?專(zhuān)題08 主謂一致
限時(shí)：（ 35分鐘）

（基礎(chǔ)題）
單句語(yǔ)法填空
1. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks ________(be) free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
2. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood________(be) of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.
3. Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress ________(be) the watchwords (口號(hào)), and traditions are increasingly rare.
4. On the other hand, being young and old at the same time ________(have) its attractions.
5. What people forget ________(be) that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still.
6. Producing food that no one ________(eat) wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it.
7. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste ________(be) a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
8. Among those taking part in the project________(be)80-year-old Ruth Xavier.
9. Three years _______ (have) passed since they met last time, and for them, three years_______ (be) really a long time.?
10. _______ (be) everybody going to take part in the game this afternoon?
11. My family _______ (be) the largest one in our village. Besides, my family ______ (be) all party members.
12. The whole class ________ (be) now listening to the teacher attentively.
13. The news ______ (be) very exciting.
14. To learn one or two foreign languages _______ (be) very important nowadays.
15. The last and most difficult lesson _______ (be) Lesson 14.
16. I, who _______ your friend, will try my best to help you.
17. The scientist and engineer _______ (have) invented a new machine.
18. Alice，together with her friends，_______ (be) punished for having broken the school rules.
19. Every girl and every boy _______ (have) the right to join the club.
20. —_______ (be) either she or you to go and attend the meeting?
21. —Neither she nor I________(be).
22. Ancient and modern history _____ (be) the subjects we are studying.
23. Many a scientist _______ (have) devoted their lives to science.
24. The old _______ (be) respected in our country.

Key
1. are。名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
2. is。 動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
3. are。 不可數(shù)名詞用and連接，表示不同的概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
4. has。動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
5. is。從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。
6. eats。復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
7. were。If引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件狀語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)于現(xiàn)在的虛擬謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去式，be動(dòng)詞常用were。
8. is。倒裝句，主語(yǔ)是Ruth Xavier，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
9. have; is。表示時(shí)間、金錢(qián)、距離、重量的復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示單位數(shù)量用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，?通?？醋髡w，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式（第二空）;?若強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)目，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式（第一空）。
10. Is。不定代詞anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, something, nobody, nothing等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
11. is; are。集體名詞family, class等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)整體（第一空），謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體（第二空），則用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
12. are。
13. is。某些名詞以-s結(jié)尾，表面看是復(fù)數(shù)形式，實(shí)際上是單數(shù)概念，如physics, news等，它們作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
14. is。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是不定式短語(yǔ)，-ing形式短語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。
15. is。一個(gè)單數(shù)名詞同時(shí)被兩個(gè)不同的形容詞修飾，如果表示的是同一概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。該句意為“最后一課十四課是最難的一課?！?br /> 16. am。?????
17. has。兩個(gè)名詞或代詞由and連接作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，當(dāng)and不表示并列意義，而連接兩個(gè)在意義上表示同一人、物或概念或由兩個(gè)部件配成的物品時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
18. was。主語(yǔ)后面接說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的修飾語(yǔ)，如用with，along with，?as well??as, like, rather than, but, except, besides, including等與修飾語(yǔ)連接，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不受修飾成分的影響，仍保持同主語(yǔ)一致的關(guān)系。
19. has。兩個(gè)并列的名詞由each，every，?no等修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。
20. 1Is; am。當(dāng)用作主語(yǔ)的兩個(gè)名詞或代詞由or，?either ... or, neither ... nor或?not only ... but also等連接時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)通常與鄰近的名詞或代詞保持一致。
21. are。一個(gè)單數(shù)名詞同時(shí)被兩個(gè)不同的形容詞修飾，表示兩個(gè)不同的概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)。
22. has。“many a +?單數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，表達(dá)的是復(fù)數(shù)意義，但謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。???
23. are?！皌he+形容詞?/?過(guò)去分詞”表示一類(lèi)人時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
?



（能力題）
1. In the last five years, Cao ______ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents.... （2022年全國(guó)甲卷）
2. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that _____ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase the effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. (2022年全國(guó)新高考I卷)
3. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___ ___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(資產(chǎn))for future generations”. (2022年全國(guó)新高考I卷)
4. Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ______ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.(2019·新課標(biāo)I卷)
5. It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared and a BMI of between 19 and __ (consider) healthy.(2021年1月浙江卷）
6. Mary’s niece wrote, “The little home ________（paint） white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it.”（2021年6月浙江卷）
7. The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased by 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men.（2021年1月浙江卷）
8. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it _________(mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon __________ (construct).”(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)
9. The artist was sure he would ________(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.(2020?新課標(biāo)Ⅲ）
10. The parts of a museum open to the public _________ (call) galleries or rooms. （2020?山東卷）
11. Farming produced more food per person than hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. And, as more children were born, more food ________(need).（2020?浙江卷）
12. Chinese New Year is a celebration marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ________ (carry) special significance.（2020?新課標(biāo)Ⅱ）
13. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection _________ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.（2020?山東卷）
14. On the last day of our week-long stay, we _____ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals. (2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)
15. Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six______ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. (2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)
16. While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it______ (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. (2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)
17. I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.(2018·浙江卷)
18. When fat and salt ____________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. Fast food is full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. (2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)
19. Steam engines __________ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)
20. Sarah _________ (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. (2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)
答案解析
1. has walked【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在過(guò)去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34個(gè)國(guó)家，2016年，他到達(dá)了乞力馬扎羅山頂，這是非洲最高的山峰。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in the last five years可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)Cao為第三人稱單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填has walked。
2. were【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。設(shè)空處在that引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作謂語(yǔ)，先行詞為a significant number of areas，先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，根據(jù)“previously (之前地)”可知從句講的是過(guò)去未受保護(hù)，所以要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，根據(jù)主謂一致，從句主語(yǔ)復(fù)數(shù)，從句謂語(yǔ)復(fù)數(shù)形式。本句句意：該計(jì)劃將把保護(hù)范圍擴(kuò)大到大量以前未受保護(hù)的地區(qū)，將許多現(xiàn)有的大熊貓保護(hù)區(qū)納入一個(gè)管理機(jī)構(gòu)，以提高效率，減少管理上的不一致性。故填were。
3. is designed【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語(yǔ)，和句子的主語(yǔ)The GPNP之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系；敘述客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故設(shè)空處應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)單數(shù)形式。本句句意：GPNP旨在體現(xiàn)“保護(hù)自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的真實(shí)性和完整性，維護(hù)生物多樣性，保護(hù)生態(tài)緩沖區(qū)，為子孫后代留下寶貴的自然資產(chǎn)”的指導(dǎo)原則。故填is designed。
4. are【解析】時(shí)態(tài)和考查主謂一致。根據(jù)three are declining，此處數(shù)詞six作主語(yǔ)，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填are。
5. is considered【解析】考查動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：它的計(jì)算方法是用一個(gè)人的體重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之間被認(rèn)為是健康的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子缺少謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)（a BMI）是單數(shù)，時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)和consider是表被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填is considered。
6. was painted【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：這個(gè)小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，The little home作主語(yǔ)。結(jié)合句意及常識(shí)可知，房子是“被漆”的，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；根據(jù)上文的was built可知，此處為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)；一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)是was/were+過(guò)去分詞；主語(yǔ)The little home是單數(shù)第三人稱，所以要用was，提示詞paint的過(guò)去分詞形式是painted。故填was painted。
7. Was；is constructed【解析】考查主謂一致和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子缺少謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)（gain）是單數(shù)，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填was。
8. means【解析】 考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：“這真的使科學(xué)家們激動(dòng)，”布朗大學(xué)的一位科學(xué)家Carle Pieters說(shuō)：“因?yàn)樗馕吨覀冇袡C(jī)會(huì)獲得月球是如何構(gòu)造的信息?！备鶕?jù)上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此處也使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是it，所以空處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式means，故填means。
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意同上。分析句子可知，此處是賓語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，謂語(yǔ)construct與主語(yǔ)the moon之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，再由上下文可知此處應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)the moon是單數(shù)，故填is constructed。
9. be chosen【解析】考查動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：畫(huà)家確信他會(huì)被選中，但是當(dāng)他把他的杰作送給皇帝的宰相時(shí)，這位老人笑了。本句中主語(yǔ)he與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞choose構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且would后跟動(dòng)詞原形。故填be chosen。
10. are called【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:博物館對(duì)公眾開(kāi)放的部分被稱為畫(huà)廊或展廳。此處描述的是客觀使用，應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)與call是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，且主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)概念。故填are called。
11. was needed【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：隨著越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。分析句子，邏輯主語(yǔ)和need之間表示被動(dòng)邏輯。同時(shí)此處描述的是過(guò)去的時(shí)間，所以時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)。故此處應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。food為不可數(shù)名詞。故填was needed。
12. carries【解析】 考查主謂一致。句意：這就是為什么用植物、水果和鮮花裝飾具有特殊意義的原因。這是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，從句主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。故填carries。
13. is【解析】考查主謂一致。句意:通常，博物館只展出一小部分藏品。此處描述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)a small part of a museum’s collection是單數(shù)概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，且后面的Most of it is stored away or used for research.中的is也是提示。故填is。
14. were invited【解析】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。根據(jù)句意：我們被邀請(qǐng)去參加一場(chǎng)私人音樂(lè)會(huì)，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)為we，故填were invited。
15. are【解析】考查主謂一致。根據(jù)three are declining，此處數(shù)詞six作主語(yǔ)，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填are。
16. is 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。醫(yī)學(xué)報(bào)告顯示：跑步比散步、騎車(chē)和游泳更能有效地延長(zhǎng)壽命。這里敘述的是一個(gè)事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)是it，要用第三人稱單數(shù)。故填is。
17. was shocked. 【解析】考查形容詞。此處表示我感到很震驚。shock的主語(yǔ)是I,用形容詞和系動(dòng)詞組成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，系動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。故填was shocked。
18. are removed 【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)脂肪和鹽分從食物中被去掉。分析可知fat，salt和move之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，脂肪和鹽分是兩種東西，且是被人們?nèi)サ簦杂帽粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填are removed。
19. were used【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，此處表示過(guò)去的被動(dòng)，故填were used。
20. was told / has been told 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可判斷出謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)形式，又因主語(yǔ)Sarah是第三人稱單數(shù)，故填was told / has been told


（真題/新題）

模塊綜合練08 (2021浙江7月)
一、 閱讀理解
A
Leslie Nielsen’s childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star in his life — his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career (職業(yè)) in acting. Even though he often felt he would be discovered to be a no-talent, he moved forward, gaining a scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhouse and making his first television appearance a few years later in 1948. However, becoming a full-time, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight years until he landed a number of film roles that finally got him noticed.
But even then, what he had wasn’t quite what he wanted. Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. It wasn’t until 1980 — 32 years into his career — that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly.
Did Nielsen then feel content in his career? Yes and no. He was thrilled to be doing the comedy that he always felt he should do, but even during his last few years, he always had a sense of curiosity, wondering what new role or challenge might be just around the comer. He never stopped working, never retired.
Leslie Nielsen’s devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring. He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life.
1．Why did Nielsen want to be an actor?
A．He enjoyed watching movies. B．He was eager to earn money.
C．He wanted to be like his uncle. D．He felt he was good at acting.
2．What do we know about Nielsen in the second half of his career?
A．He directed some high quality movies. B．He avoided taking on new challenges.
C．He focused on playing dramatic roles. D．He became a successful comedy actor.
3．What does Nielsen’s career story tell us?
A．Art is long, life is short. B．He who laughs last laughs longest.
C．It’s never too late to learn. D．Where there’s a will there’s a way.
B
We live in a town with three beaches. There are two parts less than 10 minutes’ walk from home where neighborhood children gather to play. However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen — any screen — and stare at it for hours. They are not alone. Today's children spend an average of four and a half hours a day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet.
In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to counter this trend. A couple of years ago film-maker David Bond realised that his children, then aged five and three, were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say “chocolate” into his three-year-old son’s ear without getting a response. He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type, appointed himself “marketing director from Nature”. He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the World Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.
“Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference,” David Bond says. “There is a lot of really interesting evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will be on habit for life.” His own children have got into the habit of playing outside now: “We just send them out into the garden and tell them not to come back in for a while.”
Summer is upon us. There is an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it. Let us get them out and let them play.
4．What is the problem with the author’s children?
A．They often annoy their neighbours. B．They are tired of doing their homework.
C．They have no friends to play with D．They stay in front of screens for too long.
5．How did David Bond advocate his idea?
A．By making a documentary film. B．By organizing outdoor activities.
C．By advertising in London media. D．By creating a network of friends.
6． Which of the following can replace the underlined word “charts” in paragraph 2?
A．records B．predicts C．delays D．confirms
7．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Let Children Have Fun B．Young Children Need More Free Time
C．Market Nature to Children D．David Bond: A Role Model for Children
C
If you ever get the impression that your dog can "tell" whether you look content or annoyed, you may be onto something. Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces, according to a new study
Researchers trained a group of 11 dogs to distinguish between images(圖像)of the same person making either a happy or an angry face. During the training stage, each dog was shown only the upper half or the lower half of the person's face. The researchers then tested the dogs' ability to distinguish between human facial expressions by showing them the other half of the person's face on images totally different from the ones used in training. The researchers found that the dogs were able to pick the angry or happy face by touching a picture of it with their noses more often than one would expect by random chance.
The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage. "We can rule out that the dogs simply distinguish between the pictures based on a simple cue, such as the sight of teeth," said study author Corsin Muller. "Instead, our results suggest that the successful dogs realized that a smiling mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes, and the same rule applies to an angry mouth having the same meaning as angry eyes."
"With our study, we think we can now confidently conclude that at least some dogs can distinguish human facial expressions," Muller told Live Science.
At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans. "To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with humans, which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expressions," and this exposure has provided them with many chances to learn to distinguish between them, Muller said.
8．The new study focused on whether dogs can_________.
A．distinguish shapes B．make sense of human faces
C．feel happy or angry D．communicate with each other
9．What can we learn about the study from paragraph 2?
A．Researchers tested the dogs in random order.
B．Diverse methods were adopted during training.
C．Pictures used in the two stages were different
D．The dogs were photographed before the lest.
10．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．A suggestion for future studies. B．A possible reason for the study findings.
C．A major limitation of the study D．An explanation of the research method.
二、七選五
You've got mail…and it's a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China's Great Wall. ___11___
"I often send postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, "but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it ___12___ ” Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo's hunch（直覺(jué)）paid off.
Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing.com, a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. ___13___ Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job.
Language is certainly a harrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it. ___14___ So a common language is required and in postcrossing that's English since it's widely spoken.
"Many people in China have limited exposure to English. ___15___ That said, we know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing," Paulo says.
A．And that's totally fine
B．That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it
C．He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby
D．Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E．On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F．Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G．In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
三、完形填空
My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her ___16___ and visit the doctor, providing ___17___ and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to ___18___ some small things she needs.
Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she was ___19___ about three dollars. The only ___20___ to pay for the groceries was to take off the ___21___ she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol（醫(yī)用酒精）and a bar of soap. By taking of these, she was able to ___22___ the new total to the amount of cash she had with her.
At this store, people ___23___ and then go off to the side to ___24___ their own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a ____25____ came up to her and said, "Here are the things that you ____26____ ." handing her the rubbing alcohol and the ____27____ . My mother, who is never speechless, was speechless. She ____28____ for the woman's name and address so that she could ____29____ her. The woman told her it was her ____30____ .
My mother was so ____31____ by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier（收銀員）a five-dollar bill to keep on hand ____32____ the same happened to someone else if they didn't have enough ____33____ for all of their groceries.
So, whoever you are, thank you for the random act of ____34____ that not only helped my mother out, but ____35____ too.
16．A．exercise B．housework C．cooking D．shopping
17．A．reward B．medicine C．company D．shelter
18．A．return B．collet C．order D．buy
19．A．short B．cautious C．wrong D．concerned
20．A．a(chǎn)im B．way C．a(chǎn)dvice D．reason
21．A．weight B．things C．mask D．glasses
22．A．raise B．a(chǎn)dd C．bring D．switch
23．A．show up B．call in C．check out D．sit down
24．A．store B．select C．deliver D．bag
25．A．stranger B．cashier C．friend D．doctor
26．A．looked for B．talked about C．threw away D．put back
27．A．receipt B．soap C．cash D．bottle
28．A．a(chǎn)sked B．waited C．cared D．searched
29．A．repay B．trust C．recognize D．help
30．A．luck B．chance C．gift D．turn
31．A．surprised B．a(chǎn)mused C．touched D．convinced
32．A．in case B．even if C．a(chǎn)s though D．so that
33．A．energy B．money C．space D．time
34．A．faith B．courage C．kindness D．honor
35．A．made her day B．changed her mind C．caught her eye D．met her demand
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ___36___ （prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored（修復(fù)）to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it ___37___ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___38___ （marry）ceremony in 1842.
When the house was built, it was much ___39___ （small）than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, "The little home ___40___ （paint）white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ___41___ （she）, everything in good taste and in perfect order.
Although Mary loved flowers, ___42___ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over ___43___ （plant）flowers in the front yard.
___44___ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and ____45____ （sell）most of their furniture.
參考答案：
【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Leslie Nielsen的演藝生涯。
1．C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章第一段“his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career in acting. (他的叔叔，是一位著名的演員。Nielsen的叔叔所贏得的欽佩和尊重激勵(lì)他走上了演藝事業(yè))”可知，Nielsen想當(dāng)演員的原因是想像他叔叔一樣。故選C項(xiàng)。
2．D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章第二段“That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly. (這部電影使他進(jìn)入了職業(yè)生涯的后半段，即使影評(píng)人對(duì)這部電影評(píng)價(jià)不高，但僅僅憑他的喜劇表演就可以使這部電影獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)上的成功)”可知，在Nielsen職業(yè)生涯的后半段，他成了一個(gè)成功的喜劇演員。故選D項(xiàng)。
3．D 推理判斷題。通讀全文，再結(jié)合文章最后一段“He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life. (他憑借平凡的努力和決心建立了一個(gè)非常成功的事業(yè)。他告訴我們，即使是只有一個(gè)愿望，永不放棄，也能成就非凡的人生)”可推知，Nielsen的職業(yè)經(jīng)歷告訴我們：有志者事竟成。故選D項(xiàng)。
【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了電影制作人David Bond為了讓孩子們遠(yuǎn)離屏幕，拍攝自己的旅行，并將自然當(dāng)作一個(gè)品牌，推銷(xiāo)給年輕人。
4．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen — any screen — and stare at it for hours. (然而，我的孩子們放學(xué)后想做的是拿起一個(gè)屏幕——任何屏幕——盯著它看幾個(gè)小時(shí))”可知，作者的孩子在屏幕前呆的時(shí)間太長(zhǎng)了。故選D項(xiàng)。
5．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marked to young people. (他記錄了他的旅程，他開(kāi)始把大自然當(dāng)作一個(gè)品牌，讓年輕人看到)”可知，David Bond通過(guò)拍一個(gè)紀(jì)錄片宣傳他的想法。故選A項(xiàng)。
6．A詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“a film”可知，本句主語(yǔ)是一部電影，下文“the birth of the World Network (世界網(wǎng)絡(luò)的誕生)”解釋了這部電影的主旨。由此推知，劃線詞charts意為“記錄、描繪”，與“records”意思一致。故選A項(xiàng)。
7．C主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中的“He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the World Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature. (他把自己的旅行記錄下來(lái)，開(kāi)始把自然當(dāng)作一個(gè)品牌，推銷(xiāo)給年輕人。其結(jié)果是Project Wild Thing，一部記錄了World Network (世界網(wǎng)絡(luò))誕生的電影，World Network (世界網(wǎng)絡(luò))是以讓孩子們接觸大自然為共同目標(biāo)的團(tuán)體)”可推知，本文主要講述了電影制作人David Bond為了讓孩子們遠(yuǎn)離屏幕，拍攝自己的旅行，并將自然當(dāng)作一個(gè)品牌，推銷(xiāo)給年輕人。由此可知，C項(xiàng)Market Nature to Children(把自然推銷(xiāo)給年輕人)適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。
【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)研究證明狗能夠識(shí)別人類(lèi)的面部表情，但目前還不清楚它們?yōu)槭裁从羞@種能力，可能的原因是它們長(zhǎng)時(shí)間與人類(lèi)共同生活。
8．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Researchers trained a group of 11 dogs to distinguish between images of the same person making either a happy or an angry face.(研究人員訓(xùn)練了11只狗來(lái)區(qū)分同一個(gè)人臉上的表情是高興還是憤怒)”可知，該新研究的關(guān)注點(diǎn)是狗是否能夠區(qū)分人的面部表情。故選B。
9．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“During the training stage, each dog was shown only the upper half or the lower half of the person’s face. The researchers then tested the dogs’ ability to distinguish between human facial expressions by showing them the other half of the person’s face or images totally different from the ones used in training.(在訓(xùn)練階段，每只狗只看到人臉的上半部分或下半部分。研究人員隨后測(cè)試了狗辨別人類(lèi)面部表情的能力，向狗展示了人的另一半面部或與訓(xùn)練中使用的完全不同的圖像)”可知，在訓(xùn)練和測(cè)試階段，狗看的照片是不一樣的。故選C。
10．B主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的““To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with humans, which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expressions, and this exposure has provided them with many chances to learn to distinguish between them” Muller said.(Muller說(shuō)：“對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，最可能的解釋似乎是，基于他們與人類(lèi)生活在一起，這讓他們有很多機(jī)會(huì)接觸人類(lèi)的面部表情，而這種接觸為他們提供了很多機(jī)會(huì)，讓他們學(xué)會(huì)區(qū)分他們?！?”可知，最后一段主要講述了狗能夠辨別人類(lèi)面部表情的可能原因。故選B。
【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了Paulo Magalhaes創(chuàng)建postcrossing.com的過(guò)程及其現(xiàn)狀。Paulo Magalhaes非常喜歡明信片但是苦于身邊沒(méi)有與他志趣相投的人，于是他開(kāi)始從網(wǎng)上尋求志同道合的人，因而創(chuàng)立了postcrossing.com。隨著公司在全球不斷壯大，語(yǔ)言成為溝通的主要障礙，后來(lái)英語(yǔ)被選為共同語(yǔ)言方便大家交流。
11．G上文“Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored image of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China’s Great Wall.( 34歲的葡萄牙電腦工程師Paulo Magalhaes喜歡打開(kāi)他的郵箱，然后發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)色彩鮮艷的羅馬斗牛場(chǎng)圖像?；蛘叻侵薜木S多利亞瀑布。或者是中國(guó)的長(zhǎng)城)”介紹了Paulo喜歡明信片的個(gè)人愛(ài)好。下文“... and you realize that not everyone is into it.”說(shuō)明他身邊缺少與他志趣相投的人。選項(xiàng)G“In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a scribbled note from someone far away.(簡(jiǎn)而言之，他喜歡明信片，也喜歡收到遠(yuǎn)方某人潦草的便條時(shí)的那種興奮)”起到承上啟下的作用，總結(jié)了上文Paulo喜歡明信片，也引出下文關(guān)于他的喜好得不到回應(yīng)的問(wèn)題。故選G項(xiàng)。
12．A上文““I often send postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it(“我經(jīng)常給家人和朋友寄明信片， ”他說(shuō)，“但你可以想象，過(guò)一段時(shí)間，你收到的明信片不會(huì)像你寄的那么多，而且你意識(shí)到并不是每個(gè)人都喜歡這樣。”)”說(shuō)明Paulo意識(shí)到身邊的親人和朋友不是都和他有相同的愛(ài)好，因此他也很坦然接受這個(gè)事實(shí)，因此選項(xiàng)A“那完全沒(méi)問(wèn)題”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。
13．E上文“Today his hobby has evolved into the website Postcrossing.com, a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he launched it 10 years ago.(如今，他的這個(gè)愛(ài)好已經(jīng)發(fā)展成了Postcrossing.com這個(gè)社交網(wǎng)站。自從10年前他創(chuàng)建這個(gè)網(wǎng)站以來(lái)，已經(jīng)有來(lái)自214個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)的575217名注冊(cè)用戶)”是在介紹目前網(wǎng)站的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r，因此符合文意的只有E選項(xiàng)“8月5日，會(huì)員互贈(zèng)的明信片數(shù)量達(dá)到3100萬(wàn)張”是在介紹該網(wǎng)站相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)。故選E項(xiàng)。
14．F上文“As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it.(收到一張用中文寫(xiě)的明信片可能很酷，但如果你不理解它，這個(gè)概念就行不通)”是舉例說(shuō)明他國(guó)人收到中文明信片時(shí)的問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)F“Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card written in Swedish takes part of the fun away.(同樣地，如果你只會(huì)說(shuō)中文，收到瑞典語(yǔ)的卡片也會(huì)奪走一部分樂(lè)趣)”是舉例說(shuō)明中國(guó)人收到他國(guó)語(yǔ)言明信片時(shí)也會(huì)遇到相同的問(wèn)題。兩句相結(jié)合，符合結(jié)論句的語(yǔ)義要求，故選F項(xiàng)。
15．B上文“Many people in China have limited exposure to English.(許多中國(guó)人很少能接觸到英語(yǔ))”說(shuō)明對(duì)某些人來(lái)說(shuō)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的門(mén)檻較高。結(jié)合下文“... who actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing.(他們實(shí)際上通過(guò)使用明信片來(lái)提高他們的英語(yǔ)技能)”可知，寫(xiě)明信片成為一種練習(xí)英語(yǔ)的渠道。因此選項(xiàng)B “這使得學(xué)習(xí)和練習(xí)它變得格外困難 ”符合語(yǔ)境要求，說(shuō)明對(duì)一些人來(lái)說(shuō)學(xué)習(xí)和練習(xí)英語(yǔ)的難度較高，因?yàn)榍垒^少。故選B項(xiàng)。


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