2021版新高考地區(qū)高考英語（北師大通用版）一輪復習學案：Unit17　Laughter-學案下載-教習網

一、語基必備知識
(一)重點詞匯——分類記憶
Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯——知其意
1．anecdote n．　　　　　　　軼事，趣聞
2．ridiculous adj. 荒謬的，可笑的
3．politician n. 政治家
4．agency n. 代理處，經銷處
5．forgetful adj. 健忘的
6．mature adj. 成熟的
7．counter n. 柜臺
8．queue vi. 排隊
9．swiftly adv. 迅速地
10．border n. 國界，邊境
11．figure n. 人物
12．tension n. 緊張，焦慮
13．purely adv. 完全地，僅僅
14．partly adv. 部分地
15．rarely adv. 很少，難得
Ⅱ.核心詞匯——寫其形
1．response n. 回答
2．withdraw vt. 提取；撤退
3．overlook vt. 忽視
4．clarify vt. 澄清，講清楚
5．delay n. 延誤，延期
6．acknowledge vt. 認可，承認
7．scratch n. 痕跡或劃傷
vt. 劃(破)
8．scold vt. 罵，責罵
9．forbid vt. 禁止，不準
10．universal adj. 通用的，普遍的；全世界的
11．desperate adj. 不顧一切的
12．obtain vt. 得到，獲得
13．compensate vt. 補償，賠償
14．component n. 成分，組成部分
Ⅲ.拓展詞匯——通其變
1．amuse vt.逗樂，使(某人)笑→amusement n．娛樂，消遣；快樂的事，娛樂品→amused adj.娛樂的，覺得好笑的→amusing adj.逗人笑的，好笑的
2．harmony n．協調，和諧→harmonious adj.和諧的，和睦的
3．scared adj.驚恐的，擔驚受怕的→scare vt.使恐懼→scary adj.可怕的，引起恐慌的
4．resist vt.抵抗，抵制→resistant adj.抵抗的；有抵抗力的→resistance n．抵制，抵抗
5．caution n．謹慎，小心→cautious adj.謹慎的→cautiously adv.小心地
6．astonish vt.使驚訝，使驚駭→astonishing adj.令人驚訝的→astonished adj.驚訝的→astonishment n．驚奇
7．disgusting adj.厭惡的→disgust n．厭惡，厭煩 v．使人厭煩→disgusted adj.感到惡心的，厭煩的
8．convince vt.使相信→convincing adj.令人信服的→convinced adj.相信的，信任的
9．starve vi.挨餓，餓死→starvation n．挨餓，餓死
10．tough adj.艱難的；不幸的；強壯的，強健的→toughly adv.堅硬地
11．accomplish vt.取得(成功)，完成(任務)→accomplishment n．功績，成就
12．depth n．深(度)，縱深→deep adj.深的→deeply adv. 深深地→deepen vt.加深
13．profession n．職業(yè)，專業(yè)→professional adj.專業(yè)的
14．unbelievable adj.不可置信的，極其驚人的→believable adj.可信的→believe v．相信
1.“金融”詞匯薈萃
①account n．　　　　　賬目；賬戶
②budget n. 預算(案)
③capital n. 資金；資本
④cheque n. 支票
⑤interest n. 利息
⑥withdraw vt. 提取
⑦financial crisis 金融危機
⑧financial market 金融市場
2.“推遲，耽擱”詞匯小聚
①delay
②hold up
③postpone
④put off
⑤defer
⑥lay over
⑦detain
⑧stop over
3.由“figure”想到的
①VIP　　　　　　　　　　　重要人物
②a historical figure 歷史人物
③a heroic figure 英雄人物
④a typical character 典型人物
⑤a big shot/a somebody 大人物
⑥a small potato/a nobody 小人物
⑦biography 人物傳記
⑧l(xiāng)egendary personage 傳說人物
(二)重點短語——記牢用活
1．burst__out__laughing　　　　　　突然笑起來
2．cash__a__cheque 兌現支票
3．wait__in__line 排隊
4．get__rid__of 處理掉，擺脫
5．fool__around 胡鬧，瞎弄
6．from__time__to__time 不時地
7．result__in 導致，造成
8．run__into 撞上
9．put__on 假裝；穿上；上映
10．turn__sb.off 令人討厭
11．regardless__of 不管，不顧
12．pull__faces 做鬼臉
13．thanks__to 多虧；由于
14．do__sb.good 對某人有益
15．play__around 四處游戲

1.“有時”詞語知多少
①from time to time　　　有時
②at times 間或
③now and then 偶爾
④once in a while 偶爾地
⑤sometimes 有時
2.“引起；導致”詞語大薈萃
①contribute to　　導致；造成
②lead to 引起，導致，造成
③result in 導致，造成
④bring about 引起，導致
⑤cause 引起，造成
3.“v.＋on”短語集錦
①touch on　　　涉及
②take on 雇用；呈現；承擔
③put on 假裝；穿上；上映
④hold on 不掛斷電話
⑤focus on 專注于
(三)重點句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困難
Have you ever had__trouble__trying to spell a word？
你曾經在拼寫一個單詞時有過困難嗎？
句型2：so...that...引導結果狀語從句
He becomes so desperate in the end that he even hides some inside the purse of a woman sitting near him...
最后他不顧一切，甚至把一些(生肉)藏在坐在旁邊的一位女士的錢包里……
句型3：while引導時間狀語從句，從句省略了主語和be
While__still__at__primary__school,__Rowan had already shown admirable acting talent.
當上小學時，羅恩就已經表現出令人贊嘆的表演天賦。
句型4：of the same kind是“of＋名詞”結構，它在句中?？捎米鞅碚Z、定語或賓語補足語
I felt at least forty more of__the__same__kind following the first.
跟著第一個，我又感覺到了至少四十個同樣的人。
二、語境強化訓練
Ⅰ.語境填詞——根據提示寫出該詞的適當形式
1．(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China—its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging(認可) that in many ways.
2．Overlooked(俯視) from the top of the mountain, the city looks more beautiful at night.
3．(2017·全國卷Ⅰ)As you know, to acquire(獲得) a good knowledge of Chinese, you should learn more about Chinese culture and history.
4．Jack and Mike were found cheating in the exam, and are being scolded(責罵) by their teacher at the moment.
5．There has been no response(回應) to his remarks from the government.
6．The street is always busy with heavy traffic, so extreme caution(cautious) is needed when you cross it.
7．A true friend is not scared(scare) to tell you what you are doing is wrong.
8．(2019·北京卷)Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(accomplish) in teams.Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals.
9．Hearing the amusing(amuse) news, all the people in the room burst into laughter.
10．I find it unbelievable(believe) that people can accept this sort of behaviour.
Ⅱ.派生詞練習——用所給詞的適當形式填空
1．The new rule isn’t practical, so there is a lot of resistance to it.Some people who are resistant to any form of change are resisting it.(resist)
2．I was disgusted to see the disgusting pictures and other people all looked at the pictures with disgust,__too.(disgust)
3．He showed me some convincing evidence to convince me that the story was true.At last I was convinced of what he said.(convince)
4．When I turned around, she was staring at the note on the wall in astonishment．She seemed astonished to see the note, for it was about an astonishing achievement.(astonish)
5．She was very cautious and placed the vase on the table with caution and then opened the door cautiously．(cautious)
Ⅲ.選詞成篇
fool around; run into; wait in line; from time to time; thanks to; get rid of
As we all know, riding a bike is good for our health. However, I’d like to buy a new car 1.from__time__to__time. My parents thought that I 2.fooled__around. Although they disagreed, I bought a new car by taking out a loan.Unluckily, I almost 3.ran__into another car the first time I drove it.Now I often 4.wait__in__line on the road because of traffic jams. 5.Thanks__to my parents, they bought me a new bike.Sometimes I can 6.get__rid__of a lot of difficulties by bike.
turn out; regardless of; result in; run after; convince sb.of; do sb.good
On seeing my friends who had bought new iPhones, I was desperate to buy a new one. 7.Regardless__of my parents’ disagreement, I bought a new iPhone. But it 8.turned__out that I spent too much time playing it, which 9.resulted__in my failure in exams. My father 10.convinced__me__of the fact that children shouldn’t spend too much money and time on phones.Instead, reading books and studying 11.do__us__good．Finally, I realized that we shouldn’t 12.run__after new fashion.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．學漢語有困難時不要擔心，慢慢來。
Don’t worry if you have__any__trouble__(in)__studying__Chinese,__and just take your time.
2．昨天天氣很好，我們去野餐了。
The weather was so fine yesterday that we went out for a picnic.
3．站在山頂上時，他看到了那個小村莊。
While__standing__on__the__top__of__the__hill,__he saw the small village.
4．這酒與我們去年買的不一樣。
The wine is not of__the__same__kind as the one we bought last year.

amuse　vt.逗樂，使(某人)笑
[基礎練習]——單句語法填空
①We can find something to amuse ourselves with until you get here.
②We were greatly amused to__hear(hear) about him sitting on the wet paint.
③To the audience’s amusement,__the actor’s amusing performance really amused them and they all felt amused．(amuse)
④However amusing(amuse) the story is, I have to put it away and focus on my paper now.
⑤To be honest, I don’t find the host’s jokes amusing(amuse) at all.
⑥The young man often makes up some funny stories to keep us amused(amuse)．
⑦Amused by his adventure story in Africa, all of us stopped our work.

(1)amuse sb.with sth. 用某事使某人開心/高興
(2)amusing adj. 有趣的，逗樂的
(3)amused adj. 感到快樂的
be amused at/by... 以……為樂
be amused to do sth. 做某事來取樂
(4)amusement n. 消遣；娛樂
to one’s amusement 讓人感到愉快(有趣)的是　
[佳句背誦] ①Someone might be amused when they understand a joke.
當聽懂一個笑話時，他們可能會很開心。
②To my great amusement, his false beard fell off.
使我感到極其好笑的是，他的假胡子掉下來了。
delay 　n．& v．延誤，延期，耽擱
[基礎練習]——單句語法填空
①To wait for him to come, we delayed getting(get) on board as long as we could.
②There is little time left, so I hope that discussion will take place without delay.
③Unfortunately, the flight was__delayed(delay) because of the heavy fog.
④When the delayed(delay) flight will take off depends much on the weather.
[能力提升]——完成句子
⑤(天津卷)我們拖延得越久，我們會感到越累。
And the__longer__we__delay__it,__the more tired we feel.
⑥最后他們同意推遲做出最終的決定。
At last they agreed to delay__the__final__decision．
⑦(福建卷)Michael通知我們他的延誤以防我們擔心，他真是考慮周全。
It was considerate of Michael to inform__us__of__his__delay in case we got worried.

(1)delay doing sth.　　　延遲做某事
be delayed by... 因……而延誤
(2)without delay 立即，立刻，毫不耽擱
(3)delayed adj. 延時的；拖延的　
[佳句背誦] ①But it’s a bad habit to delay doing things. Don’t put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
但是做事拖拖拉拉不是個好習慣。不要把今天能做的事情留到明天。
②We shall be grateful if you will look into the matter and let us have a reply without delay.
如能調查此事并及時給予答復，我們將很感激。
acknowledge　v．承認；認為；告知(收到)；確認；(公開)感謝
[基礎練習]——單句語法填空
①a.(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)Her years of hard work have finally been__acknowledged(acknowledge) after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.
b．Generally acknowledged(acknowledge) as the finest poet in the country, he still lives a low-profile life.
②a.With no solid evidence, he refused to acknowledge stealing(steal) the lady’s purse.
b．He acknowledged being__defeated(defeat) publicly by his friend in the game, which made us surprised.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③It__is__universally__acknowledged__that(大家公認) we can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world.

(1)acknowledge doing sth.　　　承認做了某事
acknowledge sth./＋that從句承認……
acknowledge sb.as.../to be... 認為……是……(常用于被動語態(tài))
(2)It is widely/universally acknowledged that...
大家公認……　
[佳句背誦] Frequent travelling is widely acknowledged to be/as the easiest way to broaden our mental horizons.
大家公認，經常旅游是開闊我們視野的最簡單的方法。
[詞塊助記]
acknowledge my error　　　　　　承認我的錯誤
acknowledge the greeting with a nod 點頭回應了問候
resist　v．抗拒；對抗；反抗；抵抗；忍住(一般用于否定式)
[基礎練習]——單句語法填空
①The new clothes in that shop are so beautiful that Anna cannot resist taking(take) a close look at them, although she cannot afford them at present.
②a.(2017·北京卷)The resistance(resist) to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk.
b．Many young girls aren’t resistant(resist) to some delicious food, so they become fat.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
購物時，人們常常忍不住買一些根本不需要的東西。
③When shopping, people often can’t__resist__buying something they don’t really need.(resist)
④When shopping, people often can’t__help__buying something they don’t really need.(help)

(1)resist doing sth.　　　反對做某事
can’t resist doing sth.＝can’t help doing sth.
無法抗拒做某事；
忍不住做某事
(2)resistant adj. 有抵抗力的；反抗的，抗拒的
resistance n. 抵抗；反對　
[佳句背誦] We should resist the temptation of junk food.
我們應該抵制垃圾食品的誘惑。
[名師點津] resist表示“忍住”時，常與表示否定意義的can’t/can hardly/be not able to 連用；resist 后接v.-ing形式作賓語，不接不定式。
forbid　 vt.(forbad/forbade，forbidden)禁止；不許
[基礎練習]——單句語法填空
①(重慶卷)In some Middle Eastern countries, exposing your flesh is__forbidden(forbid), especially if you are a woman.
②a.You can’t smoke here. Regulations forbid smoking(smoke) in this room.
b．The patients are forbidden, even if they have recovered, to__drink(drink) in the hospital.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
禁止孩子們過度玩手機是父母的責任。
③It is their parents’ duty to forbid__the__children__to__play mobile phones excessively.
④It is their parents’ duty to forbid__the__children__from__playing mobile phones excessively.

forbid (doing) sth.　　　　禁止 (做) 某事
forbid sb. to do sth.＝forbid sb. from doing sth.
禁止某人做某事
forbid sb.sth. 禁止某人某事　
[名師點津]
(1)forbid后不能直接跟動詞不定式作賓語，但可直接跟動名詞作賓語，也可用forbid sb.to do sth.形式。
(2)與forbid用法類似的動詞還有allow, advise, permit等。
[詞塊助記]
the Forbidden City　　　　　紫禁城
astonished　adj.吃驚的，驚訝的
[基礎練習]——單句語法填空
①The old man was astonished to__see(see) so many people standing outside the gate.
②(2017·江蘇卷)Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing(astonish) ways.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
讓我們感到非常驚訝的是，這個漂亮的女孩竟然是小偷。
③To__our__great__astonishment,__the beautiful girl is a thief.
④What__made__us__astonished__most__was__that the beautiful girl is a thief.(主語從句)
⑤We__were__astonished____at/by____the__fact that the beautiful girl turned out to be a thief.

(1)be astonished at/by sth. 對某事感到驚訝
be astonished to do sth. 對做某事感到驚訝
(2)astonish vt. 使驚訝，使驚駭
It astonishes sb.that... 讓某人驚訝的是……
(3)astonishing adj. 令人驚訝的
(4)astonishment n. 驚訝，驚異
to one’s astonishment 讓人吃驚的是
in/with astonishment 吃驚地　
[名師點津] 表情緒變化的一些動詞，如interest，excite，astonish，surprise等，它們的-ed形式常用來修飾人，意為“感到……”；它們的-ing形式常修飾事物，表示“令人感到……”。
convince　vt.使信服；使相信
[基礎練習]——單句語法填空
①Our football team is firmly convinced of its victory over the visiting team.
②I’m afraid that I can’t accept your argument, for you haven’t offered enough convincing(convince) evidence.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)我是一名中國的大學生，專業(yè)是藝術，我現在在倫敦學習，所以我相信我可以成為一名有奉獻精神的志愿者。
I’m a Chinese college student majoring in art and I’m studying in London now, so I am__convinced__that__I__can__be__a__devoted__volunteer．

(1)convince sb. of sth.　　　使某人信服某事
convince sb. to do sth. 說服某人做某事
convince sb. that... 使某人確信……
(2)convinced adj. 確信的；深信的
be convinced of/that... 確信……
(3)convincing adj. 有說服力的；令人信服的　
[佳句背誦] The picture convinces me that it is even more important to be a good daughter than a good student.　這幅圖畫讓我深信做一個好女兒甚至比做一個好學生更重要。
accomplish　vt.取得(成功)；完成(任務)
[基礎練習]——單句語法填空
①He is such a man who will never give up unless he accomplishes(accomplish) his aim.
②China has achieved great accomplishments(accomplish) in space science and technology in recent years.
③Lang Lang is one of the most accomplished(accomplish) pianists in the world.
④(上海卷)Youth sport has the potential to__accomplish(accomplish) three important objectives in children’s development.

(1)accomplish one’s aim　達到目的
accomplish a task 完成任務
(2)accomplishment n. 才藝，才能；實現；成就
(3)accomplished adj. 熟練的；有才藝的　
[佳句背誦] This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.　這會給你做好下午工作所需要的自信，讓你感到很有成就感地下班。(全國卷Ⅱ)
result in　導致
[基礎練習]——對比填空(result in；result from；as a result；as a result of)
①There is more and more noise pollution. As__a__result,__many species are dying out.
②As__a__result__of more and more noise pollution, many species are dying out.
③More and more noise pollution has resulted__in many species dying out.
④The fact that many species are dying out results__from more and more noise pollution.
[能力提升]——完成句子
⑤由于缺乏社交而產生的誤解，如果處理不當，可能會導致嚴重的問題。
Misunderstandings resulting__from__lack__of__social__communication,__if not handled properly, may lead to serious problems.(分詞作定語)

(1)result from　　　由……造成；因……而產生
(2)as a result 結果
as a result of 由于……的結果
without result 沒有結果；白費　
[佳句背誦] As a result, in order to enrich my social experience, I decided to apply for the job.　結果，為了豐富我的社會經驗，我決定申請這份工作。
[名師點津]
(1)result in的主語是“起因”，賓語是“結果”；
(2)result from的主語是“結果”，賓語是“起因”；
(3)表示“導致”的詞語還有cause, lead to, contribute to等。
regardless of　不管；不顧
[基礎練習]——單句語法填空
①(2019·全國卷Ⅰ) ...whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
[能力提升]——完成句子
②(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)Despite/In__spite__of__the__rain(盡管下雨), we can still take part in physical activities in the stadium.
③(江蘇卷)除此之外，網絡使調查和投票無論在時間上還是空間上變得容易、方便了。
In addition, the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient, regardless__of__time__and__space．

(1)regardless of　　　不管；不顧(側重指不計后果和代價)
(2)despite＝in spite of 盡管；不管；雖然
(后常接名詞，不接從句)
(3)with regard to 關于；至于　
[佳句背誦] You will hurt others if you say what you think, regardless of other people’s feelings.
如果你想說什么就說什么，而不管別人怎么想，你會傷害別人的。
thanks to　幸虧；由于；因為
[能力提升]——完成句子
①(江蘇卷)由于良好的創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境，很多大學生創(chuàng)辦的生意都很成功。
Many businesses started up by college students have taken off thanks__to__the__comfortable__climate for business creation.
②由于她的努力，她成功通過了考試。
Owing__to/Because__of__her__hard__work,__she succeeded in passing the exam.
③他失誤的原因是年輕沒有經驗。
His mistake was due__to__youth__and__inexperience．

表示“由于，因為”意思的短語還有due to, as a result of, because of, owing to等?！?
[佳句背誦] ①Thanks to this treatment，the injured in the explosion were gradually picking up.　多虧了這種療法，在爆炸中受傷的人正在逐漸地恢復中。
②At college I developed an eating disorder and began to feel quite anxious as a result of the diet pills I was taking.　在大學的時候，我得了飲食性疾病，然后因為服用控制飲食的藥物而開始感到非常焦慮。

so...that...引導結果狀語從句
(教材P24)He becomes so desperate in the end that he even hides some inside the purse of a woman sitting near him...
最后他不顧一切，甚至把一些(生肉)藏在坐在旁邊的一位女士的錢包里……
[基礎練習]——單句語法填空
①Beijing is so attractive a place that lots of tourists from home and abroad visit the city every year.
②It is such lovely weather that we all want to go out for a walk.
③(2018·江蘇卷)Everyone is faced with such wonderful goods every day that they find they are difficult to choose from.
[能力提升]——句式升級
④(普通表達)The volleyball match is so significant that everyone should arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule.(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)
(高級表達)So__significant__is__the__volleyball__match__that everyone should arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule.(倒裝)

(1)so...that...句型的常見形式：

(2)such...that...句型的常見形式：

(3)當so/such及其后成分放在句首時，主句用部分倒裝?！?
[佳句背誦] Keeping a learning diary every day is so important that I would like to introduce it to you.
每天堅持寫學習日記是如此重要，所以我想把這種學習方法介紹給你們。
while引導時間狀語從句，從句省略了主語和be
(教材P25)While still at primary school, Rowan had already shown admirable acting talent.
當上小學時，羅恩就已經表現出令人贊嘆的表演天賦。
[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中while的含義
①Could you look after the children while I cook lunch？當……時
②The south of the country grows richer, while the north grows poorer.而，可是
③While I agree with you, I don’t believe that your way is the best.雖然
[能力提升]——句型轉換
④While he was playing with the local children, he picked up some French.
→While__playing__with the local children, he picked up some French.

(1)句中While后省略了he was。當while從句中的主語與主句的主語一致，且含有be的某種形式時，從句中的主語連同be可同時省略。
(2)while的用法歸納：
①引導時間狀語從句，意為“當……時”“在……期間”。
②引導讓步狀語從句，常放在句首，意為“盡管”“雖然”。
③連接并列句，表示對比，意為“而”“可是”。　
[佳句背誦] While walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.
當她沿著河岸散步時，她正在唱一首流行歌曲。

維度一　在空白處填入括號內單詞的正確形式
1．(天津卷)I got my next lesson from rock climbing.It was a fun thing but I was scared(scare) from the start.
2．When she saw a car coming，she tried desperately(desperate) to push the boy away.
3．(2018·江蘇卷)These people earn a living wage for their professional(profession) knowledge and skills.
4．We were astonished to__find(find) the temple still in its original condition.
5．(2018·浙江卷6月)It’s partly(part) true that Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.
維度二　在空白處填入1個適當的單詞
1．It is unbelievable that Mr. Lucas leads a simple life despite his great wealth.
2．While lying on the grass，the boy heard someone calling for help.
3．Michelle told me my picture showed joy, pride and a sense of accomplishment.
4．Competition can be healthy, but if it is pushed too far it can result in bullying.
5．He went to the rescue of a drowning child regardless of his personal safety.
維度三　語境品詞(寫出加黑詞匯在語境中的意義)
1．Unlike traditional amusement parks，theme parks often teach visitors something.消遣；娛樂
2．It is for these reasons that I am firmly convinced that this rule will promote the learning atmosphere and our teamwork spirit.使信服；使相信
3．It is universally acknowledged that wealth doesn’t necessarily mean happiness.認為
4．She is overweight, but she can’t resist eating more delicious food.抵抗
5．Our school is a non-smoking school.So smoking is forbidden here.禁止
6．(2019·江蘇卷) It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of people’s opinions.However，they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.導致
7．At our hotel, services are available to all, regardless of income or social status. 不管；不顧

提能一　語段填空(短文中黑體部分為本單元核心知識點，請補全短文，并背誦體會黑體部分用法)
It is generally 1.acknowledged(acknowledge) that laughter is beneficial to our health. It can result 2.in relaxed mind, help us get rid of bad moods and make 3.us(we) forget about misfortunes. Scientists convince people that laughter is very important in our life through experiments and it can help us live in harmony with each other even 4.if/though we run into some trouble. Therefore, no one can resist its charm.
As we know, comedians’ job is 5.to__amuse(amuse) the audience through humorous words and a series of simple and funny acts. My favourite comedian is Chen Peisi. While 6.watching(watch) his performances, the audience will burst into laughter from time to time. Even when his performances 7.are__delayed(delay), the audience never turn him off. I think no 8.accomplishment(accomplish) can be achieved in a short time, and 9.success(succeed) asks for continuous work and efforts. I am 10.rarely(rare) crazy about someone, but I do like Mr. Chen.
提能二　話題寫作(用本單元詞匯、句式和語法知識寫滿分作文)
1．補全要點句(黑體部分請用本單元所學詞匯)
①查理·卓別林被公認為是電影史上最有名的喜劇演員之一。
Charlie Chaplin is__acknowledged__as one of the most outstanding comedians in__the__history__of the cinema.
②他最早的電影的魅力使大多數人無法抗拒。
His earliest films were__hard__to__resist for most people.
③在舞臺上他想出了很多辦法讓觀眾開懷大笑。
On the stage he came__up__with many ways and could make people burst__into__laughter．
④他有能力讓世人感到開心，他獲得了許多成就。
He has__the__ability__to__amuse__people all over the world. He accomplished__many__achievements．
⑤他的表演使人們相信，應該積極地生活。
His performance convinced__people__that__they__should__lead__an__active__life．
2．升級平淡句
⑥用不定式作目的狀語升級句③
On__the__stage__he__came__up__with__many__ways__to__make__people__burst__into__laughter.
⑦用so引導結果狀語從句升級句④
He__has__the__ability__to__amuse__people__all__over__the__world,__so__he__accomplished__many__achievements.
3．銜接成美文
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One possible version：
Charlie Chaplin is acknowledged as one of the most outstanding comedians in the history of the cinema. His earliest films were hard to resist for most people. On the stage he came up with many ways to make people burst into laughter. He has the ability to amuse people all over the world, so he accomplished many achievements. His performance convinced people that they should lead an active life.

課時練1　2篇閱讀＋1篇完形＋1篇應用文寫作
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2020·合肥第二次質檢)The idea that you can use humor, laughter, and play to make you healthier probably seems too simple to be true. However, it is really true and simple. The sense of humor, laughter and play plays an important part in keeping you healthy.
Treat the blues with a sense of humor, which is closely tied to laughter. Laughter is infectious. Have you ever heard a big laugh of a young child and been able to keep yourself from smiling? When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness. Smiling is the beginning of laughter and a smile is also just as infectious as laughter is. You can experience something by smiling at everyone around you, and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.
Play is an important part of making sure that we stay healthy. We are often encouraged to make sure our children play, and are told of the benefits of being out playing. However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as it’s for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness. While the studies are still in the early stages, the studies that have been done have shown that physical play certainly plays a part in preventing cognitive(認知的) falling.
Anyway, adding humor, laughter, and play to our life will influence us mentally, physically and socially and bring us many advantages. So we should make full use of humor, laughter and play to make our life more active, more interesting and happier.
【解題導語】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了幽默、大笑和玩耍給人們的健康帶來的好處。
1．What does the underlined word “infectious” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Playing an important role.
B．Keeping people in high spirits.
C．Quickly influencing other people.
D．Preventing illness from spreading.
C　解析：詞義猜測題。根據第二段第四句“When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness.”可知，當人們分享笑容時，人們的關系更親密，人們也會更加快樂。故infectious的意思為“迅速影響其他人”。
2．What can laughter increase according to the author?
A．Cognitive ability.
B．Good relationships.
C．A sense of humor.
D．Happiness and trust.
B　解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness...and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.”可知，在作者看來大笑能使人們之間的關系更親密。
3．What does the author think the old should do?
A．They should have a good rest.
B．They should play like children.
C．They should prevent cognitive falling.
D．They should take part in physical play.
D　解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段第三、四句“However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as it’s for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness.”可知，作者認為老年人應該參與身體活動。
4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A．Humor, Laughter and Play for Health
B．Always Keep Our Body Healthy
C．Have an Active and Happy Life
D．Let Our Body and Mind Relax
A　解析：標題歸納題。根據最后一段“Anyway, adding humor, laughter, and play to our life will influence us mentally, physically and socially and bring us many advantages. So we should make full use of humor, laughter and play to make our life more active, more interesting and happier.”可知，這篇文章的主旨是幽默、大笑和玩耍有利于健康。
B
(2020·安徽省示范高中模擬) “Joe? Is that you？” The woman speaking to me at the baseball game looked a little familiar. “Marci？” I asked. “It is you！” she cried out, smiling broadly. “It’s good to see you again！”
It was good to see Marci, too. Off and on during the past few decades, I’ve wondered about her. I almost tried to search for her a few years ago after talking to a friend who had indicated that the 1990s had been pretty rough for Marci. So meeting her at the baseball game was really a surprise.
We spent a few minutes talking about our lives—the good old and bad old days. Then Marci grew quiet for a moment. “You know, Joe，” she said, “I’ve always wanted to tell you how...how...sorry I am for the way I treated you. You must have been hurt both physically and mentally.” It was a little embarrassed. I turned and looked at her. “It’s OK，” I said, “No big deal！” “But I was such a jerk，” she continued. “Yes, you were，” I thought. “We were both pretty young，” I smiled. “I know，” she said. “It’s just always bothered me, remembering how mean I was to you. And I’ve wanted to tell you that I’m sorry.” The expression on her face was warm and sincere. And there was something in her eyes—it looked a lot like relief. “OK，” I said. “Apology accepted！” Overcome by the sweetness of the moment, I reached an arm around her and gave her a quick hug. Just then, the crowd erupted with a huge cheer, and Marci and I both returned our attention to the game. By the time I looked over to where she had been and she was gone. But the warm, wonderful feeling of our brief exchange was still there, and continues to this day whenever I think about it.
It isn’t enough to just say “I’m sorry” and “You’re forgiven”. But when those words are truly felt and sincerely expressed, they can open the door to miracles of the heart. Forgiveness can bring peace to an injured soul—even years after the fact. Even at a baseball game.
【解題導語】　本文是一篇記敘文。“我”在棒球賽場見到了多年未見的朋友Marci。她見到“我”后為以前那樣對待“我”向“我”真誠地道歉，“我”立刻原諒了她。之后“我們”都感到溫暖和愉快。
5．What kind of life did Marci live during the late 20th century according to the passage?
A．Happy.　　　　　　　　　 B．Busy.
C．Hard. D．Simple.
C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段第三句“I almost tried to search for her a few years ago after talking to a friend who had indicated that the 1990s had been pretty rough for Marci.”可知，在20世紀90年代Marci生活得很艱難，故C項正確。
6．What does the underlined word “jerk” in the third paragraph mean?
A．A humorous person. B．A cruel person.
C．A careless person. D．An honest person.
B　解析：詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞下文中的“It’s just always bothered me, remembering how mean I was to you.”可知，當時她對“我”很刻薄，這件事一直困擾著她，再結合畫線詞所在句可知，她認為自己是一個刻薄的人；據此可知，畫線詞與B項含義相近，故B項正確。
7．Why did Marci look in relief after talking with the author?
A．Because her favorite team won the game.
B．Because she learned Joe was living a good life.
C．Because she made an apology to the author.
D．Because she found she was not mean any longer.
C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的“‘...And I’ve wanted to tell you that I’m sorry.’ The expression on her face was warm and sincere. And there was something in her eyes—it looked a lot like relief.”可知，由于Marci向“我”真誠地道了歉，所以她的眼里露出了輕松，故C項正確。
8．What might be the best title for the passage?
A．Excitement of a Baseball Game
B．Mental Burden of a Woman
C．Miracles of Forgiveness
D．Relief of Finding a Friend
C　解析：標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章最后兩句為全文的主題句；結合全文內容可知，本文通過講述“我”接受朋友Marci的真誠道歉，體會到原諒可以撫慰受傷的心靈的故事，說明了原諒創(chuàng)造的奇跡，故C項最適合作為本文標題。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·蘭州高三診斷)When I was a kid, my parents sent me to a summer camp in New Hampshire. At the camp we did tons of great things like swimming, sports and archery(射箭), but for me, the most memorable __1__ was an overnight trip of mountain climbing. If you’ve ever __2__ a mountain, you know it’s a physical challenge, __3__when you’re carrying your food and shelter on your back. When campers got __4__， they certainly started complaining.
“How much farther is it？”
“I can’t go any further.”
“My __5__ is too heavy. Can you carry it for me？”
The reply of the __6__was, “Suck it up.(別抱怨)”. The truth is that the complaining campers were __7__ near the point of __8__. If they had been, the teachers would have noticed the __9__ and given them care. The kids simply weren’t used to the physical challenge. Once they realized they weren’t getting any sympathy, they __10__ the discomfort, and in most cases __11__ having a great time. In my camp days, I don’t __12__ a single camper complaining at the __13__ of the mountain.
There are two ways to deal with an __14__ situation. You can complain, or you can make the best of it. If you complain, you might feel like you’re getting that __15__ energy out, but you’re probably not going to cause a positive change. It’s much more likely that your complaining will cause the __16__ of those around you. No one likes a complainer. They’re __17__ and they hurt the group. Complaining makes life __18__ for everyone. Instead, if you determine to master your own __19__， to move past it and focus on a __20__， it’s my experience that you’ll realize it wasn’t bad in the first place.
【解題導語】　本文是一篇記敘文?！拔摇毙r候參加了一個夏令營，和其他人一起參加夜晚登山露營活動。登山過程中，有人會抱怨走不動了；但是后來“我”發(fā)現，如果我們停止抱怨，堅持下去，我們的道路并沒有那么難走。
1．A.experience B．behaviour
C．occasion D．situation
A　解析：根據該句中的“an overnight trip of mountain climbing”可知，此處表示這是最難以忘懷的一次經歷。
2．A.seen B．reached
C．climbed D．described
C　解析：根據上文中的“mountain climbing”可知，此處表示“爬山”。
3．A.especially B．normally
C．obviously D．naturally
A　解析：根據語境可知，爬山是一種身體上的挑戰(zhàn)，尤其是當你背著食物和露營裝備的時候。
4．A.ashamed B．tired
C．puzzled D．shocked
B　解析：根據語境并結合常識可知，當露營者累了的時候，他們開始抱怨。A項意為“羞愧”；B項意為“累的”；C項意為“困惑的”；D項意為“震驚的”。
5．A.food B．water
C．shelter D．backpack
D　解析：根據上文中的“when you’re carrying your food and shelter on your back”可知，此處表示有人抱怨自己的背包太重。
6．A.parents B．teachers
C．guides D．partners
B　解析：根據下文中的“the teachers would have noticed...care”可知，此處表示“老師們的回答”。
7．A.somewhere B．anywhere
C．nowhere D．everywhere
C　解析：根據語境并結合常識可知，事實是，抱怨的露營者遠沒有(nowhere)筋疲力盡(exhaustion)。
8．A.camp B．exhaustion
C．mountain D．destination
B　解析：參見上題解析。
9．A.signs B．activities
C．gestures D．scenes
A　解析：根據語境可知，如果有人筋疲力盡的話，老師們會注意到這種跡象，并且給予他們照顧。A項意為“跡象”；B項意為“活動”；C項意為“姿態(tài)”；D項意為“場面”。
10．A.shared B．understood
C．suffered D．overcame
D　解析：根據語境可知，抱怨的人一旦意識到他們得不到同情，他們會克服不適，并且大多數情況下，最終玩得很開心。
11．A.couldn’t help B．ended up
C．insisted on D．gave up
B　解析：參見上題解析。A項意為“忍不住做某事”；B項意為“到頭來”；C項意為“堅持”；D項意為“放棄”。
12．A.recall B．forget
C．disturb D．forgive
A　解析：根據上文中的“the most memorable”并結合語境可推知，“我”不記得(recall)在山頂(top)有人抱怨過。
13．A.foot B．top
C．back D．base
B　解析：參見上題解析。
14．A.unbelievable B．unexpected
C．unusual D．unpleasant
D　解析：根據下文中的“complain” “make the best of it”可知，有兩種方式來應對不愉快的境況。A項意為“難以置信的”；B項意為“出乎意料”；C項意為“不尋常的”；D項意為“令人不快的”。
15．A.great B．spare
C．negative D．potential
C　解析：根據語境可推知，如果你抱怨了，你也許會感到你正在將那些負面的能量釋放出來，但是你很可能不會產生正面的改變。故選C。
16．A.dislike B．respect
C．sympathy D．enthusiasm
A　解析：根據下文中的“No one likes a complainer.”可推知，抱怨會引起周圍的人(對你)的討厭。A項意為“不喜歡”；B項意為“尊敬”；C項意為“同情”；D項意為“熱情”。
17．A.amazing B．shocking
C．worrying D．annoying
D　解析：根據該句中的“they hurt the group”可知，抱怨的人讓人討厭。A項意為“驚人的”；B項意為“令人震驚的”；C項意為“令人擔憂的”；D項意為“討厭的”。
18．A.poorer B．harder
C．easier D．better
B　解析：根據語境并結合常識可推知，抱怨讓每個人的生活更加艱難。故選B。
19．A.life B．mind
C．suffering D．mistake
C　解析：根據語境可知，相反，據“我”的經驗看，如果你決心去掌控你的痛苦(suffering)，越過它并集中注意力于解決方法(solution)，那么一開始你就會意識到它并不是那么糟糕。
20．A.trip B．plan
C．solution D．dream
C　解析：參見上題解析。
Ⅲ.應用文寫作
假定你是李華，你校成功舉辦了校園文化秀(the Campus Culture Show)?，F在，請你按照以下要點給英國網友Wilson寫一封郵件，分享這次活動。
1．活動時間、地點；
2．活動內容；
3．活動感受。
注意：
1．詞數80左右；
2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
Dear Wilson，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__Wilson，
I’m writing to share our school’s Campus Culture Show held last Friday on the second floor of our school’s art center.
The event was meant to enrich students’ life. Art works including photography and calligraphy were exhibited, from which we could appreciate the beauty of our life and experience the attraction of Chinese characters. What impressed us most was the folk dance and local operas performed by students. Through these activities, we not only got relaxed but also exposed ourselves to traditional Chinese culture.
Looking forward to hearing from you again.
Yours，
Li__Hua
課時練2　2篇閱讀＋1篇七選五＋
1篇語法填空
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2020·昆明診斷測試)The world can be a scary place when you’re young. It can be even scarier when you’re a young little blue penguin(企鵝), the tiniest of the penguin species. Luckily, there are some humans willing to help. They stepped in to protect Billy, a blue penguin that appeared on a beach in Christchurch, New Zealand.
Spotted on November 29 at the slipway at Moncks Bay, near Sumner, in Christchurch, the little penguin immediately attracted a small crowd. Jeff Mein Smith saw the crowd while he was bicycling that afternoon, and he biked home to get his camera. When he returned to the scene, he found that the penguin had received a little sign, one that read “Hi, I’m waiting for my mum to come back. DOC(Department of Conservation) knows I’m here. Please leave me alone. Keep your dog away. Thanks, Billy the baby blue penguin.”
Billy didn’t move away from the sign. The DOC arrived later that afternoon to pick up Billy, though they were surprised to see it on the beach. “It’s unusual for a blue penguin to be out in the open on the beach during the day，” Anita Spencer, a DOC senior ranger, told Stuff.
Billy was taken to the Christchurch Penguin Rehabilitation Center after being retrieved from the beach. Volunteers believe the bird may actually be a female penguin, and is around 2 months old. The chick weighs a mere 550 grams, less than a standard basketball. A blue penguin should weigh around 900 grams at this age. Most little penguins grow up to weigh 1 kilogram.
The center will help the little penguin gain some weight by feeding it fish juice, before it’s set free into the ocean.
【解題導語】　本文主要講述了一只小藍企鵝在人們的幫助下最終得救的故事。
1．Why can the world be frightening to a young penguin?
A．It is a rare species.
B．It faces potential danger.
C．It is surrounded by the crowd.
D．It is threatened by dogs.
B　解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段，尤其是倒數第二、三句“Please leave me alone. Keep your dog away.”可知，當時有人在那只小藍企鵝旁邊豎立了一個牌子警示人們不要打擾它，不要讓狗靠近它。由此可推知，對于那只小藍企鵝來講，這個世界是可怕的，因為它面臨著一些潛在的危險。故B項正確。
2．It can be inferred from the text that Billy________．
A．is a female penguin
B．has expressed its thanks
C．weighs less for its age
D．prefers living on the beach
C　解析：推理判斷題。根據第四段中的“The chick weighs a mere 550 grams, less than a standard basketball. A blue penguin should weigh around 900 grams at this age.”可知，這只小藍企鵝體重只有550克，而處于它這個年齡的小藍企鵝的體重應達到900克左右。由此可推知，這只小藍企鵝的體重低于它這個年齡的小藍企鵝的體重。故C項正確。
3．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “retrieved” in Paragraph 4?
A．Ignored.　　　　　　　　 B．Cured.
C．Given away. D．Brought back.
D　解析：詞義猜測題。根據第四段第一句“Billy was taken to the Christchurch Penguin Rehabilitation Center after being retrieved from the beach.”可知，這只小藍企鵝是從沙灘上被帶到克賴斯特徹奇的一個企鵝康復中心的。由此可推知，畫線詞與brought back “帶回”意思相近。故D項正確。
4．What will happen to Billy in the center?
A．It will be reported to Stuff.
B．It will be visited by the locals.
C．It will be taken good care of.
D．It will be fed with fruit juice.
C　解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段“The center will help the little penguin gain some weight by feeding it fish juice, before it’s set free into the ocean.”可知，在這只小藍企鵝被放回海洋之前，康復中心會幫助它增加一些體重。由此可推知，在那個企鵝康復中心里，這只小藍企鵝會得到很好的照顧。故C項正確。
B
(2020·佛山高三調研)I was selfish as a teenager. I usually spent my time thinking about myself and taking care of my own needs. I let my older brother do most of the work around the house until he left for college. I let my mom and dad worry about our bills and problems while I read books, played, and lost myself in my own imagination. This didn’t change even when I went to college either. I studied hard but only to make my own life better. Even when I started to explore my faith, it was only to increase my own happiness.
I married after graduation and decided to start a family. Of course, I had no idea what hard knocks reality had in store for my selfish soul. Soon I found myself unemployed, deeply in debt, and with a new baby on the way. I found out that life has little sympathy for spoiled people. In fact, all of the struggles I was going through were beating the selfishness slowly out of me.
Still, I didn’t give up on happiness, I knew that there must be a way to find it. I finally realized, however, that it had to include more than just my own needs, wants, and desires. The answer began to make itself clear one night shortly after my baby boy was born. I got a bottle and held him in my arms. As I was feeding him I looked down and saw his big, innocent, trusting eyes. I smiled and talked to him. Then he smiled and I could feel my heart growing, expanding with love. I felt such peace and joy. At that moment I had a hint of the truth: It is by growing our hearts with love that we find our happiness.
Carolyn Arends wrote：“The more people you let into your heart, the bigger your heart gets. The more love you get, the more love you have to give. It just keeps growing.” So, keep loving, keep living and keep caring. Keep growing your heart today, tomorrow, and always.
【解題導語】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，主要講述作者由一個自私的人成長為一個心中對他人有愛的人，也明白了“愛他人即幸?！钡牡览淼慕洑v。
5．What do we know about the author form the first paragraph?
A．He often helped his brother with housework.
B．He studied hard for his family.
C．He put his own needs above others’．
D．He was concerned about his family.
C　解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“l(fā)et my older brother do most of the work” “l(fā)et my mom and dad worry about our bills and problems” “This didn’t change even when I went to college either” “I studied hard but only to make my own life better.”和“it was only to increase my own happiness” 的描述可推知，作者在青少年時期較為自私，行為處事總是只考慮自己，幾乎不為家人考慮，即他把自己的需要放在別人的需要之上。故選C項。
6．What did the author realize after he suffered in life?
A．Spoiled people can’t survive the hardship of life.
B．Life is cruel to spoiled people.
C．Spoiled people are never happy in life.
D．Selfishness is helpful.
B　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中的“Soon I found myself unemployed, deeply in debt, and with a new baby on the way. I found out that life has little sympathy for spoiled people.”可知，作者在經歷了人生的失意后，終于發(fā)現生活對被寵壞的人是殘酷的。
7．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．The author loved kids.
B．The author often fed his baby.
C．The author realized the importance of happiness.
D．When caring for his baby, the author got inspired.
D　解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“As I was feeding him I looked down and saw his big, innocent, trusting eyes. I smiled and talked to him. Then he smiled and I could feel my heart growing, expanding with love. I felt such peace and joy. At that moment I had a hint of the truth: It is by growing our hearts with love that we find our happiness.”可推知，作者在照料孩子的過程中領悟到了通往幸福的途徑。
8．Which can be the best title for the passage?
A．Loving Others, a Way to Happiness
B．The Elder One Grows, the More He Gets
C．Help Others, Help Oneself
D．Keep Growing to Live a Happy Life
A　解析：標題歸納題。根據最后一段中的“‘The more people you let into your heart, the bigger your heart gets. The more love you get, the more love you have to give. It just keeps growing.’ So, keep loving, keep living and keep caring. Keep growing your heart today, tomorrow, and always.”的描述可推知，這篇文章的主旨是“愛他人即幸?！?。
Ⅱ.七選五
(2020·洛陽第二次統考)Can creativity be taught? That’s a question without a simple yes or no answer. Creativity may not be able to be taught directly, but what you can get better at is frequently targeting at the circumstances of life which bring the greatest chances for true creative expression. 1.________， but more like something which manifests(顯現) itself inside those who learn to develop it and create the right conditions for it.
Limit your selection of tools to only the most vital. 2.________. You’ll be sharper than someone who merely fights with a larger set of tools.
Learn how to be resourceful. 3.________. Creativity is not just about creating something new but making old things work better as well. Think of crazy possibilities as well as practical ones. You might find inspiration for a workable solution in one of your ideas.
Don’t listen to feedback(反饋) and keep following your own path. The problem of asking for feedback is that the feedback will be given according to the person’s past experience. Others will unconsciously push you in a direction that they see as the best. 4.________. Just don’t let criticism destroy your creativity during the creative process.
5．________. Routines are positive if they strengthen a healthy creative consciousness and negative if they destroy that. The key is to discover a creative routine that puts you in a more creative mindset.
A．Creativity is not like a lightning strike
B．Having a routine is actually not a bad idea
C．You can literally do anything you like with them
D．Resourcefulness is about making the most of what you have to work with
E．The more limited your set of tools is, the more creative the output will be
F．This is done with good intentions, but it actually hurts your natural creativity
G．While breaking your routine once in a while to force new ways of thinking is good
【解題導語】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造力的一些方法。
1．A　解析：根據空后的“but more like something which...conditions for it”可知，空處和后面的句子構成一個“not...but...”句型。故選A項。
2．E　解析：由空前一句“Limit your selection of tools to only the most vital.”可知，E項符合語境，承接上文。故選E項。
3．D　解析：空前一句“Learn how to be resourceful.”中的“resourceful”和D項中的“Resourcefulness”相呼應。故選D項。
4．F　解析：根據該段的主題句“Don’t listen to feedback(反饋) and keep following your own path.”并結合空前一句“Others will unconsciously push you in a direction that they see as the best.”可知，其他人的反饋意圖是好的，但會傷害你的創(chuàng)造力。故選F項。
5．B　解析：根據文章的結構和空處所在的位置可知，空處為該段的主題句。本段主要講的是有一個固定的程序實際上不是一個壞主意。故選B項。
Ⅲ.語法填空
(2020·新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)適應性檢測)People use the word “friend” in a 1.____________(various) of ways. A friend can mean anything from an acquaintance(泛泛之交) to someone you’ve known. Whoever they are, friends are an important part of life at every stage.
For some people, making friends is easy. For others, it can be 2.____________ struggle. It’s easy for people who know how to connect with others. But you don’t need to be clever or 3.____________(charm) to make friends. People who make friends easily know how to be 4.____________(they). There’s an old saying：“A friend is someone who knows you well—and 5.____________(like) you anyway.”
There are three simple things you can do to make friends. First, you have to like yourself. Make a list of your 6.____________(strong), talents and achievements. That way, when you meet new people, you’ll know 7.____________you have to share. Next, learn how to listen. To succeed in friendships, you need to show an interest 8.____________ others. Ask questions about other people. Finally, it’s a good idea 9.____________(join) a club or take a class. That way, you can meet people who have similar interests. Good friends 10.____________(usual) like the same things.
【解題導語】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了交朋友的三個簡單步驟。
1．variety　解析：考查固定搭配。句意：人們用各種各樣的方式使用“朋友”這個詞。根據句意可知，此處考查固定搭配a variety of，意為“各種各樣的”。
2．a　解析：考查冠詞。句意：對其他人來說，它可能是一種掙扎。此處struggle為可數名詞，表示“掙扎”，且struggle的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，所以用冠詞a。
3．charming　解析：考查詞形轉換。根據空前的“clever or”并結合句意可知，此處應用形容詞。
4．themselves　解析：考查代詞。句意：交朋友的人很容易明白如何做自己。根據句意和主語People可知，此處應用themselves。
5．likes　解析：考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。此處是對一般情況的描述，應用一般現在時，且此處和knows并列作謂語，故填likes。
6．strengths　解析：考查名詞。根據后面的“talents and achievements”并結合句意可知，此處應用名詞，且strength作“優(yōu)點”講時為可數名詞，所以用strengths。
7．what　解析：考查賓語從句。分析句子結構可知，空處引導賓語從句，在從句中作賓語，表示“……的事物”，故用what引導該賓語從句。
8．in　解析：考查介詞。此處表示你需要對他人表現出興趣。show an interest in...意為“對……表現出興趣”，為固定用法。
9．to join　解析：考查動詞不定式。分析句子結構可知，此處是it作形式主語，動詞不定式作真正的主語，故填to join。
10．usually　解析：考查副詞。句意：好朋友通常喜歡相同的東西。空處修飾空后的動詞like，故用副詞usually。