Module 1 Deep South




　　　　　　　　　一、課前基礎(chǔ)自查　
(一)分類記單詞——省時(shí)高效
Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(知其意)
1．gravity n．　 重力，地心引力
2．commercial adj. 商業(yè)的
3．intense adj. 強(qiáng)烈的
4．radioactive adj. (具有)放射性的
5．portable adj. 輕便的；便攜的
6．isolated adj. 孤單的，孤立的
7．luxury n. 奢侈品
8．canteen n. (工廠學(xué)校等的)食堂，餐廳
9．laundry n. 待洗的衣物
10．conventional adj. 常規(guī)的；普通的
11．fragile adj. 脆弱的；易碎的
12．battery n. 電池
13．ecology n. 生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué)
14.inhabit v．　　　　　 居住
15．insight n. 洞察力，眼光
Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞(寫其形)
1．a(chǎn)nnual adj. 每年的
2．state n. 狀態(tài)；狀況
3．a(chǎn)dapt v. (使)適應(yīng)
4．balance v. 使平衡
5．trap v. 儲(chǔ)存，留存；使陷入困境
6．voyage n. (乘船的)旅行，航行
7．severe adj. 艱難的，艱巨的
8．dormitory n. 宿舍；寢室
9．emergency n. 緊急情況；突發(fā)事情
10．privilege n. 榮幸
11．eyesight n. 視力；目力
Ⅲ.拓展單詞(通其變)
1．explorer n．探險(xiǎn)者→explore v．探險(xiǎn)/索；勘探→exploration n．探險(xiǎn)/索；勘查
2．depth n．深度→deep adj.深的adv.深深地→deeply adv.強(qiáng)烈地；深刻地→deepen v．加深；深化
3．extreme adj.極端/度的→extremely adv.極端；極其
4．ceremonial adj.儀式性的；正式的→ceremony n．儀式
5．promote vt.促進(jìn)，增進(jìn)，提升→promotion n．促進(jìn)；提升
6．a(chǎn)bnormal adj.不正常的，反常的→normal adj.正常的
7．a(chǎn)bsence n．缺乏；沒(méi)有→absent adj.缺席的；不在的
8．tiresome adj.煩人的，令人討厭的→tired adj.厭煩的；疲倦的→tiring adj. 令人疲倦的
9．depressing adj.令人沮喪/抑郁的→depress v．使沮喪/蕭條→depressed adj.沮喪的；蕭條的→depression n．沮喪；不景氣，蕭條(期)
10．discourage v．阻止；打消……的念頭→discouraging adj.令人沮喪的→discouraged adj.沮喪的→discouragement n．泄氣→encourage v．鼓勵(lì)
11．reliability n．可靠性→reliable adj.可信賴的→rely v．依靠；信賴
12．inspiration n．鼓舞；啟示；靈感→inspire v．鼓舞；激勵(lì)→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；啟發(fā)靈感的
[語(yǔ)境活用]
1．Listening to his inspiring speech, we were inspired to make great efforts.It gave us not only hope but also inspiration.(inspire)
2．John is tired of watching the tiring soap operas on TV.He can't stand them any longer.(tire)
3．The lake is over 20 meters in depth.So we were all moved deeply by the man who dived deep into the lake to save the boy.(depth)
4．With the extreme weather coming, people felt extremely cold and many got ill.(extreme)
5．On hearing the depressing news, he felt depressed and soon got into a state of depression.(depress)
6．From his discouraged look, I judged he wasn't hired, which was really discouraging.But I still encouraged him to go to other companies to try his fortune.(discourage)
7．A team of explorers will explore the valley and the exploration will last 10 days.(explore)
8．We launched a big advertising campaign to promote our new toothpaste, and the promotion succeeded at last.In return for our efforts, all the staff in our department were promoted.(promote)

(二)練中記短語(yǔ)——記牢用活
寫準(zhǔn)記牢
語(yǔ)境活用(選用左欄短語(yǔ)填空)
1. set_foot_on 　　　進(jìn)入，到達(dá)，踏上
2．in_case_of 如果；假使；以免
3．on_average 平均
4．be_made_of 由……組成
5．be_fond_of 喜歡
6．stand_out 杰出；突出；引人注目
7．come_up_with 想出；提出
8．keep_one's_promise 信守諾言
1.He is an honest boy, and always keeps_his_promise.
2．They were filled with joy when they set_foot_on China soil in late July.
3．If you know first aid methods, you can be calmer and more helpful in_case_of emergency.
4．Since people are_fond_of humor, it is as welcome in conversation as anywhere else.
5．Having discussed the problem all afternoon, they finally came_up_with a solution to it.

(三)仿寫明句式——以用為本
教材原句
句式解讀
句式仿寫
1.Covering about 14 million square kilometres around the South Pole, it is the fifth largest continent in the world.
它(南極洲)覆蓋了南極周圍約1 400萬(wàn)平方千米的面積，是世界第五大洲。
現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。
你每天早晨醒來(lái)都感到精力充沛并準(zhǔn)備好開(kāi)始新的一天嗎？
Do you wake up every morning feeling_energetic and ready to start a new day？
2.Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land.
直到18世紀(jì)末，英國(guó)探險(xiǎn)家詹姆斯·庫(kù)克才穿越了南極圈，但他卻從未發(fā)現(xiàn)任何陸地。
not until 置于句首引導(dǎo)的部分倒裝句。
直到下周才會(huì)舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。
Not until next week will_the_sports_meeting_be_held.
3.Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on the Antarctic mainland.
后來(lái)到了1895年，一個(gè)叫卡斯騰·博克格雷溫克的挪威人成為第一個(gè)踏上南極大陸的人。
動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。
杰克是做這項(xiàng)工作的最佳人選。
Jack was the_best_man_to_do_the_job.

二、課堂重點(diǎn)深化

1．state n．狀態(tài)；狀況；國(guó)家；政府；州 v．陳述；聲明
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①It is_stated that the president made a statement announcing new policies to deal with the new situation.(state)
補(bǔ)全句子
②In the face of failure, it is the most important to_keep_a_good_state_of_mind.
面對(duì)失敗，最重要的是要保持良好的心態(tài)。
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)in a(n) ...state＝in a state of ...　 處于……的狀態(tài)
a good state of health/mind 良好的健康狀況/心態(tài)
(2)It is stated that ... 據(jù)說(shuō)/據(jù)稱……
(3)statement n. 說(shuō)明；聲明；陳述
make a statement 發(fā)表聲明
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
③(2018·江蘇高考書(shū)面表達(dá))每個(gè)判斷都來(lái)自于一種特殊需要或者是一種獨(dú)特的心理狀態(tài)。
Every judgement comes from a specific need or a_unique_psychological_state.
僻義牢牢記
④He stated his view that developing car industry in such a rapid speed is not beneficial in the long run.陳述
2．trap v．儲(chǔ)存，留存；使困??；使陷入圈套/困境n.陷阱；圈套
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Don't fall into the trap of investing all your money in one place.
②The shopkeeper trapped me into buying (buy) their poor quality milk.
補(bǔ)全句子
③Dozens of people were/got_trapped_in_the_ruins after the earthquake.
地震過(guò)后，很多人被困在了廢墟中。
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)trap sb.into (doing) sth.　 誘騙某人(做)某事
be/get trapped in 被困在……中，陷入困境
(2)fall into the trap (of doing sth.) 落入(做某事的)圈套
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
④更糟的是，我讀英語(yǔ)時(shí)，我經(jīng)常被一些不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞困住。
What's worse, when I read English, I_am_often_trapped_in_the_unknown_words.
僻義牢牢記
⑤There is plenty of water trapped in the form of ice on the large continent.儲(chǔ)存
3．promote v．促進(jìn)，增進(jìn)；晉升；提升；宣傳；推銷
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①“Once I get a promotion (promote), I'll be happy，” they think.
②While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.
補(bǔ)全句子
③Pupils who pass the test will_be_promoted_to the next higher grade.通過(guò)這次考試的學(xué)生將升到更高年級(jí)。
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)promote sb.(from sth.) to sth.
把某人(從某職位)提升到某職位
promote sth.to ...　　　把某物推銷給……
(2)promotion n. 提升，晉級(jí)，促進(jìn)
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
④公眾的分享和關(guān)愛(ài)意識(shí)將會(huì)得到進(jìn)一步提升。
The public awareness of sharing and caring is to_be_further_promoted.
僻義牢牢記
⑤We tried to promote our new products in the European market.宣傳；推銷
4．discourage v．阻止；打消……的念頭；使氣餒
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①We discouraged him from giving up the job last month.
②The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasn't discouraged (discourage) and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)discourage sb.from doing sth.
勸某人不要做某事；使某人失去做某事的信心
(2)discouraged adj.　　　沮喪的，灰心喪氣的
discouraging adj. 令人泄氣的，令人沮喪的
discouragement n. 灰心喪氣；挫折；阻止
[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
③故事的寓意是：努力獲取知識(shí)，無(wú)論處境多么艱難都不要輕易氣餒。
The moral of the story is: spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never_get/be_discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be.

1．stand out突出，顯眼
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
stand by　　　　　站在旁邊；袖手旁觀；支持
stand for 代表；主張；象征；表示；忍受
stand up 站起來(lái)；站得住腳；經(jīng)得起
stand up for 支持；維護(hù)(權(quán)利)
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
用適當(dāng)?shù)慕?、副詞填空
①The pigeon and olive branch stand for peace.
②The hotel we stayed at during our holidays stands by the seaside.
③Everyone stood up the moment the hero came into the lecture hall.
④As citizens of our country, it is our duty and responsibility to stand up for the legal rights of our own in the election.
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
⑤李老師是我們可愛(ài)的老師，他在眾多老師中很突出，用他獨(dú)特的教學(xué)方法給我們留下了深刻的印象。
Mr Li is our lovely teacher, who_stands_out_among_the_teachers and leaves us a deep impression with his unique method of teaching.
2．in case of如果；假使；萬(wàn)一；以免
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①There is no simple answer, as is often the case in science.
②The sign reads, “In case of fire, break the glass and push the red button.”
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
in no case 無(wú)論如何不；決不(位于句首，句子要倒裝)
in case (that) ...　　　　　　 萬(wàn)一；以防……
in any case 無(wú)論如何；不管怎樣
in this/that case 如果這樣/那樣的話
as is often the case 情況往往如此
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
易錯(cuò)對(duì)對(duì)碰(in case/in case of)
③Take a hat with you in_case the sun is very hot.
④The wall was built along the river in_case_of floods.
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
⑤我們絕不能違背自然法則，否則我們將會(huì)受到懲罰。
In_no_case_can_we_go_against the law of nature, or we will get punished.
3．序數(shù)詞＋(n.)＋to do ... “第……個(gè)……的……”
　[教材原句]　Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first_man_to_set_foot_on the Antarctic mainland.
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
①(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)In 1931, Addams became the_first_American_woman_to_win the Nobel Peace Prize.
1931年，Addams成為第一位獲得諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)的美國(guó)女性。
②Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the_only_way_for_us_to_survive is to live in harmony with nature.
人類生活被認(rèn)為是自然的一部分，同樣，我們存活下去的唯一的方法是和自然和諧相處。
③The students are looking forward to having_an_opportunity_to_explore society for real-life experience.
學(xué)生們正在盼望有機(jī)會(huì)探索社會(huì)以獲得真實(shí)生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
　[歸納點(diǎn)撥]
用法
規(guī)則
(2)the only＋n.＋to do sth.唯一一個(gè)做某事的……
(3)抽象名詞＋to do sth.……的……
注意
事項(xiàng)
動(dòng)詞不定式也可以用來(lái)修飾含形容詞或副詞的最高級(jí)的名詞或代詞。

　[佳句背誦]
①(增分要點(diǎn)句)She was the first athlete to win the gold medal in the Rio Olympic Games.
②(精彩收尾句)If I have the chance to donate, I will also help the students with financial problems.

本單元語(yǔ)篇話題與新課程主題語(yǔ)境“人與自然”中的“自然環(huán)境”子話題相對(duì)應(yīng)
一、話題語(yǔ)素積累多一點(diǎn)
話題詞匯記一記
子話題(一)　天氣與氣候
溫故淺
易詞匯
①climate　?、趍ild　　　?、踒reeze
④rainfall ⑤freezing ⑥below
⑦warm ⑧increase ⑨cloudy
識(shí)記生
疏詞匯
①haze n．霧霾　　　　?、趍ist n．薄霧
③frost n．霜 ④drizzle n．毛毛雨
⑤shower n．陣雨 ⑥damp n．&adj.潮濕(的)
⑦chilly adj.寒冷的 ⑧rainbow n．彩虹

子話題(二)　地理與活動(dòng)
溫故淺
易詞匯
④valley ⑤desert ⑥visitor
⑦convenient ⑧research ⑨sunrise
識(shí)記生
疏詞匯
①continent n．大陸，大洲　　②range n．山
③jungle n．叢林；密林 ④Antarctica n．南極洲脈
⑤expedition n．遠(yuǎn)征；探險(xiǎn) ⑥adventure n．冒險(xiǎn)
⑦challenge n．挑戰(zhàn) ⑧transportation n．交通

常用詞塊憶一憶
①freezing point　 　 　　　　　 冰點(diǎn)
②heat wave 熱浪
③average temperature 平均氣溫
④weather forecast 天氣預(yù)報(bào)
⑤be separated from ... 與……分離
⑥be located in/lie in 坐落于/位于
⑦be surrounded by 被……包圍/環(huán)繞著
⑧cover an area of ... 占地面積為……
⑨t(yī)ake on a new look 呈現(xiàn)新面貌
⑩be rich in tourist attractions 旅游資源豐富
?places of interest 名勝古跡
?play an important part in 在……起著重要作用
?range from ...to ... 從……到……不等
寫作佳句背一背
①They're going to make an expedition to the South Pole.
②In the oceans around Antarctica, the temperature of the water is extremely low, always below zero.
③Its total land area is 16,808 square kilometers, among which the mountain areas account for 52%.
　二、“分步寫作”表達(dá)準(zhǔn)一點(diǎn)
話題應(yīng)用文分步寫作

請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的提示，以介紹“Antarctica”為主題寫一篇短文。內(nèi)容包括：
1．南極洲在地球的最南端；
2．它的面積大約為1 400萬(wàn)平方千米；
3．它是世界上最寒冷的地方，常年有冰雪覆蓋；
4．它的自然資源有鐵、煤等；生存的動(dòng)物有企鵝、鯨等；
5．目前只有一些科學(xué)工作者居住在那里。
注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；
2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
參考詞匯：企鵝penguin　海豹seal

第一步：句寫對(duì)——給詞寫句
用方框內(nèi)的詞匯翻譯句子)
extreme, continent, cover an area of, adapt to, mineral resource, up to now, be rich in, lie in　　
1．南極洲位于地球的最南端，它是世界上最寒冷的大洲。
Antarctica_lies_in_the_extreme_south_of_the_earth.It_is_the_coldest_continent_in_the_world.
2．它的面積大約1 400萬(wàn)平方千米，常年有冰雪覆蓋。
It_covers_an_area_of_about_14_million_square_kilometres.It_is_covered_with_ice_and_snow_all_year_long.
3．它是一個(gè)非常富饒的大洲。
It_is_a_very_rich_continent.
4．它有很多動(dòng)物如企鵝、鯨魚(yú)和海豹。它們已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了那里的極端條件。
It_has_many_animals_such_as_penguins,_whales_and_seals.They_have_adapted_to_its_extreme_conditions.
5．它有豐富的礦產(chǎn)資源。
It_is_rich_in_mineral_resources.
6．目前只有一些科學(xué)工作者居住在那里。
Up_to_now_only_some_scientists_live_there.
第二步：量寫夠——語(yǔ)句擴(kuò)充
7．第2句中ice前加上定語(yǔ)“厚厚的”，snow前加上定語(yǔ)“深的”。
It_covers_an_area_of_about_14_million_square_kilometres.It_is_covered_with_thick_ice_and_deep_snow_all_year_long.
8．第4句中“動(dòng)物”后加上定語(yǔ)從句“我們所熟知的”。
It_has_many_animals_we_are_familiar_with,_such_as_penguins,_whales_and_seals.They_have_adapted_to_its_extreme_conditions.
9．第5句后增加“包括鐵、煤等等”。
It_is_rich_in_mineral_resources,_including_iron,_coal_and_so_on.
10．第6句后增加簡(jiǎn)單句“或許有一天很多的家庭將會(huì)居住在那里”。
Up_to_now_only_some_scientists_live_there.Maybe_one_day_lots_of_households_will_live_there.
第三步：語(yǔ)寫美——詞句升格
1．用which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句改寫第1句。
Antarctica,_which_is_the_coldest_continent_in_the_world,_lies_in_the_extreme_south_of_the_earth.
2．用v.-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)改寫第7句。
Covering_an_area_of_about_14_million_square_kilometres,_it_is_covered_with_thick_ice_and_deep_snow_all_year_long.
3．用which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句改寫第8句。
It_has_many_animals_we_are_familiar_with,_such_as_penguins,_whales_and_seals,_which_have_adapted_to_its_extreme_conditions.
第四步：篇連順——銜接成文
根據(jù)語(yǔ)句間的邏輯關(guān)系，可添加過(guò)渡性詞匯however，what's more連句成文。
Antarctica，which_is_the_coldest_continent_in_the_world,_lies_in_the_extreme_south of_the_earth.Covering_an_area_of_about_14_million_square_kilometres,_it_is_covered_with_thick_ice_and_deep_snow_all_year_long.However,_it_is_a_very_rich_continent.It_has_many_animals_we_are_familiar_with_such_as_penguins，whales_and_seals，which_have_adapted_to_its extreme_conditions.What's_more,_it_is_rich_in_mineral_resources,_including_iron,_coal_and_so_on.Up_to_now_only_some_scientists_live_there.Maybe_one_day_lots_of_households_will_live_there.

Ⅰ.單詞拼寫
1．It's necessary for us to keep the balance (平衡) of nature and protect the environment.
2．I hope you can adapt (適應(yīng)) to the new school life as soon as possible.
3．It is important for everyone to keep good eyesight (視力)．
4．Last but not least, you need an intense (強(qiáng)烈的) interest in learning English.
5．I decided to buy a laptop because it is portable (便攜的)．
6．I believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely (極其)important roles in modern society.
7．He came all the way to China for promoting (增進(jìn)) friendship rather than for making money.
8．Black is depressing (令人沮喪的) while light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.
Ⅱ.語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)法填空
1．The weather in the small island is ?extremely (extreme) bad.The ?absence (absent) of fresh water may get you ?trapped (trap) if you set foot ?on it.Any ?explorer (explore) arriving at the island cannot survive for a week ?before they leave by lifeboat.
2．?Annually (annual), there are lots of reports about the increase of teenagers ?whose eyesight is becoming worse because they are fond ?of using electronic devices, especially the smartphones.It's high time that our government took measures to discourage them ?from spending much time on the screens.
3．Linda is a rich young lady, who likes to make ?voyages (voyage) to the world.Each time she comes to a new country, she buys some ?luxuries (luxury) so that she can stand ?out among her friends.
Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子
1．莫言是中國(guó)第一位獲得諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的作家。(the＋序數(shù)詞＋不定式)
Mo Yan is the_first_writer_to_win the Nobel Prize in Literature in China.
2．直到他面試失敗，他才意識(shí)到自信是多么重要。(not until 置于句首的倒裝)
Not_until_he_had_failed_in_the_job_interview_did_he_realize how important confidence was.
3．看著這張照片，我不禁懷念起我的中學(xué)時(shí)光來(lái)。(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ))
Looking_at_the_picture,_I couldn't help missing my middle school days.
Ⅳ.短文填空
(Ⅰ)根據(jù)提示填空
I'm glad to hear that you're coming to Sichuan in August.You've made the wise choice ?to travel (travel) here.Sichuan Province is rich in tourist ?attractions (attract) and enjoys many world-famous ?places_of_interest (名勝古跡), such as Jiuzhaigou and Du Jiangyan Irrigation Project.
Jiuzhaigou is well-known for its beautiful lakes, of which the water is clear and looks colorful.It can inspire ?visitors' (visit) imagination.Another attraction is Du Jiangyan Irrigation Project, which ?was_built (build) over 2,000 years ago and is still ?playing an important part_in (在……方面起著重要作用) irrigation today.And the newly-built Wenchuan Earthquake Museum can make all the people present call for that breathtaking moment.Besides, the nice weather and ?convenient transportation (便利的交通) here can make your trip more ?enjoyable (enjoy)．I'm sure you'll have a good time.
(Ⅱ)片段選詞填空
warm， sunrise， ups and downs， below， range， increase， due to， Antarctic， manage， walk around
As I've discussed in previous blog posts that our stay in Antarctica has had some ?ups_and_downs.An injury to my hand set us back a bit.And we lost about a week of flying time ?due_to that and some bad weather in the middle of the month.In spite of that setback, we ?managed to do 33 flights which would allow us to meet our scientific goals for the project.The flights were conducted during both daytime and nighttime conditions with ?ranging from as cold as minus 51 degrees F to as ?warm as plus 5 degrees F．While most of you wouldn't think that 5 degrees F feels warm, to us, after almost a month of nearly continuously ?below zero weather, a temperature of plus 5 degrees F actually feels pretty comfortable.In fact, for the last week or so, I've been ?walking_around in a woolen jacket rather than an ordinary coat.
When we first arrived in late August, the sun was only up for less than 6 hours each day, but the day length was ?increasing by 20 minutes each day.These trips are my favorite Antarctic trips since we have got to see ?sunrise and sunset every day and enjoy the ?Antarctic night sky and stars.

一、復(fù)現(xiàn)單元考點(diǎn)——增強(qiáng)備考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的語(yǔ)法填空
1．(2018·天津高考)The possibility that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to_explore (explore) the outer space.
2．(2017·江蘇高考)Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways.
3．(2016·四川高考)In the depths (deep) of the French Guianese rainforest, there still remain unusual groups of indigenous (土著的) people.
4．(2016·北京高考)Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency (emerge)．
5．(2015·北京高考)Most of them are extremely (extreme) delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch.
6．(2015·四川高考)More expressways will be built in Sichuan soon to_promote (promote) the local economy.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(選用trap, promote, in case填空)
1．(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ完形填空)Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move __55__ she injured her neck.in_case
2．(2014·天津高考完形填空)One night, when I was eight, my mother gently asked me a question I would never forget.“Sweetie, my company wants to __16__ me but needs me to work in Brazil.This is like your teacher telling you that you've done well and allowing you to skip a grade (跳級(jí)), but you'll have to leave your friends.Would you say yes to your teacher？”promote
3．(2012·江蘇高考完形填空)Travelers have ended up lost on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives.They can also make people feel __52__ and forced to answer unwanted calls or reply to unwanted texts.trapped
二、復(fù)現(xiàn)話題詞匯——提高閱讀準(zhǔn)度
新高考下的命題新視角：海底世界資源豐富，但過(guò)度開(kāi)發(fā)會(huì)導(dǎo)致污染和破壞，聚焦“堅(jiān)持生態(tài)優(yōu)先，珍惜海洋資源”的環(huán)保理念，提高人們保護(hù)海洋資源、和平利用開(kāi)發(fā)海洋的意識(shí)。高考圍繞此話題進(jìn)行命題，旨在提高人們的環(huán)保意識(shí)。
[話題感悟]
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) ——語(yǔ)篇復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯，活學(xué)活用記憶更深
( 加藍(lán)詞匯為本單元話題詞匯，讀文時(shí)請(qǐng)揣摩其用法)
She looked up at me sadly, her pain being unbearably obvious. I __1__ her as she swam silently around the small pool, surrounded by people she didn't know.The top left corner of her yellow shell was __2__， and her flippers (鰭狀肢) were filled with cuts and scars.Then she swam slowly to others.
I couldn't help but think that these __3__ creatures looked as though they were war heroes wounded in battle, but they weren't.They were just a group of innocent sea turtles that had been injured by __4__ humans.
Earlier that day, our group of forty high school students had learned that those endangered sea turtles were being __5__all the time__6__water pollution, litter, and careless boaters and fishermen.We were taught how to __7__ the deaths and injuries of this species and to encourage others to conserve our ocean life and environment.
I had always been conscious of the damage our environment was suffering__8__I had never truly been given the opportunity to see the devastating (毀滅性的) effects of environmental destruction until I observed that __9__. Seeing a picture or movie of these animals cannot truly sense the pain on their faces.Now that I have witnessed the __10__ caused by the pollution and people's carelessness, I try to encourage my friends to __11__ their eating habit, which can benefit our environment.I am devoted to __12__ time and money to help save endangered animals.I stress to them that we need to start saving our environment now before it's too late. And we try to get the governments to pass laws __13__ animals in danger.Quite a few countries have passed laws to forbid the killing of animals or plants on the danger __14__.
All in all, we must fight for those creatures that cannot fight for themselves because we share one common world and we have the responsibility to __15__ them.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：作者從一只受傷的小海龜說(shuō)起，鼓勵(lì)朋友們改變飲食習(xí)慣，捐贈(zèng)時(shí)間和金錢來(lái)幫助拯救瀕臨滅絕的動(dòng)物，從而使環(huán)境受益。
1．A.recognized　　　　　　　 　B．introduced
C．watched D．satisfied
解析：選C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，我看著她，她靜靜地在小池塘里游著。watch“觀察，觀看”，符合題意。
2．A.strange B．missing
C．shining D．complex
解析：選B　根據(jù)上下文可知，這是受傷的海龜。此處應(yīng)該是指左上邊的黃色外殼不見(jiàn)(missing)了。
3．A.troublesome B．rare
C．ugly D．unfortunate
解析：選D　根據(jù)上文“The top left corner of her yellow shell was __2__， and her flippers(鰭狀肢)were filled with cuts and scars.”，左上角的黃色外殼不見(jiàn)了，她的鰭狀肢充滿了傷口和傷疤可知，她們是不幸的(unfortunate)。
4．A.skillful B．stubborn
C．intelligent D．careless
解析：選D　根據(jù)下文“careless boaters and fishermen”可知，這是一群無(wú)辜的海龜，被粗心的(careless)人類傷害。
5．A.studied B．discovered
C．killed D．displayed
解析：選C　這些瀕臨滅絕的海龜因?yàn)樗廴尽y丟垃圾、粗心大意的漁船和漁民而被殺(killed)。
6．A.because of B．in case of
C．in spite of D．a(chǎn)part from
解析：選A　參見(jiàn)上題解析。
7．A.report B．lessen
C．escape D．prove
解析：選B　根據(jù)常識(shí)，我們學(xué)會(huì)了如何減少這個(gè)物種的死亡和傷害，lessen為動(dòng)詞，意為“減少”。
8.A.so B．but
C．or D．a(chǎn)nd
解析：選B　我總能意識(shí)到我們的環(huán)境所遭受的傷害，但(but)我從來(lái)沒(méi)真正有機(jī)會(huì)看到毀滅性的環(huán)境破壞的影響，直到親眼看到這些海龜受的傷害才深深感觸到這些。
9．A.boater B．fisherman
C．visitor D．turtle
解析：選D　根據(jù)上文可知，直到我看到了這些受傷的海龜(turtle)，我才知道了這些。
10．A.worry B．harm
C．a(chǎn)nger D．shame
解析：選B　既然現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)目睹了污染和人們的疏忽造成的傷害(harm)。
11．A.mention B．form
C．change D．check
解析：選C　我試圖鼓勵(lì)我的朋友們改變(change)他們的飲食習(xí)慣。
12．A.donating B．sharing
C．ignoring D．recording
解析：選A　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，我捐贈(zèng)(donate)時(shí)間和金錢來(lái)幫助拯救瀕臨滅絕的動(dòng)物。
13．A.protecting B．pretending
C．forbidding D．a(chǎn)llowing
解析：選A　根據(jù)常識(shí)，通過(guò)的法律是用來(lái)保護(hù)(protecting)瀕危動(dòng)物。
14．A.range B．list
C．variety D．show
解析：選B　許多國(guó)家已經(jīng)通過(guò)法律禁止殘害危險(xiǎn)動(dòng)物名單(list)上的那些動(dòng)植物。
15．A.save B．take
C．bring D．notice
解析：選A　我們和動(dòng)物擁有同一個(gè)世界，我們有責(zé)任去挽救(save)它們。
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) ——題后把脈規(guī)律，練后得法理解更透
完形填空技法(9)——克服詞匯多義和生義理解不透，力避“望文生義”
在英語(yǔ)中，不少單詞有兩個(gè)甚至多個(gè)意思，我們把這種現(xiàn)象稱之為一詞多義。一詞多義是很普遍的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象。在完形填空的選項(xiàng)中，有時(shí)也出現(xiàn)一些多義詞。對(duì)這類詞的常見(jiàn)意義掌握得不夠全面，會(huì)給考生在解答完形填空時(shí)帶來(lái)很大的干擾，導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)選。如對(duì)上文第7題選項(xiàng)lessen的詞義掌握不到位，就容易造成錯(cuò)選。
在復(fù)習(xí)詞匯的過(guò)程中，我們要特別關(guān)注和積累多義詞，特別是常用動(dòng)詞及其短語(yǔ)，在解題過(guò)程中，注意認(rèn)真思考，不要“望文生義”。

A
(2019·石家莊畢業(yè)班質(zhì)檢)
Four Popular Places to Go This Winter
Harbin, China
China Harbin's winter is for the brave ones — the average temperature is 1.8 — but those who brave the cold will be rewarded with experiencing one of the world's largest winter festivals. 2017 marks the 33rd Harbin International Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival (January－March), when massive frozen structures rise and are lit up, transforming the city into a winter wonderland.
Lyon, France
Paris may be called The City of Light, but every December, light takes center stage in Lyon, France's third-largest city. That's when the annual Festival of Lights (around December 8) takes over, with light installations (裝置) that transform the city's streetscapes into modern works of art. The city is also home to two Christmas markets (one in La Croix-Rousse; the other at the Place Carnot; through December 25)．
Lima, Peru
Peru's capital Lima is home to the world's highest number of cooking schools per person. Aside from its delicate dining, the city also has great cocktail bars where you can taste classic or contemporary takes on the Pisco Sour. Combine that with the oceanfront setting and temperatures in the 80s, and you'll understand why Lima should no longer be ignored this winter.
Vermont, US
Winter in Vermont means skiing and snowboarding. Many resorts (度假勝地) have greatly upgraded their snowmaking abilities as part of a $15 million statewide program that replaced many outdated snow guns with new, low-energy models. These new machines will also improve the quality of snow surfaces and lengthen the season, meaning this will be one of the best winters for skiing and riding in Vermont in recent memory.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了四個(gè)冬天受人歡迎的游覽之地：中國(guó)的哈爾濱、法國(guó)的里昂、秘魯?shù)睦R以及美國(guó)的佛蒙特州。
1．What similarities do the first two places have?
A．They are decorated with lights.
B．They offer snow sculptures.
C．They have three-day festivals.
D．They are extremely cold.
解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“when massive frozen structures rise and are lit up”及第二段第一句中的“every December, light takes center stage in Lyon”可知，前兩個(gè)地方的相似之處是都有燈裝飾。
2．Which provides a good chance to buy a Christmas gift?
A．Harbin.　　　　　　 B．Lyon.
C．Lima. D．Vermont.
解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“The city is also home to two Christmas markets (one in La Croix-Rousse; the other at the Place Carnot; through December 25)．”可知，里昂提供了一個(gè)很好的購(gòu)買圣誕禮物的機(jī)會(huì)。
3．What's new to the resorts in Vermont?
A．Skiing and snowboarding.
B．Updated equipment.
C．Cooking schools.
D．A longer winter.
解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Many resorts (度假勝地) have greatly upgraded their snowmaking abilities as part of a $15 million statewide program that replaced many outdated snow guns with new, low-energy models.”可知，佛蒙特州的度假勝地的新鮮事是設(shè)備更新了。
B
(2019·成都高中畢業(yè)班檢測(cè))Every ocean lover knows the dangers of getting caught in a rip current (離岸流). Experienced swimmers know it is relatively easy to escape the narrow channel of the fast moving water by floating and allowing it to drag you further into the ocean or by swimming alongside the shore. However, inexperienced beachgoers often panic, and try to swim to land, placing themselves at risk of drowning due to tiredness. According to the US National Ocean Service, the currents kill about 100 Americans each year and account for 80% of all lifeguard rescues. These scary statistics may soon be a thing of the past, thanks to Clever Girl, a smart buoy (浮標(biāo)) that warns swimmers of the presence of deadly rip currents.
The smart device is the brainchild of Australian teenager Maddison King, who created Clever Girl as a project for her Grade 12 Design and Technology class. The 18-year-old, who works as a lifeguard during her spare time, came up with the brilliant idea after discovering that most children were unable to detect rip currents.
The basketball-sized plastic buoy, which can be attached to a chain of similar devices or the ocean floor, is fitted with a small propeller (螺旋槳). When the water travels at the speed of over 70 centimeters per second, it spins the propeller fast enough to power the light atop the buoy, warning swimmers to stay clear of the area.
Though it sounds simple enough, the youngster had to overcome numerous design challenges. For instance, she picked a red light since it is easy to see in the bright sunlight and also because the color serves as a universal warning sign for tourists that do not speak the local language. The device's smooth surface and high handles ensure swimmers do not get hurt, while the black, white, and red striped underside, keeps sharks and other animals at bay.
Future versions might include something like a warning siren, which would provide sound warnings of rip currents. Besides, the present model costs about $300 to make. “That's beyond my purse，” she laughs. “The cost has to be cut down.”
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。在海洋里游泳時(shí)，一些缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)的游泳者遇到高速離岸流時(shí)常常感到恐懼，并試圖游向陸地，最終因疲勞而溺水身亡。受做臨時(shí)救生員工作經(jīng)歷的啟發(fā)，Maddison King發(fā)明了一種裝置，能在離岸流達(dá)到一定速度時(shí)發(fā)出預(yù)警，從而避免人們誤入高速洋流。
4．Which of the following is the right way to escape the rip current?
A．Waiting for rescues.
B．Swimming to the shore.
C．Moving fast in the water.
D．Floating with the water.
解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Experienced swimmers know ...by swimming alongside the shore.”可知，有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的游泳者知道，通過(guò)在快速流動(dòng)的水中漂浮，讓流水帶著自己流入海洋或沿著海岸游泳是逃避離岸流的有效方式。
5．Why did Maddison decide to invent Clever Girl?
A．She wanted to challenge her creativity.
B．She was motivated by her working experience.
C．She was supposed to complete it for her class.
D．She was scared by the statistics of the government.
解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知，18歲的Maddison King在業(yè)余時(shí)間做救生員，她發(fā)現(xiàn)大多數(shù)孩子都無(wú)法察覺(jué)到離岸流，終究會(huì)因?yàn)槠诙棺约禾幱谀缢奈ｋU(xiǎn)之中，故B項(xiàng)正確。
6．What do we know about the present version of Clever Girl?
A．It's not available on the market.
B．It's quite attractive for sea animals.
C．It's based on a complex theory.
D．It can give warnings in different ways.
解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知，每年大約有100個(gè)美國(guó)人死于離岸流，但這些可怕的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)可能很快成為過(guò)去，這多虧了警告浮標(biāo)裝置—— Clever Girl。結(jié)合最后一段可知，這種裝置的成本很高，且未形成成品；據(jù)此可以判斷，其目前版本還沒(méi)有投放市場(chǎng)。
7．What could the future version of Clever Girl be like?
A．Safer and greener.
B．Cheaper and safer.
C．Greener and more effective.
D．Cheaper and more effective.
解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“Besides, the present model costs about $300 to make. ‘That's beyond my purse，’ she laughs. ‘The cost has to be cut down.’”可知，這種產(chǎn)品目前的版本成本大約是300美元，在將來(lái)成本可能會(huì)下降；根據(jù)最后一段第一句可知，這種產(chǎn)品會(huì)更有效。


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