?專題07 情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣
限時:( 35分鐘)

(基礎(chǔ)題)
一、單項選擇
1.I _________? to the party with you tomorrow if I didn’t have to attend the meeting.
A.Went B.had gone C.would go D.would have gone
2.【2018·江蘇】It’s?strange?that?he?_______ have?taken?the?books?without?the?owner’s?permission.
A.would B.should
C.could D.might
3.The soldier remembers everything exactly as if it_______ yesterday.
A.was happening B.happens C.has happened D.happened
4.He is always seeking excuses for the debt, but I'd rather he __________ it off as early as possible.
A.would pay B.would have paid C.had paid D.paid
5.If I ________ time,I would go to the park with my classmates.
A.have B.will have C.had D.have had
6.If I were given another chance, I ________ much better than I did last night.
A.will perform B.performed C.was performed D.would perform
7.Without gravity(重力), we ________ walk on the ground as freely as we do now.
A.couldn't B.mustn't C.shan't D.needn't
8.If the contest ________ tomorrow, I would probably go to see it.
A.is to take place B.were to take place
C.was taken place D.would take place
9.If there were not so many new words, the text ________ much easier.
A.will be B.would have been C.could have been D.would be
10.Aristotle proposed that teachers lead their students systematically, and that repetition ________as a key tool to develop good habits, unlike Socrates' emphasis on questioning his listeners to bring out their own ideas.
A.is used B.would be used C.should use D.be used
11.Some experts demanded that children ________ enough time for sleep and play.
A.give B.should give C.be given D.given
12.What a sunny day! How I wish I __________ on the beach enjoying the sunshine now!
A.were B.had been
C.would be D.should be
13.--- Do you feel like ________ out?
--- No. I’d rather we ________ the metro train.
A.to drive; take B.to drive; took C.driving; take D.driving; took
14.—Would you mind being charged for WeChat, Mary?
—Certainly. I ________WeChat if I had to pay now.
A.would drop B.will drop C.will have dropped D.would have dropped
15.Without coconuts, most of the tropical islands in the South Pacific ________ uninhabitable for both animals and people.
A.must have remained B.may have remained
C.need have remained D.would have remained
16.When the earthquake happened, it seemed ________the world were coming to an end.
A.that B.a(chǎn)s
C.if D.a(chǎn)s if
17.If he _____quietly as the doctor instructed, he wouldn’t suffer so much now.
A.lies B.lay C.had lain D.should lie
18.He suggested to Jane that she _____ the problem another way, and her expression suggested that she _____.
A.solve; agreed B.solve; agree
C.solved; should agree D.solved; agreed
19.________ he seen you yesterday, he _____________ your book.
A.Has; will have returned B.Had; will have returned
C.Had; would have returned D.Has; would have returned
20.________ the mistake in the beginning, the problem could have been prevented at its source.
A.Had not the company ignored B.If the company didn't ignore
C.Had the company not ignored D.Would the companynot ignore
21.My advice is _______ he _____ to go abroad for further education.
A.that, chooses B.that, chose C.that, choose D.what, should choose
22.The doctor insisted that I ______ a high fever and that I ______ a rest for a few days.
A.had; had B.have; have C.had; have D.have; had
23.Seeing her peers struggling for success and independence, Zhang yue offered her suggestion that they ________ seek guidance from expert consultants.
A.must B.should C.can D.shall
24.What an accident! If you ________ my advice, things would not be as they are now.
A.have taken B.had taken C.was taking D.took
25.The teacher requests he ________in homework every morning.
A.hand B.to hand C.hands D.handed
26.It is requested that the meeting ______ postponed.
A.be B.can be C.may be D.shall be
27.She required at the meeting that measures ________ to protect the environment which we rely on to live.
A.should take B.must take C.could be taken D.be taken
28.Sue likes going to the shops and always spends money ______ there was no tomorrow.
A.even if B.a(chǎn)s if C.a(chǎn)s long as D.a(chǎn)s soon as
29.She suggested not only ________to the English party but also sing a song in English.
A.did I go B.should I go C.I should go D.my going
30.If it ________ for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.
A.had not been B.should not be
C.were not D.should not have been
參考答案:
1.C【解析】考查虛擬語氣。
本句考查虛擬語氣。句意:如果我不必參加會議的話,我明天回和你去參加派對。根據(jù)句意可知與將來事實相反,從句用一般過去時,主句可用would do,所以C正確。
2.B【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:真奇怪,他竟然沒有主人的允許就拿走了這些書。在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中,其中由that引導的主語從句通常用“should+動詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣,其中的should可以省略。故選B。
點睛:本題考查虛擬語氣。It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that... 主語從句多數(shù)情況下用虛擬語氣,表達一種要求、命令或者責備、建議或主觀看法。但是如果只是表示陳述一個事實而不是強烈的感情,完全可以用一般的陳述語氣。試比較:It is strange that he had made a mistake.(陳述一個事實:他犯了錯誤讓人有點奇怪。)It is strange that he (should) have made a mistake. (虛擬語氣,說話者是在責備他本不應該犯錯。)
3.D【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:士兵完全記得一切,似乎它就發(fā)生在昨天。 as if意為“仿佛;好像”,其后的從句可出現(xiàn)虛擬語氣,表示與事實相反,句中remembers為一般現(xiàn)在時,故as if從句中用一般過去時表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣。故選D。
4.D【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:他總是在為債務找借口,但我寧愿他盡早還清。would rather后接賓語從句,謂語習慣上要用虛擬語氣,表示過去的愿望用過去完成時,表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿靡话氵^去時。本句表示對將來的愿望,故用一般過去時,謂語動詞用過去式。故選D項。
5.C【解析】考查虛擬語氣和時態(tài)。句意:如果我有時間,我會和我的同學去公園。分析句子,根據(jù)句意以及主句中would go可知,本句為虛擬語氣,虛擬現(xiàn)在,主句用過去將來時,條件狀語從句中用一般過去時,謂語動詞用過去式had。故選C。
6.D【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:如果再給我一次機會,我的表現(xiàn)會比昨晚好很多。分析可知,句子為if引導的虛擬條件句,是對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬,條件句用一般過去時,主句謂語用“would/should/might/could+動詞原形”,所以用would perform。故選D項。
7.A【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:沒有重力,我們不可能像現(xiàn)在這樣自由地在地上行走。A. couldn't不可能;B. mustn't禁止;C. shan't不應該;D. needn't 沒必要。由語意可知,本句為與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣,故句子謂語動詞的否定式要用wouldn't / couldn't/ shouldn't/ mightn't+動詞原形。故選A項。
8.B【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:如果競賽明天舉行,我可能去看。結(jié)合語境和下文的would go可知,此處為if引導的非真實條件句,與將來的事實相反用一般過去時,should+ 動詞原形,或者were to+動詞原形,take place無被動語態(tài),綜上。故選B。
9.D【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:如果沒有這么多新單詞的話,這篇文章將會簡單得多。分析可知,句子為虛擬條件句,表示對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬,條件句用一般過去時,主句用would/should/could/might+動詞原形,D選項符合題意。故選D項。
10.D【解析】考查虛擬語氣和被動語態(tài)。句意:亞里士多德建議教師系統(tǒng)地引導學生,重復是培養(yǎng)好習慣的關(guān)鍵工具,而不是蘇格拉底強調(diào)通過提問來引出自己的想法。分子句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,proposed表示“建議”,后面是兩個并列的賓語從句,從句謂語動詞使用 (should) do,should可以省略,排除A項和B項;repetition和use為被動關(guān)系,需用被動語態(tài),排除C項。故選D。
11.C【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:一些專家要求給孩子們足夠的時間睡覺和玩耍。動詞demand后接that從句時,從句中謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”,should可省略,孩子們和給時間是被動關(guān)系,用be+過去分詞。故選C。
12.A【解析】考查wish賓語從句中的虛擬語氣。句意:多么晴朗的一天??!我多么希望我現(xiàn)在在海灘上享受陽光!wish后面的賓語從句用虛擬語氣,此處與現(xiàn)在的事實相反,謂語動詞用一般過去時態(tài),be動詞,故選A。
【點睛】
動詞wish后接賓語從句時,從句謂語要用虛擬語氣。若要表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的愿望,從句謂語用一般過去時或過去進行時;若表示與過去相反的愿望,從句謂語用過去完成時或would / could+have +過去分詞;若表示將來沒有把握或不太可能實現(xiàn)的愿望,用would (could)+動詞原形。如:
I wish I were not so busy. 但愿我不那樣忙碌。
She wished she had stayed at home. 她后悔的是她當時要是留在家里就好了。
I wish you would go with us tomorrow. 要是你明天同我們一起去就好了。
13.D【解析】考查短語和虛擬語氣。句意:——你想開車出去嗎?——沒有。我寧愿我們坐地鐵。feel like doing sth.想要做某事。would rather后的從句用虛擬語氣,與現(xiàn)在事實相反,用一般過去時。故選D。
14.A【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:——瑪麗,你介意微信收費嗎?——當然介意。如果要我現(xiàn)在付錢的話,我會放棄微信。根據(jù)語境和后文now可知此處表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反:主句用would +動詞原形,從句動詞用過去式(be 通常用 were)。故選A。
15.D【解析】考查含蓄條件句。句意:如果沒有椰子的話,大多數(shù)南太平洋的熱帶島嶼對于人和動物而言都將會不適宜居住。本處考查含蓄條件句,這里從句可以用另外一種形式If there were no coconuts, 表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè),主句結(jié)構(gòu):主語+should(would, could, might)+現(xiàn)在完成時+其他。故選D。
【點睛】
在表示虛擬假設(shè)的虛擬語氣中,有時候假設(shè)的條件并不以條件句的形式表達出來,而是通過上下文或者句子的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系,這時候就是含蓄條件句,主要通過名詞,連接詞,不定式,分詞,介詞短語和分句來暗示,這里就是用短語without coconuts來暗示
16.D【解析】考查表語從句。句意:地震發(fā)生的時候,好像世界末日到了。A. that 連接詞,無意義;B. as 正如,像……一樣;C. if 是否;D. as if 似乎,好像。分析句子可知,此處引導一個表語從句,根據(jù)句意可知,從句使用虛擬語氣,所以應用as if 引導該從句,故選D項。
17.C【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:如果他按照醫(yī)生的指示安靜地躺著,他現(xiàn)在就不會那么痛苦了。根據(jù)句意,if引導的條件句,從句是對過去情況的一種假設(shè),主句是對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬,表明“他過去沒有聽醫(yī)生的,導致現(xiàn)在很痛苦”。從句表達對過去情況假設(shè)時,謂語用過去完成時態(tài)。故選C。
18.A【解析】考查虛擬語氣/賓語從句/時態(tài)。句意:他建議Jane用另一種方式解決這個問題,她的表情表明她同意了。suggest意為“建議”時,其后that引導的賓語從句的謂語應用should+動詞原形,should可以省略,所以排除C,D選項;suggest意為“表明”時,賓語從句用陳述語氣,時態(tài)與主句一致,由主句謂語suggested可知,時態(tài)為一般過去時,故選A項。
19.C【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:如果他昨天見到你,他會還你書的。根據(jù)句意可知,句子為與過去事實相反的假設(shè),應用虛擬語氣,主句應用“主語+should/would/could/might+have+過去分詞”,故空格二應用“would have returned”;從句應用“If+主語+had+過去分詞”,句中省略了If,這時要把had提到句首,變?yōu)榈寡b句式,故空格一應用“Had”,如不省略If,句子為“If he had seen you yesterday”。故選C項。
20.C【解析】考查虛擬語氣省略句的倒裝句。句意:如果公司在一開始沒有忽略這個錯誤,這個問題本來是可以從源頭上預防的。根據(jù)the problem could have been prevented at its source可知此處表示與過去事實相反的虛擬,即If the company had not ignored,此處省略了if,因此要用倒裝句,即要把助動詞提前到主語前面,否定詞not不能提前。故選C項。
【點睛】
本題考查了If的虛擬語氣中的對過去事實相反情況的省略形式。當從句中含有were/should/had的形式時,If可以省略,但句子應為倒裝形式,即were/should/had要提前置于句首。
1.對過去事實相反的情況:
If we had found him earlier, we could have saved his life.
要是我們當時早點找到他的話,我們就可以救活他。
→Had we found him earlier,we could have saved his life.
2.對現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦嵪喾吹那闆r:
If she were here, she would attend the meeting too.
如果她在這里,她也參加會議。
→Were she here, she would attend the meeting too.
3.對將來事實相反的的情況:
If it should rain tomorrow, we should have to stay at home.
若明天下雨,我們只好呆在家里。
→Should it rain tomorrow, we should have to stay at home.
注意:若遇到否定詞not時,不能與were/should/had縮略為Weren’t/Shouldn’t/Hadn’t而置于句首。如:
If I hadn’t warned you, you could have been killed.
正確:Had I not warned you, you could have been killed.
錯誤:Hadn’t I warned you, you could have been killed.
21.C【解析】考查表語從句和虛擬語氣。句意:我的建議是他應該選擇出國深造。chooses選擇;第一個設(shè)空處引導表語從句,從句不缺成份,應用只起連接作用的that;在advice后的表語從句應用虛擬語氣,謂語構(gòu)成是“should+動詞原形”should可省略,故第二個設(shè)空處應為(should) choose。故選C。
22.C【解析】考查虛擬語氣和時態(tài)。句意:醫(yī)生堅持說我發(fā)高燒,并堅持要求我休息幾天。分析可知,第一個空前的謂語insisted,意為“堅持認為”含義,之后賓語從句應是陳述句語氣,即:一般過去時;第二空前謂語insisted被省略,但意為“堅持要求”,之后賓語從句應是虛擬語氣,即:that+主語+(should)+動詞原形……。故選C項。
23.B【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:看到同齡人為成功和獨立而奮斗,張悅建議他們應該尋求專家顧問的指導。A.must必須;B.should應該;C.can能;D.shall將。分析句子可知,此句為同位語從句,that引導的從句是suggestion的具體內(nèi)容,從句使用should + 動詞原形,should可以被省略的虛擬語氣。故選B。
【點睛】
24.B【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:真是個意外!如果你聽了我的勸告,事情就不會像現(xiàn)在這樣了。根據(jù)句意可知,這是一個與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣,從句中謂語動詞應該用 had done 結(jié)構(gòu)had taken。故選B項。
25.A【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:老師要求他每天早上上交家庭作業(yè)。requests后面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣,謂語動詞用(should)+動詞原形。故選A項。
26.A【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:有人要求會議延期。request表示“要求”時,引導的that從句中要用虛擬語氣,其謂語動詞形式為 should + 動詞原形,其中 should 可以省略,主句中的時態(tài)不限。故選A。
【點睛】
后接虛擬語氣的常見詞
1)在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recommend 等表示“命令,決定,建議”等動詞以及由這些動詞引申的名詞或形容詞引導的 that 從句中,要用虛擬語氣,其謂語動詞形式為 should + 動詞原形,其中 should 可以省略,主句中的時態(tài)不限。
例如:He ordered that all the books be sent at once.
She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.
2)類似用法的還有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容詞;decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等名詞。其后引導的 that 從句均用虛擬語氣,其謂語動詞形式為 should + 動詞原形,其中 should 可以省略,主句中的時態(tài)不限。例如:
It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.
Their decision was that the school remain closed.
3)請注意,當這些詞語不是用于表示“命令,決定,建議”的含義時,所引導從句不用虛擬語氣。
27.D【解析】考查虛擬。句意:她在會議上要求采取措施保護我們賴以生存的環(huán)境。根據(jù)句意可知,動詞require“要求”,從句用虛擬即should+動詞原形,should可以省略。又measures和動詞take之間為被動關(guān)系,即should be taken,should可以省略,故選D項。
28.B【解析】考查連詞辨析。句意:蘇喜歡去商店買東西,總是像沒有明天一樣花錢。A.even if即使;B.as if好像;C.as long as只要;D.as soon as一......就......。從句使用的是虛擬語氣,結(jié)合句意可知,此處用as if引導狀語從句復合語境。故選B。
29.B【解析】考查虛擬語氣和部分倒裝。句意:她建議我不僅要去參加英語晚會,還要唱首英文歌曲。根據(jù)句子里的“suggested…but also sing”的結(jié)構(gòu)可知,首先要考慮suggest后面是賓語從句。根據(jù)句子意思可知,這里的suggest要翻譯成“建議”的意思,所以,后面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣,即從句謂語動詞要用“(should)+動詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu)。所以,陳述句的時候空格上應該填I(lǐng) should go。但是,在空格前面有not only,和后面的but also構(gòu)成固定搭配的并列連詞結(jié)構(gòu),當not only位于句首時,它后面的這個小分句要部分倒裝,即把謂語動詞里的助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/be動詞提到主語前面。根據(jù)虛擬句的要求,這個小分句的謂語動詞是“(should)+動詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu),有情態(tài)動詞should,所以倒裝的時候直接把should提到主語前面即可。故選B項。
30.A【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:要不是那天他的邀請,我現(xiàn)在就不會在這里了。A. had not been(過去完成時) B. should not be(情態(tài)動詞)C. were not(一般過去時態(tài)) D. should not have been(should not have done不應該做,但是做了)。主句“I should not be here now.”表達的是與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況;而根據(jù)if從句中表示過去的時間狀語 “the other day前些日子”可知,此處表達的應該是與過去事實相反的情況,所以要使用過去完成時。故選A項。


(能力題)
1. It used to be that you ________ drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere. (2021 天津)
2. —I honestly don’t think I’m going to be admitted.
—Well, you never know! You ________ (make) a better impression than you think. (2021 天津)
3. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot where it could ________ (send) signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. (2020 全國I)
4. When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he ________ find the legendary (傳奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. (2020 全國III)
5. Jim says we ________ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy. (2020 天津)
6. If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I ________ not be where I am. (2020 江蘇)
7. What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ (have) a good time together. (2019 江蘇)
8. The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ________ (accomplish) the task in half the time. (2019 天津)
9. In today’s information age, the loss of data ________ cause serious problems for a company. (2018 北京)
10. I can’t find my purse. I ________ have left it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure. (2018 天津)
11. If we ________ (catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now. (2018 天津)
12. There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I ________ (have) a second chance to become more involved. (2018 江蘇)
13. Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ________ easily reach the books on the top shelf. (2017 北京)
14. My room is a mess, but I ________ clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning. (2017 天津)
15. —Do you have Betty’s phone number?
—Yes, otherwise, I ________ (be) able to reach her yesterday. (2017 天津)
16. ________ (be) it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty. (2017 江蘇)
17. I love the weekend, because I ________ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. (2016 北京)
18. Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ________ (tell) me, I could have helped. (2016 北京)
19. It was really annoying; I ________ get access to the data bank you had recommended. (2016 天津)
20. If it ________ (be) for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now. (2016 江蘇)
21. It might have saved me some trouble ________ I known the schedule. (2015 江蘇)
22. I wish I ________ (be) at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then. (2015 天津)
23. It is lucky we booked a room, or we ________ (have) nowhere to stay now. (2015 安徽)
24. Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I ________ (dance) as well as her. (2015 陜西)
25. —Can’t you stay a little longer?
—It’s getting late. I really ________ go now. My daughter is home alone. (2015 北京)
1.could/might 句意:過去你可能開車數(shù)英里看不到一個人,但現(xiàn)在到處都是房子和人。根據(jù)句意和語境可知,這里介紹的是過去和現(xiàn)在的對比,表示“有可能”,故填could/might。
2.may have made句意:——老實說,我覺得我不會被錄取?!Γl知道呢!你給人的印象可能比你想象的要好。根據(jù)句意可知,此處表示的是有可能,故填may have made。
3.send 設(shè)空前是情態(tài)動詞could,情態(tài)動詞后跟動詞原形。故填send。
4.could 句意:當他問江岸邊的村民他在哪里可以找到這位傳奇的藝術(shù)家時,他們笑著指向江的下游。分析句意可知,設(shè)空處表達的是能夠做某事。時態(tài)為一般過去時,故填could。
5.can 句意:吉姆說只要我們保持干凈整潔,我們就可以待在他家里。根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,主句是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),介紹的是現(xiàn)在的情況,所以賓語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),故填can。
6.would/could/might/should 句意:如果我沒有面對這么多的障礙,我就不會是現(xiàn)在的我。分析句子成分可知,此處是錯綜時間虛擬語氣,根據(jù)空后where I am可知,此處是與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè),主句謂語動詞應使用would/could/might/should+do。故填would/could/might/should。
7.would have had 句意:真遺憾?。∧沐e過了這次游覽,否則我們就可以一起度過一段愉快的時光了。根據(jù)語境可知,并列連詞or在句中意為“否則,要不然”,為含蓄條件的一種表達方式,后面的句子與過去的事實相反,故用would have done的形式表達虛擬語氣。
8.would have accomplished 句意:工人們沒有被更好地組織起來,否則他們用一半的時間就能完成這項任務。表示對過去的虛擬,需用would have done的形式。
9.can 句意:在當今這個信息時代,對于一個公司來說,數(shù)據(jù)的丟失會造成嚴重的問題。根據(jù)句意可知,語境要體現(xiàn)的是一種理論上的可能性,且cause為動詞原形,因此用can符合語境。
10.could/might 句意:我找不到我的錢包了。我可能昨天把它落在超市了,但我不確定。設(shè)空處表示對過去事情的推測,且根據(jù)題干中的I’m not sure可推知此處表示不確定的推測,故用could/might表示“可能”。
11.had caught 句意:如果昨天我們趕上那趟航班,我們現(xiàn)在就會正在沙灘上享受我們的假期了。If從句表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè),其謂語動詞需用“had+過去分詞”形式。
12.had 句意:這個村子里的人們有良好的社交生活,我希望自己能再獲得一次機會去更多地參與其中。wish后面的賓語從句往往用虛擬語氣,此處表達現(xiàn)在的一個愿望,謂語動詞要用過去式,故填had。
13.can 句意:Samuel是我們班里最高的男孩,他可以輕松地夠到書架頂層的書。在一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)中,表示能力“可以,能夠”,應用can。
14.needn’t 句意:我的房間很亂,但是在今晚外出之前我不必打掃它,我可以早晨打掃。設(shè)空處表示“不必”,所以用needn’t。
15.wouldn’t have been 句意:——你有Betty的電話號碼嗎?——有,否則,昨天我就不能聯(lián)系到她了。設(shè)空處是對過去發(fā)生的事進行虛擬,應該用would have done,此處要用其否定形式。
16.Were 句意:沒有老師們的支持,這個學生不可能克服她的困難。根據(jù)題干中的the student could not overcome可知,語境是對現(xiàn)在事實的虛擬,be動詞在虛擬語氣中通常用were。當虛擬語氣中if引導的條件狀語從句省略了if時,從句部分應部分倒裝。
17.needn’t 句意:我愛周末,因為我不必在周六和周日早起。表示“不必”,應用needn’t。
18.had told 句意:你上周為什么不告訴我你遇到的麻煩?如果你告訴我,我本可以幫忙的。根據(jù)題干中的could have helped和last week可知,設(shè)空處為與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣,故為had told。
19.couldn’t 句意:真令人惱火。我不能進入你推薦的數(shù)據(jù)庫。結(jié)合句意和語境時態(tài)可知,本處表示的是“不能做某事”,故填couldn’t。
20.had not been/hadn’t been 句意:如果不是因為幾天前他的邀請,我現(xiàn)在是不會在這里的。根據(jù)句意可知,本句為錯綜條件句。主句和現(xiàn)在的事實相反,從句和過去的事實相反,因此從句謂語動詞應用過去完成時態(tài),故填had not been/hadn’t been。
21.had 句意:要是我知道安排的話,我可能會省一些事兒。此處為省略if的虛擬條件從句,had I known the schedule=if I had known the schedule。
22.had been 句意:要是上周二我參加了我姐姐的婚禮就好了,可是那時我正在紐約出差。wish后的賓語從句用過去完成時表示對過去情況的虛擬。
23.would have 句意:很幸運,我們預訂了一個房間,否則,我們現(xiàn)在就沒有地方可以住了。由句意可知or前面是真實的情況,or后面是與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè),故設(shè)空處應用would do形式。
24.danced 句意:Ellen是一個非常優(yōu)秀的舞者,我希望我能跳得和她一樣好。wish后面的賓語從句用一般過去時表示對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬。
25.must 句意:——難道你不能再多待一會兒嗎?——時間不早了。我確實得走了。我的女兒獨自一人在家。根據(jù)上下文可知,此處側(cè)重表示說話者的主觀看法,故填must(必須)。




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