Part1 閱讀理解（共4小題；每小題2分，滿分8分）
（2021·北京朝陽區(qū)·高三一模）The Land Under the Sea
Ten thusand years ag, as the last ice age ended, sea levels arund the wrld were far lwer than they are tday. Much f the land under bth the Nrth Sea t the east f Britain and the English Channel which nw separates France and Britain was part f a huge regin f frests and grassy plains. Then the climate gradually became warmer and the water trapped in large masses f ice was released.
Nw the develpment f advanced snar (聲納) technlgy, knwn as bathymetry, is making it pssible t study this flded landscape in extrardinary detail. A special ech (回聲) sunder is fixed t the bttm f a survey ship and it makes wide sweeps acrss the seabed. While previus technlgy has nly been able t prduce tw-dimensinal images, bathymetry can nw use cmputers, satellite-psitining equipment and special sftware t create accurate and remarkably detailed maps. Fr the first time, an ancient riverbed jumps ut f the three-dimensinal image. The site f pre-histric settlements can nw be pinpinted.
Accrding t expert Linda Andrews, this technlgical develpment is f huge significance. “We nw have the ability t map the seabed as accurately as we can map dry land,” she says.
Once bathymetric techniques have identified sites where peple might have built their hmes and villages, divers can be sent dwn t investigate further. Rbt submarines (潛艇) can als be used, and researchers hpe they will find stne tls and wd frm huses as prf f human activity. The idea shared by many peple in Britain f their cuntry as a natural island kingdm will be challenged by the findings: Britain has been inhabited fr abut 500,000 years and much f this time it has been linked n and ff t cntinental Eurpe. It remains t be seen hw far this new awareness is taken n bard, hwever.
In fact, the use f bathymetry will nt be limited t the study f lst landscapes and ancient settlements. It will als be vital in finding ships that have been destryed in accidents. In additin, cmmercial applicatins are a real pssibility. Aggregates (骨材) fr the cnstructin industry are becming increasingly expensive, and bathymetry can be used t identify suitable sites fr digging fr this material. Mapping the seabed will als identify places where rare plants and shellfish are living. Digging at such sites shuld be prevented, either t wrk fr a prfit r t make deeper waterways fr massive cntainer ships.
10．Hw des bathymetry wrk?
A．It has an ech sunder placed n the seabed.
B．It makes use f a number f different devices.
C．It prduces tw-dimensinal images f the sea flr.
D．It bases its calculatins n the lcatin f cnstructin sites.
11．What des the underlined wrd “pinpinted” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．Occupied.B．Adjusted.
C．Rebuilt.D．Discvered.
12．The authr believes a better understanding f the settlements n the seabed may ________.
A．a(chǎn)ttract investment in the research under the sea
B．inspire peple t take an interest in mdern technlgy
C．a(chǎn)dapt the attitudes f the British t their cuntry’s histry
D．receive cnfirmatin f rebuilding ancient man-made bjects
13．We can learn that the use f bathymetry will help t ________.
A．identify new species f plants and animals
B．prvide the precise lcatin f sunken ships
C．evaluate the cst f seeking certain resurces
D．prmte the develpment f deeper waterways
Part2 七選五（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）
（2021·北京朝陽區(qū)·高三一模）Blind Olympic Athletes Shw the Universal Nature
Tune int any sprts cverage n TV, and yu will see many athletes prudly raise their arms and heads in victry, while a much larger number hang their shulders and necks in defeat. Studies have revealed why—they are universal behaviurs, perfrmed by humans in respnse t success and failure.
The discvery came frm Jessica Tracy frm the University f British Clumbia and David Matsumt frm San Francisc State University, wh wanted t see hw peple shwed feelings f pride and shame. 1． They tried t find a large grup f peple, and it was critically imprtant that sme f these subjects had never seen ther peple reacting t success r failure befre.
The answer was Athens, during the 2004 Olympic Games. Its sister cmpetitin—the Paralympics—included many athletes wh were brn blind. 2． Wrking with a prfessinal phtgrapher, Tracy and Matsumt cmpared the bdy language f 108 cmpetitrs, 41 f whm had lst their sight, and 12 f whm were blind frm birth. The phtgrapher repeatedly tk pictures f these athletes after their cmpetitins, and the researchers carefully recrded the psitins f their heads, arms and bdies. 3． The winners tilted their heads up, smiled, lifted their arms and puffed ut their chests, while shulders bent frward and narrwed chests were the marks f lsers.
4． Men and wmen wh have never seen ther peple behave in these ways still make exactly the same mvements. And while it’s pssible that parents may have taught their blind children sme f these actins, it’s very unlikely that they culd have taught them all—particularly the expansin r narrwing f the chest.
These actins were als remarkably cnsistent between cntestants frm every part f the wrld. Tracy and Matsumt argue that pride and shame deserve a place alngside ther primary emtins like happiness, fear and surprise. 5．
A．They are inbrn behaviurs and are accmpanied by their wn distinct sets f actins.
B．In fact, the culture was fund t have nly a very small effect n their bdy language.
C．Therefre, they culd nt have witnessed hw ther peple reacted t winning and lsing.
D．The result suggested that the athletes were shwing their pride based n careful bservatin.
E.The athletes’ behaviurs give strng evidence that they have had the actins naturally since birth.
F.Analyzing the data, they fund that the sighted and sightless athletes behaved in almst exactly the same ways.
G.In particular, they wanted t knw whether these expressins were culturally determined and learned thrugh bservatin.
Part3 短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）
（2021·全國高三一模）
Weekends seem t be the very time when my classmates and I mst lk frward t, especially this weekend. Having prepared fr the camping fr ver tw weeks, we set ff excitedly in the mrning as planning. On arriving at the ft f the muntain, we set ut climb. We were talking r laughing all the way. Standing n the hillside, they culd verlk the village in the distance. With smkes rising frm chimneys and a river running thrugh the village, the scenery was s attractively that we enjyed urselves a lt. At nn, we finally reach the tp, where we wuld be set up ur tents and spend the night. Hw an unfrgettable trip!
Part4 書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）
（2021·上海閔行區(qū)·高三二模）Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120 - 150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假設(shè)你們學(xué)校擬給高三學(xué)生放三天假，各班可以自由安排?，F(xiàn)有兩個方案可以供同學(xué)們選擇：
1、野外拓展訓(xùn)練 (utward bund training)；
2、在家自習(xí)功課。
假設(shè)你班班長正在征集意見，請你給班長發(fā)郵件，說明通過對兩個方案的比較，你會選擇哪一個，并簡要說明你做出這個選擇的理由。序號
題型
內(nèi)容
1
閱讀理解
對先進(jìn)的聲納技術(shù)的詳細(xì)介紹。
2
七選五
介紹了人們對成功和失敗的反應(yīng)
3
短文改錯
作者和同學(xué)們一起去野營，度過了一個非常愉快的周末
4
書面表達(dá)
關(guān)于放假的活動安排的方案征集
【參考答案】
Part1 閱讀理解
10．B11．D12．C13．B
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章對先進(jìn)的聲納技術(shù)，也就是水深測量技術(shù)的發(fā)展和用途進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹。
10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“While previus technlgy has nly been able t prduce tw-dimensinal images, bathymetry can nw use cmputers, satellite-psitining equipment and special sftware t create accurate and remarkably detailed maps.”（雖然以前的技術(shù)只能生成二維圖像，但水深測量技術(shù)現(xiàn)在可以使用計算機(jī)、衛(wèi)星定位設(shè)備和特殊軟件來繪制精確而詳細(xì)的地圖。）可知，水深測量技術(shù)使用了許多不同的設(shè)備來工作。故選B。
11．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段倒第二句“Fr the first time, an ancient riverbed jumps ut f the three-dimensinal image.”（第一次，一個古老的河床從三維圖像中跳出來。）可知，史前定居點現(xiàn)在能夠被發(fā)現(xiàn)了。所以pinpint的意思是“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，與discver同義。故選D。
12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三句“The idea shared by many peple in Britain f their cuntry as a natural island kingdm will be challenged by the findings”（許多英國人認(rèn)為他們的國家是一個天然島嶼王國的想法將受到調(diào)查結(jié)果的挑戰(zhàn)）可知，作者相信，對海底定居點的更好理解可能會改變英國人對本國歷史的態(tài)度。故選C。
13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“It will als be vital in finding ships that have been destryed in accidents. ”（它對于尋找在事故中被摧毀的船只也至關(guān)重要。）可知，使用水深測量將有助于提供沉船的精確位置。故選B。
Part2 七選五
1．G2．C3．F4．E5．A
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人們對成功和失敗的反應(yīng)是天生的，介紹了這一研究開展的過程以及研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。
1．根據(jù)上文“The discvery came frm Jessica Tracy frm the University f British Clumbia and David Matsumt frm San Francisc State University, wh wanted t see hw peple shwed feelings f pride and shame. (這一發(fā)現(xiàn)來自英屬哥倫比亞大學(xué)的Jessica Tracy和舊金山州立大學(xué)的David Matsumt，他們想知道人們是如何表達(dá)自豪和羞愧的)”可知，上文提到Jessica Tracy和David Matsumt想知道人們是如何表達(dá)自豪和羞愧的，本句應(yīng)承接上文進(jìn)一步說明他們想法，G選項中They指代上文中Jessica Tracy和David Matsumt。故G選項“他們尤其想知道這些表達(dá)方式是否是文化決定的，是否是通過觀察習(xí)得的”符合語境，故選G。
2．根據(jù)上文“Its sister cmpetitin—the Paralympics—included many athletes wh were brn blind. (它的姊妹比賽——殘奧會——包括許多天生失明的運(yùn)動員)”可知，上文提到殘奧會包括許多眼睛看不見的運(yùn)動員，故本句與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，表示這些人無法目睹其他人對勝利和失敗的反應(yīng)，C選項中they指代上文many athletes wh were brn blind。故C選項“因此，他們無法目睹其他人對勝利和失敗的反應(yīng)”符合語境，故選C。
3．根據(jù)上文“Wrking with a prfessinal phtgrapher, Tracy and Matsumt cmpared the bdy language f 108 cmpetitrs, 41 f whm had lst their sight, and 12 f whm were blind frm birth. The phtgrapher repeatedly tk pictures f these athletes after their cmpetitins, and the researchers carefully recrded the psitins f their heads, arms and bdies. (在一位專業(yè)攝影師的幫助下，Tracy 和Matsumt比較了108名參賽者的肢體語言，其中41人后天失明，12人從出生就失明。攝影師在運(yùn)動員比賽結(jié)束后反復(fù)拍照，研究人員仔細(xì)記錄他們頭部、手臂和身體的姿勢)”以及后文“The winners tilted their heads up, smiled, lifted their arms and puffed ut their chests, while shulders bent frward and narrwed chests were the marks f lsers.(獲勝者仰起頭、微笑、舉起雙臂、挺起胸膛，而失敗者的標(biāo)志是肩膀前傾、胸膛狹窄)”可知，上文提到Tracy 和Matsumt在對比運(yùn)動員的姿勢，后文則提到了一些獲勝者和失敗者所共有的肢體動作，可推測他們發(fā)現(xiàn)有視力和失明的運(yùn)動員的行為方式幾乎完全相同，故F選項“通過分析數(shù)據(jù)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)有視力和失明的運(yùn)動員的行為方式幾乎完全相同”符合語境，故選F。
4．根據(jù)上一段中“The winners tilted their heads up, smiled, lifted their arms and puffed ut their chests, while shulders bent frward and narrwed chests were the marks f lsers.(獲勝者仰起頭、微笑、舉起雙臂、挺起胸膛，而失敗者的標(biāo)志是肩膀前傾、胸膛狹窄)”以及后文“Men and wmen wh have never seen ther peple behave in these ways still make exactly the same mvements. And while it’s pssible that parents may have taught their blind children sme f these actins, it’s very unlikely that they culd have taught them all—particularly the expansin r narrwing f the chest.(從來沒有見過別人有這種行為的男人和女人仍然做出完全相同的動作。雖然父母可能教過他們的盲童一些這些動作，但他們不太可能教過他們——尤其是胸部的擴(kuò)張或縮小)”可知，上一段對比的結(jié)果是有視力和失明的運(yùn)動員行為方式幾乎完全相同，都做出了一些共有的動作，后文則提到從來沒有見過別人有這種行為的男人和女人仍然做出完全相同的動作，可推測他們的行為證明了這些動作能力是天生就有的。故E選項“運(yùn)動員的行為有力地證明了他們從出生起就具有天生的動作能力”符合語境，故選E。
5．根據(jù)上文“These actins were als remarkably cnsistent between cntestants frm every part f the wrld. Tracy and Matsumt argue that pride and shame deserve a place alngside ther primary emtins like happiness, fear and surprise. (這些動作在來自世界各地的選手之間也非常一致。Tracy和Matsumt認(rèn)為，驕傲和羞恥應(yīng)該和其他基本情感，如快樂、恐懼和驚訝，一起占有一席之地)”可知，來自世界各地的選手動作也一致，說明驕傲和羞恥是天生的行為，A選項中they指代上文中pride and shame。故A選項“它們是天生的行為，伴隨著它們自己獨特的一系列行為”符合語境，故選A。
Part3 短文改錯
．1.when→that 2.planning→planned3.在climb前加t4.r→and
5.they→we6.smkes→smke7.attractively→attractive8.reach→reached
9.去掉be10.Hw→What
【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者和同學(xué)們一起去野營，度過了一個非常愉快的周末。
【詳解】
1.考查定語從句。句意：周末似乎是我和同學(xué)們最期待的時間，尤其是這個周末。定語從句“my classmates and I mst lk frward t”缺少賓語，且先行詞為time，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that。故將when改為that。
2.考查過去分詞。句意：為野營準(zhǔn)備了兩個多星期，我們一大早就按計劃興奮地出發(fā)了。as planned意為“按計劃”，為固定搭配。故將planning改為planned。
3.考查t d不定式和固定搭配。句意：一到山腳下，我們就開始爬山。set ut t d意為“開始做某事”，為固定搭配。故在climb前加t。
4.考查連詞。句意：我們一路上有說有笑。talking和laughing是并列關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用and連接。故將r改為and。
5.考查人稱代詞。句意：站在山坡上，我們可以俯瞰遠(yuǎn)處的村莊。此處是講“我”和同學(xué)們?nèi)ヒ盃I，所以人稱代詞應(yīng)用“我們”。故將they改為we。
6.考查不可數(shù)名詞。句意：煙囪里冒著煙，一條小河穿過村莊，景色太迷人了，我們玩得很開心。smke作名詞為不可數(shù)名詞。故將smkes改為smke。
7.考查形容詞。句意：煙囪里冒著煙，一條小河穿過村莊，景色太迷人了，我們玩得很開心。was后應(yīng)用形容詞作表語。故將attractively改為attractive。
8.考查一般過去時。句意：中午，我們終于到達(dá)山頂，我們將在那里搭起帳篷過夜。此處講述過去的事，所以應(yīng)用一般過去時。故將reach改為reached。
9.考查主被動關(guān)系。句意：中午，我們終于到達(dá)山頂，我們將在那里搭起帳篷過夜。set up意為“搭建”，和主語we構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系。故將be去掉。
10.考查感嘆句。句意：多么難忘的旅程??！an unfrgettable trip是名詞詞組，所以感嘆句應(yīng)用what。故將Hw改為What。
Part4 書面表達(dá)
Dear Mnitr,
In my pinin, fr the three-day hliday, we shuld d utward bund training. Here are my reasns.
First f all, ur senir three life is very tense, during which time, ur spirit has been very tight. At this time, we need t relax thrugh utward bund training, which is very gd fr ur cllege entrance examinatin. Secndly, after the cllege entrance examinatin, we have t g ur separate ways, s there are fewer and fewer pprtunities fr students t d activities tgether. This utdr training is ne f the few pprtunities. We shuld cherish the friendship between classmates, leaving gd memries. Finally, ur study has reached a sufficient level and we will sn face the cllege entrance examinatin. At the mment, utward bund training is cnducive t the digestin and absrptin f knwledge.

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