一、課前基礎(chǔ)自查
(一)分類(lèi)記單詞——省時(shí)高效
Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(知其意)
1．inherit v．　　　繼承
2．property n. 財(cái)產(chǎn)
3．hatch v. 孵化
4．bucket n. 桶
5．splash v. (液體)濺落；飛濺
6．opera n. 歌劇
7．hammer n. 榔頭，錘子
8．lame adj. 瘸的，跛的
9．tyre n. 輪胎
10．jungle n. 熱帶叢林　　
11．sleeve n. 袖子
12．jewellery n. 珠寶，首飾
13．rigid adj. 僵硬的；不動(dòng)的；不能彎曲的
14．framework n．　構(gòu)架，框架，結(jié)構(gòu)
15．fibre n. (植物的)纖維質(zhì)
16．garage n. 汽車(chē)修理廠
Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞(寫(xiě)其形)
1．run v. 控制；管理
2．farm v. 種植；養(yǎng)殖
3．firm adj. 穩(wěn)固的，牢固的
4．fasten v. 系牢，縛緊
5．loose adj. 稀松的，疏松的
6．tool n. 工具
7．bare adj. 赤裸的
8．native adj. 出生地的；土生土長(zhǎng)的
9．a(chǎn)wkward adj. 尷尬的，為難的
10．rainbow n. 彩虹，虹
Ⅲ.拓展單詞(通其變)
1．minority n．少數(shù)民族；少數(shù)→minor adj.較小的；次要的→majority n．多數(shù)
2．diverse adj.完全不同的；各不相同的→diversity n．多樣性；多元化
3．varied adj.各種各樣的；形形色色的→vary v．改變；不同→various adj.各種各樣的；種種的→variety n．種類(lèi)；品種
4．custom n．風(fēng)俗，習(xí)慣，傳統(tǒng)→customer n．顧客→customs n．海關(guān)；關(guān)稅
5．a(chǎn)pparently adv.看起來(lái)；顯然→apparent adj.顯然的；明顯的
6．foolish adj.愚蠢的，傻的→fool n．傻子v.欺騙
7．fold v．折疊，對(duì)折→unfold v．展開(kāi)
8．a(chǎn)djust v．(使)適應(yīng)；調(diào)節(jié)→adjustment n．適應(yīng)；調(diào)整→adjustable adj.可調(diào)節(jié)的
9．furnish v．為(房屋或房間)配備家具→furniture n．家具
10．gatherer n．采集者→gather v．采集
[語(yǔ)境活用]
1．The desks and chairs are adjustable and you can adjust them to the height of the students.The adjustment is not difficult to make.(adjust)
2．There are various goods in the new supermarket, and the prices vary from cents to dollars.The variety of them attracts many customers.(vary)
3．There are 55 minorities in our country and there are some minor differences between them.(minority)
4．People from diverse cultures hold different understanding on the play and this diversity of opinions makes it hard to reach an agreement at the meeting.(diverse)
5．When you serve customers from different countries, you should first of all know about their customs.(custom)
6．The young couple didn't have much money to buy some new furniture any more, because they had spent too much in furnishing their house.(furnish)

(二)練中記短語(yǔ)——記牢用活
寫(xiě)準(zhǔn)記牢
語(yǔ)境活用(選用左欄短語(yǔ)填空)
1.in_use　　　　　　　　在使用
2．come_across (偶然)遇見(jiàn)；碰見(jiàn)
3．make_up 編造；虛構(gòu)；化妝；組成；和好
4．put_sb.up 讓某人留宿；讓某人過(guò)夜
5．pick_up 拿起；撿起
6．have_a_population_of 有……人口
7．in_the_distance 在遠(yuǎn)處
8．set_off 出發(fā)，動(dòng)身；啟程
9．pull_out 拿出；掏出；慢慢駛出
10．a(chǎn)djust_to 適應(yīng)；調(diào)整
1.If we couldn't find a place to stay, my friend said he would put__us__up for a few nights.
2．When a child is studying abroad, he must learn to adjust_to living on his own.
3．Dear schoolmates, a year's plan lies in spring.In the new term, let's set_off to the new goal!
4．The teacher asked his students to make_up a poem about their childhood.
5．Seriously damaged by the heavy flood, the bridge is no longer in_use.
6．When walking down the street, I came_across David, who I hadn't seen for years.

(三)仿寫(xiě)明句式——以用為本
教材原句
句式解讀
句式仿寫(xiě)
1.The old town is on the side of a mountain and opposite it is the 5,500 metre Yulong Xueshan Mountain，its peak covered with snow.
古城依山而建，對(duì)面是海拔5 500米的玉龍雪山，山峰被積雪覆蓋。
“名詞＋過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)。
所有的票賣(mài)完了，我們只好等著看下場(chǎng)演出。
All_tickets_sold_out,_we had to wait for the next show.
2.The sky is clear blue and I don't think I've ever seen anything else so beautiful in my life.
這里的天空碧藍(lán)如洗，我想我一生中從未見(jiàn)過(guò)這么美的景色。
“否定式＋ever＋so/such＋adj.”結(jié)構(gòu)表示最高級(jí)。
我認(rèn)為我從沒(méi)看過(guò)這么驚險(xiǎn)的電影。
I don't_think_I've_ever_seen so thrilling a movie.
3.However different we may appear to be at first, we are all the same, all equal.
無(wú)論起初我們看上去有多么不同，然而我們本質(zhì)上是一樣的，每個(gè)人都是平等的。
however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
(2017·北京高考書(shū)面表達(dá))在畢業(yè)典禮上，盡管這段視頻短了點(diǎn)，但是它受到了我們校友的熱烈歡迎。
On the graduation ceremony, however_short_the_video_was,_ it received a warm welcome among our fellow schoolmates.

二、課堂重點(diǎn)深化　

1．minority n．少數(shù)民族；少數(shù)
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Some minority (minor) languages are losing their identities because of the invasion of more popular spoken ones.
②But even though some British people are quite strange, the majority of them are (be) really friendly and I've made some good friends.
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)a/the minority of　　　　　　　 少數(shù)的
be in the/a minority 占少數(shù)
(2)majority n. 多數(shù)，多半
be in the/a majority 占多數(shù)
a/the majority of ……的大多數(shù)
[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫(xiě)
③盡管多數(shù)人都有夢(mèng)想，可是只有少數(shù)人能像這個(gè)小男孩那樣把夢(mèng)想變成現(xiàn)實(shí)。
Although most people have dreams, only_the_minority_of_them can make their dreams a reality like the little boy.
[名師指津]　minority/majority作主語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；強(qiáng)調(diào)群體中的每一個(gè)個(gè)體時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；the minority/majority of＋n.作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與of后的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)相一致。
2．run v．控制；管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)；跑；提供，開(kāi)設(shè)(課程等); 開(kāi)動(dòng)(機(jī)器等)；(使)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；褪色
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
寫(xiě)出下列句中run的含義
①Run your dishwasher only when it is full.開(kāi)動(dòng)
②The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.提供，開(kāi)設(shè)
③My father ran a camera store to earn money when he was in his twenties.經(jīng)營(yíng)
④Always keep in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.
運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)
單句語(yǔ)法填空
⑤Tears ran down my cheeks as I saw my beautiful rainbow turn into black cement.
⑥As high school students, we will run into one difficulty after another in the process of learning.
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
run into　　　　　　　　　　　 遇到；陷入
run down 流下來(lái)
run after 追趕
run over 碾過(guò)
run for 競(jìng)選
in the long run 從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫(xiě)
⑦從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，經(jīng)常鍛煉對(duì)我們的健康非常有益。
In_the_long_run,_taking_exercise_regularly_is_greatly_beneficial_to_our_health.
僻義牢牢記
⑧The T-shirt ran and made all my other clothes pink.褪色
3．a(chǎn)djust v．適應(yīng)，使適應(yīng)；調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①They should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users.
②Some schools will have to make adjustments (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.
③Mother was worried about whether she could adjust to living (live) in the mountainous village alone.
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)adjust to ...　　　　　　 適應(yīng)于……(to為介詞)
adjust ...to ... 調(diào)整……以適應(yīng)……
(2)adjustment n. 調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)；適應(yīng)
make adjustments/an adjustment to ... 對(duì)……進(jìn)行調(diào)整/改革
(3)adjustable adj. 可調(diào)節(jié)的
[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫(xiě)
④我已經(jīng)決定我要努力讓自己適應(yīng)高中生活。
I have decided that I will_try_to_adjust_myself_to_my_high_school_life.

1．in use在使用
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Computers first came into use in the early 1950s.
②Many people think that water will never be used up because there are many rivers and lakes.
③In twenty years there will be fewer cars in use than there are today.
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)it's no use doing ...　　　　　　 做……沒(méi)用
make use of 利用/使用
come into use 開(kāi)始使用
(2)use up 用完；用光
[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫(xiě)
④老師一直在訓(xùn)練我們使用參考書(shū)。
The teacher has been training us to_make_use_of reference books.
2．set off出發(fā)，動(dòng)身；引起，引發(fā)；使……爆炸；拉響
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
寫(xiě)出下列句中set off的含義
①Having said goodbye to their friends, they set off for home.出發(fā)；動(dòng)身
②(2018·天津高考)If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.拉響
③Hong Kong's stock market fell, setting off a global financial crisis.引起
④On New Year's Eve, we set off many fireworks, which made the children excited.使……爆炸
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
set aside 　　　　　　　　 抽出；把……放在一邊
set down 記下；登記
set up 建立，創(chuàng)立，創(chuàng)辦；安排某事
set out 出發(fā)，動(dòng)身；闡述，描述
set about 開(kāi)始做；著手
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
易錯(cuò)對(duì)對(duì)碰(set out/set about)
⑤As soon as she got home, my mother set__about preparing lunch.
⑥Can you set_out the chairs as shown in the plan?
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫(xiě)
⑦我不知學(xué)校是否能多放一些垃圾桶并制定反對(duì)這種行為的特別規(guī)定。
I wonder if the school could place more dustbins around and set_up_specific_rules_against such behaviour.
3．“否定詞＋ever＋so＋adj.”表示最高級(jí)
　[教材原句]　The sky is clear blue and I don't_think_I've_ever_seen anything else so_beautiful in my life.
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
①I(mǎi) have never met such a kind-hearted person before.
②He studies harder (hard) than any other student in his class.
③How beautiful she sings! I have never heard a better (good) voice.
④—Must I turn off the gas after cooking?
—Of course.You can never_be_too_careful with that.
——做完飯后我必須關(guān)上煤氣嗎？
——當(dāng)然，在用煤氣方面越小心越好。
　[歸納點(diǎn)撥]
英語(yǔ)中可表示最高級(jí)意義的結(jié)構(gòu)還有：
(1)完成時(shí)＋never＋表示最高級(jí)
(2)比較級(jí)＋than＋表示最高級(jí)
否定詞＋比較級(jí)(＋than ...)沒(méi)有比……更……
never/not＋enough/too ...再……也不過(guò)分；越……越好
　[佳句背誦]
①(增分要點(diǎn)句)As a student, I can tell you that there is nothing better than being praised by teacher before classmates.
②(增分要點(diǎn)句)As far as I'm concerned, nothing is more important than hard study.

本單元語(yǔ)篇話題與新課程主題語(yǔ)境“人與社會(huì)”中的“不同民族文化習(xí)俗”子話題相對(duì)應(yīng)
一、話題語(yǔ)素積累多一點(diǎn)
話題詞匯記一記
子話題(一)　少數(shù)民族
溫故淺易詞匯
①branch　　②region?、踠ocal
④move ⑤forefather ⑥nationality
⑦h(yuǎn)ard-working ⑧minority ⑨t(yī)ourist
識(shí)記生疏詞匯
①M(fèi)anchu n．滿族?、贒ai n．傣族
③Korean n．朝鮮族 ④Uygur n．維吾爾族
⑤Mongolian n．蒙古族 ⑥constitute v．構(gòu)成
⑦distinctive adj.有特色的 ⑧dominate adj.占優(yōu)勢(shì)的
⑨wrestling n．摔跤 civilization n．文明

子話題(二)　服飾外貌
溫故淺易詞匯
①costumes　?、趕tyle　?、踤ecklace　?、躶ilver ⑤gold ⑥pearl ⑦jewellery ⑧suit
識(shí)記生疏詞匯
①earring n．耳環(huán)　　　②gown n．袍子
③affection n．喜愛(ài) ④mutual adj.相互的；彼此的
⑤plain adj.素的 ⑥elegant adj.淡雅的

子話題(三)　風(fēng)俗信仰
溫故淺易詞匯
①custom?、趂estival　③roast ④acid ⑤bacon ⑥legend
⑦celebrate ⑧wear ⑨bamboo ⑩fireplace ?share ?hug
識(shí)記生疏詞匯
①spicy adj.辛辣的?、趕ticky adj.粘的
③spray v．噴灑 ④pickle n．泡菜
⑤banquet n．宴席 ⑥Islam n．伊斯蘭教
⑦Buddhism n．佛教 ⑧salute n．敬禮
⑨residence n．住處 ⑩hospitable adj.盛情的

常用詞塊憶一憶
①on special occasions　　　　　　 在特殊場(chǎng)合
②attend a ceremony 出席儀式
③the opening ceremony 開(kāi)幕式
④cultural exchange 文化交流
⑤cultural background 文化背景
⑥cultural shock 文化沖擊
⑦cross-cultural communication 跨文化交流
⑧multicultural society 多元文化社會(huì)
⑨cultural diversity 文化多樣性
⑩cultural conflict 文化沖突
?varieties of sports 各種各樣的運(yùn)動(dòng)
?be good at singing and dancing 能歌善舞
?communicate with sb. 與某人交流
?with the help of 在……幫助下
?pay a visit to 參觀
寫(xiě)作佳句背一背
①I(mǎi)t is well-known to us all that our nation is made up of 56 ethnic groups, each with its unique traditional customs, costumes and cultures.
②The people there rely on farming, main crops being rice and beans.
③I'm glad that you have great passion to know about Chinese traditional festivals, especially the Dragon Boat Festival.
　二、“分步寫(xiě)作”表達(dá)準(zhǔn)一點(diǎn)
讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)情節(jié)發(fā)展合理化
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫(xiě)，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。
In the cold_and_plain living_room,_Matt is sitting in his chair. His eyes don't shine anymore. He looks extremely old and weak. Today is his birthday,_and he is by himself. The only thing that he has been doing all day is thinking about how sad and lonely his life is. As he was looking at some old pictures, he found one special with him and his friends from college. This picture brought back the days when he had friends and his life was full of happiness. Also, it brought him a sad memory. This memory happened forty years ago, during his last year of college.
Throughout college, Matt had a friend named Mark. Mark was tall and skinny. He wore thick glasses. He was shy, smart and responsible. Also, Mark didn't have as many friends as Matt had. He considered Matt as his best friend. As good friends, they knew everything about each other, and they hung out. Also, they overcame many problems together. They were really good friends.
On his twenty-fourth birthday their life changed. On the night before his birthday, Mark called Matt, “Hi! Matt，” his voice sounded strange. He continued, “I have an important project to work_on. I'm having some problem with this. Maybe, you could come over and help me with it giving me some new ideas. Could you？” Matt asked, “What time？” Mark kept in silence for a minute, and then he said, “At 8 p．m. Is it good for you？” Then Matt answered, “Ok! See you later.” On that night, it was Matt's birthday. So, he didn't want to spend his birthday helping Mark with his project. Matt went to a club with some other guys.
The next morning, Matt noticed that Mark was acting differently. When he went to talk to Mark, Mark ignored him completely. He left the classroom without saying one word. As Mark was walking away, Matt said in an angry voice, “You are selfish. You are just thinking about yourself. I was having fun on my birthday. Why can't you understand it？”
注意：1.所續(xù)寫(xiě)短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2．至少使用5個(gè)短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)；
3．續(xù)寫(xiě)部分分為兩段，每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫(xiě)好；
4．續(xù)寫(xiě)完成后，請(qǐng)用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)。
Paragraph 1：
While he was saying it, Mallory, one of his classmates and friends, stood up and started to say， 　
　
　　
　
　　
Paragraph 2：
Tears fell from his eyes.　
　
　　
　
　　
[寫(xiě)作步驟]
第一步：速讀全文
文本大意：本文是一篇記敘文。自私的Matt因?yàn)橹幌胫约旱纳斩鲆暳伺笥巡⒇?zé)備朋友，從而失去了朋友的信任，成為了一個(gè)沒(méi)有朋友的人。
敘述意圖：文章告訴我們要坦誠(chéng)對(duì)待朋友。
第二步：細(xì)讀全文
1．所給短文情景模式分析。
who
Matt, Mark
what
Matt didn't keep his promise when his friend turned to him for help. However, he thought his friend selfish.
when
during his last year of college
where
in the cold and plain living room
why
He didn't want to spend his birthday helping Mark with his project. When he went to talk to Mark, Mark ignored him completely.

2．對(duì)原文所提供的下劃線詞語(yǔ)進(jìn)行分類(lèi)。
★人物：friend, Mark
★事件：birthday, night, project
★地點(diǎn)： living room, classroom
★動(dòng)作與心理描寫(xiě)： call, work on, cold and plain
第三步：精心謀篇
1．Paragraph 1：While he was saying it, Mallory, one of his classmates and friends, stood up and started to say，
正當(dāng)他說(shuō)那件事的時(shí)候，他的一個(gè)同學(xué)兼朋友Mallory站了起來(lái)，開(kāi)始說(shuō)，
[情節(jié)分析]　根據(jù)提示句可知，本段應(yīng)描寫(xiě)通過(guò)Matt和Mallory的對(duì)話，Matt了解了事情的緣由：Mark給Matt準(zhǔn)備了一個(gè)生日聚會(huì)，但聯(lián)系不到 Matt；這些讓Matt的朋友很生氣，但Matt還責(zé)怪他的朋友。
Paragraph 2：Tears fell from his eyes. 淚水從他的眼中滑落。
[情節(jié)分析]　根據(jù)本段開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)的提示，要著重描寫(xiě)Matt 在朋友離開(kāi)后的心理活動(dòng)，使之與本文的開(kāi)頭相呼應(yīng)。Matt不知道該說(shuō)什么，也不知道該做什么來(lái)彌補(bǔ)過(guò)錯(cuò)，他的朋友都離開(kāi)了教室，教室就他獨(dú)自一人，就像他現(xiàn)在的客廳一樣。
第四步：初寫(xiě)成文
Paragraph 1：
1．你怎么能對(duì)Mark說(shuō)這種話？
How_can_you say so to Mark?
2．你不知道發(fā)生了什么事！
You don't know what_happened!
3．昨天晚上，他給你打了很多次電話，但是沒(méi)有得到你的任何答復(fù)。
Last night, he called_you many times, but he didn't get any answer from you.
4．他擔(dān)心你發(fā)生了什么問(wèn)題。
He worried about what_was_going_wrong_with you.
5．Matt開(kāi)始向Mallory道歉，并對(duì)自己說(shuō)：“他為什么要這樣做？他可以自己做他的項(xiàng)目，而且……”
Matt started to apologize to Mallory and to himself, saying, “Why did he do it? He could work_on_the_project by himself, and ...”
6．Mallory生氣地說(shuō)：“住嘴！”
Mallory spoke angrily, “Shut_up！”
7．他為你準(zhǔn)備了一個(gè)驚喜生日聚會(huì)，我們整晚都在等你或者你的電話。
He had prepared a_surprise_birthday_party for you, and we waited for you or for a call all night long.
Paragraph 2：
8．Matt不知道該說(shuō)什么，也不知道該做什么。
Matt didn't know what_he_should_say or what he should do.
9．他還沒(méi)來(lái)得及說(shuō)話，Mallory已經(jīng)離開(kāi)了教室。
Before_he_said_anything,_Mallory had left the classroom.
10．他坐下來(lái)，在那里待了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。
He sat down and stayed_there for a long time.
11．他環(huán)顧了一下教室。寒冷而普通的教室里沒(méi)有他的朋友。
He looked_around the classroom. It was cold and plain without his friends.
12．它是空的，就像他現(xiàn)在的客廳一樣。
It was empty, just_like_his_living_room now.
第五步：潤(rùn)色升級(jí)
1．用高級(jí)詞匯替換要點(diǎn)3中的get any answer from。
get any answer from→get_through_to
2．用“疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式”改寫(xiě)要點(diǎn)8。
Matt_didn't_know_what_to_say_or_what_to_do.
3．用定語(yǔ)從句改寫(xiě)要點(diǎn)11。
He_looked_around_the_classroom,_which_was_cold_and_plain_without_his_friends.
第六步：復(fù)查定稿
Paragraph 1：
While he was saying it, Mallory, one of his classmates and friends, stood up and started to say, “How can you say so to Mark? You don't know what happened! Last night, he called you many times, but he didn't get through to you. He worried about what was going wrong with you.” Matt started to apologize to Mallory and to himself, saying, “Why did he do it? He could work_on the project by himself, and ... ” At that time Mallory spoke angrily, “Shut up! He had prepared a surprise birthday party for you, and we waited for you or for a call all night long.”
Paragraph 2：
Tears fell from his eyes. Matt didn't know what to say or what to do. Before he said anything, Mallory had left the classroom. He sat down and stayed there for a long time. He looked around the classroom, which was cold_and_plain without his friends. It was empty, just like his living_room now.

Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)
1．Carelessness is apparently (顯然) bad because it always leads to failure.
2．When you go abroad for further study, you should learn to adapt to the customs (風(fēng)俗) of the destination country.
3．Some animals hibernate (冬眠) under snow, because there is much air in loose (疏松的) snow.
4．It was foolish (傻的) of him to refer to his note during that important test, and as a result, he got punished.
5．I don't think the chair is firm (穩(wěn)固的) enough to stand on.
6．I feel awkward (尷尬的) as everyone except me is in evening dress.
7．It took her a month to adjust (適應(yīng)) to the new life in senior high school.
8．The young man lay on the sofa with his arms folded (交叉) and soon fell asleep.
9．His study was furnished (配備) with an antique desk and chair.
10．English idioms are even difficult for native (本國(guó)的) English speakers, let alone Chinese.
Ⅱ.語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)法填空
1．This small town has ?a population of nearly 50,000, which is made ?up of 5 minorities, and ?apparently (apparent), their customs are also ?diverse (diversity), especially their clothes are ?varied/various (vary)．
2．My nephew has a lame leg, but he ?runs (run) many a garage ?where you can see many people pulling ?out their repaired cars.
3．With a rooster ?fastened (fasten) to his spade, the farmer sets ?off to the market to sell it, because he needs to buy a chair which can ?be_folded (fold) to carry when he goes ?fishing (fish)．
4．Could you pick ?up a tool from the bucket to help me to get in the crops? The weather forecast said there is a thunderstorm in ?the distance which is coming here.So we must adjust ?ourselves (us) to this situation.
Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子
1．實(shí)踐是最好的學(xué)習(xí)方法。(否定詞＋比較級(jí))
There's no_better_way_to_learn_than by doing.
2．吃完晚飯，我們開(kāi)始討論野餐的事。(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))
Supper_finished,_we started to discuss the picnic.
3．不管他有多忙，他每周都去看望他的父母一次。(however)
However_busy_he_is,_he visits his parents once a week.
Ⅳ.短文填空
(Ⅰ)根據(jù)提示填空
The Korean ethnic group is one of the 55 ethnic ?minorities (minority) in China.
They are ?mainly (main) in Changbai Mountain area which is near Korea to the Northeast of China.Most of them now ?live_in (住在) Jilin Province. Most people in the area speak Korean language, while some of them speak Chinese.They ?moved (move) there from Korea hundreds of years ago.They like ?wearing (wear) white clothes which stand for being pure and simple.People of the Korean ethnic group in China are fond of ?varieties (variety) of sports, such as ?wrestling (wrestle)and playing football.And also they ?are_all_good_at_singing_and_dancing (都能歌善舞)．What's ?more (much), they have over one thousand schools, of which Yanbian University is very famous.
The Korean ethnic group in China is a great and hard-working_ethnic_minority (勤勞的少數(shù)民族)．
(Ⅱ)片段選詞填空
local， celebrate， custom， costumes， nationality， forefather， traditional， communicate with， with the help of， dance to
There are about 120 families and three-fourths of them are Buyi ?nationality and one-fourth are Miao people.On January 10th every lunar year, the villagers hold ?traditional dancing activities to ?celebrate the New Year.Buyi and Miao villagers in their best ?costumes sing and ?dance_to the melodies from the Lusheng (蘆笙) and the bamboo flutes to celebrate their own traditional festival.Legends said once some robbers captured the Buyi ?forefather in the village.The villagers failed to rescue him by themselves and asked the ?local Miao people for help.The Miao people played the Lusheng and sang Miao songs to ?communicate_with him and the robbers couldn't understand them.?With_the_help_of the Miao people, the forefather was rescued.Since then, the local Buyi people have formed the ?custom of singing and dancing to appreciate the help from the Miao people. People sing and dance for three days for the festival each year.

一、復(fù)現(xiàn)單元考點(diǎn)——增強(qiáng)備考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的語(yǔ)法填空
1．(2018·天津高考)Nature seems to unfold (fold) to people who watch and wait.
2．(2018·北京高考)That way, you may adjust yourself to the life here in Beijing soon.
3．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened (fasten) on your belt.
4．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ) These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant diversity (diverse) in the park.
5．(2017·江蘇高考)The second principle is to loosen (loose) the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them.
6．(2016·浙江高考)I made friends with the natives (native), and their reaction amazed me.
7．(2016·浙江高考)The reunited lovers held each other's hands firmly (firm) and walked ahead together.
8．(2015·重慶高考)“You have a wonderful daughter，” she said, apparently (apparent) in tears.
9．(2010·廣東高考)They are barely (bare) in their twenties and are already multimillionaires.
10．(2009·江西高考)Hurriedly, they packed their belongings and set off in the direction of the river.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(選用adjust, run, firm填空)
1. (2016·北京高考完形填空)Balto put his nose to the ground, trying to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail.If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome.The minutes passed by.Suddenly, Balto began to __53__.He had found the trail.run
2．(2016·天津高考完形填空)From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didn't miss a single practice.She had a __26__ intention within herself to be the best she could be.firm
3．(2015·重慶高考)For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start __32__ your biological clock to the destination's time.adjusting
二、復(fù)現(xiàn)話題詞匯——提高閱讀準(zhǔn)度
新高考下的命題新視角：文化是民族的重要特征，是民族生命力、凝聚力和創(chuàng)造力的重要源泉。民族的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、語(yǔ)言文字和宗教信仰是在長(zhǎng)期的社會(huì)歷史發(fā)展中形成的，反映了一個(gè)民族的歷史傳統(tǒng)和心理感情。中國(guó)是個(gè)具有悠久歷史文化的國(guó)家，國(guó)家一直倡導(dǎo)繼承和發(fā)揚(yáng)民族傳統(tǒng)文化。高考也對(duì)此話題不斷涉及，我們應(yīng)給予關(guān)注和重視。
[話題感悟]
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) ——語(yǔ)篇復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯，活學(xué)活用記憶更深
( 加藍(lán)詞匯為本單元話題詞匯，讀文時(shí)請(qǐng)揣摩其用法)
(2018·浙江高考)[1]As cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young.The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line (裝配線) on September 27,1908.Only eleven cars were produced the next month.But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them.
[2]Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel.The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger.For most of the last century, the car represented what it meant to be American — going forward at high speed to find new worlds.The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history.
[3]In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with “a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage.” Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power.
[4]The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster.In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.
[5]The problems of excessive (過(guò)度的) energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L．Friedman.He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.
[6]Friedman points out that the green economy (經(jīng)濟(jì)) is a chance to keep American strength.“The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.”
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了美國(guó)經(jīng)典的“汽車(chē)文化”，它對(duì)美國(guó)各方面的影響是巨大而深遠(yuǎn)的。汽車(chē)把美國(guó)從一個(gè)以農(nóng)業(yè)為主的國(guó)家變成一個(gè)工業(yè)大國(guó)。但與此同時(shí)，汽車(chē)也帶來(lái)了很多環(huán)境問(wèn)題。
1．Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2?
A．To explain Americans' love for travelling by car.
B．To show the influence of cars on American culture.
C．To stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.
D．To praise the effectiveness of America's road system.
解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture ...even the hamburger.”可知，汽車(chē)塑造了某些最持久的美國(guó)文化，其中就包括漢堡。由此可知，汽車(chē)對(duì)于漢堡文化的形成，影響是非常大的。所以，在第二段中提及漢堡，就是為了展現(xiàn)汽車(chē)對(duì)于美國(guó)文化有相當(dāng)大的影響，甚至影響到了漢堡。故選B項(xiàng)。
2．What has the use of cars in America led to?
A．Decline of economy.
B．Environmental problems.
C．A shortage of oil supply.
D．A farm based society.
解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster.”可知，驅(qū)動(dòng)美國(guó)夢(mèng)的汽車(chē)導(dǎo)致了全球性的生態(tài)災(zāi)難，即汽車(chē)的使用引起了環(huán)境問(wèn)題。故選B項(xiàng)。
3．What is Friedman's attitude towards America's future?
A．Ambiguous.　　　　　　 B．Doubtful.
C．Hopeful. D．Tolerant.
解析：選C　觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Friedman points out that the green economy (經(jīng)濟(jì)) is a chance to keep American strength.”可知，F(xiàn)riedman 認(rèn)為綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)是使美國(guó)保持實(shí)力的一個(gè)機(jī)遇。由此可知，他對(duì)美國(guó)的未來(lái)充滿了希望。故選C項(xiàng)。
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) ——題后把脈規(guī)律，練后得法理解更透
推理判斷技法(12)——根據(jù)干擾項(xiàng)的4大特征解題
①與常識(shí)相吻合，但并不是從短文內(nèi)容推知的，不是基于文章，如上文第1題中的C項(xiàng)。
②看似從原文推斷出來(lái)的結(jié)論，然而實(shí)際上與原文不符，如上文第1題中的A項(xiàng)。
③偏離文章主題，屬主觀臆斷的結(jié)論，如上文第1題中的D項(xiàng)。
④簡(jiǎn)單重述短文內(nèi)容，而非推斷出來(lái)的結(jié)論，把直接表達(dá)當(dāng)作間接推理。

Ⅰ.閱讀理解
(2019·陜西高三質(zhì)檢)Culture shock occurs when people have been suddenly thrown into a new culture. Newcomers may be anxious because they don't speak the language. Neither do they know the customs nor understand the people's behavior in daily life.
Quite often the visitor finds that “yes” may not always mean “yes”， that friendliness does not necessarily mean friendship, or that statements that appear to be serious are really intended as jokes. The foreigners may be unsure as to when to shake hands, when to start conversations, or how to approach a stranger. The idea of culture shock helps explain the feelings of puzzlement and confusion.
Language problems do not account for all the setback that people feel. When one has lost everything that was once familiar, such as understanding a transportation system, knowing how to register for university classes, or knowing how to make friends, difficulties in coping with the new society may arise.
When an individual enters a strange culture, he or she feels like a fish out of water. Newcomers feel at times that they do not belong to the culture and feel deserted by the native members of the culture. When this happens, visitors may want to reject everything about the new environment and may glorify and sing their own praises of the positive aspects of their own culture. On the other side, more visitors may sneeze at their native country by rejecting its value and instead choosing to approve of the value of the new country. This may occur as an attempt to accept the new culture in order to be taken in by the people in it.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文，主要論述了文化沖擊發(fā)生的原因和結(jié)果，以及表現(xiàn)形式等。
1．What do people feel when they are abruptly in a new culture?
A．Excited.　　　　　　　 　B．Delighted.
C．Upset. D．Hopeless.
解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Newcomers may be anxious because they don't speak the language. Neither do they know the customs nor understand the people's behavior in daily life.”可知，由于語(yǔ)言不通、不了解當(dāng)?shù)氐娘L(fēng)俗、不理解當(dāng)?shù)厝巳粘Ｉ钪械男袨榱?xí)慣，新來(lái)者會(huì)感到焦慮、擔(dān)心。C項(xiàng)意為“心煩的；不安的”，符合語(yǔ)境。
2．We can infer from the second paragraph that________.
A．it's impossible to get used to a new culture
B．people feel confused due to culture shock
C．foreigners often don't mean what native people say
D．most foreigners are usually quite humorous
解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“The foreigners may be unsure ... the feelings of puzzlement and confusion.”可知，外地人可能不確定什么時(shí)候握手，什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始交談，或者如何接近陌生人，文化沖擊有助于解釋這種困惑與窘迫的感覺(jué)。據(jù)此可以推斷，由于文化沖擊，人們常常會(huì)感到困惑。
3．The biggest barrier people often meet with in a new country is________.
A．the language B．the transportation
C．the environment D．the puzzlement
解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Newcomers may be anxious because they don't speak the language.”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，在一個(gè)新的國(guó)家，人們遇到的最大問(wèn)題就是語(yǔ)言不通。
4．A few immigrants say no to everything of the new country because________.
A．they miss their native culture seriously
B．they know nothing about the culture
C．they can't enter the mainstream society
D．they really regret having immigrated
解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Newcomers feel at times that ... the positive aspects of their own culture.”可知，新來(lái)者有時(shí)覺(jué)得自己不屬于當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕X(jué)得自己被拋棄了，他們會(huì)拒絕一切有關(guān)新環(huán)境的東西，并稱贊他們自己的文化中積極的方面。據(jù)此可以推斷，由于對(duì)新文化一無(wú)所知，新來(lái)的一些移民常常會(huì)拒絕新國(guó)家中的一切。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
How to Cheer up Your Best Friend
Everyone feels down every once in a while, including your best friend. Maybe your best friend has recently experienced something that could make her or him feel sad. It is difficult to see a best friend feeling miserable. __1__.
Communication
There are cute ways to let your best friend know how important he or she is to you. You might consider sending a text you both find funny. __2__.
Gifts
A cute gift may be all he or she needs to cheer up. It doesn't have to be an expensive one, but if it is cute and holds a meaning between the two of you, it can go a long way. If he or she knows you are terrible at making arts and crafts, please go ahead and make him or her something. __3__. A bad attempt at an art and craft says a lot about how much you care. If you don't like to do arts and crafts, you could go out and find him or her something the two of you have always joked about buying and actually buy it for him or her.
__4__
If your best friend feels depressed, he or she may decide to stay locked up for days. Instead of letting him or her stay in, work to get him or her up and out of the house. Invite him or her to your house to play silly board games; take him or her to a surprise movie; or even walk out when you've eaten all the popcorn.
Music
Music is a powerful way to get your friend out of a bad mood. __5__. To make it cute, you can record yourself singing a track, or put a personalized message before each track to make him or her laugh.
A．It's the thought that counts
B．Invite him or her to a surprise movie
C．Get him or her out of the house
D．You could make him or her a mix of some of your favourite music
E．You might also call him or her voicemail and sing him a song you both like
F．However, there are many things you can do to cheer him or her up
G．Get personalized recommendations and add a new track to your list
語(yǔ)篇解讀：朋友某些時(shí)候會(huì)傷心難受，我們應(yīng)做什么來(lái)幫助他們呢？本文介紹了幾個(gè)讓朋友擺脫壞心情并開(kāi)心起來(lái)的辦法。
1．選F　根據(jù)下文介紹的幾個(gè)讓朋友振作起來(lái)的辦法，結(jié)合設(shè)空前的內(nèi)容“看見(jiàn)朋友心情不好很難受”可知選項(xiàng)F“然而，你可以做很多事情讓朋友振作起來(lái)”符合語(yǔ)境。
2．選E　本段標(biāo)題是Communication，又根據(jù)空前一句中的“sending a text”可知選項(xiàng)E中的“voicemail”與此呼應(yīng)。
3．選A　根據(jù)空后的內(nèi)容“how much you care”可知禮物不重要，最重要的是想法。故選項(xiàng)A正確。
4．選C　根據(jù)該段中的“get him or her up and out of the house”可知選項(xiàng)C中的“out of the house”與此呼應(yīng)。
5．選D　該段標(biāo)題是Music，故該空應(yīng)與music相關(guān)，故含有關(guān)鍵詞music的選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。
Ⅲ.概要寫(xiě)作
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫(xiě)一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。
Shyness is partly a result of genes a person has inherited (經(jīng)遺傳得到). It's also influenced by behaviors they've learned, the ways people have reacted to their shyness, and life experiences they've had. The examples other people set can also play a role in whether a person learns to be shy or not.If the parents of a shy child are overly cautious or overprotective, it can teach the child to back away from situations that might be uncomfortable or unfamiliar.
Many people want to reduce their shyness. But people who are naturally shy also have gifts that they might not appreciate in themselves. For example, because shy people may prefer listening to talking, they sometimes become really good listeners. People who are shy might also become sensitive to other people's feelings and emotions. Because of their sensitivity and listening skills, many people with a shy personality are especially caring toward others, and interested in how others feel. People often consider them the finest friends.
Overcoming shyness takes practice. People who are shy tend to give themselves fewer chances to practice social behaviors. It's no wonder that people who shy away from socializing don't feel as socially confident as people who are outgoing — they have less practice! The more you practice social behaviors, the easier they get, and the more natural they feel for you.
Take slow, steady steps forward. Going slow is OK. But be sure to go forward. Stepping back from any situations that might trigger you to feel shy can reinforce shyness and keep it at a level that's hard to get past. Build confidence by taking one small forward step at a time. Also, it's OK to feel awkward. Everyone does sometimes. People who are shy are often afraid to feel awkward or uncomfortable. But don't let that keep you from doing what you want. You might feel awkward asking your friend for help. That's perfectly natural. Whether your friend says “yes” or “no” is out of your control. But not asking at all means you'll never get the help. So go for it anyway!
參考范文：
Shyness has something to do with genes, behaviors and the ways people deal with it and so on. (要點(diǎn)1) Some people seek to get rid of it, while in fact it can also motivate such gifts as good listening and understanding in people. (要點(diǎn)2) However, overcoming shyness takes time and much practice. (要點(diǎn)3) So take slow, steady steps forward and build confidence step by step. (要點(diǎn)4)


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