?考點(diǎn)十 特殊句式
第一步 精準(zhǔn)刷題
(一)單句語(yǔ)法填空
1.(2022·浙江省山水聯(lián)盟高三聯(lián)考)After living in the space station core module Tianhe for 90 days, the spaceship returned as________ (plan).
2.(2022·全國(guó)卷大一輪)It is through responsibility, self-regulation and collective discipline________ Parisians will best help health workers in their fight against the epidemic.
3.(2022·福建省廈門第一中學(xué)高三月考)Though it was true that there were many people I was grateful to, I thought it was Mareya________ I should express my gratitude to here and now.
4.(2022·江蘇省如皋市高三調(diào)研)It was the spirit________ inspired Paul Hawken and a network of researchers to come up with the book, Drawdowns.
5.(2022·遼寧省大連市第一中學(xué)高三期中考試)There is no doubt________ Peyo has been fairly effective in reducing the anxiety of patients as well as their family members.
6.(2021·遼寧省六校協(xié)作體高三第一次聯(lián)考)While________ (talk) with flood-affected villagers on Tuesday, Xi said that Chinese people have accumulated valuable experience during the battles with disasters.
7.(2021·廣東省韶關(guān)市高三英語(yǔ)一模)While people who live in cities should not be alarmed, the study________ raise some interesting ideas for urban planners.
8.(2021·廣東深圳高三期中)Hardly________ he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.
9.(2021·江蘇無(wú)錫市高三月考)The book lists important information that people should consider________ planning a military action.
10.(2021·天津楊村一中一模)When________ (compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing many similarities,
11.(2022·江蘇省揚(yáng)州市寶應(yīng)中學(xué)高三檢測(cè))It wasn't until the 1990s________ restorative efforts really began to turn the building around.
12.(2022·湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市長(zhǎng)郡中學(xué)高三月考)So, next time you think about telling what you see as a harmless white lie to keep your child quiet or get them into bed, ________ (think) again.
13.(2022·山東省威海市高三期中考試)When________ (use),hot water is injected into the interlayer of the plate to keep the dishes warm.
14.(2021·河北五校聯(lián)盟新高三摸底考試)It was in the 1970s________ Yuan Longping achieved the breakthroughs that made him a household name.
15.(2021·江蘇儀征市第二中學(xué))Gone________ (be) the days of searching shop after shop for the perfect pair of boots.
16.(2021·天津耀華濱海學(xué)校適應(yīng)性考試)It was only after experiencing the failure________ he began to train seriously and he won the championship in the 400-meter freestyle a year later.
17.(2021·廣東深圳市南頭中學(xué))Stressful________ school life is, we still find it interesting.
18.(2022·廣東省高三階段性質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Among this year's unique suite offerings________ (be) the “Elephant in the Room”。
19.(2021·河北唐山市高三二模)Today, however, the majority of us bottle the words in our heads as if________ (sit) in a library.
20,(2021·天津南開中學(xué)高三模擬)Though________ (surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.
21,(2022·重慶市第八中學(xué)高三摸底考試題)If you're looking to maximize the amount of fat burned in your next workout, ________ (think) about having a coffee half an hour before you get started.
22.(2021,河南林州一中開學(xué)考試)- ________ exciting news it is! Disneyland in Shanghai has opened to the public!
-________ it is. We plan to go there this summer holiday.
23.(2021·天津一中一模)The manner in which a telephone is answered gives the image of the organization, so________ (be) polite and pleasant when answering the telephone.
24.(2022·江蘇省常州市高三摸底考試)It________ (be)Mom who taught me the valuable lesson that summer.
25.(2022·江蘇省南京師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)秦淮科技高中高三摸底測(cè)試)Then________ (come) my decision to get into shape by eating less junk food and taking regular exercise.
26.(2022·湖北省武漢市部分重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高三聯(lián)考)It was the exploring around problems and his dynamic spirit________ led to his most famous invention-the telephone in 1876.
27.(2022·湖北新高考9+N聯(lián)盟高三聯(lián)考)If________ (elect),I will spare no effort to serve you all so that you can enjoy English learning.
28.(2022·廣東深圳羅湖區(qū)高三第一次質(zhì)量檢測(cè))It wasn't until my first year in college________ I finally got honorable mention in a poetry contest.
29.(2022·湖北荊門高三開學(xué)摸底考試)Here________ (be) four suggestions that can help you stand out.
30.(2022·福建省泉州科技中學(xué)高三期中考試)Had we________ nothing, Timothy would have spent the holiday in our bellies.
答案:
1.planned [句意：在空間站核心艙“天河”中生活90天后，飛船按計(jì)劃返回。在when, while, if, as if, though(或 although),as, until, once, whether, unless, where等連詞連接的狀語(yǔ)從句中，常省略跟主句相同的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞，或者省略作主語(yǔ)的it和be動(dòng)詞。結(jié)合句意可知，“as_____（plan)”是方式狀語(yǔ)從句，原句為“as it was planned
”，符合狀語(yǔ)從句省略條件，省略it was后，應(yīng)保留過(guò)去分詞planned.故填 planned.]
2.that [此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是方式狀語(yǔ)。故填that. ]
3.that/who［此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)Mareya,指人。故填 that/who. ]
4.that［“It is/was”+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分＋that(強(qiáng)調(diào)人可用who)＋句子其他部分”為強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本句型，此處對(duì)主語(yǔ) the spirit 進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。故填 that.]
5.that［句意：毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，佩約在減輕患者及其家人的焦慮方面相當(dāng)有效。此處使用了 there is no doubt that...,意為“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)”，故填 that.]
6.talking [主句的主語(yǔ)和從句的主語(yǔ)一致且含有be動(dòng)詞的某種形式，while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中可以省略主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞，完整從句為“while he was talking with flood-affected villagers on Tuesday”，本句中省略了he和was.故填 talking.]
7.does [句意：雖然居住在城市的人不應(yīng)該感到驚慌，但這項(xiàng)研究確實(shí)為城市規(guī)劃者提出了一些有趣的想法。本句強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞raise,且陳述客觀事實(shí)。故填does.]
8.had [此處為固定句式hardly...when...“－·就··.·”；從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，當(dāng)hardly位于句子開頭時(shí)，主句需部分倒裝，將助動(dòng)詞had提到主語(yǔ)的前面。故填had.]
9.when [句意：這本書列出了人們?cè)谟?jì)劃軍事行動(dòng)時(shí)應(yīng)該考慮的重要信息。此處是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，省略了從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處表示“當(dāng)··.·時(shí)”，可用 when引導(dǎo)。故填when.]
10.comparing [句意：當(dāng)比較不同的文化的時(shí)候，我們通常注意到它們之間的區(qū)別而沒有注意到它們之間的相似。當(dāng)從句省略主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，暗指的主語(yǔ)必須和主句的主語(yǔ)一致，compare 與主語(yǔ)we構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，使用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞，且與主句動(dòng)作pay attention to同時(shí)發(fā)生，用一般式。故填 comparing.]
11.that [句意；直到20世紀(jì)90年代，重建工作才真正開始扭轉(zhuǎn)這座建筑的局面。此處為not until的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，結(jié)構(gòu)為“It is/was not until＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that+其他”，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間 the 1990s,故填 that. ]
12.think [next time引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，設(shè)空處為主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，且為祈使句，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。故填think.]
13.used [句意：使用時(shí)，熱水注入盤子的夾層，以保持盤子的溫度。根據(jù)句意可知，熱水是被使用，when后的從句為狀語(yǔ)從句的省略；在狀語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)是it且含be動(dòng)詞的某種形式的時(shí)候，常省去it be故填used.]
14.that [句意：正是在20世紀(jì)70年代，袁隆平取得了一些突破，使他成為家喻戶曉的人物。此處為固定句型“It+is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who+其他部分”，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間，應(yīng)用that.故填that.]
15.are [句意：逛一家家商店找一雙完美靴子的日子已經(jīng)一去不復(fù)返了。此句為倒裝句，主語(yǔ)是the days，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)，描述一般事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填are.]
16.that [句意：在經(jīng)歷了失敗后，他開始認(rèn)真訓(xùn)練，并在一年后贏得了400米自由泳冠軍。此處考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句，結(jié)構(gòu)為：被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who(強(qiáng)調(diào)人時(shí)可用who)+其他，該句被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為狀語(yǔ)。故填that. ]
17.as/though [句意：雖然學(xué)校生活很有壓力，但我們?nèi)匀挥X得它很有趣。as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句必須將表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)提前。本句的結(jié)構(gòu)為：形容詞＋as/though+主語(yǔ)＋動(dòng)詞。故填as/though. ]
18.is [句意：今年獨(dú)特的套房產(chǎn)品之一就是“大象在房中”。地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) Among this year's unique suite offerings 位于句首，使用完全倒裝，主語(yǔ) the “Elephant in the Room”是單數(shù)。故填is. ]
19.sitting [句意：然而，今天，我們大多數(shù)人都像坐在圖書館里一樣把這些話裝在腦子里。as if引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)一致，省略了從句的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞，完整的從句是“as were sitting in a library”。故填 sitting.]
20.surprised [句意：教授見到我們雖然很驚訝，但還是熱情地歡迎了我們。be surprised to do sth“對(duì)做某事很驚訝”，在though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致且含有be的某種形式時(shí)，可省略從句的主語(yǔ)和be,從句完整形式為：Though he was surprised to see us.故填 surprised.]
21.think [句意：如果你想在下一次鍛煉中最大限度地燃燒脂肪，可以考慮在開始鍛煉前半小時(shí)喝杯咖啡。設(shè)空前是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，設(shè)空后是主句，為祈使句式，用動(dòng)詞原形。故填think.]
22.What;So [句意：－這是個(gè)多么令人興奮的消息啊！上海迪士尼樂園已經(jīng)對(duì)外開放了?。拇_如此。我們計(jì)劃今年暑假去那里。設(shè)空句中涉及感嘆句型“What形容詞＋不可數(shù)名詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)”，news“消息”，為不可數(shù)名詞，故第一空填What;再看設(shè)空二，句中表示說(shuō)話者對(duì)前句提到的情況或事實(shí)表示贊同，應(yīng)用“
“so+主語(yǔ)＋助動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞／系動(dòng)詞”，意為“確實(shí)如此”。故填What; So.]
23.be［句意：接聽電話的方式會(huì)給人留下對(duì)整個(gè)團(tuán)體的印象，所以接聽電話時(shí)要禮貌、和善。so為連詞，此處是祈使句，用動(dòng)詞原形。故填be.]
24.was［本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)象為Mom, be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為單數(shù)，結(jié)合后文的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞taught可知，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填was. ]
25.comes［then位于句首，采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。陳述一種事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填comes. ]
26. that［句意；正是這種對(duì)問(wèn)題的探索和他充滿活力的精神，促成了他在1876年的最著名的發(fā)明－－電話。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)為＂It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他”，去掉 It wan 和設(shè)空處，是一個(gè)完整的句子。故填 that ]
27.elected [此處為狀語(yǔ)從旬的省略，完整形式為If I was elected.故填 elected.]
28.thai［句意：直到大學(xué)一年級(jí)，我終于在一次詩(shī)歌比賽中獲得優(yōu)秀獎(jiǎng)?！癐t was nod until ...that ...”是not until 的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。故填that.]
29.are［本句為完全倒裝，主語(yǔ) four suggestions 表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填are.]
30.done [本句運(yùn)用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣的省略和創(chuàng)裝句式，計(jì)省略，助動(dòng)詞提前，狀語(yǔ)從句原本為 If we had done nothing,故填 done.]
(二)單句表達(dá)
1.(2021·江蘇鹽城月考)-是什么讓你兒子今天心情不好？
-不讓他看他最喜歡的卡通片《狗狗巡邏隊(duì)》。
-________________________ makes your son feel blue today?
-Being forbidden to watch his favourite cartoon Paw Patrol.
2.(2021·江蘇南京師大附中第二學(xué)期檢測(cè))-新的挑戰(zhàn)伴隨著這個(gè)新年到來(lái)了。
-當(dāng)然。全球經(jīng)濟(jì)仍存在不確定性，許多國(guó)家將繼續(xù)掙扎。
-With this New Year________________________.
-Sure. Global economy remains uncertain, and many countries continue to struggle.
3.(2022·山東省濟(jì)寧市實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高三摸底考試)這次活動(dòng)受到了高度評(píng)價(jià)，因?yàn)樗粌H為我們提供了鍛煉的機(jī)會(huì)，而且讓我們更加團(tuán)結(jié)。
The activity was highly spoken of, because not only________________________ to exercise, but also made us more united.
4.(2022·重慶南開中學(xué)高三檢測(cè))他擁抱了迪倫，好像在說(shuō)“l(fā)ong time no see”(好久不見)－是的，一頭驢可以擁抱他－但不會(huì)把他撞得失去平衡。
He hugged Dylan________________________ “l(fā)ong time no see"-yes, a donkey can hug-without knocking him off balance.
5.(2022·福建省廈門市外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校高三期中考試)他剛一拿起藥箱，我們就沖回到橡樹樁。
Hardly________________________ the medicine box when we rushed back to the oak stump.
6.(2022·浙江省高三百校聯(lián)考)盡管它可能很嚴(yán)重，但如果我們都立即以正確的方式采取行動(dòng)，欺凌是可以停止的。
Serious________________________， bullying can be stopped if we all take action against it immediately in a correct way.
7.(2021·天津市天津中學(xué)高三月考)在那以前，她從來(lái)沒有看到一個(gè)和羅伯特一樣網(wǎng)球打得那么好的人。
Never before________________________ anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.
8.(2021·北京首師大附中高三第一次月考)北京提供這么多有趣的地方，以至于游客還沒看完就沒時(shí)間了。
So________________________ Beijing offer that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.
9.(2022·重慶南開中學(xué)高三第一次質(zhì)量檢測(cè))就在那時(shí)，我意識(shí)到，我不需要看手帕或夾克來(lái)記住他。
It was then________________________ I didn't need to see the handkerchief or jacket to remember him.
10.(2022·江蘇南通高三階段性檢測(cè))如果不是在高速公路上拐錯(cuò)了彎，我現(xiàn)在就會(huì)和朋友們?cè)谝黄鸪燥埩恕?br /> Had________________________ for the wrong turning on the high way, I would be having dinner with my friends now.
11.(2022·江蘇清江中學(xué)高三模擬)您夢(mèng)寐以求的上海迪士尼樂園是在2016年6月向公眾開放的嗎？
which you________________________ have been dreaming of visiting was opened to the public?
12.(2022·山東省師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高三摸底考試)我為此感到很難過(guò)，悲傷和尷尬。
I felt so bad about it, ________________________.
13.(2022·山東省濟(jì)寧市實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高三摸底考試)教師的在線指導(dǎo)比其他欄目更有優(yōu)勢(shì)。
________________________ has an advantage over the other columns.
14.(2022·遼寧撫順一中摸底考試)他剛讀完，在舒展身體，一個(gè)圖書管理員就走進(jìn)了房間。
No sooner________________________，stretching out than a librarian entered the room.
15.(2022·廣東深圳羅湖區(qū)高三第一次質(zhì)量檢測(cè))只有這樣，他們才能更好地利用這些知識(shí)。
Only in that way________________________ better use.
答案:
1.What is it that
2.come new challenges
3.did it provide chance for us
4.as if saying
5.had he carried
6.as/though it may be
7.has she seen
8. much of interest does
9.that I realized
10.it not been
11.Was it in June 2016 that Shanghai Disneyland
12.sad and embarrassed
13.It is the teacher's guide online that
14.had he finished reading
15.can they put the knowledge to
(三)翻譯
1.(2021·廣東省韶關(guān)市高三上學(xué)期期中考試)此外，當(dāng)你在中國(guó)旅行時(shí)，你很可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)飲食方式的一些差異。
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2.(2022·遼寧省六校高三聯(lián)考)更重要的是，它不僅可以使你知識(shí)淵博，還可以滿足你對(duì)中國(guó)歷史的興趣。
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3.(2022·廣東省廣州市第五中學(xué)高三月考)這些書不需要銷售收據(jù)。
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4.(2022·福建省廈門第一中學(xué)高三檢測(cè))也是Mareya 創(chuàng)造了Franky,這只可愛的大象幫助我克服恐懼。
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5.(2022·湖北省武漢市部分學(xué)校高三質(zhì)量檢測(cè))然而，除了“美來(lái)自平衡和耐心”之外，幾乎沒有其他答案。
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答案:
1.Moreover,when traveling through China, you'll most likely pick up on a few differences in the way of eating food.
2.What's more, not only can it make you knowledgeable, but also it can satisfy your interest in Chinese history.
3.No sales receipt is required for these books.
4. And it was also Mareya who created Franky, the lovely elephant to help me overcome my fear.
5.Yet, hardly was there a different answer other than, beauty comes from balance and patience.

第二步 精深學(xué)習(xí)
[精講]
一、強(qiáng)調(diào)句
(一)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型
1.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及用法
(1)基本結(jié)構(gòu)
It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who+其他
(2)用法
該句型可用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等，但不能用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)定語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)。所強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分可以是單詞、短語(yǔ)，也可以是從句，但結(jié)構(gòu)必須完整。強(qiáng)調(diào)人時(shí)可用that或who來(lái)連接，強(qiáng)調(diào)事或物時(shí)只能用that連接。
【特別注意】判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的方法；如果把It is/was和who/that去掉，剩下的部分仍然是一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)及意義完整的句子，則該句就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。
2.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的疑問(wèn)句形式
(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問(wèn)句需要把is/was提前。其形式為Is/Was it＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who+其他
(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式為：特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋is/was it+ that＋其他
When was it that you called me yesterday?
你昨天是什么時(shí)候給我打電話的？
【特別注意】
當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。
I wonder who it was that told Jim the news.
我想知道是誰(shuí)告訴吉姆這個(gè)消息的。
3.含有 not until...結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型
It is/was not until+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that+其他
It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.
直到我來(lái)到這里，我才意識(shí)到這個(gè)地方不僅因?yàn)樗拿肋€因?yàn)樗奶鞖舛雒?br /> (二)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)
強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who+其他”不能用于強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)。需要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，用“助動(dòng)詞(do/does/did)＋動(dòng)詞原形”的形式。
If you have a job, do devote yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed.
如果你有一份工作，務(wù)必要全力以赴地去做，你終究會(huì)成功。
He did write to you last week.
上周他的確給你寫信了。
二、倒裝／反意疑問(wèn)句／there be句型
(一)完全倒裝
謂語(yǔ)完全置于主語(yǔ)之前，即完全倒裝。完全倒裝的結(jié)構(gòu)主要有三種：
1.表示地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間或運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞here, there, now, then, up, down, outside, downstairs, upstairs, away, off, in, out等置于句首，且主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，句子需要完全倒裝。其謂語(yǔ)通常不帶助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。
John opened the door. There stood a girl he had never seen before.
約翰打開門，一個(gè)他以前從未見過(guò)的女孩站在那里。
Now comes your turn.
現(xiàn)在該你了。
【特別注意】當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí)，句子的主謂不倒裝。
2.表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)，如 in the room, on the wall等置于句首，且主語(yǔ)是名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是be, lie, stand及sit等詞時(shí)，句子需要完全倒裝。
At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River lies Chongqing, one of the top ten largest cities in China.
在長(zhǎng)江和嘉陵江的交匯處，坐落著中國(guó)十大城市之一的重慶。
3.such置于句首時(shí)，句子需要完全倒裝。此句型中的such多被認(rèn)為是表語(yǔ)，所以such后的be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與其后“真正的主語(yǔ)”保持一致。
Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and one of the 20th century's greatest scientists.
這就是阿爾伯特，愛因斯坦，一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)樸的人，也是20世紀(jì)最偉大的科學(xué)家之一。
(二)部分倒裝
只把謂語(yǔ)的一部分(助動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)置于主語(yǔ)之前，即部分倒裝。
1.具有否定意義的副詞(never, not, neither, nor, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely, nowhere 等)或含否定詞的介詞短語(yǔ)(at no time, by no means, in no case, in no way, on no condition, under/in no circumstances, on no account等)置于句首時(shí)，句子常用部分倒裝。
2.“only+狀語(yǔ)(從句)”置于句首時(shí)，從句不可倒裝而主句用部分倒裝。
【特別注意】在部分倒裝句中，如果謂語(yǔ)部分無(wú)助動(dòng)詞，則需要添加助動(dòng)詞來(lái)“幫助”謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成倒裝。
3. no sooner ... than...,hardly/scarcely/rarely ...when...,not only...but (also)...,not until, neither...nor...等句式中的部分倒裝。
(1)在 no sooner...than...,hardly/scarcely/rarely...when...句型中，如果 no sooner或 hardly/scarcely/rarely放在句首，需要將 no sooner或 hardly/scarcely/rarely所在的分句部分倒裝，且常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，而其后than和when連接的分句不倒裝，且常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
(2)not only ...but(also)...連接兩個(gè)并列分句時(shí)，如果 not only 置于句首，需要將not only所在的分句部分倒裝，but(also)連接的分句不倒裝。但如果 not only but(also)…僅連接兩個(gè)并列詞或短語(yǔ)，則不用倒裝。
(3)當(dāng)not until置于句首時(shí)，not until所在的從句的主謂不倒裝，而主句需要部分倒裝。
(4)當(dāng)neither...nor…連接兩個(gè)并列分句，且位于句首時(shí)，前后兩個(gè)分句都要倒裝。
4.“so/neither/nor+be動(dòng)詞／助動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”表示前一句中所講的情況也適合于此句型中主語(yǔ)所指的人或事物，意為“?！ぁぁぁぁひ玻皇侨绱恕?。
【特別注意】
“so+相同主語(yǔ)＋be動(dòng)詞／助動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”表示對(duì)前文所述情況的肯定。
5.在“so +adj. /adv. +that ..，”句型與“such+n. +that..”句型中，so/such 同它們所修飾的成分置于句首時(shí)，主句用部分倒裝，that引導(dǎo)的從句不倒裝。
6.在含有had/were/should的虛擬條件句中，可省略if,將had/were/should 放在主語(yǔ)之前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝。
(三)特殊的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)
在as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，有時(shí)使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：表語(yǔ)／狀語(yǔ)／動(dòng)詞原形＋as/though+主語(yǔ)＋其他；如果表語(yǔ)是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，則把冠詞省去。
Hot as the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
盡管夜間氣溫很高，我們?nèi)匀凰煤艹?，因?yàn)殚L(zhǎng)途旅行之后我們十分疲憊。
【特別注意】though 作“雖然”講時(shí)，其引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句也可不倒裝；although, while作“雖然”講時(shí)，其引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句不能倒裝。
(四)反意疑問(wèn)句
反意疑問(wèn)句?？蓺w為部分倒裝。反意疑問(wèn)句由兩部分構(gòu)成：陳述部分＋疑問(wèn)部分。陳述部分是肯定句時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用否定形式，且否定形式必須縮寫；陳述部分是否定句時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用肯定形式。即“前肯定，后否定；前否定，后肯定”。疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)必須用代詞。陳述部分和疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)以及謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)通常要保持一致。
1.陳述部分含有否定詞的反意疑問(wèn)句
當(dāng)陳述部分帶有 seldom, hardly, scarcely, never, few, little, nothing, nobody等含有否定意義的詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用肯定形式。
【特別注意】如果陳述部分包含帶有表示否定意義的前綴或后綴的單詞，一般仍看作肯定句，其反意疑問(wèn)部分用否定形式。常見的否定前綴和后綴有：un-,dis-, im-,-less等。
2.陳述部分含有賓語(yǔ)從句的反意疑問(wèn)句
一般情況下，其疑問(wèn)部分應(yīng)和主句保持一致。但當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)是think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine, guess, be sure 等詞或短語(yǔ)，且主句主語(yǔ)為第一人稱時(shí)，其疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)與賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。
3.祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句
祈使句后的疑問(wèn)部分不表示反問(wèn)，而表示一種語(yǔ)氣。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：肯定祈使句，＋won’t you?/否定祈使句，＋
＋will you?/Let us...,will you? Let's...,shall we?
(五)there be 句型
there be句型也可以歸為部分倒裝。there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的常用句型：
①There is no point/sense in doing sth 做某事沒有意義。
②There is no doubt about.../that...毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)
③There is no need (for sb...)to do sth...(某人)沒有必要做某事。
④There is (no) difficulty/trouble(in) doing sth/with sth 做某事／(沒)有困難／麻煩。
⑤There is (no) possibility of(doing)sth/that...(做)某事(沒)有可能性／(沒)有可能··...·
三、省略／祈使句
(一)狀語(yǔ)從句的省略
在時(shí)間、條件、讓步、方式等狀語(yǔ)從句中，可以用省略結(jié)構(gòu)。狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略必須具備兩個(gè)條件：
(1)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致或從句的主語(yǔ)是it;
(2)從句的謂語(yǔ)含有be動(dòng)詞，此時(shí)可以省略從句的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。
(二)不定式的省略
1.省略to后的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))
在一定的語(yǔ)境中，為了避免上下文重復(fù)，可以省去不定式中和前面句子中相同的動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))，只保留不定式符號(hào)to;否定形式的省略用not to.但如果省略的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中含有 be, have, have been,通常保留這些詞。
2.省略不定式符號(hào)to的幾種情況
(1)感官動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))(see, look at, notice, watch, observe, listen to, hear, feel等)和使役動(dòng)詞(make, have, let等)后帶不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)要省略to;但當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)還原不定式中的to.
(2)but(除··之外)或except后跟不定式時(shí)，如果 but或 except前有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的某種形式，其后的不定式要省略to;但 but或 except前沒有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的某種形式時(shí)，后接的不定式不省略to.
(三)用so和not代替句子內(nèi)容的省略結(jié)構(gòu)
為了避免重復(fù)前面所說(shuō)的話，常用so或not代替名詞性從句，此時(shí)不用it或that 代替。這種省略常發(fā)生在 think, believe, expect, suppose, guess, imagine, hope, be, afraid等動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))之后。
(四)祈使句
祈使句常用于表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求、禁止、建議、警告、勸告等，常可以歸為省略句。
1.祈使句的肯定式、否定式和強(qiáng)調(diào)式
祈使句的主語(yǔ)一般是第二人稱you,但往往省略。祈使句的否定形式一般在動(dòng)詞原形前加don't,也可用副詞never 表示否定含義。祈使句的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式可以在句首加do.
2.“祈使句＋and/or+陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)的用法
祈使句(或名詞詞組)是后面陳述句的條件，陳述句多使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。如果前后兩個(gè)分句之間是順承關(guān)系，用連詞and;如果是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用連詞or或or else.
Bring the flowers into a warm room and they'll soon open.
把這些花搬進(jìn)一間溫暖的房間，它們很快就會(huì)開花。

［檢測(cè)］
(一)單句語(yǔ)法填空
1.(2021·廣東省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高三階段考試)Hardly________ he arrived home when the phone rang.
2.(2021·天津南開中學(xué)二模)I feel it is you as well as your wife that________ to blame for your son's bad performance at school.
3.(2021·福建省武平縣第一中學(xué)高三一模)Only when you study hard________ you realize your dream of going to a key university.
4,(2021·山東濟(jì)南模擬)－He's been to China.
-________ have I.
5.(2021·天津一中二模)Bach died in 1750,but it was not until the early 19th century________ his musical gift was fully recognized.
6.(2021·河南南陽(yáng)市南陽(yáng)中學(xué)高三月考)Once________ (pour),water can't be taken back.
7.(2021·天津市塘沽第一中學(xué)高三第一次月考)Catherine, ________ (set) the alarm clock for 6 o'clock, or you would oversleep and be late for the train.
8.(2021·廣東省廣州市高三期末)So cruel________ the man that he never shows any mercy to whoever is against his opinion.
9.(2022·重慶實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高三摸底考試) ________ at that moment did I believe that Mr Schmidt and my grandpa were right: never can awards he falsified or bought.
10.(2022·湖北武漢高三月考)It was an old friend________ he met in the park yesterday.
1.had [句意：他剛到家，電話就響了。此處為句型 hardly...when...表示“－就····.·”，此句型中，前面部分用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，后面部分用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，且hardly位于句首時(shí)，要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即將助動(dòng)詞had提到主語(yǔ)he之前。故填had.]
2.are [句意：你兒子在學(xué)校成績(jī)不好，我覺得你和你妻子都有責(zé)任。as well as連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和前一主語(yǔ)保持一致，因此be動(dòng)詞用are;動(dòng)詞blame不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，常用 be to blame主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)意義。故填 are.]
3.can [句意：只有當(dāng)你努力學(xué)習(xí)，你才能實(shí)現(xiàn)你去重點(diǎn)大學(xué)的夢(mèng)想。only+時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首，主句應(yīng)用部分倒裝，從句語(yǔ)序正常。故填can.]
4.So [句意：一他去過(guò)中國(guó)。－我也去過(guò)。當(dāng)主句表示肯定時(shí)，表示“另一主語(yǔ)也是”的倒裝句式為“So+助動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞／be動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)＂。主句中He's been。。。為He has been...的縮寫，為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，答句主語(yǔ)為I,對(duì)應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞是have.故填So.]
5.that 【句意；巴赫死于1750年，但直到19世紀(jì)初期他的音樂天賦才被承認(rèn)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句與not until 連用，為“It is/was not until that...”句型。故填that.]
6.poured [句意；水一倒就收不回來(lái)了。once連接的狀語(yǔ)從句中，常省略跟主句相同的主語(yǔ)和從句中的be動(dòng)詞。從句陳述客觀事實(shí)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)與謂請(qǐng)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，從句完整應(yīng)為“Once(water is)poured”。故填poured.]
7.set [句意：凱瑟琳，把闌鐘定到6點(diǎn)，否則你會(huì)睡過(guò)頭，就趕不上火車了。此處為“祈使句＋or
陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。故填set.]
8.is [句意：這個(gè)人是如此殘忍，他從不對(duì)任何違背他意見的人表示任何憐憫。此處為so...that...“如此··以至
于···...”，that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，so+adj./adv.位于句首，主句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝，句中的is要放在主語(yǔ) the man前面。故填is.]
9.Only [only+狀語(yǔ)（at the moment）位于句首，句子要部分倒裝。故填Only.]
10.that/who [句意：他昨天在公園里碰見的是一個(gè)老朋友。根據(jù)句意可知，本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，“it+is/was+被
被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人，也可用who.故填 that/who. ]
(二)語(yǔ)法填空
(2021·河北石家莊質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Zhong Fangrong, whose score in the latest gaokao was among the best in China, reaffirmed her decision to major in archaeology on Tuesday, 1 (ignore) the head-shaking of shocked netizens.
Zhong could have chosen 2 (virtual) any major at any university in the country. So it surprised people when she signed up for archaeology, one of the least popular 3 (major) in China.
In a letter replying 4 the famous Chinese archaeologist Fan Jinshi, Zhong expressed her desire to follow her heart, as Fan had done. Zhong said it was Fan 5 gave her the confidence to study archaeology, and that she wanted to follow in Fan's footsteps and devote 6 (she) the field.
Earlier this month, Zhong, a student from a small village, 7 (make)the headlines for her high score. 8 (describe) as a “l(fā)eft-be-hind girl" by Chinese media, Zhong 9 (raise) by her grandparents after her parents left their hometown to work in Guangzhou.
Some netizens were surprised by Zhong's decision and said her choice would make 10 difficult for her to find a good job after graduation. In China, finance, science and advanced technology are thought to be more promising.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
答案:
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇議論文。在2020年高考中成績(jī)優(yōu)異的留守女孩鐘芳蓉毅然決然地選擇了考古專業(yè)，此事引起了網(wǎng)友的熱議。
1.ignoring [考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。本句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為reaffirmed,設(shè)空處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，ignore與其邏輯主語(yǔ) Zhong Fangrong 之間為主謂關(guān)系。故填ignoring.]
2.virtually [考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。設(shè)空處修飾整個(gè)句子，應(yīng)用副詞，故填virtually.]
3.majors［考查名詞?！皁ne of+the +形容詞最高級(jí)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”為固定搭配，意為“最·..·的·...··之一”。故填
majors.]
4.to［考查介詞。Reply to為固定搭配，意為“回復(fù)”。故填to.]
5.who/that [考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。此處形成了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋who/that+句子其他部分”。本句被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為人的Fan.故填who/that. ]
6.herself [考查代詞。devote oneself to sb/sth為固定搭配，意為“致力于，獻(xiàn)身”。故填 herself.]
7.made [考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。設(shè)空處作句子的謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) Earlier this month可知，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，鐘芳蓉成為新聞焦點(diǎn)，應(yīng)用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填made.]
8.Described [考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。設(shè)空處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，describe與其邏輯主語(yǔ) Zhong 為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。句首字母大寫，故填 Described.]
9.was raised [考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)后面的動(dòng)詞left可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；鐘芳蓉是由爺爺奶奶撫養(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大，表示被動(dòng)。故填 was raised.]
10.it [考查代詞。此處為“make+賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，it作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)為后面的不定式短語(yǔ)。故填it.]

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