一、單詞表詞匯全查驗——運用多媒體，提問默寫詞匯
Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)
[第一屏聽寫]
1．a(chǎn)necdote n．　　　　　　 軼事；奇聞
2．migration n. 遷徙；遷居；移居
3．shore n. 岸；海濱
4．offshore adv.&adj. 近海(的)；離岸(的)
5．suck vt.&vi 吮吸
6．lip n. 一片嘴唇；(容器或洞的)邊，口　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
[第二屏聽寫]
7．shark n．　　　　　　 　 鯊魚
8．telescope n. 望遠(yuǎn)鏡
9．tide n. 潮(汐)；潮水；潮流
10．dimension n. 維(數(shù))；方面；側(cè)面
11．seaweed n. 海草；海藻
12．flashlight n. 閃光信號燈；手電筒；閃光燈
13．grey adj.&n. 灰色(的)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
[第三屏聽寫]
14．steep adj.　　　　　　 陡峭的
15．boundary n. 界限；分界線
16．Antarctic adj. 南極的
17．the Antarctic 南極洲
18．seal n. 海豹；封條；印章
19．pension n. 養(yǎng)老金；退休金
20．pensioner n. 領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老金者　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)
[第四屏聽寫]
1．a(chǎn)nnualadj.　　　　　　 每年的；按年度計算的
n. 年刊；年鑒
2．witnessvt. 當(dāng)場見到；目擊
n. 目擊者；證人；證據(jù)
3．a(chǎn)ccommodationn. 住所；住宿
4．oppositeprep. 在……對面
adj. 相對的；相反的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
[第五屏聽寫]
5．yellvi.　　　　　　　　 大叫；呼喊
n. 叫聲；喊聲
6．pausevi. &n. 暫停；中止
7．teamworkn. 協(xié)作；配合
8．divevi. &n. 跳水(的動作)；潛水(的動作)；俯沖
9．fleevi. 逃避；逃跑
vt. 逃離　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
[第六屏聽寫]
10．dragvt.　　　　　　 拖；拉；扯
11．depthn. 深(度)；深處
12．meantimeadv. 其間；同時
13．relationshipn. 關(guān)系；血緣關(guān)系；交往
14．conservationn. 保存；保護(hù)
15．urgevt. 催促；極力主張；驅(qū)策　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
[第七屏聽寫]
16．a(chǎn)bandonvt.　　　　 放棄；遺棄；拋棄
17．jogvi. 慢跑
vt. 輕推；輕撞
18．seasiden. &adj. 海邊(的)；海濱(的)
19．netn. 網(wǎng)；網(wǎng)狀物；網(wǎng)絡(luò)
20．targetn. 目標(biāo)；靶；受批評的對象　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
[第八屏聽寫]
21．reflectvi.　　　 　　 思考
vt. 映射；反射；思考
22．pureadj. 純的；純粹的；純潔的
23．celln. 細(xì)胞；(蜂房的)巢室
24．a(chǎn)wareadj. 意識到的；知道的
25．vividadj. 生動的；鮮明的；鮮艷的
26．neatadj. 好的；整齊的；勻稱的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
[第九屏聽寫]
27．narrowadj.　　　　　　 狹窄的；有限的；狹隘的
28．sharpadj. 銳利的；鋒利的；敏捷的
29．tastyadj. 好吃的；可口的
30．scarevt. 恐嚇
vi. 受驚嚇
31．shallowadj. 淺的；膚淺的；淺顯的
32．a(chǎn)wesomeadj. 使人敬畏的；令人畏懼的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
[第十屏聽寫]
33．be/become_aware_of　　 對……知道、明白；意識到……
34．help_(...)_out 幫助(某人)擺脫困境或危難
35．upside_down 上下翻轉(zhuǎn)
36．(be)_scared_to_death 嚇?biāo)懒?br /> 37．in_the_meantime 在此期間；與此同時　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
二、單元核心考點初熱身——提供語境，單元考點自測回顧
(一)分類識記單詞——用時少·功效高
識
記
單
詞
寫
對
Ⅰ.知其意(英譯漢)
1.anecdote n．　　　軼事；奇聞
2.migration n. 遷徙；遷居；移居
3.shore n. 岸；海濱
4.dimension n. 維(數(shù))；方面；側(cè)面
5.telescope n. 望遠(yuǎn)鏡
6.lip n. 一片嘴唇；(容器或洞的)邊，口
7.tide n. 潮(汐)；潮水；潮流
8.flashlight n. 閃光信號燈；手電筒；閃光燈
9.grey adj.&n. 灰色(的)
10.steep adj. 陡峭的
11.boundary n. 界限；分界線
12.Antarctic adj. 南極的
13.suck vt.&vi. 吮吸
14.seal n. 海豹；封條；印章
15.pension n. 養(yǎng)老金；退休金
Ⅱ.寫其形(漢譯英)
1.seasiden．&adj.　　海邊(的)；海濱(的)
2.netn. 網(wǎng)；網(wǎng)狀物；網(wǎng)絡(luò)
3.yellvi. 大叫；呼喊
n. 叫聲；喊聲
4.fleevi. 逃避；逃跑
vt. 逃離
5.jogvi. 慢跑
vt. 輕推；輕撞
6.meantimeadv. 期間；同時
7.pureadj. 純的；純粹的；純潔的
8.narrowadj. 狹窄的；有限的；狹隘的
9.shallowadj. 淺的；膚淺的；淺顯的
10.awesomeadj. 使人敬畏的；令人畏懼的
核
心
單
詞
練
通
1.The Chinese economy grows at a(n) annual (每年的) rate of more than 6 percent.
2．In November, 2018, the state of California of the US witnessed (見證) a violent forest fire.
3.Scientific studies have shown that making a habit of pausing (暫停) before you do something can actually have a big impact on how your life turns out.
4.In that country, people who talk too loudly on their mobile phones or eat smelly foods will face being dragged (拖；拉) off the underground train and handed $650 fines.
5.I would like to set a new target (目標(biāo)) for my studies after I enter my ideal college.
6.We should keep our classroom and dormitory neat (整齊的) and tidy every day.
7.Opposite (相對的) to the lecture hall is the art center, where there are many Chinese and foreign famous paintings.
8.Some students think Internet Slang (網(wǎng)絡(luò)俚語) is vivid (生動的), fashionable and full of humor and intelligence.
9.The weather was too hot, so I ran towards the seaside and dived (潛水) into the cool water.
10.Years of school life has taught me a lot of things, of which teamwork (協(xié)作) is the most important for me.
拓展單詞用活
[記全記牢]
1.accommodation n．住所；住宿→accommodatevt.提供住宿
2.depth n．深(度)；深處→deepadj.&adv.深的(地)→deeplyadv.深深地→deepenv．使加深；使強烈；變深
3.urge vt.催促；極力主張；驅(qū)策→urgentadj.緊急的；迫切的
4.abandon vt.放棄；遺棄；拋棄→abandonedadj.被遺棄的；放縱的
5.relationship n．關(guān)系；血緣關(guān)系；交往→relatev．使有聯(lián)系；敘述；涉及→relatedadj.有關(guān)系的；有關(guān)聯(lián)的→relationn．關(guān)系；敘述
6.conservation n．保存；保護(hù)→conservev．保存；保護(hù)
7.reflect vi.&vt.思考；映射；反射；思考→reflectionn．反射；反映；映像
8.aware adj.意識到的；知道的→awarenessn．意識；認(rèn)識
9.sharp adj.銳利的；鋒利的；敏捷的→sharpenv．削尖；磨快；尖銳；變鋒利→sharpenern．鉛筆刀；磨具
10.tasty adj.好吃的；可口的→tasten．味道 v．品嘗→tastelessadj.無味的
11.scare vt.恐嚇 vi.受驚嚇→scaredadj.恐懼的；害怕的→scaryadj.恐怖的；可怕的
[用準(zhǔn)用活]
1.Whether a student likes a subject or not, is normally related to the relationship/relation between he and his teacher.(relate)
2.The water conservation is so important that we must pay much attention to conserving our drinking water.(conserve)
3.It was a scary story and children were scared after they heard it.(scare)
4.The boy’s pencil isn’t sharp,_so he sharpens it with his sharpener.(sharp)
5.Though the soup is tasty,_I’ve lost my sense of taste and it tastes just like tasteless water.(tasty)
6.The lake is over 20 meters in depth. So we were all moved deeply by the man who dived deep into the lake to save the boy.(depth)
7.Some flowers are reflected in the river and the reflection is very beautiful.(reflect)
8.If you can’t find any accommodations elsewhere, here is a room which can accommodate up to five people.(accommodation)
9.It is urged that we should finish the job in such urgent time.(urge)


?
1.以“-rrow”結(jié)尾的詞一覽
①narrow adj.　　狹窄的
②arrow n. 箭頭
③borrow v. 借
④sorrow n. 悲傷
⑤sparrow n. 麻雀

2.含后綴-th的名詞薈萃
①depth　深度
②width 寬度
③length 長度
④truth 真理
⑤growth 成長
3.“形容詞和副詞”同形的詞
①fast adj.　快的　　adv.　迅速地
②close adj. 親密的 adv. 緊密地
③deep adj. 深的 adv. 深深地
④direct adj. 直接的 adv. 直接地
⑤easy adj. 容易的 adv. 從容地

(二)語段串記短語——不枯燥·興趣高
先 寫 對
再 用 準(zhǔn)
第一組
1.aim_at　　　　　　　　瞄準(zhǔn)
2.get_close_to 靠近
3.hold_up 舉起；阻止
4.be/become_aware_of 對……知道、明白；意識到……
5.(be)_scared_to_death 嚇?biāo)懒?br /> Once I, together with my parents, visited Qingdao Ocean World. To my joy, I could ①get_close_to the shark in the aquarium. Although I ②was_aware_of the shark in the tank, I ③was nearly scared_to_death when the shark swam to me.
第二組
1.ahead_of　　　在……之前
2.help_(...)_out 幫助(某人)擺脫困境
3.upside_down 上下翻轉(zhuǎn)
4.in_the_meantime 在此期間
5.be_about_to 即將；將要
①In_the_meantime,_there were many visitors ②ahead_of us. They were also scared to scream. We ③were_about_to go to see other fishes when the shark turned around. Luckily, it was the feeder that drew its attention and ④helped us out. What an exciting experience we had under the sea！　　


?
1.“v.＋at”動詞短語薈萃
①aim at　　　　瞄準(zhǔn)
②point at 指向
③arrive at 到達(dá)
④laugh at 嘲笑
⑤knock at 敲(門、窗等)
2.hold相關(guān)短語集合
①hold up　舉起；阻止
②hold on 堅持；稍等
③hold back 躊躇；阻止
④hold out 維持；堅持
⑤hold off 推遲；戰(zhàn)勝
3.“動詞＋out”短語專輯
①help (...) out　　幫助(某人)擺脫困境
②work out 解決；算出；鍛煉
③figure out 解決；算出
④find out 查明；弄清楚
⑤try out 試用；試驗

(三)仿寫用活句式——造佳句·表達(dá)高
背 原 句
明 句 式
學(xué) 仿 寫
1.It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.
那個時期，虎鯨(當(dāng)時被稱為“殺手”)幫助捕鯨人在每年須鯨遷徙時捕捉須鯨。
It was a time when ...
“曾經(jīng)一度
(那時)……”。
那是一個很多年輕人到農(nóng)村去鍛煉的時代。
It_was_a_time_when many young people went to the countryside to get some training.
2.As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers.
隨著我們的逼近，我能看見一條鯨魚正在被其他六條虎鯨襲擊。
see ...doing sth.
“看見……正在做某事”及v.-ing 形式的被動式作賓語補足語。
我看到那個小伙子的手指被卡在了試管里。
I saw the young man's finger being_stuck_inside_a_test_tube.
3.The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.
水很淺，但到了珊瑚礁的盡頭，就有一個陡坡，一直下降到滿是沙子的海底。
where ..., there be ...
“在……地方，有……”。
我們都知道，有夢想，就有希望。
We all know that where_there
_is_a_dream,_there_is_hope.




考點新組合
閱讀微技能
Protecting the ocean
As we learn about from the media, the oceans are witnessing more and more human’s activities?. Consequently, a great number of people see lots of waters ________________(pollute)?. And we human beings are aware of the danger of damaging oceanic ecological balance. So, we urge the people to protect the ocean environment.
1.①處所在句使用了擬人的英語修辭格， witness在句中可翻譯成“見證；目擊”。
2．②處應(yīng)填詞的正確形式為being_polluted。該形式在句中作動詞see的賓語補足語，它表示一個正在發(fā)生的被動動作。

1．witness vt.當(dāng)場見到；目擊vi.為……作證(to) n．目擊者；證人；證據(jù)
(1)witness sth./that ...　　　　 目擊……
witness to (doing) sth. 證實/證明(做)某事
(2)(a) witness of/to sth. ……的目擊者/見證人/證明/證據(jù)
[多角練透]
單句語法填空
①What the police did first was to interview all the witnesses (witness) to the accident last week.
②His good health is a witness to/of the success of the treatment.
單句寫作
③中國的電影票房收入見證了從2012年的170億元到2015年的超過400億元的持續(xù)增長。(2017·江蘇高考書面表達(dá))
The box-office income of Chinese movies witnessed_a_constant_increase from about 17 billion yuan in 2012 to over 40 billion in 2015.
2．urge vt.催促；極力主張；驅(qū)策 n．強烈的欲望；沖動

(1)urge sb. to do sth.　　　 催促某人做某事
urge/it is urged that ...(should) do sth.
極力主張……做某事
(2)have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事
(3)urgent adj. 緊急的；迫切的
urgency n. 緊急；催促
[多角練透]
單句語法填空
①Our teacher urges us to_study (study) hard with the College Entrance Examination drawing near.
②I have an urge to help people out when they’re in trouble.
③I make an urgent (urge) appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation.
句型轉(zhuǎn)換
④The teacher urged that we (should) read as many books in English as possible.
→It_was_urged_that_we_(should)_read as many books in English as possible.
3．be/become aware of對……知道、明白；意識到……

(1)be aware that ...　　　　 意識到/體會到……
(2)awareness n. 意識；認(rèn)識
develop an awareness of 逐漸懂得；培養(yǎng)……的意識
[題點全練]　單句語法填空
①Learning English not only increases my awareness (aware) of foreign cultures but also helps me to communicate with English-speaking people and to make more new friends.
②In my opinion, it’s very important to develop an awareness of health now.
③As a member of society, I’m aware that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society.
④Some activities should be carried out to make people aware of the importance of donating blood.
4．分詞作賓語補足語
As we drew closer, I could see a whale being_attacked by a pack of about six other killers.
隨著我們的逼近，我能看見一條鯨魚正在被其他六條虎鯨襲擊。

(1)being done表示“……正在被做”，它可以作賓語補足語、定語和狀語，相當(dāng)于形容詞或副詞。
(2)being done表示“被做……”，時常在句中作主語、賓語和表語，相當(dāng)于名詞。
①Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it being_performed (perform) live is quite another.(2015·浙江高考)
在家里面聽音樂是一回事，去到現(xiàn)場聽又是另一回事。
②Being_caught (catch) in a heavy traffic is quite an unpleasant experience.
遭遇嚴(yán)重交通堵塞是一次非常令人不愉快的經(jīng)歷。
考點新組合
閱讀微技能
Protecting the ocean
______________? It’s time for us to abandon the idea that the ocean resources are unlimited. I think what is worthy for us to reflect on is how to help the endangered ocean animals and plants out?. After all, the ocean is the cradle of human life and protecting the ocean is protecting ourselves.
1.①處可填入的句子是__B__。
A．Where there is a will, there is a way.
B．Where there is pollution, there is harm.
C．Where there’s smoke, there’s fire.
2．②處所在句的句式結(jié)構(gòu)是：what引導(dǎo)的句子作主語；“how＋動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作表語；think后的句子是賓語從句。

5．a(chǎn)bandon vt.放棄；遺棄；拋棄；中止；使放縱；使聽任 n．放任；放縱
(1)abandon oneself to ...　　　 沉湎/縱情于……
abandon doing sth. 放棄做某事
(2)abandoned adj. 被遺棄的；放縱的
be abandoned to 沉湎于……
[多角練透]
單句語法填空
①Without worrying about anything, she abandoned herself to a life of pleasure.
②Soon they reached an abandoned (abandon) temple, where there once lived an old monk.
③He is abandoned to reading (read) all kinds of books in his spare time.
一句多譯
他沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲，沒有通過考試。
④He abandoned_himself_to_the_Internet_games and didn’t pass the exam.
⑤Abandoning_himself_to_the_Internet_games,_he didn’t pass the exam.
⑥Abandoned to the Internet games, he didn’t pass the exam.
6．reflect vi.思考vt.映射；反射；反映；思考

(1)reflect ... in ...　　　 在……中映出……的影像
be reflected in 倒映在；反映在
reflect on/upon sth. 反省/認(rèn)真思考某事
(2)reflection n. 反射；反照；反映；映像；沉思
on reflection 再三考慮
[多角練透]
單句語法填空
①In class, you will mainly learn Tang poetry, which reflects (reflect) traditional Chinese culture and is deeply loved by Chinese.(2017·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))
②It seems beautiful that the tall buildings are_reflected (reflect) in the lake around which there are many trees.
③English writing is the comprehensive reflection (reflect) of students’ English level.
同義替換
④At first I thought it was a bad idea, but thinking twice (＝on_reflection) I realized she was right.
最初我認(rèn)為那是個壞主意，但再次考慮之后我認(rèn)識到她是對的。
句型轉(zhuǎn)換
⑤There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon which is reflected in the picture.
→There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon reflected_in the picture.
⑥When she reflected on her volunteer experience, Tina felt proud of what she managed to achieve together with her local colleagues.
→Reflecting_on_her_volunteer_experience,_Tina felt proud of what she managed to achieve together with her local colleagues.
7．help (...) out幫助(某人)擺脫困境或危難；協(xié)助；使(某人)脫離困境

(1)help sb. with/(to) do sth.　 幫助某人某事/做某事
can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事
can’t help but do sth.　 只得做某事；不得不做某事
help yourself (to sth.) 隨便自己動手(吃/用……等)
(2)with the help of sb.＝with one’s help
　 　 在某人的幫助下
[多角練透]
單句語法填空
①I have been busy with my study and seldom help my parents with the housework.
②We think this is the opportunity for us youth to do a contribution to helping the victims out.
③When thinking of the wonderful days I spent in New Orleans, I just can’t help thinking (think) of you.
補全句子
④With_the_help_of_the_teacher/With_the_teacher’s_help,_he has made great progress in his English.
在老師的幫助下，他在英語方面取得了巨大進(jìn)步。
8．where ..., there be ...“在……地方，有……”
The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there_was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.
水很淺，但到了珊瑚礁的盡頭，就有一個陡坡，一直下降到滿是沙子的海底。

(1)where可以引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句，修飾主句的謂語
(2)where可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾它前面的名詞
(3)where可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，在句中作主語、賓語、表語或同位語
①Where_there_is_water,_there_is_life.
有水的地方，就有生命。
②We are going to meet at the school gate at 7 a．m. and cycle to the nearby mountain where_we_can_go_hiking and enjoy a picnic.(2017·浙江高考寫作)
我們打算上午七點鐘在學(xué)校門口集合并騎車到附近山上遠(yuǎn)足并進(jìn)行野餐。
③We haven’t dealt with the question where_we_are_going_to_spend_the_weekend.
到哪兒去過周末，這個問題我們還沒有解決。




[單元語基落實]

Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1．Over the past 40 years, China has_witnessed (witness) dramatic changes.
2．When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I decided to apply for the one that reflected (reflect) my interest.
3．This morning I received a telephone call from my dentist, urging me to_come (come) to his practice for immediate treatment of my teeth.
4．Feeling frustrated, I found I abandoned myself to playing (play) computer games.
5．Only when everyone has the environmental awareness (aware) can we have cleaner air.
6．—Where do you plan to work?
—I’ve made up my mind to go where I’m most needed.
7．The music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with a few short pauses (pause) in between.
8．One afternoon last week, I saw three tearful children from my son’s school being_comforted (comfort) by teachers.
9．To everyone’s surprise, the CEO fled (flee) to the US, leaving his company in a mess.
10．I was too scared (scare) to go into the water even though they tried to persuade me several times.
Ⅱ.選詞填空

1．The police held_up the traffic to allow the pupils to cross the road.
2．I don’t really work here. I am just helping_out until the new secretary comes.
3．In the Spring Festival, Chinese people like to hang the character “fu” upside_down.
4．Seeing a toy snake suddenly sometimes, the little girl can be_scared_to_death.
5．The visit was aimed_at promoting mutual communications between these two countries.
6．Seeing a large crowd at the street corner，I became/was_aware_of something unusual happening.
Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示詞和相關(guān)要求補全(或翻譯)句子
1．我經(jīng)常懷念我的童年。那是一段幾乎每天都無憂無慮的日子。(It was a time when ...)
I often miss my childhood. It_was_a_time_when_I_spent_almost_each_day without worries.
2．當(dāng)他們正打算看他們最喜愛的電影時，他們聽到來自外面的一個奇怪的噪聲。(be about to ... )
When they were_about_to_watch_their_favorite_movie,_they heard a strange noise coming from outside.
3．請記?。耗睦镉袉栴}，哪里就有解決辦法。(where ..., there be ...)
Remember that where_there_is_a_problem,_there_is_always_a_solution.
4．每天，學(xué)生們要花三個多小時寫作業(yè)。(it takes sb.＋時間＋to do ...)
It_takes_the_students_more_than_three_hours_to_do their homework every day.
5．我看見他安全地穿過馬路跑開了。(see ... doing)
I_saw_him_crossing_the_road_safely_and_running_away.
Ⅳ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換
1．Every one knew that the two girls didn’t get along very well then.
→Every one was_aware_that the two girls didn’t get along very well then.
2．The conference will begin in an hour; at the same time, let’s have a chat.
→The conference will begin in an hour; in_the_meantime,_let’s have a chat.
3．As Bob abandoned himself to smoking, he suffered from lung cancer.
→Abandoning_himself_to_smoking,_Bob suffered from lung cancer.
[高考拆組訓(xùn)練]
閱讀理解組塊專練——練速度
(限時：30分鐘)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
The amount of fish caught worldwide is much larger than has been reported. And that could mean serious problems for the environment and nations that depend on fisheries (漁業(yè)). A new estimate shows that it is 32 million tons higher than countries have been reporting yearly.
The same report notes that the world's fish catch has been declining since the late 1990s. Countries report their industrial catches to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. But they do not report other kinds of fishing. This includes the catches of small commercial fisheries, which are called artisanal fisheries, and fishing for recreation and individual food.
Daniel Pauly at the University of British Columbia in Canada led the study. He noted that a huge amount of some catches is thrown away. “For example, shrimp trawlers (拖網(wǎng)漁船) keep only the shrimp and the fish that they catch — often eight to ten times as much as the shrimp — gets thrown away.”
Pauly told VOA that better estimates of the actual global catch will help ensure there will be enough fish in the future. “But our figures suggest that since 1996 a rapid decrease is happening. And if you project this forward you end up in a few decades having much less catch, literally no catch. So that is potentially dangerous.”
Researchers also found ways the world's fisheries are changing. They found that fishing fleets of larger nations are catching fish in the waters of developing countries more and more.
Pauly said he was surprised by the amount of fishing done by foreign fleets in competition with local fishers. “In West Africa, the figure that was most astonishing is the enormous role of foreign fishing — of European and Asian vessels fishing legally or illegally and competing against local fishermen. On the other hand for the US, Australia and some developing countries, such as the Bahamas, what was apparent is the enormous contribution of recreational fisheries, which also never get reported to the FAO.”
Researchers say inaccurate data also harms the development and supervision (監(jiān)管) of effective policy and management measures.
語篇解讀：世界范圍內(nèi)捕魚的數(shù)量比報告中的數(shù)量要多很多，而這些虛假報告對經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境都造成了不好的影響。
1．What's the main idea of the passage?
A．False amount of fish caught worldwide harms economy environment.
B．The world's fish catch has been declining.
C．The global fishing competition is serious.
D．The management of global fishing needs improving.
解析：選A　主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一、二句“The amount of fish caught worldwide is much larger than has been reported. And that could mean serious problems for the environment and nations that depend on fisheries(漁業(yè))．”可知，本文主要闡述了關(guān)于捕魚數(shù)量的虛假報告對環(huán)境造成了不好的影響。故選A項。
2．What does the underlined word “it” (in Para.1) refer to?
A．The amount of foreign fishing.
B．The amount of local fishing.
C．The amount of recreational fishing.
D．The amount of all fish caught worldwide.
解析：選D　代詞指代題。it為代詞，指代前文，又根據(jù)32 million這個數(shù)字可推斷出it指代第一句中的“The amount of fish caught worldwide”，由此可知選D項。
3．Which kind of fishing has been reported to the FAO?
A．Industrial fish catches.
B．Commercial fishing.
C．Fishing for entertainment.
D．Fishing for individual food.
解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段二、三句“Countries report their industrial catches to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. But they do not report other kinds of fishing.”可知，各國向聯(lián)合國糧食及農(nóng)業(yè)組織報告了他們的工業(yè)捕魚量，但沒有報告其他形式的捕魚數(shù)量。故選A項。
B
Since English biologist Charles Darwin published OntheOriginofSpecies in 1859, scientists have vastly improved their knowledge of natural history.However, a lot of information is still the subject of speculation, and scientists can still only make educated guesses at certain things.
One subject that they guess at is why some 400 million years ago, animals in the sea developed limbs that allowed them to move onto and live on land.
Recently, an idea that occurred to the US paleontologist (古生物學(xué)家) Alfred Romer a century ago became a hot topic once again.
Romer thought that tide pools might have led to fish gaining limbs.Sea animals would have been forced into these pools by strong tides.Then, they would have been made either to adapt to their new environment close to land or die.The fittest among them grew to accomplish the transition from sea to land.
Romer called these earliest four-footed animals “tetrapods”．Science has always thought that this was a credible theory, but only recently has there been strong enough evidence to support it.
Hannah Byrne is an oceanographer (海洋學(xué)家) at Uppsala University in Sweden.She announced at the 2018 Ocean Sciences Meeting in Oregon, US, that by using computer software, her team had managed to link Romer's theory to places where fossil deposits of the earliest tetrapods (四足動物) were found.
According to the magazine Science, in 2014, Steven Balbus, a scientist at the University of Oxford in the UK, calculated that 400 million years ago, when the move from land to sea was achieved, tides were stronger than they are today.This is because the planet was 10 percent closer to the moon than it is now.
The creatures stranded in the pools would have been under the pressure of “survival of the fittest”， explained Mattias Green, an ocean scientist at the UK's Bangor University.As he told Science, “After a few days in these pools, you become food or you run out of food ...The fish that had large limbs had an advantage because they could flip (快速翻轉(zhuǎn)) themselves back in the water.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章就“大約4億年前，為什么海里的動物長出了可以使它們遷移到并生活在陸地上的四肢？”這一問題列出了不同的科學(xué)家提供的不同證據(jù)。
4．Who first proposed the theory that fish might have gained limbs because of tidal pools?
A．Alfred Romer.　　　　　　B．Charles Darwin.
C．Hannah Byrne. D．Steven Balbus.
解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段及第四段第一句可知，最先提出潮水潭導(dǎo)致魚類長出四肢這一觀點的是美國的古生物學(xué)家Alfred Romer，故本題選A。
5．Why were tides stronger 400 million years ago than they are today according to Steven Balbus?
A．There were larger oceans.
B．Earth was closer to the moon.
C．The moon gave off more energy.
D．Earth was under greater pressure.
解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段最后一句“This is because the planet was 10 percent closer to the moon than it is now.”可知，4億年前，潮汐比現(xiàn)在更強勁，這是因為地球離月球比現(xiàn)在近了10%。本題答案為B。
6．The underlined word “stranded” in the last paragraph probably means “________”．
A．found B．settled
C．a(chǎn)bandoned D．trapped
解析：選D　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“After a few days in these pools, you become food or you run out of food”可知，“The creatures stranded in the pools would have been under the pressure of ‘survival of the fittest’”表示被困在潮水潭的生物將會受到“適者生存”的壓力。第四段第三句也是信息提示。故本題答案為D。trap“使落入險境，使陷入困境”。
7．What is the focus of the article?
A．The arguments over a scientific theory.
B．The proposal of a new scientific theory.
C．Some new evidence to support a previous theory.
D．A new discovery that questions a previous theory.
解析：選C　主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段可知，最近美國古生物學(xué)家Alfred Romer一個世紀(jì)前的想法再次成為一個熱門話題。根據(jù)第二段可知，這個想法正是對“大約4億年前，為什么海里的動物長出了可以使它們遷移到并生活在陸地上的四肢？”這一問題的思考，故這個問題是以前的問題，且文章給出了不同的科學(xué)家最近提供的不同證據(jù)。故選C。
C
What's more exciting than having a fresh hot pizza delivered to your door? How about having it brought to you by a robot? Thanks to Domino's Robotic Unit, that just became a reality. On March 8, the three-foot tall robot made its first delivery to some lucky residents in Brisbane, Australia.
The autonomous DRU is the result of a cooperation between Domino's Pizza Australia and Marathon Robotics. The machine can cover a distance of up to 12 miles and back before requiring a battery recharge. Equipped with Google Maps and GPS guidance, DRU can go along bike paths and sidewalks and also find the most efficient way to its destination. LIDAR, a laser-based sensor technology similar to the one used in self-driving cars, enables DRU to detect and avoid obstacles, while traditional sensors ensure its path to its destination is safe. DRU's plastic shell protects the food from the bad weather, while its aluminum and steel container ensures that the pies remain hot.
The robot can fit up to ten pizzas and even has a separate cold area to accommodate drink orders. To access their food, customers have to enter the unique code provided by the company. This not only ensures that they pick up the right pizza, but also prevents the pies from getting stolen.
Domino's expects additional DRU to be ready for service in its various Queensland locations within the next six months. But don't expect these super cute robots to replace humans anytime soon. According to Domino's, the DRU still needs much testing, which the company believes could take up to two years. There is also the issue of regulations. The public use of autonomous vehicles is still banned in most countries. But Don Meij, the CEO of Domino's Pizza, is not worried. He believes that one day DRU will become a necessary part of the Domino's family.

8．What's the function of LIDAR?
A．Keeping DRU free of obstacles.
B．Recharging DRU's battery.
C．Helping DRU find its destination.
D．Protecting DRU from bad weather.
解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“LIDAR, a laser-based sensor technology similar to the one used in self-driving cars, enables DRU to detect and avoid obstacles ...”可知，LIDAR的功能是使DRU察覺并避開障礙物。故A項正確。
9．Why does the company provide codes for its customers?
A．To fit up more pizzas.
B．To prevent the pizza being taken by mistake.
C．To keep the pizza warm.
D．To get the pizza paid in time.
解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“This not only ensures that they pick up the right pizza, but also prevents the pies from getting stolen.”可知，這是為了防止顧客拿錯比薩。故B項正確。
10．What can we infer about the future of DRU?
A．It may need some improvements.
B．It will replace humans soon.
C．It may be banned in Australia.
D．It will soon be applied worldwide.
解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“According to Domino's, the DRU still needs much testing, which the company believes could take up to two years.”可以判斷，DRU仍有待改進(jìn)。故A項正確。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
To Know Some Customs and Manners
While you are travelling abroad, cultural mistakes are more serious than linguistic mistakes, which can lead to serious misunderstanding and even ill-feeling between individuals. __1__
●Touching Someone
__2__ In Mediterranean countries, if you don't touch someone's arm when talking to them or if you don't greet them with kisses or a warm hug, you'll be considered cold. But backslap (拍背) someone who isn't a family member or a good friend in Korea, and you'll make them uncomfortable. In Thailand, the head is considered sacred — never even pat a child on the head.
●Talking Over Dinner
In some countries, like China, Japan and some African nations, the food's the thing, so don't start chatting about your day's adventures while everyone else is digging into dinner. __3__ It's not because your group is unfriendly, but because meal times are for eating, not talking.
●Removing Your Shoes or Not
Take off your shoes when arriving at the door of a London dinner party and the hostess will find you uncivilized, but fail to remove your shoes before entering a home in Asia, Hawaii, or the Pacific Islands and you'll be considered disrespectful. So, if you see a row of shoes at the door, start undoing your laces. __4__
Once you are on the ground of a different country, remain highly sensitive to native behavior. __5__ And don't feel offended if something seems offensive — like queue jumping. After all, this is a global village, and we are all very different.
A．Personal space varies as you travel the globe.
B．Asians consider removing shoes impolite at home.
C．Never be completely surprised by anything.
D．The linguistic mistake means that someone is not fully expressing his idea.
E．Look out for the following cultural mistakes and try to avoid them.
F．If not, keep the shoes on.
G．You'll likely be met with silence.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了不同文化當(dāng)中的不同習(xí)俗和禮儀，了解這些習(xí)俗和禮儀有助于我們避免在與外國友人交流時出現(xiàn)文化方面的錯誤或者誤解。
1．選E　本文是“總—分—總”的結(jié)構(gòu)，而空格處所在段落是文章的總起段?？崭裉帒?yīng)是要引出對下文三種不同的文化習(xí)俗的介紹。E項“Look out for the following cultural mistakes and try to avoid them.”意為“當(dāng)心以下這些文化錯誤并盡力避免它們”，能夠引起下文。故選E。
2．選A　根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題“Touching Someone”以及下文介紹的不同國家在肢體接觸方面有不同的習(xí)俗可知，空格處應(yīng)當(dāng)總領(lǐng)全段。A項“當(dāng)你環(huán)球旅游時，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)各地對私人空間的定義是不同的”能夠總領(lǐng)該段。故選A。
3．選G　根據(jù)空格前一句可知，在上述這些國家，吃飯的時候要專心。當(dāng)別人吃晚飯時，不要閑聊你白天的經(jīng)歷。G項“你很有可能會遭遇沉默”緊密銜接上文。故選G。
4．選F　根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Removing Your Shoes or Not”可知，該段討論的是“要不要脫鞋”的問題?？崭裉帒?yīng)與空格前一句“So, if you see a row of shoes at the door, start undoing your laces.”之間為對比關(guān)系。F項“如果不是這樣，那就穿上鞋子”符合語境。故選F。
5．選C　該段為總結(jié)段?？崭裉帒?yīng)為具有總結(jié)性質(zhì)的句子。空格后一句是說如果一些事情看起來是具有冒犯性的，但是要入鄉(xiāng)隨俗，不要感覺被冒犯了，并舉插隊一例進(jìn)行說明。C項“不要對任何事情感到詫異”符合語境且引出下句。故選C。


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