts—which appear as hearts on the app—will disappear from Instagram's main feed, profile pages and permalink pages. The owner of the account can still see their own likes, but their followers won't know the count.
CNN Business previously spoke with users in countries with the test. The majority felt this move would improve well-being on the app. Instagram is the most detrimental social networking app for young people's mental health, such as negatively impacting body image, according to one study.
But other users and psychologists said hiding likes won't fix everything. The test doesn't address some of the key ways that activity on Instagram can impact the well-being of users, including bullying, feeling left out and thinking other people's lives are better than their own.
Renee Engeln, a psychology professor at Northwestern University, voiced his opinion that the biggest impact of Instagram is the content and the exposure to this constant stream of perfected images is what seems to hurt psychologically. Plus, users can still see their own likes—and feel badly if their posts don't perform well.
1．How do users usually experience Instagram for years?
A．By selecting platforms. B．By showing off talents.
C．By hiding likes. D．By giving likes.
2．What does the underlined word “detrimental” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Profitable. B．Popular.
C．Parmful. D．Positive.
3．What can we infer from the passage?
A．Instagram has affected youngsters' mental health.
B．The account owners won't know the count o-likes.
C．Instagram tested hiding likes in seven countries first.
D．The majority think Instagram has been a well-being app.
4．What could be the best title of the passage?
A．Instagram Misuses Likes
B．More People Are Against Likes
C．Likes Cause Mental Problems
D．Likes will Be Hidden on Instagram
DCAD
語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文為說明文。Instagram即將邁出最大的一步，從它的平臺(tái)上移除“點(diǎn)贊”。因?yàn)椤包c(diǎn)贊”讓平臺(tái)變得更“有毒”的，幾個(gè)月來 Instagram一直嘗試在一些國(guó)際市場(chǎng)隱藏“點(diǎn)贊”功能。
1．答案與解析：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“For years, likes have been central to how celebrities, brands, politicians and everyday users experience Instagram and Facebook.” 多年來，“點(diǎn)贊”一直是名人、品牌商、政客和普通用戶體驗(yàn)Instagram和Facebook的核心。由此可知，體驗(yàn)Instagram是通過點(diǎn)贊的形式，故選D。
2．答案與解析：C　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“The majority felt this move would improve well-being on the app.”可知，大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為移除點(diǎn)贊可以改善在這個(gè)應(yīng)用上的舒適度。畫線單詞所在句子“Instagram is the most detrimental social networking app for young people's mental health, such as negatively impacting body image, according to one study.”可知，Instagram是對(duì)年輕人的心理健康最有影響的一種社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用，比如能消極地影響一個(gè)人的身體形象，結(jié)合兩句話可知，Instagram目前是有消極影響，能讓用戶產(chǎn)生不舒適感的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)，detrimental是來形容Instagram的特點(diǎn)的，應(yīng)該是消極方面的詞義，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，只有選項(xiàng)C “有害的”，符合文意，故選C。
3．答案與解析：A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Instagram is the most detrimental social networking app for young people's mental health, such as negatively impacting body image, according to one study.”可知，根據(jù)研究表明，Instagram是對(duì)年輕人的心理健康最有害的一種社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用，比如對(duì)身體形象產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。由此可推斷出Instagram影響了青少年的心理健康。故選A。
4．答案與解析：D　主旨大意題。本文第一段敘述了Instagram即將邁出最大的一步，從它的平臺(tái)上移除“點(diǎn)贊”。幾個(gè)月來 Instagram一直嘗試在一些國(guó)際市場(chǎng)隱藏“點(diǎn)贊”功能。接著下文具體分析了“點(diǎn)贊”造成的不好的影響，所以要在Instagram隱藏“點(diǎn)贊”功能。因此D項(xiàng)是最佳題目。故選D。
D
[2021·德州模擬]China's Mars rover, Tianwen-1, will likely attempt to land at a site in northeastern Mars, according to a new paper published just days ahead of the mission's launch. The paper was written by team members of China's Tianwen-1 Mars mission, which aims to send an orbiter and a rover to the Red Planet.
The study reveals new details about Tianwen-1, outlining its intended landing area, science goals and the names of instruments aboard the spacecraft. It also stresses the historic nature of the mission: Not only is Tianwen-1 China's first fully homegrown Mars mission, it's also the first to carry both an orbiter and a rover.
Tianwen-1 means “questions to heaven” and was taken from the title of a poem by Qu Yuan (340—278 BC). The spacecraft will reach Mars in February 2021, at the same time as NASA's Perseverance rover and the United Arab Emirates' Hope orbiter launched on Sunday (July 19). However, China's rover will remain attached to the orbiter for two to three months before attempting its landing, according to the paper.
The chosen landing area is Utopia Planitia, a huge basin formed by a large impact far back in Mars' history that was also the region where NASA's Viking 2 lander touched down in 1976. China had isolated a part of the vast plain as a landing area, which means there will be more time and atmosphere for the entry spacecraft to slow down and safely land on the surface. The latitude is also suitable for receiving enough sunlight to power the 240 kilograms rover. The relatively smooth surface will also be helpful for roving. The mission also benefits from the engineering heritage of China's Chang'e lunar exploration program, the paper noted.
The Tianwen-1 orbiter will operate in a polar orbit in order to map Mars. The rover will also investigate the surface soil characteristics and water-ice distribution with its own Subsurface Exploration Radar. It will also analyze surface material composition and characteristics of the Martian climate and environment on the surface.
1．What's the purpose of the passage?
A．To lay out key details about Tianwen-1.
B．To state how Tianwen-1 was invented.
C．To stress the historic meaning of Tianwen-1.
D．To analyze characteristics of the Martian climate.
2．What is most special about Tianwen-1 according to Para. 2?
A．It was named after Qu Yuan, a famous poet in Chinese history.
B．It will reach Mars at the same time as NASA's Viking 2.
C．It will remain for 2 or 3 months on Mars.
D．It will complete orbiting and roving in a Mars mission.
3．Why is Utopia Planitia chosen as the landing area of Tianwen-1?
A．The rare air there is suitable for the flight of Tianwen.
B．The area can protect Tianwen-1 from too much sunlight.
C．It has relatively smooth surface, which is helpful for roving.
D．There is no spacecraft successfully landing there in history.
4．The last paragraph states mainly________.
A．Tianwen-1's historic contributions
B．Tianwen-1's new radar instruments
C．Tianwen-1's academic advantages
D．Tianwen-1's scientific goals
ADCD
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)的火星漫游者“天問1號(hào)”可能會(huì)嘗試在火星東北部的一個(gè)地點(diǎn)著陸，就在任務(wù)發(fā)射前幾天發(fā)表的一篇新論文稱。文中還揭示了天問1號(hào)的新細(xì)節(jié)，概述了它的預(yù)定著陸區(qū)域、科學(xué)目標(biāo)和飛船上儀器的名稱。
1．答案與解析：A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“The study reveals new details about Tianwen-1, outlining its intended landing area, science goals and the names of instruments aboard the spacecraft.(這項(xiàng)研究揭示了天問1號(hào)的新細(xì)節(jié)，概述了它的預(yù)定著陸區(qū)域、科學(xué)目標(biāo)和飛船上儀器的名稱)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了中國(guó)的火星漫游者“天問1號(hào)”可能會(huì)嘗試在火星東北部的一個(gè)地點(diǎn)著陸，就在任務(wù)發(fā)射前幾天發(fā)表的一篇新論文稱。文中還揭示了天問1號(hào)的新細(xì)節(jié)，概述了它的預(yù)定著陸區(qū)域、科學(xué)目標(biāo)和飛船上儀器的名稱?？赏浦@篇文章的目的是列出天問1號(hào)的關(guān)鍵細(xì)節(jié)。故選A。
2．答案與解析：D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“It also stresses the historic nature of the mission: Not only is Tianwen-1 China's first fully homegrown Mars mission, it's also the first to carry both an orbiter and a rover.(它還強(qiáng)調(diào)了這次任務(wù)的歷史性：天問1號(hào)不僅是中國(guó)第一個(gè)完全自主的火星任務(wù)，也是第一個(gè)同時(shí)攜帶軌道飛行器和探測(cè)車的任務(wù))”可推知，天問1號(hào)最特別的地方是它將在火星任務(wù)中完成環(huán)繞和漫游。故選D。
3．答案與解析：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“China had isolated a part of the vast plain as a landing area, which means there will be more time and atmosphere for the entry spacecraft to slow down and safely land on the surface. The latitude is also suitable for receiving enough sunlight to power the 240 kilograms rover. The relatively smooth surface will also be helpful for roving. (中國(guó)已經(jīng)將這片廣闊的平原的一部分隔離出來作為著陸點(diǎn)，這意味著將有更多的時(shí)間和大氣層讓飛船減速并安全著陸在火星表面。這個(gè)緯度也適合接受足夠的陽(yáng)光，為240公斤重的火星車提供動(dòng)力。相對(duì)光滑的表面也將有助于漫游)”可知，選擇烏托邦平原作為“天問1號(hào)”的著陸點(diǎn)，是因?yàn)樗砻姹容^光滑，有利于漫游。故選C。
4．答案與解析：D　主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“The Tianwen-1 orbiter will operate in a polar orbit in order to map Mars. The rover will also investigate the surface soil characteristics and water-ice distribution with its own Subsurface Exploration Radar. It will also analyze surface material composition and characteristics of the Martian climate and environment on the surface.(天問1號(hào)軌道飛行器將在極軌道上運(yùn)行，以繪制火星地圖。探測(cè)車還將利用自己的地下探測(cè)雷達(dá)調(diào)查地表土壤特征和水冰分布。它還將分析火星表面物質(zhì)的組成以及火星表面氣候和環(huán)境的特征)”可知，最后一段主要闡述了“天問1號(hào)”的科學(xué)目標(biāo)。故選D。
Ⅱ.七選五
Get a Healthy Home
[2021·山東省德州市名校聯(lián)考]Most of us have spent more time at home in 2020 than we ever imagined possible. _1__ These tips can help make your home better for your body and mind.
Take off your shoes at your door. Think about keeping your home clean the minute you walk in. A University of Arizona study found that the average shoe contains nearly 421,000 different bacteria(細(xì)菌), including Escherichia coil and strep. Pesticides (殺蟲劑) and cleaning chemicals can also come into your home via your shoes. __2__
Freshen the walls. If the walls in your home feel as if they're closing in, maybe it's time to find a new coat of paint. _3 __ Researchers at the University of British Columbia found that blue boosts creativity, while red increases attention to detail.
__4__ In a small study，volunteers worked from noon to 8 p．m. in a room lit primarily by daylight or one lit primarily by artificial light. By the end of the second day, those who had worked in the sunlit room were less sleepy and performed better on performance tests connected with mental process.
Clean the air in your home. __5__ The Department of Energy requires that it can remove 99.97 percent of pollutants and particles in the air. Portable high-efficiency particulate air filters(過濾器)can clean a single room or the entire house.
A．Work near a window.
B．Study in the artificial light.
C．Studies have shown that color can influence your mood.
D．Maybe you have realized the importance of a healthy home.
E．Leave a pair of shoes you wear in the house by the front door.
F．A high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter can cost much
G．The gold standard is a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter.
DECAG

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。介紹了四種可以使家庭環(huán)境變得更健康的方式。
1．答案與解析：D　邏輯分析題。本題考查考生理解段內(nèi)過渡句的能力。上文講在2020年，我們大多數(shù)人都在家里度過了很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間；下文講這里有一些可以使你的家變得更適合你的身體和心靈(成長(zhǎng))的方法。D項(xiàng)“或許你已經(jīng)意識(shí)到一個(gè)健康的家庭(環(huán)境)的重要性了”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。
2．答案與解析：E　邏輯分析題。本題考查考生理解段內(nèi)銜接關(guān)系的能力。根據(jù)本段第一句“Take off your shoes at your door.”可推知，本段陳述的是在屋內(nèi)換鞋的必要性。E項(xiàng)“在家門口留一雙你在家中穿的鞋子”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。
3．答案與解析：C　例證題。本題考查考生理解段內(nèi)例證句的能力。上文講如果你家里的墻壁讓你有種包圍感，也許是時(shí)候選一種新的墻漆了；下文具體解釋了紅藍(lán)兩種顏色的具體影響。C項(xiàng)“研究表明，顏色可以影響你的心情”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。
4．答案與解析：A　主旨題。本題考查考生總結(jié)歸納的能力。下文講一項(xiàng)小調(diào)查表明，與人工燈源相比，在自然光源下工作的人們沒那么困倦，且他們?cè)谂c心理過程有關(guān)的測(cè)試中表現(xiàn)得更出色。由此可推知，本段內(nèi)容應(yīng)與“在自然光源下工作”有關(guān)。A項(xiàng)“在窗邊工作”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。
5．答案與解析：G　邏輯分析題。本題考查考生理解段內(nèi)句子之間邏輯關(guān)系的能力。上文講清潔你的房子中的空氣；下文講能源部門表示它可以移除空氣中99.97%的污染物和微粒。高效的空氣過濾器可以清潔一個(gè)單人間或整個(gè)房子。G項(xiàng)“這個(gè)黃金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就是一個(gè)高效率的空氣微粒過濾器”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。

Ⅱ.完形填空
[2021·濰坊市高三下學(xué)期二模]Hansen and his 10-year-old son Chase search the streets of Salt Lake City every weekend for the homeless to take to lunch. They started Project Empathy (同情) four years ago to __1__ a meal, listen to their stories and figured out how they could __2__ help.
“Just start with a smile, a hello. It really just starts with that. If you do it, you can make a connection. A small gesture can have a __3__ impact on others less fortunate，” Hansen __4__ in an interview.
Some of these shared meals have turned into stronger __5__. Ward, a homeless, was __6__ in a flat. He credited the Hansens with helping him __7__ the difficult process of moving off the streets. “It is great to have friends who make us feel __8__ and I'm impressed with the pair，” Ward said.
Father and son's __9__ have developed into a passion project that __10__ faith and community, which emphasizes the __11__ community members can have in uplifting the homeless. They know they can't settle the homeless __12__ alone. They're hoping empathy will __13__.
“My hope for the future is to __14__ more connection across our country. We could and we will succeed __15__ we have other people join in and help the homeless，” Chase said.
1．A.buy B．cook C．share D．eat
2．A.often B．further C．a(chǎn)lso D．even
3．A.dramatic B．different C．minimum D．decisive
4．A.remarked B．praised C．joked D．quoted
5．A.desires B．connections C．motivations D．opinions
6．A.provided B．permitted C．a(chǎn)bandoned D．housed
7．A.through B．for C．despite D．to
8．A.surprised B．relaxed C．a(chǎn)wesome D．calm
9．A.dreams B．influences C．experiences D．efforts
0．A.assesses B．compares C．highlights D．respects
11．A.importance B．task C．chance D．role
12．A.argument B．problem C．debt D．conflict
13．A.go away B．catch on C．fade out D．give off
14．A.spread B．miss C．exchange D．maintain
15．A.before B．if C．until D．So

CBAAB DACDC DBBAB
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要敘述了Hansen父子創(chuàng)辦同情項(xiàng)目幫助無(wú)家可歸的人的故事。他們希望更多的人加入到他們的計(jì)劃中來。
1．答案與解析：C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“買”；B項(xiàng)意為“烹飪”；C項(xiàng)意為“分享”；D項(xiàng)意為“吃”。根據(jù)空格前一句“Hansen and his 10-year-old son Chase search the streets of Salt Lake City every weekend for the homeless to take to lunch.”和第三段第一句中的“Some of these shared meals”可推知，他們創(chuàng)辦這個(gè)項(xiàng)目是為了分享食物。故選C。
2．答案與解析：B　考查副詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“經(jīng)?！?；B項(xiàng)意為“進(jìn)一步”；C項(xiàng)意為“也，而且”；D項(xiàng)意為“甚至”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，他們給無(wú)家可歸的人帶午飯，除了帶午飯，他們還在其他方面給予幫助。因此，此處指他們還弄清如何能進(jìn)一步幫助這些無(wú)家可歸的人。故選B。
3．答案與解析：A　考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“巨大的，給人印象深刻的”；B項(xiàng)意為“不同的”；C項(xiàng)意為“最低的，最小的”；D項(xiàng)意為“決定性的”。根據(jù)空格前的“A small gesture”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，一個(gè)小小的舉動(dòng)可以對(duì)其他不幸的人產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。故選A。
4．答案與解析：A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“評(píng)論，說起”；B項(xiàng)意為“表?yè)P(yáng)”；C項(xiàng)意為“開玩笑”；D項(xiàng)意為“引用”。根據(jù)上文Hansen所說的話可知，他在一次采訪中說了這些話。故選A。
5．答案與解析：B　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“欲望，愿望”；B項(xiàng)意為“聯(lián)系，關(guān)聯(lián)”；C項(xiàng)意為“動(dòng)機(jī)”；D項(xiàng)意為“意見”。根據(jù)第二段第三句“If you do it, you can make a connection.”和第三段最后一句中的“‘It is great to have friends who make us feel __8__’”可知，其中一些共享的食物已經(jīng)變成了更強(qiáng)的聯(lián)系。故選B。
6．答案與解析：D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“提供”；B項(xiàng)意為“允許”；C項(xiàng)意為“放棄”；D項(xiàng)意為“給(某人)提供住處”。根據(jù)空格后一句“He credited the Hansens with helping him ____ the difficult process of moving off the streets.”可知，Ward無(wú)家可歸，Hansen父子給他在一個(gè)公寓里提供了住所。故選D。
7．答案與解析：A　考查介詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“經(jīng)歷，度過”；B項(xiàng)意為“為了”；C項(xiàng)意為“盡管”；D項(xiàng)意為“給”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，Ward感謝Hansen父子幫助他度過了離開街道的艱難過程。故選A。
8．答案與解析：C　考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“驚訝的”；B項(xiàng)意為“放松的”；C項(xiàng)意為“很好的”；D項(xiàng)意為“鎮(zhèn)定的”。根據(jù)空格前的“It is great to have friends”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，有Hansen父子這樣的朋友讓W(xué)ard感覺很棒，他們給Ward留下了深刻的印象。故選C。
9．答案與解析：D　考查名詞辨析。A意為“夢(mèng)想”；B項(xiàng)意為“影響”；C項(xiàng)意為“經(jīng)歷”；D項(xiàng)意為“努力”。根據(jù)上文可知，Hansen父子幫助無(wú)家可歸的人。由此可推知，此處指父子倆經(jīng)過努力已經(jīng)將共情項(xiàng)目發(fā)展成為一個(gè)充滿激情的項(xiàng)目。故選D。
10．答案與解析：C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“評(píng)估”；B項(xiàng)意為“比較”；C項(xiàng)意為“強(qiáng)調(diào)，突出”；D項(xiàng)意為“尊敬”。根據(jù)空格后的“emphasizes the ____ community members can have in uplifting the homeless”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，這個(gè)充滿激情的項(xiàng)目強(qiáng)調(diào)信任和社區(qū)的理念。故選C。
11．答案與解析：D　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“重要性”；B項(xiàng)意為“任務(wù)”；C項(xiàng)意為“機(jī)會(huì)”；D項(xiàng)意為“角色，作用”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，該項(xiàng)目強(qiáng)調(diào)社區(qū)成員在幫助無(wú)家可歸的人方面所發(fā)揮的作用。故選D。
12．答案與解析：B　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“爭(zhēng)論”；B項(xiàng)意為“問題”；C項(xiàng)意為“債務(wù)”；D項(xiàng)意為“沖突”。根據(jù)空格前的“settle”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，Hansen父子知道單靠他們兩個(gè)人不能解決無(wú)家可歸的人的問題。故選B。
13．答案與解析：B　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“走開”；B項(xiàng)意為“受歡迎，流行起來”；C項(xiàng)意為“(聲音)漸弱，(畫面)淡出”；D項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)出(光等)”。根據(jù)空格前一句“They know they can't settle the homeless _52__ alone.”可知，Hansen父子知道單靠他們兩個(gè)人不能解決無(wú)家可歸的人的問題。他們希望人們都能擁有同情心。故選B。
14．答案與解析：A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“傳播”；B項(xiàng)意為“錯(cuò)過，想念”；C項(xiàng)意為“交換”；D項(xiàng)意為“保持”。根據(jù)_54___空格后一句中的“we have other people join in and help the homeless”可知，Chase希望未來能有更多人幫助無(wú)家可歸的人，即傳播更多的聯(lián)系。故選A。
15．答案與解析：B　考查連詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“在……之前”；B項(xiàng)意為“如果”；C項(xiàng)意為“直到……為止”；D項(xiàng)意為“因此”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，Chase說：“如果我們讓其他人參加這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，幫助無(wú)家可歸的人，我們就會(huì)成功?！惫蔬xB。
Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空
Polar bears are undergoing hunger in a world 1.________ (warm) than ever before.
Polar bears live in the environment too cold for most animals. For most of the year, they live and hunt on Arctic sea ice. Nature has prepared 2.________ (they) for the cold conditions. But nothing has prepared the bears for the danger 3.________ threatens their only home.
Polar bears' world is melting. Studies show that polar ice 4.________ (reduce) by 9.8% every 10 years since 1978. Now about 20，000 to 25，000 polar bears live in the Arctic. Polar bears depend 5.________ sea ice for their 6.________ (survive). “Sea ice is more than just the platform that the bears walk over，” says Andrew Derocher, 7.________ scientist who studies North American polar bear populations. “Without it, they can't exist.”
8.________ (melt) and refreezing of polar ice is natural. But in a warmer world, the cycle speeds up, and polar bears have less time 9.________ (hunt). Normally, they have three months in the spring when they gain more weight. The extra fat will be used, when the bears are not 10.________ (active) hunting.
1．warmer　2．them　3．that/which　4．has reduced　5．on/upon　
6．survival　7．a(chǎn)　 8．Melting　9．to hunt　 10．a(chǎn)ctively　

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。北極熊生活在寒冷的北極地區(qū)，但是它們生活的地方正在慢慢融化。研究顯示，自1978年以來，極地冰每10年減少9.8%。一位科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，如果沒有海冰，北極熊將無(wú)法生存。
1．答案與解析：warmer　考查比較級(jí)。修飾名詞world，應(yīng)用形容詞，由后面的than可知，應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。
2．答案與解析：them　考查代詞。此處作prepared的賓語(yǔ)，指前面提到的Polar bears，應(yīng)用them。
3．答案與解析：that/which　考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處是限定性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是the danger，指物，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that或which引導(dǎo)。
4．答案與解析：has reduced　考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)since 1978可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是polar ice，為不可數(shù)名詞，助動(dòng)詞使用has。
5．答案與解析：on/upon　考查介詞。固定搭配depend on/upon意為“依靠，依賴”。
6．答案與解析：survival　考查名詞。前面有形容詞性物主代詞，此處應(yīng)用名詞survival，表示“生存，存活”，不可數(shù)。
7．答案與解析：a　考查冠詞。此處泛指“一個(gè)科學(xué)家”，且scientist以輔音音素開頭，應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。
8．答案與解析：Melting　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處與and后的refreezing是并列成分，作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞。
9．答案與解析：to hunt　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。固定搭配have time to do sth.“有時(shí)間做某事”，不定式作定語(yǔ)。
10．答案與解析：actively　考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞hunting，應(yīng)用副詞actively“積極地”，作狀語(yǔ)。

Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文寫作
第一節(jié) (滿分 15分)
[2021·濟(jì)南市高三針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練]假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)筆友Frank來信詢問你關(guān)于新冠疫情中復(fù)學(xué)的情況，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)給他寫一封回信：
1．表達(dá)感謝；
2．介紹你的情況(學(xué)習(xí)、生活等)；
3．表示關(guān)心。
注意：
1．詞數(shù)80左右；
2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
3．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Frank，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
第一節(jié) （滿分15分）
Dear Frank,
I'm deeply appreciate your concern about my current study. Now, I'm writing to share with you my present situation.
Due to the outbreak of the epidemic, the starting date of the spring semester has been put off until April 15. Now, we are studying in the smaller classes in our school, each of which is composed of no more than 25 students. Each of my fellow classmates is fully devoted to study and shows great discipline to prepare for the up-coming College Entrance Examination. In response to the current policy, we wear protective masks every day to protect ourselves from getting infected. In addition, we also maintain healthy eating and good habits.
What about your situation? I hope you take good care of yourself. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua

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