說明：①本系列資料的例句盡可能多地選自高考真題或各地模擬試題；
②凡是形容詞+ly構(gòu)成的副詞在本系列資料【拓展】欄目里不予列出。
(kangaroo—lung)
kangaroo n.袋鼠：As everybody knows, kangaroos are native to Australia and are often regarded as one of Australia's national treasures.眾所周知，袋鼠是澳大利亞所特有的，并且經(jīng)常被看作澳大利亞的國寶之一。
keen adj.渴望的，喜愛的，熱情的，熱衷的，強(qiáng)烈的：
He is a football fan, so he is keen to watch football matches all day.
他是個(gè)足球迷，所以他喜歡整天看足球比賽。
Why so many youths are keen on playing computer games often puzzles us a lot.
為什么那么多年輕人熱衷于玩電腦游戲，常常使我們困惑不解。
Investors?are?also?showing?keen?interest?in?economy?hotels.
投資者也對經(jīng)濟(jì)型廉價(jià)酒店顯示了強(qiáng)烈的興趣。
keep(kept, kept) v.
①保留，保管：I keep all her letters.我把她所有的信都保留著。
②保持，繼續(xù)，維持：
Friendship is like money, easier made than kept.友誼像金錢，容易得到卻不易保持。
Shortly after the accident, two dozen police went to the spot to keep order.
事故發(fā)生后不久，24名警察到現(xiàn)場維持秩序。
③遵守，保守：She kept her promise.她遵守諾言。
④供養(yǎng)，飼養(yǎng)：Farmers keep sheep for their wool.農(nóng)民為羊毛而養(yǎng)羊。
⑤使得，(使……)保持：Keep the fire burning.讓火燃著。
⑥保護(hù)，防守：Who keeps the goal?誰守球門？
⑦記載，紀(jì)錄：Keep an account of what you spend.把你花的錢記個(gè)賬。
【拓展1】①keep an eye on照看：
—I’ll pay a visit to Hong Kong. Would you mind keeping an eye on my house?
—Not at all. I’d like to.
“我要去香港旅游。你介意照看一下我的房子嗎？”“不介意。我很高興能這樣做?！?br /> ②keep away from遠(yuǎn)離：
Keep away from such things to which will do you harm.遠(yuǎn)離那些對你有害的東西。
③keep back阻止，后退，忍住，保留，扣留：
The police kept the crowd back.警察使群眾后退。
She couldn’t keep back her tears.她忍不住哭了。
The?stockholders?agreed?to?let?their?company?keep?back?a?part?of its profits?for?reserve?funds.??
股東們同意讓公司扣留一部分利潤作為公積金。
④keep company with陪伴：
Occupying himself with his new job, he couldn’t spare time to keep company with his family.
由于忙于新工作，他抽不出時(shí)間來陪家人。
⑤keep(…)from忍不住，阻止，使……不(能)：
I couldn’t keep from laughing.我忍不住笑了。
⑥keep(…)in mind把(……)記住/牢記在心：
Tourists should keep in mind that they are representing their motherland while abroad, so they need be cautious about their behaviour.游客應(yīng)該記住，他們在國外代表著他們的祖國，所以他們需要小心自己的行為。
⑦keep in touch with與保持聯(lián)系：
Remember?to?keep?in?touch?with?me?when?you?get?there.記住到了那里要和我保持聯(lián)系。
⑧keep off避免，(使)不接近：
Keep off the grass!請勿踏草！
Keep your child off drugs, or it will lead to many serious health and behavior problems.
讓你的孩子遠(yuǎn)離毒品，否則它會導(dǎo)致很多嚴(yán)重的健康和行為問題。
⑨keep on繼續(xù)，keep on guard against提防：
The rain kept on for several days.雨一連下了好幾天。
The?conductor?is reminding?all the passengers?to?keep?on?guard?against?the?thief.?
售票員正在提醒所有乘客謹(jǐn)防小偷。
⑩keep one’s promise信守諾言：
Don’t take it for granted that he will keep his promise.
不要想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為他會信守諾言。
?keep out(of)遮擋，使不進(jìn)入：
The trees keep out the wind.這些樹可以擋風(fēng)。
He was careful to?keep?out?of sight.??
他小心翼翼地躲開別人的視線。
We found it very important to keep the light out of a darkroom.
我們發(fā)現(xiàn)不要讓光線進(jìn)入暗室是很重要的。
?keep track of記錄，?跟蹤：
I?use?a?small?notebook?to?keep?track?of?all?the?new?sentences?I?learn.?
我用一個(gè)小筆記本記錄我所學(xué)到的所有新句子。
Police?keep track of?the kidnapper using electronic surveillance equipment.?
警方利用電子監(jiān)視設(shè)備跟蹤綁架者。
?keep up保持，繼續(xù)：
Keep up your spirits even if you may fail hundreds of times.
即使失敗了幾百次，也要振作起來。
Rain kept up all night.雨下了一整夜。
?keep up with跟上，不落后，keep pace with跟上，與……齊頭并進(jìn)/并駕齊驅(qū)，與……步調(diào)一致：
She?was?skipping?to?keep?up?with?him.她連蹦帶跳地走著，好跟上他的步伐。
Try to keep up with the others.設(shè)法不要落在別人后面。
Due to large investment in housing, many cities can keep pace with the flow of new arrivals, improving the quality of their life.由于在住房方面的大量投資，許多城市能夠跟上新移民的步伐，改善他們的生活質(zhì)量。
【拓展2】keeper n.(動物園中的)飼養(yǎng)員，看守人，保管人：
The?keeper?is?feeding?the?animals.飼養(yǎng)員在給動物喂食。
kettle n.(燒水用的)水壺：Steam?is?rising?from?the?kettle.水壺中冒出了水氣。
【拓展】用在諺語中：That is like the pot calling the kettle black!五十步笑百步!
key adj.關(guān)鍵的，主要的：
Steve Jobs is a key figure in the computer world in that he has had a great influence on modern life and technology.史蒂夫·喬布斯是計(jì)算機(jī)世界的關(guān)鍵人物，因?yàn)樗麑ΜF(xiàn)代生活和技術(shù)產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。
n.①鑰匙：I’m sure I put the key back where it had been, but I can’t find it anywhere.
我肯定我把鑰匙放回原處了，但哪兒也找不到。
②鍵：Pianos have black and white keys.鋼琴上有黑的和白的鍵。
③要害，關(guān)鍵，秘訣：This is the key to the problem.這是問題的關(guān)鍵。
④答案：This is the key to the puzzle.這是謎底。
【拓展】①表示“……的鑰匙”，其后可用介詞 to或of：
Have you got the key to/of the door?你有這門的鑰匙嗎？
②用于比喻義表示“答案”、“解答”、“秘訣”、“關(guān)鍵”等，后接介詞to。
The key to solving the problem is to meet the demands made by the customers.
解決問題的關(guān)鍵是滿足顧客的需求。
keyboard n.鍵盤：We need a new computer keyboard.我們需要一個(gè)新的電腦鍵盤。
kick v.踢：I kicked the ball to Chris.我把球踢給克里斯了。
She’s kicked her drug habit and learned that her life has value...
她已經(jīng)戒了毒，并且認(rèn)識到了生命可貴。
n.踢：Give the door a kick to open it.一腳將門踢開。
【拓展】①短語kick off的意思請看下列各句：
Liverpool?kicked?off?an?hour?ago.利物浦隊(duì)一小時(shí)前開的球。
As the job-hunting season kicks off, many graduates are suffering from anxiety.
隨著找工作的季節(jié)開始，許多畢業(yè)生焦慮不安。
She?stretched?out?on?the?sofa?and?kicked?off?her?shoes.她四肢平攤躺在沙發(fā)上，踢掉了鞋子。
We?can’t?kick?them?off?the?island.我們不能把他們從島上趕走。
They spent the summer kicking around Europe.他們在歐洲各地晃悠了一夏天。
②kick out把……趕出/趕走：
Her?family?kicked?her?out.她的家人把她趕了出來。
③kick sb. out from把某人攆出/趕走/開除：
Kicked out from his company, he had to find a new job.
被公司開除后，他不得不另找工作。
④get a kick out of從……中獲得極大的樂趣和刺激：
Jack got a kick out of going for a walk after dinner when he was young.
當(dāng)他年輕的時(shí)候，外出散步會從中會的很大的快樂。
kid n.小孩，年輕人：You’re?a?bright?enough?kid.?你是個(gè)挺聰明的孩子。
That’s?a?lot?for?a?kid?of?22?to?cope?with.那對一個(gè)22歲的年輕人來說是夠難應(yīng)付的。
kill v. ①(被)殺死，(被)弄死：
A big fire broke out last night. Luckily, no one was killed or injured.
昨晚發(fā)生了一場火災(zāi)。幸運(yùn)的是，沒有人員傷亡。
②消磨/打發(fā)：
While waiting for the training she killed time by going for a walk.
在等火車的時(shí)候，她以散步來消磨時(shí)間。
③使笑得前仰后合，使笑死了：Stop it, and you’re killing me.別說了。你把我笑死啦！
【拓展】參看詞條fat中的kill the fatted calf。
kilo n.千克，公斤(=kilogram)：
He weighs 52 kilos.他重五十二公斤/千克。
The fruit costs 30 pence per kilo.水果每公斤/千克三十便士。
kilogram n.千克，公斤：How?many?kilograms?of?luggage?can?I?carry?with?me??我隨身可以帶多少公斤行李？
kilometre(Am kilometer) n.千米，公里：
The bridge is almost 2 kilometres long.這座橋差不多有兩千米長。
Taking?the?short?cut?will?save?us?nearly?a?kilometre.抄近路走可以省卻將近一公里。
kind1 n.種，類：There are many kinds of animals in the zoo.=There are animals of many kinds in the zoo.
動物園里有很多種動物。
kind2 adj.善良的，友好的：
She has a kind heart.她心地善良。
Will you be so kind as to shut the door?= Will you be kind enough to shut the door?
請你關(guān)一下門好嗎？
【拓展】①用作名詞表示“種類”時(shí)，用于kind of 后的名詞通常要用單數(shù)，且不用冠詞：
This kind of computer is cheap.這種電腦很便宜。
②kind-hearted adj.好心腸的：He is a kind-hearted person.他是個(gè)心腸好的人。
kindergarten n.幼兒園：The nurse walked the children out of the kindergarten.保育員把孩子們帶出了幼兒園。
kindness n. ①好/善意，仁慈，善良：
You really don’t know what to do in return for your mother’s kindness.
你真不知道該怎么報(bào)答你母親的好意。
I was deeply impressed with the kindness and honesty of the local people when visiting Beidaihe.
在參觀北戴河的時(shí)候，當(dāng)?shù)厝说纳屏己驼\實(shí)給我留下了深刻的印象。
②仁慈的行動，友好的行為：Will you do me a kindness?你能幫我的忙嗎？
king n.國王，王：He?knelt?before?the?king?and?asked?for?pardon.?他跪在國王面前請求赦罪。
The lion is the king of beasts.獅子被稱為百獸之王。
Barolo is the king of Italian red wines.巴羅洛是意大利紅葡萄酒之王。
kingdom n.王國：The mind is the kingdom of thought.頭腦是思想的王國。
kiss n.吻，親吻：She gave him a kiss.她親吻了他一下。
v.吻，親吻，接吻：It’s time to go aboard the ship so they had to kiss goodbye to each other.
是時(shí)候上船了，所以他們不得不吻別了。
kitchen n.廚房，灶間：I was cooking in the kitchen when the telephone rang.電話鈴響的時(shí)候我正在廚房里做飯。
kite n.風(fēng)箏：The children are flying kites.孩子們在放風(fēng)箏。
knee n.膝蓋：I fell and cut my knee.我把膝蓋摔破了。
knife(pl knives)n.小刀：This knife does not cut well.這把刀不好用。
knock n.敲，打：Someone is knocking at the door.有人在敲門。
v.敲，打：Please knock(on the door)before entering.請先敲門再進(jìn)來。
I knocked my head on the car door.我的頭撞在汽車門上了。
【拓展】①knock about漫游，無目的地游逛：
We?just?want?to?go?to?Beijing,?and?knock?about?for?a?few?days.
我們想去北京，在那兒幾天到處逛逛。
?I know nothing?about?him except that he knocked?about?South Africa for a while.?
我除了知道他在南非流浪/漂泊過一段時(shí)間外對他一無所知。
②knock down撞，撞倒，降價(jià)，拆除，拆卸：
The old lady was knocked down by a car when turning around the corner of the street.
老太太在街道拐角處轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)被一輛汽車撞倒了。
He died in hospital after being knocked?down?by a?car.他被車撞倒后死在了醫(yī)院。
If?you’ll?knock?down?the?price?by?another?5, it’s a?deal.??
如果你再把價(jià)格降5美元，我就買了。
Those?barbarians?at?the?Council?want?to?knock?down?the?church?and?build?a?car?park?instead.?
議會里那些野蠻的人居然想要拆掉教堂建停車場。
③knock into撞到，碰到：
He was so deep in thought, thinking of the problem that he knocked into the tree without noticing it.他思考問題太投入了，以致一不留神撞到了樹上。
—Where did you knock into your old friend, LiHua?
—It was in the firm where his brother is working.
“李華，你在哪里碰到你的老朋友的?”“是在他哥哥工作的那家公司?！?br /> ④knock off降低，下班，撞/擊倒：
I’ll knock off 20% as the iPhone is no longer new.
因?yàn)檫@臺蘋果手機(jī)已經(jīng)不是新的了，所以我要減價(jià)20%。
When?you?knock?off?work,?you’ll?be?just?in?time?to?catch?that?bus.?
你下班時(shí)坐這趟車正好。
⑤knock over打翻，撞倒：
Be?careful?no?to?knock?over?the?flower?vase.小心不要把花瓶撞倒。
know(knew, known) v.①懂得，知道，了解：She doesn’t know which to choose.她不知該選哪一個(gè)。
②認(rèn)識，熟悉：I have known him for more than 10 years.我已認(rèn)識他十幾年了。
③能識別，能區(qū)分：He doesn’t know a friend from an enemy.他不分?jǐn)秤选?br /> ④聽到：I’ve known him to run faster than that.我聽說他跑得比較快。
⑤經(jīng)歷：She has known both grief and happiness.悲傷和喜悅她都經(jīng)歷過。
【拓展】①be known as作為……出名，be known for因?yàn)椤雒?，be known to為……所知：Yuan Long Ping is known for his hybrid rice as an agricultural scientist.
袁隆平是著名的雜交水稻農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)家。
As is known to everybody, a whale is not a fish but a mammal.
正如每個(gè)人所知道的一樣，鯨不是魚而是哺乳動物。
②know about聽說，了解，知道……的情況，know of聽說：
I have known about the singer, but I don’t know him very well.
我聽說過這個(gè)歌手，但是我不是很了解他。
I don’t know about that.那事我不知道。
I know of him, but I can’t really say that I know him.我聽說過他，可是我并不認(rèn)識他。
knowledge n. ①知識，學(xué)問：Knowledge is power.知識就是力量。
②知道，了解，熟悉：It has not come to my knowledge.這我還不知道。
【拓展1】①是不可數(shù)名詞，但有時(shí)可與不定冠詞連用，表示某種程度的知識：
Residents in the remote area have little knowledge about what the disease is all about, not to mention prevention and treatment.偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的居民對這種疾病的情況知之甚少，更不用說預(yù)防和治療了。
Just tell Mike whoever has a good knowledge of physics and history is qualified for the position.只要告訴邁克，凡是精通物理和歷史的人都能勝任這個(gè)職位。
②要表示“有關(guān)……的知識”，通常要用the(one’s)knowledge of：
My knowledge of English is very poor.我的英語知識很貧乏。
③漢語說“學(xué)習(xí)知識”，英語習(xí)慣上不說study knowledge，而用get, gain, obtain, acquire等動詞。
【拓展2】knowledgeable adj.博學(xué)的，知識淵博的，有見識的，懂行的：
We?had?a?knowledgeable?guide?in?the?person?of?George?Adams.?
我們有一位見識廣博的導(dǎo)游喬治·亞當(dāng)斯。
If?you?don’t?know?much?about?cars,?take?a?knowledgeable?friend?along.?
如果你不太了解汽車，帶一個(gè)懂行的朋友一起去。
lab(=laboratory) n.實(shí)驗(yàn)室：By?the?time?he?was?ten,?he?had?already?built?a?chemistry?lab?for?himself.?
到了十歲時(shí)，他為自己建了一個(gè)化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。
labour(Am labor )n.①勞動：Difficulties strengthen the mind, as labour does the body.
困難能強(qiáng)化人的心智，正如勞動能強(qiáng)壯身體一樣。
②(常用復(fù))(辛苦的)工作：
They have succeeded by their own labors.他們通過自己的艱苦的勞動獲得了成功。
【拓展】labo(u)rer n.體力勞動者：a contract labourer合同工
lack n.缺乏：The plants died for lack of water.那些植物因缺水而枯死了。
v.缺乏：We lacked food.我們?nèi)狈Z食。
【拓展】①lack作動詞用(不用于被動語態(tài))：
Though lacking money, they still try to help the homeless.
盡管他們?nèi)卞X，但仍盡力幫助無家可歸的人。
②lack作名詞用：
(a)lack of＋n.缺乏…… no lack of不缺乏 for /through lack of因缺乏……，因沒有……
Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise.
健康問題與不良飲食習(xí)慣和缺少鍛煉息息相關(guān)。
More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities for lack of space.
因缺乏空間，在大城市里修建了越來越多的高層建筑。
Lack of confidence resulted in his failure in the interview.
缺乏自信心導(dǎo)致了他面試的失敗。
③lacking作為形容詞用：be lacking缺乏
Money was lacking for the plan.這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃缺乏資金。
ladder n.梯子，階梯：
Kate has been in hospital since she fell off a ladder and had her left arm broken.
自從從梯子上摔下來摔斷了胳膊凱特就一直住在醫(yī)院
lady n.女士，夫人，女性：
This way, please,?ladies and gentlemen.女士們，先生們，這邊請。
A lady doctor came in.一位女醫(yī)生進(jìn)來了。
lake n.湖(泊)：We took a boat across the lake.我們乘船渡湖。
Around the lake are a huge number of farms.湖的四周有大量農(nóng)場。
【拓展】中國的湖名英譯時(shí)通常加定冠詞the：the Dongting Lake洞庭湖
lamb n.羔羊，小綿羊，羔羊肉：
The little lamb was caught by the wolf.小羔羊被狼抓住了。
She is gentle like a lamb.她像只小羊羔一樣溫順。
He’s?as?innocent?as?a?newborn?lamb.他就象一只新生羔羊一樣清白。
They are roasting lamb.他們正在烤羔羊肉。
lame adj.①跛的，瘸的，殘廢的：He is lame in the right leg.他的右腳跛的。
②蹩腳的，差勁的，站不住腳的：
Lies?are?always?lame.謊言總是站不住腳的。
He?mumbled?some?lame?excuse?about?having?gone?to?sleep.?
他含含糊糊地找了個(gè)蹩腳的借口，想要解釋自己為什么睡著了。
lamp n.燈，油燈：She switched on the bedside lamp.她打開床頭燈。
With?a?flash,?the?kerosene?lamp?went?out.煤油燈閃了閃就滅了。
land n.①陸地：I came here by land.我是經(jīng)陸路來的。
②土地：Much of the land was flooded.很多土地被水淹了。
③國家，國度：Their?land?has?been?turned?into?a?police?state.?他們的國家已經(jīng)變成了一個(gè)警察國家。
v.①上岸，著陸：They landed at London from the ship.他們在倫敦離船上岸。
②登陸，使著陸；使上岸：
In 1492, Columbus landed on one of the Bahama Islands, but he mistook it for an island of India.
1492年，哥倫布在巴哈馬群島的一個(gè)島嶼上登陸，但他把它誤認(rèn)為是印度的一個(gè)島嶼。
With Chang’e-3 successfully landing, China becomes the third country in the world that has landed on the moon.隨著嫦娥三號的成功著陸，中國成為世界上第三個(gè)登上月球的國家。
③獲得：The best way to land an informational interview is via a personal connection.
獲得信息性面試機(jī)會的最好辦法是通過熟人介紹。
landscape n.風(fēng)景，風(fēng)景畫，鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)景畫，地形：
Climb onto the top of Mount Tai, and you’ll see a beautiful landscape---a sea of clouds.
爬到泰山頂，你就可以看到美麗的風(fēng)景——一片云海。
Look?there,?that?landscape?painting?is?very?natural,?vivid,?and?beautiful.?
看，那幅風(fēng)景畫非常自然，栩栩如生，實(shí)在太美了。
The?feature?of?the?landscape?is?different.這里的地形特點(diǎn)很不一樣。
lane n.車道，小路，小巷，航道，空中走廊：
The?lorry?was?travelling?at?20mph?in?the?slow?lane.卡車在慢車道上以20英里的時(shí)速行駛。
The?lane?was?lined?with?wild?flowers.小路兩邊都是野花。
The?truck?backed?out?of?the?narrow?lane.卡車退出了狹窄的小巷。
language n.語言，言語/辭：
You can never work too hard in learning a language. That’s what it takes to learn a language well.
學(xué)習(xí)語言再怎么努力也不過分。這就是學(xué)好一門語言所需要的。
A smile can help you out in many situations where language seems inadequate.
微笑可以在你言語/技窮的情況下幫助你。
lap n.①(人坐時(shí)的)膝部：She was sitting on her mother’s lap.她坐在母親的膝上。
②(跑道的)一圈：My?legs?failed?me?and?I?wasn’t?able?to?run?the?last?lap.我這腿不爭氣，最后一圈跑不動了。
laptop n.便攜式/手提/筆記本電腦：
She?never?goes?anywhere?without?her?laptop?computer.她身邊總是帶著筆記本電腦。
large adj.大的，寬大的，大量的：Canada is much larger than Britain.加拿大比英國大得多。
【拓展】①at large逍遙法外，(囚犯)在逃：
He?remains?at?large?despite?the?high?price?put?on?his?head?by?the?authorities.
盡管當(dāng)局懸賞重金緝拿他，他仍舊逍遙法外。
The?man?who?tried?to?have?her?killed?is?still?at?large.?
那個(gè)企圖雇兇殺她的男子仍然在逃。
②by and large大體上，總的來說，大體而言，大致如此：
Taking?it?by?and?large,?the?conditions?of?employment?are?good.?
從大體上說來，就業(yè)條件是好的。
last adj.①最后的：To avoid missing the last train, please check the last train times posted in stations.
為避免錯(cuò)過末班車，請核查車站張貼的末班車時(shí)間。
②(表時(shí)間)上一個(gè)，剛過去的：
It is about ten years since I met you last time.自從我上次見到你大約有十年了。
③最不……的：He’s the last man I want to see.他是我最不想見的人。
④決定性的，最終的：Who has the last word in the argument?在辯論中誰起決定性作用呢？
adv. ①最后：Who came in last?誰最后進(jìn)來的？
②上一次，最近一次：When did you last see him?你最近一次見到他是什么時(shí)候？
n.(連用the)最后一個(gè)：He was the last to arrive.他是最后一個(gè)到達(dá)的。
【拓展】at last終于：The?case?came?to?an?end?at?last.這案子終于完結(jié)了。
v.①延續(xù)，持續(xù)，維持：The big fire lasted as long as 24 hours before it was brought under control.
大火持續(xù)了24小時(shí)才被控制住。
②足夠維持，夠用(吃)：Will the petrol last(out)till we reach London?我們的汽油夠開到倫敦的嗎？
late adj.①遲的，晚的：The train was 10 minutes late.火車晚點(diǎn)10分鐘。
②(一段時(shí)間)靠后一點(diǎn)的，晚一些的：She is in her late thirties.她已近40歲了。
③最近的，剛到的：Some late news has just come in.一些最新的消息剛剛才到。
④前任的，已故的：He has a daughter by his late wife.他有一個(gè)女兒，是已故妻子生的。
adv.遲，晚：He got up very late this morning.他今天早晨起得很晚。
【拓展】①be late for與be late with：前者表示做某事遲到，后者表示做某事做晚了(=be late in doing sth)。比較：We were late for dinner.我們吃飯遲到了。
We were late with dinner(=in having dinner).我們吃飯吃得遲。
②lately adv.近來，最近：
—I have seen so little of Mike lately. Is he away on business?
—Oh, no. He just leaves for his office early and comes back very late.
“最近沒怎么看見邁克，他出去做生意了嗎？”
“哦，不，他剛剛離開去辦公室了，會很晚回來?！?br /> ③latest adv.最晚，最遲：He came the earliest and left the latest.他來得最早，走得最遲。
adj. ①最遲的，最晚的：the latest comer來得最遲的人
②最新的，最近的：the latest Paris fashion巴黎的最新時(shí)裝款式
n.(連用the)最新消息(時(shí)裝等)：
Have you heard the latest about the war?你聽到有關(guān)戰(zhàn)爭的最新消息了嗎？
later adv.①……之后，過了……：
He arrived in London on Monday, two days later he left for New York.
他星期一到了倫敦，兩天后他出發(fā)去紐約。
②后來，以后：He sold his house and later bought it back.他把房子賣了，后來又買了回來。
【拓展】①later on以后，后來，將來：
I’ll call again later on.我以后再打電話來。
Later on he realized his mistake.后來了意識到了自己的錯(cuò)誤。
②sooner or later遲早，早晚有一天：
The truth will sooner or later come out.真相遲早會大白的。
③later adj.后期的，晚期的：
You needn’t set out now because the meeting won’t begin until three hours later.
你不必現(xiàn)在就出發(fā)，因?yàn)闀h要到三小時(shí)后才開始。
latter n.(兩者中的)后者(可作代詞用)：
Of the two speeches, I think the latter was better.在這兩個(gè)講座中，我認(rèn)為后者更好一些。
adj.①后期的，后來的：I?must?face?the?question?to?find?the?job?in?the?latter?half?of?the?year.
在下半年的時(shí)間里，我必須面對找工作的問題。
laugh n.笑，笑聲：When I mentioned Jim, he let out a loud laugh.我提到吉姆時(shí)，他發(fā)出了一聲大笑。
v. ①笑，大笑：He laughs best who laughs last.笑到最后的人笑得最好。
His strong sense of humor was such as to make everyone in the room burst out laughing.
他如此幽默，全屋的人都被他逗樂了。
②嘲笑，對……一笑置之：
The girl was unhappy because she was laughed at by some boys in the class.
這個(gè)女孩不開心，因?yàn)樗恢北话嗌系囊恍┠泻⑺靶Α?br /> 【拓展】①laugh off 一笑置之，以笑來驅(qū)除/消除：
The couple laughed?off?rumours that their marriage was in?trouble
夫妻兩人對他們婚姻出現(xiàn)問題的謠言一笑置之。
The?girl?was?brave?enough?to?laugh?off?her?pain.這姑娘很勇敢，把痛不當(dāng)回事。
②laugh one’s head off笑得前仰后合，笑掉大牙，捧腹大笑：
I laughed my head off at hearing his story.聽到他的故事我笑得前仰后合(讓我捧腹大笑)。
laughter n.笑，笑聲：She burst into laughter=She burst out laughing.她突然大笑起來。
Laughter is the best medicine.笑是最佳良藥。
launch v.發(fā)射，發(fā)動：What is known to us all is that China has launched Shenzhou VII spaceship, which made
the country’s first spacewalk successful.
眾所周知，中國已經(jīng)發(fā)射了神州7號宇宙飛船，這是中國首次成功的太空行走。
The?fact?that?he?is?gone?has?given?more?weight?to?fears?that?he?may?try?to?launch?a?civil?war.
他已經(jīng)離開這一事實(shí)讓人更擔(dān)心他會發(fā)動一場內(nèi)戰(zhàn)。
n.投擲，投入：Nearly?three?weeks?since?its?launch,?the?system?is?barely?functional.?
該系統(tǒng)投入使用近三個(gè)星期以來，幾乎沒有起到什么作用
laundry n.①洗衣店，洗衣房：We had to have the washing done at the?laundry.我們得把衣服拿到洗衣店去洗。
②(連用the)洗好的衣物，待洗的衣服：Has the laundry come back?東西洗回來了嗎？
law n. ①法律：The law is equally applied to everyone. No one shall be above it.
法律面前人人平等。沒有人能凌駕于法律之上。
These birds are very rare and therefore they are supposed to be protected by law.
這些鳥非常稀有，因此應(yīng)該受到法律的保護(hù)。
②(具體的)法律條款：There is a law against murder.有一條針對謀殺的法律。
lawyer n.律師：My lawyer will appear for me in court.我的律師將為我出庭。
lay(laid, laid) v.
①放，擱，擺：Lay your coat on the bed.把你的外衣放在床上。
②使處于某種狀態(tài)：The country was laid in ruins.這個(gè)國家成了廢墟。
③產(chǎn)卵：Are your hens laying yet?你的母雞下蛋了嗎？
④把……加于，把……歸(罪)于：He laid the failure to me.他把失敗歸罪于我。
【拓展】①lay aside積蓄(金錢)，留出(時(shí)間)，把……放在一邊：
Don’t spend money in the generous way. You should lay aside some money for when you are in trouble.花錢不要大手大腳。你應(yīng)該存些錢以防困難之需。
②lay down放下，鋪設(shè)，建造，放棄：
The?drug-traffickers?have?offered?to?lay?down?their?arms.毒販們主動放下了武器。
The government are making their efforts to find a right place on which to build a monument in memory of the people who laid down their lives in defense of the people’s safety and property.政府正在努力尋找一塊適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤叫藿o(jì)念碑，來紀(jì)念那些為了保護(hù)人民生命安全和財(cái)產(chǎn)安全而犧牲的人們。
③lay off停止(工作、活動等休息)，裁員，解雇：
Since Jack was laid off from his job three months ago, he has been looking for a new one, but
without luck.自從杰克三個(gè)月前被解雇后，他一直在找個(gè)新的工作，但是不走運(yùn)。
④lay out擺開，展示，布置，安排，投資：
Someone has upset the photographs I laid out so carefully, which made me quite angry.
有人弄亂了我精心布置的照片，這讓我非常生氣。
What’s the point in laying out money on something you’ll only wear once?
花錢買一件你只穿一次的衣服有什么意義呢？
layer n.層，層次：A?fresh?layer?of?snow?covered?the?street.街上覆蓋了一層新雪。
lazy adj. ①懶惰的，偷懶的：He is too lazy to do anything.他太懶，什么都不做。
He is a lazy bone.他是個(gè)懶骨頭/懶蟲。
②令人懶散的：We spent a lazy day at the beach.我們在海灘上度過了閑散的一天。
lead(led, led) v.①領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，帶領(lǐng)，牽引：Sidney led us through the wood.西德尼帶領(lǐng)我們穿過樹林。
②領(lǐng)先，率先：Who’s leading in the race?誰在賽跑中領(lǐng)先？
③過……生活：I want to lead my own life.我要過我自己的生活。
n.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位，領(lǐng)先地位：Xiao?Li?takes?the?lead?in?everything.小李事事都走在頭里。
【拓展】①lead to通向(某地)；導(dǎo)致(某結(jié)果)：
All roads lead to Rome.條條道路通羅馬。
Experts have found that the disease will lead to a greater increase in the number of
sufferers unless treated seriously when the symptom first appears.專家已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，除非在
癥狀首次出現(xiàn)時(shí)得到認(rèn)真治療，否則這種疾病將導(dǎo)致患者人數(shù)增加。
②lead sb. to do sth.的意思是“使某人做某事”(有時(shí)含有誤導(dǎo)之意)：
What he said led us to believe that he had a lot of money.
他說的話使我們相信他有很多錢。
③lead sb. in doing sth.的意思是“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)(帶領(lǐng))某人做某事”：
Our Party leads us in building socialism.我們黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)我們建設(shè)社會主義。
④leading adj.最重要的，主要的，指導(dǎo)的，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的：
As is expected, AI is an area where China may appear as a leading force.
正如所料，人工智能是一個(gè)中國可能成為主導(dǎo)力量的領(lǐng)域。
She?was?elected?to?a?new?leading?post.?她被推選到新的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)崗位上去。
The leading members of the departments are having a meeting.各部門負(fù)責(zé)人正在開會。
leader n.①領(lǐng)先者：The leader of the race is just coming into view.
這次賽跑跑在最前面的人剛剛出現(xiàn)在我們眼前。
②領(lǐng)袖，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人：He was acknowledged as their leader.他被公認(rèn)為他們的領(lǐng)袖。
Leaders of the two countries have had frequent contacts and continuously promoted their political
mutual trust.兩國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人交往頻繁，政治互信不斷增強(qiáng)。
leadership n.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的才能或能力：
He?praised?her?leadership?during?the?crisis.他贊揚(yáng)她在危機(jī)中領(lǐng)導(dǎo)有方。
Under?the wise leadership of the Party,?we?have won?one?victory?after?another.??
在黨的英明領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，我們?nèi)〉靡粋€(gè)又一個(gè)的勝利。
leaf(pl leaves) n. ①葉，樹葉：In autumn the leaves turn brown.秋天葉子變成黃色。
②(書刊等的)張(包括正反兩面，相當(dāng)于two pages)：
A leaf has been torn out.一張書紙被撕下來。
league n.①同盟，聯(lián)盟：the Community Youth League共青團(tuán)
②(足球等)聯(lián)合會，聯(lián)賽：
Our team is top of the football league this year.我們隊(duì)是今年足球聯(lián)賽中最好的隊(duì)。
leak v.①滲(出)，漏(出)：The air has leaked out of this football. Could you get it blown up?
這只足球已經(jīng)漏氣了，你能給它充上氣嗎？
②泄露：—What happened? Your boss seems to fly?off?the?handle.
—Didn’t?you?know?his?secretary?leaked?the?secret?report?to?the?press?
“發(fā)生什么事啦？你老板看起來勃然大怒。”
“你難道不知道他的秘書把秘密報(bào)告泄露給新聞界了嗎？”
Your secret appears to have leaked out.看來你的秘密已經(jīng)泄漏出去了。
n.①泄漏，漏洞，漏處，漏出物：
There was enough evidence to prove that the explosion in Robinson’s house resulted from the leak of natural gas.有足夠的證據(jù)證明魯賓孫房子的爆炸是由于天然氣的泄漏引起的。
Stop?a?leak?in?a?pipe.堵住管子的漏洞。
I can smell a gas leak.我聞到了漏出煤氣的味道。
learn(learnt, learnt或learned, learned) v.
①學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)會：Those who learn not only from books but also through practice will succeed.
那些不但從課本上學(xué)習(xí)而且從實(shí)踐中學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生將會成功。
If you want to learn Chinese, you may learn from her. She speaks very standard Chinese.
如果你想學(xué)漢語，你可以向她學(xué)習(xí)。她說一口標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的漢語。
②聽到，意識到，了解到：I learnt from her letter that she was ill.我從她信里得知她病了。
③記?。篒’ve learned this poem by heart.這首詩我記熟了。
【拓展】learned adj.
①有學(xué)問的，博學(xué)的：Our teacher is a learned man.我們的老師是個(gè)有才華的人。
②學(xué)術(shù)上的，學(xué)問上的：
Recently,?many?excellent?achievements?have?been?published?in?famous?learned?journals.
近年來，已有大量這方面的優(yōu)秀成果相繼發(fā)表在著名的學(xué)術(shù)刊物上。
least adj.最少的，最小的：He has least money of us all.我們當(dāng)中他的錢最少。
n.(連用the)最少，最小，最少量：
I do think Tom’s conduct that evening was, to say the least, strange.
我認(rèn)為湯姆那天晚上的舉動至少可以說是奇怪的。
adv.最少，最小：He is one who worked least and was paid most.他是工作最少而得報(bào)酬最多的人。
【拓展】①least of all尤其不，最不：
With the final exams coming, Mark, the top student in our class, is not worried about Chinese, and
least of all English.隨著期末考試的臨近，作為優(yōu)秀生的馬克不擔(dān)心語文，更不擔(dān)心英語。
—You are not afraid of snakes, are you?
—No, certainly not. Not rats, not flies, and least of all ants.
“你不怕蛇，是嗎？”“是的，當(dāng)然不怕。不怕老鼠，不怕蒼蠅，尤其不怕螞蟻?！?br /> ②at least至少：You might at least have written to me.你至少應(yīng)該給我來封信。
When Mary saw me, she would smile and nod at me, or at least she would do either as a greeting.
瑪麗見到我的時(shí)候都會朝我點(diǎn)頭笑一笑，或者至少她會點(diǎn)個(gè)頭或者笑一笑來打招呼。
③not in the least一點(diǎn)(也不)，絲毫(不)：
—Would you mind if I turned the television on?
—No, not in the least.
“你介意我打開電視機(jī)嗎？”“不介意，我一點(diǎn)也不介意?！?br /> ④last?but?not?least最后一個(gè)(但不是最不重要的)：
Last?but?not?least,?we?have?to?find?a?way?to?solve?this?problem?peacefully.
最后，我們必須找到和平解決問題的方法。
leather n.皮革：The suitcase is made of leather.這個(gè)提箱是皮制的。
leave(left, left) v.
①離開，舍棄：
My boss always found fault with me, which was why I decided to leave the company.
我的老板總是對我吹毛求疵，這就是我為什么決定離開公司的原因。
②留下，忘帶：She left a letter for us.她給我們留下一封信。
③把……留給，托給，委托：I’ll leave the key with you.我把鑰匙留給你。
④使……處于……狀態(tài)，聽任：Did you leave the window open?你讓窗戶開著的嗎？
⑤剩下，留給：Such a man as leaves his work half done is not reliable.
如此做事半途而廢的人是不可靠的。
They left me no food.=They left no food for me.他們沒有給我留食物。
⑥去，出發(fā)：We are leaving for Beijing soon.我們不久要去北京。
He left Paris for New York.他從巴黎出發(fā)到紐約。
n.①假，假期：Can I have an hour’s leave?我可以請一個(gè)小時(shí)的假嗎？
②準(zhǔn)許，批準(zhǔn)：In case you give me leave I will start at once.如你許可，我立即出發(fā)。
【拓展】①leave sb. to do sth.與leave sb. doing sth.：前者表示要某人去做某事，后者表示使某人處于做某事的狀態(tài)中：
He left me to wash the clothes.他讓我去洗衣服。
His letter left me feeling pretty bad.他的信讓我感到很難受。
②leave sth. for sb.與leave sth. to sb.：
前者表示給某人留下某物(可換成雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu))，后者表示把某物委托給某人(其中的to可換成with)：
Someone left this note for you.= Someone left you this note.有人給你留下了這張條子。
You’d better leave the matter to [with] me.你最好把這事交給我辦。
leave sth. to sb.有時(shí)還可表示某人死后把某物留給某人：
My aunt left a large fortune to me.=My aunt left me a large fortune.
我姑媽死后給我留下一大筆財(cái)產(chǎn)。
③leave所構(gòu)成的動詞短語的意義，請看下列各句：
—These children are always arguing.
—Just leave them alone. After a while, they will be OK.
“這些孩子老是爭吵?！薄皠e理會他們，過一會兒他們就好了?！?br /> The teacher stressed again that the students should not leave out any important details while retelling the story.老師再次強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生在復(fù)述故事時(shí)不應(yīng)漏掉任何重要的細(xì)節(jié)。
It’s Mary’s own fault if she feels left out
要是瑪麗感到在晚會上遭冷落，那是她自己的過錯(cuò)，她一點(diǎn)也不想親近人們。
—Why did you leave out the third paragraph of the composition?
—Because I think it was off the point.
“你為什么刪掉了這篇作文的第三段？”“因?yàn)槲矣X得它跑題了?！?
We’re?going?to?be?left?behind?by?the?rest?of?the?world.我們將被全世界甩在后面。
Don’t?leave?any?of?your?belongings?behind.別忘了帶上自己的隨身物品。
She?has?been?deliberately?left?off?the?guest?list.她被故意排除在嘉賓名單之外。
Where?did?we?leave?off?last?time??我們上次講到哪兒了？
Are?you?going?to?leave?us?alone??你要丟下我們不管嗎？
I can lunch off the bread left over from yesterday.午餐我可以吃昨天剩下的面包。
I’ll?leave?for?Beijing?tomorrow.我明天動身去北京。
lecture n.①講演，演講，講課：
Neither?the?subject?nor?the?title?of?this?lecture?is?of?my?own?choice.?
這次講演的主題與題目都不是我自己選定的。
The?professor?in?his?lecture?went?beyond?the?capacity?of?his?audience.?
這位教授的講課超過了聽眾的接受能力。
②訓(xùn)斥：Father?gave?me?a?lecture?for?speeding.父親因我超速行駛而訓(xùn)斥了我一頓。
v. ①講演，演講，講課：
After?he?finished?the?book,?he?found?time?to?lecture?at?various?colleges.?
他完成那本書后就有時(shí)間在各大學(xué)講演。
She lectures on English history.她講授英國歷史。
②教訓(xùn)，訓(xùn)誡：
Before?you?lecture?me,?Mr.?Abbey,?I?suggest?you?set?your?house?in?order.
阿比先生，在你教訓(xùn)我之前，我建議你先把自己的事管好。
I?think?it?was?one?special?kind?of?happiness?lectured?by?mother.?
我想這就是媽媽訓(xùn)誡我的一種特殊的幸福吧。
left adj.①(作定語)左邊的：The post office is on the left side of the street.郵局在街道左側(cè)。
②左派的，左翼的：He’s very left.他非常左傾。
adv.向左，向左側(cè)：Turn left when you reach the corner.在拐角處向左轉(zhuǎn)。
n.①(連用the)左邊，左方：Turn to the left!向左轉(zhuǎn)！
②左派：The?government’s?industrial?policy?has?been?fiercely?attacked?by?the?left.
政府的工業(yè)政策遭到了左派的猛烈抨擊。
leg n.腿：He?fell?over?and?broke?his?left?leg.他跌倒摔斷了左腿。
【拓展】用于諺語：on one’s last legs玩完，倒閉，奄奄一息：
This?relationship?is?on?its?last?legs.這段關(guān)系已經(jīng)快玩兒完了。
Dick's?firm?is?on?its?last?legs.迪克的公司就要倒閉了。
It?looks?as?though?her?grandfather's?on?his?last?legs.她的爺爺看起來快死了。
legal adj.法律的，合法的，法定的，法律(上)的：
We?engage?you?as?a?legal?adviser.我們聘請你當(dāng)法律顧問。
Gambling?is?legal?in?some?countries.在某些國家里賭錢是合法的。
Great!?This?is?a?traditional?festival?for?Chinese?people,?and?a?legal?national holiday!?
太好了！這對中國人來說是個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的節(jié)日，也是國家法定的節(jié)假日！
【拓展】參看詞條illegal adj.。
lemon n.檸檬：It tastes of lemon.它有檸檬味道。
adj.含檸檬的，檸檬味的，檸檬色的：
He bought a lemon jacket.他買了一件檸檬色的夾克。
lend(lent, lent) v. 借給：
Can you lend me the book that you were reading this morning？
你能把今天早晨你在看的那本書借給我嗎？
【拓展】參看詞條hand中的lend a hand。
length n.長，長度：The length of the bridge is 200 meters.這座橋有200米長。
【拓展】①lengthen v. 延長：
Researchers in Italy say moderate drinking may lengthen your life, while too much may shorten
it.意大利研究人員指出，盡管酗酒會縮短壽命，但適度飲酒卻能延年益壽。
②at length最后，終于，詳細(xì)地，詳盡地：
At?length?my?father?went?into?the?house.我父親最后進(jìn)了屋。
We have already discussed this plan at length, so next we should spare no effort to carry it out.
我們已經(jīng)詳細(xì)的討論了這個(gè)計(jì)劃，所以下面我們會竭盡全力的把它完成。
lesson n. ①課，功課：Extra lessons on Sundays put more pressure on students, who already have piles of
homework.星期日額外的課程給本來給已經(jīng)有很多作業(yè)的學(xué)生更多的壓力。
②教訓(xùn)：Never in my life will I forget the lesson he gave me.
在我生活中，我絕不會忘記他給我的教訓(xùn)。
let(let, let) v. ①允許，讓：I’ll let you know.我會讓你知道的。
②出租：This house is to let.這棟房子出租。
【拓展】①let alone更不用說：
He has never travelled out of his hometown, let alone to a foreign country.
他還從來沒有離開過家鄉(xiāng)，更別說出國了。
②let off放出，排放；不懲罰，寬?。?br /> The more petrol and electricity we consume, the more carbon we will let off.
我們消耗的汽油和電力越多，我們排放的碳就越多。
When John was arrested for drunken driving, he expected to lose his driving license, but he was let off with a fine.當(dāng)約翰因酒駕被捕時(shí)，他有可能會被吊銷駕照，但是他被處罰金后釋放了。
③let out放出，釋放，發(fā)出(聲音)，出租，泄漏，(將衣服的尺寸)放大、放寬或放長：
It?lets?sunlight?in?but?doesn’t?let?heat?out.它吸收陽光，但并不釋放熱量。
The car let out a loud noise and then quickly disappeared in the distance.
汽車發(fā)出一聲巨響，然后很快消失在遠(yuǎn)處。
The?house?has?been?let?out.房子已租出去了。
When was it that you let out the secret?你是什么時(shí)候泄漏秘密的？
I’m sorry, but I didn’t mean to let out your secret.
對不起，我不是有意泄露你的秘密的。
James has put on so much weight recently that his mother has to let out all his trousers to his measure.吉米最近體重增加很多以至于他的媽媽不得不把他的褲子依照他的尺寸放寬。
④let the cat out of the bag (無意中)泄露秘密，說漏嘴：
Then came the silence, each waiting for the others to let the cat out of the bag.
接著是一片寂靜，每個(gè)人都在等著別人把秘密泄露出去。
letter n.①字母：Start the sentence with a capital letter.句子的第一個(gè)字母要大寫。
②信：Mary?received?a?love?letter.?瑪麗收到了一封情書.
letter-box n.信箱，郵筒：Where?is the?nearest?letter?box??離這里最近的郵政信箱在哪兒?
level n.①水平面，層面：The top of this mountain is two miles above sea level.這個(gè)山頂海拔兩英里。
②水準(zhǔn)，程度，級別：The level of pollution in the river was falling.河流的污染程度在下降。
adj.同水平的，同高度的：
The?tree?top?is?level?with?the?roof.樹梢和屋頂齊平。
He?succeeded?in?drawing?level?with?her?in?the?class.他和她在班上取得的成績不相上下。
liberal adj.自由的，開明的，慷慨的：
In contrast with the liberal social climate of the present, traditions in the past were relatively conservative.
和現(xiàn)在自由的社會風(fēng)氣相比，過去的傳統(tǒng)相對來說比較保守。
The customer left the waiter a liberal tip because he had been especially friendly and helpful.
因?yàn)檫@位服務(wù)員特別友好和樂于助人，這位顧客給他留下了十分慷慨的小費(fèi)。
【拓展】liberalization n.自由主義化：
We human beings experience a great liberalization and open-mindedness.
我們?nèi)祟惤?jīng)歷了偉大的自由主義化和思想開明。
liberation n.解放，釋放：
Before liberation the laboring people had no access to education.
解放前，勞動人民沒有受教育的權(quán)利。
Now the People’s Liberation Army is equipped with very modern weapons, which no one dares to look down upon.現(xiàn)在中國人民解放軍配備了現(xiàn)代化的武器沒人敢小視。
【拓展】liberate v.解放，釋放：Lincoln liberated American slaves.林肯解放了美國的(黑人)奴隸。
liberty n.自由，解放，釋放：
Women?gained?political?liberty?after?the?Women’s?Liberation?Movement.?
女性在婦女解放運(yùn)動后獲得了政治上的自由。
We felt excited so much when we saw the Statue of Liberty in America last year.
去年在美國我們看到自由女神像時(shí)覺得特別興奮。
There?is?no?formal?confirmation?so?far?that?he?is?at?liberty.?
目前還沒有正式確認(rèn)他已經(jīng)獲得人身自由。
librarian n.圖書管理員，圖書館館長：
The?librarian?entered?a?new?book?in the?catalogue.圖書管理員把一本新書編入目錄。
His?father?is?the?librarian?of?our?school?library.他父親是我們學(xué)校的圖書館館長。
library n.①圖書館，圖書室：The library is closed on weekends.周末圖書館關(guān)門。
②藏書，書房：
Professor Hunter has a library of about five thousand books.漢特教授約有五千冊藏書。
I found him working in his library when I called.我去拜訪他時(shí)看到他在書房里工作。
license n.執(zhí)照，許可證：You must not drive without a license.你不得無證開車。
lid n.蓋子：Where is the lid of the teapot?茶壺蓋兒在哪兒？
lie1 v.說謊：You are lying!你撒謊！
n.謊言，假話：His excuse for being late for school yesterday was unbelievable. He is always telling lies.
他昨天遲到的借口是不可信的。他總是撒謊。
lie2 (lay, lain) v.
①躺，臥，平放：He lay on the grass enjoying the sunshine.他躺在草地上享受陽光。
②位于，在……位置：
The small town lies among the mountains.小鎮(zhèn)位于群山之中。
East of the mountain lie two towns, one of which is my hometown.
在山的東面有兩座城市，其中一個(gè)是我的故鄉(xiāng)。
③保持……狀態(tài)：He lay in prison for 7 years.他在獄中呆了7年。
【拓展】①動詞lie表示“說謊”時(shí)，是規(guī)則動詞：lied, lied, lying
表示“趟”、“臥”、“平放”、“位于”等，是不規(guī)則動詞：lay, lain, lying
用于本詞條的意思時(shí)，其過去式為lay，注意不要將其與原形動詞lay(放，置，下蛋l(fā)aid, laid)混淆：
The cook lied that the egg lying on the table was laid by him.
廚師撒謊說桌子上的那個(gè)雞蛋是他放的。
②lie in在于：
Both?the?starting?point?and?final?goal?of?the?human?progress?cause?lie?in?the?all-round?
development?of?man.人類進(jìn)步事業(yè)的出發(fā)點(diǎn)和最終歸宿，都在于人的全面發(fā)展。
life(pl lives) n.
①人命，性命：Five lives were lost in the car accident.車禍中有五人喪命。
②生命，生物：Where there is life, there is hope.留得青山在，不怕沒柴燒。
③人生：Life isn’t all fun.人生并不全是歡樂。
④一生，終生：Have you lived in China all your life?你這一輩子都住在中國嗎？
⑤生活，生計(jì)：They have very busy lives.他們過著十分忙碌的生活。
lift v.提升，抬起，舉起：I couldn’t lift the stone.我搬不起那塊石頭。
If he continues like this, he will end up lifting a stone only to have it drop on his own foot, just as the old saying goes.如果他繼續(xù)這樣，正如俗話所說，他將最后搬起石頭砸自己的腳，自食后果。
【拓展】①lift off(飛機(jī)、火箭等)起飛，升空，發(fā)射：
When the spaceship was lifting off, I could really feel the high gravity.
當(dāng)飛船升空的時(shí)候，我能感覺到很強(qiáng)的地球引力。
②lift up抬起，舉起：
Lift?up?your?head,?Nancy?Lee,?and?smile?at?me!?
南茜·李，抬起頭來，對我笑一笑！
n. ①(英)電梯：I took the lift to the 10th floor.我搭電梯上10樓。
②升舉，提：The lift of 50 kilos is beyond me.我無法舉起50公斤重(的東西)。
③(心情的)高漲，鼓舞；振奮：
My selection for the team has given me a tremendous lift.入選該隊(duì)給了我極大的鼓舞。
The victory gave our spirits a lift.那場勝利使我們的精神為之一振。
④搭便車：He gave me a lift to the station in his car.他讓我搭他的汽車去火車站。
light n.①光，光線，光亮：The sun gives light and heat.太陽發(fā)出光和熱。
②白晝，日光：I want to finish this painting before the light goes.
我要趁著在天色未暗以前把這張畫完成。
③電燈，電筒：A red light is often used as a danger signal.紅燈常被用作危險(xiǎn)的信號。
v.①點(diǎn)火，點(diǎn)燃：He lit(up)a cigarette.他點(diǎn)著一支香煙。
②照亮：The candle lit up the room.蠟燭照亮了房間。
③(使……)出現(xiàn)喜色：A smile lit up her face.她笑容滿面。
adj.①輕的：Oil is lighter than water.油比水輕。
②淺色的：Blue and white make light blue.藍(lán)色和白色合在一起就成了淺藍(lán)色。
【拓展】①light用作動詞時(shí)，其過去式或過去分詞有l(wèi)ighted和lit兩種形式，其區(qū)別是：多用lit，但若用于名詞前作定語，則通常用lighted：
A lighted candle was on the table. It lit up the small room.
桌上有一支點(diǎn)燃的蠟燭。它照亮了小房間。
②in light of本著，鑒于，由于，按照，比照：
In?light?of?these?changes,?we?must?revise?our?plan.??
鑒于這些變化，我們必須重新修訂我們的計(jì)劃。
We?can?draw up our?plan?in??light?of?the?experience?of?other?factories.?
我們可以比照其它工廠的做法擬定計(jì)劃。
lightning n.閃電：The lightning flashed in the sky.空中電光閃閃。
like v. ①喜歡，愿意：On Sundays I like sleeping/to sleep late.星期天我愛睡懶覺。
②想要：We would like you to come and visit us.我們希望你到我們這里來做客。
【拓展】①How do you like...?你覺得……怎么樣：How do you like the film?你覺得這部電影怎么樣？②if you like如果你愿意，隨你的便：
If you like, we could go out this evening.如果你愿意，今晚我們可以出去。
③would like to do sth.=feel like doing sth.想要做某事
—I would like to go for a walk.我要去散步。
—But I feel like going shopping.但是我想去買東西。
prep.①像，跟……一樣：Do it like this.照這樣做。
②例如，諸如：There are lots of people interested, like Mr. Jones and Mr. Simpson.
許多人感興趣，諸如瓊斯先生和辛普森先生。
conj.(口語)像……一樣：Even though he is an adult now, he is still like a child.
盡管他現(xiàn)在是一個(gè)成年人，但他還像個(gè)孩子一樣。
adv.大概，可能(非正式口語，思考說下句話、解釋或舉例時(shí)用)：
It was kind of scary, like.這可能是有幾分可怕。
It’s really hard. Like I have no time for my own work.這事真費(fèi)勁，可能我沒時(shí)間做我自己的事了。
【拓展】①表示“喜歡”時(shí)，后接動詞不定式或動名詞作賓語或賓語補(bǔ)足語均可，且含義大致相同。但當(dāng)它與would連用時(shí)，其后接動詞只能用不定式：
We’d like to know the reason why he was late today.我們想知道他今天遲到的原因。
②在以下這類句型中的it通常不能省略：
I don’t like it when she tells me how to do things.我不喜歡她對我做事指手劃腳。
likely adj.①很可能的：
We’ve just heard a warning on the radio that a heavy snow is likely to come this evening.
我們已經(jīng)從廣播里聽到了警報(bào)，今天晚上很可能會有一場大雪。
②有希望的：She is the most likely girl to win the prize.她是最有希望得獎的女孩。
adv.很可能：She will very likely come by bus.她很可能乘公共汽車來。
【拓展】①比較同義句：
He is likely to come to the meeting.=It’s likely that he will come to the meeting.
他可能會來開會。
②用作副詞時(shí)，通常與most 或very連用：He will most likely be late.他很可能會遲到。
③unlikely adj.不可能的：
So ill was she that it seemed unlikely that she would pull through.
她病得很重，看來不可能康復(fù)了。
limit v.限定，限制：Traveling abroad was limited to rich tourists and wealthy business people decades ago.
十幾年前出國旅游還僅限于有錢的游客和富有的商人。
n.①(事物的)界限，限度，極限：There is a limit to everything.任何事情都有個(gè)限度。
The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but whether he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.一般來說，一個(gè)人的智力極限在出生時(shí)是固定的，但他是否達(dá)到這些極限將取決于他所處的環(huán)境。
②范圍：No fishing is allowed within a twenty-mile limit.20英里范圍內(nèi)不準(zhǔn)垂釣。
【拓展】①limitless adj.無限制的，無界限的，無限度的，無止境的：
No?one?in?his?senses?can?believe?that?we?have?a?limitless?period?of?time?before?us.?
沒有一個(gè)有理性的人會相信，擺在我們前面還有無限制的時(shí)間。
②limitation n.局限性：
I realized how possible it was to overcome your limitations, to achieve well beyond what you believe yourself capable of.我意識到，要超越自己的局限、取得超乎自己想象的成就是完全有可能的。
limited adj.限制的，有限的：
Because of the limited time, he didn’t go into details on the subject.
由于時(shí)間有限，他沒有對這個(gè)問題作詳細(xì)的說明。他只是泛泛地說了幾句。
line n. ①線，線條：
Sign your name on the dotted line.請?jiān)谔摼€上簽名。
Place?your?right?toe?in?line?with?your?left?heel.把右腳趾與左腳跟排成一直線。
②繩：Hang the clothes on the line.把這些衣服掛在晾衣繩上。
③排，行：To fully understand the writer, we must read not only between the lines, but sometimes beyond the lines.為了充分理解作者(的意思)，我們必須不僅理解字里行間的意思，有時(shí)候還要理解超出字面的意思。
④線路，路線，電話線：Hold the line, please!請不要掛斷電話！
⑤(常用復(fù))臺詞：Have you learnt your lines yet?你的臺詞背熟了嗎?
v.①劃線(于)：lined paper印有橫格的紙
②(使)沿……排成行：The side of the lake was lined by trees.湖岸邊種著一排樹。
【拓展】line up (使)排隊(duì)，(使)排成一行：
Line?up these?men?and?see?if?the?witness?can?recognize?the?criminal.?
讓這些人站成一排看看見證人能否從中把罪犯認(rèn)出來。
link v.連接，聯(lián)系：
As long as online payment is safe, people will be more likely to link their bank cards to WeChat.
只要在線支付安全，人們更可能把他們的銀行卡和微信連接在一起。
n.連接物，鏈環(huán)：A lot of links fitted together form a chain.許多鏈環(huán)連在一起組成鏈條。
【拓展】表示“把……與……連接(聯(lián)系)起來”，可用link...to/with...：
We should link up theory with practice.我們應(yīng)該理論聯(lián)系實(shí)踐。
be linked to/with涉及，與……連接(有聯(lián)系)：
The?authorities?insist?that?the?discussions?must?not?be?linked?to?any?other?issue
當(dāng)局堅(jiān)持此次討論不得涉及其他任何問題。
The new government decided to encourage industries based on technology, which was linked with biology.新政府決定鼓勵以和生物有關(guān)的科技為基礎(chǔ)的行業(yè)。
lion n.獅子：The lion is the king of the beasts.獅子是百獸之王。
lip n.嘴唇：He kissed her on the lips.他吻了她的嘴唇。
liquid n.液體：Water is a liquid.水是液體。
adj.液體的：I’d like to have some liquid food.我想吃點(diǎn)兒稀的。
list n.一覽表，清單：
Mike checked the list again and again to see if he had left anything out.
邁克一遍又一遍地檢查清單，看有沒有漏掉什么。
Can you make a list of the use we make of the new equipment?
你能把我們使用新設(shè)備的情況列個(gè)清單嗎？
v.把……列表(造冊)：He listed all the things he has to do.他列出了所有他要做的事情。
listen v.聽，留神聽，聽取(意見)，聽……話：
I listened but heard nothing.我側(cè)耳細(xì)聽，但什么也聽不見。
She pretended to be listening to the manager, but actually she was thinking about something else.
她假裝正在聽經(jīng)理講話，但是事實(shí)上她正在思考別的。
They haven’t solved the problem yet. If only she had listened to what he said!
他們還沒有解決這個(gè)問題。要是她聽了他的話就好了。
literally adv.逐字地，照字面地：
He took my words?literally;?I didn’t mean that way.
他竟然沒聽懂我話里有話，我真的不是那個(gè)意思啊。
He translated this article literally.他一字一句地翻譯這篇文章。
literary adj.文學(xué)的：I joined a club while at college, whose members were all literary lovers.
在大學(xué)時(shí)我參加了一個(gè)俱樂部，其成員都是文學(xué)愛好者。
literature n.①文學(xué)，文學(xué)作品：
Reading her biography, I was in admiration for what Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.
讀了她的傳記，我對多麗絲·萊辛在文學(xué)上的成就感到欽佩。
②文獻(xiàn)，資料：This?work?is?documented?in?the?scientific?literature.這一著作被列為科學(xué)文獻(xiàn)。
litre (Am liter) n.升，公升：A?litre?of?gas?has?less?mass?than?a?litre?of?water.一升氣體的質(zhì)量小于一升水的質(zhì)量。
litter n.亂扔的東西：No litter, please.請勿亂丟垃圾。
v.亂丟(……于)：In Singapore, people who litter or dirty the street are most likely to be fined.
在新加坡，在街上亂扔垃圾弄臟街道的人很有可能會被罰款。
little(less, least) adj.
①小的，矮小的：It’s only a little house.這只是一所小房子。
②短暫的：Won’t you stay a little time with me?你不愿意陪我一會兒？
③幼小的，年幼的：She is too little to ride a bicycle.她年齡太小，還不能騎自行車。
④不重要的：Don’t worry about little things.別為了瑣事而煩惱。
Don’t?think?little?of?the?combinations?of?pictures?and?words.可不要小看那么些圖文組合。
⑤(表否定)幾乎沒有，少到幾乎沒有：We need little help.我們不需要什么幫助。
⑥(跟a連用)一點(diǎn)：I have a little money.我有一點(diǎn)兒錢。
adv.①(表否定)幾乎沒有，幾乎不，毫不：
Little did they know that the truth would be discovered.
他們一點(diǎn)也不知道實(shí)情會被發(fā)現(xiàn)。
②(跟a連用)稍許，有點(diǎn)：
Could you give me a little more attention to spelling?你稍微注意一下拼寫好嗎?
n.①(跟a連用) (表肯定)一點(diǎn)，少許：He knows a little of everything.他什么都懂一點(diǎn)兒。
②(表否定)少到幾乎沒有：Little remains to be said.幾乎沒有什么可說的了。
【拓展1】①用作形容詞表示“小”時(shí)，后接可數(shù)名詞(單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù))；表示“少”時(shí)，后接不可數(shù)名詞。
②表示量“少”時(shí)，little與a little有區(qū)別：前者表示否定意義，表示很少或少到幾乎沒有；后者表示肯定意義，表示量雖少，但畢竟還有：
He knows a little about it, doesn’t he?他對此事略知一二，是嗎？
He knows little about it, does he?他對此事幾乎一無所知，是嗎？
③not a little很，非常，不是一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)：
After?a?whole?day's?work,?I?was?not?a?little?tired.過去一整天，我感到很累。
She?spent?not?a?little?on?her?clothing.她買衣服用了很多錢。
【拓展2】less adj.較少的，更少的：
Eat less meat and more vegetables.少吃些肉，多吃些蔬菜。
adv.較不，更少地：
Would you please speak less quickly?請你講得慢一點(diǎn)，好嗎？
I?suspect?that?he?is?more?or?less?involved?in?the?affair.我猜他和這件事或多或少有牽連。
①less and less越來越小(少)：
He did less and less work.他做的工作越來越少。
②less than (數(shù)量)不到，比……少：
It’s less than a mile to the station.去車站不到一英里。
③less...than不如，比……少，與其……不如：
He is less honest than his brother.他不如他哥哥聰明。
I regard him less as my teacher than as my friend.
與其說我把他當(dāng)作老師,不如說我是把他當(dāng)作朋友。
④no less than多達(dá)，有……之多(強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量之多)：
No less than 1000 people attend the meeting.參加會議的多達(dá)1000人。
⑤no less...than與……一樣，不比……差(強(qiáng)調(diào)有同等性)：
She is no less wise than you.他跟你一樣聰明(他并不比你笨)。
live v. ①活，生存：She lived a long time.她活到很大歲數(shù)。
②活下去，活著經(jīng)過：
He managed to live through two world wars.他經(jīng)歷過兩次世界大戰(zhàn)竟然活了下來。
③生活，居?。篕angaroos live in Australia.袋鼠生活在澳洲。
④過……樣的生活：She lived a quiet, country life.她過著安靜的鄉(xiāng)村生活。
【拓展】①live up to不辜負(fù)，名副其實(shí)，名不虛傳：
He has determined to live up to the expectations of the company.他決心不辜負(fù)公司的期望。
The weather in England is changeable, living up to its reputation.
英國的天氣變化無常，名不虛傳。
②live with除了“與……同處(一起生活)”外，還有“忍受=put up with”的意思：
You might not like the situation, but you’ll learn to live with it.
你可能不喜歡這種情況，但你得會學(xué)會忍受。
adj. ①活的，有生命的，活生生的：You won’t see live animals in a museum.在博物館里你看不到活動物。
②帶電的，燃著的：The wire is live.這電線通著電呢。
③實(shí)況的，直播的，現(xiàn)場的：
It wasn’t a recorded show; it was alive.那不是表演的錄像，而是現(xiàn)場的轉(zhuǎn)播。
adv.在現(xiàn)場直播，在現(xiàn)場表演(錄制)：The show is going out live.這場演出正在實(shí)況直播。
【拓展】alive, living與 live的區(qū)別，見詞條alive。
lively adj.活潑的，生機(jī)勃勃的，生動的，栩栩如生的：
She is a lively child and popular with everyone.她是個(gè)活潑的孩子，大家都喜歡她。
She gave a lively account of her adventures.她生動敘述了自己驚險(xiǎn)刺激的事。
She formed a lively dog out of the clay.她用泥做了一只栩栩如生的狗。
The?students?were in the?midst?of a?lively?discussion?when?the?teacher came?in.?
正當(dāng)同學(xué)們熱烈討論的時(shí)候，老師進(jìn)來了。
load n.負(fù)擔(dān)，擔(dān)子，重載，負(fù)荷：A tanker carries a load of oil.油輪裝載石油。
Extra warmth from sunlight can put an additional load on the air-conditioning system.
來自陽光的額外熱量可以增加空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的工作負(fù)荷。
v.裝載，載滿：We loaded the furniture into the truck.=We loaded the truck(up)with furniture.
我們把家具裝進(jìn)貨車。
To create colorful charts and graphs, he loaded a new software to help him.
為了創(chuàng)建彩色圖表和圖形，他裝了一個(gè)新的軟件來幫助他。
【拓展】unload v. (從車、船上)卸，取下，減輕：
Everyone helped to unload the luggage from the truck.大家都幫著從卡車上卸行李。
By recycling textbooks, the cost of the books will be reduced greatly, and there is no doubt that it
will unload some burden of the families of the students.通過回收課本，圖書的成本將大大降低，
無疑會為學(xué)生家庭減輕一些負(fù)擔(dān)。
loaf n.(通常較大的)長面包，一個(gè)面包：
Half a loaf is better than no bread.半塊面包總勝于全無面包(有比沒有好)。
loan n.貸款，借款：
She has just paid off her loan from the bank.她剛剛還清銀行的貸款。
He?is?on?loan?to?the?Foreign?Languages?Press.他借調(diào)到外文出版社工作去了。
local adj.當(dāng)?shù)氐模胤降模?br /> The journalist echoed the villagers’ doubt in the newspaper whether the tourist resorts would really benefit the local economy.這位記者在報(bào)紙上報(bào)道了村民們的懷疑，即這些度假區(qū)是否真的有利于當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)。
n.(非正式)本地人，當(dāng)?shù)鼐用瘢篒 asked one of locals which way to go.我問一個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)厝嗽撟吣臈l路。
location n.定位，位置，地點(diǎn)，場所：
The satellite enables us to calculate their precise location anywhere in the world.??
衛(wèi)星使我們能夠計(jì)算出它們在世界上任何地方的精確位置。
Hawaii, however, provides an ideal location to test out the technology at a low price.
然而，夏威夷提供了一個(gè)以低價(jià)來檢驗(yàn)這種技術(shù)的理想場所。
【拓展】locate v.位于，說出來源，查找……的地點(diǎn)，確定……的位置，定位，找到：
Located in the center of the city, the park is a good place for a rest at weekends.
公園位于市中心，是周末休息的好地方。
Knowing?this?structure?will?help?you?locate?important?files?and?directories.
了解這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)有利于您定位重要文件和目錄。
It was nearly a week before the rescue team located the crashed plane.
救援隊(duì)花了將近一周的時(shí)間才找到墜毀的飛機(jī)。
lock n.鎖：He put new locks on the doors.他給門上了新鎖。
v.鎖，鎖上：You’d better lock your valuable belongings in the safe before going out.
你最好把貴重物品鎖在保險(xiǎn)箱里再出去。
In order not to be disturbed, I spent three hours locked in my study.
為了不被打擾，我鎖在書房里呆了三小時(shí)。
【拓展】①熟詞偏義：
She?locked?her?memories?of?him?away?in?her?heart.她把對他的懷念埋藏在心里.
She felt locked in a loveless marriage.她覺得自己陷入了一場沒有愛情的婚姻。
②unlock v.沒有上鎖，(用鑰匙)開……的鎖，發(fā)現(xiàn)，揭示，揭開，?釋放(潛能)：
Tom rushed out in a hurry, leaving the door unlocked.湯姆匆忙地沖出去，沒鎖門。
He unlocked the car and threw the coat on to the back seat.
他用鑰匙打開車門，把外套扔到了后座上。
We?have?an?opportunity?now?to?really?unlock?the?secrets?of?the?universe?
我們現(xiàn)在有機(jī)會去真正解開宇宙的奧秘。
Education and training is the key that will unlock our nation's potential.
教育和培訓(xùn)是發(fā)掘我們國家潛力的關(guān)鍵。
③lock up把……關(guān)起來，關(guān)禁閉：
You?are?mad,?Isabel.?You?should?be?locked?up.?
你瘋了，伊莎貝爾。應(yīng)該把你關(guān)起來才是。
logic n.邏輯，邏輯學(xué)：
They?asked?her?some?searching?questions?on?moral?philosophy?and?logic.
他們深入詢問了她一些有關(guān)倫理學(xué)和邏輯學(xué)的問題。
?His?logic?is?too?loose?to?make?much?sense.他的推理太不嚴(yán)密，沒什么道理。
【拓展】logical adj.邏輯(上)的：
He had been told many times, but he couldn’t understand the logical connection of the two
subjects.已經(jīng)告訴他很多次了，但他還是不明白那兩科直接的邏輯關(guān)系。
lonely adj.①孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的：
Living abroad may often make us feel lonely as home is the place where our hearts should be.
在國外生活往往會讓我們感到孤獨(dú)，因?yàn)榧沂俏覀冃撵`的歸宿。
②(地方)無人煙的，荒涼的：He was taken to a lonely island.他被帶到一個(gè)荒涼的島上。
【拓展】alone, lone與lonely的區(qū)別，見alone詞條。
long adj.長(的)，長期的：It’s a long time since I met you last.好久不見了。
adv.長久地，長期地：I won’t stay here long.我不會在這里待很長時(shí)間。
【拓展1】 ①as long as 用于引申義表示“只要”時(shí)，也可說成so long as(不限句型)；用于本義表示“與……一樣長(久)”時(shí)，在否定句中可換成so long as，但在肯定句中只用as long as。as long as：
As long as it doesn’t rain we can go.只要不下雨，我們就可以去。
②no longer/not...any longer不再：
She doesn’t live here any longer.=She no longer lives here.她不住在這里了。
③before long與long before：前者表示“不久”、“很快”，后者表示“很久以前”、“在……前很久”：
I hope to see you again before long.我希望不久再見到你。
I had known him long before.很久以前我就認(rèn)識他了。
④long for渴望：Senior?citizens?long?for?a?more?predictable?and?secure?future.
老年人渴望有一個(gè)更穩(wěn)定、更可預(yù)見的未來。
【拓展2】①用作副詞表示時(shí)間，通常用于否定句或疑問句，且放在句末(very long的用法也一樣)，在肯定句中通常用(for) a long time來代替。但是，若本身為比較級，或受so, too, enough, as…as等的修飾，或與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用等，也可用于肯定句：
You have to work longer.你得工作更長點(diǎn)時(shí)間。
②比較下面兩句在含義上的區(qū)別：
He didn’t speak for long.他沒說很久(即只講了很短時(shí)間)。
He didn’t speak for a long time.他很長時(shí)間沒講話了。
look n.①看，瞧：May I come in for a look?我可以進(jìn)來看看嗎？
②表情，臉色，外表：He had a serious look.他看起來很嚴(yán)肅。
v.①看，瞧，注意看：
She looked but saw nothing.她看了看，但沒什么。
He looked the stranger up and down.他上下打量這個(gè)陌生人。
②看起來，顯得：
While looking thin, this kind of paper doesn’t tear easily.
雖然這種紙看起來很薄，但不容易撕破。
【拓展】①look ahead展望/放眼未來，規(guī)劃未來，向前看：
The?result?will?stay?and?it's?time?to?just?look?ahead.?
結(jié)果已經(jīng)不能改變，該是時(shí)候展望未來了。
This?was?only?the?first?match,?now?it?is?time?to?look?ahead?to?the?future.?
這不過是第一場比賽，現(xiàn)在是放眼未來的時(shí)候了。
The?New?Year?is?coming,?and?now?is?the?time?to?look?ahead.
新年就要到了，現(xiàn)在就是向前看的時(shí)候了。
②look about/around環(huán)顧四周，到處看：
The man kept looking about.這個(gè)人不停地環(huán)顧四周。
I’m just looking around.我只是隨便看看。
③look after照顧，照料：
The old man was weak after the accident; so he must be looked after carefully by us.
事故發(fā)生后，老人很虛弱；所以他必須由我們仔細(xì)照顧。
Who is looking after the luggage?誰在照看行李？
④look at看，注視，看待，look like看起來像，好像要：
—Look at that beautiful sky!
—It looks like it would be a wonderful day.
“看美麗的天空?！薄翱雌饋硐袷莻€(gè)晴天?！?br /> ⑤look back on回顧，回想，回憶：
When I look back on my teaching career, I am always delighted to think of those beautiful days I spent with my students.當(dāng)我回顧我的教學(xué)生涯，我總是很高興地想起那些我與我的學(xué)生度過的美好的日子。
⑥look down on /upon看不起，瞧不起：
You know that the rich often look down upon the poor.你知道的富人常常瞧不起窮人。
⑦look for尋找，期待：You are looking for trouble.你是在自找麻煩。
When I was looking for my bag, the landlord came in.
當(dāng)我正在找我的包時(shí)，房東進(jìn)來了。
⑧l(xiāng)ook forward to 期待，盼望：
The people in Syria have been looking forward to the day when the conflict will end.
敘利亞人民一直期待著沖突結(jié)束的那一天。
The day we were looking forward to came finally, when we won the first prize.
我們期待的那一天終于來了，我們贏得了一等獎。
⑨look in (順便)來訪：
Why don’t you look in (on me) next time you’re in town?你下次進(jìn)城來順便來串串門好嗎?
⑩look into調(diào)查，了解，向……里面看：
The police are looking into the cause of the accident.警方正在調(diào)查事故的原因。
He looked into her eyes and his voice took on a more serious tone.
他看著她的眼睛，語氣變得嚴(yán)肅起來。
?look on袖手旁觀，看作：
In?no?case?will?they?look?on?passively.他們決不會在一邊看熱鬧(袖手旁觀)。
We looked on this as useless.我們認(rèn)為這個(gè)東西毫無用處。
?look out當(dāng)心，(of)向(……的)外面看：
Look out! There’s a car coming!當(dāng)心！汽車來了！
Don’t look out of the window.別往窗外看。
?look over審閱，翻閱，打量，檢查：
Would you mind looking over my exercises?請你幫我看一下我的練習(xí)好嗎？
?look through翻閱，瀏覽：
Before the meeting he looked through the reports.開會前他把報(bào)告看了一遍。
?look up查閱，查找，抬頭：
Look up this word in the dictionary.這個(gè)詞查查詞典吧。
Debbie and Simon looked up at the well-dressed lady.
黛比和西蒙抬頭看著這位穿著考究的女士。
?look up to尊重，尊敬：
I look up to him because he is a real artist.我敬仰他，因?yàn)樗且晃徽嬲乃囆g(shù)家。
?Who?would?look?up?to?us?誰會瞧得起我們呢？
loose adj.松散的，寬松的：He was wearing a loose sweater.他穿著一件寬松的毛衣。
【拓展】loosen v. (使)放松，變松，解開：
He?reached?up?to?loosen?the?scarf?around?his?neck.他伸手松了松脖子上的圍巾。
Tom?helps?me?loosen my?belt.湯姆幫我解開了皮帶。
lorry n.卡車，載重汽車：This?bridge?can?bear?the?weight?of?the?heaviest?lorry.再重的卡車，這座橋也能吃得住。
lose(lost, lost)v.
①丟失，失去：He lost a great quantity of blood.他大量失血。
②迷失：She lost her way in the darkness.她在黑暗中迷失了方向。
③(比賽中)輸，失利：Our team lost the match.我們隊(duì)比賽輸了。
④(鐘表)走慢：This watch loses (5 minutes a day).這表走得慢(一天慢了5分鐘)。
【拓展】①lose weight減肥：
Some?people?can?diet?like?crazy?and?not?lose?weight.有些人拼命節(jié)食也不能減肥。
②lose heart灰心，泄氣，失去信心：
I’ll?never?lose?heart?even?if?I?should?fail?ten?times.即使失敗10次，我也不灰心。
lose one’s heart to愛上某人，傾心：
He?lost?his?heart?to?the?singer.他愛上了那位歌手。
John?lost?his?heart?to?Mary.約翰傾心于瑪麗。
③lose one’s temper發(fā)脾氣，發(fā)作，鬧脾氣，大發(fā)脾氣：
She got into trouble for losing her?temper.她因?yàn)榘l(fā)脾氣而惹了禍
loss n.①丟失，遺失，喪失：Loss of health is worse than loss of wealth.喪失健康比丟失金錢更糟糕。
②損失：It was a great loss to us.這對我們是很大的損失。
【拓展】at a loss不知所措，虧本/賠本：
He was at a loss how to answer.他不知如何回答是好。
All?his?goods?sell?at?a?loss.他的貨物全部賠本出售。
lost adj.迷途的，丟失的：Don’t get lost!不要迷路了！
Our dog was lost.我們的狗丟失了。
【拓展】①be lost in全神貫注于，沉迷于：
She stood there, lost in thought.她站在那兒沉思。
He is lost in books.他專心讀書。
You must not be lost in the computer games.你一定不要沉迷于電腦游戲。
②get lost迷路，迷失方向：
Because?Mother?is?afraid?we’ll?get?lost,?we?aren’t?allowed?to?wander?far.?
媽媽生怕我們迷路，不準(zhǔn)我們走遠(yuǎn)。
③Lost and Found相當(dāng)于名詞，意思是“失物招領(lǐng)處”。
lot n.許多，大量(主要用于某些短語)：She had a lot of problems to contend with.她有許多問題要解決。
adv.(與形容詞和副詞連用)很，非常，(與動詞連用)非常：I’m feeling a lot better today.我今天身體好多了。
【拓展】①a lot很，非常，許多，經(jīng)常：
Thanks a lot.多謝。
I’m feeling a lot better today.我今天感覺好多了。
②a lot of /lots of許多，難以：
I haven’t got a lot of time.我的時(shí)間不多。
I picked lots of flowers.我摘了許多花。
loud adj.大聲的，響亮的：He always speaks in a loud voice.他老是大聲說話。
【拓展1】adv.響亮地，大聲地：Don’t talk so loud.別說得那么響。
【拓展2】loud與loudly：
①兩者均可表示“大聲地”，?？苫Q，但比較而言，loud多與動詞speak, talk, sing, shout, scream 等連用，且必須放在這些動詞之后；而loudly 的用法較廣，且可放在這些動詞之前或之后。
②當(dāng)暗示有喧鬧或抱怨之意時(shí)，通常要用loudly：
They all complained loudly.他們都大聲抱怨。
③當(dāng)用于比較級或最高級時(shí)，通常用loud，較少用 loudly：
Who laughed loudest?誰笑的聲音最大？
④read aloud朗讀，出聲地讀：
To?start?with,?I?should?read?aloud?English?every?day.?首先，我應(yīng)該每天朗讀英語。
lounge n.(劇院、旅館、機(jī)場等公共場所的)休息廳(室)：
She?waited?in?the?VIP?lounge.她在貴賓休息室里等候著。
Instead?of?taking?me?to?the?departure?lounge,?they?took?me?right?to?my?seat?on?the?plane.?
他們沒有帶我去候機(jī)廳，而是直接領(lǐng)我上飛機(jī)到了我的座位上。
love n.①愛，熱愛：He has little love of [for] money.他不太愛財(cái)。
②愛情：The boy fell in love with the girl.這小伙子愛上了這姑娘。
③喜愛，愛好：He has a great love for sports.他十分愛好運(yùn)動。
v.①愛：She deeply loves her husband.她深深地愛著她的丈夫。
②喜愛：Children love playing/to play.小孩子愛玩。
③(與would)想要，愿意：I’d love to have a word with you.我想同你說句話。
【拓展】①表示“喜愛”時(shí)，后接動詞不定式或動名詞均可，意義沒有多大差別。但是，當(dāng)它與would或should連用時(shí)，則只能后接不定式：I would love to stay here.我想留在這兒。
②若要表示過去本想做某事，但實(shí)際未做某事，則在would [should] love后接不定式的完成式： I’d love to have taken him round the factory, but I was too busy.
我本想帶他去廠里看看，但我太忙了。
③在以下這類句型中的it通常不能省略：
She won’t love it if you arrive late.她不喜歡人遲到。
lovely adj.可愛的，美好的，美麗的：
What a lovely child!多可愛的小孩！
We had a lovely weekend.我們度過了一個(gè)愉快的周末。
low adj.低的：He sold his car at a low price.他低價(jià)賣掉了他的汽車。
In winter temperatures are low.冬天氣溫很低。
adv.低，低聲地，低價(jià)地：
We?usually?can?buy?many?things?in?a?low?price?at?the?weekend.我們通常能在周末買到便宜的東西。
luck n.①運(yùn)氣，機(jī)遇：Good luck!祝你好運(yùn)！
②好運(yùn)：Luck was with us and we won easily.我們有好運(yùn)氣，輕易地就贏了。
lucky adj.幸運(yùn)的，運(yùn)氣好：
I’m not so lucky as you.我不像你那么幸運(yùn)。
I was lucky that I met you. here.我在這兒遇見你真走運(yùn)。
He was lucky to escape being punished.他很幸運(yùn)未被處罰。
【拓展】a luck dog幸運(yùn)兒：
John?is?a?lucky?dog,?he?just?won 100?dollars?on?a?bet.
約翰真是個(gè)幸運(yùn)兒，他與人打賭剛贏了100元。
luggage n.行李：If?your?luggage?is?overweight,?you’ll?have?to?pay?extra.假如你的行李過重，你得付額外的運(yùn)費(fèi)。
lunch n.午餐，午飯：
What did you eat for lunch?你中餐吃了什么？
He was at lunch when I arrived.我到達(dá)時(shí)他正在吃午飯。
lung n.肺，肺臟：I’ll have my lungs X-rayed.我要把肺部透視一下。
Lung fever develops from flu.肺炎由流感引起。

英語朗讀寶
相關(guān)資料 更多
資料下載及使用幫助
版權(quán)申訴
版權(quán)申訴
若您為此資料的原創(chuàng)作者，認(rèn)為該資料內(nèi)容侵犯了您的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)，請掃碼添加我們的相關(guān)工作人員，我們盡可能的保護(hù)您的合法權(quán)益。
入駐教習(xí)網(wǎng)，可獲得資源免費(fèi)推廣曝光，還可獲得多重現(xiàn)金獎勵，申請 精品資源制作， 工作室入駐。
版權(quán)申訴二維碼
素材專區(qū)
歡迎來到教習(xí)網(wǎng)
  • 900萬優(yōu)選資源，讓備課更輕松
  • 600萬優(yōu)選試題，支持自由組卷
  • 高質(zhì)量可編輯，日均更新2000+
  • 百萬教師選擇，專業(yè)更值得信賴
微信掃碼注冊
qrcode
二維碼已過期
刷新

微信掃碼，快速注冊

手機(jī)號注冊
手機(jī)號碼

手機(jī)號格式錯(cuò)誤

手機(jī)驗(yàn)證碼 獲取驗(yàn)證碼

手機(jī)驗(yàn)證碼已經(jīng)成功發(fā)送，5分鐘內(nèi)有效

設(shè)置密碼

6-20個(gè)字符，數(shù)字、字母或符號

注冊即視為同意教習(xí)網(wǎng)「注冊協(xié)議」及「隱私條款」
QQ注冊
手機(jī)號注冊
微信注冊

注冊成功

返回
頂部