一、語基必備知識
(一)重點詞匯——分類記憶
Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯——知其意
1．sideways adv.　　　　　　　 向一邊，向一側(cè)
2．vertical adj. 垂直的，豎的
3．rainbow n. 彩虹
4．woollen adj. 羊毛制的
5．conscience n. 良心
6．dimension n. 方面；度量
7．botany n. 植物學(xué)
8．symphony n. 交響樂，交響曲
9．dignity n. 尊貴；莊嚴(yán)
10．polished adj. 優(yōu)雅的，精致的
11．shabby adj. 低劣的；骯臟破爛的
12．romantic adj. 浪漫的
13．stout adj. 肥胖的
14．theme n. 主題
15．catalogue n. 商品目錄
Ⅱ.核心詞匯——寫其形
1．superior adj. 高級的，上等的
2．overweight adj. 超重的，過重的
3．a(chǎn)ccompany vt. 伴隨，陪同
4．range n. (數(shù)、量、年齡等的)變化范圍；等級；類別
5．subjective adj. 主觀的
6．delicate adj. 精美的，雅致的
7．vain adj. 自負(fù)的，炫耀的
8．a(chǎn)brupt adj. 突然的，出其不意的
9．bend v. 彎曲
10．unlike prep. 不像，和……不同
11．convey vt. 傳達(dá)，表達(dá)
12．a(chǎn)ffection n. 愛慕，鐘愛
13．trap vt. 誘捕，設(shè)圈套
14．manner n. 方式，方法
15．drawback n. 缺點，弊端
Ⅲ.拓展詞匯——通其變
1．breathless adj.令人屏息的→breath n．呼吸→breathe v．呼吸
2．a(chǎn)dore vt.敬愛，非常喜歡→adoration n．熱愛；愛慕→adorable adj.可愛的
3．consistent adj.一致的，始終如一的→consistency n．連貫性，一致性→consistently adv.連續(xù)地
4．commitment n．責(zé)任，義務(wù)；承諾→commit vt.犯(罪或錯誤等)
5．command n．& v．命令，指揮→commander n．指揮官
6．a(chǎn)ccessible adj.容易理解的→access n．接近，進(jìn)入，通道；(使用或見到的)機(jī)會，權(quán)利
7．deliver vt.遞送，傳送→delivery n．送貨；投遞
8．thrill n．興奮；恐懼 v．使興奮→thrilled adj.非常興奮的→thrilling adj.令人激動的
9．refresh vt.消除……的疲勞，使振作精神→refreshing adj.使人精神振作的→refreshment n．恢復(fù)精神，心曠神怡
10．tendency n．傾向，趨勢→tend v．有……的趨勢，傾向于……
11．disturbing adj.使人煩惱的→disturb v．妨礙，擾亂→disturbance n．?dāng)_亂，騷亂，不安
12．steady adj.平穩(wěn)的；穩(wěn)定的→steadily adv.平穩(wěn)地
13．freezing adj.嚴(yán)寒的，冰凍的→freeze v．將……冷凍，凍僵→frozen adj.結(jié)冰的，冷凍的
14．treat vt.對待→treatment n．對待；處理
15．strike vt.打；打動 n．罷工；打擊→striking adj.引人注目的，突出的
16．evident adj.明顯的，明白的→evidence n．證據(jù)，證明
17．recommend vt.推薦，介紹→recommendation n．推薦，介紹

1.“觀點，態(tài)度”形容詞薈萃
①positive　　　　　　　 積極的
②subjective 主觀的
③neutral 中立的
④objective 客觀的
⑤negative 消極的
⑥critical 批評的
⑦doubtful 懷疑的
2.“喜歡”詞匯個個清
①adore
②enjoy
③love/like
④prefer
⑤feel like
⑥be keen on
⑦be addicted to
3.含后綴“-less”的形容詞集錦
①endless　　　　　　　 永無休止的
②hopeless 無望的
③worthless 無價值的
④breathless 令人屏息的
⑤careless 粗心的
⑥helpless 無助的
⑦h(yuǎn)omeless 無家可歸的
(二)重點短語——記牢用活
1．die__out　　　　　　　　　 完全消失，滅絕
2．compared__to/with 與……比較起來
3．hang__on__a__second 等一下
4．a(chǎn)__set__of 一套
5．fall__in__love__with... 愛上……
6．be__keen__on... 熱衷于……，非常喜歡……
7．lose__sight__of 看不見
8．deal__with 對付，處理
9．in__charge__of 負(fù)責(zé)，管理
10．in__an__instant 立即，馬上，突然
11．be__trapped__in... 被困在……中
12．to__be__honest 說實話
13．bits__and__pieces 各種各樣的零碎東西
14．in__preparation__for 為……做準(zhǔn)備
15．rely__on 依靠，依賴

1.“控制，掌管”家族
①in control of　　　　 控制，掌管
②take control of 控制，掌控
③take charge of 控制，掌管
④in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)，管理
⑤in the charge of 由……掌管
⑥under the control of 在……控制下
2.sight短語集錦
①at first sight　　 初次見面；乍一看
②at the sight of 看到
③out of sight 看不到
④in/within sight 在視野內(nèi)
⑤come into sight 出現(xiàn)
⑥lose sight of 看不見
3.fall相關(guān)短語全掃描
①fall asleep　　　　 睡著
②fall ill 生病
③fall apart 破碎；散架
④fall behind 落后
⑤fall over 摔倒
⑥fall in love with... 愛上……
(三)重點句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：don’t think...為否定轉(zhuǎn)移結(jié)構(gòu)
Oh, I don’t__think that’s fair！　噢，我認(rèn)為那是不公平的！
句型2：倒裝句：so＋系動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語
So__do__I...　我也一樣……
句型3：“名詞＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)
Head__bent,__in homesickness I am drowned.　低頭思故鄉(xiāng)。
二、語境強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.語境填詞——根據(jù)提示寫出該詞的適當(dāng)形式
1．The Chinese folk song conveying(傳達(dá)) the feeling of sadness for the missing loved one is loved by many people living abroad.
2．(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range(范圍) has been poorly studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20，000－25，000 polar bears worldwide.
3．Those who have trouble bending(彎腰) can have a rest in the room.
4．He spoke in such a rude manner(方式) that she refused to reply.
5．One of his major shortcomings is that he always bases his judgement on subjective(主觀的) opinions.
6．(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)Once his message was delivered(deliver), he allowed me to stay and watch.
7．Education in old days was not accessible(access) to women in that country.
8．(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)Our hosts shared many of their experiences and recommended(recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.
9．It was well below freezing(freeze) when we left the village that morning.
10．(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence(evident) in a medical journal, runners live three years longer that non-runners.
Ⅱ.派生詞練習(xí)——用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1．The magic of his music continued to thrill audience. All the audience were thrilled to listen to his thrilling music.(thrill)
2．Sorry to disturb you, but I need a place where I can work without disturbance and the noise in your room is too disturbing．(disturb)
3．It’s so freezing that you’ll freeze if you don’t put the coat on.The ground is frozen under the thin snow.(freeze)
4．Your reply to these questions showed no real consistency．They were not consistent with what you said earlier and I’m fed up with your consistently lying.(consistent)
5．From the look of the adoration in his eyes, I knew that he adored these adorable cookies.(adore)
Ⅲ.選詞成篇
be keen on; compared to; in an instant; fall in love with; in preparation for; deal with
1．Compared__to me, my friend Tom takes charge of a bigger company.His girlfriend 2.is__keen__on coming up with new ideas. Tom 3.fell__in__love__with her 4.in__an__instant when he came across her at a big meeting. They often 5.deal__with problems together.To my joy, they are 6.in__preparation__for their wedding at present.
turn up; be based on; be trapped in; to be honest; rely on; in charge of
7．To__be__honest,__Mary 8.is__trapped__in trouble.It is her grandparents who are 9.in__charge__of her life and study all the time.She can’t live a life which 10.is__based__on her own ability.Whenever she meets with difficulties, her parents will 11.turn__up. But recently, they fell ill. So she has to 12.rely__on herself to live and study.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．(2017·北京卷)她認(rèn)為她對心肺復(fù)蘇不夠了解。
She didn’t__think she knew CPR well enough.
2．當(dāng)我們開始與陌生人交談的時候，我們想要感到舒服，他們也是這樣。
When we begin conversations with new people, we want to feel comfortable, and so__do__they．
3．作業(yè)完成之后，男孩就出去和他的朋友們踢球去了。
His__homework__finished,__the boy went to play football with his friends.

accompany　vt.陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①(2018·浙江卷6月)For another, I have accumulated related experience by working part-time in a travel agency, accompanying(accompany) some foreign tourists.
②(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)Teresa posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website accompanied(accompany) by the touching words.
③While she was singing on the stage, her mother was accompanying her on the piano.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④因為在節(jié)日時無人陪伴，這位老太太感到孤獨。
With__nobody__accompanying__her__during__the__festival,__the old lady felt lonely.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))

(1)accompany sb.＝keep sb. company 陪伴某人
accompany sb. to someplace 陪伴某人到某地
accompany sb. on＋樂器
用某種樂器為某人伴奏
(2)companion n. 同伴；伙伴
[佳句背誦] We did a lot for the elderly at the nursing home, cleaning their rooms，washing clothes for them and accompanying them, which made them very happy.　在敬老院我們?yōu)槔先俗隽嗽S多事情，打掃房間、洗衣服、陪伴他們，這使他們非常高興。(全國卷Ⅱ)
range　n．山脈；范圍；行列　v．排列；變化；包括……之間的各類事物
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①(2017·北京卷)The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ranging(range) from butterflies to elephants.
②a.If we aren’t within/in range of the signal, our phones can’t be used.
b．(天津卷)The price was beyond our range, so we declined.
[能力提升]——詞匯升級
③(普通表達(dá))In addition to these traditional activities, we have many different choices such as traveling and visiting our relatives or friends. (遼寧卷)
(高級表達(dá))In addition to these traditional activities，we have a__wide__range__of choices such as traveling and visiting our relatives or friends.

(1)range from...to...＝ range between...and...　　 在……范圍內(nèi)變動
(2)a range of 一系列……
a wide range of 大范圍的；各種各樣的
(3)in/within range of sth. 在某范圍內(nèi)
out of/beyond range of sth.
在某范圍外　
[佳句背誦] Dragon pattern, as a traditional decorative pattern of China, has a wide range of applications in the traditional clothing and other areas.
龍紋是中國傳統(tǒng)的裝飾紋樣，在傳統(tǒng)服飾以及其他領(lǐng)域中都有廣泛的應(yīng)用。
command　n．命令；(常用于軍隊)指揮；控制　v．命令；指揮；掌握；支配
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①a.The president commanded that all the information (should)__be__sent(send) to him right away.
b．The manager gave his command that measures should__be__taken(take) immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing.
②The boss commanded his workers not to__leave(leave) their office before six o’clock because he had an important thing to announce.
③Mr.White was in command of that company after Mr. Smith retired.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級
④(普通表達(dá)) I have__such__a__good__command__of__English__that(英語學(xué)得很好以至于)I am elected as assistant to my English teacher. (such...that...)
⑤(高級表達(dá))Such__a__good__command__of__English__do__I__have__that__I__am__elected__as__assistant__to__my__English__teacher.(倒裝句)

(1)have a good command of　 掌握，精通……
in command of 掌握；控制
(2)command sb.to do sth. 命令某人做某事
command that sb.(should) do sth.
命令某人應(yīng)該做某事　
[佳句背誦] Large football clubs benefit financially from TV income and the top players can command very large salaries.　大型足球俱樂部從電視收入中獲得利潤，頂尖的運動員也能得到高額的薪水。(江西卷)
[名師點津] 后接賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句時，從句的謂語動詞用“(should) do”的單詞有：一堅持 (insist)；二命令(order，command)；三建議(advise，suggest，recommend)；四要求(require，request, demand, desire)。
deliver　vt.遞送，傳送，傳達(dá)；發(fā)表(演講等)；接生；生(小孩)
[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中deliver的含義
①President Xi delivered an important report concerning China’s future at the meeting.發(fā)表演講
②He has to earn his living by delivering pure water to customers.運送
③It’s a story of how Lin Qiaozhi went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family.接生
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
④Would you like to have the latest newspapers delivered(deliver) to your door?
⑤The old man said that they hadn’t made regular deliveries(deliver) for a week.
⑥The scientist will fly to France to__deliver(deliver) a speech at the conference.

(1)deliver sth.to sb.　 把某物遞送/傳送給某人
deliver a speech/lecture/talk
發(fā)表演講/授課/講話
(2)delivery n. 送貨；分娩　
[佳句背誦] By the means of controlled release, I only need to deliver books to other participants, not only are books shared but it can build up a bridge connecting readers from different parts of the world as well.
通過定向分享，我只需要把書送達(dá)別的參加者手里，書不但被分享，而且也建立了橋梁聯(lián)系世界不同地區(qū)的讀者。(重慶卷)
convey　vt.傳達(dá)，表達(dá)；運送；傳導(dǎo)，傳播
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①They took a more reasonable approach, conveying(convey) to their children how success at school could improve their lives.
②The police asked the driver to__convey(convey) the passengers to the destination safely.
[能力提升]——詞匯升級
③(普通表達(dá))I would like to express my sincere thanks to you for your help.
(高級表達(dá))I would like to convey__my__sincere__appreciation to you for your assistance．

convey sth.to sb. 　　 向某人表達(dá)/傳達(dá)某事
convey one’s feelings/meanings
表達(dá)某人的感情/意思
convey...from A to B 把……從A地運送到B地　
[佳句背誦] The message conveyed here is clear：“Actions speak louder than words.”　這里傳達(dá)的信息很清楚：“事實勝于雄辯。”(江蘇卷)
treat　vt.& vi.治療；對待；款待　n．款待；招待
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①Men and women must be__treated(treat) equally in education and employment.
②(2018·浙江卷6月)It was summer, and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before.
③(天津卷)Cathy suffered some terrible illness in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment(treat), she finally became healthy.
[能力提升]——句式升級
④(普通表達(dá))If the patient was treated in a proper way, he was likely to be saved.
(高級表達(dá))Treated__in__a__proper__way，the patient was likely to be saved.(分詞作狀語)

(1)treat sb.as...　　　　 把某人當(dāng)……看待
treat sth.seriously 認(rèn)真對待某事/某物
treat sb./oneself to... 用……款待某人/自己
(2)It’s my treat. 我請客。
[佳句背誦] Our teachers are kind to us and treat us as their friends.
我們的老師對我們都很好，并且拿我們當(dāng)朋友對待。
[聯(lián)想發(fā)散] “把……當(dāng)……看待”的表達(dá)形式：
①treat...as...；
②regard/consider...as；
③think__of...as...
strike　v．(雷電、暴風(fēng)雨等)襲擊；擊打；突然想到(想法)；打動；(鐘)敲　n．罷工
[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中strike的詞性和含義
①She was practicing surfing when a shark struck. v．襲擊
②I heard the clock striking eight when I woke up this morning.v.(鐘)敲
③(2018·浙江卷11月)I was just about to pay the taxi driver when it struck me that I had left my wallet on the airplane. v．突然想到
④(福建卷)The workers will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turned down. n．罷工
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級
⑤(普通表達(dá))I was__struck/stricken__by(被打動) his inspiring words, and I decided to make efforts to improve my English.
⑥(高級表達(dá))Struck/Stricken__by__his__inspiring__words,__I decided to make efforts to improve my English.(分詞作狀語)

(1)sth. strikes sb. 某人突然想出……
It strikes sb. that/to do...　 某人想到……
be struck by... 被……打動；迷戀……
strike sb.in/on＋the＋身體部位
打某人某部位
(2)be on/go on strike 在/舉行罷工　
[佳句背誦]
What struck me most was the enthusiasm of the local people.　給我印象最深的是當(dāng)?shù)厝说臒崆椤?br /> [詞塊助記]
Strike while the iron is hot.　 趁熱打鐵。
strike a balance 兩者兼顧；達(dá)到平衡
strike a deal 達(dá)成協(xié)議
recommend　v．推薦；建議
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①(天津卷)It was really annoying; I couldn’t get access to the data bank you had__recommended(recommend)．
②(2018·北京卷)I recommend applying(apply) for Peking University.
③a.I recommend you to__think(think) carefully before you make any decision.
b．I recommend that you (should)__think(think) carefully before you make any decision.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④我想推薦李華為籃球俱樂部的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。
I would like to recommend__Li__Hua__to__be/as__the__leader of the basketball club.
⑤人們建議所有的準(zhǔn)備都做好以后才開始這項計劃。
It__is__recommended__that the project should not be started until all the preparations have been made.

(1)recommend sth.to sb./recommend sb. sth.
　　　　　　　　 向某人推薦/介紹某物
recommend doing sth. 建議做某事
recommend sb.to do sth. 建議某人做某事
recommend that...(should) do...
建議……(應(yīng)該)做……　
It is/was recommended that...(should) do... 有人建議……(應(yīng)該)做……
(2)recommendation n. 　　　 推薦；建議
[佳句背誦] A great many tourist spots can be found along the Yangtze River, and that’s why I recommend you the trip/recommend the trip to you.
長江沿岸景點數(shù)不勝數(shù)，這就是我向你推薦這條線路的原因。(2017·北京卷)
die out　滅亡；逐漸消失
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①As a consequence, many species are quickly dying out．
②When the applause had died down,__she began her speech.
③You mentioned that you would like to teach English in return, which is exactly what I am__dying(die) for.
[能力提升]——詞匯/句式升級
④(普通表達(dá))As the living environment becomes worse and worse, many species are gradually disappearing.
(高級表達(dá))With__the__living__environment__becoming__worse__and__worse,__many species are gradually dying__out．(with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))

(1)die away　　　　　 (聲音、光線等)逐漸消失
die of/from 因……而死
die down 減弱；平息
(2)be dying for 很想要；渴望
be dying to do sth. 極想干某事　
[佳句背誦] Some rare birds in the area are in danger of dying out because of human activities.
這一地區(qū)的一些稀有鳥類由于人類活動正面臨滅絕的危險。
lose one’s sight　失明
[能力提升]——完成句子
①只有鼠目寸光的人才會看不見教育的重要性。
Only a short-sighted man will lose__sight__of__the__importance__of__education．
②我從窗戶向外看去，看見了一列急馳而過的火車。
I looked out of the window and caught__sight__of a train passing by very quickly.
③聽到這個消息，他走進(jìn)大廳，但是一個人也沒看見。
Hearing the news, he walked into the big hall, but there was nobody in/within__sight．

lose sight of...　　　 看不見……；忽略；忘記
catch sight of... 望見/看到……
come into sight 出現(xiàn)在眼前，進(jìn)入視野
at the sight of... 在看到……時
in/within sight 在視線內(nèi)，可以被看見
out of sight 看不見了，不被人看見　
[語段背誦]
When we drove around a corner, a tall mountain came into sight.At the sight of the mountain, all the children began to shout.We drove on and about twenty minutes later，the mountain was out of sight—in front of us was a big forest.
to be honest (with you)　坦白說；老實告訴你(通常置于句首)
[能力提升]——完成句子
①說實話，我不同意你在會議上說的話。
To__be__honest__with__you,__I don’t agree with what you have said at the meeting.
②如果你對別人真誠，別人也會對你如此。
If__you__are__honest__with__others,__they will do the same to you.
③說實話，我不喜歡黃渤主演的電影。
Honestly__speaking,__I don’t like the films starred by the actor Huang Bo.

(1)be honest with sb.　 對某人說老實話，
對某人坦誠
It is honest of sb.to do sth.
某人做某事是誠實的。
(2)honestly speaking 說實在的，說真的　
[佳句背誦] To be honest, I don’t like the way he speaks to me.
說實話，我不喜歡他對我說話的方式。
deal with　處理；安排；對付；論及；涉及；與……打交道；做買賣
[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中deal with的含義
①(2019·浙江卷6月)The principle for dealing with praise is to consider the link between praise and effort.處理
②His article deals with many issues we are greatly concerned about.論及；涉及
③His work experience equipped him to deal with all kinds of people.與……打交道
[能力提升]——一句多譯
事實上，我不知道他們將如何處理這個問題。
④As a matter of fact, I don’t know how__they__will__deal__with__the__problem．(deal with)
⑤In fact, I’m at a loss what__they__will__do__with__the__problem．(do with)

(1)do with sth.　　　　　 處理某事
(2)make a deal 達(dá)成協(xié)議
(3)a great/good deal 大量，許多
a great/good deal of＋不可數(shù)名詞
大量的……　
[佳句背誦] We certainly do spend a great deal of our time waiting.　我們確實花費許多時間等待。
[名師點津] (1)deal with表示“處理”時，常與連接副詞how連用。
(2)do with表示“處理”時，常與連接代詞what連用。

倒裝句：so＋系動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語
(教材P37)So do I...　我也一樣……
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①(2019·全國卷Ⅲ) The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers.
②They couldn’t find out the cause of the fire; neither/nor could we.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③(湖北卷)—Father, you promised!
—Well, so__I__did(我的確如此). But it was you who didn’t keep your word first.
④Mary was born in Australia and she lived in the United States. So__it__was__with__Jane/It__was__the__same__with__Jane(珍也是如此)．

(1)“so＋系動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語”意為“……也一樣”，表示前面所述的肯定情況也適用于后者。
(2)“neither/nor＋系動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語”，意為“……也不”，表示前面所述的否定情況也適用于后者。
(3)“so it is with...＝it is the same with...”意為“……也一樣”，表示前面出現(xiàn)的兩種或幾種情況也適合于另一個人或事。
(4)“so＋主語＋系動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞” 意為“……的確如此”，表示同意上文所述內(nèi)容?！?
“名詞＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)
(教材P38)Head bent, in homesickness I am drowned.　低頭思故鄉(xiāng)。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①So much work to__do(do), we have no time to play.
②The guide leading(lead) the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest.
③The task completed(complete), we had a global traveling.
[能力提升]——句式升級
(普通表達(dá))He was listening attentively in class, and his eyes were fixed on the blackboard.
④(高級表達(dá))He was listening attentively in class, his__eyes__fixed__on__the__blackboard．(獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu))
⑤(高級表達(dá))He was listening attentively in class, with__his__eyes__fixed__on__the__blackboard．(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))

(1)名稱或代詞主格＋分詞
(2)名稱或代詞主格＋不定式
(3)名稱或代詞主格＋形容詞(副詞、名詞、介詞短語) 　
[佳句背誦] We have three large multi－media classrooms in our school, each equipped with the newest computers.
我們學(xué)校有三個大的多媒體教室，每一間都配備了最新的電腦。
[名師點津] 獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語與主句的主語不一致，它獨立存在。該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中一般作狀語，表示時間、條件、原因、伴隨狀況等。

維度一　在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式
1．(2017·全國卷Ⅲ)Authentic fire gear(服裝) is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling(thrill) parts of San Francisco.
2．I was completely breathless(breathe) when I got to the top of the mountain.
3．There is a disturbing(disturb) increase in the crime rate in that area.
4．There is a growing tendency(tend) for people to return to the hometown to start their business.
5．The doctors recommend that the child (should)__have(have) a balanced diet.
維度二　在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~
1．It is obvious that what he says is not consistent with what he does.
2．Your brand is a promise of the value you’ll deliver to your customer.
3．When the fire reached the town, it began to die down,__because there was nothing left to burn.
4．I backed up and went the other direction, to be honest with you.
5．If you did come, she would treat me to an ice cream.
維度三　易錯混用(改正下列句子中的錯誤)
1．The boss said that he would treat us for a big dinner sometime the next week.for→to
2．My father likes staying indoors on Sundays, and so am I．a(chǎn)m→do
3．Their parents used to sitting by the lake when they were very young.sitting→sit
4．The officer commanded that the soldiers would arrive at the area at once.would→should或刪除would
5．The old man told us that some plants in this area had been died out recently.刪除been
維度四　語境品詞(寫出加黑詞匯在語境中的意義)
1．The headmaster delivered an important speech at the meeting yesterday, which left a deep impression on his students.發(fā)表
2．Representing our school, I’m writing to convey my sincere appreciation to you for the lecture concerning body language you gave us last week.表達(dá)
3．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil－testing program which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.建議
4．In response to the appeal, I have made some changes in my way of life, which ranges from transportation to water saving.變化
5．When climbing Mount Huang, all the tourists were struck by its beauty.迷戀
6．(2018·江蘇卷) It’s vital that new compulsory age-appropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England should help equip children to deal with the growing demands of social media.處理

提能一　語段填空(短文中黑體部分為本單元核心知識點，請補全短文，并背誦體會黑體部分用法)
Before meeting Mrs. Liu, I was a troublesome student in my class and caused 1.endless(end) trouble for my class. Those superior students didn’t like getting along 2.with me. The headmaster even gave a command that I 3.(should)__be__sent(send) back home. It was evident that I lived in a freezing environment.
However, our Chinese teacher, Mrs. Liu, treated me in a different manner. She found that I had 4.a great gift for Chinese literature out of my drawbacks. She gave me a 5.recommendation(recommend) that I should read some ancient poems. She chose some accessible poems for me. 6.Later(late), she chose some difficult ones. I had a vague understanding of them. Mrs. Liu explained the real meaning of them to me and taught me how 7.to__be(be) a real man. 8.Gradually(gradual), I changed in many ways. I read a range of poems. I felt ashamed for what I had done before in my conscience. Those poems delivered positive messages.
9．Accompanied(accompany) by these poems, I went through my high school happily. On graduation day, I made a commitment that I would be consistent in loving poems. 10.If possible, I will become a Chinese teacher.
提能二　話題寫作(用本單元詞匯、句式和語法知識寫滿分作文)
1．補全要點句(黑體部分請用本單元所學(xué)詞匯)
①很多女孩子因為節(jié)食而身體變得很脆弱。
Many girls have__become__delicate because they__are__going__on__a__diet．
②很多人一直努力減肥，但是徒勞無功。
Many of them have__been__trying__to__lose__weight,__but__in__vain．
③我認(rèn)為應(yīng)該向這些女孩子傳達(dá)正確的信息。
I think we should convey__some__right__information__to__the__girls．
④她們應(yīng)該吃由蔬菜和水果組成的晚餐。
They should have dinners which__consist__of__vegetables__and__fruits．
⑤很明顯，經(jīng)常運動會幫助保持穩(wěn)定的體重。
Evidently, regular exercise helps__them__keep__steady__weight．
2．升級平淡句
⑥用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語升級句④
They__should__have__dinners__consisting__of__vegetables__and__fruits.
⑦用it作形式主語升級句⑤
It__is__evident__that__regular__exercise__helps__them__keep__steady__weight.
3．銜接成美文(注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡銜接詞匯：nowadays, also)
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One possible version：
Nowadays many girls have become delicate because they are going on a diet.Many of them have been trying to lose weight, but in vain. I think we should convey some right information to the girls. They should have dinners consisting of vegetables and fruits. It is evident that regular exercise also helps them keep steady weight.

課時練1　2篇閱讀＋1篇完形
閱讀理解
A
(2020·合肥調(diào)研)Life on the street is a constant struggle for homeless people. In times of extreme weather conditions, that struggle becomes even more difficult. Recently, homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldn’t find shelter for the night.
Thankfully, one local woman refused to let that happen. On January 30, 2018, 34-year-old Candice Payne, a local managing broker, was lucky enough to have shelter from the dangerous conditions.
“It was －20 ℃， and I knew they were going to be sleeping on ice and I had to do something，” said Payne. Payne started brainstorming different ways she could possibly help. Finally, she decided to see if there were any rooms available at local inns and hotels that she could get to help those stuck on the street.
For Payne, her mission was personal. According to Payne, her husband, Carlos Callahan, had lived on the street at one point in his life. Based on his experiences, Payne knew that the homeless people still out on the street desperately needed help and that if she didn’t step up to help, no one likely would.
However, when Payne explained what she was trying to do, many of the local hotels refused to allow her to pay for the rooms as they didn’t want homeless people to stay in their rooms. “No one wanted them, but one hotel, the Amber Inn, was nice enough to allow me to buy the rooms，” said Payne.
Payne’s selfless act made news across the country. However, she insisted she had never done it for attention. “I am a regular person，” said Payne, who spent thousands of dollars of her own money to help complete strangers. “It all sounded like a rich person did this, but I’m just a little black girl from the South Side.”
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要講述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到她丈夫經(jīng)歷的觸動，為防止無家可歸者在大街上被凍死，決定為他們訂旅館的房間。她的無私善舉傳遍全國。
1．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Locals living on the street.
B．The homeless freezing to death.
C．The extreme weather.
D．The shelter for the homeless.
B　解析：代詞指代題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Recently, homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldn’t find shelter for the night.”可知，最近芝加哥各地的無家可歸者如果找不到過夜的地方，就會被凍死。結(jié)合畫線詞所在句可知，幸好，一位當(dāng)?shù)氐呐烤芙^讓此發(fā)生。據(jù)此可推知，畫線詞that指代“The homeless freezing to death”。
2．How did Candice Payne help the homeless people?
A．By drawing public attention.
B．By giving them money directly.
C．By taking them to her own house.
D．By buying hotel rooms for them.
D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Finally, she decided to see if there were any rooms available at local inns and hotels that she could get to help those stuck on the street.”可知，Candice Payne最終決定為這些無家可歸者訂旅館的房間以免他們被凍死，故D項正確。
3．What may contribute to Payne’s nice act?
A．Her husband’s past experiences.
B．The requests from the homeless.
C．Her desire to become famous.
D．The coldness of local hotels.
A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二、三句“According to Payne, her husband, Carlos Callahan, had lived on the street at one point in his life. Based on his experiences, Payne knew that the homeless people still out on the street desperately needed help and that if she didn’t step up to help, no one likely would.”可知，由于受到她的丈夫無家可歸的經(jīng)歷的觸動，她決定幫助這些無家可歸的人，故A項正確。
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．A Black Fighter Changes the World
B．A Woman’s Curiosity Brings a Reward
C．A Regular Woman Makes a Difference
D．A Couple’s Brave Act Moves the Country
C　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Thankfully, one local woman refused to let that happen.”和最后一段最后兩句并結(jié)合全文其他內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到她丈夫經(jīng)歷的觸動，為防止無家可歸者在大街上被凍死，決定為他們訂旅館的房間；她的無私善舉傳遍全國。故C項“一位普通女士的影響”最適合作本文的標(biāo)題。
B
(2020·遼寧五校模擬)It took multiple weddings for Christine Law to realize what she needed to do. In the summer of 2014, her schedule was packed with friends’ marriage celebrations—flower-filled occasions that got her thinking, “Where do all the flowers go after the party？” More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.
By August, she had a plan：convince couples and companies hosting events to donate their flowers, which she would pick up and deliver within 48 hours to seniors across the city. She wanted to bring beauty into the lives of the elderly. She drew on her experience through being a volunteer in non-profit institutions in order to set up her own organization, which she called Floranthropie. Not having enough bouquets(花束) for all 150 people of a health center, Law asked the staff to provide a list of patients who needed cheering up most, “The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her，” says Law. “I said they were a gift, and we talked for a half hour.”
In addition to health centers, Floranthropie focuses on community groups devoted to the elderly. La?titia Thélème is a volunteer for Les Petits Fières, an organization that aims to help the elderly who don’t have a support system. The group receives a dozen or so bouquets from Floranthropie monthly, and then redistributes them. “Our motto is ‘flowers before bread’，” says Thélème. “We don’t focus on primary care, but rather on nourishing(滋養(yǎng)) the spirit. Floranthropie helps us do that. It’s amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”
In the beginning, most of Floranthropie’s donations came through word of mouth. These days, Law receives messages from strangers via her organization’s Facebook page and has connected with corporations and flower wholesalers. Law hopes to expand Floranthropie nationally, but at this point is happy to be able to oversee each delivery personally.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文講述了Christine Law把婚禮上用過的花送給老人們，為他們的生活增加美的享受，她的做法得到了很多人的支持。
5．What made Christine Law set up Floranthropie?
A．The waste of flowers.
B．The loneliness of seniors.
C．The persuasion of other friends.
D．The warm atmosphere of weddings.
A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“‘Where do all the flowers go after the party？’ More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.”可知，婚禮上使用過的花束的浪費使Christine Law成立了Floranthropie這個機(jī)構(gòu)。故選A。
6．What was the first woman’s reaction to Christine Law’s flowers?
A．She was moved.　　　　　 B．She was excited.
C．She was worried. D．She was surprised.
D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her”可推知，當(dāng)Christine Law給第一位女士送花時，她感到難以置信、相當(dāng)驚訝。故選D。
7．What can we infer about Floranthropie from La?titia Thélème’s words?
A．It should focus on primary care.
B．It is benefiting more than the elderly.
C．It is doing something of great importance.
D．It should cooperate with more non-profit institutions.
C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Floranthropie helps us do that. It’s amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”可推知，La?titia Thélème認(rèn)為 Floranthropie正在做很重要的事，故C項符合文意。
8．What is the best title for the text?
A．Volunteer Your Time
B．Don’t Throw Flowers Away
C．Special Delivery Makes Your Day
D．Brighten Seniors’ Lives with Flowers
D　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要講述了Christine Law為了不浪費婚禮上用過的花，把花送給老人們，為他們的生活增加美的享受，故選D。
完形填空
(2020·安徽省示范高中模擬)I first discovered Café Gratitude several months ago. My friend Dr. Heather invited me to __1__ her for lunch. Heather had __2__ moved to Los Angeles, and we would discuss the project we were doing. As we sat down and were __3__ the delicious vegetarian menu, the server who came to take our __4__ asked us the question of the day, “What are you grateful for？”
I felt a familiar stir(震動) in my chest, and my eyes began to water. __5__ a pause, Heather __6__ her hand out to me and said that it was with me. I expressed my gratitude to be with her __7__， enjoying this moment of our shared __8__ and her new start in Los Angeles. After a delicious lunch, I decided to stay a while longer __9__ the question had inspired me to meet the co-owner, Ryland. Pauses or __10__ in life are a very good time to listen to what’s __11__ on inside of our hearts.
When Ryland came over to my __12__ with his big smile, his title of Chief Inspiration Officer seemed very __13__ for his personality. He gave me his __14__ attention as he opened his heart to listen. I told him how I wanted to help him open more __15__ so there could be more places to eat and help spread this __16__ of “being generous and grateful every day”. Since that __17__， Café Gratitude has been my favorite place to eat.
What a rewarding and meaningful experience! And I’ve since learned that Café Gratitude __18__ business through what they call “Sacred Commerce” where they provide inspired service, and express __19__ for the richness of our lives. A simple question that day __20__ me down new paths and gave me new friendships.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。“我”應(yīng)邀和朋友在一家“感恩餐館”共進(jìn)午餐，當(dāng)服務(wù)員問我們“我們感激什么”時，“我”和“我”的朋友都認(rèn)為那一刻彼此的陪伴讓我們感激。這一簡單的問題讓“我”有了新的人生感悟……
1．A.attend　　　　　　　　 B．a(chǎn)ccompany
C．involve D．find
B　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，“我”的朋友Heather博士邀請“我”陪她共進(jìn)午餐。B項意為“陪伴”，故B項正確。A項意為“參加，看護(hù)”，C項意為“使卷入，涉及”，D項意為“找到”，都與語境不符。
2．A.even B．ever
C．seldom D．just
D　解析：根據(jù)上文可知，“我”的朋友Heather博士邀請“我”陪她共進(jìn)午餐；結(jié)合常識和該句中“had______moved to Los Angeles”以及下文中的“her new start in Los Angeles”可推知，“我”的朋友Heather剛遷到洛杉磯。D項意為“剛剛”，符合語境，故D項正確。A項意為“甚至”，B項意為“曾經(jīng)”，C項意為“很少”，都與語境不符。
3．A.looking B．testing
C．planning D．studying
D　解析：根據(jù)空后的“delicious vegetarian menu”及常識可知，我們坐下后開始仔細(xì)察看菜單。D項意為“仔細(xì)察看”，故D項正確。A項意為“看”，B項意為“測試”，C項意為“計劃”，都與語境不符。
4．A.space B．time
C．order D．place
C　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“the server who came to take”及常識可以推知，服務(wù)員過來為我們點餐。C項意為“點菜”，故C項正確。A項意為“空間”，B項意為“時間”，D項意為“地方”，都與語境不符。
5．A.Without B．Despite
C．In terms of D．Regardless of
A　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，Heather毫無(Without)停頓地向“我”伸(reached)出手，說和“我”在一起讓她很感激。
6．A.reached B．shook
C．clapped D．stuck
A　解析：參見上題解析。reach意為“伸，伸手(以碰觸或提起某物)”，故A項正確。B項意為“搖動”，C項意為“鼓掌”，D項意為“粘，貼”，都與語境不符。
7．A.either B．a(chǎn)s well as
C．a(chǎn)lso D．too
D　解析：根據(jù)上文的內(nèi)容及該句中的“I expressed my gratitude to be with her”可知，“我”也為和她在一起表達(dá)了感激。too“也”，通常用于肯定句句末，故D項正確。
8．A.project B．seat
C．honesty D．friendship
D　解析：根據(jù)上文可知，我們都表達(dá)了對彼此陪伴的感激；再結(jié)合該句中的“shared”可以推知，我們享受著共同的友誼時光。D項意為“友誼”，故D項正確。A項意為“項目”；B項意為“座位”；C項意為“誠實”。
9．A.so B．a(chǎn)s
C．if D．before
B　解析：空處前一句是說，午飯后“我”想多待上一會兒；空處后一句說，這個問題使“我”想要和餐廳老板Ryland見上一面，據(jù)此可知，空前為果，空后為因，故as“因為”正確。
10．A.action B．delays
C．hurry D．dreams
B　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，空處與“Pauses”對應(yīng)，應(yīng)為其同義詞語，故delays“延遲”符合語境。A項意為“行動”，C項意為“匆忙”，D項意為“夢想”，都與語境不符。
11．A.looking B．insisting
C．going D．a(chǎn)greeing
C　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，暫停和延遲是生活中很好的一個時刻去傾聽我們內(nèi)心進(jìn)行的活動。go on意為“發(fā)生”，為固定搭配，符合語境，故C項正確。
12．A.company B．table
C．house D．car
B　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，Ryland微笑著走近“我”的餐桌旁。B項意為“桌子”，故B項正確。A項意為“公司”，C項意為“房子”，D項意為“汽車”，都與語境不符。
13．A.suitable B．ready
C．eager D．a(chǎn)nxious
A　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，他微笑著，看起來他“首席靈感官”的頭銜和他的個性很匹配。be suitable for為固定搭配，意為“適合于……”，故A項正確。B項意為“準(zhǔn)備好的”，C項意為“渴望的”，D項意為“急切的”，都與語境不符。
14．A.simple B．full
C．urgent D．regular
B　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，他敞開心扉傾聽，全身心注意著“我”。B項意為“完全的”，故B項正確。A項意為“簡單的”；C項意為“緊急的”；D項意為“經(jīng)常的”。
15．A.hotels B．schools
C．clubs D．restaurants
D　解析：根據(jù)空后的“more places to eat”可推知，“我”想要幫助他開更多的飯店，這樣的話就有更多的地方就餐并傳播他“每天要慷慨并感恩”的理念。D項意為“飯店”，故D項正確。A項意為“賓館”；B項意為“學(xué)?！?；C項意為“俱樂部”。
16．A.lesson B．note
C．message D．lecture
C　解析：參見上題解析。A項意為“課”，B項意為“便條”，D項意為“講座”，都與語境不符。
17．A.meeting B．performance
C．a(chǎn)ct D．vacation
A　解析：根據(jù)上文中的“meet the co-owner”并結(jié)合語境可知，自從那次見面以來，“感恩餐館”就成了“我”最喜愛去就餐的地方。A項意為“會面”，故A項正確。B項意為“表演”；C項意為“行動”；D項意為“假期”。
18．A.trains B．practices
C．reviews D．concludes
B　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，“感恩餐館”通過他們的這種商業(yè)模式實踐他們的業(yè)務(wù)。B項意為“實踐”，故B項正確。A項意為“培訓(xùn)”，C項意為“審查”，D項意為“總結(jié)”，都與語境不符。
19．A.explanation B．a(chǎn)ppreciation
C．consideration D．a(chǎn)pplication
B　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，他們向我們生命的豐足表達(dá)了感激。B項意為“感激”，故B項正確。A項意為“解釋”；C項意為“考慮”；D項意為“申請”。
20．A.surprised B．led
C．returned D．held
B　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，那天的一個簡單的問題，引導(dǎo)“我”走上新的道路，給了“我”新的友誼(關(guān)系)。B項意為“引領(lǐng)”，故B項正確。A項意為“使驚奇”；C項意為“歸還”；D項意為“抓住，握住”。
課時練2　1篇閱讀＋1篇七選五＋
1篇改錯＋1篇書面表達(dá)
閱讀理解
(2020·福建質(zhì)量檢查)My neighbor Orlando is a paramedic(護(hù)理人員). He and his wife are some of the nicest people I have ever met. A few years back we started this sort of “favor war”， where one of us would do something for the other, such as shoveling(鏟) his driveway or helping him build a shed, and next time the other would try to top it with another favor.
Yesterday morning there was maybe 2 or 3 feet of snow on the ground and I remembered he shoveled my driveway for me last snowfall. So I took out my shovel and took care of both our sidewalks and driveways because it was my turn to do a favor back. It took a while but I finished and got into my car for work. What I didn’t realize was that Orlando had to work that day too.
Fast forward to this morning I got a knock on my door. It was him. He immediately shook my hand and informed me that because I shoveled his driveway and sidewalk for him, he was able to get to work earlier. As soon as he started his shift, a call came through that a young boy was in a medical emergency. Luckily he and his partner were only about 2 minutes away, but the next closest ambulance was in 10 minutes. This kid did not have 10 minutes. He barely had 2 minutes. Because my neighbor got to work sooner, the young boy got to live his life.
This isn’t a brag(吹噓). This is to inform others that even the smallest favors can have the biggest impacts. It wasn’t too much of trouble to shovel his driveway for him, but because I did, the young kid got to see his family again, go back to school again, talk to his friends again and live his life.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇記敘文?！拔摇焙袜従覱rlando總是互相幫助，這次下雪，“我”幫助他鏟除了道路上的積雪，讓他能很快去上班。一個等待急救的男孩在他的及時救治下擺脫了危險。“我”的善舉救了孩子一命。
1．What can we know about the writer and Orlando?
A．They once had a conflict.
B．They signed a favorable agreement.
C．They favor shoveling snow together.
D．They are always ready to help each other.
D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“A few years back we started this sort of ‘favor war’， where one of us would do something for the other, such as shoveling(鏟) his driveway or helping him build a shed, and next time the other would try to top it with another favor.”可知，幾年前我們就開始這種“互助活動”，一個人幫助另一個人之后，下一次便由對方提供幫助；據(jù)此可知，作者和Orlando總是樂意互相幫助，故D項正確。
2．Who saved the boy before it was too late?
A．The writer.
B．The boy’s parents.
C．Orlando and his wife.
D．Orlando and his partner.
D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第五句“Luckily he and his partner were only about 2 minutes away, but the next closest ambulance was in 10 minutes.”，并結(jié)合該段內(nèi)容可知，Orlando和他的搭檔離醫(yī)院只有大約兩分鐘的車程，他們很快上班挽救了男孩的生命，故D項正確。
3．What does the writer intend to tell us?
A．Never ask for trouble.
B．No favor is too small.
C．One cannot always be lucky.
D．Don’t lose heart in an emergency.
B　解析：寫作意圖題。通讀全文，尤其是尾段第二句“This is to inform others that even the smallest favors can have the biggest impacts.”可知，本文是為了告訴讀者，即使是最小的幫助也能產(chǎn)生最大的影響，故B項正確。
七選五
(2020·貴陽普通高中監(jiān)測)Sleeping well is important to your physical and mental health. However, you might not be able to control the factors that affect your sleep. Here are some habits you can adopt to encourage better sleep.
Stick to a sleep schedule. 1.________. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to achieve this goal.
Pay attention to what you eat. Don’t go to bed hungry or full. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours of bedtime. 2.________．
3．________. Create a room that’s ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet. 4.________. Avoid long use of screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep.
Include physical activity in your daily routine. Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. 5.________. Spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.
A．Work out a good plan
B．Stick to a balanced diet
C．Create a restful environment
D．Your discomfort might keep you up
E．Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep
F．Avoid being active too close to bedtime, however
G．Exposure to light might make it more challenging to fall asleep
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了保證良好睡眠的幾個好習(xí)慣。
1．E　解析：根據(jù)下文“The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours.”可推知，此處表示所需要的睡眠時間，與選項E呼應(yīng)，故選E項。
2．D　解析：根據(jù)上文可知，要避免睡前餓著肚子或吃得過飽，或是睡前幾個小時吃油膩的食物或大餐，這會讓人不舒服，自然就睡不好了，與選項D呼應(yīng)，故選D項。
3．C　解析：根據(jù)空處所在位置可知，空處為主題句。根據(jù)該段內(nèi)容可知，該段介紹了營造舒適的睡眠環(huán)境的重要性，故選C項。
4．G　解析：根據(jù)空前一句“Often, this means cool, dark and quiet.”可推知，在燈亮著的情況下是不利于睡眠的，故選G項。
5．F　解析：與上文“Regular physical activity can promote better sleep.”形成呼應(yīng)可推知，此處表示睡前太活躍反而不利于睡眠，故選F項。
短文改錯
(2020·湖北八市聯(lián)考)Many traditional arts were losing nowadays, because some of whom are being replaced by modern products. I feel extreme sorry about the losing arts. In my opinions, they are classic and their charm will never fade away. Take my grandma for the example. She is better at paper-cutting which was learnt from her mother. When I found my grandma had this skill, I was so surprised and curious it. I asked my grandma to teaching me the skill. During the process, I found that this art was brilliant, but I was attracted by it. Some traditional arts like paper-cutting should be keeping.
答案：
Many traditional arts losing nowadays, because some of are being replaced by modern products. I feel sorry about the losing arts. In my ， they are classic and their charm will never fade away. Take my grandma for example. She is at paper-cutting which was learnt from her mother. When I found my grandma had this skill, I was so surprised and curious it. I asked my grandma to me the skill. During the process, I found that this art was brilliant, I was attracted by it. Some traditional arts like paper-cutting should be .
書面表達(dá)
(2020·滁州模擬)為弘揚中國傳統(tǒng)文化，增強(qiáng)青少年的民族自豪感，某中學(xué)生英語雜志開設(shè)了“中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日”專欄，面向廣大同學(xué)征集稿件。你想投稿，介紹中秋節(jié)，內(nèi)容包括：
1．時間；
2．慶祝方式；
3．意義。
注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2．開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；
3．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
Mid-Autumn Festival is a very important Chinese festival._________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Mid-Autumn__Festival__is__a__very__important__Chinese__festival. Falling on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month, the festival is intended to celebrate the harvest and it is also a time to enjoy the moonlight.
Usually, each family observes some common practices. Bathed in the shiny moonlight, the whole family will sit together, admiring the full moon and enjoying delicious mooncakes. In Chinese tradition, mooncakes stand for reunion, happiness and well-being of each family. Children often gather around their parents and grandparents, listening to stories about Chang’e and Yutu with interest.
Mid-Autumn Festival is a festival for family reunion. No matter how far away people are from their hometown, they will manage to get back for a family get-together.

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