詞匯晨讀25- 江蘇高考英語3500詞匯讀練測-課件下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

說明：①本系列資料的例句盡可能多地選自高考真題或各地模擬試題；
②凡是形容詞+ly構(gòu)成的副詞在本系列資料【拓展】欄目里不予列出。
(wag—zoom)
wag v. ①搖動，擺動：The dog wagged its tail with pleasure.狗高興地?fù)u擺尾巴。
②(用于詞組中)嚼舌頭，議論紛紛，喋喋不休：
I?think?it?was?their?dancing?together?that?really?started?tongues?wagging.?
我認(rèn)為真正引起人家說長道短的事情是他們在一起跳舞。
wage n.(常用復(fù))工資，報酬：
The majority of employers are planning to cut down on wages in reaction to the economic crisis.
大多數(shù)雇主計劃降低工資以應(yīng)對經(jīng)濟危機。
waist n.腰，腰部，腰圍：She has a very small waist.她的腰很細(xì)。
Have you got these jeans in a larger size? This pair is a bit too small around the waist.
這種牛仔褲有沒有號碼稍微大一點的？這一條的腰圍有點小
wait v.等待，等候：
Have you been waiting long?你等了很久了嗎？
The crazy fans had been waiting patiently for two hours, and they would wait till the movie star arrived.
瘋狂的粉絲已經(jīng)耐心地等了兩個小時了，他們還會再等，直到電影明星到來。
waiter n.服務(wù)員，侍者：
Waiter, bill please.服務(wù)員，買單。
—It seems that the waiter knows you well.“服務(wù)員好像和你很熟?！?br /> —You are right. I am one of the bar’s regular customers.“你說對了。我是這家酒吧的?？??！?br /> A?waiter?entered?with?a?tray.侍者端著托盤進來了。
waiting-room n.等候室(如候診室，候車室等)：
Sir, you shouldn’t be sitting in this waiting-room. It is for women and children only.
先生，你不應(yīng)該坐在這個候車室里。這個候車室是專門為女士和兒童而設(shè)的。
There?were?six?other?people?ahead?of?him?in?the?waiting-room.在候診室里，有六個人排在他前面。
waitress n.女服務(wù)員，女侍者：
There are a number of waiters in this new restaurant and the number of the waitresses is 100.
在這家新餐館有許多的服務(wù)員，女服務(wù)員的數(shù)量是100。
A waitress came in, carrying tea on a tray.一名女侍者走進來，手端放著茶的托盤。
wake(woke, woken)v.
①醒，醒來，叫醒：
She usually wakes early in the morning.她通常一大早就醒了。
In many homes in the UK, the first person to wake up has to make tea for the family.
在英國的許多家庭中，第一個醒來的人必須為家人泡茶。
The children woke me up.孩子們把我吵醒了。
—Did you have a good sleep last night?你昨晚睡得好嗎？
—No! The hotel is close to a main road, and I woke up from time to time.
睡得不好。旅館離主路很近，我時不時就醒了。
②覺悟，醒悟：By the time he had woken up to the danger, it was too late.待他覺察到危險時，已經(jīng)太遲了。
【拓展】①wake up to清醒認(rèn)識到：
People?have?to?wake?up?to?the?consciousness?that?they?have?a?responsibility?to?others.?
人們必須清醒意識到他們對別人是負(fù)有責(zé)任的。
②wake a sleeping dog招惹是非，自找麻煩：
I always had to bear the blame for my naughty son, who used to?wake?a?sleeping?dog?at school.?
我每每得代淘氣的兒子陪不是，他常常在學(xué)校里惹是生非。?
My brother is ill-tempered, and likes to waking?a?sleeping?dog.?
我弟弟的脾氣很暴躁，常喜歡在外面惹是生非。
③in the wake of隨著，尾隨，緊跟，仿效，跟著，因為：
In?the?wake?of?developments?in?science?and?technology,?man?has?become?more?capable?of?conquering?nature.隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，人們征服自然的能力也越來越強了。
Dolphins?sometimes?play?in?the?wake?of?the?boats.有時海豚在船的尾流中嬉戲。
There were heavy losses of property in the wake of the flood.洪水給財產(chǎn)造成重大損失。
④wakeful失眠的，不能入睡的，其名詞為wakefulness：
I had a wakeful night because he warned me that I should be watchful.
我一夜未眠，因為他警告我要小心。
It is never a good idea to take sleeping tablets regularly for this kind of wakefulness.
經(jīng)常吃安眠藥來對付這種失眠絕不是什么好辦法。
walk n.步行，散步：Do you often go for walks?你經(jīng)常去散步嗎？
v.①走，步行：I missed the bus and had to walk home.我沒趕上公共汽車，只好走回家。
②在……上走，沿……走：He just walked the street.他剛剛走過這條街道。
③遛(動物)：They walk their dogs every day.他們每天遛狗。
④陪……走：I will walk you home.我陪你走回家。
【拓展】①walk around繞……而走，四處走動，四處走走：
Would you like to?walk around?the factory this afternoon?今天下午到工廠的各處走走好嗎？
I?get?up?and?walk?around?in?the?dark?sometimes.我有時會在黑暗中起床來回走動。
I?did?not?feel?tired,?so?I?continued?to?walk?around?the?city.
我并不感覺到累，所以我繼續(xù)繞著城市散步。
②walk on eggshells謹(jǐn)言慎行：
To?work?with?our?boss,?you?need?to?walk?on?eggshells.與我們老板共事，你需極為謹(jǐn)慎做事。
Learn to walk before you run
wall n.墻：The castle walls are very thick.城堡的墻很厚。
【拓展】After his company suffered from millions of dollars in losses, Joe saw the handwriting on the wall and left the company.在他的公司遭受數(shù)百萬美元的損失后，喬看到了不祥之兆，離開了公司。
wallet n.錢包，皮夾子：
The thief took away the woman’s wallet without being seen.小偷趁人不注意拿走了那個女人的錢包。
She placed the receipt in her wallet.她把收條放到皮夾子里了。
walnut n.胡桃，胡桃樹，胡桃木(高級家具材料)：
The meat of the?walnut?can be used in cakes.做蛋糕時可用胡桃肉。
A walnut tree or a walnut is a tree on which walnuts grow.胡桃樹或胡桃是上面結(jié)胡桃的樹。
This?box?is?made?of?walnut.這個箱子是胡桃木做的。
wander v.①漫游，漫步，閑逛，游蕩，徘徊：
He likes to wander over the countryside.他喜歡在鄉(xiāng)間漫步。
I like to wander in the park after dinner.我喜歡晚飯后在公園里閑逛。
She wandered aimlessly around the streets.她在大街上漫無目的地到處游蕩。
He was wandering about in the forest.他在森林中徘徊。
②(目光)游離，胡思亂想，走神，神志恍惚，(思想)開小差：
His eyes wandered restlessly around the room.他的眼睛不安地轉(zhuǎn)來轉(zhuǎn)去，打量著房間。
If?your?mind?starts?to?wander?and?you?begin?to?think?about?something?else,?refocus?your?attention?on?
your?breathing.如果你開始胡思亂想了，就把注意力重新集中在你的呼吸上。
His mind would wander, and he would lose track of what he was doing.
他過去常常會走神，總是忘了自己正在干什么。
His mind wanders.他神志恍惚。
Try not to let your mind wander.盡量別讓你的思想開小差。
Jarvis?found?his?attention?wandering.賈維斯發(fā)現(xiàn)自己走神了。
want v.①想要：I want some black tea.我想要一些紅茶。
②需要：The house wants painting.房子需要油漆了。
③需要……在場：She’s wanted immediately in the director’s office.她得馬上到主任辦公室去。
④應(yīng)該(用于提出建議)，得：
If possible, you want to avoid alcohol.如有可能，你應(yīng)該避免飲酒。
You want to see a doctor at once.你得馬上去看醫(yī)生。
⑤缺少，沒有：His answer wants politeness.他的回答不夠禮貌。
【拓展】①表示主觀上想要，其后可接不定式，但不接動名詞；表示客觀上的需要，其后可接不定式，也可接動名詞(用主動表被動)：Your clothes want washing/to be washed.你的衣服要洗了。
②in want在貧困中：
The widow is in want.那個寡婦生活在貧困之中。
③in want of缺少，需要：
Are you in want of money?你需要錢嗎？
④for(the)want of由于……缺少/不足：
For?want?of?anything?better?to?do?I?watched?television?for?a?while.?
因為沒有什么更好的事情可做，我看了一會兒電視。
The project failed for want of financial backing.該項目因缺乏資金支持而告吹。
Our?car?was?useless?for?want?of?petrol.由于缺少汽油，我們的汽車派不上用場。
war n.戰(zhàn)，戰(zhàn)爭：The president said if terrorists declared war on the United States, war would be what they got.
總統(tǒng)說如果恐怖分子向美國宣戰(zhàn)，那么他們得到的就是戰(zhàn)爭。
ward n.①守護，看護，監(jiān)護：
He?did?not?enjoy?his?new?status?of?being?a?“ward?of?the?state”.
他不喜歡扮演“政府守護者”這一新角色。
To whom is this patient in ward?這病人由誰監(jiān)護？
The?boy?is?under?ward.這男孩受到監(jiān)護。
②病房：The?hospital?has?a?medical?ward?and?a?surgical?ward.醫(yī)院有一個內(nèi)科病房和一個外科病房。
warehouse n.倉庫，貨棧：
They stored their goods in a warehouse.他們把貨物儲存在一個倉庫里。
The?goods?were?trucked?to?a?warehouse.貨物由卡車運到了一家貨棧。
warm adj.①暖和的，溫暖的：
Take your coat off. It’s warm in the room.把外衣脫掉，室內(nèi)很暖和。
Wash your hands with warm water.用溫水洗洗手。
②熱情/熱烈的：He was pleased with their warm welcome.他們的熱烈歡迎使他很高興。
【拓展】warm還可以作動詞用：
The weather has warmed up.天氣轉(zhuǎn)暖了。
Your feet will soon warm up once you get indoors.你一進屋，腳很快就會暖和起來。
warmth n.①暖和，溫暖：
The warmth of the sweater will of course be determined by the sort of wool used.
毛衣的暖和程度當(dāng)然是由使用的羊毛的種類決定的。
The?lamp?behind?him?seems?to?bathe?him?in?warmth.他身后的燈光似乎將他罩在一片溫暖之中。
②熱心，熱情，興奮：
He spoke with great warmth.他講得非常興奮。
warn v.①警告，告誡：I warned him to be careful.我告誡他要小心。
②預(yù)先通知，提醒：
The teacher warned the students of the test.老師預(yù)先通知學(xué)生要考試。
I?did?warn?you?of?possible?failure.我的確警告過你可能失敗。
I’m?calling?to?warn?you?of?the?coming?storm.我打電話來提醒你注意即將到來的暴風(fēng)雨。
【拓展】①表示告誡某人不要做某事，可用warn sb. not to do sth.，也可用warn sb. against doing sth.：The doctor warned him against smoking/not to smoke.醫(yī)生告誡他不要抽煙。
②warning
n.提醒，警報，警告，警示，先兆?：
Because of her warning, I was careful.由于她的提醒，我很小心。
Doctors issued a warning against eating any fish caught in the river.
醫(yī)生發(fā)出警告不要吃在那條河里捕的魚。
The bridge collapsed without(any)warning.那座橋在沒有任何先兆的情況下坍塌了。
Let me give you a word of warning.我來提醒你一句。
adj.警告的，告誡的：
I flashed a warning glance at them.我向他們投去警告性的一瞥。
I gave him a warning look.我向他使一個警告的眼色。
She ignored the warning signals.她忽視了一些預(yù)警信號。
Ignore?the?early?warnings?and?illness?could?result.忽略早期征兆可能會導(dǎo)致疾病。
wash n.①洗(滌)，沖洗：I’d better go and have a wash before dinner.我還是晚飯前先洗個澡。
②(可連用a)洗的衣服：She has a large wash this week.這星期她有大批衣物要洗。
v.洗，沖洗：
This?material?washes?well.這種料子很耐洗。
I must wash my hands before dinner.吃飯前，我必須洗手。
【拓展】①wash out(使)清洗掉，沖掉或沖垮(橋梁、道路)，因雨等受影響：
With?permanent?tints,?the?result?won’t?wash?out.用的是永久性的涂料，洗不掉。
I’m?afraid?this?rain?will?wash?out?our?garden?party?again.?
恐怕這場雨又要使我們的游園會告吹了。
Let’s?wash?out?that?idea?and?think?again.我們打消那個念頭，重新考慮吧。
②wash away沖走，清洗，消除：
Quantities of soil have been washed away?in the area, resulting in the increasing number of
natural disasters.這個地區(qū)大量的土壤被沖走了，結(jié)果導(dǎo)致自然災(zāi)害數(shù)量增加。
Do?you?think?you?could?wash?away?your?sins?你認(rèn)為你可以洗去你的罪過？
Nothing?can?ever?wash?away?my?feeling?of?responsibility?for?his?death.
什么都消除不了我對他的死的負(fù)疚感。
Water?is?powerful,?it?can?wash?away?earth,?put?out?fire?and?even?destroy?iron.?
水是很強大的。它能沖走土，熄滅火，甚至可以毀掉金。
③wash one’s hands off不干涉，不插手：
I’m going to wash my hands off the whole business.我將不再過問這件事情了。
washroom n.盥洗室，洗手間，衛(wèi)生間，廁所：
The washroom is to the left of the entrance, near the stairs.盥洗室在進口處左邊，靠近樓梯。
I?want?to?go?to?the?washroom.我想去洗手間。
Can you tell me where the washroom is, please?能告訴我?guī)谀膬簡幔?br /> waste n.①(但可連用a)浪費：It’s a waste of money to buy that.買那個東西是白浪費金錢。
②廢物：A lot of household waste can be recycled and reused.許多家居廢物都可以回收再用。
v.浪費：Don’t waste words on him.別在他身上白費口舌了。
She wasted no time in rejecting the offer (=She rejected it immediately).她當(dāng)即拒絕了提議。
【拓展】與spend用法類似，表示浪費時間或金錢做某事，可用于waste time(money)on/over/upon sth.或waste time (money) (in, on)doing sth.：
You are foolish to waste so much money on amusement.你在娛樂上浪費那么多錢，太傻了。
He wasted his time(in)doing nothing.他無所事事，浪費光陰。
watch v.①觀看：Do you often watch television?你?？措娨晢?？
②看，注意看：
Watch me doing it.瞧我怎么做。
We watched them pass.我們見他們走過去的。
③當(dāng)心，注意：Watch the cars when you cross the street.過馬路時要注意車輛。
④尋找，等待(機會等)：She watched her moment to cross the road.她看準(zhǔn)時機橫穿馬路。
⑤看守，監(jiān)視：
The doctors watched the SARS patients throughout the night.醫(yī)生們整晚看護“非典”病人。
n.①手表，表：I looked at my watch to see if I was late.我看了看手表，看是否遲到了。
②(可連用a)看守，守衛(wèi)：Police keep a 24-watch on the house.警察對這座房子實行24小時監(jiān)視。
【拓展】①keep watch值班，放哨，守望：
Who will keep watch tonight?今晚誰值班？
Jose,?as?usual,?climbed?a?tree?to?keep?watch.喬斯像往常一樣爬到樹上放哨。
②on the watch for注意，提防：
You should be always on the watch for pickpockets.你應(yīng)該要時刻提防小偷。
③on watch值班：The man on watch didn’t notice the danger.值班的人沒有注意到這危險。
④watch out(for)當(dāng)心，提防，關(guān)注，注意：
You have to watch out because there are land mines all over the place.
你必須小心，這里到處是地雷。
Watch out for snakes.小心有蛇。
⑤watch over照看，照料：
The guards were originally hired to watch over the houses as they were being built.
最初雇門衛(wèi)是為了看護正在修建的房子。
⑥watcher n.觀看的人，觀察的人：
The?new?channel?is?certainly?good?news?for?the?movie?watcher.?
新頻道對于電影觀眾來說當(dāng)然是個好消息。
⑦watchful adj.注意的，留心的，小心提防的，警戒的：
You?must?be?watchful?of?your?health.你必須注意健康。
water n.①水：Water boils at 100℃.水在100攝氏度沸騰。
②(用復(fù)數(shù))水域：The waters of the Nile flow out into the sea there.尼羅河的水在那里注入大海。
v.給……澆水澆水，給……水喝，注水于，灌水于：
You can water the flowers every three days.你可以每三天給花澆一次水。
They stopped to water the horses.他們停下來讓馬飲水。
The owner of the pub was accused of watering the beer.有人指責(zé)酒店老板在啤酒里攙水。
watermelon n.西瓜：This kind of watermelon is remarkable for its size.這種西瓜個頭兒大。
wave n.①波浪，陣：
A?huge?wave?swept?the?boat?away.一個大浪把小船卷走了。
She has a natural wave in her hair.她的頭發(fā)自然卷曲。
A wave of fear swept over him.一陣恐懼傳遍他的全身。
Guilt and horror flooded her in waves.歉疚和恐懼一陣陣涌上她的心頭。
A wave of panic spread through the crowd.一陣恐慌傳遍人群。
②(熱、光、聲等的)波：
Sound?waves,?light?waves,?and?radio?waves?have?a?certain?frequency.?
聲波、光波或無線電波等都有特定的頻率。
③揮手，揮動：
He?greeted?them?with?a?wave?and?a?broad?smile.他向他們揮一下手，熱情地笑著向他們打招呼。
④洶涌的行動(或思想)態(tài)勢，心潮，風(fēng)潮：
A?wave?of?immigrants?is?washing?over?Western?Europe.移民潮正席卷西歐。
She?felt?a?wave?of?panic,?but?forced?herself?to?leave?the?room?calmly?
她感到一陣恐慌，但還是強作鎮(zhèn)定地離開了房間。
v.①揮手，揮動，揮舞：
She waved to me as the train left the station.火車離站時她向我揮手告別。
Crowds lined the route, waving flags and cheering.人群沿路線排成行，揮舞著旗子歡呼。
②飄動，波動，使……呈波浪形：
All around me I saw tall trees waving in the wind.我看見周圍的高樹隨風(fēng)飄動。
His hair waves naturally.他天生一頭鬈發(fā)。
way n.①路：Can you tell me the way to the library?請你告訴我到圖書館怎么走?
②距離：We have to go a long way to school.我們上學(xué)得走很長的路。
③方向，方位：Come this way, madam.這邊走，夫人。
④方式，方法：She speaks to people in a friendly way.她友好地跟人們交談。
There are different ways to do/of doing it.做這事有不同的辦法。
【拓展】①by the way順便說，順便問：
By the way, do you know where Mary lives?順便問一下，你知道瑪麗住在哪里嗎？
②by way of經(jīng)由，為了：
The?path?goes?under?the?river?by?way?of?the?tunnel.這條通道經(jīng)隧道從河下經(jīng)過。
He did it by way of helping her.他這樣做是為了幫助她。
③in a way在某種程度上：
In a way I can see what you mean, even though I don’t share your point of view.
在某種程度上，我理解你的意思，即使我不同意你的觀點。
④in no way決不，絕不：
In no way will Mr. White be responsible for what has happened to us.
懷特先生決不會對發(fā)生在我們身上的事負(fù)責(zé)。
In?no?way?am?I?going?to?adopt?any?of?his?methods?
我絕對不會采納他的任何方法。
⑤in the/sb’s way擋路，礙事：
I’m afraid your car is in the way.恐怕你的汽車擋道了。
Step?aside!?You’re?in?my?way!?讓開！你擋住我的路了！
⑥on the/one’s way(to)在(某人)去……的路上：
I’ll buy some bread on the way home.我要在回家的路上買些面包。
I?am?now?out?of?hospital?and?well?on?the?way?to?recovery.?
我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)出院，快康復(fù)了。
⑦(in)that way那樣：Please do not talk(in)that way.請不要那樣說。
⑧under way在進行中：
Look, heavy clouds are gathering. A terrible storm is under way.
看，烏云在聚集。一場可怕的暴風(fēng)雨就要來了。
A?further?investigation?is?under?way.該事件的進一步調(diào)查正在進行中。
⑨all the way一路上，一直，完全：
We got there by driving slow all the way.我們開著車去了那里，一路上開得很慢。
I’ll?support?him?all?the?way.我自始至終都會支持他。
He?had?to?walk?all?the?way?home.他不得不一路步行回家。
⑩make way for為……讓路/開路：
Mary stepped aside to make way for the senior citizens on the garden path.
瑪麗在花園小路上為老年人讓路。
?make one’s way去，前往，行進：
The explorer struggled in the snow, trying to make his wayforward.
探險者在雪中掙扎，想闖出一條路。
we pron.我們，咱們：
We’ve moved to Atlanta.我們已經(jīng)搬到亞特蘭大了。
Why don’t we go and see it together?咱們?yōu)槭裁床灰黄鹑タ纯茨兀?br /> 【拓展】us(賓格)，our(形容詞性所有格)，ours(名詞性所有格)，ourselves(反身代詞)：
This makes us relax and at the same time makes us develop ourselves in all aspects.?
這使我們放松，同時也使我們在各方面發(fā)展自己。
Our interests are theirs, and theirs ours.我們的利益就是她們的利益，反之亦然。
weak adj.①薄弱的，軟弱的，虛弱的：
Your argument is too weak to convince me.你的論點太薄弱了，說服不了我。
Her serious illness has made her very weak.她患了大病，身體很虛弱。
②(性格、意志等)薄弱的，優(yōu)柔寡斷的：
He?was?a?nice?doctor,?but?a?weak?man?who?wasn’t?going?to?stick?his?neck?out
他是位為人和藹的醫(yī)生，但膽小怕事，不敢冒什么風(fēng)險。
【拓展】weaken v.衰減/退，(使)削弱，(使)變?nèi)?，變得?yōu)柔寡斷：
The team has been weakened by injury.這個隊因傷實力減弱。
His authority is steadily weakening.他的權(quán)威日趨減弱。
This?does?not?weaken?but?improves?and?strengthens?the?leadership?of?the?Party.?
這不是削弱黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，而是更好地改善黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，加強黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。
weakness n.軟弱，虛弱，弱點，短處：
Weakness kept him in bed.虛弱使他臥床不起。
We all have our little weaknesses.我們大家都有些小短處。
Knowing your strengths and weaknesses will help you achieve your dreams.
了解你的長處和弱點會幫助你實現(xiàn)夢想。
【拓展】have a weakness for sth.特別喜愛……，禁不住……的誘惑：
I?have?a?weakness?for?coffee.我酷愛咖啡。
Oh!?You?have?a?weakness?for?sweets,?too!?哦！原來你也擋不住甜食的魅力！
If?I?have?a?weakness?for?anything,?it?is?for?a?good?rest?on?Sundays.?
如果我有什么特殊愛好的生活，那就是在星期日好好休息一下。
wealth n.財產(chǎn)，財富：
According to the Gini Index, the degree of wealth concentration in China has risen by a third in the past 35 years and now is larger than that of the US.據(jù)基尼指數(shù)顯示，過去35年來，中國的財富集中度增長了三分之一，如今比美國還高。
wealthy adj.富裕的，富有的：
A wealthy sponsor came to our rescue with a generous donation.
有個富有的贊助人慷慨捐贈來解救我們。
She married her daughter to a wealthy man.她把她女兒嫁給了一個富人。
He says the policy favors the wealthy.他說這項政策對富人有利。
weapon n.武器，兵器，兇器：
The?police?arrested?him?for?carrying?an?offensive?weapon.警察以攜帶攻擊性武器為由逮捕了他。
Officers?combed?the?woods?for?the?murder?weapon.警察在樹林里四處搜尋兇器。
wear(wore, worn) v.
①穿，戴：
He was wearing a suit and tie.他穿著套裝，系著領(lǐng)帶。
You are what you wear.衣如其人(人靠衣裝)。
What you wear is a statement of who you are.穿著是人們個性的體現(xiàn).
②留(發(fā)型等)：The man wore his hair long.這個人留著長發(fā)。
③帶有(表情或樣子)：He wore a sad look.他一副愁容。
④(常與away, down, out連用)磨損，使疲憊不堪：
My patience is almost worn away by her endless complaints.她抱怨個不停，幾乎使我的耐性消耗殆盡。
His?heels?always?wear?down?on?the?outside?first.他的鞋跟總是先從外側(cè)磨損。
He?wore?out?his?shoes?wandering?around?Mexico?City.他在墨西哥城到處游蕩，磨壞了鞋子。
My clothes are worn out and I have to mend them.我的衣服穿破了，我得補一下。
She dropped into a chair, utterly worn out.她一下子坐到椅子里，筋疲力盡了。
【拓展】wear off逐漸消逝，(藥性、感覺、感情等) 逐漸消失：
The?effects?of?the?drug?began?to?wear?off.藥效開始消退了。
weather n.天氣：What’s the weather like today?= How is the weather today?今天天氣怎樣？
web n.網(wǎng)，網(wǎng)絡(luò)，網(wǎng)狀物：
The tiger was trapped in the web laid by hunter.老虎陷在獵人布下的網(wǎng)里。
We were caught in a tangled web of relationships.我們陷入了錯綜復(fù)雜的人際關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
website n.網(wǎng)站：
I found this information on their website.我在他們的網(wǎng)站上發(fā)現(xiàn)了這一信息。
For current prices please visit our website.有關(guān)目前的價格，請訪問我們的網(wǎng)站。
wedding n.婚禮，結(jié)婚：
They?are?celebrating?their?golden?wedding?anniversary.他們在慶祝他們的五十年金婚紀(jì)念日。
【拓展】wed v.嫁，娶，(與……)結(jié)婚/結(jié)合：
The couple plan to wed next summer.這倆人計劃在夏天結(jié)婚。
She wedded a foreigner.她嫁給了一個外國人。
Not long after, she and Frank are wed.不久后，她便與法蘭克結(jié)婚。
A businessman must wed efficiency to thrift.企業(yè)家必須于效率興節(jié)約相結(jié)合。
weed n.雜草，野草：My garden is running to weeds.我的園子雜草叢生。
【拓展】①a real weed瘦弱的人：
He looks like a real weed in those shorts.他穿著那短褲看上去實在很瘦弱。
②weed out拔去，清除，刪除，剔除：
Please?help?me?to?weed?out?those?yellow?flowers?that?keep?growing?among?the?onions.?
請幫我拔去長在洋蔥中間的那些黃花。
He is keen to weed out the applicants he believes may be frauds.
他急于剔除那些他認(rèn)為是冒牌貨的申請人。
week n.星期，周：
She’s had a busy week.這星期她特別忙。
She has been sick in bed for weeks.她臥病在床已經(jīng)好幾個禮拜了。
weekday n.平日，周工作日(星期一至星期五的任何一天)：
He is always busy on weekdays.他平日總是很忙。
The centre is open from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. on weekdays.
本中心星期一至星期五上午9點至下午6點開放。
【拓展】與weekend相對，指除周末外的其他時間：
The?store?is?open?on weekdays?but?closed?at?the?weekend.這個商店平時營業(yè)，周末關(guān)門。
weekend n.周末：He has gone away for the weekend.他度周末去了。
What did you do over the weekend?整個周末你在干什么？
weekly adj.每周(一次)的：What are your weekly wages?你每周工資多少？
n.周刊，周報：This weekly is printed every Friday.這份周報每星期五印刷。
weep v.哭泣，流淚：
She wept at the news of his death.她聽到他的死訊就哭了起來。
He wept over his failure.他因為失敗而哭泣。
weigh v.權(quán)衡，斟酌，稱(重量，沒有被動語態(tài))，重達……：
He weighed the ideas in his mind.他在腦中權(quán)衡著這些想法。
He?spoke?very?slowly,?as?if?weighing?each?one?of?them.他說話非常慢，好像每個字都要仔細(xì)斟酌。
It’s been weighing on my mind for days whether to tell her or not.
我這幾天心煩意亂，不知道應(yīng)該不應(yīng)告訴她。
Some of the stones weigh twenty-six tons!有些石頭重達二十六噸！
I weigh myself every day.我每日稱體重。
weight n.重，重量：I need to lose weight before my holidays.放假之前我必須減輕體重。
【拓展】①by weight按重量：Some sorts of fruit are sold by weight.有的水果按重量賣。
②in weight重量上：It’s smaller in size but greater in weight.它體積比較小，但分量比較重。
③put on weight增加體重，lose weight減肥：
Don’t eat too much fat, or you will put on weight.不要吃得太多，否則你會增增加體重。
You have to stop eating between meals if you want to lose weight.
如果你想減肥就必須在兩餐之間禁食東西。
weird adj.奇怪的，奇異的，古怪的，怪異的：
I heard weird shrieks in the darkness.我在黑暗中聽到奇怪的尖叫聲。
The best-known chapter I referred to in class is the weird world of plants.
我在課堂上提到的最有名的一章是《植物的奇異世界》。
Jane, I found that guy somewhat weird.珍妮, 我發(fā)覺那家伙有點古怪。
That was really a weird movie.那部電影真怪異！
welcome interj.歡迎：Welcome to China.歡迎到中國來。
(welcome用作嘆詞的意思是“歡迎”，是迎接時的招呼語，用于正式場合，也用于車站、碼頭、機場及大街上懸掛的標(biāo)語牌上，或用于廣告語、報紙等的標(biāo)題，常與表示方向的副詞或介詞to連用。)
n.歡迎，迎接：They give us a warm welcome.他們熱烈歡迎我們。
v.歡迎：She rose from her seat to welcome him.她站起來歡迎他。
He was welcomed by the students.他受到同學(xué)們的歡迎。
adj.①受歡迎的：You’re always welcome here.這里隨時歡迎你。
②隨意……：You are welcome to (use) my car.我的汽車你盡管用。
【拓展】①用作動詞時，其過去式和過去分詞均為welcomed(即它是規(guī)則動詞)，注意不要模仿come→came→come的變化形式。
②不要按漢語意思說 welcome sb. to do sth.。
③口語中說You are welcome!主要用于回答對方的道謝，可譯為“不用謝”、“不客氣”：
You?are?welcome!?We?are?good?friends?as?you?say.?
別客氣！正如你所說的，我們是好朋友嘛！
welfare n.福利(事業(yè))，幸福：
The government decided to promote public welfare.政府決定發(fā)展公共福利。
My principal concern is my family’s welfare.我至為關(guān)心的是我一家的幸福。
well1(better, best)
adv.①好：Well begun is half done.(諺)良好的開端等于成功的一半。
②相當(dāng)，很：It’s well worth doing it.這事很值得做。
adj.好的，健康的：I hope you are well.希望你身體健康。
interj.好吧，那么，哎呀：Well, what do you want?那么，你想要什么？
【拓展】①as well也，又：He likes her as well.他也喜歡她。
②as well as同，和：It is important for you as well as for me.這對你和對我都很重要。
▲as well as具有連詞性質(zhì)，連接兩個成分作主語時，其謂語通常與前面一個主語保持一致：
Tom as well as his parents is going to London.湯姆和他的父母要去倫敦。
Helen as well as I is eager to see the performance.(就遠原則)不僅我而且海倫急于要看演出。
I as well as Helen am eager to see the performance.(就遠原則)
不僅海倫而且我急于要看演出。
▲as well as 后接動詞時，動詞通常要用動名詞形式：
As well as breaking his leg, he hurt his arm.他不但摔斷了腿，而且還傷了胳膊。
③do well in在……方面做得好：He does well in everything.他樣樣做得好。
④may/might as well不妨：
I?needn’t?wait and I?may?as?well?tell?you?now.我不必等了，不妨現(xiàn)在就告訴你。
I’m ready, so I might as well go now.我已準(zhǔn)備好，因此不妨現(xiàn)在就走。
⑤well-known adj.出名的，眾所周知的：
It is well-known that too much sugar is bad for you.大家都知道，吃糖太多是有害的。
▲be well-known as作為……出名：
He is rather well-known as a lawyer.作為一位律師他相當(dāng)有名氣。
▲be well-known for因為……出名：
He is well-known for his short stories.他以寫短篇小說而出名。
▲be well-known to為……所知：It is well-known to us.這點我們很清楚。
⑥well off富裕的，其反義詞組為badly off境況不佳的：
Most?of?these?people?aren’t?very?well?off.這些人大都不算太富裕。
Surely?you?can’t?be?that?badly?off??你肯定沒那么窮吧？
well2 n.①井：
The police found the lost treasure in an abandoned well.警察在一口廢棄的井里找到了丟失的財寶。
②來源，源泉，源頭：She has the well of enthusiasm.她是熱情的源泉。
west adj.(在)西的，向西的，從西來的：We live on the west side of the park.我們住在公園的西邊。
adv.在西方，向西方：The island is five miles west of here.那個島在西面五英里處。
n.西部，西方：The sun sets in the west.太陽從西邊落山。
western adj.西方的，西部的：My house is in the western part of the town.我家在城西。
westward(s) adv.向西：
As you travel westward, does the land get higher or lower?
當(dāng)你向西旅行時，地勢是否變得越來越高還是越來越低？
The ship drifted westwards in the strong wind.船在強風(fēng)中向西漂移。
wet adj.①濕的，潮的：He was wet through.他渾身濕透了。
②多雨的：I don’t like wet days.我不喜歡雨天。
【拓展】a wet blanket 令人掃興的人和物：
—Why didn’t you invite John to your birthday party?
為什么你沒有邀請約翰出席你的生日聚會？
—Well, you know he’s a wet blanket.你知道的，他是個令人掃興的人。
whale n.鯨：The whale is the largest of all animals.鯨是所有動物中體積最大的。
what pron.①什么：What does it matter?這有什么關(guān)系呢？
What else did they say?他們還說了些什么？
②what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時，可視上下文理解為what=the＋名詞＋that引導(dǎo)的定語從句：
▲what相當(dāng)于the thing that/anything/something that…
▲what相當(dāng)于the place/the person that…
▲what相當(dāng)于the time that…
▲what相當(dāng)于the speed that…
▲what相當(dāng)于the amount/number that…
▲A is to B what C is to D和What C is to D, A is to B的句型用來比較說明兩種事物相同或相似的關(guān)系，起比喻作用，相當(dāng)于連接詞as，意為“正如”、“好比”、“就象……一樣”
What was once regarded as impossible has come true.
曾經(jīng)認(rèn)為不可能的事情現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為了現(xiàn)實。
Baoji isn’t what it used to be. Great changes have taken place in the past years.
寶雞再也不是過去的寶雞了。在過去的數(shù)年里發(fā)生了巨大的變化。
I met one of my students the other day. After several years, she changed a lot and looked different from what she used to be.多年之后她變化好大，看起來和過去的她那個大不相同了。
After what seemed a very long time, I opened my eye and found myself in bed.似乎過了很長的一段時間以后，我睜開了眼睛，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己還躺在床上。
The other day my brother drove his car down the street at what I thought was a dangerous speed.
幾天前我的哥哥以我認(rèn)為是一種非常危險的速度在大街駕車行駛。
Our income is now double what it was ten years ago.我們的收入是十年前的雙倍。
As we all know, reading is to the mind what food is to the body.
據(jù)我們所知，閱讀對思維就像食物對身體一樣。
adj.多么(用于感嘆句)：What a clever boy!多聰明的孩子呀！
【拓展】交際用語：
What for為什么？ So what那又如何/怎么樣呢？
Why bother?何苦呢？(言下之意：沒有必要)。
whatever conj.①(引導(dǎo)名詞性從句)凡是……的：Take whatever you want.你想要什么就拿什么。
②(引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)無論什么，不管什么：
Whatever you do, do it well.不論你做什么事，都要好好地做。
pron.(用在疑問句中表示強調(diào))究竟(=what ever)：
Whatever could happen to him?他們到底會發(fā)生什么事？
【拓展】①引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，相當(dāng)于anything that，可視為what的強調(diào)說法：
Whatever he did was right.無論他做什么都是對的。
②引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，具有連詞性質(zhì)，在用法和含義上相當(dāng)于no matter what：
Whatever(=No matter what)you say, I won’t believe you.
無論你說什么，我都不會相信你。
wheat n.小麥：Wheat is transported from the farms to the mills.把小麥從農(nóng)場運到面粉廠。
wheel n.車輪，方向盤：
He braked suddenly, causing the front wheels to skid.他猛然剎車，使得前車輪打滑了。
The?front?wheel?of?the?bicycle?was?out?of?shape.自行車的前輪變形了。
Nobody can roll back the wheel of history.沒有人能夠倒轉(zhuǎn)歷史的車輪。
My?co-pilot?suddenly?grabbed?the?wheel.我的副駕駛突然抓住了方向盤。
【拓展】wheel在下列句中的意義：
Unfortunately, I was still very clumsy?behind?the?wheel?of the?jeep.
令人遺憾的是我開起吉普來還是笨手笨腳。
His?father’s?death?left?him?behind?the?wheel?of?the?firm.他父親去世了，由他掌管這家公司。
His ambition is to be at the wheel of a large cooperation by the age of forty.
他的抱負(fù)是到40歲時掌管一家大公司。
Don’t speak to the man at the wheel.別跟開車的人說話。
We?did?excellent?business;?everything?went?on?wheels.我們的生意興隆，一切順利。
If?you?will?only?join?the?concern,?it?will?go?on?wheels.?
只要你愿意參加此商號的話，其業(yè)務(wù)即可順利進行。
I think my watch runs on wheels.我的表大概走得太快了。
That is a library on wheels.那是一個流動圖書館。
There is a wheel within wheels.事情很復(fù)雜。
when conj.①當(dāng)……的時候：Vegetables are best when they are fresh.蔬菜新鮮時最好吃。
②既然：I can’t tell you when you won’t listen.既然你不想聽，我就不告訴你了。
③就在這時(突然)，這時(突然)，就在那時：
I?was?making?the?bed?when?the?telephone?rang.?
我在鋪床，就在那時電話鈴響了(我在鋪床時電話鈴響了)。
She?was?about?to?speak?when?she?was?stopped?by?her?sister.?
她剛要說話，就在這時(突然)被她姐姐攔住了。
④其時，當(dāng)時，當(dāng)場：
The last time I went to Scotland was in May, when the weather was beautiful.
我上次去蘇格蘭是在五月份，那時的天氣好極了。
⑤在……的條件下：
—Bob’s trying to find a job. But I wonder how he could get a job when he looks like that.
—Oh, that poor guy! He really should put on something clean.
“鮑勃一直在試圖找到一份工作，但我真不知道像他那個樣子，怎么能找到工作呢?！?br /> “哦，那個可憐的家伙！他至少應(yīng)該穿得干凈一點兒?！?br /> adv.①什么時候，何時(疑問副詞)：When did she leave?她什么離開的？
②什么時候，何時(連接副詞)：Did she say when she would be back?她說沒說什么時候回來？③……的時候(關(guān)系副詞)：
Sunday is the day when very few people go to work.星期日是沒什么人上班的日子。
【拓展】hardly/scarcely…when…=no sooner…than…表示“一……就”
We?had?scarcely?arrived?when?he?asked?us?to?leave.我們才剛剛到他就叫我們走了。
whenever conj.①無論什么時候：Come whenever you like.你愛什么時候來就什么時候來。
②每次：Whenever we see him we speak to him.每次見到他，我們都和他說話。
【拓展】表示“每當(dāng)”(此導(dǎo)時間狀語從句)，與when同義，但語氣更強；表示“無論什么時候”(引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)，相當(dāng)于no matter when：
Whenever(=No matter when)you come, you are welcome.你什么時候來，我們都?xì)g迎。
where adv.①在哪里，往哪里(疑問副詞)：Where can I buy a paper?哪兒可以買到報紙？
②在哪里，往哪里(連接副詞)：I’m not sure where she lives.我不能肯定她住在哪里。
③(關(guān)系副詞)：This is the town where I was born.這就是我出生的城市。
【拓展】conj.在……的地方：
Keep it where you can see it.把它放在你看得見的地方。
When you read the book, you’d better make a mark where you have any questions.
你讀書時，最好在有問題的地方作個記號。
wherever conj.無論在哪里：
I will find her wherever she may be.不管她在哪里，我都要找到她。
Wherever she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her.
她所到之處總有成群的人等著要見她。
I will find her wherever she may be.不管她在哪里，我都要找到她。
whether conj.
①是否：The question is whether he will come.問題是他是否會來。
Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather.足球比賽是否舉行將視天氣而定。
②是……還是……：I’m not sure whether to stay or leave.我不知是留還是去。
③無論……還是……：Whether they like it or not, I don’t care.他們喜不喜歡，我才不管哩。
【拓展】if與whether：兩者均可表示“是否”，當(dāng)它們引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，?？苫Q；但是在以下情況，通常要用whether而不用if：引導(dǎo)主語從句時，引導(dǎo)表語從句時，引導(dǎo)賓語從句且位于句首時，位于介詞之后時，后接不定式時，直接與or not連用時：
He wondered whether to wait for them or (to) leave immediately.
他不知道是等他們還是馬上離開。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我擔(dān)心是否傷了她的感情。
I will write to you whether or not I can come.我能不能來，我將寫信告訴你。
which pron.①哪個，哪些(疑問代詞)：Which are our seats?哪些是我們的座位？
②哪個，哪些(連接代詞)：Ask him which he wants.問他要哪一個。
③(關(guān)系代詞)：The book which you gave me is very interesting.你給我的那本書很有趣。
adj.哪一個，哪一些：
Which book have you read?哪一本書你讀過了？
Here are the designs. Which ones do you prefer?這就是那些圖樣。你喜歡哪一些？
【拓展】what與which的區(qū)別：兩者均可用于提出疑問，一般說來，當(dāng)選擇的范圍較小或比較明確時，多用 which；當(dāng)選擇的范圍較大或不明確時，多用what：
What country did he stay in?他在什么國家呆過？
Which country did he stay in, Japan or Canada?他在哪個國家呆過，是日本還是加拿大？
whichever pron.①任何……的東西(人)：Buy whichever is cheapest.買最便宜的。
I’ll give it to whichever of you wants it.你們之中隨便誰要，我就給誰。
②無論哪個，無論哪些：
It has the same result, whichever way you do it.不論你怎么做，結(jié)果都一樣。
while conj.①當(dāng)……的時候：
Don’t talk while you’re eating.吃飯時不要說話。
I’ll take care of him while you are away.你不在時我照顧他。
②雖然，盡管：
While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you.雖然我理解你的意思，但我還是不同意。
③而，但是：You like tennis, while I’d rather read.你愛打網(wǎng)球，但我愛看書。
n.一會兒，一段時間：Let’s sit down here for a while.我們在這里坐一會兒吧。
【拓展1】while, when與as：
①若主句表示的是一個短暫性的動作，而從句表示的是一個持續(xù)性動作時，三者都可用：
He fell asleep when/while/as he was reading.他看書時睡著了。
②若主、從句表示兩個同時進行的持續(xù)性動作，且強調(diào)主句表示的動作延續(xù)到從句所指的整個時間，通常要用while：
I kept silent while he was writing.在他寫的時候，我默不作聲。
③若主、從句表示的兩個同時進行的動作含有“一邊……一邊……”之意思，通常要用as：She sang as she went along.她邊走邊唱。
④若從句是一個短暫性動作，而主句是一個持續(xù)性動作，可以用as或when，但不用 while：
It was raining hard when[as] we arrived.我們到達時正下著大雨。
⑤若主、從句表示的是兩個同時(或幾乎同時)發(fā)生的短暫性動作，一般要用as或when：
I thought of it just when/as you opened your mouth.就在你要說的時候，我也想到了。
⑥若主、從句所表示的動作不是同時發(fā)生，而是有先后順序時，一般要用when：
I will go home when he comes back.他回來時，我就回家去。
【拓展2】after?a?while表示一會兒之后，?for?a?while暫時，一段時間，?in?a?while一段時間之內(nèi)，一般和將來時連用：
I?will?be?back?in?a?while.?一會兒我就回來。
Wait?for?a?while。等一會兒。
She rested?for?a?while, and then had a wash and changed her?clothes
她休息了一會兒，然后洗了洗，換了身衣服。
After?a?while,?I?left。一會兒后，我離開了。
whisper v.低聲說，低語，竊竊私語，耳語，私語：
She whisper to me so no one else will hear.她低聲跟我說話以免別人聽見。
It is bad manners to whisper in company.在眾人面前竊竊私語是不禮貌的行為。
【拓展】n.耳語，低語，悄聲：
His?voice?died?away?in?a?whisper.他的聲音漸漸變?yōu)榱诵÷暤驼Z。
She said it in a whisper, so I didn’t hear.她是悄聲說的，所以我沒有聽見。
whistle n.口哨，口哨聲，汽笛(聲)：
The teacher blew a whistle to start the race.老師吹哨子開始了賽跑。
The whistle went and the man knocked off for lunch.汽笛響了，工人們停工午餐。
The horse shied at the shrill whistle.那匹馬聽到刺耳的汽笛聲，驚得往后倒退。
v.吹哨，吹口哨，拉汽笛：
The referee whistled and the game began.裁判哨子一響，比賽開始了。
The little boy rounded his lips to whistle.那個小男孩把雙唇收圓好吹口哨。
He whistled to his friend to keep hidden.他吹口哨通知朋友繼續(xù)隱蔽。
We used to hear the train whistle at night.過去我們常會在晚上聽到火車的汽笛聲。
white adj.①白色的，雪白的：He?had?nice?square?white?teeth.他的牙齒潔白而整齊，十分好看。
②白種人的，白人的：She is white and he is coloured.她是白種人而他有色人種。
③蒼白的：He was white with anger.他氣得臉色發(fā)白。
④純潔的，清白的：Her reputation is as white as snow.她的聲譽純潔無瑕。
n.①白色：The horse was almost pure white in colour.那匹馬幾乎是純白色。
②白人：There were both whites and blacks at the meeting.參加會議的有白人也有黑人。
【拓展】white的比喻用法：
He?was?frightened?out?of?his?life?and?turned?as?white?as?a?sheet.他嚇壞了，臉色蒼白如紙。
These?ironclad?details?are?irrefutable?proof?in?black?and?white.白紙黑字，鐵證如山。
He’d?seen?the?proof?in?black?and?white.他已經(jīng)看過書面證據(jù)。
a white elephant沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)，累贅，無用之物：
The?project?is?believed?to?be?nothing?but?a?white?elephant.?
這個項目被認(rèn)為只是一項沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)。
I’ll?never?buy?a?car,?for?it’s?only?a?white?elephant?to?me.?
我決不買汽車，因為它對我只會是一個累贅。
who pron.①誰(疑問代詞)：Who will cook the dinner?誰來做飯？
②誰(連接代詞)：She asked who would like to go.她問誰愿意去。
③(關(guān)系代詞)：Everyone who knows him likes him.認(rèn)識他的人都喜歡他。
whoever pron.①任何人(都)，什么人(都)：
I’ll take whoever wants to go.誰想去我就帶誰去。
Whoever told you that was lying.誰對你這樣說，誰就是在說謊。
A?reward?will?be?paid?to?whoever(=anyone?who)brings?back?the?money?that?he?lost.
凡能將他遺失的錢尋回者可得到酬金。
②不論什么人，不論是誰：
Whoever(=No matter who)telephones, tell them I’m out.不管是誰打電話來，都說我出去了。
【拓展】whoever既可用作主格，也可用作賓格：
Tell whoever you like—it makes no difference to me.
你愛告訴誰就告訴誰吧，對我是無所謂的。
whole adj.①全體的，整個的：His whole family caught flu.他全家患了流行性感冒。
②整整的：I had to walk the whole day.我不得不走了一整天的路。
n.全部，全體：Two halves makes a whole.兩個一半構(gòu)成一個整體(全部)。
【拓展】①as a whole作為整體，一般說來：
People as a whole don’t do things like that.一般說來，人們不會做那種事。
②on/upon the whole總的說來，大體上，基本上：
On the whole I like his plan.總的說來，我喜歡他的計劃。
③the whole of整個，全部：The whole of my money was stolen.我的錢全部被偷了。
whom pron. ①誰：She asked him whom he wanted to see.她問他想見誰。
②(關(guān)系代詞)：He is a man whom we all like.他是一個我們都喜歡的人。
【拓展】①是who的賓格形式，原則上說只能用作賓語，但在口語或非正式文體中往往可用主格代替：Who(m) did you give it to?你把它給誰了？
②當(dāng)緊跟在介詞之后作賓語時只能用 whom，不用who：
With whom did you go?你是同誰去的？
③用作關(guān)系代詞時，若引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句作賓語，whom通常省略或換成that；若引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句作賓語，用whom或who均可以，但以whom為佳：
This is Jack, whom /who you haven’t met before.這是杰克，你以前沒見過。
whose pron.①誰的(疑問代詞)：Whose dictionary is this?這是誰的詞典？
②誰的(連接代詞)：Tell me whose it was.告訴我這是誰的。
③……的，其(關(guān)系代詞)：This is the pen whose point is broken.這就是筆尖斷了的那支筆。
【拓展】用作疑問代詞時，主要用于指人；用作關(guān)系代詞時，既可指人，也可指物，且指物時，通常可與of which互換，即：whose+名詞=the+名詞+of which=of which + the +名詞：
The house whose windows are broken is empty.
=The house the windows of which are broken is empty.
=The house of which the windows are broken is empty.破了窗戶的那座房子是空的。
why adv. ①為什么(疑問副詞)：Why did you write to him?你為什么給他寫信？
②為什么，……的原因(連接副詞)：
He explained why he couldn’t come.他解釋了他不能來的原因。
Why he did it will remain a puzzle forever.他為什么這樣做將永遠是一個謎。
③……的(關(guān)系副詞)：That’s the reason why he dislikes me.這就是他不喜歡我的原因。
interj.(表示驚訝、反駁、不耐煩等)：Why, it’s a necklace!啊，是一條項鏈！
【拓展】①The reason why…is that(從句)…，不可以說The reason why…is because(從句)…
The reason why he failed again was that he lacked experience.
他再次失敗的原因是他缺乏經(jīng)驗。
另外：The reason that/which she gave me was that she had got up late.
他給我的理由是他起床晚了
②與what, when, where, which等不一樣，why后不能接不定式。
③Why(not)do sth.?為口語中常用句，主要用提出建議或指出某一動作是不必要或沒有意義的：
Why?not?go?there??干嗎不去??？
—I want?to?spend?the?afternoon?with?me?我想和我共度這個下午嗎？
—Why?not? 好?。?br /> Why argue with her? 為什么要跟她爭論呢？
注意：該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于現(xiàn)在或?qū)恚挥糜谶^去。
wide adj. ①寬闊的，廣闊的，廣泛的，睜得大的，淵博的：
The tie is too wide.這條領(lǐng)帶太寬了。
Computers have been brought into wide use.計算機已得到廣泛使用。
The Asiatic plains are very wide.亞洲的平原非常廣闊。
He opened his eyes wide in surprise.他吃驚地睜大了眼睛。
He has wide knowledge on the subject.他對于那個問題有淵博的知識。
②……寬：The room is 2 meters wide.那房間兩米寬。
【拓展】①widen v.
▲(使)變寬，(把……)加寬/拓寬：
The road to the railway station is being widened.通往火車站的路正在拓寬。
▲(使)擴大，(使)擴展，(使)增加，(使)(差距)拉大：
U.S. prosecutors have widened a securities-fraud investigation...
美國檢察官擴大了對一起證券欺詐案的調(diào)查范圍。
Wage differences in the two areas are widening.兩個地區(qū)的工資差距正在拉大。
Although people are generally better off, the gap between the rich and the poor has
widened.盡管人們的生活越來越好，但是貧富差距還是在擴大。
▲(眼睛)睜大：
His eyes widened as he spoke the words.他說這番話時眼睛瞪大了。
②wide與widely的區(qū)別：
▲?wide用作副詞主要表示“張大”“睜大”到最大程度，側(cè)重指物體從一邊到另一邊的距離(聯(lián)系其形容詞用法)，通常與wide,?apart等連用：
Open your mouth?wide.把口張開。
The door was?wide?open.門敞開著。
He was standing with his feet?wide?apart.他站在那兒，兩腳分開的距離很大。
▲?widely則主要表示距離遠、范圍大、地域廣等，通常連用過去分詞：
He has traveled?widely.?他曾在廣泛地區(qū)旅行。
The most?widely?distributed is the Hui people.分布最廣的是回族。
Gas is now?widely?used for cooking and heating.現(xiàn)在普遍用煤氣燒飯和取暖。
That the attempt to save her had failed soon became?widely?known.
想救她而未救成，此事不久已盡人皆知。
有時也連用某些表示差異或變化的詞語(如different,?differing,?range,?vary等)：
The conversation ranged?widely.?談話內(nèi)容十分廣泛。
Prices vary?widely?from shop to shop.各家商店價格懸殊很大。
▲在wide?awake(完全醒著)這一習(xí)語中，一般不用widely：
In bed he lay?wide?awake.?他睡意全無地躺在床上。
widespread adj.廣泛的，分布廣的，普遍的：
The loss of ability in the mother tongue is mainly caused by the widespread use of electronic devices and a lack of attention to culture.母語能力下降主要是廣泛的使用電子設(shè)備和缺乏對文化的關(guān)注引起的。
Even more widespread are the copying of music and the pirating of software, especially with the development of new computer programs.尤其是隨著新電腦程序的發(fā)展，音樂的復(fù)制和盜版軟件更為普遍。
widow n.寡婦，遺孀：
The poor widow earns money by taking in washing.那位可憐的寡婦在家里替人洗衣服度日。
I should assist his widow and daughters.我一定要幫助他的遺孀和女兒們。
【拓展】George was a widower with six young children.喬治是個帶著六個小孩子的鰥夫。
wife n.妻子：This is a small shop run by husband and wife.這是一家夫妻店。
wild adj.①野(生)的：
The?lane?was?lined?with?wild?flowers.小路兩邊都是野花。
His?wild?ambition?came?to?light.他的野心敗露了。
②粗野的，野蠻的，不文明的：I was living like a wild child.我的行為像個野蠻的孩子。
③未開發(fā)的，荒涼的：It’s just miles and miles of wild land.這只是大片大片的荒山。
④狂暴的，波濤洶涌的：
The?wild?weather?did?not?prevent?some?people?from?swimming?in?the?sea.
盡管風(fēng)雨交加，一些人還是會下海游泳。
⑤大致的，不精確的：I’ll make a wild guess.我就隨便亂猜一下。
⑥瘋狂的，狂熱的，狂怒的：The children are wild with joy.孩子們欣喜若狂。
wildlife n.野生動物：There is much wildlife in the forests of Maine.在緬因州的森林里有很多野生動物。
will1n.①意志：She has a strong will.她意志堅強。
②決心：A country must have the will to repel any invader.一個國家得有決心擊退任何入侵者。
③意愿，本意：He did it of his own will.他做這事是出于自愿。
She was married against her will.她結(jié)婚是有違她的本意的。
④遺囑：The rich man left his son nothing in the will.那位富翁在遺囑中什么都沒給他兒子留下。
will2 (would)modal v.
①將，會：Will it rain tomorrow?明天會下雨嗎？
②要，希望：Will you come now?你要現(xiàn)在來嗎？
③(用于疑問句)請……好嗎：Will you shut the door?你把門關(guān)上好嗎？
④愿意：Go where you will.你愿到哪里就到哪里。
⑤能，可以：This bus will hold 40 people.這輛大客車可以坐40人。
⑥(表示習(xí)慣或傾向)：Oil will float on water.油總是浮在水上。
willing adj.樂意的，愿意的：I’m quite willing for you to join us.我很愿意/樂意你參加我們的活動。
【拓展】①willingness n.樂意，愿意：
We?must?respond?to?well-founded?criticism?with?a?willingness?to?change.
對于有根有據(jù)的批評，我們必須樂意作出改變。
②參看詞條unwilling。
win(won, won)v.
①獲勝，贏得：He is sure to win.他一定會贏。
She won an Olympic gold.她贏得一枚奧運會金牌。
His kindness won him many friends.他的善良使他贏得了很多朋友。
I?would?do?anything?to?win?back?your?trust?in?me.我愿意盡一切努力來重新獲得你的信任。
②說服，爭取：We tried to win him over to our view.我們試圖說服他接受我們的觀點。
【拓展】用作及物動詞時，其賓語通常是比賽、戰(zhàn)斗、辯論、獎品、金錢、稱贊、榮譽等某種東西，而不能是比賽的對手，如可說He won the game，但不能說He won me；要表示“他贏了我”，可說成He beat/defeated me。
wind1 n.風(fēng)：Despite the wind and the rain, I still enjoy working outside in the world.
盡管風(fēng)吹雨打，我仍然喜歡在外面工作。
wind2 (wound, wound)v.
①纏繞，倒帶：
She asked me to wind the wool for her.她叫我?guī)退@毛線。
He wound the tape back to the beginning.他把磁帶倒到了開頭。
②轉(zhuǎn)動，搖轉(zhuǎn)：You have to wind a handle at the side of your telephone.你得轉(zhuǎn)動電話機旁的搖柄。
③把……上緊，把……擰緊：Did you wind your watch this morning?你今天早上把表的發(fā)條上了沒有？
④蜿蜒，彎曲：
Roads wound through the hills.路在山中蜿蜒而行。
The river winds to the sea.那條河蜿蜒地流入大海。
I looked up and noticed a snake winding its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.
我向上望去，看見一條蛇正纏繞著樹向上爬去捕早餐食物。
【拓展】wind up上(緊)發(fā)條，使結(jié)束，收尾，搖上：
He?neglected?to?wind?up the?clock.?他忘了給鐘上發(fā)條。
The?President?is?about?to?wind?up?his?visit?to?Somalia.總統(tǒng)即將結(jié)束對索馬里的訪問。
He?started?winding?the?window?up?but?I?grabbed?the?door?and?opened?it.
他開始搖上車窗，但我一把抓住并拉開了車門。
window n.①窗戶，櫥窗，視窗：
Would you mind opening the window?可否勞駕把窗戶打開？
He looked at the shop window with greedy eyes.他用貪婪的眼光看著商店的櫥窗。
Love in its greatest opens the window of life.愛最偉大之處，就是打開了人生的視窗。
②(計算機屏幕的)窗口，視窗：
The window of the computer screen does not display.計算機屏幕的窗口不顯示了。
To run a window, just double-click on the icon.要運行視窗，只需雙擊圖標(biāo)即可。
windy adj.有風(fēng)的，多風(fēng)的：It was cold and windy.天氣很冷刮著風(fēng)。
wine n.酒：He never touches wine.他從來不飲酒。
wing n.①翅膀：The bird’s left wing was hurt.這只鳥的左翅膀受傷了。
②機翼：The?plane?had?a?wing?span?of?34 feet?and?a?length?of?22 feet.
這架飛機的翼展長34英尺，機身長22英尺。
winner n.獲勝者，優(yōu)勝者：
The winners of the competition will be announced next month.競賽的獲勝者將于下月公布。
The?prize?for?the?winner?of?the?competition?was?a?silver?cup.比賽的優(yōu)勝者的獎品是一個銀杯。
winter n.冬天，冬季：
It often snows here in winter.此地冬天常下雪。
The winters in the north are very cold.北方的冬天很冷。
wipe v.擦，擦凈，擦干：I wipe my hands on this towel.我用這條毛巾擦手。
【拓展】①wipe out消滅，除掉：
Only?in?this?way?can?we wipe?out?the?enemy?troops.?只有用這樣的方法我們才能消滅敵軍。
The?whole?community?turned?out?to?wipe?out?the?four?pests.全體居民出動除四害。
②wipe away抹掉，擦掉，擦掉：
Time can never wipe away from people in London the sadness and heartache caused by those
recent terrorist attacks.時間永遠不會抹去倫敦市民身上由最近的那些恐怖襲擊造成的傷心和心痛。
The?rain?had?wiped?away?the?tracks?left?by?the?cart.雨水抹去了貨車留下的轍跡。
He?wiped?away?the?blood?with?a?paper?napkin.他用紙巾將血跡擦去。
③wipe off擦去，揩去，擦掉，勾銷(債務(wù))：
You?can?wipe?off?the?dirt?with?this?cloth.你可以用這塊布把污垢擦掉。
You?have?helped?me?so?much?that?I?am?willing?to?wipe?off?the $?20?you?owe?me.?
你幫了我那么多忙，我愿意把你欠我的20美元一筆勾銷。
wire n.電線，鐵絲：The hot wire is caused by overload.電線發(fā)熱是由于過載造成的。
The?factory?was?surrounded?by?barbed?wire.工廠用帶刺的鐵絲網(wǎng)圍著。
【拓展】wireless adj.無線的：
We still don’t have the wireless network.我們?nèi)匀粵]有無線的網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
無線電收音機，無線電發(fā)射和接收系統(tǒng)，無線電報：
I heard the news on the wireless.我從無線電廣播聽到這個新聞。
It?has?Bluetooth,?wireless,?and?USB?connections.它擁有藍牙、無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)和USB連接功能。
That is a message sent by wireless.那是一條用無線電報發(fā)出的信息。
wisdom n.智慧，明智，才智，聰明，至理名言：
He attributes his wisdom to his teachers.他認(rèn)為他的智慧來自于老師。
We grow in wisdom as we grow older.我們隨著年齡增長而更加明智。
A flow of words is no proof of wisdom.口若懸河，不能證明真有才智。
She is crowned with wisdom by nature.她天生聰明。
Confucius’s many words are wisdom.孔子的很多話都是至理名言。
wise adj.聰明的，英明的：
It’s wise of you to leave.你離開是明智的。
He is?more brave than wise.他有勇無謀。
She?is?always?penny?wise?and?pound?foolish.她老是小事聰明，大事糊涂(小處精明，大處浪費)。
wish n.①愿望，心愿：At last, she got her wish.她的愿望終于實現(xiàn)了。
②(用復(fù)數(shù))祝愿，祝福：Please give your parents my best wishes.請代我向你父母問好。
v.①想要，希望，祈求：
I wish you to come at once.我想要你馬上來。
Who?could?wish?for?a?better?opportunity??誰還會祈求能得到比這更好的機會呢？
②祝愿：I wish you well and happy.我祝愿你健康愉快！
③但愿，要是……多好啊：I wish I were a bird.但愿我能變成一只鳥。
【拓展】①后接that從句時，從句謂語通常要用虛擬語氣，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：指將來情況用“could, would, might+動詞原形”構(gòu)成，指現(xiàn)在或當(dāng)時的情況謂語用過去時，指過去情況用過去完成時：I wish you wouldn’t smoke any more.我希望你別再抽煙了。/ He wished he hadn’t said it.他想要是自己沒說那話就好了。
②hope與wish：可說wish sb to do sth，但不能說hope sb to do sth。后接從句，hope后的從句用陳述語氣，wish后的從句用虛擬語氣。
兩者均可用作名詞，其搭配和含義有所不同：
I have no wish to go.我不想去。
I have no hope of going.我沒有去的希望(即想去但去不成)。
with prep.①與……(在)一起，帶著：Who was that with you?(剛才)和你在一起的是誰？
②有……的，持有，隨身帶著：I have no money with me.我沒有帶錢。
③以，用：He caught the ball with his left hand.他用左手接球。
④(表狀態(tài))在……的情況下，……地：
This?is?a?serious?matter,?and?should?be?handled?with?care.這是件大事，不能馬虎過去。
The?dog?is wagging?its?tail?with?pleasure.那條狗高興得直搖尾巴。
⑤盡管，雖然：With all her faults, I like her.盡管她有種種缺點，我還是喜歡她。
⑥若是，如果：With your permission, I’ll go.若是你同意，我就去。
⑦因為：He is tired with work.他工作累了。
⑧當(dāng)……的時候，在……之后：With that remark, he left.他說了那話就離開了。
⑨隨著：
With?the?development?of?society,?it?is?more?easy?and?convenient?for?us?to?study?home?by?ourselves.?
隨著社會的發(fā)展，我們越來越方便在家中自己學(xué)習(xí)接受教育。
Times change and we should change with them.時代變了，我們也應(yīng)該隨之而變。
⑩(表伴隨)同時：I slept with the window open.我開著窗睡覺。
?包含：The meal with wine came to ￡8 each.那頓飯連酒每人8英鎊。
?對，關(guān)于：What’s wrong [the matter] with you?你怎么了？
?(在祈使句中與副詞連用)：Away with him!帶他走！
withdraw v.①取回，提?。篒’ll withdraw my child from school.我要把孩子從學(xué)校接回。
②撤退，退出，撤回，收回：
He withdrew from the race.他退出比賽。
The?African?National?Congress?threatened?to?withdraw?from?the?talks.
非洲國民大會威脅要退出會談。
【拓展】withdrawal n.移開，撤回，撤退，撤開，收回，取回：
The?commander?ordered?an?immediate?withdrawal?of?the?troops.?
指揮員命令部隊立即撤退。
The country’s withdrawal of its experts from China did not strangle the Chinese people; on the contrary it stirred up their enthusiasm for greater exertions.該國從中國撤走專家并沒有壓垮中國人民；相反，這激起了中國人民更加努力的熱情。
within prep.在……里面，在……以內(nèi)：
I’ll be coming within an hour.一小時之內(nèi)我就會到。
No fishing is allowed within a twenty mile limit.二十英里范圍內(nèi)不準(zhǔn)垂釣。
This is a task well within your ability.這完全是你力所能及的工作。
Several cars are available within this price range.在這個價格范圍內(nèi)，有好幾種汽車可供選購。
Within these old walls there was once a town.在這些舊城墻里面曾經(jīng)有一座城市。
The noise seems to be coming from within the building.吵鬧聲像是從樓房里傳出來的。
without prep. ①不，無，沒：Don’t go out without a coat on.不要沒穿外衣就出去。
②若無，若非：Without water, we cannot live.沒有水，我們就活不了。
【拓展】do without沒有也行，將就(著)，用不著：
He?thinks?that?he?can?do?without?my?help.他認(rèn)為沒有我?guī)兔σ残小?br /> During the war there was a serious lack of food. It was not unusual that even the wealthy families had to do without bread for days.戰(zhàn)爭時期缺少食品，即使很富有的家庭也不得不將就著連續(xù)幾天沒有面包吃。
witness n.見證人，目擊者，(法庭上的)證人：
He?was?a?witness?to?the?accident.他是那次事故的目擊者。
She?was?a?witness?to?the?tragic?event.她目睹了這一悲慘事件。
Police have appealed for witnesses to the accident.警方呼吁這起事故的目擊者出來作證。
The lawyer examined the witness.律師訊問了證人。
v.①親眼看見，目睹，目擊：
He witnessed the accident.他親眼看見那個意外事故。
Did anyone witness the traffic accident?有誰目擊了這場交通事故？
She was shocked by the violent scenes she had witnessed.她被親眼目睹的暴虐場面驚呆了。
②是發(fā)生……的地點(或時間、組織等)，見證：
Recent years have witnessed a growing social mobility.近年來人們的社會流動性越來越大。
The retail trade is witnessing a sharp fall in sales.零售業(yè)的銷售額在急劇下降。
③為……作證：Ask a friend to witness your signature.請一位朋友給你的簽名作證。
wolf(pl wolves) n.狼：
The?wolf?has?a?terror?of?fire.狼特別怕火。
It is said that there are wolves in this forest.據(jù)說這片森林里有狼。
woman(pl women) n.婦女，女人：
That?medical?team?is?made?up?of20?women?doctors.那個醫(yī)療隊是由20名女醫(yī)生組成的。
wonder n.①驚訝，驚嘆：She looked at him in wonder.她驚訝地看著他。
②奇跡，奇觀：the seven wonders of the world 世界七大奇觀
v.①疑惑，驚奇：I wonder at what you say.你的話令我吃驚。
②想知道：I wonder if I might use your phone.不知可否用一下你的電話。
【拓展】①(It is/was) no/little wonder (that)...難怪……，……并不奇怪：
No wonder(that)he didn’t want to go.難怪他不想去。
It is no wonder that you are tired. You’ve been walking for hours.
難怪你累了。你已經(jīng)走了好幾個小時了。
②有時為了使語氣更委婉或更帶試探性，可用一般過去時或過去進行時(但并不表示過去意義)：I wondered/was wondering if you would spend the evening with us.不知你是否愿意今晚和我們在一起。
wonderful adj.美妙的，精彩的，極好的：This is a wonderful place for a picnic.這里是野餐的好地方。
wood n.①木頭，木材：We can use plastics in place of wood or metal.我們可用塑料來代替木材或金屬。
②(常用復(fù))樹林，森林：She got lost in the wood(s).她在森林里迷路了。
wool n.羊毛，羊絨：It’s hard to cut wool from sheep.剪羊毛很困難。
We wear wool in winter.我們冬天穿毛料衣服(毛衣)。
word n.①詞，單詞：You can look the word up in the dictionary.你可以在詞典里查這個詞。
②話，言語：Tell me in your own words.用你自己的話告訴我。
I?try?to?answer,?but?there?is?no?word.我嘗試著去回答，但卻無言以對。
Before I could get in a word, the tailor had measured me.
我還沒有來得及插話，裁縫已給我量好了尺寸。
③口信，消息：I received word of his safe arrival.我接到他平安抵達的消息。
④承諾，保證：I give you my word that I will return.我向你承諾/保證我會回來的。
【拓展】①break one’s word失信，食言：
I’m surprised to hear that he has broken his word.我真想不到他會失信。
對比：eat one’s words收回前言，承認(rèn)說錯：I’ve got to eat my words.我只好承認(rèn)我說錯了。
②have a word with同……說句話：May I have a word with you?我可以同你談?wù)剢幔?br /> 對比：have words with同……爭吵：
I saw Jim after the meeting. We had words.會后我見到了吉姆，我們吵架了。
③in a/one word一句話，總而言之：In a word, he loves you.一句話，他愛你。
④in other words換句話說，也就是說：
You say you took the book without his permission. In other words, you stole it.
你說你未經(jīng)他允許拿了那本書，也就是說，你偷了那本書。
⑤keep one’s word信守諾言：They kept their word.他們信守諾言。
⑥leave word留言：
He left word with my secretary that he would call again in the afternoon.
他留言給我秘書，說他下午再打電話來。
⑦send/bring word 捎信，傳話，通知：
He sent word that he would be late.他捎信來說他將遲來。
⑧word for word逐詞地，原原本本地：
Tell me what she said, word for word.把她說的一五一十地告訴我。
⑨A man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds.what
光說空話不做事，猶如花園光長刺。
⑩Actions speak louder than words.事實勝于雄辯/行動勝于語言。
work n.①工作，勞動：I go to work every day.我每天上班。
②職業(yè)，差事：He is looking for work.他在找工作。
③(用復(fù)數(shù))工廠：The steel works is closed for the holidays.鋼鐵廠因放假關(guān)了門。
④作品，著作：These are his important works.這些是他的重要著作。
(表示“工作”、“職業(yè)”等，不可數(shù)；表示“作品”、“著作”時，可數(shù)；表示“工廠”時，總是用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可以表示單數(shù)意義，如可說a works一家工廠，some glass works幾家玻璃工廠)。
v.①工作： I had to work for a living.我不得不工作謀生。
②行得通、奏效：The plan won’t work? How so?這個計劃行不通嗎？怎么會的？
③開動(機器等)，(機器等)運轉(zhuǎn)：The machine is worked by electricity.這機器是電動的。
【拓展】①at work在上班：He is at work now.他現(xiàn)在上班。
②out of work失業(yè)：
He is out of work now.他現(xiàn)在正在失業(yè)。
He?was?out?of?work?when?the?factory?closed.他在工廠倒閉后失業(yè)了。
③work on從事于，致力于，繼續(xù)工作：
If?I?choose?to?work?on?other?projects?in?my?own?time,?then?I?say?that?is?my?business.?
如果我選擇在業(yè)余時間做其他項目，我認(rèn)為那是我自己的事情。
He is working on a new novel.他在寫一本新小說。
④work out (計)算出，想出，解決，弄清楚，(如期)發(fā)生，進展(順利)：
Work?out?how?much?all?these?things?will?cost.算計算計買這么多東西要多少錢。
I’ll try and work something out.我要設(shè)法想個辦法出來。
It?took?me?some?time?to?work?out?what?was?causing?this.我花了一些時間才弄清此事的起因。
Things just didn’t work out as planned.事情根本沒有按計劃進行。
I?hope?it?will?work?out?well.我希望進展順利。
worker n.工人，勞動者，工作者：
About three-fifths of the workers in that steel works are young people.
那家鋼鐵廠大約五分之三的工人是年輕人。
A?former?loafter,?he?is?now?an?advanced?worker.他這個昔日浪子，今日成了先進工作者。
world n.①(連用the)世界：People all over the world love peace.全世界的人民都熱愛和平。
②(連用the)社會，世間：She doesn’t know the world yet.她不懂人情世故。
③(連用the)世人，全世界的人：The whole world know about it.全世界的人都知道這件事。
【拓展】in the world在世界上，究竟，到底：
Which is the biggest city in the world?世界上最大的城市是哪個？
Where in the world has he gone?他到底到哪兒去了？
worldwide adj.遍及全球的，世界范圍的：
The story has attracted worldwide attention.這件事已經(jīng)引起了全世界的關(guān)注。
Gasoline now has an almost worldwide use.汽油在全世界范圍內(nèi)被廣泛使用。
【拓展】adv.遍及全世界：Our product is sold worldwide.我們的產(chǎn)品行銷世界各地。
worm n.軟體蟲，蠕蟲(尤指蚯蚓)：
The bird had a worm in its beak.鳥兒嘴里叼著一條蟲。
They are birds looking for worms.它們是覓食蠕蟲的鳥。
worn adj.①用壞的，磨破的：The shirt was worn to rags.這件襯衫已穿得破爛不堪。
②憔悴的，筋疲力盡的：He came back worn and worried.他回來時又疲憊又憂慮。
【拓展】參看wear詞條中的be worn out：
worry n.①煩惱，擔(dān)憂：She has no worry at all.她沒有一點煩惱。
②煩惱的事(人)，煩惱的原因：My father has a lot of worries.我父親有許多煩惱的事。
v.①擔(dān)心，煩惱：Don’t worry about it.別為此事煩惱。
②使……擔(dān)心，使……煩惱：He worried himself about his future.他擔(dān)心自己的將來。
【拓展】worried adj. 感到擔(dān)憂的/擔(dān)心的/煩惱的(指心理感受)；worrying令人擔(dān)憂的(指給他人的感覺或印象)：
He has a worried look.他神色憂慮。
She is worried about her sick mother.她擔(dān)心她生病的母親。
The?situation?in?Ethiopia?in?particular?is?worrying.埃塞俄比亞的局勢尤其令人擔(dān)憂。
worth prep.& adj.
①值得……的：
It might be worth thinking about.這可能值得考慮。
His words are worth notice.他的話值得注意。
No one is worth a great deal of sacrifice.沒有誰值得付出重大的犧牲。
②值(多少錢)：It’s might be worth a lot of money.它可能值很多錢。
③擁有……價值的財產(chǎn)：He is worth a million dollars.他身家百萬。
n.價值，意義，值一定金額的數(shù)量：
The thieves stole 1 million pounds’ worth of treasure.竊賊偷走了價值100萬英磅的金銀財寶。
Just 44 years old, his net worth tops $20 billion.年僅44歲，他的財富純價值已高達200億美元。
【拓展】①worth one’s while值得某人去做，值得某人花時間：
The work is worth your while.這工作值得你花時間去做。
②It’s worth (one’s) while to do sth. (doing sth.)某事值得某人去做：
It’s worth while doing /to do the work.這項工作值得做。
It will be worth your while to come to the meeting.你來參加會議對你會大有好處。
③表示值得做某事時，后接的動詞不能用不定式，要用動名詞(用主動形式表示被動意義)，且按傳統(tǒng)語法，句子主語應(yīng)是該動名詞的邏輯賓語，但在現(xiàn)代英語中也用形式主語it句子主語：The film is worth seeing.=It is worth seeing the film.這部電影值得看。
④要加強worth的語氣，習(xí)慣上不用very，而用well：
There are a few books on the shelf. But only one of them is well worth reading.
書架上有一些書，但只有一本書非常值得一讀。
⑤worthless adj.沒有價值的，沒有用的：
His advice was worthless to me.他的勸告對我毫無用處。
The coin was almost completely worthless.這塊硬幣幾乎完全沒有價值。
⑥用于諺語A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.一鳥在手勝過二鳥在林。
worthwhile adj.值得做的：
It is worthwhile to include really high-quality illustrations.把真正高質(zhì)量的插圖包括進去是值得的。
It didn’t seem worthwhile writing it all out again.把這再都寫出來似乎不必要。
worthy adj.①值得……的：
He is worthy of our praise.他值得我們表揚。
The book is worthy of being read.這本書值得一讀。
When?we?die?for?the?people;?it?is?a?worthy?death.我們?yōu)槿嗣穸溃褪撬赖闷渌?br /> ②相稱的，配得上的：I don’t think he is worthy of her.我認(rèn)為他配不上她。
【拓展】deserve, worth, worthy 和worthwhile區(qū)別與聯(lián)系(一句多譯)：
他關(guān)于改革方案的報告值得考慮。
His report on the reform plan deserves consideration/deserves considering/deserves to be considered.
His report on the reform plan is worth consideration.
His report on the reform plan is worth considering.
His report on the reform plan worthy of being considered.
His report on the reform plan is worthy to be considered.
It is worth considering his report on the reform plan.
It?is?worthwhile?considering his report on the reform plan.
It?is?worthwhile?to consider his report on the reform plan.
另外：①worth是一個只能作表語的形容詞，不可以用作定語。
②worthy可作表語，也可作定語：
This is a worthy English-Chinese dictionary.這是一本有價值的英漢詞典。
This is a worthy article.這是一篇值得一看的文章。
He said he was not worthy to accept such honour.他說他不配接受這樣的榮譽。
作后置定語時，必須用“worthy of +名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)：
There is nothing worthy of mention.沒有值得一提的事情。
This is behavior worthy of praise.這是值得稱贊的行為。
③worthwhile與worthy一樣，既可作表語，又可作定語。表示某事因重要、有趣或受益大而值得花時間、金錢或努力去做，一般做“值得的”、“值得做的”、“有意義的”解。用作表語時，可接動名詞或動詞不定式：
The Summer Palace is worthwhile going/to go to have a visit.
頤和園值得去參觀一下。
Helping old people is a worthwhile activity.幫助老年人是一項有意義的行動。
Thank you for your worthwhile suggestion.謝謝你的寶貴建議。
I really feel I am doing something worthwhile.
我真的覺得我在做一些值得做的事情。
would modal v.
①(will的過去式)將會：
You said you would be free that night.你說那晚上你有空。
②意愿：He wouldn’t help me yesterday.他昨天不愿幫助我。
Liu?Hulan?would?rather?die?than?surrender?before?the?enemy.劉胡蘭在敵人面前寧死不屈。
③(委婉地征求意見或提出請求)：
Would you please post the letter for me?請幫我寄了這封信好嗎？
Would?you?like?me?to?interpret?for?you?要不要我來幫你翻譯？
Would?you?like?to?tell?me?what?happened?能告訴我發(fā)生了什么事嗎？
④過去常常：
When he was young he would often walk in these woods.他年輕時常在這些樹林里散步。
wound v.受傷，傷害：
Two soldiers died and three others were wounded in the attack.
在這次襲擊中，有兩名士兵犧牲，三名受傷。
He was deeply wounded by their disloyalty.因為他們不忠，他十分傷心。
You should pay attention not to wound his pride.注意不要傷害他的自尊心。
n.創(chuàng)傷，傷口：
I hope her emotional wound will heal with the passing of time.
我希望她感情上的創(chuàng)傷能隨時間的流逝而治愈。
She got deep psychological wounds.她受到很深的心理創(chuàng)傷。
The soldier received a serious wound on the chest.這名士兵胸部受了重傷。
That was a wound to the child’s pride.那是對孩子自尊心的傷害。
The wound is healing fast.傷口愈合得很快。
【拓展】①wounded adj.受傷的：The wounded were taken off to the hospital.傷員被送到了醫(yī)院。
②hurt, injure, wound的區(qū)別參看hurt詞條。
wrap v.包，裹，覆蓋，隱藏：
He is all?wrapped up?in his scientific studies.他完全埋頭于科學(xué)研究之中。
Wrap the meat in foil before you cook it.把肉用錫箔裹起來后再燒。
The events are wrapped in mystery.這些事情隱藏在神秘的氣氛之中。
【拓展】①wrap up動詞短語的意義見下列例句：
You should wrap up the gift in a paper.你應(yīng)該把禮物用紙包好。
He?wrapped up?his meaning in a fancy speech.他把自己的意圖隱藏在精心措詞的語言里。
She tried to wrap up a censure in a polite formula.她試圖用客套的話掩飾指責(zé)之意。
Let’s?wrap?up?the?job?and?go?home.我們收工回家吧。
It’s?time?again?for?us?to?wrap?up?our?program.我們今天的節(jié)目又要結(jié)束了。
②unwrap v.打開/解開/拆開……的包裝?：
Don’t unwrap your present until your birthday.生日禮物要等到你生日那天才可打開。
③wrapper n.包裝紙，封套，封皮：
Put the?wrapper?in the bin.把包裝紙扔進垃圾箱。
wrestle v.①摔跤，與……搏斗：Can you wrestle?你會摔跤嗎？
②奮戰(zhàn)，拼命，對抗：We must wrestle with the task.我們必須拼命完成這項任務(wù)。
③奮力對付，努力處理，全力解決，試圖解決，絞盡腦汁處理：
She had spent the whole weekend wrestling with the problem.
她整個周末都在絞盡腦汁處理這個問題。
He wrestled with the controls as the plane plunged.飛機向下沖時，他竭力控制住操縱裝置。
She has been wrestling to raise the money all year.她一年來一直在想方設(shè)法籌集這筆資金。
wrinkle n.皺紋：She’s beginning to get wrinkles round her eyes.她的眼角開始有皺紋了。
wrist n.手腕：He seized me by the wrist.他抓住我的手腕。
write(wrote, written) v.
①寫，書寫：
Please write me the result.=Please write the result to me.請把結(jié)果寫給我。
He wrote down the outline of his lecture.他寫下演講的提綱。
②寫作：He wrote several books on Britain.他寫了幾本討論英國的書。
③寫信(給某人)：He wrote to say he wouldn’t come.他寫信說他不來了。
【拓展】writer n.作家，作者，撰寫人，寫字的人：
Turner?is?a?writer?and?critic.特納是作家兼批評家。
She?is?a?prolific?writer?of?novels?and?short?stories.
她是一位多產(chǎn)的作家，寫了很多小說和短篇故事。
No-one?is?to?see?the?document?without?the?permission?of?the?writer?of?the?report.?
此報告未經(jīng)作者允許，任何人不得翻閱。
wrong adj.①錯誤的：
It would be wrong for you to refuse.你如果拒絕就錯了。
Sorry, I must have dialled the wrong number.對不起，我一定是撥錯電話號碼了。
He was driving on the wrong side of the road.他開車行駛在道路逆行的一側(cè)。
②不正常的，有毛病的：
What’s wrong with the car this time?汽車這次又出了什么事？
The radio which I bought last week has gone wrong.
我上周買的收音機壞了。
③(道德上)壞的，不正當(dāng)?shù)模篠tealing is wrong.偷竊是不對的。
④不適合的，不妥當(dāng)?shù)模贿m當(dāng)?shù)模?br /> A correct word used in a wrong cultural or religious context is a wrong word.
一個正確的字用在一個不適當(dāng)?shù)奈幕蜃诮瘫尘袄?，也將成為一個錯字。
X-ray n. X射線，X光，X光片：
X-rays are used by doctors to examine the bones or organs inside our body.
X光被醫(yī)生用來檢查人體內(nèi)部的骨骼和器官。
She went to the hospital for an X-ray yesterday.她昨天去醫(yī)院作了X光檢查。
The chest X-rays showed moderate enlargement of the heart.胸部X光片顯示出心臟稍有擴大。
【拓展】X-ray v.照X光，X光檢查：
All hand baggage must be x-rayed.所有的手提行李都必須接受X光檢查。
yard n.①碼(長度單位)：Cloth is sold by the yard.布是按碼賣的。
②院子：He parked his car in the yard.他把車停在院子里。
yawn v.①打呵欠：I felt so sleepy I couldn’t stop yawning.我感到很困，止不住地打呵欠。
②打著呵欠說：He yawned (out) a good night.他打著呵欠道晚安。
③張開大口，張得很開：
A crevasse yawned at their feet.他們的腳下是一條張開大口的裂縫。
There’s a yawning gap between rich and poor.貧富之間有一條鴻溝。
yeah adv.(多用在口語中)是，用于表示對后說的話不相信，(用于作出回應(yīng))是，哦，好的等等
—I?think?you’re?being?paranoid.我認(rèn)為你太多疑了。
—Yeah.?I?guess?so.?是啊，我也是這樣認(rèn)為。
—I’m going to be rich one day.總有一天我會發(fā)財?shù)摹?br /> —Oh yeah(= I don’t believe you.)??哦，真的？
—We’re off to France soon.我們很快就要去法國了。
—Oh yeah? When’s that?哦，是嗎？什么時候去呀？
—Bring?us?something?to?drink.給我們拿點喝的。
—Yeah,?yeah.?好的，好的。
year n.①年：Winter is the coldest season in a year.冬季是一年中最冷的季節(jié)。
The thief was put into prison for one year.小偷被監(jiān)禁一年。
②歲：She is sixteen years old but has a mental age of five.她十六歲，而智力年齡是五歲。
③年度，學(xué)年：
She was designated sportswoman of the year.她被指定為本年度的體壇明星。
Mary will proceed to the degree of M.A. this year.瑪麗本學(xué)年將繼續(xù)攻讀碩士學(xué)位。
【拓展】①all(the)year round全年，整年：
We used to work six days a week all (the) year round.我們過去全年都是每周工作6天。
②year after year年年，年復(fù)一年，一年又一年：
It’s always the same, year after year.年年總是如此。
Four?seasons?cycle?year?after?year.?年復(fù)一年(一年又一年)，四季循環(huán)往復(fù)。
③year by year一年一年地：
Year by year their business grew.他們的生意一年一年地發(fā)展了起來。
④yearly adj.每年的，一年一度的，一年間的；adv.每年，一年一度：
In?Holland,?the?government?sets?a?yearly?budget?for?health?care.?
在荷蘭，政府會制定醫(yī)療保健部門的年度預(yù)算。
This?is?their?average?yearly?output.這是他們每年的平均產(chǎn)量。
They?breed?twice?yearly.它們每年繁殖兩次。
I get a physical examination yearly.我一年做一次身體檢查。
yell v.大聲叫喊，大喊大叫，大聲喊出：
You don’t have to yell; I can hear you.你用不著大聲叫喊，我聽得見。
He yelled at her to be careful.他大聲叫她注意。
Don’t yell at me!別對我大喊大叫！
We yelled our good-byes as the bus left.汽車離開時我們大喊再見。
Let’s yell out beautiful, practical and challenging sentences to crack your pronunciation.
讓我們喊出漂亮，實用有意義的句子來突破英語的發(fā)音。
yellow adj. ①黃色的：The traffic light turned yellow.黃燈亮了。
②黃皮膚的，黃色人種的：
Chinese?people?belong?to?the?yellow?race.?They?have?yellow?skin,?and?black?eyes.?
中國人是黃種人，他們有著黃皮膚和黑眼睛。
③膽怯的，懦弱的：He is too yellow to stand up and fight.他太膽怯而不敢起來抵抗。
【拓展】a yellow dog卑鄙的人：
He?is?a?yellow?dog,?and?all?of?us?hate?him.他是個卑鄙小人，我們都討厭他。
yes interj.& adv.
①(表示肯定答復(fù)或同意)是，是的：
“Is this your car?” “Yes, it is.” “這是你的車嗎？”“對，是的?！?br /> ②(表示疑問或反問，讀升調(diào))是嗎，真的嗎：
“The boy can run 100 metres in eleven seconds.” “Yes?”“這男孩跑100米只要11秒?！薄罢娴膯?？”
③(用來應(yīng)答呼喚)噯，我在這兒，有什么事：
“Mary!” “Yes, mother.”“瑪麗！”“我在這兒，媽媽！”
④(用來征求對方意見，用升調(diào))對不對，好不好：
Let’s go out for a walk, yes?我們出去散散步，好不好？
⑤(表同意)對，不錯：
Yes, it is right, but it isn’t workable.不錯，那樣做是對的，但是那樣做行不通。
yesterday n.昨天：
Yesterday was Friday.昨天是星期五。
He?brought?up?another?idea?at?yesterday’s?meeting.昨天的會上他又提出了一個想法。
They?arrived?in?Paris?the?day?before?yesterday.前天他們到達了巴黎。
Yesterday?is?a?day?of?nightmare?to?me.昨天對我來講，有點像惡夢般的一天。
adv.昨天：I saw him only yesterday.我昨天才見到他。
yet adv.①(用于否定句)還(沒)：He hasn’t come yet.他還沒來。
②(用于疑問句)現(xiàn)在，已經(jīng)：Has he left yet?他已離開了嗎？
③(修飾比較級)更加，還要：You must work yet harder.你工作還要加把勁。
【拓展】①and yet/but yet雖然如此，可是，然而：
The boy is fat and (but) yet he runs very fast.這男孩雖胖，卻跑得很快。
②as yet到目前為止，迄今(通常用于否定句)：
As yet, there’s been no news.到目前為此還沒有消息。
③not yet還沒有，尚未：
—Have?you?got?the?plan?ready?yet?計劃做好了嗎？
—No,?not?yet.還沒做好。
yoghurt n.酸乳酪，酸奶：Two strawberry yoghurts, please.請來兩份草酸乳酪。
you pron.①你，你們(主賓格代詞)：
I shall wait for you at about seven-thirty.我將在大約7點30分等你。
Do you have a room available?你們有空房間嗎？
②泛指(任何人)：Nobody wants to help you in this town.在這座小城市里沒有人愿意幫助別人。
young adj.年輕的，幼小的：Respect the old and cherish the young.尊老愛幼。
【拓展】①young與定冠詞連用，表示“年輕人”(具有復(fù)數(shù)意義)：
The young are mostly ambitious.年輕人多半有雄心。
②youngster n.年輕人，少年：
The camp is for youngsters aged 8 to 14.這次夏令營是為8至14歲的少年兒童安排的。
your pron.你的，你們的(形容詞性物主代詞)：
Your work falls short of my expectations.你的工作未達到我的期望。
Please advise us of any change in your plan.你們的計劃倘有變更,請告訴我們。
yours pron.(名詞性物主代詞)你的，你們的：
His problem is similar to yours.他的問題和你的相似。
Our feelings are in unison with yours.我們的感情與你們的感情是一致的。
yourself(pl yourselves) pron.你/你們自己，你/你們親自：
Please make yourself at home.請別客氣。
You can try it out for yourselves.你們可以親自試一試。
youth n.①青春：She lost her youth.她青春不再。
②青年時代，年輕時候：He was quite a good sportsman in his youth.他年輕時是運動健將。
③青年人：The youth today are worried about jobs.今天的年輕人擔(dān)心找不到工作。
yummy adj.美味的，挺好的：
This cake is really yummy.蛋糕非常美味。
Chocolate cake for tea? How yummy!有巧克力蛋糕當(dāng)茶點？多好吃啊！
I could eat a whole pot of that hot, yummy carrot.我可以吃一鍋那樣的又熱又好吃的胡蘿卜。
zero n.①(數(shù)字的)零：
One?minus?one?leaves?zero.?一減一等于零。
The official said that the central government has been combating corruption with a zero-tolerance policy.
這位官員表示中央政府在反腐敗問題上始終依從零容忍政策。
②零度：It was 10 below zero this morning.今天早上的氣溫是零下10度。
③最低點，烏有：
His reputation was rapidly sinking below zero.魔術(shù)師的信譽一下子下降到最低點。
His hope was reduced to zero.他的希望化為烏有。
zip v.①拉開(或扣上)……的拉鏈，拉鏈：He zipped the bag open.他拉開了包的拉鏈。
②壓縮(文檔)：These files have been zipped up to take up less disk space.
這些文檔已經(jīng)進行了壓縮，以節(jié)省磁盤空間。
n.①拉鏈：The zip stuck because it was caught by a thread.拉鏈被線卡住了, 拉不動。
②精力，活力：We need to put some zip into this presentation.我們需要為這次演出注人一些活力。
【拓展】zip up增添滋味：
A little garlic will zip up the fish.魚里加點大蒜，味道會更好一點。
zone n.①區(qū)域，地帶，時區(qū)：
They have declared their country a, nuclear-free zone.他們宣布本國為無核區(qū)。
The Norwegians live in a comparatively cold zone.挪威人生活在比較寒冷的地區(qū)。
They are pulling their troops out of the battle zone.他們正把部隊調(diào)離戰(zhàn)區(qū)。
②氣候帶：My uncle lived in the temperate zone.我舅舅住在氣候溫帶地區(qū)。
zoo n.動物園：Did you see any elephants in the zoo last week?上星期你在動物園里看到大象了嗎？
zoom v.①飛馳，飛快地掠過：
A?police?car?zoomed?by?very?close?to?them.一輛警車從他們身邊擦身疾馳而過。
The plane zoomed up into the sky and was soon out of sight.那架飛機陡直飛上天空，很快就不見了。
②嗡嗡作響：We heard a jet plane zooming overhead.我們聽見噴氣式飛機在頭上嗡嗡作響。
③(價格)飛漲，急速上升：House prices have zoomed up this year.今年房屋價格飛漲。