2021屆高考英語人教版一輪創(chuàng)新教學(xué)案：第1編Book4Unit2　Workingtheland-學(xué)案下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

1．As for my childhood, I only remember growing wheat with Father, gaining a good harvest that year.
至于我的童年，我只記得那年和父親一起去種植小麥，后來獲得了大豐收。
2．Only when we combine the traditional agriculture with modern technology can we ensure a better life for people.
我們只有把傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)相結(jié)合，才能確保人們過上更好的生活。
3．It was picking the wild fruit on the hill that I realized the farmers were leading a hard life.
正是在山上采摘野果的經(jīng)歷，使我認(rèn)識到農(nóng)民生活的不易。
4．Thanks to this activity in the countryside, we had a better understanding of farmers' life.
多虧了這次在鄉(xiāng)下的活動，我們對農(nóng)民的生活才有了更好的了解。

自主排查夯基固本

Ⅰ　核心單詞
(1)struggle (vi.& n．) 斗爭；拼搏；努力
(2)expand (vt.& vi.) 使變大；伸展→expansion (n.) 擴(kuò)張；擴(kuò)展
(3)rid (vt.) 擺脫；除去→rid (過去式/過去分詞)
(4)therefore (adv.) 因此；所以；因而
(5)export (vt.& vi.) 輸出；出口→import (vt.& vi.) 輸入；進(jìn)口
(6)regret (vt.) 遺憾；惋惜 (n.) 遺憾；懊悔→regretted (過去式/過去分詞)→regretful (adj.) 后悔的；失望的；遺憾的
(7)focus (n.) 焦點；中心點 (vt.) 集中；聚焦
(8)reduce (vt.) 減少；減縮→reduction (n.) 減少；縮小
(9)comment (n.) 評論；議論 (vi.& vt.) 表達(dá)意見；作出評論
Ⅱ　閱讀單詞
(1)decade (n.) 十年；十年期
(2)super (adj.) 特級的；超級的
(3)output (n.) 產(chǎn)量；輸出
(4)hunger (n.) 饑餓；欲望 (vt.& vi.) (使)饑餓
(5)disturbing (adj.) 引起煩惱的；令人不安的
(6)circulate (vt.& vi.) 循環(huán)；流傳
(7)battle (n.) 戰(zhàn)役；戰(zhàn)斗；較量；斗爭 (vt.& vi.) 搏斗；奮斗
(8)freedom (n.) 自由；自主
(9)equip (vt.& vi.) 配備；裝備
(10)occupation (n.) 工作；職業(yè)；占領(lǐng)
(11)confuse (vt.) 使迷惑；使為難
(12)discovery (n.) 發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺
(13)summary (n.) 總結(jié)；摘要；概要

　[單句語法填空]
1.The children are always ________ (hunger) when they get home from school.
答案：hungry
2．They said the earthquake could lead to a ________ (reduce) in steel exports from Japan.
答案：reduction
3．His recent ________ (discover) have added to his reputation in the field of science.
答案：discoveries
4．The people who want to improve their lives are left ________ (confuse) by all of the conflicting information.
答案：confused
5．The high cost of ________ (equip) prohibits many people from taking up this sport.
答案：equipment
6．They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people ________ (focus), and lead to relaxation.
答案：focused

7．Dina, ________ (struggle) for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
答案：having struggled
8．It's ________ (disturb) that I can't get along well with my new neighbor.
答案：disturbing
9．Have you ever regretted ________ (do) something you shouldn't have done?
答案：having done/doing
10．Please state your name, age, gender and ________ (occupy) below.
答案：occupation

聯(lián)想積累
1．動詞“擴(kuò)展；擴(kuò)大”薈萃
①expand 擴(kuò)展；擴(kuò)張；膨脹　?、趀nlarge 擴(kuò)大；放大
③spread 擴(kuò)展；蔓延；傳播 ④extend 延伸；擴(kuò)大
⑤broaden 使……變寬；擴(kuò)展
⑥widen 加寬；使張開，使擴(kuò)大
2．“因此”家族
①therefore adv. 因此；所以
②so conj. 因此；所以
③thus adv. 因此；于是
④consequently adv. 所以；因此
⑤as a result 結(jié)果；因此
⑥hence adv. 因此；所以

1．thanks_to 幸虧；由于；因為
2．rid ... of 使……擺脫或除去
3．be_satisfied_with 對……感到滿意
4．would_rather 寧愿；寧可
5．build_up 逐漸增強(qiáng)；建立；開發(fā)
6．lead to 導(dǎo)致；造成(后果)
7．focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于
8．be rich in 盛產(chǎn)；富于
9．keep ... free from/of 使……免受(影響；傷害等)；使……不含(有害物)
　[選詞填空]
rid ... of, be satisfied with, focus on, keep ... free of/from, lead to, build up
1．Nowadays everyone is responsible for ________ a harmonious society in China.
答案：building up
2．We have every reason to believe that progress in new technology will ________ a more wonderful life.
答案：lead to
3．A balanced diet and moderate exercise will ________ you ________ cold.
答案：keep; free of/from
4．________ what makes you happy about your job, not miserable.
答案：Focus on
5．The teacher ________ what the students had done.
答案：was satisfied with
6．She's trying to ________ herself ________ the dependence on drugs.
答案：rid; of

聯(lián)想積累
1．“be＋adj.＋with”高頻短語集錦
①be satisfied with 對……感到滿意
②be familiar with 對……熟悉
③be popular with 受……歡迎
④be pleased with 對……感到滿意
⑤be busy with 忙于……
⑥be strict with 對……嚴(yán)格要求
⑦be content with 對……感到滿意
⑧be bored with 對……感到厭煩
⑨be patient with 對……有耐心
2．表示“集中注意力”的短語
①focus on　　　　　?、赽e absorbed in
③pay attention to ④concentrate on

課文原句
句式梳理
仿寫訓(xùn)練
If so, what did you do to grow them？
如果這樣的話，你怎樣來種植這些植物？
if so是省略句，意為“如果這樣的話”。if not “如果不是這樣”；if any “如果有的話”；if possible “如果可能的話”。
When traveling, don't forget to take some photos and upload them by WeChat. ________， I will give them thumbs-up.
旅游時別忘記拍照并用微信上傳。這樣的話，我會給這些照片點贊。

答案：If so

直擊重點突破考點

①struggle　vi.& n. 斗爭；拼搏；努力(P10)

(1)單句語法填空
①Some farmers have to leave their hometown and go to work in cities, ________ (struggle)to increase their incomes.
②For decades, they have been struggling ________ (search) for ways to increase rice harvests, but without success.
③James was hit in the mouth as he struggled ________ the burglars.
答案：①struggling?、趖o search?、踳ith
(2)單句改錯
He struggled on his feet and went away without saying a word.
_________________________________________________________________
答案：on→to

struggle for 為……而奮斗
struggle against 與……斗爭；為反對……而斗爭
struggle with 與……斗爭；與……并肩作戰(zhàn)
struggle to one's feet 掙扎著站起來
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
②equip　vt.& vi. 配備；裝備(P10)

(1)單句語法填空
①They spent a lot of money equipping the school ________ new computers.
②If it were not for the modern ________ (equip), such experiments would not be performed.
答案：①with?、趀quipment
(2)單句寫作
The goal of the course is ________________ the skills necessary for a job in this technological age.
本課程旨在使人們獲得在這個技術(shù)時代必備的工作技能。
答案：to equip people with

(1)equip sb./sth. with sth. 給……配備……
be equipped with ... 裝備/配備……
equip sb. for sth./to do sth. 使有所準(zhǔn)備；使有能力
be well/poorly equipped 裝備精良的/差的
(2)equipment n. [U]裝備；設(shè)備
a piece of equipment 一件設(shè)備

③regret　vt. 惋惜；遺憾　n. 遺憾；懊悔(P13)

(1)單句語法填空
①We regret ________ (inform) you that your application has not been successful.
②At first I regretted ________ (invite) them to stay, but we soon became great friends.
③Since then, I have encouraged myself to speak out so that I wouldn't look back ________ regret.
答案：①to inform?、趇nviting?、踳ith
(2)單句寫作
We think, ____________________， that we will not be able to visit Mogao Caves at Dunhuang with you next year.
我們覺得，明年可能沒法和你們一起去游覽敦煌莫高窟了，真是遺憾。
答案：much to our regret

(1)regret to do sth. 很遺憾做某事
regret to inform/say/tell ... 很遺憾地通知/說/告訴……
regret doing sth. 遺憾/后悔做過某事
(2)have no regrets 沒有遺憾
with great regret 非常遺憾
to one's regret 令某人抱歉/遺憾的是
(3)regrettable adj. 令人遺憾的，令人惋惜的

④focus　vt. 集中；聚焦　n. 焦點；中心點(P14)

(1)單句語法填空
With his attention ________ (focus) on his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him.
答案：focused
(2)單句寫作
①The best goals are clear in number and specific ____________.
最好的目標(biāo)既要數(shù)目明確又要清晰具體。
②________ the object ____________ if you want a sharp picture.
如果想拍一張清晰的照片，就把物體對準(zhǔn)在焦點上。
答案：①in focus?、贐ring; into focus

(1)focus on/upon ... 集中(注意力、精力等)于……
(2)bring ... into focus 使……成為焦點
in focus 對準(zhǔn)焦點；清晰
out of focus 沒對準(zhǔn)焦點；不清晰

⑤reduce　vt. 減少；減縮(P14)

(1)單句語法填空
①The method of ________ (reduce) the teaching cost has been discussed at the meeting.
②He ________ (reduce) to despair when he heard the news.
③Don't expect us to make such a large ________ (reduce)．
答案：①reducing?、趙as reduced?、踨eduction
(2)單句改錯
①He weighed 75 kilos last month, and now his weight has been reduced to 10 kilos.
______________________________________________________________
②During the famine, many people were reduced to eat grass and leaves.
__________________________________________________________________
答案：①to→by?、趀at→eating

(1)reduce to ... 降至……
reduce by ... 減少了……
be reduced to ... 淪落為……(to為介詞)
be reduced to despair 陷入絕望
reduce weight/speed 減肥/減速
reduce sth. to ashes 把某物(尤指建筑物)化為灰燼
(2)reduced adj. 減少的；簡化的
reduction n. 降低；減小

①rid ... of使……擺脫或除去(P10)

單句寫作
①Maybe we should __________________ modern technology and return to simpler times.
也許我們應(yīng)該擺脫現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，回歸到更為簡單的時代。
②There are some habits that we can ______________ very easily.
有一些習(xí)慣是很容易擺脫掉的。
答案：①rid ourselves of?、趃et rid of

(1)rid sb./sth. of ... 使某人/某物擺脫……
rid oneself of sth. (fears/debts) 使某人自己擺脫/克服某物(恐懼/債務(wù))
(2)get rid of 擺脫掉；除掉；處理掉

②be satisfied with 對……感到滿意(P10)

(1)單句語法填空
①The policeman put down the phone, ________ (satisfy) with a smile on his face.
②We asked all of our customers if they were satisfied ________ the service they had received.
③The manager says that the report you submitted to him is very ________ (satisfy)．
答案：①satisfied?、趙ith　③satisfactory/satisfying
(2)單句寫作
①Seeing the rows of trees planted by us, we had ________________.
看到自己種植的一排排的樹木，我們內(nèi)心產(chǎn)生一種滿足感。
②She looked at the finished painting ____________.
她滿意地看著完成的畫作。
答案：①a sense of satisfaction　②with satisfaction

satisfy one's needs/curiosity 滿足某人的需要/好奇心
to sb.'s satisfaction 使某人滿意的是
gain/get satisfaction from ... 從……中得到滿足
be satisfied with 對……表示滿足或滿意
with satisfaction 滿意地

③lead to 導(dǎo)致；造成(后果)(P14)

單句寫作
①It was the careful observation of people's everyday life that ____________ the existence of the shared bikes.
正是對人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹募?xì)心觀察才導(dǎo)致了共享單車的產(chǎn)生。
②Every person hopes that he or she will ______________ in the future.
人人都期盼未來過著幸福的生活。
③Eating too much sugar can ________ health problems.
食用太多的糖會引起健康問題。
答案：①led to?、趌ead a happy life　③lead to

lead sb. to do sth. 使/促使某人做某事
lead a ... life 過……的生活
lead to sth. 導(dǎo)致，造成
lead the way 帶路；引路
lead sb. (to sth.) 使得出(觀點)；引導(dǎo)(某人)

①[教材原句]He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. (P10)
他寧愿把時間花在自己的愛好上。

(1)單句語法填空
①I would rather ________ (solve) my problems alone, whatever they may be.
②Alice is a quiet girl, who prefers ________ (stay) in the library rather than go to see a movie.
答案：①solve?、趖o stay
(2)單句寫作
①I ____________ tell him about it myself ________ let him find it out from other people.
我寧肯自己把事情告訴他，也不愿他從旁人處得知這件事。
②He'd rather he ____________ “Jixiang”， meaning being lucky and happy.
他寧愿自己被取名為“吉祥”，代表著“吉祥如意”。
答案：①would rather; than　②had been named

(1)
(2)

②[教材原句]Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer.(P14)
因此，使用有機(jī)耕作的農(nóng)民通常更喜歡使用天然的動物糞便作肥料。

(1)單句語法填空
①The teacher suggested ________ (do) it in a different way.
②My daughter was badly hurt in the accident. I really regretted not ________ (pick) her up from school yesterday.
③He escaped ________ (kill) when the office collapsed because he had not gone to work.
答案：①doing?、趐icking?、踒eing killed
(2)單句改錯
①Listen to that piece of music always makes her feel happy.
_________________________________________________________________
②If the TV needs repaired, please let me know as soon as possible.
_________________________________________________________________
答案：①Listen→Listening?、趓epaired→repairing/to be repaired

(1)句中using natural waste ... 是動名詞短語作動詞prefer的賓語。
(2)動詞-ing形式作賓語
①作動詞的賓語
常接動詞-ing形式作賓語的動詞有avoid, miss, advise, finish, practise, enjoy, escape, risk, mind, stand, imagine等。
②英語中有一些動詞短語或形容詞短語也常跟動詞-ing形式作賓語。常見的有insist on, object to, be good at, be fond of, lead to, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, devote oneself to, get used to, pay attention to等。
③有些動詞或詞組后既可跟動詞-ing形式作賓語，又可跟不定式作賓語，但意思有差異。
stop/mean/try/remember/forget/regret
④當(dāng)句子的主語為表示物的名詞時，下列動詞可接動詞-ing形式的主動形式表示被動意義，相當(dāng)于不定式的被動形式。
need/want/require doing＝need/want/require to be
done
(3)動詞-ing形式作主語往往表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。

課文回練升華運用
Yuan Longping was born in 1930. __1__ he graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953, he has devoted his life to __2__ (find) ways to grow more and more rice. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. At that time, hunger was __3__ serious problem in many parts of the countryside. Yuan Longping searched __4__ a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. In 1950, Chinese __5__ (farmer) could produce about fifty-six million tons of rice. In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred million tons of rice __6__ (produce). These __7__ (increase) harvests mean __8__ 22% of the world's people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in the world. Yuan Longping is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other __9__ (little) developed countries to increase their rice harvests. Thanks to his research, the UN __10__ (have) more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
答案：1.Since　2.finding　3.a　4.for　5.farmers　6.was produced　7.increased　8.that　9.less　10.has

基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo) 自主訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1．________ (determine) where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.
答案：Determining　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，應(yīng)用動名詞短語作主語，即本句中Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings作主語，remains是謂語動詞。
2．The ________ (produce) of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business.
答案：production　由設(shè)空前的“the”和后面的“of”可知，應(yīng)填所給詞的名詞形式。production “生產(chǎn)；制造”。
3．Nowadays, children have more ________ (free); they can do whatever they like.
答案：freedom　freedom，名詞，意為“自由”，在本句中作賓語。
4．Cats can help rid the home ________ mice.
答案：of　rid ... of “使……擺脫或除去……”。
5．A heavy fire reduced 90 percent of the houses ________ ashes.
答案：to　reduce sth. to ashes“使某物化為灰燼”。
6．I bitterly ________ (regret) that I had missed the wonderful film.
答案：regretted　所填詞由bitterly(副詞)修飾，且由從句中had missed可知，此處動詞應(yīng)用其過去式。
7．It is ________ (disturb) to think about so much work to do.
答案：disturbing　disturbing “令人不安的”，在句中作表語。
8．The discovery of new evidence led to the thief's ________ (catch)．
答案：being caught　本句中，lead to后接名詞或動名詞(短語)，且the thief和catch之間存在被動關(guān)系，故填being caught，即動名詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)，作lead to的賓語。
9．I am not ________ (satisfy) with the way he cut my hair.
答案：satisfied　be satisfied with ... 為固定短語，意為“對……感到滿意”。
10．Though he is young, he is struggling ________ (support) a large family.
答案：to support　struggle to do sth. “努力做某事”。
Ⅱ.單句寫作
1．As the saying goes, “Hard work ________________ (導(dǎo)致) success.”
答案：leads to
2．The teachers were ________________ (滿意) what we had done in the Culture Festival.
答案：satisfied with
3．__________________， he made great progress in learning Chinese.
專注于閱讀，他在學(xué)習(xí)中文方面取得了很大進(jìn)步。
答案：Focused on reading
4．_______________________________________________________________
通過這次活動，我們不僅學(xué)到了更多知識，而且開闊了視野。(equip ... with ... )
答案：Through this activity, not only were we equipped with more knowledge, but we also broadened our horizons.
5．_____________________________________________________________
由于這次體驗，我們不僅提高了口語，而且對傳統(tǒng)文化有了更好的了解。
答案：Thanks to the experience, not only have we improved our speaking skills, but we've also got a better understanding of our traditional culture.
Ⅲ.語法填空
(2019·陜西省部分學(xué)校摸底檢測)Many of my friends like fall and take it as their favorite season. Last weekend, I went outdoors and soon __1__ (find) a deeper appreciation for this season.
The change of leaf colors is a common reason given __2__ the love of fall. Each tree reacts __3__ (different) to the change of the season. Some shed their leaves in hopes of reproducing; however, other __4__ (tree) remain green for as long as possible to gain additional energy from the sun to survive the winter. This effect __5__ (call) the flight-or-fight response.
Fall is a time of __6__ (reflect) and preparation for the year ahead. I have found a meaning of fall for me. I'm __7__ 18-year-old boy in the final year of high school and my life is a work in progress. There are times I want to give up, but then I look around me and realize life keeps __8__ (move). The natural cycle of life is beautiful and doesn't stop growing so I have to learn to keep up.
The meaning of fall is different for each person. I encourage you __9__ (go) out to follow some path or sidewalk and discover __10__ fall means to you.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。作者喜歡秋天這個季節(jié)，它是作者反思和準(zhǔn)備未來的時刻，讓作者保持前進(jìn)。
1．found　考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)該句中的“Last weekend”和and前面的“went”可知，此處敘述發(fā)生在過去的事，故填found。
2．for　考查介詞。根據(jù)語境并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用固定搭配the reason for ... “……的原因”，故填介詞for。
3．differently　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用副詞修飾動詞reacts，故填differently。
4．trees　考查名詞。根據(jù)語境并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處other修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)，且謂語動詞為復(fù)數(shù)，故填trees。
5．is called　考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)語境并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主語“This effect”和“call”是被動關(guān)系，且此處描述的是一種客觀情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，故填is called。
6．reflection　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。of是介詞，后面接名詞、代詞或者動名詞作賓語；再結(jié)合空格后的“preparation”可知，此處應(yīng)填reflection。
7．a(chǎn)n　考查冠詞。此處泛指一個18歲的男孩，且所修飾單詞的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，故填不定冠詞an。
8．moving　考查非謂語動詞。keep doing sth.意為“一直做某事，繼續(xù)做某事”，為固定用法，故填moving。
9．to go　考查非謂語動詞。encourage sb. to do sth. 意為“鼓勵某人做某事”，為固定用法，故填to go。
10．what　考查賓語從句的連接詞。根據(jù)語境且分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，且在從句中作賓語，表示“什么”，故填what。
Ⅳ.短文改錯
Mistakes are unavoidable in life. But attitudes towards it may make a difference.
I still remember how my spoken English was improved. In a beginning, I always kept silent in our oral class to avoid make mistakes. Before long my teacher got to know about my situation. He encouraged me to speak out that I thought. Whenever I made mistakes and felt discouraging, my teacher and my classmates would help me figure out how I must avoid them. I also joined in an English club to get more chances to speak. Practice made perfect. Now I can talk fluent in English.
Just as the saying goes, “Every bean has its black.” Don't afraid of making mistakes. Learn from mistakes, and success is just waiting for us.
答案：
Mistakes are unavoidable in life. But attitudes towards may make a difference.
I still remember how my spoken English was improved. In beginning, I always kept silent in our oral class to avoid mistakes. Before long my teacher got to know about my situation. He encouraged me to speak out I thought. Whenever I made mistakes and felt ， my teacher and my classmates would help me figure out how I avoid them. I also joined an English club to get more chances to speak. Practice perfect. Now I can talk in English.
Just as the saying goes, “Every bean has its black.” Don't afraid of making mistakes. Learn from mistakes, and success is just waiting for us.
難項分析：
第四處：that→what　考查賓語從句的連接詞。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句，what既作賓語從句的連接詞，也作從句中及物動詞thought的賓語，而that在賓語從句中不作成分，故將that改為what。
第六處：must→could　考查情態(tài)動詞。根據(jù)語境可知，該句表示“幫我弄明白怎樣才能避免這些錯誤”，作者回顧提高英語口語的過程，是過去發(fā)生的行為，故用could do sth.。
第十處：Don't后加be　考查祈使句。本句是祈使句的否定形式，句式結(jié)構(gòu)為Don't do sth.，即Don't后要接動詞原形，故要加be。

課時作業(yè)
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2020·河南省南陽一中高三第三次月考)“What's all this tree－planting for？” I was asked when I began writing about __1__ a piece of land I had bought in Somerset. The truth is, I just love trees. And I am not __2__ “As I get older, all I really __3__ is to plant trees，” Prince Charles says in a BBC documentary in which he is __4__ in the wood he planted on the day Prince George was born.
There are __5__ and wonderful trees in our cities and villages. They were planted, or self-sown, years, even centuries ago. We take them for granted, __6__ the creatures living among them, remain in ignorance of the __7__ trees are doing us (cleaning the air, for instance) and cut them down for new __8__. Yet we keep a feeling of __9__ for them. This may account for the __10__ the government faced in 2010 when it sought to sell off publicly owned woods, and for the wide support that the Woodland Trust (a tree-protecting charity) __11__.
Trees need __12__， which is why I, a city-resident, bought my Somerset woodland in 1999. At that time, climate change was already well proved, __13__ my hopes of planting long-lived oaks and pines gradually developed into anxiety about their __14__. Tree diseases new to the UK, wind, drought and flood were all __15__ against them.
But I did not __16__ things to move so fast. The woodland is still good, the new trees are growing like mad, but the creatures are __17__. The rabbits have disappeared and the owl has moved. The bees and butterflies are __18__ there but in smaller numbers. How can this happen on land __19__ pesticides (殺蟲劑)? Surely, it indicates we need to give nature the chance to restore its own __20__. Meanwhile, I love my wood, and so do many of its visitors. And tree-planting has done wonders for restoring my balance town and country.
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章介紹了樹木給人帶來的好處以及提出了自然界的平衡需要維系的觀點。
1．A.replacing B．restoring
C．recycling D．returning
答案：B　replace “替代”；restore “恢復(fù)”；recycle “回收利用”；return “歸還”。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三句中的“restore”并結(jié)合選項和句意可知，此處指作者修復(fù)(restore)那片在薩默塞特購買的土地。故選B。
2．A.rich B．weak
C．a(chǎn)lone D．social
答案：C　根據(jù)下文引用了Prince Charles的話——“我開始變老，我所想的就是種樹”，可見他與作者有相同的觀點，因而作者說自己not alone。故選C。
3．A.apply for B．wait for
C．make for D．long for
答案：D　apply for “申請”；wait for “等待”；make for “有助于”；long for “渴望”。結(jié)合語境及選項意思可知，此處表示唯一渴望的就是種樹。故選D。
4．A.filmed B．tracked
C．reflected D．discovered
答案：A　film “拍攝”；track “追蹤”；reflect “反射”；discover “發(fā)現(xiàn)”。根據(jù) documentary(紀(jì)錄片)可知，此處指BBC紀(jì)錄片的拍攝。故選A。
5．A.holy B．young
C．mature D．mysterious
答案：C　holy “神圣的”；young “年輕的”；mature “成熟的”；mysterious “神秘的”。根據(jù)下文提到這些樹生長在幾年以前甚至幾個世紀(jì)前，因而推測出這些樹是成熟的(mature)。故選C。
6．A.raise B．watch
C．ignore D．a(chǎn)buse
答案：C　raise “上升”；watch “看”；ignore “忽略”；abuse “濫用”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此處動詞并列使用，意思相近，再結(jié)合句意“我們認(rèn)為這些樹是理所當(dāng)然的……生活在其中的其他生物，忽視了樹給我們帶來的凈化空氣等好處……”可知，這里選擇ignore。故選C。
7．A.honor B．good
C．credit D．justice
答案：B　honor “榮譽”；good “好處”；credit “信用”；justice “正義”。根據(jù)“clean the air” (凈化空氣)的舉例可知，這里是表述樹木的好處。故選B。
8．A.use B．spirit
C．life D．hope
答案：A　結(jié)合語境可知，人們忽視樹木的好處，為了新的用途(use)而砍樹。故選A。
9．A.trust B．sadness
C．betrayal D．a(chǎn)ffection
答案：D　trust “信任”；sadness “悲傷”；betrayal “背叛”；affection “喜愛”。根據(jù)yet表示轉(zhuǎn)折，上文寫我們忽視了樹木給我們帶來的好處，砍伐它們，然而我們內(nèi)心對樹木還是有喜愛之情的。故選D。
10．A.approval B．opposition
C．option D．dilemma
答案：B　approval “支持”；opposition “反對”；option “選擇”；dilemma “困境”。上文提到對樹木的喜愛，這里應(yīng)該是反對政府賣樹。故選B。
11．A.wins B．rejects
C．requires D．withdraws
答案：A　win “贏”；reject “拒絕”；require “要求”；withdraw “撤退”。因為獲得了wide support所以Woodland Trust (樹木保護(hù)組織)贏了。故選A。
12．A.space B．time
C．company D．nutrition
答案：A　space “空間”；time “時間”；company “公司”；nutrition “營養(yǎng)”。作者在1999年買下薩默塞特林地是因為樹木生長需要空間(space)。故選A。
13．A.since B．for
C．yet D．so
答案：D　since “自從”；for “因為”；yet “但是”；so “因此”。句意：氣候變化已經(jīng)得到了很好的證明，所以我種植長壽的橡樹和松樹的希望逐漸變成了焦慮。前后表示因果關(guān)系。故選D。
14．A.benefits B．chances
C．location D．a(chǎn)ppearance
答案：B　benefit “益處”；chance “機(jī)會”；location “位置”；appearance “外表”。由于氣候的變化以及下一句提到的各種災(zāi)害，作者想種一些壽命長的橡樹、松樹的愿望逐漸變成了對它們是否有生長機(jī)會的憂慮。故選B。
15．A.piling up B．speeding up
C．keeping up D．mixing up
答案：A　pile up “堆積”；speed up “加速”；keep up “保持”；mix up “混合”?？耧L(fēng)、干旱、洪水共同聚集來阻礙樹木生長。故選A。
16．A.wish B．intend
C．a(chǎn)llow D．expect
答案：D　expect “期待；預(yù)料”。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，林地發(fā)展之快是作者意料之外的事。故選D。
17．A.in place B．in order
C．in decline D．in question
答案：C　in place “適當(dāng)?shù)摹?；in order “整齊”；in decline “下降”；in question “考慮中的”。上文提到樹木在瘋長，由but轉(zhuǎn)折可知生物的數(shù)量應(yīng)該在減少(in decline)。故選C。
18．A.even B．still
C．ever D．once
答案：B　根據(jù)but轉(zhuǎn)折可知，蜜蜂和蝴蝶只有很少的數(shù)量，但仍然有。故選B。
19．A.short of B．sick of
C．free of D．full of
答案：C　short of “缺乏”；sick of “厭惡”；free of “擺脫”；full of “充滿”。句意：我們?nèi)绾巫屵@片土地上的生物擺脫殺蟲劑呢？故選C。
20．A.glory B．function
C．impact D．balance
答案：D　glory “榮譽”；function “功能”；impact “影響”；balance “平衡”。根據(jù)最后一句提到restoring my balance可知，我們要給自然機(jī)會去維持自身的平衡。故選D。
Ⅱ.閱讀理解

(2020·貴陽市普通高中高三年級摸底考試)
Alabama: Priester's Pecans
Dessert in the South basically starts and ends with a gooey pecan pie, especially in Alabama, where the pecan is the official state nut. While there are plenty of farms that pick and package pecans, perhaps the most famous is Priester's, a family－run business that has been supplying Alabama with its favorite nuts for over seven decades.
Alaska: Salmon Jerky
Forget beef jerky (肉干)—in Alaska, it's all about the salmon jerky. Home to five different species of the flavorful fish (king, red, pink, silver, and chum), the northernmost state produces nearly one－third of the wild salmon consumed around the world. Bonus: Salmon is one of the seven healthiest fish you can eat.
Arizona: Saguaro Cactuses
As the largest cactus (仙人掌) in the United States, the saguaro cactus is found only in Arizona's Sonoran Desert. Living to be up to 200 years old, the cactuses, whose flower is also the state's flower, are generally around 30 feet tall and can grow unlimited arms. Want to see for yourself? Visit one of these 10 outstanding deserts in America.
California: The Wine Guide
It isn't called the “Wine Country” for no reason. Northern California, specifically Napa Valley and Sonoma Valley, produces over 60,000 registered wine labels, making vino the state's most valuable agricultural product. If you're looking for the most popular varietals (品種葡萄酒), the top two frequently planted grapes are Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon.
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了美國四個州的特產(chǎn)，包括阿拉巴馬州的Priester農(nóng)場的山核桃，阿拉斯加州的鮭魚干和亞利桑那州的巨柱仙人掌以及加利福尼亞州的葡萄酒。
1．How long has the Priester's farm lasted?
A．Over 7 years. B．Over 30 years.
C．Over 70 years. D．Over 200 years.
答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段尾句中的“Priester's, a family－run business ... for over seven decades”可知，Priester農(nóng)場有70多年的歷史，故C項正確。
2．Which state is famous for salmon?
A．Alaska. B．Arizona.
C．Alabama. D．California.
答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“salmon”定位至Alaska: Salmon Jerky部分，根據(jù)該部分前兩句可知，阿拉斯加州以鮭魚而聞名，故A項正確。
3．Where does the text probably come from?
A．A library guide. B．A news report.
C．A project handbook. D．A travel guide.
答案：D　推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了美國四個州的特產(chǎn)。據(jù)此可推知，本文最可能摘自旅游手冊，故D項正確。

(2020·遼寧省五校協(xié)作體高三上學(xué)期聯(lián)合模擬考試)In a long－sleeved shirt and jeans, Dieudonne Twahirwa looks nothing like the traditional African farmer. The 30－year－old owner of Gashora Farm knows what a difference that makes.
“You need more role models，” he said, standing among knee－h(huán)igh rows of chilli (辣椒) plants. “If you have young farmers, they have land and they drive to the farm, others may think, ‘Why can't I do that？’”
Mr Twahirwa, a university graduate, bought a friend's tomato farm six years ago for $150. He made $1,500 back in two months. “You have to link farming with entrepreneurship and real numbers，” he said.
Many young Africans are abandoning areas in the countryside, choosing not to work hard and for a long time in the fields—a job made tougher by climate change.
But Twahirwa is one of the growing band of successful farmers working to make agriculture's image on the continent more attractive. Some 1,000 farmers now produce chillies for him. He is starting a fourth farm of his own, and exports fresh and dried chillies and oil to Britain, the United States, India, and Kenya.
Africa has the world's youngest population and 65 percent of its uncultivated arable land (耕地后備資源). Yet accessing land and loans is difficult, and African productivity is low with crop yields just 56 percent of the international average.
“Agriculture is mainly associated with suffering and no young person wants to suffer，” said Tamara Kaunda. She believes African agriculture needs a change to get rid of its old－fashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe. “Show young people tractors, green fields, nice irrigation systems and smartphones，” she said.
Getting young people involved in agriculture does not mean they have to work on a farm. For example, in coffee production, the beans go from the farm to the washing station, then to be separated from the husks (外殼)．
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。非洲有世界上最年輕的人群與大量的耕地后備資源，但是由于氣候與農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)的落后，很多年輕人都不愿意從事農(nóng)業(yè)。Dieudonne Twahirwa則為非洲青年樹立了榜樣。
4．What does “Why can't I do that？” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Why can't I drive to the farm?
B．Why can't they farm?
C．They follow the example of those farmers.
D．They bought a friend's tomato farm.
答案：C　句意理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“If you have young farmers, they have land and they drive to the farm, others may think, ‘Why can't I do that？’”可知，此處表示如果你有年輕的農(nóng)民，他們有土地，而且開車去農(nóng)場，其他人可能會想，為什么“我”不能那樣做？該句意在表明其他人認(rèn)為他們可以效仿這些農(nóng)民的做法。故選C。
5．What makes it harder for farmers to work?
A．Poor land. B．Climate.
C．Low income. D．Long working hours.
答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“a job made tougher by climate change”可知，在非洲，讓農(nóng)民的勞動難度更大的原因在于氣候變化。故選B。
6．What can we learn about Twahirwa according to Paragraph 5?
A．He made a fortune by growing chillies.
B．His chillies are superb in the world.
C．Farmers working for him live a simple life.
D．The locals aren't willing to buy his chillies.
答案：A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Some 1,000 farmers now produce chillies for him. He is starting a fourth farm of his own”可推知，Twahirwa通過種植紅辣椒賺了很多錢。故選A。
7．When it comes to agriculture in Africa, what do people think about it?
A．Loans are difficult.
B．Most land is uncultivated.
C．Crop yields are rather low.
D．Farming methods are out of date.
答案：D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“African agriculture needs a change to get rid of its old－fashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe”可知，非洲農(nóng)業(yè)需要改變，以擺脫其傳統(tǒng)的形象：使用鋤頭的非常辛苦和累人的工作。由此可推知，當(dāng)談及非洲的農(nóng)業(yè)時，人們想到的是落后的耕作方法。故選D。
Ⅲ.短文改錯
Last summer, I got a part-time job as a waiter. I worked hard and very helpful. Everyone in a restaurant including some regular customer liked me. One day, a foreign couple in their fifties entered into the restaurant. I was happy to have a chance to practice their spoken English. I went up to greet them warm. After I took their order, I told them their food will be served quickly because we Chinese respect the elderly. After heard my words, a look of displeasure appeared on the wife's face. Seeing my confusing look, her husband explained to me the Westerners disliked the description “old”. I apologized to them but realized the importance of knowing cultural differences.
答案：
Last summer, I got a part-time job as a waiter. I worked hard and very helpful. Everyone in restaurant including some regular liked me. One day, a foreign couple in their fifties entered the restaurant. I was happy to have a chance to practice spoken English. I went up to greet them . After I took their order, I told them their food be served quickly because we Chinese respect the elderly. After my words, a look of displeasure appeared on the wife's face. Seeing my look, her husband explained to me the Westerners disliked the description “old”. I apologized to them realized the importance of knowing cultural differences.
1．very前加was　考查謂語動詞。helpful “有幫助的”，and連接兩個并列的謂語，根據(jù)and前的worked可知，應(yīng)在very前加was。
2．a(chǎn)→the　考查冠詞。前面提到自己做服務(wù)員，所以restaurant特指自己工作的那家餐館，其前應(yīng)用定冠詞the。故將a改為the。
3．customer→customers　考查名詞。customer “顧客”，為可數(shù)名詞，其前有some修飾，因此應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故將customer改為customers。
4．去掉into　考查動詞的用法。enter意為“進(jìn)入”時為及物動詞，不與into連用。故將into去掉。
5．their→my　考查代詞。主語是I，此處指“我很高興有機(jī)會練習(xí)一下我的英語口語”。故將their改為my。
6．warm→warmly　考查副詞。修飾動詞greet應(yīng)用副詞。故將warm改為warmly。
7．will→would　考查情態(tài)動詞。根據(jù)主句謂語動詞told可知，從句應(yīng)用一般過去時。故將will改為would。
8．heard→hearing　考查非謂語動詞。after為介詞，其后應(yīng)接名詞、代詞、動名詞作賓語。故將heard改為hearing。
9．confusing→confused　考查形容詞。此處描述作者臉上“困惑的表情”，應(yīng)用confused，意為“感到困惑的”。故將confusing改為confused。
10．but→and　考查連詞。realized和前面的apologized是并列謂語，在邏輯上是順承關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞and連接。故將but改為and。