Module 1 Small Talk




一、課前基礎(chǔ)自查
(一)分類記單詞——省時(shí)高效
Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(知其意)
1．yawn v．　　打呵欠
2．sigh v. 嘆氣，嘆息
3．immigration n. 移民
4．visa n. 簽證
5．reception n. 歡迎會；招待會
6．embassy n. 使館
7．firm n. 公司
8．outspoken adj. 直言不諱的，坦率的，不客氣的
9．motto n. 座右銘，格言
10．typist n. 打字員
11．mature adj. 成熟的
12．tease v. 戲弄，嘲弄，揶揄
13．contradict v. 反駁
14．pregnant adj. 懷孕的
15．a(chǎn)cquaintance n. 熟人
16．divorce n. 離婚，離異
17．a(chǎn)nniversary n. 周年紀(jì)念日
18．violate v. 騷擾，妨礙，侵犯
19.define v．解釋，給……下定義
20．circumstance n. 情形，情況
Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞(寫其形)
1．lack v. 缺乏，缺少
2．opportunity n. 機(jī)會
3．prize n. 獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金
4．tidy v. 使……整潔，整理
5．favour n. 恩惠，照顧
6．certain pron. 某些
7．reply n. 回答，答復(fù)，回信
8．shortcoming n. 缺點(diǎn)，短處
9．a(chǎn)wkward adj. 尷尬的
10．coincidence n. 巧合
11．customer n. 顧客，客戶
12．cautious adj. 謹(jǐn)慎的，慎重的，小心的
13．a(chǎn)nyhow adv. 不管怎么說，無論如何
14．interrupt v. 打斷
15．function n. 功能
16．purpose n. 目的
Ⅲ.拓展單詞(通其變)
1．informal adj.非正式的→formal adj.正式的
2．serious adj.嚴(yán)肅的→seriously adv.嚴(yán)肅地
3．confidently adv.自信地→confident adj.自信的→confidence n．信心；自信
4．a(chǎn)dvance adj.預(yù)先的，在前的n.前進(jìn) v．前進(jìn)；提前→advanced adj.先進(jìn)的；高級的
5．a(chǎn)pplication n．申請→apply v．申請；應(yīng)用
6．impolite adj.不禮貌的→impolitely adv.不禮貌地→polite adj.禮貌的
7．a(chǎn)bsence n．缺乏，不存在→absent adj.缺席的，不在場的；缺少的，缺乏的
8．a(chǎn)pology n．道歉，致歉→apologise v．道歉
9．messy adj.棘手的，難辦的→mess n．混亂的局面
10．modest adj.謙虛的，謙遜的→modesty n．謙虛；謙遜
11．successful adj.成功的→success n．成功→succeed vi.成功；繼承，接替
12．imagine v．想象→imagination n．想象，想象力→imaginary adj.想象中的，假想的，虛構(gòu)的→imaginative adj.富有想象力的
[語境活用]
1．It's impolite for you to speak to your parents impolitely in public. On the contrary, it's polite to talk to them gently. (polite)
2．We did wrong to him. I have apologised to him and you should make an apology too.(apology)
3．He succeeded his father as manager of the company. Soon their business became very successful. Lots of people wanted to know the secret of his success. (success)
4．Tom used to be confident about his future. He once said confidently that he would go to a key college. But his confidence was almost shaken by the failure in the final examination. (confident)
5．I have never seen my grandmother but I always imagine her as a kind, old lady. My mother told me that she was a writer with great imagination and wrote several imaginary novels. (imagine)

(二)練中記短語——記牢用活
寫準(zhǔn)記牢
語境活用(選用左欄短語填空)
1.make_friends　交朋友，建立友誼
2．(be)_nervous_about 對……神經(jīng)緊張/害怕/膽怯/焦慮不安
3．think_of 想起，回憶起
4．look_away_from 把目光從……移開
5．in_addition 除此之外，另外
6．find_out 了解(到)；找出(信息)
7．a(chǎn)s_a_consequence 因此，結(jié)果
8．cheer_sb._up 使某人高興/振作起來
9．leave_out 省去，刪去，漏掉
10．(be)_aware_of 知道　
11．take_the_lead 帶頭，領(lǐng)先
12．show_off 炫耀
1.Many people thought highly of what he said, but personally, I thought he just showed himself off.
2．He left_out very important information in his report. That was why he was criticized by his boss.
3．He withdrew from political life and as_a_consequence he was soon forgotten.
4．Mountain climbing must be very tiring. In_addition,_you might feel sick with the air getting thinner.
5．When I meet with difficulties, her eyes will encourage me and help cheer_me_up.
6．I think_of the happy time we spent together every time I go back to my hometown.

(三)仿寫明句式——以用為本
教材原句
句式解讀
句式仿寫
1.Talk to a man about himself, and he will speak to you for hours!
和一個(gè)人談?wù)撍约海麜湍阏f上幾個(gè)小時(shí)。
“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”句型。
當(dāng)你完成它以后就打電話給我，我就會來你工作的地方接你。
Call_me_when_you_get_it_through,_and I'll pick you up at your work place.
2.Her motto was “Every time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it.”
她的“座右銘”是“每當(dāng)我張口，就會講錯(cuò)話?！?br /> every time引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。
每次我看到這張照片時(shí)，我總想起在大學(xué)的美好時(shí)光。
Every_time_I_see_the_photo,_I always think of the wonderful time in university.
3.It is estimated that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk.
據(jù)估計(jì)80%的英語會話是閑聊。
it作形式主語，真正主語為后面 that 引導(dǎo)的從句。
(2017·北京高考書面表達(dá))眾所周知，長江是亞洲最長的河流，擁有許多景點(diǎn)。
It's_widely_known_that the Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and has so many scenic spots.

二、課堂重點(diǎn)深化

1. lack v．& n．缺乏，缺少
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語法填空
①For lack of confidence, she is lacking (lack) in skills of communicating.
②While college graduates complain of a lack of available jobs, factories are facing difficulties in hiring workers.
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)lack sth.　　　　　　　 缺乏/少某物
(2)(a) lack of ... 缺乏/少……
for lack of ... 因缺乏……
(3)lacking adj. 缺少的，不足的
be lacking in 缺少(品質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)等)；在……方面缺乏
[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
③由于缺少空間，在大城市已經(jīng)修建了越來越多的高樓。
More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities for_lack_of_space.
2．a(chǎn)dvance adj.預(yù)先的，在前的 v．前進(jìn)，進(jìn)展；促進(jìn)；提前 n．前進(jìn)，進(jìn)展，進(jìn)步；增長
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
寫出下列句中advance的詞性和含義
①The inspections were supposed to be a surprise, but keepers sometimes had advance notice.adj.預(yù)先的
②There have been great advances in medicine in the last ten years.n.進(jìn)展，進(jìn)步
③This will further advance the friendly relations between the two countries. v．促進(jìn)
④The date of the meeting has been advanced from Friday to Monday. v．提前
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)in advance＝ahead of time　 提前
in advance of 比……進(jìn)步；在……之前
make advances in 在……方面取得進(jìn)展
(2)advanced adj. 高級的；進(jìn)步的；先進(jìn)的
[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
⑤(2017·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))此外，我建議你到書店買一本歷史書，提前了解一下唐朝的歷史，這可能有助于你更好地理解將要學(xué)習(xí)的唐詩。
Besides, I advise you to go to the bookstore to buy a history book and learn_the_history_of_the_Tang_Dynasty_in_advance,_which can help you better understand the poems to be learned.
3. absence n．缺乏，不存在
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語法填空
①In the absence of proof, the police could not take action against the man.
②What made the teacher angry was his absence from school yesterday without permission.
補(bǔ)全句子
③I will go on a business trip tomorrow. Mark will be in charge of the company in/during_my_absence.
我明天要出差，我不在時(shí)由馬克負(fù)責(zé)這個(gè)公司。
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1) absence from 　　　　　缺席；不在
in the absence of 由于缺乏；(人)不在，缺席； (物)不存在，缺少
in/during one's absence 在某人不在時(shí)，在某人缺席時(shí)
(2)absent adj. 缺席的，不在的(作后置定語)
be absent from 缺席；不在
[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫(一句多譯)
很長時(shí)間沒有上學(xué)后，我的老師和同學(xué)們都幫助我補(bǔ)習(xí)功課。
④My teachers and classmates helped me with the lessons after my_long_absence_from school. (absence)
⑤My teachers and classmates helped me with the lessons after I_had_been_absent from_school_for_a_long_time. (absent)
4．a(chǎn)pology n．道歉，致歉
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語法填空
①I owe you an apology for what I said this morning. Anyhow I mean no offence.
②She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on the top floor.
補(bǔ)全句子
③If you are really wrong, you should make_an_apology_to_your_roommate. (apology)
如果你真的錯(cuò)了，你應(yīng)該向你的室友道歉。
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)make an apology to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而向某人道歉
accept/refuse one's apology 接受/拒絕某人的道歉
owe sb. an apology 應(yīng)向某人道歉
(2)apologise v. 道歉
apologise to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而向某人道歉
[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
④我衷心希望你能接受我的道歉并理解我。
I sincerely hope you can accept_my_apologies and understand me.　
5．imagine v．想象
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語法填空
①Sometimes, imagination (imagine) is more important than knowledge during our studies.
②We all imagine her as a talented dancer.
補(bǔ)全句子
③The scenery of nature there is so beautiful that it's beyond_imagination. 　
那兒的自然風(fēng)光真的是太美了，美得讓人難以想象。
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)imagine (sb./sb.'s) doing sth. 想象(某人)做某事
imagine sb./sth. as/to be ... 把某人/物想象成……
imagine＋從句 想象……
(2)imagination n. 想象；想象力
beyond imagination 超乎想象
[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
④我經(jīng)常想象未來我的生活會是什么樣子。
I often imagine_what_my_life_will_be_like in the future.

1．in addition 除此之外，另外；此外
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語法填空
①(2016·四川高考)In addition, I can see different kinds of beautiful birds.
②(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)Working out in the morning provides additional (addition) benefits beyond being physically fit.
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)in addition＝besides/furthermore/what's more 　另外，而且
in addition to＝besides/apart from/as well as 除……之外還……
(2)additional adj. 額外的，附加的
[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
③(2017·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))此外，許多作品將會在這個(gè)剪紙展上展出。
In_addition,_many works will be displayed in the paper-cutting exhibition.
2．leave out省去，刪去；漏掉；忽視，冷落；忽略，不考慮
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
寫出下列句中l(wèi)eave out的含義
①All the others seemed to know each other and I began to feel left out.忽視，冷落
②You can leave out the parts of the story that are not interesting.省去，刪去
③He didn't say anything that was false, but he left out important information on purpose.漏掉
④We left out the possibility of his coming to the party.不考慮，忽略
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
leave for　　　　　　　　 動身去……
leave behind 遺留，遺忘；使落后
leave ... alone 不打擾，別管
leave ... aside 暫時(shí)不予考慮，暫時(shí)擱在一邊
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
單句語法填空
⑤When you go camping, please do not leave behind any trash.
⑥Leave religious factors aside,_it is actually a social problem.
⑦She wants to think things out quietly, so we had better leave her alone.
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
⑧如果你能幫我看一下英語作文并檢查一下我是否遺漏了一些信息，我將不勝感激。
I'd appreciate it if you could help me look through the English composition to check whether I have left_out_some_information.
3．show off炫耀；賣弄
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語法填空
①All the collections will be on show from June 16 to 18 in the gym.
②When they showed up for their Sunday game, they were completely different.
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
show up　　　　　　　　　 暴露，顯露；出現(xiàn)，露面
show sb. in/out 帶某人進(jìn)來/出去
show sb. around 帶領(lǐng)某人參觀某地
on show 在展出
[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
③下午，我將帶你參觀海河。
In the afternoon, I will show_you_around the Haihe River.
4．every time引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句
[教材原句]　Her motto was “Every_time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it.”
[自主體驗(yàn)]
①“Every/Each_time_you_eat_a_sweet,_drink green tea.” This is what my mother used to tell me.
我媽媽過去常常告訴我“每次吃糖果時(shí)，喝杯綠茶”。
②(2016·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the_last_time_you_visited_our_school.
我記得上次你參觀我們學(xué)校時(shí)給我看了一些有關(guān)那個(gè)主題的照片。
③I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice immediately/instantly/directly I_picked_up_the_phone.
我對他太熟悉了，一拿起電話就聽出了他的聲音。
　[歸納點(diǎn)撥]
用法規(guī)則
(1)every time/each time引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“每當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。
(2)the first time/(the) next time/the last time引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“第一次/下次/上次(最后一次)……時(shí)”。
(3)the minute/moment/instant引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“一……就……”。
(4)immediately/instantly/directly引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“一……就……”。
注意事項(xiàng)
the first time用作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“第一次……時(shí)”；for the first time是介詞短語，只能用作狀語，意為“第一次”。

　[佳句背誦]
①(精彩開頭句)Every time I look at the picture, I always think of my childhood.
②(增分要點(diǎn)句)The first time I interviewed him, he looked a bit nervous.
5．It is＋過去分詞＋that從句
　[教材原句]　It_is_estimated_that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk.
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
①(2015·安徽高考)It_is_reported_that a space station will be built on the moon in years to come.
據(jù)報(bào)道，一座空間站將在未來的幾年內(nèi)在月球上被建成。
②It's_known_to_all_that “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
眾所周知，“有志者，事竟成?！?br /> ③It_is_suggested_that all the people who will join in picking apples should wear a hat and a pair of gloves.
人們建議參加這次采摘蘋果的所有人都要戴一頂帽子和一副手套。
[歸納點(diǎn)撥]
用法規(guī)則
“It is＋過去分詞＋that ...”結(jié)構(gòu)常見的還有：
It is said that ... 　　據(jù)說……
It is reported that ... 據(jù)報(bào)道……
It is known to all that ... 眾所周知……
It is hoped that ... 人們希望……
It is thought that ... 人們認(rèn)為……
It is suggested that ... 人們建議……
It is believed that ... 人們相信/認(rèn)為……
注意事項(xiàng)
此句式可轉(zhuǎn)化為含有as引導(dǎo)定語從句的復(fù)合句，也可轉(zhuǎn)化為“sb./sth. is＋過去分詞＋to do/to have done ...”句型。

　[佳句背誦]
①(精彩開頭句)It is reported that the weather there is very hot and dry, which is very different from that of your country.
②(精彩開頭句)As is known to all, with the improvement of people's living standards, cars have become a popular means of transport.
③(增分要點(diǎn)句)Tiring as it might be, the military training is believed to be the best opportunity to make lifelong friends.



本單元語篇話題與新課程主題語境“人與社會”中的“社會交往”子話題相對應(yīng)
一、話題語素積累多一點(diǎn)
話題詞匯記一記
子話題(一)　問候、介紹
溫故淺易詞匯
①greet　②introduce?、踚nvite ④topic ⑤interest ⑥discuss
識記生疏詞匯
①conversation n．會話?、趓egards n．問候，致意
③response n．回復(fù) ④respects n．敬意
⑤relation n．關(guān)系 ⑥companion n．同伴
⑦acquaintance n．熟人 ⑧accompany vt.陪伴

子話題(二)　情感交流
溫故淺易詞匯
①praise　　　?、趖hank　　　?、踓omplain
④excuse ⑤apologize ⑥appreciate
⑦proud
識記生疏詞匯
①criticize v．批評　　②blame v．責(zé)備
③admire v．欽佩 ④acknowledge v．答謝
⑤forgive v．原諒；寬恕 ⑥guilty adj.內(nèi)疚的
⑦considerate adj.體貼的 ⑧merciful adj.仁慈的
⑨respectful adj.尊敬的 ⑩harmonious adj.和諧的

常用詞塊憶一憶
①small talk　　　　　　　　　　　 閑聊
②have a conversation 交談
③have a talk with 與……交談
④make friends 交朋友
⑤have good communication with 與……溝通良好
⑥body language 肢體語言
⑦social rules 社會規(guī)則
⑧social skills 社交技能
⑨better listener 更好的傾聽者
⑩find a balance 找到平衡
?be concerned about 關(guān)心
?ease one's mind 放松思緒
?show respect for 對……表示尊敬
?embarrassing experiences 尷尬的經(jīng)歷
?ring up 給……打電話
?get through 接通(電話)
?hang on 稍等
?hang up 掛斷電話
?see sb.off 為某人送行
?wave goodbye to sb. 與某人揮手告別
寫作佳句背一背
①We are expected to say “Thanks” when people help us, and make an apology with “Sorry”．
②I hope we can stay in touch with each other so that we can communicate with each other.
　二、“分步寫作”表達(dá)準(zhǔn)一點(diǎn)
話題應(yīng)用文分步寫作

假定你是李華，收到英國朋友Alice的郵件，以下是郵件內(nèi)容：
Dear Li Hua，
How are you doing these days? I'm having some problems and would like to get your advice.
My parents want me to spend my summer with them this year but I would prefer to go somewhere with my friends. I love my parents but sometimes they are overprotective. I feel that I am old enough and responsible enough to
go away without their supervision (照看)．
Any suggestions you could give me about this issue would be greatly appreciated.
Yours，
Alice
請給Alice回一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
1．感謝她的信任；　2.回應(yīng)她的請求；　3.說明你的理由。
注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右；
2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。　　　

第一步：句寫對——給詞寫句

agree with, be concerned about, ease one's mind, experience, have a talk with, make a detailed plan, in advance, show respect for　　
1．很高興收到你的郵件。
It's_my_pleasure_to_receive_your_e-mail.
2．你的父母不同意你的想法。
Your_parents_don't_agree_with_you.
3．他們擔(dān)心你的安全。
They_are_concerned_about_your_safety.
4．對于青少年來說和朋友一起去某個(gè)地方是個(gè)好主意。
It's_a_good_idea_for_teenagers_to_go_somewhere_with_friends.
5．旅行不僅有助于我們放松心情而且可以結(jié)交新朋友并體驗(yàn)新的文化。
Traveling_helps_us_ease_our_mind,_make_new_friends_and_experience_new_culture.
6．你應(yīng)該和父母談一談。
You_should_have_a_talk_with_your_parents.
7．你最好事先為你的旅行做一個(gè)詳細(xì)的計(jì)劃。
You'd_better_make_a_detailed_plan_for_your_travel_in_advance.
8．你應(yīng)該尊重他們。
You_should_show_respect_for_them.
9．祝你暑假愉快。
I_wish_you_a_pleasant_summer_vacation.
第二步：量寫夠——語句擴(kuò)充
10．在第1句后加入分詞短語“征求我的建議”作定語。
It's_my_pleasure_to_receive_your_e-mail_asking_for_my_advice.
11．在第6句后加入分詞短語“盡力說服他們你的年齡足以正確地處理事情”。
You_should_have_a_talk_with_your_parents,_trying_to_persuade_them_you_are_old_enough_to_manage_things_properly.
12．在第7句前加入狀語從句“如果他們同意”，在第7句后加入介詞短語“包括你的目的地和交通工具”。
If_they_agree,_you'd_better_make_a_detailed_plan_for_your_travel_in_advance_including_your_destination_and_your_means_of_transportation.
13．在第8句前加入狀語從句“如果他們不同意”。
If_they_don't_agree,_you_should_show_respect_for_them.
第三步：語寫美——詞句升格
1．用the reason why ... is that ...句式合并第2句和第3句。
The_reason_why_your_parents__don't_agree_with_you_is_that_they_are_concerned_about_your_safety.
2．用for引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句合并第4句和第5句。
It's_a_good_idea_for_teenagers_to_go_somewhere_with_friends,_for_traveling_helps_us_ease_our_mind,_make_new_friends_and_experience_new_culture.
3．用if省略句改寫第13句。
If_not,_you_should_show_respect_for_them.
第四步：篇連順——銜接成文
根據(jù)語句間的邏輯關(guān)系，可添加in my view， first， second， anyway做好文章的銜接過渡。并用“Here are my tips for you.”引出建議。
Dear_Alice，
It's_my_pleasure_to_receive_your_e-mail_asking_for_my_advice._The_reason_why_your_parents__don't_agree_with_you_is_that_they_are_concerned_about_your_safety.
In_my_view,_it's_a_good_idea_for_teenagers_to_go_somewhere_with_friends,_for_traveling_helps_us_ease_our_mind,_make_new_friends_and_experience_new_culture._Here_are_my_tips_for_you._First,_you_should_have_a_talk_with_your_parents,_trying_to_persuade_them_you_are_old_enough_to_manage_things_properly._Second,_if_they_agree,_you'd_better_make_a_detailed_plan_for_your_travel_in_advance_including_your_destination_and_your_means_of_transportation._If_not,_you_should_show_respect_for_them.
Anyway,_I_wish_you_a_pleasant_summer_vacation.
Yours，
Li_Hua

Ⅰ.單詞拼寫
1．(2018·浙江高考)Looking forward to your reply (答復(fù)) at your convenience.
2．(2018·江蘇高考)Nowadays, most commodities or services are rated through certain (某些) channels.
3．The purpose (目的) of my writing is to tell you that there will be an outgoing for us these days.
4．I finally came out of the contest as the first prize (獎(jiǎng)) winner.　
5．In the past few months, I've made good preparations and felt pretty confident (自信的)．
6．However, what amazes you most is the following new function (功能).
7．It is difficult for us to imagine (想象) what life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
8．We have been very successful (成功的) in attracting young graduates to the company.
9．I hope this opportunity (機(jī)會) will not only make you happy, but also satisfy your interest in Chinese operas.
10．If you're late, you should apologise (道歉) to the host either immediately or later.
Ⅱ.語境語法填空
1．Though ?lacking (lack) money and support from his family, he managed to complete the task ?in advance, which I think is due to his strong ?confidence (confident) and determination.
2．Could you do me ?a favour to check my ?application (apply) form? I want to guarantee not to leave ?out any important information.
3．He was a ?successful (success) figure in the field, but he was very ?modest (modesty) and never liked showing ?off.
4．Although the conversation was ?informal (formal), you should have attended it on time. I think you should make an ?apology (apologise) for your ?absence (absent).
5．He was very cautious ?about the job interview, because he was aware ?of the fact that certain ?opportunities (opportunity), once lost, can never return.
Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子
1．(2017·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))我希望你能夠抓住這個(gè)機(jī)會進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)中國傳統(tǒng)文化。(opportunity)
I wish that you_could_grasp_this_opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further.
2．為了趕上早班飛機(jī)，我們提前訂了出租車，而且起床很早。(advance)
To catch the early flight, we ordered_a_taxi_in_advance and got up very early.
3．每當(dāng)我看到它，就禁不住想起我的朋友。(think of)
Whenever I look at it, I couldn't help thinking_of_my_friend.
4．眾所周知，中國高考每年在6月舉行。(it is＋過去分詞＋that從句)
It's_widely_known_that the College Entrance Examination in China falls in June each year.
5．每次我在公園里看到這位老人時(shí)，他都在專注地看報(bào)紙。(every time)
Every_time_I_see_the_old_man_in_the_park,_he is absorbed in reading papers.
Ⅳ.短文填空
(Ⅰ)根據(jù)提示填空
Here are some ways to start talking.
Find common ground. Anything that the person can relate to and that establishes a connection can ?be_considered (consider) connection ground, such as weather.
Involve the other person. Now that you ?have_established (establish) common ground, it's time ?to_involve (involve) the other person and get him talking by asking him to reveal some information about himself. Don't ask anything too ?personal (person), like asking about the person's health, religion, or ?political_views (政治觀點(diǎn)). Just keep it light and fun and ask open-ended questions about the person's interest, jobs, or ?surroundings (surrounding)．
Follow up with a question or a statement. The person's response will influence whether you follow up with a question, a statement, or a joke. Try to ?find_a_balance (找到一個(gè)平衡) between questions and statements. Too many questions will make the person feel like he's being interrogated (質(zhì)問), and too many statements won't give the person room ?to_talk (talk)．
Take the time to listen. Really listening to things that the person says can make the speaker feel ?pleased (please) and like to speak more. It also helps you find new common ground and guide the conversation in a more fun or productive direction (direct)．
(Ⅱ)片段選詞填空
social skills， lack the confidence， have good communication with， make friends with， have a conversation，embarrassing experiences， nervous， better listener， social rules， body language
In your daily life, you often have such ?embarrassing_experiences — you try to avoid talking to someone you recognise when crossing the road; you can't talk confidently in the face of all the guests at a party, and also, you ?lack_the_confidence to talk to others though you are eager to ?make_friends_with people. In a word, you feel ?nervous when you are at a social event. You needn't worry about situations like these if you have good ?social_skills. And they are easy to learn. People with good social skills can ?have_good_communication_with others and know how to ?have_a_conversation. Here are a few ideas to help you.
▲Make good use of small talk in your conversations, but be careful of what topics are suitable.
▲Try to be a ?better_listener with positive answers and ?body_language. Always remember the words of Benjamin Disraeli, “Talk to a man about himself, and he will speak to you for hours！”
▲Try to find out social_rules when you go to another country.

一、復(fù)現(xiàn)單元考點(diǎn)——增強(qiáng)備考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的語法填空
1．(2016·全國卷Ⅰ)I want to tell you something about my plan for the summer vacation and I'd like you to do me a favour.　
2．(2015·北京高考)Thanks to the advanced (advance) technology, we live in an age of bettered communication.
3．(2014·重慶高考) I knew it needed repairs badly, but it hurt me so much just to think of it.
4．(2013·福建高考)Only in this way can they grow up to be independent and become truly successful (success)．
5．(2013·全國卷Ⅰ)I went to a group activity, “Sensitivity Sunday”， which was to make us more aware of the problems faced by disabled people.
6．(2012·湖北高考)Soon, I became one of the top students in my class, which greatly increased my confidence (confident) and got me motivated.
7．(2012·浙江高考)Therefore, I firmly (firm) believe that our future is in our own hands.
8．(2010·江蘇高考)Firstly, we should be given more opportunities (opportunity) to use what we've learned in order to have a better grasp of it.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(選用lack, coincidence, show off, aware of填空)
1．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ完形填空)I still can't believe what a __59__ it was. I'm just so glad I was there in time to help my son.coincidence
2．(2014·天津高考完形填空)During my fourth-grade Christmas break, we flew to Rio to visit her. Looking at her large empty apartment, I became __24__ how lonely my mother must have been in Brazil herself.aware_of
3．(2012·北京高考完形填空)As I look back on that day now, it surely __42__ any sense of reality. I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief until I was halfway through rehearsals (排練) on my first day.lacks
4．(2010·山東高考完形填空)It was a cool October evening. Excitement and family members filled the hall. I was only a 7-year-old girl，but I was the center of attention. Finally，after weeks of preparation, I would __38__ all my hard work in a dance performance. Everything would be perfect — so I thought.show_off
二、復(fù)現(xiàn)話題詞匯——提高閱讀準(zhǔn)度
新高考下的命題新視角：隨著“一帶一路”的深入開展，各國之間的貿(mào)易往來和交流更加頻繁，因此，了解不同國家的風(fēng)俗、文化和交流方式變得更加重要。高考也以此話題來考查考生對文化交流的理解和掌握。我們應(yīng)多關(guān)注此方面的素材，理解文化交流的重要意義。
[話題感悟]
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) ——語篇復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯，活學(xué)活用記憶更深
(加黑詞匯為本單元話題詞匯，讀文時(shí)請揣摩其用法)
Silence is unnatural to a man. He begins life with a cry and __1__ it in stillness. In between he does all he can to make a noise in the world, and he __2__ silence more than anything else. Even his conversation is an attempt to prevent a fearful __3__. If he is introduced to another person, and a number of pauses occur in the conversation, he will regard himself as a failure, a worthless person, and will be full of envy of the most empty-headed chatterbox (話多的人). He knows that ninety-nine percent of human __4__ means no more than the buzz of a fly, but he is anxious to join in the buzz and to __5__ that he is a man and not a waxwork (蠟像)．
The __6__ of conversation is not, for the most part, to communicate ideas; it is to keep up the buzzing sound. There are, it must be __7__， different qualities of buzzes; there is even a buzz that is as annoying as the continuous noise made by a mosquito (蚊子). __8__ at a dinner party one would rather be a mosquito than a quiet person. Most buzzes，__9__， are pleasant to the ear, and some of them are pleasant even to the mind. He would be a(n) __10__ man if he waited until he had a wise thought to take part in the buzz with his neighbors.
Those who __11__ to pick up the weather as a conversational opening seem to me not to know the reason why human beings wish to talk. Very few human beings join in a conversation __12__ learning anything new. Some of them are satisfied if they are merely allowed to go on making a noise into other people's __13__， though they have __14__ to tell them except that they have seen two or three new plays or that they had food in a Swiss hotel. At the end of an evening during which they have said nothing meaningful for a long time, they just prove themselves to be __15__ conversationalists.
語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了人們在日常生活中聊天的目的。在聊天的過程中，人們并不是交流所有的觀點(diǎn)，而且絕大多數(shù)的聊天是沒有意義的。
1．A.discusses　　　　　　　　 　B．ends
C．leads D．faces
解析：選B　根據(jù)空前的“begins life with a cry and”和空后的stillness可推知，人生開始于啼哭，結(jié)束于沉寂。
2．A.fears B．a(chǎn)ppreciates
C．desires D．dreams
解析：選A　根據(jù)“In between he does all he can to make a noise in the world”以及下文中的“fearful”的提示可知，他害怕沉默，所以A項(xiàng)正確。
3．A.beginning B．result
C．silence D．loss
解析：選C　根據(jù)上下文可知，甚至他(與他人)的交談也在試圖阻止可怕的沉默。
4．A.activity B．conversation
C．behavior D．socialization
解析：選B　他知道人們絕大部分的談話都空洞無物，像蒼蠅的嗡嗡聲，但他還是急于加入他們并且急于證明他是一個(gè)人而不是一個(gè)蠟像。根據(jù)上文講人們制造聲音來打破沉默以及下文多處提到的conversation可知此處指談話。
5．A.share B．prove
C．ignore D．a(chǎn)nnounce
解析：選B　參見上題解析。故B項(xiàng)符合語境。
6．A.effect B．a(chǎn)im
C．topic D．a(chǎn)rt
解析：選B　人們談話的目的大部分不是為了交流想法，而是為了把談?wù)摾^續(xù)下去。故選B項(xiàng)。
7．A.recognised B．realized
C．expected D．a(chǎn)dmitted
解析：選D　人們必須承認(rèn)，嘈雜聲有不同的特點(diǎn)。D項(xiàng)符合語境。
8．A.But B．So
C．Unless D．And
解析：選A　嘈雜聲雖然令人厭煩，但在宴會上，一個(gè)人寧可做一個(gè)像蚊子那般不斷發(fā)出嘈雜聲的人也不愿意沉默。前后兩句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用But。
9．A.fortunately B．confidently
C．curiously D．surprisingly
解析：選A　根據(jù)空后的“are pleasant to the ear”可知，幸運(yùn)的是，這些嗡嗡的嘈雜聲大多還是令人愉快的，所以A項(xiàng)符合語境。
10．A.outspoken B．impolite
C．foolish D．mature
解析：選C　如果一個(gè)人直到有了一個(gè)合理恰當(dāng)?shù)南敕ú偶尤胝勗?，那他就會顯得愚蠢。
11．A.long B．continue
C．mean D．hate
解析：選D　根據(jù)“not to know the reason why human beings wish to talk”可知，此處指那些不喜歡以天氣作為談話開端的人。
12．A.in the hope of B．in need of
C．in the face of D．in favour of
解析：選A　大家都知道很多聊天沒有實(shí)際內(nèi)容，所以很少有人抱著學(xué)新東西的目的去聊天。in the hope of“懷著……的希望”，符合語境。
13．A.minds B．bodies
C．a(chǎn)ctions D．ears
解析：選D　一些人只要獲準(zhǔn)給其他人的耳朵制造聲音就滿足了。D項(xiàng)符合語境。
14．A.nothing B．something
C．everything D．a(chǎn)nything
解析：選A　他們在談話中除了談一些生活瑣事以外，沒有什么可以告訴他人的。故選A。
15．A.modest B．serious
C．successful D．secretive
解析：選C　在晚上結(jié)束的時(shí)候，他們長時(shí)間的談話空洞無物，只證明了自己是成功的健談?wù)摺?br /> 學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) ——題后把脈規(guī)律，練后得法理解更透
完形填空技法(6)——利用反映作者態(tài)度或感情色彩的詞匯來解題
我們在快速閱讀文章的過程中，要細(xì)心找出能夠反映作者態(tài)度或感情色彩的重要詞匯，它們往往是名詞、形容詞、副詞、動詞等，這些詞匯經(jīng)常是我們做題時(shí)的重要參照線索，可以幫助我們快速圈定某些題目的正確答案。例如上文第9題，由后面的pleasant可知答案為A項(xiàng)fortunately。

A
(2019·鄭州市第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測)The hit movie Notting Hill (《諾丁山》) begins with a famous scene. Hugh Grant bumps into Julia Roberts and spills orange juice all over her. After the collision, Grant repeatedly says, “I'm so sorry. I'm so sorry.”
His actions in this scene are very British. If Roberts were from Britain, then she would probably apologize repeatedly as well — even if the crash were not her fault. But this doesn't happen in the movie, as Roberts is from the US.
A report in The Telegraph once said that three quarters of British people apologize when they bump into someone in the street — regardless of whether they are responsible or not. In fact, Britons use “sorry” in many situations. For example, if they mishear someone, they say “Sorry？” The person they are talking to will also apologize by replying, “No, I am sorry！” This can go on for up to five minutes as they compete for who is the most sorry.
Why are Britons so sorry? Mark Tyrrell, a psychology writer in the UK, thinks that their apologetic tendencies are rooted in the British class system. “We say sorry because historically the new middle class in Britain had to apologize for not being the working class, but also for not really being the upper class.” Another theory is that they apologize to avoid conflicts. For example, if they bump into someone, he might get angry. To avoid this, they instantly say “Sorry！”
True manners are about being considerate, and today's constant use of apologizing shows that we are perhaps not as thoughtful as we once were. The word “sorry” has lost some of its meaning. Do you see my point? Sorry, it might just be a British thing.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了英國人的道歉文化及其原因：一是因?yàn)闅v史上英國的新中產(chǎn)階級；二是為了避免沖突。
1．Why does the author mention a scene in the movie Notting Hill at the beginning?
A．To give an example of British modesty.
B．To introduce different ways of saying sorry.
C．To show what kind of men are considered gentlemen in the UK.
D．To draw our attention to when and how British people say sorry.
解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的描述可知，文章開頭用電影作例，描述了英國人道歉的場景，引出文章的主題——英國的道歉文化。
2．Which of the following statements might Mark Tyrrell agree with?
A．People should not apologize if they are not responsible.
B．Americans care less about manners than British people do.
C．That British people apologize so much is linked to the class system.
D．British people care too much about which social class they are from.
解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Mark Tyrrell ...thinks that their apologetic tendencies are rooted in the British class system.”可知，Mark Tyrrell認(rèn)為英國人的道歉根源于其階級制度。由此可推斷，C項(xiàng)正確。
3．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．It's unnecessary for British people to be so polite.
B．The overuse of apologizing shows Britons are truly sincere.
C．People should not stick to the traditional use of the word “sorry”．
D．Using “sorry” more doesn't necessarily mean people are more polite.
解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容以及最后一段中的“today's constant use of apologizing shows that we are perhaps not as thoughtful as we once were”可知，英國人道歉或是與他們的階級制度有關(guān)，或是為了避免沖突，但今天的多次道歉已經(jīng)失去了一些意義，并不意味著人們更有禮貌。
4．What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?
A．To explore the best way of saying sorry.
B．To explain why Britons overuse the word “sorry”．
C．To show how saying sorry has changed over time.
D．To suggest many British people lack traditional manners.
解析：選B　寫作意圖題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，本文由電影場景引入主題，介紹了英國的道歉文化，并介紹了英國人道歉的原因及今天道歉的意義，主要目的是介紹英國人過量使用道歉的原因。
B
Some people are so rude!
Who sends an e-mail or a text message that just says “Thank you”？ Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you? Who asks for a fact easily found on Google? Don't these people realize that they're wasting your time?
Maybe I'm the rude one for not appreciating life's little politeness. But many social agreed standards just don't make sense to people drowning in digital communication.
In texts, you don't have to declare who you are or even say hello. E-mail, too, is slower than a text. Voice mail is a now impolite way of trying to connect.
My father learned this lesson after leaving me a dozen voice mail messages, none of which I listened to. Exasperated,_he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls. “Why are you leaving him voice mail？” my sister asked. “Just text him.”
In the age of the smartphone, there is no reason to ask once-acceptable questions about: the weather forecast, a business's phone number, or directions to a house, a restaurant, which can be easily found on Google Maps. But people still ask these things. And when you answer, they respond with a thank-you e-mail.
How to handle these differing standards? Easy. Consider your audience. Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thank-you message. Others, like me, want no reply.
The anthropologist (人類學(xué)家) Margaret Mead once said that in traditional societies, the young learn from the old. But in modern societies, the old can also learn from the young. Here's hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that timewasting forms of communication do.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文，主要討論了如今在智能手機(jī)時(shí)代，人們應(yīng)該選擇何種方式進(jìn)行溝通。
5．What does the underlined word “Exasperated” mean in the fifth paragraph?
A．Worried.　　　　　　 B．Surprised.
C．Annoyed. D．Tired.
解析：選C　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第五段第二句中的“he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls”可知，作者的父親對作者不給自己回電話很不滿，由此可推知exasperated意思是“惱怒的，生氣的”，故選C。
6．Why didn't the writer reply to his father?
A．He liked text messages better.
B．He enjoyed checking his voice mail.
C．He didn't receive any voice mail messages.
D．He didn't want to talk with his father.
解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“‘Why are you leaving him voice mail？’ my sister asked. ‘Just text him’．”可推知，作者不喜歡用語音信箱，更偏愛發(fā)短信，故選A。
7．Which of the following does the writer agree to?
A．People needn't learn from one another in traditional societies.
B．Dealing with voice mail should vary with each individual.
C．People needn't turn to Google for help when in trouble.
D．Declaring who you are or saying hello in texts is necessary.
解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段的內(nèi)容可推知，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是變化的，處理方式應(yīng)該因人而異，而不是一刀切，語音信箱的使用亦是如此，故選B。
8．What's the best title of this passage?
A．Nowadays: what should we do with text messages?
B．Nowadays: do you like leaving others a voice message?
C．Nowadays: what means should we use in communication?
D．Nowadays: do you need a thank-you message?
解析：選C　標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)對文章內(nèi)容的整體理解可知，第三段引入本文話題，最后兩段點(diǎn)題總結(jié)，本文主要討論的是如今(在智能手機(jī)時(shí)代)我們應(yīng)該用何種方式溝通，故選C項(xiàng)。


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