
詞句精講精練
詞匯精講
1. upset
(1) upset可作形容詞,意為“難過的;失望的;沮喪的”。例如:
Dn’t get s upset. 別那么沮喪。
After she died I felt very, very upset. 她去世之后,我非常非常難過。
(2) upset還可作動詞,意為“使心煩意亂,使生氣”。例如:
She warned me nt t say anything t upset him. 她警告我不要說任何讓他不高興的話。
Dn’t upset yurself, Ida. 別自尋煩惱了,艾達。
(3) be upset with sb. 意為“生某人的氣”。例如:
She is still upset with me. 她還在生我的氣。
2. advice
advice是不可數(shù)名詞,意為“意見、建議、勸告、忠告”,不能與不定冠詞a 連用。例如:
a piece f advice一條建議
Let me give yu sme advice. 讓我給你一些建議。
【拓展】
(1) give sb. advice (n) 給……提(有關(guān)……)的建議。例如:
Can yu give me sme advice n hw t learn English well?
你能給我一些關(guān)于如何學(xué)好英語的建議嗎?
(2) take ne’s advice 聽從某人的建議 例如:
I’ll take yur advice, and d exercise every day. 我會聽從你的建議,每天鍛煉身體。
(3) advise是advice的動詞形式,意為“建議”,常用于advise sb. t d sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如:
He advised me t read English every mrning. 他建議我每天早晨讀英語。
3. unless
連詞unless意為“除非……;如果不……”, 用來引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,引導(dǎo)條件句時,主要用于下列情況:
(1)主句為肯定句。例如:
Unless I visit every bkstre in twn, I shall nt knw whether I can get what I want.
如果我不到城里每一家書店去看看,我就不知道是否能買到我想要的書。
Yu will miss the bus unless yu hurry up.你要不快點就會錯過班車。
Yu’ll fail in chemistry again unless yu wrk harder.如果你不再加把勁,你化學(xué)考試還會不及格。
(2)主句為否定句。例如:
I wuldn’t be saying this unless I were sure f the facts.要是我對這些事情沒有把握,我就不說這話了。
Yu will never get anywhere unless yu have set yur gal.如果你不設(shè)定目標(biāo),你哪兒也去不了。
4. angry
angry是形容詞,意為“發(fā)怒的;生氣的”。例如:
My best friend is angry with me. 我最好的朋友在生我的氣。
He gt angry at her answer.他對她的答復(fù)很生氣。
【拓展】
be / get angry with sb. 生某人的氣 例如:
I am angry with him because he brke the glass. 因為他打碎了玻璃杯,所以我生他的氣。
be / get angry at / abut sth. 因某事而生氣 例如:
She gt very angry abut his laughing at her. 因為他嘲笑她,她很生氣。
5. careful
careful是形容詞,意為“小心的;細致的;精心的;慎重的”。例如:
Be careful! There is a truck cming.小心!有輛卡車過來了。
Be careful f the traffic. 注意交通安全。
Yu shuld be careful with yur mney. 你花錢要精打細算。
【拓展】
carefully adv. 小心地;謹(jǐn)慎地
careless adj. 馬虎的;粗心的
6. slve
slve 作及物動詞,意為“解決;闡明;解答(數(shù)學(xué)題)”。例如:
With the help f his friends, he finally slved the prblem. 在朋友們的幫助下,他終于解決了問題。
She tried t slve a crsswrd puzzle. 她試著解答一道縱橫字謎。
What’s yur prblem? Can yu slve it by yurself? 你的問題(困難)是什么?你能自己解決嗎?
7. experience
(1) 作可數(shù)名詞,意為“經(jīng)歷,閱歷”,常用于詞組have / be an experience有/是一次經(jīng)歷。例如:
He had many interesting experiences while traveling in Nrth America.
他在北美旅行時有許多有趣的經(jīng)歷。
(2) 作不可數(shù)名詞,意為“經(jīng)驗,體驗”,對應(yīng)的形容詞為experienced有經(jīng)驗的。例如:
She is a teacher with rich experience f teaching. 她是一位教學(xué)經(jīng)驗豐富的老師。
Yang Liwei is an experienced pilt. 楊利偉是一位有經(jīng)驗的飛行員。
(3) 作動詞,意為“經(jīng)歷,感受”。例如:
The child had never experienced kindness. 這孩子從未受過善待。
He experienced great hardships fr the first time in his life. 他有生以來第一次體驗到巨大的艱苦。
8. else
else作形容詞,意為“別的,其他的”,常用于不定代詞后面。
(1)常用在much, little, all(=everything)等詞后面。
Nt much else is knwn. 其他的不很清楚。
There was little else he culd d. 他再沒有別的什么可做了。
We dn’t knw much else abut his life. 對他生平別的方面我們知道很少。
(2) 常用在 -ne, -bdy, -thing, -place, -where 結(jié)尾的不定代詞后面。
Have yu anything else t d? 你還有別的什么事要做嗎?
Ask smebdy else t help yu. 請別人幫幫你吧。
Yu can’t get it anywhere else. 你在任何別的地方都找不到它。
He has nthing else t d tday. 我今天沒有別的事要干。
(3) 常用在wh, what, where, hw, why 等疑問詞后面。
Wh else was at the party? 晚會上還有誰?
Where else did yu g? 你還去過什么別的地方?
But what else can we d? 我們還能做什么?
9. in the end
in the end意為“最后,終于”,相當(dāng)于at last,finally。例如:
We wn in the end.最后,我們?nèi)〉昧藙倮?br/>
【拓展】
(1) by the end f到……為止,在……以前,常與過去完成時連用。例如:
He had finished the wrk by the end f last mnth.上個月底前他就已經(jīng)完成了那項工作。
(2) at the end f在……末尾,在……盡頭,后既可以接表示時間的名詞,也可以接表示地點的名詞。
The hspital is at the end f the rad.醫(yī)院就在路的盡頭。例如:
He will cme t see yu at the end f this mnth.這個月底他要來看你。
10. mistake
mistake是名詞,意為“錯誤;失誤”。例如:
His hmewrk is always full f mistakes. 他的作業(yè)總是錯誤百出。
【拓展】
make a mistake犯錯誤
by mistake錯誤地(不是故意做某事) 例如:
It’s easy t make a mistake. 犯錯誤很容易。
I tk yur bag by mistake. 我錯拿了你的包。
詞匯精練
I. 英漢互譯。
1. 保守秘密_____________________ 2. 最后,終于_____________________
3. 犯錯誤_____________________ 4. …_____________________
5. 建議某人做某事_____________________ 6. be angry with sb. _____________________
II. 根據(jù)句意和首字母或漢語提示完成單詞。
1. On Mnday afternn, we always have a class m____________.
2. The children like eating ptat c____________ and hamburger a lt.
3. The c____________ is t sweet. Eating it t much is bad fr yu.
4. When he heard the bad news, he felt very u____________.
5. — Can yu give us sme a____________ n hw t learn English well?
— OK, I’d lve t.
6. I want t t____________ arund the wrld ne day.
7. Mr. King is an ____________(專家), yu can ask him fr help.
8. ____________(青少年) shuldn’t run away frm their prblems.
9. I have a new ____________(錢包). It’s black and red.
10. Our English teacher is always ____________(善解人意的).
III. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. Let’s ____________(ride) ur bikes t the cuntryside this weekend.
2. We ____________(nt have) ur sprts meeting if the weather ____________( nt be) fine.
3. Half the students in my class ____________(be) interested in watching cartns.
4. Fr many peple, ____________(becme) a pp singer is a dream.
5. I didn’t find my bike ____________(smewhere) yesterday.
6. I think they will have a gd time ____________(skate) in the muntains this winter.
7. The pr man made a living by ____________(grw) vegetables.
8.Jhn ften spends sme time ____________(play) sccer with his friends n weekends.
9. Dn’t let them ____________(shut) that lud, Peter.
10. If they finish ____________(write) their cmpsitins, they will leave fr hme sn.
參考答案
I. 英漢互譯。
1. keep…t neself 2. in the end/at last 3. make mistakes/a mistake 4. 太……以至于不能……
5. advise sb. t d sth. 6. 生某人的氣
II. 根據(jù)句意和首字母或漢語提示完成單詞。
1. meeting 2. chips 3. chclate 4. upset 5. advice 6. travel 7. expert
8. Teenagers 9. wallet 10. understanding
III. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. ride 2. wn’t have; isn’t 3. are 4. becming 5. anywhere
6. skating 7. grwing 8. playing 9. shut 10. writing
句式精講
1. If yu g t the party, yu’ll have a great time.
(1) 本句是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句,主句用一般將來時,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。例如:
If yu fail in the exam, yu will let him dwn.
如果你考試不及格,你會讓他失望的。
(2) 在 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中,if 條件句位置靈活,可直接放在主句后面,若 if 條件句放句首, 從句后面要加逗號,和主句隔開。
If yu ask him,he will help yu. = He will help yu if yu ask him. 如果你請他幫忙,他會幫你的。
口訣:
if 條件句不一般,幾個要點記心間;
條件句,放在前,逗號要放句中間。
條件句表可能,主句多用將來時。
2. …because they’ll be t lazy t ck.
t…t…意為“太……而不能”。它在結(jié)構(gòu)形式上是肯定的,但意義上卻表示否定含義,所以動詞不定式符號t前不能再加nt,只接動詞原形即可,t后接形容詞或副詞原形。例如:
The bk is t difficult t understand. 這本書難于理解。
【拓展】
(1) 在t…t…句型中,當(dāng)動詞不定式的動詞是不及物動詞,其后所跟的介詞不能省略。例如:
The rm is t small t live in. 這房間太小了不能住。
(2) 在t…t…句型中,當(dāng)動詞不定式的賓語實際上就是這個句子的主語時,動詞不定式后面不能再加代詞作賓語。例如:
The questin is t difficult t answer. 這個問題太難了,無法回答。
(3) 在t…t…句型中,當(dāng)動詞不定式能確切說明動作執(zhí)行者時,可以在動詞不定式前面加上邏輯主語,即fr sb.形式。例如:
The bx is t heavy fr him t carry. 箱子太沉了,他搬不動。
(4) 含t…t…的句子可以改寫成s…that…句型,意為“如此……以至于……”。例如:
He is t ld t d hard wrk. =
He is s ld that he can’t d hard wrk. 他年紀(jì)太大而不能干重活。
(5) 含t…t…的句子也可以用“nt + 形容詞/副詞 + enugh t d sth.”句型來替換,但注意要用原句中形容詞或副詞的反義詞。例如:
He is t ld t d hard wrk. =
He is nt yung enugh t d hard wrk. 他年紀(jì)大了,不能做重活。
3. Smetimes they have prblems with their schl wrk…
have prblems with sth. 意為“在某方面有困難/有問題”。例如:
He has sme prblems with his ears. 他的耳朵有些問題。
【拓展】
have prblem ding sth. = have prblem (in) ding sth.意為“做某事遇到困難或麻煩”,也可用have truble/difficulty (in) ding sth.或with sth. 例如:
They had prblems in getting here. 他們到達這里遇到很多困難。
4. I think talking t smene helps a lt.
talking t smene是動名詞短語,在句子中作從句的主語。動名詞是動詞的一種形式,具有名詞特點,在句子中可以充當(dāng)主語、表語或賓語。
(1) 作主語,動名詞作主語,謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。 例如:
Walking n the mn is nt s easy. 在月球上行走是不容易的。
Flying makes me nervus. 飛行使我很緊張。
(2) 作賓語,有些動詞可以用動名詞作賓語。例如:
Wuld yu mind turning dwn yur radi a little, please?
你介意把收音機音量調(diào)小一點嗎?
The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.
這松鼠幸運得很,剛逃避了被逮住的厄運。
(3) 作表語,動名詞作表語,對主語進行說明、解釋。例如:
Her jb is washing, cleaning and taking care f the children.
她的工作是洗刷、清掃和照顧孩子。
5. She was afraid t tell her parents abut it.
(1) be afraid表示“害怕做某事”或“不敢做某事”,be afraid 之后可接不定式,也可接名詞、代詞或f ding sth。例如:
She was afraid t tell yu. 她害怕告訴你。
She is afraid f ging ut alne late at night. 她很怕深夜獨自外出。
I’m afraid f the dg. 我怕狗。
(2) 但若要表示擔(dān)心可能會發(fā)生某事,則只能用 be afraid f ding而不能用 be afraid t d。
例如:
I’m afraid f being late fr class. 我擔(dān)心上課遲到。
(3) be afraid后可接that從句。例如:
He is afraid that his father will be unhappy.
他擔(dān)心他的爸爸會不高興。
句式精練
I. 根據(jù)漢語提示,完成英語句子(每空一詞)。
1. 最后他們到達了山頂。
___________ ___________ ___________, they gt t the tp f the muntain.
2. 如果你有難題的話,不應(yīng)該憋在心里。
If yu have prblems, yu shuldn’t ___________ them ___________ ___________.
3. 共享一個問題就像是把它切成兩半。
___________ a prblem is like ___________ it ___________ ___________.
4. 肖東很粗心,經(jīng)常犯錯誤。
Xia Dng is very careless, and he ften ___________ ___________.
5. 注意別吵醒了寶寶。
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ wake the baby.
6. 如果你去參加聚會,你將會玩得很開心。
If yu g t the party, yu ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________.
7. 我認為他不擅長英語。
I ___________ ___________ he ___________ gd at English.
8. 如果我們今天舉行聚會,一半的同學(xué)將不會來。
If we have the party tday, ___________ ___________ ___________ wn’t cme.
9. 咱們從飯店里訂購食物吧。
Let’s ___________ fd ___________ a ___________.
10. 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)要求人們帶食物來嗎?
___________ we ask peple ___________ ___________ fd?
II. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換,每空一詞。
1. Get up early, r yu’ll be late fr schl. (改為同義句)
___________ yu ___________ get up early, yu’ll be late fr schl.
2. I’ll g t the city centre by subway. (改為同義句)
I’ll ___________ ___________ ___________ t the city center.
3. Wrk hard, and yu will catch up with thers. (改為同義句)
___________ yu ___________ hard, yu will catch up with thers.
4. If yu cme t the party, yu will have great fun. (改為同義句)
If yu cme t the party, yu’ll have ___________ ___________ ___________.
5. Yu can’t run at the party. (改為祈使句)
___________ ___________ at the party.
6. I will visit yu. I will be free tmrrw. (用if改為復(fù)合句)
If I ___________ ___________ tmrrw, I ___________ ___________ yu.
7. If I am famus, I will travel all ver the wrld. (對劃線部分提問)
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ if yu are famus.
III. 從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)木渥友a全對話。
W: Hi, Mark. I want t have a class party. 1
M: Sure, Andrea. I can help yu. S when shall we have the party?
W: 2
M: N, tday is t early. If we have it tday, half the class wn’t cme.
W: Okay. Let’s have it tmrrw.
M: Hmm… 3 Students will leave early t study fr the test. Let’s have it n the weekend.
W: Okay. Let’s have it n Saturday afternn. We can all meet and watch a vide.
M: N, 4 Sme students will be bred. Let’s play party games.
W: Okay, gd idea. Can yu rganize the party games?
M: Sure. I can d that. 5
W: Yes. That’s n prblem.
1. ___________ 2. ___________ 3. ___________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________
參考答案
I. 根據(jù)漢語提示,完成英語句子(每空一詞)。
1. In the end 2. keep; t yurself 3. Sharing; cutting; in half 4. makes mistakes
5. Be careful nt t 6. will have a gd time 7. dn’t think; is 8. half the class
9. rder; frm; restaurant 10. Shuld; t bring
II. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換,每空一詞。
1. If; dn’t 2. take the subway 3. If; wrk 4. a gd time 5. Dn’t run 6. am free; will visit
7. What will yu d
III. 從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)木渥友a全對話。
1-5 CFDGB
A. Yu will have a gd time.
B. And can yu make sme fd fr us?
C. Will yu help me rganize it?
D. There’s a test tmrrw.
E. I’m ging t take a bus t the party.
F. Let’s have it tday after class.
G. I dn’t think we shuld watch a vide.
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