一、語基必備知識
(一)重點(diǎn)詞匯——分類記憶
Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯——知其意
1．interval n．　　　　　　　 間隔；間歇
2．mineral n. 礦物
3．swap vi. 交換
4．supreme adj. (程度)最大的，極度的
5．doubtful adj. 懷疑的，不肯定的
6．privileged adj. 榮幸的
7．a(chǎn)mple adj. 充足的，充裕的
8．scan n. 掃描
9．storage n. 儲存
10．pause n. 停頓；暫停
11．statistics n. 統(tǒng)計(jì)資料；統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字
12．symptom n. 癥狀
13．parallel n. 極相似之處；平行線
14．temporary adj. 臨時(shí)的；短暫的
15．teamwork n. 協(xié)作；配合
16．firm n. 商行，公司
Ⅱ.核心詞匯——寫其形
1．seek vt. 尋找
2．compulsory adj. 強(qiáng)制性的，義務(wù)的
3．controversial adj. 有爭議的
4．treat vt. 款待
5．postpone vt. 推遲，延期
6．unite vt. 聯(lián)合；團(tuán)結(jié)；統(tǒng)一
7．routine n. 常規(guī)；慣例
8．foresee vt. 預(yù)見
9．underline vt. 表明重要性；強(qiáng)調(diào)
10．faith n. 信心
11．decline vi. 下降
12．deadline n. 截止日期，最后日期
13．extension n. 延期
14．circumstance n. 情形；情況
15．a(chǎn)buse vt. 濫用
16．vote vi. 表決
Ⅲ.拓展詞匯——通其變
1．circulate vi.循環(huán)→circulation n．循環(huán)
2．digest vt.消化→digestion n．消化
3．tolerate vt.容忍→toleration n．容忍；忍受→tolerant adj.寬容的，容忍的→tolerance n．寬容；容忍
4．fundamental adj.根本的；基礎(chǔ)的→fundamentally adv.根本上；基本上
5．a(chǎn)nnual adj.每年的，一年一次的，年度的→annually adv.一年一度地
6．oppose vt.反對→opposition n．反對；反抗→opposed adj.反對的；相對的→opposite adj.對面的；相反的
7．contradict vt.(與其他事物)相矛盾→contradictory adj.相矛盾的
8．violate vt.違反，違背→violation n．違背；違犯；違反
9．rebuild vt.重建→build v．建造
10．prohibit vt.禁止→prohibition n．禁止→prohibitive adj.限制性的
11．rob vt.使喪失；搶劫→robbery n．搶劫
12．equip vt.使有準(zhǔn)備→equipment n．裝備；裝備品
13．fortune n．大筆錢財(cái)，巨款→fortunate adj.幸運(yùn)的→fortunately adv.幸運(yùn)地→unfortunately adv.不幸地
14．submit vt.提交→submission n．提交；呈遞
15．concern n．擔(dān)心；擔(dān)憂→concerned adj.擔(dān)心的→concerning prep.關(guān)于

1.“公司”有幾家
①firm n．　　　　 商行，公司
②company n. 公司
③corporation n. 公司；法人(團(tuán)體)
④syndicate n. 企業(yè)聯(lián)合
⑤incorporation n. 法人；公司；社團(tuán)
2.聚焦“狀況，情況”相關(guān)名詞
①condition
②state
③situation
④circumstance
⑤status
3.annual相關(guān)形容詞全掃描
①minutely　　　　 每分鐘的
②hourly 每小時(shí)的
③daily 每日的
④weekly 每周的
⑤monthly 每月的
(二)重點(diǎn)短語——記牢用活
1．in__vain　　　　　　　　　 徒勞，白費(fèi)力氣
2．a(chǎn)t__random 隨便地，隨意地
3．a(chǎn)t__all__costs 不管多大代價(jià)，
無論如何
4．straight__away 立刻，馬上
5．wipe__out 毀掉；徹底毀滅
6．stop__sth.in__its__tracks 終止；消滅
7．rob__sb.of__sth. 搶劫某人某物
8．a(chǎn)t__any__rate 無論如何；至少
9．get__down__to 開始做
10．bring__up 教育；撫養(yǎng)；嘔吐
11．get__through 通過(考試)；完成
12．clear__up 整理；解釋；澄清
13．put__off 推遲；延期
14．miss__out 遺漏；遺忘；錯(cuò)過機(jī)會
15．focus__on 聚焦；集中；對準(zhǔn)

1.“at＋n.”短語全掃描
①at liberty　　 獲得自由的
②at ease 安逸；自在
③at present 目前，現(xiàn)在
④at random 隨便地，任意地
⑤at fault 有責(zé)任；有錯(cuò)誤
2.“開始做某事”短語大團(tuán)圓
①get down to (doing) sth.
②settle down to sth.
③set about doing sth.
④set out to do sth.
⑤start/begin to do/doing sth.
3.“v.＋off”短語速記
①show off　 炫耀，賣弄
②pay off 還清
③take off 起飛；脫掉
④put off 推遲
⑤give off 發(fā)出(光、熱、氣味等)
(三)重點(diǎn)句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：if引導(dǎo)狀語從句用過去完成時(shí)，表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)
Many contemporary amateur athletes would__have__broken world records if__they__had__taken__part__in the first Olympic Games.
如果許多當(dāng)代業(yè)余運(yùn)動(dòng)員參加了第一屆奧運(yùn)會，他們可能就打破世界紀(jì)錄了。
句型2：have sth.done使某事被做
In the future, athletes who have__their__genes__changed might be able to do the 100 metres dash in just 8 seconds or the marathon in less than two hours.　將來，改變基因的運(yùn)動(dòng)員可能在8秒內(nèi)跑完100米或不到兩小時(shí)就能跑完馬拉松。
句型3：rather than是一個(gè)并列連詞，表示“而不是”
The Olympic spirit—the spirit of competition which emphasises taking part rather__than winning—has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.
人們不惜任何代價(jià)想獲勝的愿望違背了重在參與而不是獲勝的奧林匹克精神。
句型4：sb./sth.be believed to...為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“某人或某物被認(rèn)為是……”
Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months, with a tendency to strike the young and fit rather than the old, the__Spanish__Flu__is__believed__to__have__been the most acute epidemic in history.　因?yàn)樵?8個(gè)月內(nèi)造成多達(dá)5 000萬人死亡，且傾向于襲擊年輕又健康的人群，而非老年人，所以西班牙流感被認(rèn)為是史上最嚴(yán)重的流行病。
二、語境強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.語境填詞——根據(jù)提示寫出該詞的適當(dāng)形式
1．Life is a series of choices and we can’t always foresee(預(yù)知) the consequences.
2．The police have put up posters around the city with photos of the man they are seeking(尋找)．
3．She declined(謝絕) to have lunch with her friend, saying that she wasn’t feeling well.
4．He claimed to have been badly treated(款待) in the supermarket when he was doing the shopping yesterday.
5．(2018·北京卷)They tolerate(容忍，忍受) long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread.
6．Fortunately(fortune), the fire was discovered soon after it broke out.
7．(2017·天津卷)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment(equip), allowing more patients to be treated.
8．The man said that the library was temporarily(temporary) closed for repairs.
9．The new plan was strongly opposed(oppose) by the people at the meeting.
10．China and the United States have reached an agreement to import 14 extra foreign films annually(annual)．
Ⅱ.派生詞練習(xí)——用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1．The robbers robbed the old man of his bag and the police are looking into the robbery now.(rob)
2．There is a prohibitive tax on imports and in a way, some people are prohibited from importing goods and everyone must obey the prohibition．(prohibit)
3．His parents can’t tolerate his bad habit.Luckily, his aunt is tolerant of his lifestyle and he is thankful for her tolerance．(tolerate)
4．The villagers are continuing to oppose the budget and they are also opposed to the government’s new plan, but the people in towns hold the opposite view.(oppose)
5．He went to America to make a fortune and he was fortunate enough to make much money.Unfortunately，his money was lost in a fire.(fortune)
Ⅲ.選詞成篇
straight away; cater to; get down to; at random; focus on; in despair; bring up; be responsible for; stop it in its tracks
Some schools 1.focus__on the number of the students admitted to key universities.In order to 2.cater__to the request of society, they 3.get__down__to adding lessons 4.at__random．As a result, a lot of students think they’re 5.in__despair and tired of being 6.brought__up at school.
Some parents think that the local government should 7.be__responsible__for it and should 8.stop__it__in__its__tracks 9.straight__away．
wipe out; rob...of...; at any rate; in vain; prohibit...from...; at all costs; submit to
Three robbers were believed to have 10.robbed a bank of a large fortune yesterday. The government ordered that the police should find the robbers 11.at__any__rate. The police immediately blocked the main roads and 12.prohibited the suspects from escaping but 13.in__vain. The authority said that such crimes were hard to tolerate and must be 14.wiped__out 15.at__all__costs. At present, the police are seeking the information about the case and urge the criminal to 16.submit__to the police.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．如果你提前告訴我的話，我就能在機(jī)場遇到他了。
If__you__had__told__me__in__advance，I would have met him at the airport.
2．昨天在公共汽車上史密斯先生的錢包被偷了。
Mr.Smith had__his__wallet__stolen on a bus yesterday.
3．應(yīng)該為此事負(fù)責(zé)的是他而不是你。
He rather__than you is responsible for the event.
4．人們認(rèn)為這家報(bào)紙至少在過去10年中都沒有盈利。
The newspaper is__believed__to__have__been unprofitable for at least the past decade.


tolerate　vt.容忍；忍受
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①The government can’t tolerate everyone’s destroying(destroy) cultural relics.
②Instead of blaming the child, she gave him a tolerant(tolerate) smile and let him go.
③When neighbors want to get along well with each other, they have to show their tolerance(tolerate)．
[能力提升]——詞匯升級
④(普通表達(dá))When he went abroad, he found the new surroundings hard to bear.
(高級表達(dá))When he went abroad, he found the new surroundings hard to tolerate/put__up__with．

(1)tolerate (sb./sb.’s) doing sth.
容忍/忍受(某人)做某事
(2)tolerance n．　　　 寬容；容忍；忍受
tolerant adj.　　 寬容的；容忍的
[佳句背誦] ①In some experts’ opinion, living conditions on the Mars are very hard to tolerate.　在一些專家的眼中，火星上的生活條件難以忍受。
②She could not tolerate her husband telling lies and cheating on her any longer.
她再也不能容忍她丈夫?qū)λf謊并對她不忠了。
[名師點(diǎn)津] “忍受”的種種表達(dá)：tolerate, stand, bear, put up with。
seek　v．(sought，sought)尋找；尋求；企圖；征求，請求
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①a.(2018·北京卷)More than 750，000 have graduated from SAC, with many seeking(seek) employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions.
b．(天津卷)The book inspires confidence in students who wish__to__seek(seek) their own answers.
②(江蘇卷)Scientists have been seeking to__understand(understand) the mystery of the “sixth sense” of direction.
③(2017·江蘇卷)On the Internet, people can seek for/after information about their favourite stars and buy tickets at a discount as well.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④Many people crowded into big cities to seek__their__fortune(尋找致富的機(jī)會), but most of them failed.

seek to do sth.　　　 試圖/設(shè)法做某事
seek after/for 追求；尋求
seek out 挑選出；找出
seek one’s fortune 尋找致富的機(jī)會　
[佳句背誦] They managed to seek out a quiet place where they could sit down and admire the natural scenery.　他們設(shè)法找到了一個(gè)可以坐下來欣賞自然風(fēng)景的安靜的地方。
[詞塊助記]
seek sb.’s advice　　　　　　　 征求某人的意見
seek/go after fame and fortune 追逐名利
seek jobs/work/employment 找工作；求職
seek help/the truth/wealth 尋求幫助/尋求真理/追求財(cái)富
oppose　vt.反對；對抗，抗?fàn)?br /> [基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①M(fèi)any residents opposed the government building(build) a chemical factory near the school.
②The young parents opposed giving(give) up the life of their little baby though there was little hope for her to survive.
③a.Opposed(oppose) to the plan of raising prices, they decided not to carry it out.
b.__Opposing(oppose) the plan of raising prices, they decided not to carry it out.
④(2019·浙江卷6月)Nowadays, parents tend to offer considerate praise to their children, hoping to boost their confidence, but it may produce the opposite(oppose) effect.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級
⑤(普通表達(dá))The government postponed the new proposal because a lot of people opposed__it/were__opposed__to__it(反對它)．
⑥(高級表達(dá))With__a__lot__of__people__opposed__to/opposing__the__new__proposal,__the government postponed it.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))

(1)oppose doing sth.　　 反對做某事
oppose sb./sb.’s doing sth.
反對某人做某事
(2)opposed adj. 反對的，對抗的，敵對的
be opposed to (doing) sth.
反對(做)某事
(3)opposite adj. 相反的，對面的
adv. 在對面
prep. 在……對面
n. 對立面，對立的人或物　
[佳句背誦] To be frank, in common with Helen, I strongly oppose/am strongly opposed to the proposal.　坦率地說，與海倫一樣，我堅(jiān)決反對這個(gè)建議。
[名師點(diǎn)津] oppose后跟表示動(dòng)作的詞作賓語時(shí)，后面要用動(dòng)名詞形式。在be opposed to結(jié)構(gòu)中，to是介詞，其后要用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。
postpone　vt.推遲，延期
[能力提升]——完成句子/一句多譯
①惡劣的天氣迫使我們推遲了運(yùn)動(dòng)會。
The bad weather forced us to postpone__our__sports__meeting．
②我們獲得更多信息后再做決定也不遲。
Let’s postpone__making__the__decision until we have more information.
③他們已經(jīng)決定把婚禮推遲到下個(gè)月。
→They have decided to__postpone their wedding until next month.
→They have decided to__put__off their wedding until next month.

postpone doing sth.　　 延緩做某事，推遲做某事
postpone...until/to... 把……推遲到……　
[佳句背誦]
It was an unpopular decision to postpone building the new hospital.
延遲興建新醫(yī)院的決定是不得人心的。
[名師點(diǎn)津] 表示“推遲，延期”的單詞或短語還有： delay，put off。
prohibit　vt.禁止，阻止
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①It is a rule prohibiting doctors from advertising(advertise) their services.
②The prohibition(prohibit) order meant that the book could not be sold in this country.
③Many firms prohibit smoking(smoke) in the office.
④(天津卷)Please note that any prohibited(prohibit) items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life.
[能力提升]——完成句子
⑤當(dāng)時(shí)是我的家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況不允許我上大學(xué)。
It was my family finances that prohibited__me__from__going__to__college at the time.

(1)prohibit (doing) sth.　 　　 禁止(做)某事
prohibit sb.from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事
prohibit sb.’s doing sth. 禁止某人做某事
(2)prohibition n. 禁止　
[佳句背誦] The law prohibits tobacconists from selling cigarettes to children.
法律禁止煙草商向兒童出售香煙。
[名師點(diǎn)津] 類似于prohibit sb.from doing sth.的表達(dá)法還有prevent sb.from doing sth./keep sb.from doing sth./stop sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事；protect sb.from保護(hù)某人不受……傷害等。
decline　vi.下降；衰落；婉拒　n．下降；減少；衰退
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①(2019·江蘇卷)More efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the decline, and many other species appear headed toward extinction.
②(山東卷)In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to__visit(visit) Oxford.
③a.(2019·浙江卷6月)The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46，000 square miles of California forests.
b．The number of the students in our school has declined to 2，500 since three years ago.

(1)be in decline　　　 處于下降、衰退中
on the decline 在下坡路上；在衰退(減少)
(2)decline to do sth. 拒絕做某事
decline by/to 下降了/到……
[佳句背誦] I have no alternative but to decline your invitation, because I am occupied in preparing for my final exam.
我只得謝絕你的邀請，因?yàn)槲颐τ跍?zhǔn)備期末考試。
[名師點(diǎn)津] 表示增加或減少的幅度通常用介詞by; 表示“增加到”或“減少到”則要用介詞to。
equip　vt.& vi.配備；裝備
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to__speak(speak)．
②We want our son to have a good education that will equip him for future life.
③If it were not the modern equipment(equip), such experiments would not be performed.
[能力提升]——句式升級
(普通表達(dá))He is equipped with much experience in teaching, so he is well respected by all his students.
④(高級表達(dá))Equipped__with__much__experience__in__teaching,__he is well respected by all his students.(過去分詞作狀語)
⑤(高級表達(dá))Equipping__himself__with__much__experience__in__teaching,__he is well respected by all his students.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)

(1)equip...with...　　　　 用……裝備……
be equipped with 裝備著……
equip...for sth./to do sth. 為了某事/做某事
而裝備……
(2)equipment n. [U]裝備；設(shè)備　
[佳句背誦] As our new stadium is equipped with advanced facilities, we have organized a variety of events in it.　因?yàn)樾麦w育館裝備先進(jìn)的設(shè)施，我們已在體育場舉辦了各種各樣的賽事。(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)
[名師點(diǎn)津] (1)過去分詞短語equipped with...常用作狀語。
(2)牢記equipment是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。
fortune　n．運(yùn)氣；命運(yùn)；財(cái)富
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①I had the good fortune to__be__chosen(choose) for a trip abroad.
② a．(北京卷)We are fortunate(fortune) that in such a large, high-pressure office we all get along so well.
b．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)Fortunately(fortune), after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to leave and later the family met up for dinner.
[能力提升]——根據(jù)提示完成小片段
In the 1980s, Tom went to the south ③to__try__his__fortune(碰運(yùn)氣)．But he ④made__no__fortune(沒有發(fā)財(cái))．⑤It__was__fortunate(幸運(yùn)的是) that he met with a boss who fed pigs. With his help, Tom ⑥made__his__fortune(發(fā)財(cái)) later by feeding pigs.

(1)make a fortune　　　　　 發(fā)財(cái)
seek one’s fortune 尋找出路
try one’s fortune 碰運(yùn)氣
(2)fortunate adj. 幸運(yùn)的，運(yùn)氣好的
be fortunate in doing/to do sth.
有幸做某事
(3)fortunately adv. 幸運(yùn)地　
[名師點(diǎn)津]
fortune作“機(jī)會，運(yùn)氣”講時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞；作“財(cái)產(chǎn)”講時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞。
vote　vi.表決；投票；選舉　n．投票；票
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①The committee voted to__ban(ban) alcohol from the concert.
②To his disappointment, most of his colleagues voted against him.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③中國由于得到多數(shù)票而獲得2022年冬奧會舉辦權(quán)。
China won the bid for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games because__she__got__most__votes．
④我認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃很好，于是我投了贊成票。
I thought the plan was very good, so I voted__for__it．
⑤我建議對此事投票表決，但主席表示反對。
I suggested putting__the__matter__to__a__vote,__but the chairman demurred to it.

(1)vote for/against　　　　　 投票贊成/反對
vote to do sth. 表決做某事
(2)put...to the/a vote 表決……　
[佳句背誦] People not only cast on-line votes themselves, but also urge others to vote for competitions like the “Most Beautiful Teacher” and the “Cutest Baby”．
人們不僅能在網(wǎng)上給自己投票，還可以督促別人為像是“最美教師”和“最可愛寶寶”這樣的比賽投票。(江蘇卷)
wipe out　毀掉；徹底毀滅；全部摧毀
[能力提升]——完成句子
①他們要在2030年之前消除他們國家的饑餓問題。
They want to wipe__out__hunger in their country by the year 2030.
②(浙江卷6月)媽媽溫柔地擦去我的熱淚，說：“你的籃子很特別，因?yàn)槭悄阕约夯ㄥX買的?！?br /> Mom said, gently wiping__away my hot tears.“Your basket is special because you paid for it yourself.”
③這個(gè)男的起身，把桌子上的臟東西擦掉。
The man stood up and wiped__the__dirt__from the table.

wipe sth.from/off...　　　　 從……擦去某物
wipe away 除掉；清除掉　
[佳句背誦]
Almost the whole town was wiped out by the earthquake; as a result, most people became homeless.
幾乎整個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)都被地震給摧毀了。因此，大多數(shù)人無家可歸。
at any rate　無論如何；不管怎樣；至少
[能力提升]——完成句子
①他們兩人都同意我的意見，不管怎樣，瑪麗是同意的。
They both agree with me—well, at__any__rate,__Mary does.
②這些動(dòng)物正在以每小時(shí)3只的速度死亡。
The animals are dying at__a__rate__of three an hour.

at this/that rate　　　 照此情形；如此下去
at the/a rate of 以……的速度或比率；
以……的價(jià)格　

have sth. done 讓某事被做；使……遭遇不幸
(教材P34)In the future，athletes who have their genes changed might be able to do the 100 metres dash in just 8 seconds or the marathon in less than two hours.
將來，改變基因的運(yùn)動(dòng)員可能在8秒內(nèi)跑完100米或不到兩小時(shí)就能跑完馬拉松。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①a.Uncle Sam won’t have my father and me returning(return) to the farm too late.
b．It was cold, and she had the fire burning(burn) day and night.
②a.(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)We students have various activities to__take(take) part in after class.
b．I am going to see my son next week. Do you have anything to__be__taken(take) to your son?
[能力提升]——句式升級
③(普通表達(dá))You should take the chance to deepen your knowledge of traditional Chinese culture. (2017·全國卷Ⅱ)
(高級表達(dá))You should take the chance to have__your__knowledge__of__traditional__Chinese__culture__deepened．(have＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ))

(1)have sth.done使某事完成；遭遇某種(不幸的)事情；讓/叫別人做某事
(2)have sb.do sth.讓某人做某事
(3)have sb.doing sth.允許某人做某事(常用于否定句中)；使某人一直做某事(多用于肯定句中)
(4)have sth.to do有某事要做(主語自己做)
have sth.to be done有某事要做(不是主語自己做)　
[佳句背誦] ①If anyone happens to drop in while I am out, have him or her leave a message.
如果我不在時(shí)有人來訪，讓他/她留個(gè)口信。(福建卷)
②I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph taken.
我需要一本新護(hù)照，所以我必須去照張相。(2018·天津卷)
[名師點(diǎn)津] “have＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中過去分詞與前面的賓語為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，而無to不定式和現(xiàn)在分詞與賓語為主動(dòng)關(guān)系。
rather than而不是
(教材P34)The Olympic spirit—the spirit of competition which emphasises taking part rather than winning—has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.
人們不惜任何代價(jià)想獲勝的愿望違背了重在參與而不是獲勝的奧林匹克精神。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)Many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing(focus) on Chinese traditions.
②Rather than discuss all of these questions at length, we prefer to__focus(focus) on the impact of the heavy snow.
③Mary, rather than you, is(be) to blame for not finishing the work on time.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④我在星期五晚上很晚見到了他，更確切地說是在星期六早晨早些時(shí)候。
I met him very late on Friday night, or__rather,__early Saturday morning.
⑤除你本人之外還有別人知道這件事嗎？
Does anybody other__than__yourself know this？

rather than為并列連詞，意為“而不是，與其……不如……”，這一表達(dá)方式通常用在平行結(jié)構(gòu)中，連接相同的句子成分，即rather than前后兩部分在成分和形式上應(yīng)當(dāng)一致。
(1)
寧愿做某事而不愿做某事
(2)or rather　　　　　 更確切地說
other than 除……之外
more than 很，非常；超過，不僅僅　
[名師點(diǎn)津] (1)rather than用于連接兩個(gè)并列成分，后接名詞、代詞、介詞(短語)、形容詞、副詞、v.-ing形式或不定式(rather than之后的并列不定式可省略to)；
(2)rather than連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與它前面的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。


維度一　在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式
1．(2017·天津卷)Turning one’s life into a waiting game requires faith(faithful) and hope，and is strictly for the optimists among us.
2．You could answer most of the questions now if you had__reviewed(review) the lessons last night.
3．(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)Color is fundamental(fundamentally) in home design—something you’ll always have in every room.
4．(2018·北京卷)People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance(tolerate) are much more likely to get angry.
5．Good shoes，clothes and a backpack are the basic equipment(equip) you need for your hiking.
維度二　在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~
1．The disease robbed the girl of the chance to be a famous dancer.
2．Under no circumstances will her parents allow her to marry such a selfish man.
3．Many people spend years seeking after peace of mind, often with little success.
4．Thankfully the smoking of cigarettes is on the decline.
5．They spent a lot of money equipping the school with new computers.
維度三　語境品詞(寫出加黑詞匯在語境中的意義)
1．Many citizens are opposed to pulling down the old building, because it dates back to the 16th century, which should be protected.反對
2．(江蘇卷)It makes no difference from ordinary voting events, in which candidates go around to seek supports.尋找；尋求
3．(2017·江蘇卷)His not-for-profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries, schools, and health clinics, and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities.配備；裝備
4．The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune was to be made.運(yùn)氣
5．(江蘇卷)Su Hua is invited by his uncle to vote for his cousin in the “Future Singer” competition.投票

提能一　語段填空(短文中黑體部分為本單元核心知識點(diǎn)，請補(bǔ)全短文，并背誦體會黑體部分用法)
It is reported that the building of a chemical factory 1.was__postponed(postpone), because the villagers living nearby 2.opposed(oppose) it. They prohibited the workers from 3.going(go) on their work, 4.because they couldn’t tolerate the big noise. It was known to people 5.that the factory was responsible for it. They had the faith that unless 6.united(unite), their dream of living in peace will be wiped out. However, the factory didn’t want to submit 7.to the villagers. They were seeking good solutions to the matter at all 8.costs(cost). After all, 9.putting(put) off the construction will not be good for them. I believe the leader of the factory will 10.unconditionally(unconditional) agree to the terms with the efforts of the villagers’ teamwork.
提能二　話題寫作(用本單元詞匯、句式和語法知識寫滿分作文)
1．補(bǔ)全要點(diǎn)句(黑體部分請用本單元所學(xué)詞匯)
①流感正在我國廣泛傳播，我們學(xué)校正尋求有效措施，把這種疾病趕出校園。
The flu is spreading widely among people in our country and our school is seeking__effective__measures__to__wipe__out__the__disease．
②一些措施是強(qiáng)制性的。
Some measures are compulsory．
③在任何條件下我們都不能隨意吃東西。
We won’t put some food in our mouths at__random__under__any__circumstances．
④我們每個(gè)學(xué)生應(yīng)該開始著手做些事情來消除這種疾病。
Each of the students should get__down__to__the__work__to__rid__the__disease__of__our__school．
2．升級平淡句
⑤用so引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句升級句①
The__flu__is__spreading__widely__among__people__in__our__country,__so__our__school__is__seeking__effective__measures__to__wipe__out__the__disease.
⑥用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)升級句③
Under__no__circumstances__will__we__put__some__food__in__our__mouths__at__random.
3．銜接成美文(注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡銜接詞匯：recently, and)
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One possible version：
Recently, the flu is spreading widely among people in our country, so our school is seeking effective measures to wipe out the disease. And some measures are compulsory. Under no circumstances will we put some food in our mouths at random. Each of the students should get down to the work to rid the disease of our school.

課時(shí)練1　2篇閱讀＋1篇完形
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2020·濟(jì)南模擬)We humans love to stare into our smart devices. We gaze for hours—about 10 hours and 39 minutes a day—at our computers, smartphones, tablets and televisions. Is all this staring bad for us? It might be, mainly because as we stare at our devices we are exposing ourselves to blue light.
Blue light is a type of electromagnetic(電磁的) radiation with a very short wavelength that produces a high amount of energy. While it’s true that light can damage our eyes under certain circumstances, there’s no scientific evidence suggesting that blue light is harmful to our eyes. But many people still think it is, which is why blue-light-blocking glasses are so popular. So do the glasses work?
“Everyone is very concerned that blue light may be causing damage to the eye, but there’s no evidence that it may be causing serious damage，” Dr. Rahul Khurana, clinical spokesman for the American Academy of Ophthalmology, told Business Insider.
Blue light exposure is nothing new. In fact, the sun is the largest source of blue light. Moreover, blue light is also present in LED light. But if blue light isn’t harmful, then why are we constantly rubbing our eyes when we’re looking at our screens? The answer is eyestrain (眼疲勞): More than 60 percent of people experience eye problems associated with digital eyestrain. And blue light, it seems, isn’t the cause. Instead, our eyes are so strained because most of us blink less when we stare at our digital devices. So if eyestrain is the issue, blue-light-blocking glasses are probably of little use.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　該文主要探討了藍(lán)光是否對我們的眼睛有害的問題。
1．What do we know about blue light?
A．It is a kind of nuclear radiation.
B．It has the shortest wavelength.
C．It may come from electronic devices.
D．It consumes a great deal of energy.
C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“It might be, mainly because as we stare at our devices we are exposing ourselves to blue light.”可推知，電子設(shè)備會發(fā)出藍(lán)光。
2．What causes the popularity of blue-light-blocking glasses?
A．Evidence of their benefits to eyes.
B．Belief in blue light’s harmful effect.
C．Widespread use of smart devices.
D．Scientific understanding of blue light.
B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“there’s no scientific evidence suggesting that blue light is harmful to our eyes. But many people still think it is, which is why blue-light-blocking glasses are so popular.”可知，防藍(lán)光眼鏡流行的原因是人們認(rèn)為藍(lán)光會對眼睛有害。
3．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A．Blue light exposure is hardly avoidable.
B．Eye problems are not easy to deal with.
C．Blue light may connect with tired eyes.
D．Rubbing eyes makes people strained.
A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的前三句“Blue light exposure is nothing new. In fact, the sun is the largest source of blue light. Moreover, blue light is also present in LED light.”可知，陽光是藍(lán)光最大的來源，而且藍(lán)光也存在于LED燈中。由此可推知，接觸藍(lán)光幾乎是不可避免的。
4．According to the text, wearing blue-light-blocking glasses may be ________．
A．tiring　　　　　　　　　 B．harmful
C．useless D．beneficial
C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“So if eyestrain is the issue, blue-light-blocking glasses are probably of little use.”可知，戴防藍(lán)光眼鏡可能是沒有用處的。
B
(2020· 鄭州摸底測試) Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track.
But while it’s long been believed that endorphins(內(nèi)啡肽)—chemicals in the body that cause happiness—are behind the so-called “runner’s high”， a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.
According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids(內(nèi)源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.
To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice.
Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise, along with many other chemicals. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety.
But after being given a drug to block their endorphins they changed. However, when their endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug, the runner’s high symptoms seemed to fade.
“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runner’s high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out，” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on a science blog.
Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but it’s already well known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety.
The UK’s National Health Service even prescribes(開藥方)exercise for patients who are suffering from depression.
“Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy, which might put you off being more active. Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression, and it’s especially useful for people with mild to moderate(中等的) depression，” it wrote on its website.
It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we don’t fully understand where it comes from. At least if we’re feeling down, we know that all we have to do is put on our running shoes.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要探究了影響運(yùn)動(dòng)者情緒高漲的因素。
5．What did scientists from German universities recently discover?
A．Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression.
B．The runner’s high could be caused by endocannabinoids.
C．Endorphins may contribute to one’s high spirits after running.
D．The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect one’s mood.
B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids(內(nèi)源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.”可知，德國一些大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們最近發(fā)現(xiàn)了跑步者情緒高漲是由內(nèi)源性大麻素引起的，故選B。
6．The scientists gave mice drugs in their experiment to ________.
A．find what reduces the runner’s high symptoms
B．see the specific symptoms of the runner’s high
C．identify what is responsible for the runner’s high
D．test what influences the level of endocannabinoids released
C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)對第二段和第三段的整體理解，并結(jié)合第四段“To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice.”可推知，科學(xué)家們在實(shí)驗(yàn)中給老鼠藥物是為了確定究竟是哪種物質(zhì)會引起跑步者的情緒高漲，故選C。
7．The underlined word “notion” in Paragraph 7 has the closest meaning to “________”．
A．effect B．goal
C．question D．belief
D　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)對全文內(nèi)容的理解可知，該詞所在句子與第二段“But while it’s long been believed that endorphins(內(nèi)啡肽)—chemicals in the body that cause happiness—are behind the so-called ‘runner’s high’， a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.”呼應(yīng)，并結(jié)合本句結(jié)構(gòu)可推知，此處notion與believed相呼應(yīng)，故選D。
8．According to the UK’s National Health Service, regular workouts ________．
A．a(chǎn)re the best way to treat depression
B．can help ease depression symptoms
C．only work for those with serious depression
D．can help people completely recover from depression
B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三、四段和倒數(shù)第二段第二句“Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression, and it’s especially useful for people with mild to moderate(中等的)depression.”可知，常規(guī)鍛煉有利于情緒好轉(zhuǎn)及緩解抑郁癥狀，故選B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·石家莊重點(diǎn)高中摸底考試)On my way back home I was stopped at traffic lights by some people who asked for help. A woman—in her attempt to give __1__ to an ambulance—had driven her car over stony obstacles that separated the bike line from the street, and, as a result, had gotten her car __2__. She couldn’t move the car in any __3__ without damaging it. A couple of people tried to __4__ the car back but the obstacles were too high. Seeing that they couldn’t do much about it, they left. The woman in the car tried to __5__ some service, and was told that it would take about 45 minutes for someone to get there.
While watching the other people __6__， I realized the woman would be on her own and I imagined how __7__ that would be if I were in her shoes. After some talking, she __8__ me to sit inside her car.
I wasn’t in a hurry, so I __9__ my family that I would be later and then tried to __10__ the woman who seemed to feel stressed about causing others __11__. But actually it wasn’t too much trouble __12__ they could still pass, and also there wasn’t anything she could do about it __13__. We laughed and __14__ that all we needed was some tea for our picnic.
Finally __15__ came and helped her back on the street. She __16__me and asked for my phone number so she could return the __17__， but I told her it was okay. She seemed to feel much __18__ when we said our goodbyes. I believe that not having to face a difficult situation __19__ can make a lot of __20__．
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者安慰并幫助一位在馬路上因?yàn)榻o救護(hù)車讓行而陷入困境的女士的故事。
1．A.signal B．way
C．time D．help
B　解析：一位女士試圖給一輛救護(hù)車讓行。give way to...“給……讓行”，為固定搭配。故選B。
2．A.stuck B．broken
C．dirty D．a(chǎn)bandoned
A　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“She couldn’t move the car”可推知，因?yàn)榻o救護(hù)車讓行，這位女士的車卡(stuck)在那里不能動(dòng)彈。
3．A.sense B．minute
C．direction D．line
C　解析：在不損壞車的情況下，無論往哪個(gè)方向(direction)都無法移動(dòng)。
4．A.lift B．hold
C．pull D．drive
A　解析：根據(jù)上文中的“She couldn’t move the car”以及下文中的“but the obstacles were too high”可推知，車子卡在那里，障礙物太高，不能被抬(lift)回來。
5．A.offer B．seek
C．refuse D．take
B　解析：那位女士在車?yán)镌噲D尋求(seek)一些服務(wù)。
6．A.shout B．discuss
C．stand D．leave
D　解析：根據(jù)上文中的“Seeing that they couldn’t do much about it, they left.”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)其他人因?yàn)閹筒涣耸裁疵?，都走開(leave)了。
7．A.amazing B．pleasant
C．uneasy D．incredible
C　解析：根據(jù)上文可知，那位女士的車被卡在障礙物上，其他人又幫不上忙，作者將心比心，覺得此情此景，那位女士一定不舒服(uneasy)，與下文中的“the woman who seemed to feel stressed about causing others ______”呼應(yīng)。
8．A.forced B．invited
C．ordered D．a(chǎn)llowed
B　解析：根據(jù)語境可推知，那位女士邀請(invited)作者坐進(jìn)她的車?yán)铩?br /> 9．A.consulted B．warned
C．a(chǎn)dvised D．informed
D　解析：根據(jù)語境及下文中的“I would be later”可推知，作者是通知(informed)家人一些情況。
10．A.persuade B．comfort
C．frighten D．satisfy
B　解析：根據(jù)空后的“the woman who seemed to feel stressed about causing others ______”可推知，那位女士似乎感到焦慮不安，作者試圖寬慰(comfort)她，這與下文“We laughed and ______ that all we needed was some tea for our picnic.”呼應(yīng)。
11．A.trouble B．disbelief
C．a(chǎn)nxiety D．embarrassment
A　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“But actually it wasn’t too much trouble ______ they could still pass”可推知，那位女士為給他人帶來麻煩(trouble)而感到焦慮不安。
12．A.though B．until
C．since D．unless
C　解析：根據(jù)語境可推知，此處前后內(nèi)容表示邏輯上的因果關(guān)系。故since “因?yàn)椤?符合語境。
13．A.anyway B．therefore
C．still D．somehow
A　解析：根據(jù)上文“She couldn’t move the car in any ______ without damaging it.”可推知，無論如何(anyway)，那位女士對當(dāng)時(shí)那種情況也是無能為力的。
14．A.remembered B．realized
C．thought D．joked
D　解析：由空前的“We laughed”可推知，作者和那位女士當(dāng)時(shí)都笑了，并且開著玩笑(joked)。
15．A.news B．my partner
C．a(chǎn)ssistance D．a(chǎn)n ambulance
C　解析：根據(jù)空后的“helped her back on the street”可推知，最終援助(assistance)到了，幫那位女士回到了路上。
16．A.greeted B．thanked
C．a(chǎn)ccepted D．a(chǎn)ttracted
B　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，作者去安慰那位受困的女士，那位女士在最終解困后應(yīng)是感謝(thanked)作者。
17．A.car B．company
C．favor D．picnic
C　解析：根據(jù)語境可推知，那位女士想要作者的電話號碼，以回報(bào)作者的幫助(favor)。
18．A.nervous B．unwilling
C．disappointed D．better
D　解析：根據(jù)語境可知，那位女士從困境中解脫出來，感覺比之前好了許多。故D項(xiàng)符合語境。
19．A.alone B．bravely
C．bitterly D．directly
A　解析：根據(jù)上文可知，由于作者的幫助和安慰，最終那位女士心情變好了許多，由此可推知，她當(dāng)時(shí)不是獨(dú)自(alone)面對困境。
20．A.decision B．fortune
C．choice D．difference
D　解析：作者認(rèn)為不用獨(dú)自面對困境可以產(chǎn)生很大影響(difference)。
課時(shí)練2　2篇閱讀＋1篇讀后續(xù)寫
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2020·泉州高三質(zhì)檢)We are what we eat. That is an old expression, but one worth knowing. A recent look at diets around the world shows that people who eat healthy food—and not too much of it—live longer. But which areas of the world have the best diets? Researchers found that foods in some of the healthiest diets—Mediterranean diet, New Nordic diet, Japanese diet and French diet—may be very different, but they are all heavy on local and seasonal foods, which include more vegetables and seafood and less red meat.
Mediterranean diet contains lots of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts and olive oil. The diet has proper amounts of fish and poultry(家禽肉). Red meat and foods high in sugar and salt are not big parts of this diet.
New Nordic diet has whole grains like oats and rye, vegetables such as carrots, broccoli and eggs, seafood, fruits, oil, low-fat milk and cheese. Sugary desserts are not common in this diet.
Japanese people are some of the longest living people on the planet, with women up to 87 years old and men up to 80. The Japanese diet is the reason for such lengths of life. The diet has many foods that are low in calories and high in nutrients. Japanese people eat a lot of seaweed, tofu, rice, vegetables and fish. The tradition there is to stop eating when your stomach feels 80 percent full.
However, French people eat fatty foods but do not get fat. And they live a long time. This phenomenon is called the “French Paradox”. The reason why the French eat fatty foods without getting fat may be simple. They eat less. Serving sizes in French restaurants and of products sold in stores are smaller than those in most countries. And generally speaking, most French people do not snack. This means they do not eat food between meals.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要介紹了世界上四種最健康的飲食。
1．What do we know about the healthiest diets around the world?
A．They contain abundant calories.
B．They tend to be expensive.
C．They share certain similarities.
D．They reflect popular tastes.
C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“may be very different, but they are all heavy on local and seasonal foods, which include more vegetables and seafood and less red meat”可知，盡管有不同之處，但世界上最健康的飲食都側(cè)重于使用當(dāng)?shù)氐暮蜁r(shí)令的食物，包括更多的蔬菜和海鮮，以及更少的紅肉。由此可推知，世界上最健康的飲食有一定的相似之處，故選C。
2．What is considered as a harmful eating habit in Japanese tradition?
A．Going low in calories.
B．Eating to the fullest.
C．Having much seafood.
D．Picking many foods.
B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“The tradition there is to stop eating when your stomach feels 80 percent full.”可知，日本的傳統(tǒng)是吃八成飽。由此可推知，吃得很飽在日本被認(rèn)為是不良的飲食習(xí)慣，故選B。
3．How does the author develop the central idea in the last 4 paragraphs?
A．By building connections.
B．By exploring reasons.
C．By listing examples.
D．By analyzing figures.
C　解析：寫作手法題。通讀后四段可知，作者列舉了這些健康飲食中的食物，故本文后四段是通過舉例子的方式來說明中心觀點(diǎn)的。
4．Which can be the most suitable title for the text?
A．What Is the Healthiest Diet on Earth?
B．How Does the Old Expression Serve?
C．Why Is a Healthy Diet So Important?
D．Where Can We Feed Ourselves Well?
A　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了世界上四種最健康的飲食。故A項(xiàng)作文章標(biāo)題最合適。
B
(2020·武漢高三質(zhì)量監(jiān)測)The Notre Dame fire has been put out, but its spire(塔尖) and a large portion of its wooden roof have been damaged. The terrible destruction causes a sudden sharp pain to people around the world. On Chinese social media network WeChat a common comment on the disaster is：“What a pity that we cannot see the damaged parts of the wonder anymore.”
But the good news is that there is at least one way of seeing them, namely via a video game called Assassin’s Creed Unity. In this game, the player can travel to one city after another and enter the buildings exactly like what they are in the reality, and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire. Further, with virtual reality technology, which is already quite mature, one can even look around the undamaged Notre Dame as if it were still there. Maybe digital technology could help to better protect architectural cultural heritage.
The idea of digitizing ancient buildings, making digital models of them so their data can be saved, dates back to the 1990s and the necessary technology has continued to advance since then. By scanning the ancient buildings with lasers, building 3D models with multiple images, as well as measuring everything precisely, engineers can make a copy as accurate as the real one.
As computers and smartphones are hugely popular, the digital replica(復(fù)制品) has great use value. First, it allows tourists to feel the cultural relics without touching them, which helps protect them. The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them. Furthermore, it can make the digitized cultural relics more famous by spreading awareness about them via the Internet. In 2000, a virtual tour of the Great Wall became very popular at the Hannover World Expo, which increased the number of foreign tourists visiting the site in the following years. Above all, it preserves all the information of the cultural relics. Even if the original ones are damaged one day, people can still know what they were like and can build replicas if desired.
Of course, however precise a model is, it is not the original. Time is the biggest threat to a country’s architectural heritage, which will always become ruins with the passing of time. Maybe we will have better technologies in the future, but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　巴黎圣母院的大火讓人們再也無法看到其中被損壞的部分，但是利用數(shù)字技術(shù)，可以讓其原貌重現(xiàn)。人們利用數(shù)字化復(fù)制品，在不觸碰到實(shí)物的情況下，可以讓文化遺產(chǎn)栩栩如生地展現(xiàn)在眼前，并且數(shù)字化復(fù)制品可以保存文化遺產(chǎn)的所有信息，對認(rèn)識和保護(hù)文化遺產(chǎn)有著非凡的意義。
5．What can we see about Notre Dame in the game?
A．The damaged parts.　　 B．Its wooden shape.
C．Its original look. D．The big fire.
C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“In this game, the player can...see Notre Dame as it was before the fire.”可知，在這個(gè)游戲中，我們可以看到火災(zāi)前的巴黎圣母院的原貌，故選C項(xiàng)。
6．What will engineers do to create digital replicas of the ancient buildings?
A．Improve the technology needed.
B．Scan the photos of the buildings.
C．Build 3D models of full size.
D．Measure all the parts exactly.
D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“By scanning the ancient buildings with lasers, building 3D models with multiple images, as well as measuring everything precisely, engineers can make a copy as accurate as the real one.”可知，為了制作數(shù)字化復(fù)制品，工程師需要精確地測量每一部分，故選D項(xiàng)。
7．How does the author prove the digital copy has vital practical importance?
A．By comparison. B．By giving examples.
C．By classification. D．By listing data.
B　解析：寫作手法題。通讀第四段可知，該段列舉了敦煌石窟利用數(shù)字化復(fù)制品讓游客在不接觸實(shí)物的情況下體驗(yàn)文化遺產(chǎn)；列舉了利用數(shù)字化復(fù)制品制作長城虛擬游并在網(wǎng)上推廣，讓世界上更多的人了解長城，吸引了更多的游客。據(jù)此可知，作者使用了“舉例”的方法證明了數(shù)字化復(fù)制品的重要實(shí)用性。故選B項(xiàng)。
8．What is the author’s attitude towards the application of digital technology?
A．Doubtful. B．Neutral.
C．Supportive. D．Conservative.
C　解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Maybe we will have better technologies in the future, but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.”可知，作者認(rèn)為當(dāng)下的數(shù)字技術(shù)為保護(hù)建筑文化遺產(chǎn)提供了一個(gè)實(shí)用的方法。據(jù)此可推知，作者支持?jǐn)?shù)字技術(shù)的應(yīng)用，故選C項(xiàng)。
Ⅱ.讀后續(xù)寫
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。
Though it is one of the faded memories of my life today, there are times when I remember his face clearly, especially his eyes. As he had yellow spots on his eyes we called him Spotty. He would have been a stray(流浪的) dog, until he came to me.
I was seven years old. My dad had just got a new job in Nasik. We had moved into a rented house. It was raining very heavily on the day we moved.
It was a cold dark night. We had our meal and went to sleep. Somehow in the midnight I heard some strange sounds outside the main door. I gathered courage and looked out through the window and I was really amused with what I saw outside.
There was a small puppy lying on an old doormat which my mother had put outside the door. It was wet and trembling. At first it was difficult to see the little one. It was the yellow spots on its eyes that made me realize its presence.
It was trying to get under the doormat to avoid the cold air outside and it had managed to get in as I could see only its head outside the doormat. Was it sick or injured?
I felt pity for the poor soul. I went in and came out with an old towel. I went near the innocent one and held it in my hand and wiped the puppy till he became dry. I took him into my room and made a bed for him with a woolen blanket and a small pillow. He seemed very healthy and comfortable in his new bed as he went to sleep immediately.
The next morning, everyone in the family came to know about the unusual guest. “Shall we keep him with us？” I questioned my mom.
Like any other parents would, my parents first totally refused my idea but my sister and I convinced them to keep Spotty.
Slowly Spotty got on with everyone and became one of the family members.
Paragraph 1：
One day, Spotty returned from his daily walk with a broken leg.____________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________



Paragraph 2：
Almost a year later, one midnight we heard Spotty barking breathlessly.______________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Paragraph 1：
One day, Spotty returned from his daily walk with a broken leg.I called out my mother and she quickly tied a bandage around his leg and gave him food to eat. I was very upset. But the next day, Spotty was up to his usual games though his leg was injured. After this incident my relation with Spotty became more intense. I really admired him for his courage.
Paragraph 2：
Almost a year later, one midnight we heard Spotty barking breathlessly. We came out and saw that he was barking continuously heading somewhere. After some time Spotty became quiet. The next morning, my heart skipped a beat when I didn’t see Spotty. I searched for him in each and every corner but he was nowhere. I cried and waited for him but there were no signs of him. What would have happened to Spotty? Would he have died? These were the only questions in my mind, but they all remained unanswered forever.


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