四 Unit 2 Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ. 單詞拼寫
1. We all shared in her happiness when she wn the schlarship(獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金).
2. Time is the mst precius(寶貴的)thing that we have.
3. In a gd marriage(婚姻), bth husband and wife wrk hard t slve any prblems that arise.
4. His passive(被動(dòng)的) attitude made me really annyed.
5. The principle(原則) f the design is t ffer the best t the readers.
6. Scial evlutin always takes place in the dilemma(困境) f ecnmic develpment and cultural preservatin.
7. I did stay right where I was, until I turned 65 and my bss made me retire(退休).
8. Students themselves need t cultivate their gd virtues(美德) and qualities.
9. They expect him t d well in the next electin(選舉).
10. That will give us time t sell it elsewhere(別的地方) if yu are nt interested.
Ⅱ. 單句語法填空
1. D yu think we shuld try t prtect thse ld buildings r replace them with the mdern nes?
2. If yu mved t that cuntry, wuld yu be nervus r scared(scare)?
3. As a result, these students tend t feel(feel)sleepy all day and have bad memries.
4. The Jurney t the West is a Chinese nvel published(publish) in the 16th century during the Ming dynasty.
5. I’m writing t respnd t yur advertisement fr the psitin f sales manager.
6. I am writing t cmplain abut ne f yur bus-drivers’ imprper and rude behavirs.
7. Nw, let’s make an appintment(appint) at 7: 00 pm next Sunday at the library near my hme.
8. Enugh sleep can make us energetic(energy) and perfrm well in an exam.
9. If we make the same chice as the majrity(majr), it will greatly reduce the risk f making wrng chices.
10. I have never seen a better(gd) perfrmance than this ne.
Ⅰ. 閱讀理解
A
(2019·濟(jì)南高一檢測)
Marian Wright Edelman, an American lawyer, educatr and children’s rights activist, was brn n June 6, 1939 in Suth Carlina, ne f five children. Her father Arthur Wright was a preacher (牧師) wh died when she was nly 14 years ld. In his last wrds t her, he advised her nt t “l(fā)et anything get in the way f yur educatin. ”
After high schl, Edelman went n t study at Spelman Cllege and later traveled t the Sviet Unin. When she returned t Spelman in 1959, Edelman became invlved in the civil rights mvement. This wrk inspired her t drp her plans t enter the Freign Service and study law instead. In 1973, Edelman set up the Children’s Defense Fund as a vice fr pr and disabled children. She served as a public speaker n behalf f these children.
During a tur, Marian met Peter Edelman, an assistant t Kennedy, and the next year she mved t Washingtn, D. C. t marry him and t wrk fr scial justice in the center f America’s plitical scene. The cuple had three sns: Jshua, Jnah and Ezra. Jnah is the funder f Stand fr Children, a grup that prmtes children’s educatin, and Ezra is a dcumentary (紀(jì)錄片) filmmaker wh wn an Emmy fr his film “O. J. : Made in America. ”
Edelman is the authr f many bks fr children and adults. Her titles fr readers include I’m Yur child, Gd: Prayers fr Our Children, Guide My Feet: Prayers and Meditatins fr Our Children, Lanterns: A Memir f Mentrs, and The Measure f Our Success: A Letter t My Children and Yurs, which was a surprising success.
【文章大意】本文講述了一位出身牧師家庭的美國黑人女性, 憑著自己對正義公平的信仰, 依靠自身所受的良好教育, 投身民權(quán)和社會(huì)公益事業(yè)的故事。
1. What d we knw abut Edelman’s family?
A. She was the single child.
B. Her mther was a preacher.
C. They tk educatin seriusly.
D. The family had a pr life.
【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句In his last wrds t her, he advised her nt t “l(fā)et anything get in the way f yur educatin. ”(父親在給她的臨終遺言中, 建議她不要“讓任何事情妨礙你的教育”。)可推知Edelman的家庭對教育認(rèn)真嚴(yán)肅。
2. Why did Edelman drp her plans t enter the Freign Service?
A. She wanted t study abrad.
B. She intended t be a lawyer.
C. She had little time fr her wrk.
D. She was interested in civil rights.
【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中When she returned t Spelman in 1959, Edelman became invlved in the civil rights mvement. This wrk inspired her t drp her plans t enter the Freign Service and study law instead. (1959年, 當(dāng)她回到斯佩爾曼時(shí), 埃德爾曼參與了民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)。這份工作激勵(lì)她放棄了進(jìn)入外交部門學(xué)習(xí)法律的計(jì)劃。)可知Edelman對民權(quán)很感興趣, 讓她放棄了進(jìn)入外交部門的計(jì)劃。
3. Where did Edelman get married?
A. In Washingtn D. C. B. In the Sviet Unin.
C. In Suth Carlina. D. In Spelman.
【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中During a tur, Marian met Peter Edelman, an assistant t Kennedy, and the next year she mved t Washingtn, D. C. t marry him and t wrk fr scial justice in the center f America’s plitical scene. (在一次旅行中, Marian遇到了肯尼迪的助手Peter Edelman。第二年, 她搬到了華盛頓特區(qū), 嫁給了他, 并在美國政治舞臺(tái)的中心為社會(huì)正義工作。)可知Edelman是在華盛頓特區(qū)結(jié)婚的。
4. What can be learned abut Edelman’s children?
A. They all wrked fr scial justice.
B. They achieved smething in career.
C. They wn many awards in their lives.
D. They cntributed t their mther’s bks.
【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中The cuple had three sns: Jshua, Jnah and Ezra. Jnah is the funder f Stand fr Children, a grup that prmtes children’s educatin, and Ezra is a dcumentary filmmaker wh wn an Emmy fr his film “O. J. : Made in America. ”(這對夫婦有三個(gè)兒子: 約書亞、約拿和以斯拉。約拿是促進(jìn)兒童教育的組織Stand fr Children的創(chuàng)始人, 以斯拉是一位紀(jì)錄片導(dǎo)演, 他的電影《O. J. : Made in America. 》獲得了艾美獎(jiǎng)。”)可知Edelman的孩子在事業(yè)上有所成就。
B
(2019·鄭州高一檢測)
The Wrld Happiness Reprt, a United Natins agency reprt, measures (估量) hw happy peple are, and why. Nrway is the happiest place n Earth—beating neighbur Denmark frm the number ne psitin.
Denmark, Iceland, Switzerland and Finland rund ut the tp five, while the Central African Republic came last. Western Eurpe and Nrth America tk up mst f the places at the tp f table, with the US and UK at 14th and 19th.
The Wrld Happiness Reprt mainly depends n asking a simple questin f mre than 1, 000 peple every year in mre than 150 cuntries. “Imagine a ladder (梯子), with steps numbered frm 0 at the bttm t 10 at the tp, ” the questin asks, “The tp f the ladder is the best pssible life fr yu and the bttm f the ladder is the wrst pssible life fr yu. On which step f the ladder wuld yu say yu persnally feel yu stand at this time? ”
The average result is the cuntry’s scre—frm Nrway’s 7. 54 t the Central African Republic’s 2. 69. But the reprt als tries t explain why ne cuntry is happier than anther. It lks at reasns including ecnmic strength (經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力) , scial supprt, freedm f chice, and genersity.
This year’s reprt als has a text titled “restring (恢復(fù)) American happiness”, which examines why happiness levels in the United States are falling, despite cntinually-increasing ecnmic imprvement. “The United States can and shuld raise happiness by slving America’s scial prblems—rising inequality and distrust—rather than fcusing mainly n ecnmic grwth, ” the authrs said.
Jeffrey Sachs, the directr f the Sustainable Develpment Slutins Netwrk, which published the reprt, said President Dnald Trump’s plicies were likely t make things wrse.
【文章大意】本文主要講述了世界幸福報(bào)告及各國排名并指出影響幸福排名的因素, 包括經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力, 社會(huì)支持, 選擇自由和慷慨。
5. Which f the fllwing is the crrect rder f the cuntries in terms f happiness levels?
A. Denmark, the UK, the US, the Central African Republic
B. Denmark, the US, the UK, the Central African Republic
C. the US, Denmark, the UK, the Central African Republic
D. Denmark, the US, the Central African Republic, the UK
【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Denmark, Iceland, Switzerland and Finland rund ut the tp five, while the Central African Republic came last. Western Eurpe and Nrth America tk up mst f the places at the tp f table, with the US and UK at 14th and 19th. ” 可知Denmark, the US, the UK和the Central African Republic的幸福排名從高到低, 故選B項(xiàng)。
6. Hw des the Wrld Happiness Reprt measure happiness?
A. By asking a questin.
B. By having a cnversatin.
C. By ding scientific research.
D. By carrying ut an nline survey.
【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“The Wrld Happiness Reprt mainly depends n asking a simple questin f mre than 1, 000 peple every year in mre than 150 cuntries. ” 《世界幸福報(bào)告》的主要依據(jù)是每年向150多個(gè)國家的1000多人詢問一個(gè)簡單的問題。因此《世界幸福報(bào)告》就是通過問問題來衡量幸福的, 故選A項(xiàng)。
7. What can we knw abut America frm the passage?
A. Its peple live an unhappy life.
B. Its ecnmy is ging dwnhill.
C. Its scial prblems are hard t slve.
D. It has a lwer happiness level than befre.
【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章“This year’s reprt als has a text titled “restring American happiness”, which examines why happiness levels in the United States are falling, despite cntinually-increasing ecnmic imprvement. ”今年的報(bào)告還有一個(gè)文本標(biāo)題為“恢復(fù)美國幸福”, 調(diào)查為什么在美國幸福水平正在下降, 盡管經(jīng)濟(jì)與日增長?？梢酝茢喑雒绹腋Ｋ?jīng)]有以前好, 所以要求恢復(fù)美國幸福水平, 故選D項(xiàng)。
8. What’s the authr’s purpse f writing the passage?
A. T explain the reasn fr being happy.
B. T intrduce the Wrld Happiness Reprt.
C. T talk abut America’s scial prblem.
D. T discuss the plicies by Dnald Trump.
【解析】選B。推理判斷題。本文主題就是介紹《世界幸福報(bào)告》及各國排名, 并指出影響幸福排名的因素, 所以作者的目的就是介紹《世界幸福報(bào)告》。故選B項(xiàng)。
Ⅱ. 閱讀填句
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
(2019·株洲高一檢測)
When writing the stry f yur life, dn’t let smene else hld the pen. 1 Here are sme ideas fr writing a life stry:
Live happily in yur wn way. Yu are nt in this wrld t live up t the expectatins f thers, nr shuld yu feel that thers are here t live up t yurs. What success means t each f us is ttally different. Success t thers may mean being a gd parent. Success is nly abut spending yur life happily in yur wn way.
2 There are thusands f pssible paths up the muntain f life, s it really desn’t matter which path yu start ff n. The nly mistake is by wasting time running arund at the base f the muntain, telling everyne that yur life path is wrng.
Embrace (信奉) new ideas, lessns, and challenges. Smetimes grwing up means grwing apart frm ld habits, relatinships, and situatins, and finding smething new that truly mves yu. 3 Yu shuld lk very clearly int the unknwn and enjy it. Because when yu cme in cntact with things that yu dn’t knw, that’s when yu’re learning, grwing, and truly living.
Live hnrably thrugh kindness. If yu live hnrably, n matter hw ld yu get, yu’ll never lse yur beauty. 4
Spend quality time with peple yu lve. 5 Peple dn’t live frever. Appreciate what yu have, wh lves yu and wh cares fr yu. Yu’ll never knw hw much they mean until the day when they are n lnger beside yu. Smeday yu will either regret nt ding s, r yu will say, “I’m glad I did. ”
A. Lst time is never fund again.
B. Appreciate the little things in life that mean a lt.
C. Change yur path when yu must, but keep mving frward.
D. There is nthing mre wnderful than seeing life as an adventure.
E. Fr thers, it may mean t simply be happy r it can be all f the abve.
F. And remember, there is n better thing than reaching ut and hlding the hand f smene in need.
G. Make wise chices every day because the way yu live each day is a sentence in the stry f yur life.
【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。短文就如何過好自己的一生向讀者提出了幾點(diǎn)建議。
1. 【解析】選G。由“When writing the stry f yur life, dn’t let smene else hld the pen. ______ Here are sme ideas fr writing a life stry”可知, 譜寫自己人生篇章的時(shí)候, 不要把筆交給別人。以下是譜寫人生篇章的一些想法。所以該空起到承上啟下的作用。故G選項(xiàng)“每天都要做出明智的選擇, 因?yàn)槟忝刻斓纳罘绞骄褪悄闳松轮械囊痪湓挕狈项}意。故G選項(xiàng)切題。
2. 【解析】選C。由“There are thusands f pssible paths up the muntain f life, s it really desn’t matter which path yu start ff n. The nly mistake is by wasting time running arund at the base f the muntain, telling everyne that yur life path is wrng. ”可知, 通往人生這座高山有很多路可以走, 走哪條并不重要。唯一的錯(cuò)誤是我們把時(shí)間浪費(fèi)在了在山腳下徘徊, 告訴其他人你選擇的路是一條錯(cuò)誤的路。所以本段主要在告訴讀者當(dāng)你必須改變自己所走的路時(shí), 你可以改變。但不能停留, 要繼續(xù)前行也就是本段小標(biāo)題所要說的內(nèi)容。故C選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你必須改變自己所走的路時(shí), 你可以改變。但要繼續(xù)前行”符合題意。故C選項(xiàng)切題。
3. 【解析】選D。由“Smetimes grwing up means grwing apart frm ld habits, relatinships, and situatins, and finding smething new that truly mves yu. ______ Yu shuld lk very clearly int the unknwn and enjy it. ”可知, 有時(shí)候, 成長意味著遠(yuǎn)離陳舊的習(xí)慣、人際關(guān)系和環(huán)境, 去發(fā)現(xiàn)一些真正打動(dòng)你的新東西。你應(yīng)該非常清楚地看到未知的事物并去享受它的樂趣。所以該空與前后句在一同說明小標(biāo)題的內(nèi)容。故D選項(xiàng)“沒有什么比把生活看成一場冒險(xiǎn)更奇妙的了”符合題意。故D選項(xiàng)切題。
4. 【解析】選F。由“If yu live hnrably, n matter hw ld yu get, yu’ll never lse yur beauty”可知, 如果你活得體面, 無論你多大, 你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)失去你的青春。所以該空要說明標(biāo)題的中的“kindness”。故F選項(xiàng)“記住, 沒有什么比伸出手來幫助有需要的人更好的了”符合題意。故F選項(xiàng)切題。
5. 【解析】選A。由小標(biāo)題“Spend quality time with peple yu lve”以及“Peple dn’t live frever. ”可知, 與你愛的人共度美好時(shí)光。人們不會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)活著。所以該空要說明要珍惜時(shí)間與下一句一同來說明小標(biāo)題的內(nèi)容。故A選項(xiàng)“光陰一去不復(fù)返”符合題意。故A選項(xiàng)切題。
【閱讀多維訓(xùn)練】
This year’s reprt als has a text titled “restring American happiness”, which examines why happiness levels in the United States are falling, despite cntinually-increasing ecnmic imprvement.
分析:
本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。句中which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句, 修飾先行詞a text titled “restring American happiness”; 句中 titled “restring American happiness”為過去分詞短語作定語; why happiness levels in the United States are falling, 為why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句; despite cntinually-increasing ecnmic imprvement. 為介詞短語作讓步狀語。
譯文: 今年的報(bào)告也有一篇題為“恢復(fù)美國幸?！钡奈恼? 這篇文章調(diào)查了美國幸福指數(shù)下降的原因, 盡管經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況持續(xù)改善。
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