1. “Life is precius. ... T a persn nthing is mre precius than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, hw culd I refuse that trust, saying I’m cld, hungry, r tired?” (Para. 1) 對一個人來說，沒有什么比他們的生命更加珍貴的了……
【句式解讀】①句中nthing is mre precius than...為“否定詞＋形容詞/副詞比較級＋than...”結(jié)構(gòu)，此處用比較級結(jié)構(gòu)表示最高級的含義?！居梅偨Y(jié)】最高級意義的多種表達法：(1)否定詞＋形容詞/副詞比較級(＋than)(2)否定詞＋s/as＋形容詞/副詞原級＋as all the ther + 名詞復數(shù) the ther + 名詞復數(shù)(3)比較級+than+ any f the ther + 名詞復數(shù) anything/anyne else
any ther + 名詞單數(shù)
即學即練：單句語法填空/補全句子:①It never enters his mind that anyne is _______ (gd) than him.②There is n ther cmmandment _________ (great) than these.③Nrway has mre fresh water ______ any f the ther cuntries in the wrld.④Jerry is __________________________________________________________ in her class.吉米是她班上最聰明的學生。⑤Nthing is __________________________________________ health.健康最為重要。
mre intelligent than any ther student
/all the ther students
as/s imprtant as (＝mre imprtant than)
They came back frm the park, ___________________ all the way. (一路歡聲笑語）The students entered the lecture hall, _______________________.(跟隨他們的老師）
畫線部分在句中做什么成分？
fllwing their teacher(s)
talking and laughing
1. At age 18, instead f fllwing the traditinal path f marriage like the majrity f girls, she chse t study medicine. (Para. 2)2. Finding a gd husband shuld be their final gal! (Para. 2) ? Swimming is a very gd exercise fr health, I suggest yu d mre swimming. ? Returning t life is the fundamental way t restre mre educatin.? A prverb says, “It is n use crying ver the spilt milk.”? Reading and writing are tw imprtant skills in English learning.
V-ing作介詞的賓語
2. These wrds f Dr Lin Qiazhi give us a lk int the heart f this amazing wman, and what carried her thrugh a life f hard chices. 林巧稚醫(yī)生的一席話使我們得以窺見這位非凡女性的內(nèi)心世界，并了解是什么支撐她度過充滿艱難抉擇的一生。句子理解：give us a lk ... and what carried her ...，give后有兩個直接賓語，一個是a lk，一個是what引導的從句。carry sb thrugh sth幫助某人渡過難關(guān)①We are determined t carry thrugh all ur plans.我們決心完成我們所有的計劃。
carry n　繼續(xù)；堅持carry n with sth/ding sth 繼續(xù)做某事carry ut 實行；執(zhí)行；進行；履行(諾言、義務(wù)等) ②Why nt study at medical cllege like Lin Qiazhi and carry n her gd wrk?為什么不像林巧稚一樣在醫(yī)學院學習并繼續(xù)她的美好事業(yè)呢？[詞塊積累]carry her thrugh safely 她安然渡過了難關(guān)carry n with her wrk 繼續(xù)做她的工作 即學即練：介副詞填空①Make sure the firm is cmpetent t carry _____ the wrk.②Can the human race carry ____ expanding and grwing the same way that it is nw?
3. At age 18, instead f fllwing the traditinal path f marriage like the majrity f girls, she chse t study medicine.句子分析：at age 18 = at the age f 18或at 18instead f 后的fllwing是介詞賓語。chse t d ... 意為“選擇做什么”。
majrity n.大部分；大多數(shù)；大半　 majr adj.較大的；較多的；主要的 vi.主修 n.主修課　minrity n.少數(shù)　minr adj.小的，不重要的，不嚴重的 vi.副修
體會majrity的用法和意義①It is by n means accident that wmen are in the majrity in the nursing and teaching prfessins.女性在護理和教育行業(yè)中占________，這絕非偶然。②The majrity f peple interviewed prefer TV t radi.________ 接受采訪的人都喜歡看電視多于聽收音機。 要點小結(jié)：③the majrity ____ ... 大多數(shù)的……④be ____ a/the majrity 占多數(shù)；過半數(shù) 即學即練：單句語法填空①The majrity f men _______ (has) hair n their chest.②Surveys indicate that supprters f the treaty are still ___ the majrity. 溫馨提示：“the majrity f＋可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)”作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；“the majrity f＋不可數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。
4. cmplain vi & vt [不用于被動語態(tài)] 抱怨：① cmplain (t sb) abut / f sth:If yu have t _______________ smething, find the humr in it and have a laugh.② cmplain (t sb) + (that) 從句：If yu can’t get any satisfactin, ____________ the park wner. cmplaint n.抱怨But there are few places where clients have mre reasns fr cmplaint than America.
cmplain abut
respnd vt.回答；回復 vi.做出反應；回應　 respnse n.反應；回復；回答；響應體會黑體部分的用法和意義①In cntrast, they might nly respnded t a girl’s cmments with a nd.＝In cntrast, they might nly made a respnse t a girl’s cmments with a nd.她收到我的信，給我回了個電話。 ②These cmments came in respnse t special questins ften asked by lcal reprters.這些評論是對當?shù)赜浾呓?jīng)常提出的特殊問題的回應。
5. ... thinking f the high tuitin fees. She respnded, ...
要點小結(jié)：③________________　回應……；對……做出反應④_____ respnse t 響應；反應(通常作狀語)⑤make (n) respnse ____ 對……(不)做出反應/回答 [詞塊積累]respnd by a nd點頭答應respnd with a smile 以微笑表示回答respnd t her questins 回答她的問題 即學即練：介詞填空①The wrld cmmunity has been slw t respnd _____ the crisis.②The prduct was develped in respnse ___ custmer demand.
respnd t...
6. wuld rather d sth.寧愿做某事(教材P16)She respnded, “I’d rather stay single t study all my life!” 她回答說: “我寧愿為終生學習而保持單身！”
句式分析：句中wuld rather(nt) d sth.意為“寧愿(不)做某事”。[例1]　They wuld rather wrk than live n welfare.他們寧愿工作也不愿靠社會保障金生活。
wuld rather d sth. than d sth.wuld d sth. rather than d sth.prefer ding sth. t ding sth.prefer t d sth. rather than d sth.)
寧愿做某事(而)不愿做某事
Cmpare and find:? I wuld rather walk than ride. ? I wuld rather he came tmrrw.? I wuld rather yu didn’t g ut alne.? He wuld rather I had passed the exam.
2) A wuld rather B did sth A寧愿讓B做某事3) A wuld rather B had dne sth A寧愿B做過某事（用過去完成表示過去發(fā)生的事情）
[即學即練](1)一句多譯簡是一個文靜的女孩，她寧愿待在圖書館也不愿去看電影。 ①Jane is a quiet girl, wh _____________________ the baby than learn abut child care.②Jane is a quiet girl, wh __________________ the baby than learn abut child care.③Jane is a quiet girl, wh __________________ the baby t learning abut child care.(2)單句語法填空①She wuld rather yu _________ (accept) her aplgy tday.②I wuld rather yu _________ (tell) me the truth yesterday.
[提示]①使用wuld 句型時要注意平行結(jié)構(gòu)，即than的前后要用兩個同類的詞或詞組，如兩個名詞、兩個介詞短語等。②wuld rather后跟that從句要用虛擬語氣。
wuld rather lk after
prefers lking after
prefers t lk after
6. She immediately became the first wman ever t be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department f the PUMC Hspital. (Para. 3)hire vt.聘任；雇用；租用 n.租借；租用體會hire的用法和意義①The cstumes are fr/n hire frm the lcal theatre.這些戲裝可向本地劇院______ 。②We can hire bikes fr a day t explre the city.我們可以租用自行車一天來游覽這個城市。 即學即練：介詞填空①There are bats ________ hire n the lake.②Yur emplyer has the right t hire a temprary _________ (replace) yu. 要點小結(jié)：③_______ hire 供出租；出租④hire sb ______ ... 雇用某人做某事
7. She immediately became the first wman ever t be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department f the PUMC Hspital. (Para. 3)In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese wman ever t be appinted directr f the OB-GYN department f the PUMC Hspital. (Para. 4)
英語中表示第幾個做某事的人時，只能用t d作后置定語即：主語 + 謂語 + the first / secnd / last + t d sth.
1. 如果你對收集硬幣感興趣，首先要做的就是找到一枚稀有的硬幣 。If yu are interested in cin cllecting, the first thing _____ is t find a rare cin.2. 劉洋是中國第一個進入太空的女宇航員。 Liu Yang is the first Chinese wman astrnaut ___________ int space. 3. 他總是第一個到達教室，又是經(jīng)常受老師表揚的人。He is always _______________ and the ne ften ____________________.4. 最后一個到達終點線的人也會被授予獎?wù)?，以示鼓勵。______________________ the finishing line will als be awarded the prize t encurage him.
the first t arrive
praised by the teacher
The last persn t reach
8. Within six mnths, she was named a chief resident physician, a psitin that usually tk fur years t achieve. (Para. 3)
畫線部分的作用：在句中作同位語，后面that引導的定語從句修飾同位語psitin.
1. Meeting my uncle after many years was an unfrgettable mment, _____ I will always treasure (我會珍惜的一刻). 2. I will never frget the smile n her face, the kind ____ shws lve, kindness and genersity in her. 3. She gave me a dertimined lk — the lk that suggested ___________________________ (她不會改變主意的).
she wuldn’t change her mind
9. appint vt.任命；委派；指定；約定；確定　 appintment n.任命；約會；約定①Cnsidering yur extensive experience, we are glad t appint yu as ur agent.考慮到你的豐富經(jīng)驗，我們很高興________你為我們的代理。②We must appint a skilled technician t finish the tugh task.我們得指定一個有技術(shù)的人去完成這項艱難的任務(wù)。 要點小結(jié)：③appint sb ____________/t be...　任命某人(某職)④appint sb ____________ sth 委派某人做某事 即學即練：單句語法填空①The man has been appinted _______ (be) sales manager f the department.②May I make an _____________ (appint) with my dctr nw?
10. At times she was even seen riding a dnkey t faraway villages t prvide medical care. (Para. 4)
畫線部分的作用：現(xiàn)在分詞作主語補足語課文中另外幾處~ing分詞：Thinking f all the peple still in need f help, Dr Lin pened a private clinic. (Para. 4) Her brther cmplained, thinking f the high tuitin fees. (Para. 2)
1. ________ the cat, the muse ran ff. (see) 2. Nt _________ what t ck, the girl had t wait fr her mther t return. (knw)3. The children ran ut n the playgrund, ________ by their grandmthers. (fllw) 4. _______ by the yung man’s heric deed, I culdn’t hld back my tears. (mve) 5. When _______ help, ne ften says “Thank yu”r “It’s kind f yu.” (ffer) 6. Thugh ________ mney, his parents managed t send him t the university. (lack) 7. _______ a white unifrm, he lks mre like a ck than a dctr. (dress)
作狀語時用現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別在哪里？
? 作狀語時用現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，要看它們與句子的主語之間的關(guān)系。如果主語與分詞是主動關(guān)系，應當用現(xiàn)在分詞，如果主語與分詞是被動關(guān)系，則要用過去分詞。? 分詞或分詞短語作狀語時，如果表示時間原因或條件，往往要放在句首。這時的分詞和分詞短語，也可以用相應的狀語從句來表示。如果表示伴隨情況或補充說明，一般放在句末，沒有相應的狀語從句。
11. The new Peple’s Republic f China saw Dr Lin Qiazhi playing a key rle. (Para. 5)
see 在此表示“目睹；經(jīng)歷；見證”在英語中，表示地點，時間的無生命的名詞作主語，常用see, find, witness等作謂語動詞，采用擬人的修辭手法，增加了句子表達的形象性和生動性。
1. This year has seen a big increase in rad accidents. 今年道路交通事故大增。2. Last night fund a heavy traffic in the influencer street. 昨天晚上這條網(wǎng)紅街交通擁堵。3. The dusk fund a little by crying n a street. 在黃昏時候，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個小男孩兒在街頭哭泣。4. 1949年十月一日中華人民共和國成立了。(see) Oct. 1st, 1949 saw the funding f the Peple’s Republic f China.5. 在過去的十年內(nèi)，我生活的城市發(fā)生了巨大的變化 。 (witness) The city where I lived has witnessed great changes during the past 10 years.
12. She was mre interested in tending patients, publishing medical research n care fr wmen and children, and training the next generatin f dctrs. tend vt.照顧；照料；護理 vi.傾向；趨于　 tendency n.傾向；偏好體會tend的用法和意義①When we are under stress ur bdies tend t tense up. 當我們處在壓力之下時，我們的身體往往會繃緊。②The srt f music I listen t varies, but I tend t/twards ur flk music. 我所聽的音樂形形色色，但是我更傾向于我們的民族音樂。③A team f medical wrkers were sent t tend (t) the survivrs f the earthquake. 一組醫(yī)護人員被派去______地震中的幸存者。
要點小結(jié)：④tend _______ sth.　常常會做某事；傾向于做某事⑤tend ___________ sth. 趨向……；傾向……⑥tend (____) sb/sth(＝lk after sb/sth) 照顧……；護理…… [詞塊積累]tend a custmer 招待顧客 tend a grcery 管理一所雜貨鋪tend twards the wrld 走向世界 tend t put n weight 往往會發(fā)福 即學即練：單句語法填空①Once yu lse yur patience, things tend ______ (g) badly.②Mst physicists tend ___________ the secnd pinin.
13. Thugh Lin Qiazhi never married, she was knwn as the “mther f ten thusand babies”, having delivered ver 50,000 babies in her lifetime. (Para. 6)
畫線部分在句中作原因狀語，因為分詞的動作發(fā)生在句子謂語動作的動詞之前，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時態(tài)。
1. 意識到他們落后了后，湯姆和哈里開始加快了速度。_______________ that they had lagged behind, Tm and Harry started t quicken their pace. (realise)2. 因為沒有完成這個項目，他們不得不在那里再待兩周。____________________ the prgramme, they have t stay there fr anther tw weeks. (nt, cmplete) 3. 排了半小時隊之后，那個老人終于買到票了。______________ fr half an hur, the ld mam finally bught the ticket. (wait) 4. 完成設(shè)計后，那個男孩兒把它送到了我的辦公室。__________________________, the by sent it t my ffice. (cmplete)
Having realised
Nt having cmpleted
Having waited
Having cmpleted the design
14. Dr Lin did nt retire until the day she died, 22 April 1983. (Para. 6) ? I didn’t g t bed upstairs until the clck struck 12.? Experts say jb lsses might slw later this year, but the umplyment rate culd rise until the middle f next year.
總結(jié)：until表示直到……為止，主句的謂語動詞為延續(xù)性動詞，主句為肯定句；nt … until表示直到……才，主句的謂語動詞為短暫性動詞，主句為否定句。
1. 我直到爸爸走開之后才說話。 I _______________________ Dad was ut f the way. 2. 如果很多人都說一部電影不好，我不會去看，或者我會一直等到DVD版出來才看。(2011 上海改） If a lt f peple say a film is nt gd, I wn’t bther t see it, r I will _____________________ n DVD.3. 湯姆一直等到他父親午夜時分回來。 Tm waited fr his father’s return until midnight.4. 湯姆直到他父親午夜時分回來才睡覺。 Tm didn’t g t bed until his father returned at midnight.5. 那個男孩一直哭到得到那個玩具槍為止。 The by cried and cried until he gt the ty gun. 6. 那個男孩直到得到那只玩具槍才離開商店。 The by didn’t leave the shp until he gt the ty gun.
didn’t say anything until
wait until it cmes ut
15. elect vt.選舉；推選；選擇　 electin n.選舉；推選；當選體會elect的用法和意義①Increasing numbers f peple elected t t wrk frm hme nwadays.現(xiàn)在越來越多的人選擇在家上班。②This is an electin year in the United States when the peple elect a new president.今年是美國人民______新總統(tǒng)的選舉年。 要點小結(jié)：③elect _______ sth. 決定/選擇干某事④elect sb (t be/____)... 選某人為…… 即學即練：單句語法填空①Within three mnths f his _________ (elect) he was frced t resign.②Yu can elect ________ (shw) r hide the summary when the stry is displayed in full.
16. replace vt.接替；取代；更換(教材P17)The student unin will hld a special meeting in January t elect smene t replace the secretary.學生會將在一月召開一個特別會議，來選舉一個人接替這位秘書。 [例1]　Jhn is ill and I want t knw wh is ging t take the place f(＝replace) him.約翰病了，我想知道誰將代替他。
[知識拓展](1)replace A with/by B 用B取代A replace 取代某人成為…… (2)take the place f sb.＝take sb.’s place 代替某人 in place f 代替 in place 在適當?shù)奈恢?，恰當?shù)?

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高中英語人教版 (2019)必修 第三冊電子課本

Unit 2 Morals and Virtues

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