一、語基必備知識(shí)
(一)重點(diǎn)詞匯——分類記憶
Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯——知其意
1．concrete adj.　　　　　 具體的
2．diamond n. 鉆石；菱形
3．flexible adj. 靈活的；可彎曲的；柔順的
4．pattern n. 模式；式樣；圖案
5．minimum n. 最低限度；最少量；最小數(shù)
6．librarian n. 圖書館館長；圖書館管理員
7．diploma n. 畢業(yè)文憑；學(xué)位證書
8．compass n. 指南針；羅盤；(復(fù)數(shù))圓規(guī)
9．bride n. 新娘
10．bridegroom n. 新郎
11．repetition n. 重復(fù)；反復(fù)；循環(huán)
12．blank n. 空白
adj. 空白的；茫然的
13．bare adj. 赤裸的；光禿的；稀少的
n. 最基本的要素
14．sponsor n. 　 贊助人；主辦者；倡議者
vt.　 發(fā)起；舉辦；倡議
15．contradictory adj. 引起矛盾的；好反駁的
16．melt vi. 融化；溶化；軟化
Ⅱ.核心詞匯——寫其形
1．tease vi.& vt. 取笑；招惹；戲弄
2．eventually adv. 最后；終于
3．a(chǎn)ppropriate adj. 適當(dāng)?shù)?；正?dāng)?shù)?br /> 4．exchange n. 交換；交流；互換
vt.& vi. 調(diào)換；交換
5．sorrow n. 悲傷；悲痛；懊悔
6．scholarship n. 獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金；學(xué)問；學(xué)術(shù)成就
7．load n. 負(fù)擔(dān)；負(fù)荷物(尤指沉重的)
8．forever adv. 永遠(yuǎn)
9．convey vt. 傳達(dá)；運(yùn)送
10．branch n. 枝條；支流；部門
Ⅲ.拓展詞匯——通其變
1．salt n．鹽；食鹽→salty adj.含鹽的；咸的
2．end n．& v．終止；結(jié)束→ending n．結(jié)尾；結(jié)局→endless adj.無窮的；無止境的
3．translate v．翻譯→translation n．翻譯；譯文→translator n．譯員；翻譯家
4．transform vi. & vt.轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)換；改造；變換→transformation n．轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)換；改造；變換
5．sorrow n．悲傷；悲痛→sorrowful adj.悲傷的
6．dark adj.黑暗的→darkness n．黑暗；漆黑
7．warm adj.暖和的；溫暖的→warmth n．暖和；溫暖
8．piano n．鋼琴→pianist n．鋼琴家；鋼琴演奏者
9．poet n．詩人→poem n．詩→poetry n．詩(總稱)；詩意
10．violin n．小提琴→violinist n．小提琴演奏者


1.以－ship為后綴的高頻名詞一覽
①scholarship　　　　 獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金；學(xué)問
②friendship　　 友誼
③leadership　　 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位
④relationship　　 關(guān)系
⑤hardship　　 苦難
⑥membership　　 成員資格
⑦championship　　 冠軍稱號(hào)
2.“取笑與愚弄”面面觀
①tease　　　　　　　　 取笑；戲弄
②laugh at 嘲笑
③play the fool with　　 愚弄
④make fun of 取笑
⑤make a fool/joke of　　 愚弄
⑥play a trick/joke on　　 捉弄
⑦play tricks/jokes on　　 戲弄
3.后綴－ness高頻名詞薈萃
①darkness　　 黑暗；漆黑
②sickness 疾病
③loneliness　　 孤獨(dú)
④happiness　 快樂
⑤sadness　 悲傷
⑥kindness　 善良
⑦bitterness　 苦味；苦難；怨恨
(二)重點(diǎn)短語——記牢用活
1．stay__up　　　　　　　　　　 熬夜
2．be__popular__with 受……歡迎
3．in__particular 尤其；特別
4．take__it__easy　 輕松；不緊張；從容
5．hold__on 堅(jiān)持；忍受
6．make__sense　 有道理；講得通
7．try__out 測試；試驗(yàn)
8．let__out 發(fā)出；放走；泄露
9．run__out__of　 用完
10．be__made__up__of　 由……構(gòu)成


1.“v.＋out”短語集錦
①let out　　　　　　　　 發(fā)出；放走；泄露
②leave out　　 省去；遺漏；不考慮
③bring out　 闡明；使顯示；出版
④make out　 理解；辨認(rèn)出
⑤pick out　 挑出；辨認(rèn)出
⑥figure out　 理解；弄清楚
2.“用完；耗盡”短語多棱鏡
①run out of　　　　　　　　　 用完(及物)
②run out　 用完(不及物)
③use up　　 用完(及物)
④give out　 耗盡(不及物)
⑤be/get burnt out　 筋疲力盡(不及物)
⑥be tired out　 筋疲力盡(不及物)
(三)重點(diǎn)句式——背熟巧用

句型公式
教材原句
句型1：why引導(dǎo)的定語從句
There are various reasons why__people__write__poetry．
人們寫詩有各種各樣的原因。
句型2：while表示對比轉(zhuǎn)折
Some rhyme (like B) while__others__do__not(like C)．
有些清單詩押韻(如B)，但有一些沒有(如C)。
句型3：虛擬語氣中省略if的倒裝句式
__Should__the__traveller__return,__this stone would utter speech. 　行人歸來石應(yīng)語。
句型4：“with＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
With__so__many__different__forms__of__poetry__to__choose__from,__students may eventually want to write poems of their own. 　有了這么多不同的可供選擇的詩歌類型，學(xué)生們最后也許想寫他們自己的詩歌了。
二、語境強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.語境填詞——根據(jù)提示寫出該詞的適當(dāng)形式
1．(2019·北京卷語法填空)You can plant a tree, make a meal with locally grown vegetables, or save power—the possibilities are endless(無止境的)．
2．I think WeChat offers us opportunities to make more friends and exchange(交換) learning experience with others.
3．It’s obvious that young people tend to look for a job with good pay and flexible(靈活的) working hours.
4．First of all, get to know what he is interested in and help him set an appropriate(合適的) goal for himself.
5．There is no doubt that a true friend is a person who can share your joys as well as sorrows(sorrow)，whatever happens.
6．Thanks to Mrs. Smith，the father and the son eventually(eventual) made up after years’cold relationship between them.
7．From the picture，we can see that many branches(branch) of a tree, which stand for different kinds of abilities in school education.
8．(2018·江蘇卷)When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness(dark), they couldn’t tell how much they’d had.
Ⅱ.語境品詞——寫出加黑詞匯在語境中的意義
1．(2019·全國卷Ⅲ七選五)In an online class，developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. __模式
2. (2017·浙江卷6月讀后續(xù)寫)But with the bare hands, they didn’t dare to fight with the wolf.空的；赤裸的
3．(天津卷閱讀C)Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence—the underpinnings(基礎(chǔ)) of emotional health. 情感的
4．(2018·全國卷Ⅰ閱讀A)Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D．C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D．C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. 最少量；最低限度
5．(2018·江蘇卷書面表達(dá))But the information I got was rich and varied, or even contradictory. 引起矛盾的；好反駁的
Ⅲ.派生詞練習(xí)——用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1．The artist painted a beautiful landscape with appropriate colors and hung it appropriately on the wall, which was highly thought of by the visitors.(appropriate)
2．Patients with heart failure are told to follow strict diets because salty(salt) foods worsen the condition.
3．A first－class translator must have his translation be faithful to the originals when translating the foreign books. (translate)
4．It was dark in the room and we couldn’t see much at first, but after a few minutes our eyes got used to the darkness. (dark)
5．The warmth of the flames also helped people stay warm in cold weather, enabling us to live in cooler areas. (warm)
6．That country has transformed from a backward agricultural country into an advanced industrial country.That is to say the country has made a complete transformation. (transform)
Ⅳ.選詞成篇
run out of; (be) made up of; exchange...with; loads of; take it easy
The team 1.made__up__of four members were to convey the goods to the neighbouring city, which has been transformed into a famous fishing port in the past few years. After they arrived at the destination, they attended a lecture on how to protect our environment. I found it very refreshing to 2.exchange ideas with the expert. Now I feel it hard to 3.take__it__easy when it comes to protecting the environment. To protect the environment, I think we should do the following things. 4.Loads__of useful garbage should be recycled, while the harmful things should be put in a safe place. What’s more, we should live in harmony with the wild animals by protecting the environment where they live.In a word, we can’t 5.run__out__of natural resources with nothing left to our offspring.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．人們選擇生活在城市的原因是因?yàn)槌鞘械纳罡奖恪⒏嗖省?br /> The reason why__people__choose__to__live__in__the__city is that the life in the city is more convenient and colorful.
2．要是明天下雨，我們會(huì)取消足球賽。
Should__it__rain__tomorrow,__we would cancel the football match.
3．有那么多的功課要復(fù)習(xí)，這個(gè)假期你最好待在家里。
With__so__many__lessons__to__go__over,__you’d better stay at home during your holiday.
4．我總是把宿舍弄得亂七八糟，而我的室友凱特卻喜歡把東西擺放得井然有序。
I am always making my dormitory messy while__my__roommate__Kate__is__fond
__of__putting__everything__in__place．

convey　vt.傳達(dá)，表達(dá)；運(yùn)送；傳導(dǎo)，傳播
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①They took a more reasonable approach, conveying(convey) to their children how success at school could improve their lives.
②The police asked the driver to__convey(convey) the passengers to the destination safely.
[能力提升]——詞匯升級(jí)
③(普通表達(dá))I would like to express my sincere thanks to you for your help.
(高級(jí)表達(dá))I would like to convey__my__sincere__appreciation to you for your assistance．

convey sth.to sb. 　　 向某人表達(dá)/傳達(dá)某事
convey one’s feelings/meanings
表達(dá)某人的感情/意思
convey...from A to B 把……從A地運(yùn)送到
B地　
[佳句背誦] The message conveyed here is clear：“Actions speak louder than words.”
這里傳達(dá)的信息很清楚：“事實(shí)勝于雄辯”。(江蘇卷書面表達(dá))
transform　vi.& vt.轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)換；改造；變換
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①The company has been transformed from a family business into one with 5，000 workforce.
②The past ten years has witnessed a complete transformation(transform) of my hometown.
[能力提升]——詞匯升級(jí)
③(普通表達(dá))Your generous help and tender care turned my first American trip into an unforgettable memory.
(高級(jí)表達(dá))Your generous help and tender care transformed my first American trip into an unforgettable memory.

(1)transform...into... 　　　 把……變成……
transform sb./sth.from... 把某人/物從……中轉(zhuǎn)變
(2)transformation n. 改變，變革　
[佳句背誦] I’m fully aware that it’s the experience from my life abroad that has totally transformed me.
我充分意識(shí)到，是在國外的生活經(jīng)歷完全改變了我。
appropriate　adj.適當(dāng)?shù)?；正?dāng)?shù)?br /> [基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①It is not appropriate that a student should__litter(litter) and scribble about.
②It’s necessary for you to make your child know that you expect him to act appropriately(appropriate) toward other people.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③就我來說，我認(rèn)為父母為了給孩子提供更好的條件而放棄工作是不合適的。
As for me, I don’t think it __is__appropriate/suitable__for__parents__to__quit__their__jobs in order to provide better conditions for their children.

be appropriate to/for 　　　　 適用于；合乎
be appropriate to do sth. 做某事是合適的　
[佳句背誦] As far as I’m concerned, his casual clothes are not appropriate for such a formal occasion.
就我個(gè)人看來， 他所穿的隨意的衣服不適合這樣正式的場合。
[名師點(diǎn)津] 在It is appropriate that...句型中，從句常用“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)。
exchange　n．交換；交流；互換　vt. & vi.調(diào)換；交換
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空/完成句子
①(2019·天津卷)I’ve never exchanged words with those moms beyond small talk，but they wanted to help.
②I’ve offered to paint the kitchen in__exchange__for__a__week’s__accommodation(交換一個(gè)星期的住宿)．
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級(jí)
③(普通表達(dá))Meanwhile, they exchange__ideas__and__feelings__with__each__other(彼此交流思想和情感). They probably acquire more knowledge through it.
④(高級(jí)表達(dá))Meanwhile, they exchange__ideas__and__feelings__with__each__other,__through__which they probably acquire more knowledge. (定語從句)

(1)exchange...for... 　用……來交換……
exchange sth.with sb. 與某人交換某物
(2)in exchange for 交換
(3)exchange student 交換生　
[佳句背誦] I’m happy to learn that you will come to our school next term as an exchange student.
得知你下學(xué)期將作為一名交換生來我們學(xué)校，我非常高興。
[名師點(diǎn)津]
(1)exchange強(qiáng)調(diào)雙方交換；
(2)change強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的屬性或位置的改變。
load　n．負(fù)擔(dān)；負(fù)荷物(尤指沉重的)　v．裝載；加重；把彈藥裝入(槍炮)
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①It takes a load off my mind to leave the child in your charge.
②The ship fully loaded(load) with rice reached its destination finally.
③Even though I have loads(load) of schoolwork to do, I’ll spend some free time having sports so that I can keep fit and energetic.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④由于學(xué)業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)重，幾乎所有的青少年都盼望走出學(xué)校去度過快樂的假期。
With__a__heavy__work__load,__almost all teenagers look forward to going out of school for a happy holiday.

(1)loads of＝a load of　　　 許多；大量(修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞)
(2)take a load off one’s mind 打消某人的顧慮
(3)load...with... 用……裝載…… 　
[佳句背誦] The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children.
近年來學(xué)生的負(fù)擔(dān)是一個(gè)熱門話題，但父母的負(fù)擔(dān)卻很少有人關(guān)注，尤其是來自他們子女的關(guān)懷。
take it easy(＝take things easy)　輕松；不緊張；從容
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①It’s nice to sit down and take it easy after a hard day’s work.
②Take things(thing) easy for a few days and you will be able to go to work again.
③Some of us always take it for granted that our parents or grandparents should take care of us.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④雖然高考臨近了，但你最好放松些。
You’d__better__take__it__easy although the college entrance examination is approaching.

take one’s time 　別著急，慢慢來
take sth.seriously 重視某事，對某事嚴(yán)肅對待
take...for granted 認(rèn)為……理所當(dāng)然
take...as... 把……當(dāng)作……　
[佳句背誦] You should not take it for granted that you can do the work perfectly. Take it seriously and make enough preparations.
不要想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為你能把這項(xiàng)工作做得十分完美；認(rèn)真對待，并做好充分準(zhǔn)備。
run out of　用盡；用完
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——用run的相關(guān)短語填空
①(2019·北京卷)If they run__out__of certain daily necessities，Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what’s needed.
②In the future, care for the environment will become very important as the earth’s natural resources__run__out．
③I’d like to run__for the vice president of the English club in our school.
④I__ran__across one of my old friends when I was walking in the street the other day.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
如果我們繼續(xù)像這樣用水，我們很快就會(huì)把它用完。
⑤If we keep using the water like this, we will__soon__run__out__of__it. (run)
⑥If we keep using the water like this, it will__soon__run__out. (run)
⑦If we keep using the water like this, we will__soon__use__it__up. (use)
⑧If we keep using the water like this, it will__soon__be__used__up. (use)

(1)run out 　　　　　 用完；用盡
give out 用盡；用完；精疲力竭
use up 用盡；用完
(2)run across 偶然遇到
run for 競選；匆匆去取
run into 撞上；遇到　
[佳句背誦] It’s my great honor to announce that I am running for chairman of the Students’ Union.
我很榮幸地宣布我將競選學(xué)生會(huì)主席。
[名師點(diǎn)津]
(1)run out of＝use up表示主動(dòng)意義，主語通常是人；
(2)run out＝be used up表示被動(dòng)意義，主語通常是物；
(3)give out 用盡；用完；精疲力竭。

why引導(dǎo)的定語從句
(教材P10)There are various reasons why people write poetry.
人們寫詩有各種各樣的原因。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①The reason that/which he explained to us was that he hadn’t read the book before.
②I think the reason why you are always angry may be the high pressure of study.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
她越來越胖的原因是吃太多的垃圾食品。
③She is becoming fatter and fatter.This is because she eats too much junk food.
④She eats too much junk food. That’s why she is becoming fatter and fatter.
⑤The__reason__why__she__is__becoming__fatter__and__fatter__is__that she eats too much junk food.

The reason why...is/was that...
　　　　　　　　 ……的原因是……
This is why... 這就是……的原因(強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果)
This is because... 這是因?yàn)椤?強(qiáng)調(diào)原因)　
[佳句背誦] The reason why I have been longing to go to America is that I want to experience American culture.
我一直渴望去美國的原因是我想體驗(yàn)美國文化。
[名師點(diǎn)津]
(1)當(dāng)reason作先行詞，且定語從句缺少賓語時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that或which，或者省略關(guān)系代詞。
(2)當(dāng)reason作先行詞，且定語從句缺少狀語時(shí)，關(guān)系副詞用why。
“with＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
(教材P11)With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own.
有了這么多不同的可供選擇的詩歌類型，學(xué)生們最后也許想寫他們自己的詩歌了。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①(2018·浙江卷6月)With the night approaching(approach), I became worried and could not keep calm.
②With more and more forests damaged(damage), some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.
[能力提升]——句式升級(jí)
③(普通表達(dá))I have an important class meeting to attend，so I can’t accompany you to the book store. (全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))
(高級(jí)表達(dá))With__an__important__class__meeting__to__attend,__I can’t accompany you to the book store.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))

with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：
(1)with＋賓語＋doing(doing表示主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作)
(2)with＋賓語＋done(done表示被動(dòng)或已完成的動(dòng)作)
(3)with＋賓語＋to do(to do表示將來的動(dòng)作)
(4)with＋賓語＋介詞短語/adj./adv.　
[佳句背誦] With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit, sharing our stories.
美麗的月亮高掛在天空，我們坐在一起，吃月餅和水果，分享著我們的故事。

Ⅰ.詞形轉(zhuǎn)換和動(dòng)詞的形式變換(用所給詞的正確形式填空)
1.__Exchanging(exchange) gifts and sending Christmas cards are common ways of celebrating Christmas in the world.
2．The exhibition sponsored(sponsor) by several famous companies turned out to be a great success.
3．If you are always closing your heart and don’t communicate with others, you won’t feel the warmth(warm) of the world.
4．(2017·全國卷Ⅰ)Once I started the car, my mind went(go) blank.
5．As is known to us，Huawei has__been__transformed(transform) from a family business into an advanced firm.
6．(2019·天津卷)We learn that however much we try to please, some people are never going to love us—an idea that troubles at first but is__eventually(eventual) relaxing.
7．Lang Lang is a world－class young pianist(piano) who grew up in Shenyang.
8．His business develops so rapidly that more than 10 branches(branch) have been set up so far.
Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式)
1．With so many essays to__write(write), he won’t have time to go shopping this morning.
2．It is reported that there are various reasons why more and more people feel depressed at this time of year.
3．We’d better try out our ideas before we put them into practice to ensure success.
4．You’ve been working hard for the past week.You must take it easy and relax over the weekend.
5．(2017·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))Table tennis is popular__with the students in our school, and I’m on the school team. We took part in many matches on behalf of our school and won many medals.
Ⅲ.易錯(cuò)誤用(改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤)
1．The sun gives off light and warm，which makes it possible for plants to grow.warm→warmth
2．His income is bare enough for him to live from hand to mouth.bare→barely
3．The reason why he gave for his absence was that he was drunken.why→that/which或刪除why
4．If you worked hard then，you would be in the university now.在worked前加had
5．She felt that she had run out inspiration.在out后加of
Ⅳ.熟詞生義(根據(jù)具體語境寫出加黑詞的詞性及含義)
1．According to the report, this is the second time this year that the company has sponsored the project.vt.發(fā)起；舉辦
2．As he puts it, everything is possible if we keep on.v.表達(dá)
3．The manager’s office conveyed an impression of efficiency and motivation.__vt.呈現(xiàn)

提能一　語段填空(在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式)
(一)
Since childhood, Anton, a Russian poet, had often recited poems at wedding ceremonies. Gradually, he found that when he was joyful and 1.sorrowful(sorrow), he could convey these feelings by writing poems. His poem Contradictory Blank won him a national 2.championship(champion). 3.Eventually(eventual) when he was able to get his diploma, he devoted his life to writing poems by using concrete but 4.flexible(flexibly) language. In one of his poems, he described that a tired sparrow with 5.salty(salt) sweat tried hard to go through the endless 6.darkness(dark)．　
(二)
When we got to our host families because of an exchange plan sponsored 1.by an organization, we exchanged our opinions about the local customs 2.with the owners. Meanwhile, we conveyed a kind of nervousness 3.to them, which their kindness helped to transform 4.into comfortableness.
(三)
In the morning he received an invitation to dinner, and with his work 1.finished(finish), he accepted it. At 5 p．m., he was preparing for the dinner 2.while his friends were on the way to picking him up. However, they were a bit late. They explained that the reason 3.why they were late was 4.that they were caught in a heavy traffic.
提能二　話題寫作(用本單元詞匯、句式和語法知識(shí)寫滿分作文)
假定你是李華，正在教你的英國朋友Leslie學(xué)習(xí)漢語。請你發(fā)微信告知下次上課的計(jì)劃。內(nèi)容包括：①時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)；②內(nèi)容(學(xué)習(xí)唐詩)；③課前準(zhǔn)備(簡要了解唐朝的歷史)。
1．補(bǔ)全要點(diǎn)句(黑體部分請用本單元所學(xué)詞匯)
①隨著下節(jié)課的到來，我想告訴你有關(guān)唐詩的具體的課程安排。
As the next class approaches, I’d__like__to__inform__you__of__the__concrete____class_
_schedule,__which is about poetry of the Tang Dynasty.
②我們周五在公園見面，那里空氣呼吸起來很好而且風(fēng)景特別美。
We are to meet on Friday in the park, and there the__air__is__good__to__breathe__and__the__scenery__is__beautiful__in__particular．
③為了更好地學(xué)習(xí)它，下節(jié)課前你應(yīng)該做好以下幾點(diǎn)。
To__learn__it__better,__you__need__to__do__the__following__things__before__the__next__class.
④閱讀一些有關(guān)唐朝詩歌的材料是恰當(dāng)?shù)?，唐詩在中國文學(xué)史上意義重大。
It__is__appropriate__that__you__read__a__load__of__materials__about__poetry__of__the__Tang__Dynasty,__which plays__an__extremely__important__role__in the history of Chinese literature.
⑤你可以讀一些著名詩人的詩，比如李白和杜甫。他們的詩表達(dá)了豐富的情感。
You can find some poems of famous poets, such as Li Bai and Du Fu, whose__poems__conveyed__their__rich__emotions__and__feelings．
⑥了解唐朝的歷史有助于你更好地理解唐詩。
Knowing__the__history__of__the__Tang__Dynasty__will__be__of__great__benefit__to__you__to__understand__the__poetry__of__the__Tang__Dynasty.
⑦課后你可以和我交流想法。
After class, you__can__exchange__your__thoughts__and__ideas__with__me．
2．升級(jí)平淡句
⑧用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)句①
With__the__next__class__approaching,__I’d__like__to__inform__you__of__the__concrete__class__schedule,__which__is__about__poetry__of__the__Tang__Dynasty.
⑨用非限制性定語從句升級(jí)句②
We__are__to__meet__on__Friday__in__the__park,__where__the__air__is__good__to__breathe__and__the__scenery__is__beautiful__in__particular.
3．銜接成美文(注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡銜接詞匯：to begin with, in addition)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Leslie，
With the next class approaching, I’d like to inform you of the concrete class schedule, which is about poetry of the Tang Dynasty. We are to meet on Friday in the park, where the air is good to breathe and the scenery is beautiful in particular. To learn it better, you need to do the following things before the next class.
To begin with, it is appropriate that you read a load of materials about poetry of the Tang Dynasty, which plays an extremely important role in the history of Chinese literature. You can find some poems of famous poets, such as Li Bai and Du Fu, whose poems conveyed their rich emotions and feelings. In addition, knowing the history of the Tang Dynasty will be of great benefit to you to understand the poetry of the Tang Dynasty.
After class, you can exchange your thoughts and ideas with me.
Yours，
Li Hua

(建議用時(shí)：35分鐘)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2020·綿陽診斷)I graduated in 1941 and of course got caught in the war. In 1945 I was out, twenty-one years old, a soldier through 35 bombing missions, and at the University of Washington taking creative writing courses, something I’d looked forward to all through the Air Force.
I’d started writing when I was nine and writing seemed to be the only thing I’d ever be able or want to do. My teacher was a new man named Grant Redford, a very good short story writing teacher but a sad man. He was from Montana and had been connected with the old Rocky Mountain Review. I think it became the Western Review but I’m not sure and I don’t bother to look it up. I’m afraid I was never much of a student for Redford. My stories were hopelessly self-indulgent(任性的), on and on about my personal problems, without form, without development, and without even any good writing.
However, I did write humor in those days and had no trouble getting it published in the campus magazine, though I hate to see it now. Mostly my writing was used to get my own’s attention, to satisfy a terrible personal interest in self-admiration, and it wasn’t until I concentrated all my efforts on poems that I was to realize the only real reward of writing, that special way you feel just when you’ve done something you like. That’s far more satisfying than seeing your name in print, good reviews, praise or applause after a reading. And more lasting.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　作者自幼酷愛寫作，但開始時(shí)，作者的寫作沒有固定的格式，沒有故事發(fā)展，甚至沒有任何好的文字。直到作者將自己的精力都放在詩歌創(chuàng)作上，他才發(fā)現(xiàn)自己更愛寫詩，并且意識(shí)到詩歌創(chuàng)作所帶來的快樂超乎以往。
1．What do we know about the author’s childhood?
A．The author was a good student of his teacher.
B．The author was crazy about writing.
C．The author was good at telling short stories.
D．The author felt a longing to be a pilot.
B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，作者九歲開始寫作，而且寫作是作者唯一能做且想做之事。故可推知，作者小時(shí)候癡迷寫作。故選B項(xiàng)。
2．How was his writing career at the early stage?
A．Productive. B．Successful.
C．Struggling. D．Hopeful.
C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句和第三段內(nèi)容可知，作者的作品都是關(guān)于私生活的瑣事或與幽默有關(guān)，沒有固定的格式，沒有跌宕起伏的故事發(fā)展。直到創(chuàng)作詩歌以后，這一切才發(fā)生了變化。故可推知，作者早期的寫作生涯是很艱辛、很努力的。A項(xiàng)意為“多產(chǎn)的”；B項(xiàng)意為“成功的”；C項(xiàng)意為“奮斗的；努力的；掙扎的”；D項(xiàng)意為“有希望的；大有可能成功的”。故選C項(xiàng)。
3．Where did the author eventually find comfort in writing?
A．Short stories. B．Poems.
C．Humorous stories. D．Good reviews.
B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“...it wasn’t until I concentrated all my efforts on poems that I was to realize the only real reward of writing, that special way you feel just when you’ve done something you like.”可知，當(dāng)作者把精力都投入到詩歌創(chuàng)作上的時(shí)候，他才意識(shí)到寫作給自己帶來了真正的快樂。故選B項(xiàng)。
B
(2020·重慶七校聯(lián)考)Being stuck behind crowds of slow walkers when you’re in a hurry is one of the most annoying things. But now, Lakeside Shopping Centre in Essex, one of the UK’s largest shopping malls, has introduced its very own fast lane for shoppers in a hurry, aiming to help impatient shoppers avoid slow walkers and the anger that goes with them.
The Lakeside Shopping Centre in Essex has introduced a 720-foot “fast lane” reserved for fast walkers only, just in time for the festive rush. The centre’s management team said：“The lane will help the shoppers who know where they want to go quickly and don’t want to get caught in behind unhurried shoppers at the busiest time of the year.”
The fast lane was introduced after a MasterCard survey found that 80 percent of consumers found slow walkers their biggest annoyance while shopping. The research also found that the average walking speed slowed down by 21 percent during the festive shopping period, as most shoppers spent more time window shopping during this period.
Gary Mortimer, an expert from the Queensland University of Technology, said he wasn’t surprised by the promotion about the launch of the fast lane, and thought the concept would appeal to shoppers all over the world. “Crowed parking lots and busy shopping centres tend to be two of the biggest complaints of shoppers over the festive season，” he said.“I think the fast lanes are a new approach. However, I suspect it will be a bit like fast lanes on the highway, so it might end up being more trouble than its worth.”
The MasterCard survey also identified the four most common types of shoppers. They include “Skaters” who try and make their way through crowds politely，“Dodgers” who move down the paths to avoid slow walkers, “Bulldozers” who push their way through crowds, and “Tutters” who express their frustrations to slow walkers.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要介紹了英國一家大型購物中心在節(jié)日高峰期引進(jìn)快速通道一事。
4．The fast lane is intended for the shoppers who________.
A．can’t move quickly because of physical disabilities
B．buy things on their shopping lists quickly
C．take their time to do window shopping
D．want to leave the mall quickly
B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“But now, Lakeside Shopping Centre in Essex, one of the UK’s largest shopping malls, has introduced its very own fast lane for shoppers in a hurry, aiming to help impatient shoppers avoid slow walkers and the anger that goes with them.”和第二段最后一句“The centre’s management team said：‘The lane will help the shoppers who know where they want to go quickly and don’t want to get caught in behind unhurried shoppers at the busiest time of the year.’”可推知，快速通道是為那些想迅速購物的人而設(shè)計(jì)的，故選B。
5．What is Gary Mortimer’s attitude to the fast lane?
A．Supportive. B．Indifferent.
C．Critical. D．Objective.
D　解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)對第四段的整體理解可知，Gary Mortimer對快速通道進(jìn)行了全面的評(píng)論，既肯定，又看到了潛在的劣勢，因此其態(tài)度是客觀的，故選D。
6．Who may patiently move behind a slow crowd?
A．Skaters. B．Dodgers.
C．Bulldozers. D．Tutters.
A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句中的“‘Skaters’ who try and make their way through crowds politely”可推知，Skaters在購物時(shí)會(huì)禮貌地跟在緩慢的人群后，故選A。
7．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Shopping can be annoying sometimes.
B．How to avoid slow walkers when shopping.
C．The problems that shopping centres face during busy holidays.
D．The shopping mall creates the fast lane to avoid slow walkers.
D　解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段開篇點(diǎn)題，并結(jié)合對全文的整體理解可知，本文主要報(bào)道了大型購物中心引進(jìn)快速通道，從而在購物高峰期使購物迅速者避開緩慢購物者的新聞，故選D。
【難句分析】　The fast lane was introduced after a MasterCard survey found that 80 percent of consumers found slow walkers their biggest annoyance while shopping.
分析：本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。after a MasterCard survey found...while shopping為after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，在此狀語從句中含有that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，that在從句中不作句子成分，賓語從句中又包含了while引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的省略。
譯文：在一項(xiàng)MasterCard的調(diào)查中發(fā)現(xiàn)，80%的顧客認(rèn)為在購物時(shí)走路慢的人使他們最為氣惱，之后快速通道就被引進(jìn)了。
Ⅱ.七選五
(2020·西安五校聯(lián)考)After a long day at work, coming home is a breath of fresh air.Home is a comfortable place to sit back and relax. 1.________ Below are a number of things we can do to create a healthy home environment that will help to ease the workday stress and promote our physical and mental health.
Cleaning the house regularly is the first thing we should do. It may seem like a tiring thing to clean but there is a reason for doing so. We can remove dust by cleaning the house. Leaving layers of dust everywhere means that there is a build-up of dust. And where do these layers of dust go? 2.________
Making sure the rooms are full of sunlight is also important. We may not realize it but sunlight is an important part of our growth. We all know that sunlight promotes better working conditions. 3.________ Think about using a Parans system where sunlight does not reach. This technology gathers the sunlight by using solar panels(板). It can send out sunlight wherever we are.
4．________ Going green will help to remove toxins(毒素) in the air. They also give off oxygen, which can lower stress and improve our moods.
Along the lines of being green, it can also be vital to think about what things we are bringing into the house. Try to avoid specific plastics that are harmful to health. 5.________ They may contain poisonous chemicals that can be breathed in, or simply absorbed through the skin.
A．Into our lungs.
B．However, is it as healthy as it can be?
C．Is our home as comfortable as it used to be?
D．The same thing applies to certain carpets and paint.
E．It is also a good idea to add more plants in our house.
F．Besides, it can reduce both stress and high blood pressure.
G．It is acknowledged that a greener lifestyle is linked to better health.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇說明文。作者就如何營造一個(gè)“健康之家”提出了幾條建議。
1．B　解析：此處需要一個(gè)承上啟下的過渡句，引出“健康之家”的概念，也引出下文提到的如何營造“健康之家”。故B項(xiàng)最佳。
2．A　解析：空前是一個(gè)問句，A項(xiàng)“進(jìn)入了我們的肺”能恰當(dāng)?shù)鼗卮鹎懊娴膯柧洹斑@層層的灰塵去了哪兒？”，前呼后應(yīng)。故選A項(xiàng)。
3．F　解析：空前主要在講陽光的好處，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“此外，它(陽光)還能減輕壓力和緩解高血壓”與此相關(guān)。故選F項(xiàng)。
4．E　解析：此處需要一個(gè)段落主旨句。Going green是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的信息詞，且空后提到消除空氣中的毒素，釋放氧氣，故可判斷本段主要講室內(nèi)的綠化問題，且E項(xiàng)中的plants正是此段最后一句中They的指代對象。故選E項(xiàng)。
5．D　解析：空處前一句講到“有害塑料”問題，D項(xiàng)講到某些地毯和油漆，根據(jù)常識(shí)可知地毯和油漆可能會(huì)含有有害健康的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，與語境符合。故選D項(xiàng)。
Ⅲ.語法填空
(2020·南昌二模)Ballet is a formal kind of dance performance with a rich and interesting history. The word “ballet” comes from the French language, and 1.____________(be) based on the Italian word “balletto”. “Balletto” means a little dance. Ballet’s early roots began in Italy in the late 1400s. But it was in France 2.____________ ballet developed into the form we know today.
The French ruler Louis the Fourteenth had a big influence 3.____________ the direction of ballet in its early history. He ruled France for seventy-two years, 4.____________(start) in 1643.He started dancing as a boy and worked hard daily.
Louis the Fourteenth turned ballet into a form of dance that reflected 5.____________(he) power and influence. Ballet’s many rules and 6.____________(extreme) detailed movements expressed a person’s power and social relations. The king made sure that ballet became a 7.____________(require) for the people of his court. He also started the Royal Academy of Dance, 8.____________ important people could learn this art. The aim of this dance was self-control, order and perfection.
Ballet slowly changed from a dance at the king’s court to one 9.____________(perform) by professional dancers. When Louis the Fourteenth died in 1715, ballet 10.____________(bring) to other parts of Europe and was developing in other ways.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　芭蕾舞的發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了一段有趣的歷史，法國國王路易十四將芭蕾舞列為宮廷藝術(shù)，并制定了嚴(yán)格的規(guī)則；路易十四去世后，芭蕾舞開始在歐洲傳播開來。
1．is　解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。本句的主語The word “ballet”為單數(shù)，且本句前半句用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，此處也應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填is。
2．that　解析：考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。此處考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“It was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋句子其他部分”，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語“in France”。
3．on/upon　解析：考查介詞。influence意為“影響”，其后接on/upon表示“對……有影響”。
4．starting　解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動(dòng)詞start和其邏輯主語“He”構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，故用start的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。
5．his　解析：考查代詞。根據(jù)語境及空后的名詞短語“power and influence”可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞his。
6．extremely　解析：考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾形容詞“detailed”要用副詞extremely。
7．requirement　解析：考查名詞。根據(jù)該空前的冠詞“a”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞形式。
8．where　解析：考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞“the Royal Academy of Dance”，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故用where引導(dǎo)該從句。
9．performed　解析：考查過去分詞。根據(jù)空后的“by professional dancers”可知，此處表示被專業(yè)舞者表演。故填performed。
10．was brought　解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)該句中的“in 1715”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，且此處表示路易十四去世后，芭蕾舞被傳播到歐洲其他地方，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填was brought。


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