一、課前基礎(chǔ)自查
(一)分類記單詞——省時(shí)高效
Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(知其意)
1．stubborn adj.　　　　　固執(zhí)的，頑固的
2．motherland n. 祖國(guó)
3．opportunity n. 機(jī)遇，時(shí)機(jī)
4．prejudice n. 偏見，成見
vt. 使懷有(或形成)偏見
5．discrimination n. 歧視，區(qū)別對(duì)待；辨別力，鑒賞力
6．liberty n. 自由
7．a(chǎn)wesome adj. 極好的；令人驚嘆的，令人敬畏的
8．personnel n. 人事部門；職員，全體人員
9．department n. 部，司，局，處，系
10．composer n. 作曲者，作曲家
11．folk adj. 民間的，民俗的
n. 人們；親屬(尤指父母)
12．kindergarten n. 幼兒園
13．sore adj. 疼痛的，酸痛的
Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞(寫其形)
1．cast vt.& vi.　　　　選派角色；投射(光、影)；
向……投以(視線、笑容)
2．condemn vt. 判刑，宣判；指責(zé)，譴責(zé)
3．dare vt.& vi.& aux. 敢于，膽敢
4．seize vt. 逮捕，捉拿；抓住，捉住；奪取，攻占
5．decline n. 衰落，衰??；減少；下降
vi.& vt. 衰落；下降；婉言謝絕
6．seek vt.& vi. 試圖，設(shè)法；尋找，尋求
7．root n. 起源，起因；根，根莖
8．demand vt. 需要；強(qiáng)烈要求
n. 要求；需求
9．scold vt. 訓(xùn)斥，責(zé)罵
10．deadline n. 最后期限，截止日期
11．broken adj. 破損的，受傷的；中止了的；
不連續(xù)的
12．trend n. 趨勢(shì)，動(dòng)向
13．scream vi. 尖叫，高聲喊；呼嘯
n. 尖叫，尖銳刺耳的聲音
Ⅲ.拓展單詞(通其變)
1．universal adj.共同的，普遍的，全體的，全世界的→universe n．宇宙
2．disturbing adj.令人不安的；引起恐慌的→disturbed adj.心理不正常的；精神失常的→disturb vt.打擾；使中斷；使焦慮
3．unwilling adj.不情愿，不愿意；勉強(qiáng)的，無(wú)奈的→willing adj.自愿的→willingness n．樂(lè)意
4．evident adj.清楚的，顯然的→evidence n．證據(jù)；證詞
5．merciful adj.仁慈的，慈悲的，寬大為懷的→mercy n．寬容，仁慈，憐憫
6．unemployment n．失業(yè)→unemployed adj.失業(yè)的→employment n．雇傭，工作，職業(yè)→employ v．雇傭→employer n．雇主→employee n．雇員
7．collection n．作品集；收藏品；一批(人或物品)；取走→collect vt.收集→collector n．收集者；收藏家
8．tendency n．傾向，偏好；趨勢(shì)，趨向→tend v．傾向；趨向
9．gradual adj.逐漸的，逐步的；平緩的，不陡的→gradually adv.逐漸地，逐步地
[語(yǔ)境活用]
1．Thanks to the good care of the nurses, the boy is gradually recovering from his lung operation.Certainly the recovery is a slow, gradual process.(gradual)
2．They were searching for evidence of his crime, and found it was evident that he had murdered the president.(evident)
3．The disturbing news made people present at the meeting disturbed.(disturb)
4．An increase in crime is one of the results of unemployment,_so the government and the employers should pay more attention to the employment.(employ)
5．The old collector likes to collect some old paintings and his house is said to build up a fine art collection.(collect)
6．There is a growing tendency for people to return to the hometown to start their business. Especially the middle-aged tend to do that.(tend)
7．There are a huge number of unknown planets in the universe,_so these puzzles are very universal. But we believe we can make them clear one day.(universe)


(二)練中記短語(yǔ)——記牢用活
寫準(zhǔn)記牢
語(yǔ)境活用(選用左欄短語(yǔ)填空)
1.be_condemned_to_sth.　　　　　被處以某種刑罰
2．a(chǎn)sk_for_sb.'s_hand_in_marriage (向女方)求婚
3．fall_in_love 相愛(ài)，墜入愛(ài)河
4．a(chǎn)t_first_sight 初次見面；乍一看
5．spring_up 突然興起，迅速出現(xiàn)
6．break_up 破裂，解散；破碎
7．depend_on 依賴，依靠
8．put_up 舉起；張貼；提供食宿
9．a(chǎn)pply_for 申請(qǐng)
10．split_up 分裂，分解
11．participate_in 參加；參與
12．have_a_tendency_for_... 有一種……傾向
13．take_on 呈現(xiàn)；雇用；承擔(dān)
14．break_one's_promise 違背諾言
15．serve_as 起……作用；用作……
16．try_out 實(shí)驗(yàn)；試用
17．go_crazy 變得瘋狂，發(fā)瘋
18．find_out 發(fā)現(xiàn)；查明，弄清
19．come_close_to 接近，靠近
20．get_together 相聚，在一起
1.As a matter of fact, none of us can live alone in society. We all depend_on others sometimes to some degree.
2．I have applied_for some vocational schools and have been waiting for their reply.
3．Things became worse and worse, so I would go_crazy if this went on.
4．The man was found guilty of armed robbery and condemned_to eight years' imprisonment.
5.If the clouds break_up,_we can go for a hike.
6．The moment I came to the old town, I fell_in_love with it immediately.
7．Oceans serve_as the main arteries of transportation between continents.
8．If the project is a success, similar constructions may spring_up elsewhere in the country.
9．In the past ten years, great changes have taken place in my lovely hometown, making it take_on a new look.
10．All students should be encouraged to participate_in sports to build up their bodies.

(三)仿寫明句式——以用為本
教材原句
句式解讀
句式仿寫
1.Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City — there could not be a more awesome setting!
想象一下在紫禁城上演這出歌劇吧——不可能有比這更棒的場(chǎng)景了！
“否定詞＋比較級(jí)”表示最高級(jí)意義。
周圍的稻田像一片金色的海洋，我從來(lái)沒(méi)看見過(guò)比這更漂亮的景象！
The rice fields around me looked like a golden sea.I have_never_seen_more_beautiful_scenery_than_it!
2.Unfortunately, Puccini died of a heart attack before he completed this final scene, and it had to be completed by one of his former students, Franco Alfano.
不幸的是，普契尼還沒(méi)寫完最后一幕就因心臟病去世了，這一幕不得不由他以前的一名學(xué)生法蘭高·阿法奴完成。
before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“還沒(méi)來(lái)得及……就……；趁……；之后才……”等。
先做學(xué)生，后做老師。
Be a pupil before_you_become a teacher.
3.Wherever the Beatles went, there was a phenomenon called ‘Beatlemania’ — thousands of fans would surround them, screaming and going crazy trying to see them.
無(wú)論甲殼蟲樂(lè)隊(duì)到哪兒，總有一種被稱為“披頭士狂熱”的現(xiàn)象——成千上萬(wàn)的粉絲聚集在他們周圍，尖叫著，瘋狂地試圖見他們一面。
wherever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“無(wú)論去(在)哪里”。此時(shí)，相當(dāng)于no matter where。
(2017·北京高考滿分作文)無(wú)論你選擇去哪里旅行，你一定會(huì)體驗(yàn)到中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)文化。
Wherever_you_choose_to_travel,_you are bound to experience the traditional Chinese culture.


二、課堂重點(diǎn)深化



1．cast (cast, cast) vt.& vi.選派角色；投射(光、影)；向……投以(視線、笑容) n．全體演員
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①The circumstances were all against Joe, but he was not cast down.
②He has cast her as an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie.
完成句子
③Here are the research findings that cast_new_light_on the origin of our universe.
這就是對(duì)宇宙起源有新認(rèn)識(shí)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。
④She cast_a_quick_glance_at the notepad to see if there were any messages for her.
她很快地瞄了一眼記事簿，看是否有留給她的口信。
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
be cast down (by sth.)　　　　　 因某事沮喪/失望
cast light on/upon 弄清楚，使人明白
cast a glance/look at/toward ... 朝……瞧了瞧
cast sb. as ... 選派某人演……角色
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
易錯(cuò)處處防
⑤A researcher has now cast light of the mystery of why the animals die.第一個(gè)of→on
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
⑥(2012·湖北高考書面表達(dá))雖然破舊的(shabby)校園和設(shè)施簡(jiǎn)陋的教室讓我感到失望，但是我發(fā)現(xiàn)老師們耐心又體貼。
Cast_down_as_I_felt_at_the_shabby_campus_and_the_poorly-equipped_classroom,_I found_the_teachers_patient_and_considerate.
2．condemn vt.判刑，宣判；指責(zé)，譴責(zé)
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①He was widely condemned for his cruel action towards his elderly parents.
②Most people are willing to condemn violence of any sort as evil.
完成句子
③The judge condemned_the_drunk_driver_to_stay in prison for six months.
法官判處這個(gè)酒駕司機(jī)六個(gè)月拘役。
④The six criminals were_condemned_to_death and another six were sentenced to life imprisonment.
六名罪犯被判處死刑，另外六名被判終身監(jiān)禁。
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
be condemned to sth.　　　　 被處以某種刑罰；使某人被迫接受困境
condemn sb. to death 判處某人死刑
condemn sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而譴責(zé)某人
condemn ... as ... 指責(zé)……為……
be condemned to do sth. 注定做某事
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
易錯(cuò)處處防
⑤Do you condemn yourself of things which you did or failed to do in the past？of→for
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
⑥(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))既然你擅長(zhǎng)乒乓球，你注定會(huì)是最合適的人選。
Since_you_are_good_at_table_tennis,_you_are_condemned_to_be_the_most_suitable person.
3．seize vt.逮捕，捉拿；抓住，捉?。粖Z取，攻占
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
完成句子
①He seized_the_letter_from my hand and began to read out loud.
他從我手里奪過(guò)信開始大聲讀起來(lái)。
②I think that there is no reason why we should not seize_this_opportunity and this moment.
我認(rèn)為沒(méi)有任何理由讓我們不去抓住這次機(jī)會(huì)和這一時(shí)刻。
③Before the thief could run away, the brave girl seized_him_by_the_collar.
在小偷逃跑之前，這個(gè)勇敢的女孩抓住了他的衣領(lǐng)。
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]


seize sth. from ...　　　　　　 從……抓取/奪取某物
seize a chance/an opportunity 抓住機(jī)會(huì)/機(jī)遇
seize sb. by the＋部位 抓住某人……
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
易錯(cuò)處處防
④The host seized me by my hand and shook it heartily. my→the
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
⑤(2015·湖南高考書面表達(dá))老人獲救了，我們很高興。并且，我記得車牌號(hào)，之后交警抓住了司機(jī)。
The_old_man_was_saved_and_we_felt_very_pleased._What's_more,_I_remembered the_number_of_the_car,_and_the_traffic_police_seized_the_driver_later.
4．demand vt.強(qiáng)烈要求；需要n.要求；需求
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①The hijackers are demanding to_speak (speak) to representatives of both governments.
②He has promised to repay the loan at any time on demand.
完成句子
③We have good firms whose products are in_demand around the world.
我們有優(yōu)秀的公司，生產(chǎn)全世界都受歡迎的產(chǎn)品。
④It's impossible to meet/satisfy_all_your_demands.
滿足你所有的要求是不可能的。
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)demand to do sth.　　　 要求做某事
(sb.) demand that sb. (should) do sth.
(某人)要求某人做某事(that從句使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣)
(2)in demand 需求大；受歡迎的
on demand 一經(jīng)要求
satisfy/meet the/one's demands　 滿足(某人的)要求
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
易錯(cuò)處處防
⑤The manager demanded that the workers worked extra hours to complete the task ahead of time.worked→work
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
⑥(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))攝影俱樂(lè)部要求照片要與環(huán)境保護(hù)有關(guān)。
The_photography_club_demands_that_the_photos_be_related_to_environmental protection.
5．decline n．衰落，衰?。粶p少；下降vi.& vt.衰落；下降；婉言謝絕
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
完成句子
①And other researchers have argued there are decades to go before oil production goes/falls_into_decline.
其他研究者認(rèn)為，石油產(chǎn)量在走向衰退之前，還有幾十年的上升空間。
②He is still one of the world's most popular golfers, but his skill is in_decline/on_the_decline.
他仍是世界上最受歡迎的高爾夫球選手之一，但他的球技大不如前。
③I didn't know why that boy declined_to_answer a question.
我不知道那個(gè)男孩為什么拒絕回答問(wèn)題。
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)fall/go into (a) decline　　　　　 陷入衰退
in decline/on the decline 在衰退中，走下坡路
(2)decline to do sth. 拒絕做某事
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
易錯(cuò)處處防
④The number of staff has been declined from 217,000 to 114,000.去掉been
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
⑤(2014·四川高考書面表達(dá))在過(guò)去的十個(gè)月里，我們一直忙于準(zhǔn)備這次考試，謝絕參加任何聚會(huì)。
Over_the_past_ten_months,_we_have_been_busy_in_preparing_for_this_examination and_declined_to_attend_any_party.
6．seek (sought, sought) vt.& vi.試圖，設(shè)法；尋找，尋求
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①If you have any questions, you can seek help from your teammates.
②Fortunately, the tourists sought out a shelter to escape from the unexpected shower.
完成句子
③Different men seek_after_happiness in different ways and by different methods.
不同的人以不同的方式和手段尋求幸福。
④Many people in their lifetime avoid or do not even seek_to_find_the_answer_to that question.
許多人在他們的一生中都在逃避或根本沒(méi)有去尋找過(guò)那個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案。
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
seek (for) sth./sb. from ...　　 從……尋找某物/某人
seek after 追求；追尋
seek to do sth. 試圖做某事
seek one's fortune 找出路；碰運(yùn)氣
seek out 搜尋出；找出
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
易錯(cuò)處處防
⑤And the search for knowledge and improvement should be something to be sought out rather than to be done.out→after
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
⑥(2015·湖北高考書面表達(dá))通過(guò)這次經(jīng)歷，我認(rèn)識(shí)到質(zhì)疑是幫助我們尋求真理的橋梁。
From_this_experience_I_have_learnt_that_questioning_can_serve_as_a_bridge_that helps_us_to_seek_the_truth.
[名師指津]　表示“尋找”的短語(yǔ)還有：look for, search for, hunt for等。



1．fall in love (with sb.)愛(ài)上(某人)，相愛(ài)，墜入愛(ài)河
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
fall apart　　　　　　 破碎，破裂；崩潰
fall behind 落后
fall over 被……絆倒；從……上跌落
fall for 上……的當(dāng)，受……的騙
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
用法條條清(選用上述短語(yǔ)填空)
①I'm trying to be more centred, and not fall_apart when I go through difficult things.
②I fell_behind in my studies because I went through about four years of being addicted to online games.
③An unexpected discovery makes me deeply fall_in_love_with this place.
④If you tell him that it'll make him a lot of money, he's bound to fall_for the idea.
⑤I was unlucky to slip on a banana skin and fall_over.
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
⑥(2011·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))我是你們報(bào)紙的忠實(shí)讀者。我主要是因?yàn)橐韵聝蓚€(gè)原因喜歡上了它。
I'm_a_regular_reader_of_your_newspaper._I_fall_in_love_with_it_mainly_for_the following_two_reasons.
2．break up破裂；破碎，打碎；解散，驅(qū)散；拆開，分開；分手；結(jié)束；放假
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
寫出下列句中break up的含義
①The meeting didn't break up until deep at night.結(jié)束
②Did you know that Kate broke up with her boyfriend？分手
③The police came running and broke up the crowd.驅(qū)散
④When does the school break up for the summer holidays？放假
⑤Their marriage is breaking up.破裂
⑥They broke up the big company into several smaller ones.
拆開，分開
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
⑦(2013·山東高考書面表達(dá))學(xué)?？煲攀罴倭耍覍懶鸥嬖V你我的假期計(jì)劃。
I_am_writing_to_tell_you_my_holiday_plans_for_the_school_is_going_to_break_up_for_summer_holiday.
3．“否定詞＋比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)表示最高級(jí)意義
　[教材原句]　Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City — there could_not_be_a_more_awesome setting!
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
①我玩得再開心不過(guò)了——這是完美的一天。
I_couldn't_have_enjoyed_myself_more — it was a perfect day.
這本書對(duì)我影響最大。
②The book has a greater effect on me than any_other_book.
③The book has a greater effect on me than all_the_other_books.
④The book has a greater effect on me than any_of_the_other_books.
⑤The book has a greater effect on me than the_rest_of_books.
　[歸納點(diǎn)撥]
(1)“否定詞＋比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)表示最高級(jí)意義，通常譯為“沒(méi)有比……更……的，沒(méi)有像……一樣……的”。常用的否定詞有no， not， never， nothing， nobody， hardly等。
(2)表示最高級(jí)意義的常用比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)還有：

　[佳句背誦]
①(增分要點(diǎn)句)(2015·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ?qū)懽骷丫?When it was time for the volunteers to leave, the elderly people thanked them for their kindness. They said they couldn't have enjoyed themselves more.
②(增分要點(diǎn)句)Such a positive attitude towards life can be more helpful in lifting your spirits than any of the other ways.
4．before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
　[教材原句]　Unfortunately, Puccini died of a heart attack before_he_completed_this_final_scene,_and it had to be completed by one of his former students, Franco Alfano.
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
①—Why didn't you tell him the news?
—He rushed out of the room before_I_could_say_a_word.
——你為什么不把消息告訴他？
——我還沒(méi)來(lái)得及說(shuō)一句話他就沖出了房間。
②I must write it down before_I_forget_it.
趁著我還沒(méi)忘，我得把它記下來(lái)。
③I'm sorry you've been waiting so long, but it'll_still_be_some_time_before Brian gets back.
對(duì)不起，讓你等了這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，但是，布萊恩還要過(guò)一段時(shí)間才能回來(lái)。
④It_was_three_days_before he made the decision to accept our suggestion.
三天后他才做出決定接受我們的提議。
　[歸納點(diǎn)撥]
before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“還沒(méi)來(lái)得及……就……；趁……；之后才……”等。before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的含義不同：
(1)一般情況下before表示“在……之前”，但在翻譯時(shí)，可靈活掌握，可譯為“還未……就……”“不到……就……”“……才……”“趁……”等
(2)It will be ＋一段時(shí)間＋before ...“多久之后才……”
(3)It was＋一段時(shí)間＋before ...“過(guò)了多久才……”
　[佳句背誦]
①(增分要點(diǎn)句)(2018·北京高考寫作佳句)To be frank, studying for a degree in a different culture is never easy. You'd better learn some basic Chinese before you come.
②(增分要點(diǎn)句)(2017·浙江高考寫作佳句)It will be an hour or so before we get to the top of the mountain.


Ⅰ.單詞拼寫
1．—Would you like to see the film in which a lot of film stars are cast (擔(dān)任角色)?
—Yes! What's the name of the film?
2．There are disturbing (令人不安的) reports of killings at the two centres.
3．Unwilling (不愿意) to obey his parents, the boy escaped from home.
4．The key to solving the problem is to satisfy the demands (要求) made by the workers.
5．The merciful (仁慈的) king forgave the young officer and saved him from death.
6．“It's awesome (極好的)！”he let out a cry with excitement when his favorite player kicked a goal.
7．They are still seeking (試圖) to find a peaceful solution to the conflict.
8．They seized (抓住) whatever was at hand, worked out the problem and took control of the situation.
9．Since he was stuck in a lift a year ago he hasn't dared (敢) to get back into one.
10．I wanted to help him, but he declined (謝絕) with thanks.
11．Most plants will root (生根) in about six to eight weeks.
12．Don't scold (責(zé)罵) her; she's nothing but a child.
13．We were not able to meet the deadline (最后期限) because of manufacturing delays.
14．Sue screamed (尖叫), not loudly, more in surprise than terror.
15．Patients took more than two hours to be processed through the department (科).
Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空
1．We seek to_help (help) every student discover the joy and fulfillment in the obtainment of knowledge.
2．Though he failed the exam, he was unwilling (willing) to learn from others.
3．They were condemned to a life of hardship because of laziness or disinterest in work and savings.
4．Chris likes music and has a large collection (collect) of albums and cassettes.
5．If you want to apply for a job at the office where I work, I'll put in a good word for you.
6．You may depend on/upon_ it that he will join our club.
7．If you object to seeing such images, you should not participate in this experiment.
Ⅲ.單句改錯(cuò)
1．The company refused the workers' demand that their wages are raised. are→be
2．She was condemning by the whole society because she left her two children at home by themselves for two months and they starved to death. condemning→condemned
3．This information cast light into the problem we had been discussing for one week.into→on
4．She declined to having lunch with her friend, saying that she wasn't feeling well. having→have
5．—You should have stopped Bob going hiking alone in such weather.
— Well, I sought persuade him, but in vain.sought后加to
6．The first and foremost thing is to let people love the city at the first sight, attracting them by its unique image.去掉第三個(gè)the
7．My husband tells me now that it was the letter I wrote to him 10 years ago that made him fall on love with me.on→in
8．If the clouds break down, we can go for a hike.down→up
9．The policeman seized the thief by hand tightly. by后加the
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．Now he is crazy about pop music, so his interest in computer games is on_the_decline/in_decline.
他現(xiàn)在癡迷于流行音樂(lè)，因此對(duì)電腦游戲的興趣減弱了。
2．In the early 1920s, thousands of people went to Australia to seek_their_fortune.
在二十世紀(jì)二十年代早期，成千上萬(wàn)的人前往澳大利亞尋求財(cái)富。
3．Our head teacher demanded that we_(should)_go_to_school_on_time.
我們班主任老師要求我們準(zhǔn)時(shí)到校。
4．We should seize_the_opportunity_to_work_hard to achieve our goal.
我們應(yīng)抓住機(jī)會(huì)努力實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的目標(biāo)。
5．Wherever/No_matter_where_he_goes,_he can adapt himself to new circumstances.
無(wú)論走到哪里他都能適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。
6．It_will_be_a_long_time before I could finish reading the novel.
我需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能讀完這本小說(shuō)。



本單元語(yǔ)篇話題與新課程主題語(yǔ)境“人與社會(huì)”中的“音樂(lè)”子話題相對(duì)應(yīng)

一、話題語(yǔ)素積累多一點(diǎn)
子話題——音樂(lè)
(一)淺易詞匯溫一溫
①tape 　　　 ②live　　　　　③famous　 ?、躡eat
⑤singer ⑥well-known ⑦cheer ⑧wonderful
⑨music ⑩stage ?step ?role
?ticket ?delight ?direct ?gather
(二)生疏詞匯記一記
①lyric n．歌詞　　　　　　　 ②instrument n．樂(lè)器
③album n．專輯 ④ballad n．民謠
⑤amused adj.被逗樂(lè)的 ⑥r(nóng)elease vt.發(fā)行
⑦minor adj.小調(diào)的 ⑧major adj.大調(diào)的
⑨imitation n．模仿 ⑩melody n．旋律
?choir n．合唱隊(duì) ?speaker n．揚(yáng)聲器
?rhythm n．節(jié)奏；律動(dòng) ?mental adj.精神上的
?physical adj.身體上的 ?entertaining adj.娛樂(lè)的
?humorous adj.幽默的 ?comforting adj.安慰的
?relaxed adj.放松的 ?passion n．熱情
accomplish vt.完成；實(shí)現(xiàn) entertainment n．娛樂(lè)
(三)常用詞塊憶一憶
①campus songs　　　　　　 校園歌曲
②music composition 音樂(lè)作品
③impress sb.with sth.＝impress sth.on sb. 某物給某人留下印象
④put on 上演
⑤dance to music 伴著音樂(lè)跳舞
⑥be of great importance 非常重要
⑦think highly of 高度評(píng)價(jià)
⑧be of great help 很有幫助
⑨show up 出現(xiàn)
⑩be on show 上演
?appeal to 吸引
?have a good time 玩得開心
?adapt from 根據(jù)……改編
?come into being 產(chǎn)生，形成
?attend a concert 觀看演唱會(huì)
?be popular among ... 受……歡迎
?sound system 音響設(shè)備
?listen to music 聽音樂(lè)
(四)寫作佳句背一背
①It's said that a famous country music band from America will come to our city to perform this Saturday evening.
②Music has always fascinated us in the way that it communicates.Without words, without pictures.
③In addition to improving creativity, learning music also cultivates many skills that will continue to be useful to your children throughout their lives.

二、話題書面表達(dá)亮一點(diǎn)
　　
昨天晚上你去蓮花體育館(Lotus Stadium)觀看了香港歌星張學(xué)友(Jacky Cheung)的演唱會(huì)，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)提示寫一篇短文。
1．張學(xué)友是20世紀(jì)80年代走紅的香港歌手，他的歌深受大家的歡迎，尤其是“70后”；
2．場(chǎng)內(nèi)座無(wú)虛席，音響設(shè)備極佳，張學(xué)友的演唱很精彩；
3．演唱會(huì)上他邊唱邊跳，雖然已50多歲了，但還是充滿激情；
4．雖然天氣很熱，觀眾還是很開心，全場(chǎng)歡呼，跟著唱每首歌；
5．希望有機(jī)會(huì)再次參加他的演唱會(huì)。
注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

[寫作4步走]
第一步：句寫對(duì)——給詞寫句


attend a concert, singer, well-known, song, be popular among, sound system, excellent, wonderful, dance, audience, have a good time, cheer, active, chance　　
1．昨天晚上我觀看了演唱會(huì)。
I_attended_a_concert_last_night.
2．演唱會(huì)是由張學(xué)友舉辦的。
The_concert_was_given_by_Jacky_Cheung.
3．張學(xué)友是一位受歡迎的香港歌星。
Jacky_Cheung_is_a_pop_singer_from_Hong_Kong.
4．張學(xué)友是在20世紀(jì)80年代出名的。
Jacky_Cheung_became_well-known_in_the_1980s.
5．他的歌曲深受大家喜愛(ài)，尤其是“70后”。
His_songs_are_very_popular_especially_among_those_who_were_born_in_the_1970s.
6．音樂(lè)會(huì)場(chǎng)內(nèi)座無(wú)虛席。
There_was_not_a_single_empty_seat_at_the_concert.
7．音響設(shè)備極佳，他的演唱很精彩。
The_sound_system_was_excellent,_and_his_singing_was_wonderful.
8．演唱會(huì)上張學(xué)友總是邊唱邊跳。
Jacky_Cheung_always_danced_while_he_was_singing_at_the_concert.
9．夏天天氣很熱，但是觀眾很開心。
It_was_very_hot_in_the_summer_time,_but_all_the_audience_had_a_very_good_time.
10．我們不停地歡呼，跟著唱每首歌。
We_kept_cheering_and_sang_along_to_nearly_every_song.
11．雖然他已50多歲了，但還是充滿激情。
Although_he_has_been_more_than_50_years_old,_he_is_active.
12．我希望還有機(jī)會(huì)觀看他的演唱會(huì)。
I_wish_I_could_have_another_chance_to_attend_his_concert.
第二步：量寫夠——語(yǔ)句擴(kuò)充
13．在句1中加入狀語(yǔ)“在蓮花體育館”。
I_attended_a_concert_at_Lotus_Stadium_last_night.
14．在句7中加入狀語(yǔ)“令我們高興的是”。
To_our_delight,_the_sound_system_was_excellent,_and_his_singing_was_wonderful.
15．在句10中加入狀語(yǔ)“整場(chǎng)音樂(lè)會(huì)”。
We_kept_cheering_and_sang_along_to_nearly_every_song_throughout_the_concert.
第三步：語(yǔ)寫美——詞句升格
16．用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)并用“a pop singer from Hong Kong”作同位語(yǔ)合并句2、3和句13。
I_attended_a_concert_given_by_Jacky_Cheung,_a_pop_singer_from_Hong_Kong,_at Lotus_Stadium_last_night.
17．用定語(yǔ)從句合并句4和句5。
Jacky_Cheung_became_well-known_in_the_1980s,_whose_songs_are_very_popular especially_among_those_who_were_born_in_the_1970s.
18．用狀語(yǔ)從句的省略改寫句8。
Jacky_Cheung_always_danced_while_singing_at_the_concert.
19．用詞匯be full of passion替換句11中的active。
Although_he_has_been_more_than_50_years_old,_he_is_full_of_passion.
第四步：篇連順——銜接成文
用what's more， in a word等銜接詞連句成文
I_attended_a_concert_given_by_Jacky_Cheung,_a_pop_singer_from_Hong_Kong,_at Lotus_Stadium_last_night.Jacky_Cheung_became_well-known_in_the_1980s,_whose_songs_are_very_popular_especially_among_those_who_were_born_in_the_1970s.
There_was_not_a_single_empty_seat_at_the_concert.To_our_delight,_the_sound_system_was_excellent,_and_his_singing_was_wonderful.What's_more,_Jacky_Cheung_always danced_while_singing_at_the_concert._It_was_very_hot_in_the_summer_time,_but_all_the_audience_had_a_very_good_time.We_kept_cheering_and_sang_along_to_nearly_every_song_throughout_the_concert.
Although_he_has_been_more_than_50_years_old,_he_is_full_of_passion.In_a_word,_I_wish_I_could_have_another_chance_to_attend_his_concert.


Ⅰ.根據(jù)提示填空
In the year 1965 the movie The Sound of Music that was to become one of the most successful ?productions (作品) in film history was first screened.Following the big success of the ?stage (舞臺(tái)) musical The Sound of Music, Robert Wise produced and ?directed (導(dǎo)演) the film of the same name.In the same year, The Sound of Music was nominated for 10 Oscars and went on to win 5: best film, best director, best sound recording, best script and best musical ?adaptation (adapt)．And then, the real story of The Sound of Music came to be ?known (know) worldwide.
Born in Vienna, Maria von Kutschera was living in the Benedictine Convent on Nonnberg in Salzburg.She was sent as a governess to the family of Georg Ritter von Trapp to look after his seven children, left motherless after the death of Georg Ritter von Trapp's wife.Shortly after Maria became Baron's wife, she founded a family ?choir (合唱隊(duì)) to support the family, and then they became ?famous (著名的) and popular in Austria.Maria wrote down the story and ?published (publish) the book, which was turned into a musical and then a famous movie later.
Ⅱ.片段選詞填空
speaker， listen to， a national star， country music， folk music， popular music， concert， instrument， singer
?Popular_music in America is what every student likes.Students carry small radios with earphones and ?listen_to music before class, after class and at lunch.Students with cars buy large ?speakers and play the music loudly as they drive on the street.
Adult drivers listen to music on the car radio as they drive to work.They also listen to the news about sports, the weather, politics, and activities of the American people.But most of the radio broadcast is music.
Pop or popular music singers make much money.They make a CD or tape which radio stations use in every state.Once the popular ?singer is heard throughout the country, young people buy his or her tapes.Some of the money from these tapes comes to the singer.Wherever the singer goes, all the young people want to meet him or her.Now the singer has become ?a_national_star.
Besides pop music, there are two other kinds of music that are important to Americans.One is called ?folk_music.It tells stories about the common life of Americans.The other is called western or ?country_music.This was started by cowboys who would sing at night to the cows they were watching.Today, any music about country life and the love between a country boy and his girl is called western or country music.
Serious music for the ?concert halls is called classical music.Music for ?instruments is called orchestra music, such as the symphonies (交響樂(lè)) of Beethoven.


一、復(fù)現(xiàn)單元考點(diǎn)——增強(qiáng)備考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的語(yǔ)法填空
1．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence (evident) in a medical journal, runners live three years longer than non-runners.
2．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt.
3．(2017·北京高考)The national park has a large collection (collect) of wildlife, ranging from butterflies to elephants.
4．(2017·浙江高考)Pahlsson screamed (scream) so loudly that her daughter came running from the house.
5．(2016·江蘇高考)He did not compromise easily, but was willing to_accept (accept) any constructive advice for a worthy cause.
6．(2015·湖南高考)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted (root) to the ground, wondering whether to stay or leave.
7．(2014·湖南高考)Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing (disturb) other people, but there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空

scold, decline, broken, seize, scream　　
1．(2015·廣東高考)When does old age begin then？Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the dividing line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people don't begin to experience physical and mental __7__ until after age 75.____________
2．(2014·山東高考)The owner stormed over, __15__the bird, took it into the “black room”， shook it a bit, pulled out a few feathers, and said，“Don't ever, ever say anything to embarrass my customers again. You got that！??！”____________
3．(2014·廣東高考)Parents may__14__their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space.____________
4．(2014·山東高考)Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps. Charlotte found herself operating on damaged limbs and setting__33__ bones, in addition to delivering all the babies in the area. ____________
5．(2013·江西高考)Panicking, she began to __51__.Then, just as it seemed as if she would slip beneath the surface, she heard a calm voice.“Hold on! I'm coming.”____________
答案：1.decline　2.seized　3.scold　4.broken　5.scream
二、復(fù)現(xiàn)話題詞匯——提高閱讀準(zhǔn)度
新高考下的命題新視角：音樂(lè)對(duì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展有著深遠(yuǎn)的影響，它在提升人們的審美能力的同時(shí)，也具有著重大的教育意義。它不僅對(duì)智力的開發(fā)能給予有力的促進(jìn)，而且對(duì)毅力、專注、自制力等非智力因素以及性格、情操的培養(yǎng)都有著不可忽視的作用。音樂(lè)的類別、音樂(lè)的表現(xiàn)形式、著名音樂(lè)人及音樂(lè)的發(fā)展歷程及其對(duì)社會(huì)的影響等都是高考選材的范圍。
[話題感悟]
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) ——語(yǔ)篇復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯，活學(xué)活用記憶更深
(加彩詞匯為本單元話題詞匯，讀文時(shí)請(qǐng)揣摩其用法)
(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Some of the world's most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day.UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying (聯(lián)合) voice across cultures.
Despite the celebrations, though, in the U．S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.
It's Jason Moran's job to help change that.As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.
“Jazz seems like it's not really a part of the American appetite，” Moran tells National Public Radio's reporter Neal Conan.“What I'm hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore. It's actually color, and it's actually digital.”
Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost.“The music can't be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958.It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same，” says Moran.
Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller's music for a dance party, “just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music，” says Moran.“For me, it's the recontextualization.In music, where does the emotion (情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight (感悟) on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context，” says Moran, “so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文介紹了舉辦第一屆國(guó)際爵士樂(lè)日的宗旨、當(dāng)前爵士樂(lè)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)以及如何讓爵士樂(lè)重新流行的設(shè)想。
28．Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?
A．To remember the birth of jazz.
B．To protect cultural diversity.
C．To encourage people to study music.
D．To recognize the value of jazz.
解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句“UNESCO ... raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying (聯(lián)合) voice across cultures.”可知，聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織近來(lái)把4月30日設(shè)立為國(guó)際爵士樂(lè)日，旨在增強(qiáng)人們對(duì)爵士樂(lè)價(jià)值的認(rèn)識(shí)，故答案為D。
29．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Jazz becoming more accessible.
B．The production of jazz growing faster.
C．Jazz being less popular with the young.
D．The jazz audience becoming larger.
解析：選C　代詞指代題。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，畫線詞that 指代上段“Despite the celebrations, though, in the U．S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.”的內(nèi)容，即爵士樂(lè)聽眾的數(shù)量減少并且趨于老齡化，不受年輕人喜歡的現(xiàn)狀。
30．What can we infer about Moran's opinion on jazz?
A．It will disappear gradually.
B．It remains black and white.
C．It should keep up with the times.
D．It changes every 50 years.
解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容尤其是“It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same.”可知，由于時(shí)代在改變，人們的娛樂(lè)方式已經(jīng)發(fā)生改變，所以爵士樂(lè)應(yīng)該隨著時(shí)代改變，才能吸引更多的聽眾。
31．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Exploring the Future of Jazz
B．The Rise and Fall of Jazz
C．The Story of a Jazz Musician
D．Celebrating the Jazz Day
解析：選A　標(biāo)題歸納題。本文介紹了為保護(hù)爵士樂(lè)，聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織設(shè)立國(guó)際爵士樂(lè)日?？v觀全文內(nèi)容尤其是第三至第六段中提到的杰森·莫蘭對(duì)爵士樂(lè)的看法及希望可知，A項(xiàng)“探索爵士樂(lè)的未來(lái)”作本文標(biāo)題最佳。
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) ——題后把脈規(guī)律，練后得法理解更透
利用選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)巧解標(biāo)題歸納題
標(biāo)題可以幫助讀者迅速推測(cè)出整篇文章的主要內(nèi)容，抓住文章討論的中心，把握作者的觀點(diǎn)和意圖。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，文章的標(biāo)題應(yīng)該具有概括性、針對(duì)性、簡(jiǎn)潔性三個(gè)突出特點(diǎn)。
審讀選項(xiàng)時(shí)一要注意選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與文章主題是否有密切的聯(lián)系；二要看選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容對(duì)文章的概括性或覆蓋面如何，要注意題目范圍不能過(guò)大或過(guò)小。錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)通常具有以下三個(gè)特點(diǎn)：概括不夠、過(guò)度概括、以事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)代替概括性強(qiáng)的主旨大意。
例如第31小題，C項(xiàng)“The Story of a Jazz Musician”在文中未提及；B、D兩項(xiàng)過(guò)于片面，縱觀全文內(nèi)容尤其是第三至第六段中提到的杰森·莫蘭對(duì)爵士樂(lè)的看法及希望可知A項(xiàng)正確。



Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
At first sight, Alma Deutscher, a thirteen-year-old girl from England appears to be like any other typical preteen. She loves to skip rope, read and play with her younger sister. But this modest youngster, who composed her first musical work at age six, first short opera at age seven, and first full-length opera based on Cinderella at age ten, is anything but average. Though her parents downplay her extraordinary talent, young Alma is being described as “l(fā)ittle Mozart” by the music world.
Alma's operatic take on the classic fairy tale, which she began writing at age eight, has a slight twist. Her Cinderella is a musician who meets her Prince Charming through a song. “In my Cinderella, she sings the beginning of a ballad — but at midnight she flees. Eventually, the prince finds her after asking all the maidens of the land to sing the end of the ballad.”
The opera was first performed in Vienna, Austria on December 29, 2016, where the then eleven-year-old skillfully switched between the piano and the violin and received enthusiastic reviews. The young genius has since performed two new piano works, once in Australia and the other in China.
While this may appear to be a lot for someone so young, Alma is not worried. She says, “Of course I have to work hard. But all children have to work hard for exams, and at least when I work hard, I work hard for something incredibly exciting, like seeing my whole opera put on.”
Alma's musical talent first came to light before she could even talk. Her parents recall that as an 18-month-old toddler, she was able to hum a perfect version of the children's rhyme Twinkle Twinkle Little Star.
However, Alma's abilities only gained international attention in 2012, after a family friend posted a video online comparing her to Mozart. The family was suddenly swamped with media and Alma became an overnight star, dubbed “l(fā)ittle Mozart”. This nickname makes her parents unhappy because they believe it puts added pressure on the young girl. They would instead prefer her to be called “a composer and musician”．
Alma does not want to be compared to the famous artist either, saying “There was only one Mozart, and I prefer to be little Alma.” Regardless of what she calls herself, the thirteen-year-old is changing the world of music forever!
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。13歲的Alma有音樂(lè)天賦，18個(gè)月時(shí)就能哼唱《一閃一閃小星星》，6歲時(shí)創(chuàng)作了她的第一部音樂(lè)作品，7歲時(shí)創(chuàng)作了第一部短歌劇，被人們譽(yù)為“小莫扎特”。
1. What do we know about Alma Deutscher?
A．She comes from a famous musical family.
B．She showed a great musical talent from a young age.
C．She regularly performs the classical music of Mozart.
D．She has adapted some famous works of classical music.
解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第三句“But this modest youngster, who composed her first musical work at age six, first short opera at age seven, and first full-length opera based on Cinderella at age ten, is anything but average”可知，Alma Deutscher自小便顯示出了驚人的音樂(lè)天賦，故B項(xiàng)正確。
2．How did Alma get to be widely known?
A．Through an online video.
B．By performing on television.
C．By putting on an opera.
D．Through her parents' promotion.
解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段的第一句可知，2012年Alma家的一位朋友在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布了一個(gè)視頻，將Alma比作莫扎特；此后她的能力受到了國(guó)際關(guān)注，故A項(xiàng)正確。
3．What is Alma's attitude towards her success?
A．She is still unsatisfied with her performance.
B．She is uncomfortable with so much pressure.
C．She is modest about her musical achievements.
D．She is proud to have become a professional musician.
解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句可知，在人們將她比作莫扎特時(shí)，Alma不愿和這位著名的音樂(lè)家相提并論，她認(rèn)為世界上只有一個(gè)莫扎特，而她更喜歡人們叫她“小Alma”；據(jù)此可以判斷，面對(duì)人們的贊譽(yù)和自己的成功，Alma很謙虛，故C項(xiàng)正確。
4．What can we infer about Alma's parents?
A．They are very well-educated people.
B．They are protective of their daughter.
C．They have pushed Alma to take up music.
D．They have made a good life plan for Alma.
解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段的后三句可知，Alma成了一夜成名的“小莫扎特”，但這個(gè)綽號(hào)讓她的父母不高興，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為這會(huì)給這個(gè)小女孩帶來(lái)額外的壓力，他們寧愿她被稱為“作曲家和音樂(lè)家”。據(jù)此可以判斷，Alma的父母是愛(ài)護(hù)她的，故B項(xiàng)正確。
B
(2019·廣州綜合測(cè)試)The belief that new technologies are causing the death of work is the idea that never goes away. Despite evidence to the contrary, we still view technological change today as being more rapid and dramatic in its consequences for work than ever before. But this is nothing new. People have always viewed the technological change that takes place during their lives as the most dramatic and dangerous that ever happened in history.
In the 1930s, the British economist (經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家) John Maynard Keynes predicted the widespread use of electricity would produce a world where people spend most of their time doing nothing. In the United States during the 1960s, the government repeatedly investigated fears that automatic machines would permanently reduce the amount of work available. In 1988, one Australian historian claimed that at least a quarter of the workforce would be without jobs within 10 years because of computers.
Of course, none of these disasters came to pass in the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia, or anywhere else.
Yet today, we are seeing the return of these predictions, with some experts claiming the world of work is once more undergoing radical and unprecedented change. They argue that robots and other workplace technologies are causing a reduction in the total amount of work available, or are bringing a more rapid pace of substitution of machines for humans than the one that has been seen previously.
But there is a little evidence to support such beliefs. Statistics show that the percentage of people in work, the number of hours they work, and how frequently they change jobs have remained remarkably constant over the past 20 years.
This stability should not come as a surprise. There are good reasons why we should not expect new technologies to cause the death of work. New technologies always cause job losses, but that is only part of the story. What also needs to be understood is how they increase the amount of work available.
One way this happens is through the increases in incomes that accompany the use of new technologies. With the introduction of these technologies, goods and services can be produced faster, which results in higher real incomes for workers. Higher incomes then increase demand for other products and consequently more workers are needed to make them. Additionally, while new technologies are likely to substitute for some types of workers, they will also increase demand for other types of workers, especially those with higher-level skills and expertise.
So, the end of work is no closer today than at any time in the past. But there is still a need to keep disproving the predictions and to reduce people's fears.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。歷史上曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)多次預(yù)測(cè)技術(shù)的發(fā)展導(dǎo)致人們失業(yè)的事情，現(xiàn)在這個(gè)論調(diào)又被提起；數(shù)據(jù)顯示，事實(shí)上新技術(shù)的發(fā)展并沒(méi)有導(dǎo)致工作總量的減少。
5．What is the function of the second paragraph?
A．To explain the importance of developing new technologies.
B．To show how the technology affected employment in the past.
C．To argue that technological dangers are becoming more serious.
D．To give historical examples of unnecessary fears about new technologies.
解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀第二段可知，該段列舉了英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家、美國(guó)政府和澳大利亞歷史學(xué)家的預(yù)測(cè)，時(shí)間分別為20世紀(jì)30年代、20世紀(jì)60年代和1988年，他們都預(yù)測(cè)新技術(shù)的發(fā)展會(huì)導(dǎo)致工作職位的減少；由第三段可知，所預(yù)測(cè)的這些情況都沒(méi)有發(fā)生；據(jù)此可以判斷，該段旨在舉例說(shuō)明我們沒(méi)有必要擔(dān)心新技術(shù)的發(fā)展，故D項(xiàng)正確。
6．How can employment statistics over the past 20 years best be described?
A．Confusing.　　　　　　　 B．Reliable.
C．Stable. D．Variable.
解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的第二句可知，就業(yè)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在過(guò)去的二十年里，工作人員的比例、工作時(shí)間和換工作的頻率一直保持著驚人的穩(wěn)定；據(jù)此可以判斷，在過(guò)去的二十年里，就業(yè)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)是穩(wěn)定的。C項(xiàng)意為“穩(wěn)定的”，故C項(xiàng)正確。
7．According to Paragraph 7, why does demand for other products often increase after new technologies are introduced?
A．There are more goods for people to choose from.
B．There is more demand for new skills in the economy.
C．Productivity improvements help raise workers' salaries.
D．Higher quality goods at lower prices encourage consumption.
解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段的第二、三句可知，生產(chǎn)效率的提高使工人的工資上漲，這是產(chǎn)品需求增加的原因，故C項(xiàng)正確。
8．What is the author's opinion about the introduction of new technologies?
A．It does not have an effect on most people's jobs.
B．Its benefits are usually not worth the introduction.
C．It usually leads to a significant increase in employment.
D．Its danger to people's employment possibilities is overstated.
解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，作者認(rèn)為人們夸大了引進(jìn)新技術(shù)對(duì)失業(yè)的影響，故D項(xiàng)正確。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
(2019·蘭州診斷)What is friendship? The answers may be different. __1__. We cannot live without friendship just as we cannot live without air and water. Friendship gives us a feeling of safety and warmth, and friendship encourages us to go ahead all the time.
__2__. When we feel happy, we can share our happiness with friends. When we feel down, friends will comfort us. If we are overconfident, our friends can persuade us, and they can make us confident and brave when we are discouraged.
Friendship is valuable. It can touch your heart and give you hope. Many people are proud of having a good friend. __3__. If you help your friends for no reason but simply because they are your friends, this means that you regard your friends as yourself. This is true friendship.
In fact, friendship isn't always easily kept. __4__， you should treat him or her like you want to be treated. Keep the secrets that your friend tells you. Keep your promise with your friend. Share things with your friend. Stick up for your friend. We should try our best to protect the friendship from being hurt. As an old saying goes, “Friendship cannot stand always on one side.” True friendship should be able to stand all kinds of tests.
Because of friendship, our lives are full of happiness. Therefore, the more friends we have, the more pleasure we can share with them. Let's say “Thank you” to our friends for their love and care. __5__， never forget to keep the beautiful friendship!
A．When you want to keep a friend
B．If not, their friendship still cannot last long
C．No matter where we go or who we become
D．Everyone needs friends and is eager to get friendship
E．True friendship must be sincere and must not have conditions
F．But one thing is clear that friendship is the most important thing in our life
G．Sometimes people have good friends when they are young and studying in school
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了什么是友誼以及友誼的特點(diǎn)。
1．解析：選F　上文提到“友誼是什么？答案可能是不同的”，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“但是有一點(diǎn)很清楚，友誼是我們生活中最重要的東西”與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，再聯(lián)系下文可知，應(yīng)選F。
2．解析：選D　D項(xiàng)“每個(gè)人都需要朋友，渴望得到友誼”是對(duì)下文“當(dāng)我們感到快樂(lè)時(shí)，我們可以與朋友分享我們的幸福；當(dāng)我們感到沮喪時(shí)，朋友會(huì)安慰我們……”的具體描述，故選D。
3．解析：選E　E項(xiàng)中的“True friendship”與下文中的“true friendship”相照應(yīng)，故選E。
4．解析：選A　下文說(shuō)“你希望別人怎么待你，你也應(yīng)該怎樣待人”，A項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你想留住朋友的時(shí)候”與之形成條件關(guān)系，故選A。
5．解析：選C　下文說(shuō)“永遠(yuǎn)不要忘記保持美麗的友誼”，C項(xiàng)“無(wú)論我們走到哪里，無(wú)論我們成為誰(shuí)”與之銜接緊密，故選C。


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