2022屆高考英語(yǔ)高頻閱讀詞組+練習(xí)（二十四）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

2022屆高考英語(yǔ)高頻閱讀詞組+練習(xí)（二十四）一：詞組梳理1．throw away拋棄；浪費(fèi)2．throw off扔掉，擺脫掉；匆匆脫掉衣服3．throw up舉起，拋起；吐出，嘔吐4．in public 公開(kāi)地，當(dāng)眾5．on purpose（=by intention， deliberately）故意6．to the purpose （=useful for one's purpose）得要領(lǐng)的，中肯的7．be qualified in 在某種科目或?qū)W科上合格 be qualified for 在某種職業(yè)上合格8．call…in question 對(duì)…表示懷疑9．take it easy放輕松啦啦~慢慢來(lái)~10．take off飛機(jī)起飛；匆匆離開(kāi)；脫去，拿去，取消11．take on承擔(dān)；從事；呈現(xiàn)；具有12．take out拿出，取出，拔去13．take over繼承，接管，最終取代14．take up開(kāi)始從事，著手處理；拿起；占據(jù)；消耗；接納15．beyond （all） question （=without question）毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)16．out of the question （=impossible）不可能的17．in question （=under discussion）所談及的；18．without question 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)19．be caught in the rain 被雨淋了20．at random （=without aim or purpose）隨便地，任意地，胡亂地21．range over （=cove， include）范圍包括22．take down拿下，取下；拆毀，拆卸；記下23．take in吸收，吸取，攝?。话?；接受，收容；理解，領(lǐng)悟；受騙24．(take a seat 就坐)25．(take a shower 淋浴，洗澡)26．(take care of 當(dāng)心，注意；照顧；提防；謹(jǐn)慎；處理，對(duì)付；負(fù)責(zé))27．range between 范圍在……與……之間不等28．at any rate （=at all events）無(wú)論如何，總之29．beyond the reach of 無(wú)法達(dá)到（得到，理解）30．out of reach of 無(wú)法夠到。 within reach of （or within one's reach夠得到，能拿到31．react to 對(duì)…作出反應(yīng)32．react on upon 對(duì)…產(chǎn)生影響33．react against 作出反抗或反對(duì)反應(yīng)34．（be） ready for 準(zhǔn)備好做…35．in reality （=in fact， really）事實(shí)上36．beyond all reason 沒(méi)有道理的37．by reason of （=because of）由于，因?yàn)?/span>38．it stands to reason that …理所當(dāng)然39．reason with （=argue）勸說(shuō)40．take away拿走，減去；奪去，消除41．take after長(zhǎng)得像，性格來(lái)自于42．take back取回，帶回，歸還，取消，撤回43．take ~~ for 把~~當(dāng)作44．(take one’s place 就坐，入坐)45．(take one’s temperature 量體溫)46．(take part in 參與，參加)47．(take place = happen 發(fā)生，舉行)48．(take the place of 代替)49．throw about亂扔(東西)50．throw at投向二：習(xí)題訓(xùn)練（A） To address the plastic pollution troubling the world’s seas and waterways, Cornell University chemists have developed a new polymer (聚合物) that can degrade (降解) when exposed to ultraviolet (紫外線的) radiation, according to the research published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.“We have created a new plastic that has the mechanical properties required by commercial fishing gear. If it eventually gets lost in the water environment, this material can degrade on a realistic time scale,” said lead researcher Bryce Lipinski, professor of chemistry and chemical biology at Cornell University. “This material could reduce persistent plastic accumulation in the environment.”Commercial fishing contributes to about half of all floating plastic waste that ends up in the oceans. Fishing nets and ropes are primarily made from three kinds of polymers, none of which easily degrade. “While research of degradable plastics has received much attention in recent years,” Lipinski said, “obtaining a material with the mechanical strength comparable to commercial plastic remains a difficult challenge.”Coates and his research team have spent the past 15 years developing the new plastic called isotactic polypropylene oxide, or iPPO. While its original discovery was in 1949, the mechanical strength of this material was unknown before this recent work. The high isotacticity and polymer chain length of their material makes it different from previous plastics and provides its mechanical strength.Lipinski noted that while iPPO is stable in ordinary use, it eventually breaks down when exposed to UV light. The change in the plastic’s composition is evident in the laboratory, but “visually, it may not appear to have changed much during the process,” he said, “The rate of degradation is light intensity-dependent, but under their laboratory conditions, the polymer chain lengths degraded to a quarter of their original length after 30 days of exposure.”Lipinski and other scientists want no trace of the polymer to be left in the environment. He notes there is precedent for the biodegradation of small chains of iPPO which could effectively make it disappear and ongoing efforts aim to prove this.1．What is special about the new polymer?A．It can reduce plastic consumption. B．It is expected to lower fishing costs.C．It can degrade plastic waste in the sea water. D．It has been developed to solve plastic pollution.2．What can we infer from paragraph 3?A．Fishing should be forbidden in the sea.B．It requires great effort to invent the new plastic.C．Nets and ropes are not the major pollution source.D．Degradable plastics were not studied until recently.3．What did the recent study find about iPPO?A．Its original use. B．Its special intensity.C．Its mechanical strength. D．Its complex composition.4．What is Lipinski’s attitude towards the future of iPPO?A．Hopeful. B．Indifferent. C．Skeptical. D．Negative. （B）In ancient China lived an artist. ___1___ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (畫(huà)像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their ___2___ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would. ___3___(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River～perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.Filled with ___4___ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. ___5___ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (傳奇的) artist, they smiled and ___66___ (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out ___7___ (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, ___8___ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds. ___9___ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (謙卑) by the greatest artist ____10____ earth, Mother Nature.答案及解析A【答案】1．D2．B3．C4．A【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。《美國(guó)化學(xué)會(huì)志》上發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究中提到，為了解決困擾世界海洋和水道的塑料污染問(wèn)題，康奈爾大學(xué)的化學(xué)家們研發(fā)了一種新的聚合物，該聚合物暴露在紫外線輻射下可降解。文章主要說(shuō)明了這一新材料的一些特點(diǎn)優(yōu)勢(shì)，和仍然面臨的一些問(wèn)題。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段To address the plastic pollution troubling the world’s seas and waterways, Cornell University chemists have developed a new polymer (聚合物) that can degrade (降解) when exposed to ultraviolet (紫外線的) radiation, according to the research published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.可知，根據(jù)發(fā)表在《美國(guó)化學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)雜志》上的研究，為了解決困擾世界海洋和水道的塑料污染問(wèn)題，康奈爾大學(xué)的化學(xué)家們開(kāi)發(fā)了一種新的聚合物，這種聚合物暴露在紫外線輻射下可以降解。由此可知，這種新型聚合物的特別之處在于它是為了解決塑料污染而發(fā)展起來(lái)的。故選D。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“While research of degradable plastics has received much attention in recent years,” Lipinski said, “obtaining a material with the mechanical strength comparable to commercial plastic remains a difficult challenge.”可知，Lipinski說(shuō)：“雖然近年來(lái)可降解塑料的研究受到了很大關(guān)注，但獲得一種機(jī)械強(qiáng)度可與商業(yè)塑料媲美的材料仍然是一項(xiàng)艱巨的挑戰(zhàn)。”由此推知，發(fā)明這種新塑料需要很大的努力。故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中The high isotacticity and polymer chain length of their material makes it different from previous plastics and provides its mechanical strength.可知，其材料的高等度和聚合物鏈長(zhǎng)度使其不同于以往的塑料，并提供了機(jī)械強(qiáng)度。由此可知，最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了iPPO可以提供機(jī)械強(qiáng)度。故選C。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Lipinski and other scientists want no trace of the polymer to be left in the environment. He notes there is precedent for the biodegradation of small chains of iPPO which could effectively make it disappear and ongoing efforts aim to prove this.可知，Lipinski和其他科學(xué)家不希望這種聚合物殘留在環(huán)境中。他指出，iPPO小鏈的生物降解已有先例，可以有效地使其消失，而正在進(jìn)行的努力旨在證明這一點(diǎn)。由此推知，Lipinski對(duì)iPPO未來(lái)的態(tài)度是充滿希望的。故選A。 B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了一位畫(huà)家畫(huà)畫(huà)栩栩如生，有一天他將畫(huà)送給宰相時(shí)，這位睿智的老人告訴他去漓江旅行——也許他可以從世界上最偉大的藝術(shù)家那里學(xué)到一些東西。畫(huà)家最后發(fā)現(xiàn)這位世界上最偉大的藝術(shù)家就是大自然母親。1.考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：中國(guó)古代有一位畫(huà)家，他的畫(huà)幾乎栩栩如生。此處為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞artist，且先行詞在從句中作定語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose。故填whose。2.考查最高級(jí)。句意：一天，皇帝想讓人給他畫(huà)一幅肖像，于是他把所有偉大的畫(huà)家都請(qǐng)來(lái)，展示他們最好的作品，以便他挑選最好的。結(jié)合句意，皇帝想要畫(huà)家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此處應(yīng)用形容詞最高級(jí)finest。故填finest。3.考查動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：畫(huà)家確信他會(huì)被選中，但是當(dāng)他把他的杰作送給皇帝的宰相時(shí)，這位老人笑了。本句中主語(yǔ)he與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞choose構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且would后跟動(dòng)詞原形。故填be chosen。4..考查名詞。句意：懷著好奇心，藝術(shù)家收拾行囊離開(kāi)了。with為介詞，后跟名詞curiosity作賓語(yǔ)，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。5.考查連接詞。句意：當(dāng)他問(wèn)河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到這位傳奇藝術(shù)家時(shí)，他們笑著指著河的下游。本句為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”，且從句中動(dòng)詞asked為短暫性動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞，不能用while引導(dǎo)，故應(yīng)用when或as引導(dǎo)。句首單詞首字母要大寫(xiě)。故填When/As。6.考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)他問(wèn)河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到這位傳奇藝術(shù)家時(shí)，他們笑著指著河的下游。根據(jù)上文they smiled and可知此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填pointed。7.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：第二天早上，他租了一條船，出發(fā)去找這位著名的畫(huà)家。結(jié)合句意表示“出發(fā)去做某事”短語(yǔ)為set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的狀語(yǔ)。故填to find。8.考查副詞。句意：當(dāng)小船緩緩地沿著江面移動(dòng)時(shí)，山在水中的倒影使他說(shuō)不出話來(lái)。此處修飾動(dòng)詞moved應(yīng)用副詞gently作狀語(yǔ)，表示“緩緩地”。故填gently。9.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)他看到霧氣從河上升起，山頂上烏云環(huán)繞，他不禁流下了眼淚。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)做狀語(yǔ)，surround在句中應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，與邏輯主語(yǔ)clouds構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填surrounding。10.考查介詞。句意：這位藝術(shù)家最終被世界上最偉大的藝術(shù)家——大自然母親所折服。結(jié)合句意表示“在世界上”短語(yǔ)為on earth。故填on。

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