一、語基必備知識
(一)重點詞匯——分類記憶
Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯——知其意
1．native adj. 　　　　　　 出生地的，本土的
2．billion n. 十億
3．wallet n. 皮夾子，錢包
4．enjoyable adj. 使人快樂的
5．hardworking adj. 勤奮的
6．dormitory n. 寢室，宿舍
7．businessman n. 商人，實業(yè)家
8．drunk adj. (酒)醉的
9．journalist n. 新聞工作者，記者
10．greedy adj. 貪婪的，貪心的
11．rude adj. 粗魯?shù)?，無禮的
12．cash n. 現(xiàn)金，現(xiàn)款
13．necklace n. 項鏈，項圈
14．firm adj. 堅定的；穩(wěn)固的
15．textbook n. 課本，教科書
16．kettle n. 水壺
Ⅱ.核心詞匯——寫其形
1．technique n. 技術(shù)，技巧
2．percentage n. 百分比，百分率
3．bow vi. 鞠躬；點頭
4．defeat vt. 戰(zhàn)勝，擊敗
5．earn vt. 掙得，賺得
6．a(chǎn)ware adj. 知道的，意識到的
7．bargain n．& vi. 討價還價； 便宜貨
8．a(chǎn)ggressive adj. 好斗的；有進取心的
9．comment vi.& vt. 評論
10．a(chǎn)ppeal vi. 吸引，引起興趣；呼吁，懇求
11．contain vt. 包含，含有
12．remove vt. 移開，挪走
13．signal n. 信號，暗號
14．a(chǎn)utomatic adj. 自動的
15．replace vt. 代替，取代
Ⅲ.拓展詞匯——通其變
1．motivate vt. 使有動機，促使，激發(fā)→motivation n. 動力，誘因
2．a(chǎn)chievement n. 成就，完成→achieve vt. 完成；實現(xiàn)
3．exist vi. 存在，生存→existence n. 存在，生存
4．determine vt. 確定，決定→determination n. 決心，決定→determined adj. 已決定的；堅決的，有決心的
5．concern vt. 使憂慮；與……相關(guān)→concerned adj. 擔(dān)心的；涉及的→concerning prep. 關(guān)于
6．pleased adj. 高興的，滿意的→please vt. 使?jié)M意，使高興→pleasing adj. 令人高興的，令人滿意的→pleasure n. 令人高興的事
7．enthusiastic adj. 很感興趣的，熱情的→enthusiasm n. 熱情
8．a(chǎn)shamed adj. 羞恥的，慚愧的→shame n. 羞愧，羞恥心 vt. 使感到羞愧→shameful adj. 可恥的，丟臉的
9．a(chǎn)nnoy vt. 使煩惱，打攪→annoyed adj. 煩惱的→annoying adj. 令人煩惱的→annoyance n. 煩惱
10．a(chǎn)musement n. 樂趣，娛樂活動→amuse vt. 以……自娛，逗……樂→amused adj. 覺得好笑的→amusing adj. 有趣的，好笑的
11．balance n. 平衡→balanced adj. 平衡的
12．puzzle vt. 使困惑→puzzled adj. 困惑的→puzzling adj. 令人困惑的
13．behave vi. 舉止，表現(xiàn)→behaviour n. 舉止，表現(xiàn)
14．a(chǎn)dvance vi. 前進；取得進展→advanced adj. 高級的，先進的

1.學(xué)校公共設(shè)施有哪些？
①canteen　　　　　　 食堂　　 　
②dormitory　　　 寢室，宿舍
③stadium 體育場
④school clinic 校醫(yī)務(wù)室
⑤teaching building 教學(xué)樓
⑥library 圖書館
2.“常用容器”名詞大全
①cup/glass　　 杯子　　
②bowl　　 碗
③pot 鍋
④jar 罐
⑤basin 盆
⑥plate 盤子
(二)重點短語——記牢用活
1．put__off　　　　　　　　　　 推遲
2．a(chǎn)t__present 目前，現(xiàn)在
3．out__of__work 失業(yè)
4．give__away 贈送；泄露(秘密)
5．drop__out 退出，退學(xué)
6．make/earn__a__living 謀生
7．be__determined__to__do__sth. 決心做某事
8．dream__up 憑空想出，虛構(gòu)出
9．take__turns 輪流
10．be__concerned__about 對……關(guān)心，掛念
11．turn__one’s__back__on 不理睬；拒絕
12．be__tired__of... 厭倦了……
13．a(chǎn)ppeal__to... 吸引……；呼吁……
14．to__be__exact 確切地說
15．what’s__more 而且，此外
16．be__associated__with 將……與……聯(lián)系起來

1.“be＋adj.＋of”短語薈萃
①be aware of　　　　 意識到，知道
②be ashamed of... 為……感到羞愧
③be capable of 能夠
④be free of... 沒有，擺脫
⑤be proud of... 為……自豪
⑥be tired of... 厭倦了……
2.“和……有關(guān)系”短語薈萃
①(be) associated with
②be connected with
③be related to
④in relation to
⑤have something to do with
⑥in connection with
3.巧記高頻“過渡詞”
①what’s more　　　　　 而且，此外
②what’s worse 更糟的是
③to make matters worse 更糟的是
④worse still 更糟的是
⑤besides 此外
⑥in addition 此外
(三)重點句式——背熟巧用

句型公式
教材原句
句型1：the＋比較級．..，the＋比較級．..“越……就越……”
The__more you use English, the__more you will want to learn it.
你越使用英語，你就越想學(xué)它。
句型2：that引導(dǎo)同位語從句
There are certainly no signs that Charles was a rich man！
沒有任何跡象表明查爾斯是個有錢人！
句型3：if 引導(dǎo)省略的狀語從句
You may agree with this point of view.If__so,__it is time for you to think again.
你可能同意這種觀點，若如此的話，你就應(yīng)該重新思考一下。
句型4：How come？用以詢問原因或表示懷疑、驚訝等語氣
How__come？
怎么會這樣？
句型5：主語＋be＋adj.＋不定式(主動表被動)
They__are__very__practical__and__easy__to__wash.
它們非常實用，而且便于清洗。
二、語境強化訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.語境填詞——根據(jù)提示寫出該詞的適當(dāng)形式
1．His diet cannot be considered healthy because it contains(包括) a lot of fat in the form of meat, cakes and cream.
2．To defeat(戰(zhàn)勝) the other players, the athlete overcame a lot of difficulties in his training in the past.
3．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ閱讀B)Remove(去掉) the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze.
4．(2019·天津卷)The book turns out to be one that has appealed(吸引) to the world for more than 350 years.
5．(2019·全國卷Ⅰ) Thus，the keyboard can determine(確定) people’s identities，and by extension，whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
6．We often buy everything abroad with the money earned(earn) from oil imports.
7．Everyone concerned(concern) in the incident was questioned by the police.
8．According to some experts, everything in existence(exist) is reasonable.
9．I feel quite ashamed(shame) that I have not fulfilled the task.
10．(2018·天津卷)Despite recent advancements(advance) in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome.
Ⅱ.派生詞練習(xí)——用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1．The purpose of the training is to determine who will attend the ceremony.My son is a determined boy and his determination to do it well is making him keep on training hard.(determine)
2．What puzzled us was his puzzling explanation at the meeting.One of my workmates was so disappointed that he left the hall with a puzzled expression.(puzzle)
3．It amused me that the old man was dressed in a red coat that day.The old man was so humorous that he often kept us amused．To our amusement，his wife was also wearing a strange hat that day.(amuse)
4．It annoyed him that his wife had spent too much money on her clothes. For most men, it was really an annoying thing, so it was natural they were annoyed．(annoy)
5．What was happening in that country concerned us. Most of us were concerned about the players’ safety. We always watched the programmes concerning them. (concern)
Ⅲ.選詞成篇
turn one’s back on; be tired of; agree with; drop out; be associated with; give away; out of work
Some people 1.are__tired__of going to school and even 2.drop__out because they want to earn money.Once they become wealthy, some of them often 3.give__away money to those who are 4.out__of__work. Others don’t 5.agree__with them and 6.turn__their__backs__on giving money. I think whatever they do 7.is__associated__with their personalities.
take turns; appeal to; what’s more; a variety of; be determined to; be concerned about; make a living
In order to 8.make__a__living,__every year, about 2，000 English villagers of Stilton 9.are__concerned__about cheese rolling games.The games 10.appeal__to many people to watch them every year. In the games these villagers who are dressed in 11.a__variety__of strange and funny clothes are in one of the four teams and roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course. They 12.are__determined__to win the games. On the way, they must not 13.take__turns to kick or throw their cheese.14.What’s__more,__they mustn’t go into their competitors’ lane.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．你越開心，你交的朋友就越多。
The__happier you are, the__more friends you will make.
2．那筆錢不見了這一事實并不意味著是被偷了。
The fact that__the__money__has__gone does not mean it was stolen.
3．如果有必要的話，你可以用這些參考書。
You can use these reference books, if__necessary．
4．他為何會犯那樣的錯誤呢？
How__come he made mistakes like that?
5．壞習(xí)慣一旦形成， 就很難改掉， 有時甚至不可能改掉。
Bad habits, once formed, are__difficult__and__sometimes__even__impossible__to__get__rid__of．

exist　vi.存在，生存，生活，繼續(xù)存在
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①You can’t imagine what difficulty they have existing on the little money he’s earning.
②(2019·北京卷)A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing(exist) relationships.
③(2019·江蘇卷) So scientists are trying their best to save the species from going out of existence(exist).
[能力提升]——完成句子
④有一個解決現(xiàn)存的交通堵塞問題的好辦法。
There__exists a good solution to the existing traffic congestion problem.
⑤關(guān)于一開始宇宙是如何產(chǎn)生的，科學(xué)家們有多種論說。
Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came__into__existence/came__into__being．

(1)exist in　　　　　　 在于……
exist on＝live on 靠……生存
There exist(s) ... 有……
(2)existence n. 存在；實有；生活；生活方式
come into existence＝come into being
出現(xiàn)；產(chǎn)生
(3)existing adj. 現(xiàn)存的；現(xiàn)行的　
[名師點津] (1)exist只用作不及物動詞， 因此沒有被動語態(tài)， 且通常不用于進行時。
(2)There exist(s)．..表示“存在……， 有……”， there不能換成it。
defeat　vt.打??；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫　n．失敗
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——對比填空(defeat；beat；win)
①No difficulty could defeat/beat this brave man since he is so confident and capable.
②He was so nervous that he could feel his heart beating faster.
③Who do you think will win the beauty contest?
[能力提升]——完成句子
④他在競選中擊敗了他的所有對手。
He defeated all his opponents in the election.
⑤我們以10分的優(yōu)勢戰(zhàn)勝了東道主隊并贏得了這場比賽。
We defeated the host team by 10 points and won the game.
⑥寫書的困難幾乎把她難住了。
The challenges of writing the book almost defeated__her．,[佳句背誦] Only five years after Steve Jobs’ death, smart-phones defeated conventional PCs in sales.
僅僅在史蒂夫·喬布斯去世5年后，智能手機在銷售額方面就打敗了傳統(tǒng)的家用電腦。(2017·江蘇卷)
[名師點津]

defeat/beat
defeat和beat是同義詞，其賓語為“人”或“一個團體”，?？苫Q。defeat側(cè)重在戰(zhàn)場上打敗敵人。beat常用于游戲或比賽中，還可表示“敲打；(心臟、脈搏)跳動等”
win
win后接sth.，表示在較強的競爭中取得了勝利，賓語多為game，war，prize等詞，不能是人；win也可用作不及物動詞，表示“贏，獲勝”
determine　vt.決定；確定；下定決心
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①I have determined on/upon working as a volunteer teacher in the countryside after graduation.
②(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined(determine) to test my own theory.
③The determined(determine) look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself.
[能力提升]——詞匯/句式升級
④(普通表達)I know an exhibition of Chinese painting will be held at the gallery next month. I decide to work as a volunteer.(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)
(高級表達)Knowing__an__exhibition__of__Chinese__painting__will__be__held__at the gallery next month, I am__determined to work as a volunteer.(分詞作狀語)

(1)determine on/upon　　 決定
determine to do sth. 決定做某事(表示動作)
determine sb.to do sth. 使某人決定做某事
(2)determined adj. 堅決的；有決心的
be determined to do sth. 決心做某事(表示狀態(tài))
(3)determination n. 決心
[佳句背誦] As a student in senior high school, the most important task is to study hard, which determines our future.　作為一名高中生， 最重要的任務(wù)是努力學(xué)習(xí)， 這決定著我們的未來。
[名師點津] 高考?？疾閐etermined to do sth.作狀語，有類似用法的還有l(wèi)ost in, caught in, absorbed in等。
concern　vt.(使)擔(dān)憂；涉及；關(guān)系到　n．擔(dān)心；關(guān)注；(利害)關(guān)系
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①The meeting was concerned with reforms and everyone present was concerned for/about their own interests.
②We sincerely hope that the authorities concerned(concern) should take effective measures immediately to prevent the environment from being polluted.
③(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)I’m writing to express my opinion concerning(concern) Chinese customs, which is useful for you to pay a visit to a Chinese friend.
[能力提升]——詞匯升級
(普通表達)In my opinion, it is necessary for you to have a good rest, which will provide enough energy for you.(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)
④(高級表達)From__my__point__of__view,__it is necessary for you to have a good rest, which will provide enough energy for you.
⑤(高級表達)As__far__as__I’m__concerned,__it is necessary for you to have a good rest, which will provide enough energy for you.

(1)show/express concern about/for
　　　　　　　　 對……表示關(guān)心
(2)concerned adj. 有關(guān)的；擔(dān)心的；憂慮的
be concerned about/for
擔(dān)心……；關(guān)心……
be concerned with 與……有關(guān)；涉及
as far as...be concerned
就……而言；依……之見
(3)concerning prep. 關(guān)于；涉及
[佳句背誦] If you are curious about the history of our school or concerned about its future, you mustn’t miss this excellent opportunity！　如果你對我們學(xué)校的歷史感到好奇或者關(guān)心學(xué)校的未來， 那就不要錯過這次極好的機會！(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)
[聯(lián)想發(fā)散] “就某人而言”的種種表達：
①in__one’s__opinion/view；
②from__one’s__point__of__view；
③as__far__as__sb.__be__concerned

ashamed　adj.感到慚愧或羞恥的
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①He felt ashamed of cheating in the exam, determined never to do such things again.
②It is a shame that a good student should do something like that.
③It is shameful(shame) to break school rules, to be selfish or to make little effort to achieve progress.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④讀了上面如此多的媽媽們的抱怨，我感到羞愧和內(nèi)疚。
Having read about the above common complaint from so many mothers, I__feel__ashamed__and__guilty．

(1)be ashamed to do... 恥于做……；因難為情
而不愿做……
feel/be ashamed of (doing) sth.
　　　　　　　 為(做)某事感到羞愧
(2)It’s a shame that.../What a shame that...
……真讓人遺憾。
(3)shameful adj. 可恥的；不道德的　
[佳句背誦] In my opinion，you should be ashamed of your foolish behaviour.
依我看來，你應(yīng)該對自己愚蠢的行為感到羞恥。
comment　n．評論；議論；批評；指責(zé)　v．評論；批評
[能力提升]——完成句子
①讀了這份報告的研究人員說里面錯誤百出。
Researchers who read the report commented__that it had many errors.
②——先生，你會辭職嗎？
—Will you resign from your office, sir?
——無可奉告！
—No__comment!
③如果你能對我的工作給予建議性的評判的話，我會不勝感激的。
I’d appreciate it if you could make__helpful__comments__on my work.
④有些同學(xué)總是喜歡評論我同桌的容貌。
Some students are always fond of commenting__on/upon my deskmate’s look.

(1)comment that...　　　　 評論……
comment on/upon 評論；批評
(2)make (a) comment on/upon sth.
評論某事
No comment! 無可奉告！
[佳句背誦] Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.
杰里不后悔給出評論， 但是覺得自己本來可以用不同的方式來表達的。(北京卷)
appeal　n．吸引力，魅力；懇求；上訴　v．求助，訴請；呼吁；有吸引力
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①a.(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience.
b．The police are appealing to the public for information about the missing girl.
②Our school appeals to the students to__set(set) aside at least an hour every day to take exercise in order to raise learning efficiency.
[能力提升]——詞匯升級
③(普通表達)Your advertisement has attracted me much so I want to apply for the position.
(高級表達)Your advertisement has appealed__to me much so I want to apply for the position.

(1)sth. appeals to sb.　　 某事對某人有吸引力
appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁某人做某事
appeal to sb. for sth. 向某人呼吁某事
(2)make an appeal to sb. for...
向某人呼吁/懇求……
(3)appealing adj.　有感染力的；有吸引力的
[佳句背誦] Our time appeals to everyone to inherit our outstanding traditional culture and improve the old tradition.
我們的時代呼吁我們繼承優(yōu)秀的傳統(tǒng)文化， 改進舊的傳統(tǒng)。
balance　n．天平，秤；平衡　vt.平衡；權(quán)衡
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①You have to balance the advantages of living in a big city against the disadvantages.
②People have learnt the importance of keeping a balanced(balance) diet to satisfy their nutritional needs.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③(天津卷)你太努力工作了，你最好使工作和放松保持平衡。
You are working too hard. You’d better keep__a__balance__between__work__and__relaxation．
④(湖北卷)男孩追他哥哥時，失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。
When he was running after his brother, the boy lost__his__balance and had a bad fall.

(1)balance A against B　　　 權(quán)衡/比較A和B
balance A with B 使A和B平衡
(2)keep/lose one’s balance 保持/失去平衡
break the balance 打破平衡
(3)balanced adj. 均衡的
[語段背誦]
We should try our best to keep the balance between our development and environment protection. Sometimes, over-development can break the balance of ecology. Once nature loses the balance, it will bring us many disasters.
remove　vt.移動，開除，除去，取消　vi.遷移，搬家
[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中remove的含義
①(2019·江蘇卷)What has led many governments to remove necessary regulations？除去
②(2017·浙江卷6月)Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to cook a meal.摘掉
③We tried to remove his doubt and let him tell the truth.打消
④Three children were removed from the school for bad behaviours yesterday.開除
[能力提升]——句式升級
⑤(普通表達)What you said has completely removed my doubts.
(高級表達)What you said has__had__my__doubts__removed completely. (have＋賓語＋賓補)

remove...from...　　　　 把……從……移開
remove from...to... 從……搬遷到……　
[佳句背誦]
This charming cottage dates back to the 15th century and its new garden which is used to remove stress from our lives is under construction.
這所美麗的村舍是15世紀(jì)時的建筑，它的新花園正在建設(shè)中，以供人們用來消除日常生活的壓力。
[詞塊助記]
remove one’s doubt/trouble　消除某人的疑慮/煩惱
remove sb.from school/office 開除/免職某人
behave　vt.& vi. 舉動；(舉止或行為)表現(xiàn)
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①Personally, it is completely wrong of him to behave towards/to others and life with such an attitude.
②Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and behave themselves(they)．
[能力提升]——完成句子
③(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)就我個人而言，我們大家都應(yīng)該注意在公共場所的舉止。
As far as I’m concerned, all of us should mind__our__behaviour__in__public__places．

(1)behave well/badly to/towards sb.
　　　　　　　　 對待某人好/差
behave oneself 守規(guī)矩；表現(xiàn)得體
(2)behavio(u)r n. 舉止；行為　
[佳句背誦] Meanwhile, it is necessary for the government to encourage people to behave properly in public places.　與此同時，政府有必要鼓勵人們在公共場所的行為舉止要適當(dāng)。
advance　vt.& vi.促進；前進；提前　n．前進；高升；預(yù)先；進步　adj.預(yù)先的；事先的
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①This research has done much to__advance(advance) our understanding of language learning.
②Having shown you around our school, we will introduce our most advanced(advance) science lab to you.
③It is known to us that we have made advances (advance) in the space technology in the past ten years.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)如果你提前告知我你是否有空我將感激不盡。盼望著早日收到你的來信。
I’d appreciate it if you let me know whether you are available or not in__advance/ahead__of__time. I’m looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.

(1)be advanced to...　　 被提拔為……
(2)in advance(＝ahead of time)
預(yù)先；提前(指事先)
make advances in 在……方面取得進步
(3)advanced adj. 高級的；先進的　
[佳句背誦] If you are to treat your friends to dinner in a good restaurant at the weekend, you’d better book a table in advance.　如果周末你打算邀請朋友去一個好的飯店吃飯，你最好提前訂桌。
[名師點津] (1)advance vt.不與forward連用；
(2)enter(進入)不與into連用；
(3)return(回來)不與back連用
signal　vi.& vt.發(fā)信號　n．信號
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①(2019·北京卷)．..the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals(signal) that we really have changed our planet.
②As soon as he sat down at the table, he signalled to the waiter to bring the menu.
[能力提升]——句式升級
③(普通表達)A man stood up and signalled that he was strongly opposed to the plan.
(高級表達)A man stood up, signalling__that he was strongly opposed to the plan.(分詞作狀語)

(1)a traffic signal　　　　　　 交通信號
send out a signal 發(fā)出信號
(2)signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事
signal (sb.) that... 示意(某人)……　
[佳句背誦] The grand military parade of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the PRC should be a signal that China has become a rich and powerful country.　中華人民共和國成立70周年的盛大閱兵應(yīng)該是中國已經(jīng)成為一個富強的國家的標(biāo)志。
replace　vt.代替；取代，更換，更新；把……放回原處
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①(重慶卷)It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with/by a modern hotel or not.
②(安徽卷)First of all, it is now easier to__replace(replace) an object than to spend time and money to repair it.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
我們的班長將代替我們的班主任參加表彰大會。
③Our monitor will take__the__place__of/replace our head teacher to attend the commendatory meeting.
④Our monitor will attend the commendatory meeting in__place__of our head teacher.

(1)replace...with/by... 用……替換，以……接替
(2)take the place of/take one’s place　　 代替
in place of.../in one’s place 代替
[佳句背誦] Personally, I think store shopping will exist along with home shopping but will never be replaced.　我個人認(rèn)為商店購物會與家庭購物并存，但絕不會被取代。(安徽卷)
put off　推遲；延期
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①(天津卷)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.
②Considering your income, you should be able to put aside at least twenty dollars a week.
③Kathy, don’t be so discouraged. If you put away such feelings, you will do better next time.
④Jack couldn’t put up with the pressure of his work, so he chose to leave the company.

put forward　　 提出(意見、建議)
put on 穿上；上演
put away 放好(某物)，儲存
put up with 容忍，忍受
put down 放下；寫下；鎮(zhèn)壓
put aside 儲存……備用；留下……供專用
[佳句背誦] Never put off what you can do today till tomorrow.　今天能做的事絕不要拖到明天。
give away　泄露(秘密)；暴露(自己的情況)；贈送；放棄(機會等)
[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中g(shù)ive away的含義
①(江蘇卷)Would they give away their chance to win the game？放棄
②(浙江卷)Body language can give away a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.暴露
③The Students’ Union called on us to give away our used books to the students in the lower grades.贈送
[能力提升]——完成句子
④The two men were arguing about this matter and neither would give__in(屈服) to each other.
⑤Water can absorb and give__off(發(fā)出) a lot of heat without big changes in temperature, thus creating a stable environment.

give in　　　　　　　　 讓步；投降，屈服
give back 歸還；恢復(fù)
give off 放出；散發(fā)
give out 分發(fā)；宣布；用完，耗盡
give up 放棄，認(rèn)輸　
[詞塊助記]
give away the chance to go abroad 放棄出國的機會
give the book back to the library 把書還給圖書館
give off a fragrant perfume 散發(fā)出芳香
give up a job 辭職
drop out　退出；退學(xué)　
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①She was injured in the first round and had to drop out．
②Why don’t you drop by/over for coffee sometime?
③It is reported that traffic accidents have dropped off since the new rule came into being.
④I also hope that you could drop in on me at your convenience.
[能力提升]——完成句子
⑤希望工程的目的是幫助因貧窮而輟學(xué)的孩子。
The Project Hope is designed to help those children who__drop__out__of__school because of poverty.

drop out of school　　 輟學(xué)；退學(xué)
drop by/over 順便拜訪
drop in (on sb./at a place)
順便拜訪(某人/某地)
drop off　 落下；不知不覺入睡；
送……下車；減少
[佳句背誦] By no means will we allow our students to drop out of school.
我們決不允許我們的學(xué)生輟學(xué)。
go through　穿過；經(jīng)歷；通過；瀏覽；仔細察看；完成；用完
[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中g(shù)o through的含義
①(全國卷Ⅰ)I’d be very grateful if you could take some time to go through my resume and make necessary changes.瀏覽
②(湖南卷)As you go through this book, you will find that each of the millions of people who lived through World WarⅡ had a different experience.讀完
③As soon as the law goes through, more food in the supermarket will have to be marked with its origin.通過
④(廣東卷)We all have the power to use our fantasies to go through those things that seem impossible, and to achieve what we never believed we could.經(jīng)歷

go against　　　　　 反對；違背；對……不利
go over 復(fù)習(xí)，仔細檢查
go up 上漲，上升
go in for 愛好；參加；從事　
[佳句背誦] Qipao, one of the most typical and traditional costumes for Chinese women, went through a very long historical changes.
旗袍是中國女性最具代表性的傳統(tǒng)服裝，它曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了長期的歷史變遷。

if引導(dǎo)省略的狀語從句
(教材P12)You may agree with this point of view.If so, it is time for you to think again.
你可能同意這種觀點，若如此的話，你就應(yīng)該重新思考一下。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①(江蘇卷)It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine. If so,__we’d better take it to the garage immediately.
②a.Though working(work) day and night, he still could not make enough money to pay off his debts.
b．When completed(complete), the museum will be open to the public in 2022.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③If the food tastes nice, I’ll go to buy some more；if__not(如果不是這樣的話), I won’t go.
④My father suggests that I should take some notes if__necessary(如果有必要的話) while listening to the teachers in class.

(1)在if，when，while，once，whether，unless，though等引導(dǎo)的從句中如果含有系動詞be的某種形式，從句的主語與主句主語一致或從句的主語是it時，從句的主語和系動詞be可以省略。
(2)if構(gòu)成的其他省略形式： if any如果有的話；if necessary如果需要的話；if so如果是這樣的話； if ever如果曾經(jīng)有的話； if not如果不這樣的話?！?
[佳句背誦] If possible, we should bridge the cultural differences and bring more Chinese literature to British readers. 　如果可能的話，我們應(yīng)該彌合文化分歧，將更多中國文學(xué)作品帶給英國的讀者。
主語＋be＋adj.＋不定式(主動表被動)
(教材P15)They are very practical and easy to wash.
它們非常實用，而且便于清洗。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①As far as I’m concerned, this complex sentence is not easy to__explain(explain), so I want you to help me.
②A man who is so difficult to__please(please) must be hard to get along with.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③未來是一個值得憧憬的夢， 但現(xiàn)在才是我們真正擁有的。
The future is a dream which is pleasant to__look__forward__to；but what we have is now.

(1)在本句型中不定式的主動形式表被動意義；不定式和句子的主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系；如不定式是不及物動詞，則要在動詞之后加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。
(2)常用于該句型的形容詞有difficult, hard, easy, comfortable, pleasant, interesting, exciting，(im-)possible等。　
[佳句背誦] It’s much more comfortable and safer to travel by high-speed train in China now.
現(xiàn)在在中國乘高速列車旅行更舒適、更安全。

維度一　在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式
1．(2018·浙江卷6月)And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage(percent) of all garbage on the ground today.
2．(2018·北京卷)Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing(appeal)．
3．(2018·北京卷)With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance(important) of leadership and being part of a bigger task.
4．The news reporter hurried to the airport，only to__be__informed(inform) that the star had left.
5．(2018·北京卷)More than 750，000 have graduated from SAC，with many seeking employment in engineering，aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety(various) of other professions.
維度二　在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~
1．The spokesman refused to make comments on/upon the accident happening last night.
2．The children won’t be allowed to go there if they don’t behave themselves．
3．The World Trade Organization came into existence in the 1990s.
4．If so, it might be time to let them go.
5．Americans don’t go in for tea, which is served between four and five.
維度三　易錯混用(改正下列句子中的錯誤)
1．To our amused, our maths teacher was wearing a pair of red trousers that day. amused→amusement
2．The boy was so clever that he was sent to the advancing class. advancing→advanced
3．As far as I concerned, the young man is too careless to finish the work.在I后加am
4．I have heard that Tom is ill.If is so, I will go to see him today. 刪除第二個is
5．The old man did went through many difficulties during the World War Ⅱ. went→go
維度四　語境品詞(寫出加黑詞匯在語境中的意義)
1．George was responsible for the accident because he didn’t give a signal to other drivers.信號
2．(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience.They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.吸引
3．(2017·全國卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her education.決定；決心
4．Miss Li went through my composition and made some useful comments about it.評論
5．You should be ashamed of yourself for telling such lies.感到羞恥的
6．(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior. 舉止；行為
7．(2017·天津卷)In the years of my growing up, Dad was strict with me. He made sure I made my bed and did my homework. He would call in advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the party.提前

提能一　語段填空(短文中黑體部分為本單元核心知識點，請補全短文，并背誦體會黑體部分用法)
At present, there are 1.varieties(variety) of ways to earn money, like singing, dancing, writing and even playing games. 2.Determined(determine) to live a rich life, many farmers go to town. Besides, the education in town 3.appeals(appeal) to them because they are aware 4.of the importance of their children’s education in the future. The number of students 5.dropping(drop) out is going down year by year. More and more people hold the idea 6.thatknowledge means money. Some young people learn 7.practical(practice) skills to set up their business instead of working for large firms. As far as they 8.are__concerned(concern), they are pleased to learn advanced technology so that they can replace old ways with efficient 9.ones in their business. They 10.truly(true) hope to help those out of work with their successful business.
提能二　話題寫作(用本單元詞匯、句式和語法知識寫滿分作文)
1．補全要點句(黑體部分請用本單元所學(xué)詞匯)
①許多人一心想掙錢。
A large number of people are__determined__to__earn__money．
②他們富裕起來就會考慮他們要用這些錢做些什么。
They get rich and they tend to consider what__they__will__do__with the money.
③另一些人可能會把一些錢捐出去幫助殘疾人。
Some people may give__away some money to help__the__disabled．
④另一些人用錢幫助失業(yè)的人們。
Others will help those who__are__out__of__work with money.
⑤我們應(yīng)通過辛勤的勞動致富，對財富不要過分貪婪。
We are__supposed__to__earn__money by working hard and we shouldn’t be__too__greedy__for__wealth．
2．升級平淡句
⑥用once引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句升級句②
Once__they__get__rich,__they__tend__to__consider__what__they__will__do__with__the__money.
3．銜接成美文(注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡銜接詞匯：as far as I’m concerned)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
A large number of people are determined to earn money. Once they get rich, they tend to consider what they will do with the money. Some people may give away some money to help the disabled. Others will help those who are out of work with money. As far as I’m concerned, we are supposed to earn money by working hard and we shouldn’t be too greedy for wealth.

課時練1　2篇閱讀＋1篇完形
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2020·洛陽、許昌質(zhì)檢)The cost of living in countries like the U．S., Britain, Australia or France has skyrocketed(飛漲) in recent years. However, if you’re willing to leave your country and explore life in other areas, there are many countries boasting an extremely cheap and low cost of living. Check out the following countries when planning your next move.
Ecuador
Ecuador is similar to the United States in many ways, and as a result has become a popular American getaway. They even use the U．S. dollar for their currency. In this country, it’s cheaper to eat out every day than cook for yourself on a budget in the U．S. You can even buy a property for around $50，000 and hire someone to tend to it while you’re away.
Mexico
Although the country is known for its poverty-ridden streets, there are many wealthier areas that provide every facility you might need. You can live off a mere $700 to $800 a month in Mexico, and this includes rent for a nice place, facilities, food, and any sightseeing.
Argentina
Argentina has been a popular tourist destination for many years. It has great restaurants, a rich history, and many places to explore. Not to mention, it’s not very expensive to live there. A decent sized home can cost around $139，000, which is relatively cheap in relation to homes in the United States.
Vietnam
Vietnam has also become a popular tourist destination in recent years. There are many million dollar luxury homes by the beach, but you can find a modest flat or small home for around $25，000 to $50，000 if you search in the right areas.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文介紹了四個生活成本低的宜居國家。
1．How much does it take at least to live in Mexico for a year?
A．About $7，000.
B．About $8，000.
C．About $8，400.
D．About $9，800.
C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“You can live off a mere $700 to $800 a month in Mexico, and this includes rent for a nice place, facilities, food, and any sightseeing.”，并結(jié)合題干可知，在墨西哥生活一年至少花費：$700*12＝$8，400，故選C。
2．What does Argentina and Vietnam have in common?
A．They both have great restaurants.
B．The cost of living in them is both expensive.
C．The middle-sized homes both cost around $139，000.
D．People are all fond of travelling to the two countries.
D　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Argentina has been a popular tourist destination for many years.”和第五段第一句“Vietnam has also become a popular tourist destination in recent years.”可知，這兩個國家都受到旅游者的熱捧，故選D。
3．In which country did the purchaser probably pay extra money after he left?
A．Ecuador.　 B．Mexico.
C．Argentina. D．Vietnam.
A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“You can even buy a property for around $50，000 and hire someone to tend to it while you’re away.”可推知，在厄瓜多爾雇人看房子是要付費的，與題干吻和，故選A。
B
(2020·濰坊統(tǒng)一考試)When traveling on a budget, every dollar counts. Unfortunately, the cost of tickets alone can make a serious hole in your savings. Don’t let that stop you from taking your dream vacation, though. According to Jeff Klee, CEO of CheapAir.com, there is a “sweet spot” to get the biggest bang for your buck.
“The most important rule is fairly obvious: don’t wait until the last minute, as that rarely works out，” he said in a statement. “But beyond that, you also want to be careful not to buy too early.”
Still, that’s easier said than done. Finding the most cost-efficient time to book is tough. Luckily, somebody did the math—so you don’t have to. Data crunchers from the online travel agency CheapAir.com surveyed over 917 million fares to determine the day with the cheapest rates.
Here’s what they found: while prices tend to stay the same between 320 and 106 days before a trip, they start dropping at the 105-day mark. That said, you might be tempted to book the moment prices drop. But hold on! You’ll save even more money by booking precisely 70 days before your trip. According to CheapAir.com, you can save 48 percent of the ticket’s total cost by using this trick. After that date, airfares will begin to increase again. And don’t even think about booking any later than 20 days ahead of time, as prices will be soaring.
So, what are you waiting for? Start planning your next dream vacation, and book accordingly. Your wallet will thank you—guaranteed.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要介紹了購買便宜飛機票的方法和策略。
4．When can we book our plane tickets to save the most money?
A．The later, the better.
B．As early as possible.
C．105 days before our trip.
D．70 days before our trip.
D　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容尤其是第四句“You’ll save even more money by booking precisely 70 days before your trip.”可知，旅行70天前預(yù)訂機票節(jié)省的錢最多，故選D。
5．How much can the trick help us save if the ticket costs $400 totally?
A．$48. B．$192.
C．$208. D．$352.
B　解析：數(shù)字計算題。根據(jù)第四段第五句“According to CheapAir.com, you can save 48 percent of the ticket’s total cost by using this trick.”，并結(jié)合題干可知，原價是400美元的飛機票總共可以節(jié)?。?400×48%＝$192，故選B。
6．What’s the purpose of the author in writing this text?
A．To explain what a “sweet spot” is.
B．To attract people to traveling by plane.
C．To show the ways of booking plane tickets.
D．To tell people how to buy cheap plane tickets.
D　解析：寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“When traveling on a budget, every dollar counts.”和對本文的整體理解可推知，本文的主要目的是介紹購買便宜飛機票的策略和方法，故選D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·安徽六安模擬)As a child, I was always good at drawing and art. I won__1__， got constant attention, and even saw my face in the __2__ and on television because of my natural ability to __3__．
Most people who __4__ to come across something that they are good at are __5__ to take it and run with it. Of course, my life was no __6__. From teachers, to principals, to family members, __7__ seemingly had a ton of advice to give me in regard to art.
All the while, my true desire was __8__. I entered poetry, essay, and short-story contests and __9__ them all. It was such a contrast with my artistic __10__ experience! It was so bad that I __11__ a good friend of mine who told me once, “If you are so good at drawing, why do you even care about writing? __12__ drawing！”
Though well－intentioned, eighteen years later I’m __13__ I didn’t take his words to heart. Years went by with me still writing and still occasionally entering __14__. It wasn’t until my first year in college that I finally got an honorable __15__ in a poetry contest. As a writer I’ve truly __16__．
I’m sure there are things in your life that are __17__ and yet, rewarding. Endurance(忍耐), especially when it comes to things you truly love is __18__. Take some time to devote some more __19__ to the “thing” that doesn’ t come __20__ and see what happens.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　作者通過自己的親身經(jīng)歷，說明了這樣一個道理：對自己真正喜歡的東西，要堅持不懈地去追求，最終總會取得成功。
1．A.praise B．a(chǎn)wards
C．supports D．success
B　解析：根據(jù)下文“got constant attention, and even saw my face in the ______ and on television because of my natural ability to ______”可知，“我”獲獎了。故選B。A：表揚； B：獎賞；C：支持； D：成功。
2．A.street B．school
C．newspaper D．book
C　解析：根據(jù)常識可知，可以在報紙(newspaper)上和電視上看到“我”的臉，故選C。
3．A.draw B．a(chǎn)ct
C．learn D．show
A　解析：根據(jù)“As a child, I was always good at drawing and art.”可知，當(dāng)是孩童時，“我”就一直擅長繪畫和美術(shù)，故選A。
4．A.want B．mean
C．a(chǎn)gree D．happen
D　解析：句意：大多數(shù)人碰巧(happen)遇到他們擅長的東西，會被別人鼓勵(encouraged)接受并且運用它。
5．A.encouraged B．invited
C．developed D．permitted
A　解析：參見上題解析。A：鼓勵；B：邀請；C：發(fā)展；D：允許。
6．A.perfect B．different
C．similar D．lucky
B　解析：句意：當(dāng)然，我的人生也沒有什么不同。A：完美的；B：不同的；C：相似的；D：幸運的。
7．A.everyone B．who
C．that D．no one
A　解析：根據(jù)上文“From teachers, to principals, to family members”可知，對于藝術(shù)，每個人(everyone)似乎都有一大堆建議給“我”。
8．A.art B．fixing
C．writing D．music
C　解析：根據(jù)下文“If you are so good at drawing, why do you even care about writing？______ drawing！”可知，“我”真正的愿望是寫作(writing)。
9．A.won B．ignored
C．missed D．lost
D　解析：根據(jù)下文“It was such a contrast with my artistic ______ experience！”中的contrast可知，和“我”參加藝術(shù)比賽形成鮮明對比的是，“我”參加詩文、散文、短篇小說比賽總是失敗(lost)。A：獲勝；B：忽略；C：錯過；D：輸?shù)?比賽、訴訟案件、辯論等)。
10．A.interest B．competition
C．career D．talent
B　解析：句意：這與我的藝術(shù)比賽(competition)形成了鮮明的對比。
11．A.had B．made
C．found D．met
A　解析：句意：我有(had)一個好朋友，曾經(jīng)告訴我：“如果你特別擅長繪畫，你為什么還要關(guān)心寫作？堅持(Stick to)繪畫！”
12．A.Give up B．Take in
C．Stick to D．Put away
C　解析：參見上題解析。A：放棄；B：吸收；C：堅持；D：放好，存儲。
13．A.glad B．sorry
C．sad D．sure
A　解析：根據(jù)下文“It wasn’t until my first year in college that I finally got an honorable ______ in a poetry contest. As a writer I’ve truly ______．”可知，作為一個作家，“我”成功了，由此判斷“我”很高興(glad)當(dāng)初沒有把這個朋友的話放在心上。
14．A.training B．contests
C．a(chǎn)rticles D．trouble
B　解析：根據(jù)下文“It wasn’t until my first year in college that I finally got an honorable ______ in a poetry contest.”可知，隨著時間的流逝，“我”依然堅持寫作，偶爾參加比賽(contests)。
15．A.appearance B．change
C．mention D．name
C　解析：根據(jù)“As a writer I’ve truly ______．”可知，最終在詩歌比賽中，“我”被提及。get a mention被提及。
16．A.forgot B．regretted
C．expected D．grown
D　解析：作為一名作家，“我”真正地成長(grown)了。A：忘記；B：遺憾，后悔；C：期待；D：成長。
17．A.challenging B．beautiful
C．a(chǎn)ppealing D．hopeful
A　解析：根據(jù)下文“and yet, rewarding. Endurance (忍耐)”可知，此處指“我”確信在你的人生中會有充滿挑戰(zhàn)的事情。A：充滿挑戰(zhàn)的；B：美麗的；C：吸引人的；D：有希望的。
18．A.meaningless B．popular
C．essential D．painful
C　解析：句意：忍耐，特別是就你真正喜愛的事情而言，是至關(guān)重要的。A：無意義的；B：受歡迎的；C：重要的；D：痛苦的。
19．A.consideration B．energy
C．money D．education
B　解析：句意：花時間投入更多的精力到不容易的“事情”上，看看會發(fā)生什么。A：考慮；B：精力； C：錢；D：教育。
20．A.young B．bad
C．usual D．easy
D　解析：參見上題解析。not come easy (to sb.)(對某人來說)并非易事。
課時練2　2篇閱讀＋1篇七選五
＋1篇語法填空
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2020·信陽高三調(diào)研) I was waiting for my train and on the subway station’s floor was a man just sitting there. I looked around and nobody stopped so I just went my way. After a few steps, I turned and asked him whether he needed help. He told me his house was one station further and he would only need to take the train there. So I reached for his hand to help him stand up.
He wanted to take the stairs but I feared that he would hurt himself since he seemed too weak to walk, so I asked him to take the elevator. Even though my mind was trying to turn the danger lights on, I put the thought that I should not go alone with a drunken man out of my mind and accompanied him on the elevator.
We arrived on the platform with no incidents. The man’s knees seemed to soften, so I asked him to rest on a bench. While sitting there, he thanked me, telling me that I saved him. No, I said, I really did nothing; he saved himself as he walked on his own feet.
At the next station, we said our goodbyes. Before I knew it, he left 100 dollars and dashed out of the train. There was no way to give him back his money. I wanted to leave it on the seat, but a young woman who thought it belonged to me ran after me and gave me the note.
My initial reaction to getting that money was of shame and I even felt offended. Then I thought he just wanted to thank me, the best way he knew how. Now, my question is—what act of kindness shall I do with these 100 dollars?
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇記敘文。作者在地鐵站臺看到有個醉漢坐在地上，于是把對方攙扶起來并陪他坐上地鐵，臨下車的時候?qū)Ψ饺o作者一百美元，作者準(zhǔn)備用這筆錢繼續(xù)幫助別人。
1．Why was the man sitting on the subway station’s floor?
A．Because he wanted to go home.
B．Because he was seriously ill.
C．Because he was drunk.
D．Because he was waiting for the train.
C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句中的“I put the thought...with a drunken man”可知，這個人坐在地鐵站的地上是因為喝醉了，故選C。
2．Seeing the money left by the man, the author first felt ________．
A．a(chǎn)shamed B．grateful
C．delighted D．frustrated
A　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句中的“My initial reaction...was of shame”可知，作者看到這筆錢最初的反應(yīng)是感到羞愧，故選A。
3．How will the author possibly deal with the money?
A．Give it back.
B．Buy something favorable.
C．Leave it on the seat.
D．Give it to people in need.
D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Now, my question is...do with these 100 dollars？”可推知，作者下一步要用這筆錢去幫助他人，故選D。
B
(2020·濟南高三質(zhì)檢)There are only a few truly pleasant smells to wake up to in the morning. For me, it’s the smell of freshly brewed coffee. Just a sniff of it makes me jump out of bed and rush to the kitchen for a gulp of the hot black liquid.
If you’re a big fan of coffee, you’ll understand that opening a new packet of coffee releases an amazing smell—fresh, roasted coffee beans. And you’ll be able to identify the beans’ origin—Colombia, Vietnam or Brazil. Tim Hayward is a food writer and coffee shop owner; he believes the smell is absolutely vital. “When you walk into the coffee shop in the morning and that smell hits you, you’re getting physiological responses.”
I know from experience when I walk into a cafe, my mouth begins to water and it’s the smell that makes me feel good. However, this feeling sometimes turns to disappointment. This is particularly the case when I order a coffee to go in a tall paper cup and sip the liquid through a hole in the lid. Yes, it’s convenient, but is it really the right way to appreciate it?
You walk into the coffee shop, you get the smell, but when you actually take the drink out, you are drinking it from something that is designed to deliver the hot liquid directly past your tongue, but prevent any smell coming up to your nose. As well as eliminating the smell, takeaway coffee cups create a lot of waste and a vast majority of them still don’t get recycled. So maybe now is the time to really wake up and smell the coffee by drinking from a cup in a cafe, chatting with friends and saving the planet!
【解題導(dǎo)語】　咖啡的味道令作者著迷，但是紙杯裝的咖啡，其味道被阻隔了，無法讓人感覺到咖啡真正的味道，并且紙杯還帶來污染。
4．In which aspect does the author agree with Tim Hayward?
A．People drink coffee first thing in the morning.
B．Coffee beans’ origin makes all the differences.
C．Some people are addicted to drinking coffee.
D．It’s the smell of coffee that really matters.
D　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“For me, it’s the smell of freshly brewed coffee.”以及第二段第三句中的“he believes the smell is absolutely vital”可知，兩人都認(rèn)為咖啡的味道非常重要。故選D。
5．What does the author complain about?
A．The process of making coffee.
B．The high temperature of coffee.
C．The design of the paper coffee cup.
D．The inconvenience of buying coffee.
C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句和第四段第一句中的“you are drinking it from something that is designed to deliver the hot liquid directly past your tongue, but prevent any smell coming up to your nose”可知，紙杯的設(shè)計令作者不滿。故選C。
6．What can replace the word “eliminating” underlined in Paragraph 4?
A．Creating.　　 B．Removing.
C．Increasing. D．Changing.
B　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第一句中的“prevent any smell coming up to your nose”并結(jié)合畫線詞所在句可推知，該詞的含義與“prevent”含義相近，故選B。
7．What can be the best title of the text?
A．Wake Up and Smell the Coffee
B．Try to Be a Real Lover of Coffee
C．Drink Coffee to Save the Planet
D．Choose Takeaway Coffee for Convenience
A　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“For me, it’s the smell of freshly brewed coffee.”并結(jié)合文章其他內(nèi)容可知，全文圍繞咖啡的味道展開敘述，主要講述了作者對咖啡味道的喜愛，并表述了打包帶走的紙杯裝咖啡的壞處，并因此建議不如在咖啡館內(nèi)坐下來，細細品味咖啡，故A項最適合作本文標(biāo)題。
Ⅱ.七選五
(2020·平頂山名校模擬)From sports teams to movie characters, we love supporting the weak. While that’s inspiring for a film or a story, it can be hard to remain positive when you’re experiencing a struggle. It’s said that what is most personal is most universal. 1.________ Here are some important reasons why you should share your story of struggles.
You can shine a light for others. 2.________ Sometimes，that’s all someone needs to get through a difficult time. You can help even more by applying ideas and solutions creatively to their own problems.
3．________ It’s uncomfortable to admit to others your failures, struggles or other moments of weakness. That’s true for everyone yet opening yourself up to moments of weakness is surprisingly satisfying. It requires courage and being courageous requires practice.
People will support you. 4.________ We all do. So why not share the ways you’ve faced great difficulty and bounced back？If no one knows your struggles then they’ll never know to cheer for you or what you’ve overcome to reach where you are today.
Another great aspect of sharing your story is that it helps you remember the lesson you have learned. 5.________ Understanding what happened and how you handled situations can provide you with the ways clearly on how to do things better and move forward. You can also share key experience alongside your story so others can learn, too.
A．It helps you find your voice.
B．You love a good comeback story.
C．It allows you to practise courage.
D．You can objectively analyze your own past.
E．That’s why your story can bring much value.
F．Be open with the world about the good and the bad.
G．Sharing your story will help them realize they aren’t alone.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要介紹了與他人分享你的奮斗故事的原因。
1．E　解析：承接上文“It’s said that what is most personal is most universal.”，并與下文“Here are some important reasons why you should share your story of struggles.”相呼應(yīng)可推知，E項“這就是為什么你的故事可以帶來很多價值”符合語境，所以選E項。
2．G　解析：根據(jù)下文“Sometimes，that’s all someone needs to get through a difficult time.”，并結(jié)合上文“You can shine a light for others.”可推知，分享你的故事將有助于他人產(chǎn)生共鳴，所以選G項。
3．C　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“It requires courage and being courageous requires practice.”可推知，本段主要講述的是分享你的故事有助于鍛煉自己的勇氣，所以選C項。
4．B　解析：根據(jù)下文“We all do. So why not share the ways you’ve faced great difficulty and bounced back？”可推知，人們都喜歡東山再起的故事，所以為什么不分享一下你面臨很大困難卻能重整旗鼓的方法？所以選B項。
5．D　解析：根據(jù)下文“Understanding what happened and how you handled situations can provide you with the ways clearly on how to do things better and move forward.”可推知，分享你的故事有助于客觀地分析你自己的過去，從而總結(jié)經(jīng)驗、吸取教訓(xùn)，所以選D項。
Ⅲ.語法填空
(2020·沈陽教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測一)Senior citizens are the first to come to our mind when we think of hearing loss, but in a recent report, hearing professionals worry teenagers will soon outnumber aging adults 1.____________ it comes to living with hearing loss.
The rise in popularity of personal audio devices from iPods to smart phones has had dangerous effect on the ears of those who use them most—teenagers! A study 2.____________(conduct) by the World Health Organization finds that nearly 50% of teens 3.____________(fall) into the habit of exposing themselves to unsafe levels of sound so far.
A sound is considered unsafe when it goes beyond 85 decibels(分貝). At that level, it takes just 8 hours of listening over your lifetime to cause damage. The louder the sound is, the 4.____________(little) time it takes to cause damage. Because hearing loss is 5.____________(typical) considered as a health problem for the elderly, it is difficult to convince already stubborn teenagers that they really are doing damage 6.____________ their ears.
Young adults 7.____________ have been exposed to noise over a period of time may have some hearing loss symptoms. Their 8.____________(able) to learn is compromised, and they may have difficulty developing social skills.
In an effort to help teens better protect their hearing, we suggest 9.____________(set) volume limits on personal audio devices. 10.____________ is also good to limit the amount of time exposed to noise and to take listening breaks to give the ears a rest.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇說明文，主要分析了青少年聽力下降的原因并提出了相應(yīng)的應(yīng)對策略。
1．when　解析：考查固定用法。when it comes to sth.意為“當(dāng)涉及某事時”，為固定用法，故填when。
2．conducted　解析：考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動詞conduct和句子主語A study之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故填其過去分詞形式。
3．have fallen　解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)句子中的時間狀語“so far”可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，故填have fallen。
4．less　解析：考查形容詞的比較級?！皌he＋比較級，the＋比較級”意為“越……就越……”，為固定句型，根據(jù)該句中的“The louder”可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞比較級，故填less。
5．typically　解析：考查副詞。修飾動詞應(yīng)用副詞，故填副詞typically修飾其后的動詞“considered”，在句子中作狀語。
6. to　解析：考查介詞。do damage to意為“對……造成損害”是固定用法，故此處應(yīng)填介詞to。
7．who/that　解析：考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞Young adults，且在從句中作主語，故填who/that。
8．a(chǎn)bility　解析：考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)語境及空前的形容詞性物主代詞“Their”可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞；又根據(jù)空后的“is”可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞的單數(shù)形式，故填ability。
9．setting　解析：考查非謂語動詞。suggest doing sth.意為“建議做某事”，是固定用法，并結(jié)合語境可知，此處應(yīng)填setting。
10．It　解析：考查代詞。it＋系動詞＋形容詞＋to do sth.是固定句型，it作形式主語，不定式作真正的主語，故填it；又因為位于句首，故填I(lǐng)t。

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