Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years. 重要知識點清單 Unit 10 單元 主題 語言 能力 能通過聽力獲取庭院出售、舊物整理和介紹家鄉(xiāng)關鍵信息; 能分析和梳理舊物與家鄉(xiāng)的話題語篇，運用所學語言與他人進行日常交流; 能在書面表達中能選用不同句式結(jié)構(gòu)和時態(tài)描述和介紹身邊的人、事物或事件，表達情感、態(tài)度、觀點和意圖等。 “ 人與社會”主題范疇中 “社會服務與人際溝通”主題群 ---志愿服務與公共服務； 家鄉(xiāng)和社會的變遷 文化 意識 能夠珍惜美好生活，將環(huán)保理念內(nèi)化于心，外化于行； 能初步理解人類命運共同體和全人類共同價值的概念。 思維 品質(zhì) 能歸納總結(jié)話題語篇的主要內(nèi)容、思想和作者的觀點，能推斷人物的心理，行為動機等; 能從不同角度解讀語篇，做出正確的價值判斷。 學習 能力 能通過談論擁有的物品和周圍的事物，正確使用現(xiàn)在完成時詢問并表達持續(xù)性動作或狀態(tài)； 能學習過程中積極思考，主動探究，使用多種策略解決語言學習中的問題，積極進行拓展性運用。 知識 清單 必記詞匯/目標短語/核心句式 重點語法：含since、for的現(xiàn)在完成時。 話題寫作：最喜歡的舊物/家鄉(xiāng)的變化 基礎知識清單 （北京）股份有限公司 【精講01 詞匯】 ???1.sale sale用作名詞，意為“出售，銷售”，常與介詞on或for連用， 常用短語：on sale“減價出售”；for sale“待 售，供出售”，尤指從主人手里出售。 Chickens are on sale in the market. 小雞在市場上出售。 I’m sorry; it’s not for sale.抱歉，它不是賣的。 一Do you have Jay's CDs?——你有周杰倫的光盤嗎？ 一Sorry, They are sold out，but I will get some more next week because they sell well. ——抱歉，它們都賣出去了，但下周我會在購進一些，因為它們銷售的很好。 ???2. anymore any more =副詞anymore 常用于否定句的末尾，“再也（不）；（不）再” not … anymore = not … any longer =no more。 We don’t live here any more. = We don’t live here any longer. We no more live here. 3.own v “擁有;有” Who owns this house?誰擁有這幢房子? ???4. certain ???5.while while n. 一段時間，一會兒, while還可用作連詞，引導時間狀語從句，意為“當……的時候”， while引導的時間狀語從句中的動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞。 Let’s sit in the shade for a while. He kept in touch with us while he was on vacation. ???6.around ???7.Among 在……（三者以上）中之一。 I live among the mountains. ???8.shame shame不可數(shù)名詞，意為“羞恥；羞愧；慚愧” 。 用法： to one’s shame “令人感到羞愧的是” It’s a shame to do sth. It’s a shame that +從句 It’s a shame (that) you can’t stay for dinner. It's a shame to waste all this food. ???9.regard regard及物動詞，意為“將···認為；把···視為”。 regard…as…意為“將···視為···；把···當做···” ，其后接名詞或代詞。 regard with... 以……的態(tài)度看待某人。 I regard you as my best friend. He regards me with favor. ???7.consider 動詞。 ???8. especially especially 副詞, 意為“尤其; 特別; 格外”, 在句中作狀語, 其后可接名詞、介詞短語或從句等, 用于列舉某個特例或某事物的特殊性。 Flowers are always welcomed, especially in winter. Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep. ???9.opposite 【精講02 短語】 ???1.How long how long在此意為“多久；多長時間”，用來詢問時間的長短。 答語常用for或since引導的時間狀語從句。 在how long引導的問句中，謂語動詞用延續(xù)性動詞。 【易混辨析】 ???2. no longer no longer 不再；不復； 相當于 not...any longer. 它一般修飾延續(xù)性動詞，表示某個動作或狀態(tài)不再延續(xù)下去。 no longer 位于助動詞、be 動詞之后，實意動詞之前。 He no longer lives here. He doesn’t live here any longer. ???3.part with part with意為“割舍;交出(尤指不舍得的東西)”,是“動詞+介詞”構(gòu)成的短語,其后可接名詞或代詞作賓語。 part在此句中作動詞,意為“離開;分開”。 It is not easy to part with my favorite things. The clouds parted and the sun came out. ???4.As for as for意為“至于;關于”,其后接名詞、代詞或動詞-ing形式, 可置于句首或句中。 And as for us, we are fortunate. ???5.Even though even though = even if 即使；雖然，引導讓步狀語從句 I’ll get there, even though I have to walk. I like her, even though she can be lazy at times. ???6.be full of be full of = be filled with 充滿；裝滿 The kitchen was full of smoke. Life’s full of surprises, isn’t it? Her?eyes are filled with tears. The air was filled with the sound of children’s laughter. ???7. as long as as … as … 意為“和……一樣”，表示同級的比較。其基本用法為：“as + adj. / adv. + as …”。 ???8. at least at least 至少；不少于；起碼 at (the) most 至多；不超過 Cut the grass at least once a week in summer. He only worked here for a month or two?at the most. ???9. millions of million, 百萬，使用時前面如果有基數(shù)詞修飾時不能加“ s”, 只有與of 連用時才可以加。 millions of意為“數(shù)百萬的, 許許多多的”，后接名詞復數(shù)。 There are two million people in this city. There are millions of things living on the earth. ??10. search for search for意為“搜尋，找尋”。=look for 此時search為不及物動詞。 He is searching for his sunglasses. 【精講03 句子】 ???1. We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use. decide (2)each each在此意為“各自;每個人”,在句中作同位語。 They each went there yesterday. We each received a special gift from our teacher. 【精講04 語法】含since、for的現(xiàn)在完成時 ???1.since和for 是現(xiàn)在完成時當中常見的標志詞。 since“自從……”, since用來說明動作的開始時間， for“持續(xù)了……”, for用來說明動作延續(xù)的時間長度。 ???2.延續(xù)性動詞和短暫性動詞 ???3.注意 【精講05 寫作】 ???1.話題分析 本單元主要圍繞“生活環(huán)境"這一話題，常有兩個考查角度： 1）.談論私人物品的來歷、持有的時間及喜歡的原因等; 體裁以記敘文為主，多使用第一人稱， 能用現(xiàn)在完成時介紹某人擁有的物品，并分享其背后的特殊意義。能用現(xiàn)在完成時“have done”的結(jié)構(gòu)來介紹某人擁有的物品；能在現(xiàn)在完成時中準確區(qū)分和使用since和for “三步法”介紹最喜歡的物品的文章： ◆第一步：基本介紹（what /who/ how long）； ◆第二步：談論喜歡的原因(Why)； ◆第三步：寫出有關美好的記憶。 2）.談論家鄉(xiāng)近年來的發(fā)展和變化。 時態(tài)以現(xiàn)在完成時和一般現(xiàn)在時為主。 “三步法”介紹某地變化的文章： ◆第一步：整體介紹； ◆第二步：寫出變化； ◆第三步：總結(jié)。 ???2.寫作提綱 (1) (2) ???3.典例分析 1.你孩童時代最喜歡并且保留的東西是什么呢？請你根據(jù)下面的圖表信息寫一篇英語短文，介紹一下吧。 提示： 1. 短文應包括圖表中的全部信息，要求條理清楚、行文連貫； 2. 詞數(shù)不少于70。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: My favorite thing from childhood is my teddy bear. I have had it since I was five years old. My grandmother gave it to me on my birthday. I like the teddy bear so much because it’s dressed in my favorite color. It’s special to me because my grandmother made it for me. I think I will keep it forever to remind me of my grandmother. The teddy bear has given me many good memories. I remember when I was young, I was afraid of the dark, so I held my teddy bear to feel safe. 【詳解】[總體分析] ①題材：本文是一篇說明文，屬于材料作文寫作； ②時態(tài)：時態(tài)為“一般過去時”和“一般現(xiàn)在時”； ③提示：文章要點已經(jīng)給出，按照提示的要點逐點闡述，可以適當增加細節(jié)，并突出寫作重點。 [寫作步驟] 第一步，開篇點題，介紹最喜歡的物品是什么； 第二步，先說明你是如何得到這個物品的以及你喜歡它的原因，可列舉具體的事例； 第三步，抒發(fā)這個物品給你帶來的感受并書寫結(jié)語。 [亮點詞匯] ①be dressed in穿著…… ②be special to對……很特別 ③remind sb of sth提醒某人某事 [高分句型] ①I have had it since I was five years old.（since引導時間狀語從句） ②I like the teddy bear so much because it’s dressed in my favorite color.（because引導原因狀語從句） ③I remember when I was young, I was afraid of the dark, so I held my teddy bear to feel safe.（省略引導詞that引導的賓語從句，從句中含有so連接的兩個并列分句，在第一個并列分句中含有when引導的時間狀語從句） 2．你的家鄉(xiāng)在這些年里日新月異，請運用對比手法，以“Great changes in my hometown”為題，寫一篇90詞左右的短文，描繪你家鄉(xiāng)的變化。請參考表格內(nèi)容： Great changes in my hometown ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Great changes in my hometown My hometown has changed a lot over the years. In the past, there used to be old houses. The rivers were very dirty. We could hardly see the blue sky. But now there are many tall buildings in my hometown. The air is fresh, the rivers are clean and the water is clear. There is less pollution than before. When I was young, the roads were narrow and the transportation conditions were terrible. People went to work on foot or by bike. It took a lot of time. As time goes by, things have changed. The railway station and the airport have been in use for several years. People usually go to work by bus or by train. It was hard to keep in touch with others in the past. But now we can talk on the phone and chat by WeChat or QQ. I am glad to see that great changes have taken place in my hometown. I hope my hometown will be better and better in the future. 【詳解】[總體分析] ①題材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②時態(tài)：時態(tài)為“一般過去時”和“一般現(xiàn)在時”； ③提示：寫作要點已給出，考生應注意不要遺漏信息提示的內(nèi)容，適當增加細節(jié)，并突出寫作重點。 [寫作步驟] 第一步，表明寫作意圖。介紹這些年家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了很大的變化； 第二步，具體闡述寫作內(nèi)容。根據(jù)所給信息分別從環(huán)境、交通和通訊三方面對比家鄉(xiāng)現(xiàn)在和過去的不同； 第三步，書寫結(jié)語。表達對家鄉(xiāng)未來的美好暢想。 [亮點詞匯] ①used to過去常常 ②keep in touch with sb.與某人保持聯(lián)系 [高分句型] ①There is less pollution than before. （there be句型） ②When I was young, the roads were narrow and the transportation conditions were terrible.（when引導時間狀語從句） ③I am glad to see that great changes have taken place in my hometown. （賓語從句） 3.我們錦州現(xiàn)在和過去相比發(fā)生了很大變化。請根據(jù)下面思維導圖寫一篇英語作文。 要求： 1. 條理清晰，語句通順，語法正確，書寫規(guī)范。 2. 用上思維導圖所提供的信息，進行適當發(fā)揮。 3. 詞數(shù)在60—80詞。 We are happy to see Jinzhou has changed a lot in recent years. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： We are happy to see Jinzhou has changed a lot in recent years. In the past, people in Jinzhou lived in small houses that were sometimes too cold in winter and too hot in summer. They had traditional food and fewer drinks. And they traveled mainly by bike or on foot. But now, things have changed a lot! People live in tall buildings that keep them comfortable all year round. They can enjoy all kinds of food, either at home or in restaurants. And they can travel by car, train, subway, or even by plane! We are so excited to see how much Jinzhou has changed in recent years! 【詳解】①題材：這是一篇材料作文； ②時態(tài)：時態(tài)主要為“一般過去時”和“一般現(xiàn)在時”； ③提示：寫作要點已給出，注意不要遺漏信息提示，適當增加細節(jié)，并突出寫作重點。 [寫作步驟] 第一步，描述錦州人們過去的生活、食物和交通情況； 第二步，描述錦州人們現(xiàn)在的生活、食物和交通情況； 第三步，表達自己對這種變化的喜悅興奮之情。 [亮點詞匯] ①either…or…無論……還是…… ②all kinds of各種各樣的 [高分句型] ①People live in tall buildings that keep them comfortable all year round.（that引導定語從句） ②We are so excited to see how much Jinzhou has changed in recent years!（be+形容詞+to do句式） Words 1.yard n. 院子 2.memory n. 記憶；回憶 3.cent n. 分；分幣 4.sweet adj. 甜蜜的；甜的 5. toy n. 玩具 6. bear n. 熊 7.maker n. 生產(chǎn)者 8. check v. 檢查；審查 9. soft adj. 軟的；柔軟的 10. junior adj. 地位低下的 11. bedroom n. 臥室 12. certain adj. 某種；某事；某人 13. honest adj. 誠實的；老實的 14. clear v. 清理；清除 15. while n. 一段時間 16. hometown n. 家鄉(xiāng)；故鄉(xiāng) 17. search v. & n. 搜索；搜查 18. shame n. 羞恥 19.especially adv. 尤其；特別 20. regard v. 將……認為；把……視為 21. consider v. 注視；仔細考慮 22.hold v. 擁有；抓住Phrases 1. check out 察看；觀察 2. as for 至于；關于 3.to be honest 老實說，說實在的 4. no longer 不再 5.board games 棋類游戲 6. for a while 一會兒 7.have a dog 養(yǎng)狗 8.hometown feelings 故鄉(xiāng)情 9.once or twice a year 一年一兩次 10.consider/regard…as… 把……看成…… 11. part with 與……分開 12.regard with great interest 以極大的興趣關注著Sentences 1. How long have you had that bike over there?你擁有那邊那輛自行車多長時間了？ 2. I’ve had it for three years= I’ve had it since three years ago. 我已擁有它3年了/自從3年以前我就擁有它了。 3. As they get bigger our house seems to get smaller. 隨著他們的長大，我們的房子看起來變小了。 4. We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use. 我們已經(jīng)決定，每一笑交易賣5樣我們不再用的東西。 5. Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed.許多象鐘偉一樣的人都帶著極大的興趣關注著他們的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了怎樣的變化。 6. Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories. 艾米想留著她的舊東西，因為它們勾起甜美的回憶。 7. You can also give old things away to people in need. 你也可以把舊東西捐贈給急需的人們。Grammar含since、for的現(xiàn)在完成時。Your favorite thing from childhood which you still haveHow long have you had it? How did you get it? Why do you like it so much? Can you say something more about it? 環(huán)境交通通訊過去房屋老舊；河流不干凈；很少看到藍天道路狹窄；步行或騎自行車聯(lián)系困難現(xiàn)在高樓；空氣新鮮；碧水藍天；污染減少火車站、飛機場投入使用；乘公交車或火車聯(lián)系方便：電話；微信；QQ將來你對家鄉(xiāng)未來的暢想（至少一句）

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單元綜合與測試

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