專(zhuān)題10 閱讀理解記敘文 -高考英語(yǔ)二輪熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式演練（上海專(zhuān)用）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

TOC \ "1-3" \h \z \u \l "_Tc148898652" 題型綜述2
\l "_Tc148898652" 解題攻略3
\l "_Tc148898653" 題型01 細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題3
\l "_Tc148898654" 題型02 推理判斷題4
\l "_Tc148898655" 題型03 詞句猜測(cè)題6
\l "_Tc148898656" 題型04 主旨大意題8
\l "_Tc148898657" 高考練場(chǎng) PAGEREF _Tc148898657 \h 12
題型簡(jiǎn)介
記敘文閱讀理解通常分為傳記類(lèi)、游記類(lèi)和故事類(lèi)。主要考查作者通過(guò)寫(xiě)人、敘事所表達(dá)出來(lái)的某種觀點(diǎn)、認(rèn)識(shí)或情感。記敘文描述的是具體事情的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)局，通常包含時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件等要素。有些文章按事件發(fā)展經(jīng)過(guò)為主線敘述，有些則按時(shí)間順序敘述，包括順敘、倒敘等。夾敘夾議類(lèi)文章往往蘊(yùn)含作者或文中人物的多種情感，如喜悅、悲傷、憤怒、希望等，能引起讀者的情感共鳴。
命題類(lèi)型
細(xì)節(jié)理解題：考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章中具體事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)的理解能力。
詞義猜測(cè)題：要求學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文推斷生詞或短語(yǔ)的含義。
主旨大意題：考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章中心思想或主要觀點(diǎn)的把握。
推理判斷題：考查學(xué)生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行邏輯推理和判斷的能力。
作者意圖題：考查學(xué)生對(duì)作者寫(xiě)作目的和態(tài)度的理解。
解題思路
順藤摸瓜：按照文章脈絡(luò)和故事發(fā)展順序，一題一題地解答細(xì)節(jié)題，不漏掉任何細(xì)節(jié)。
左顧右盼：在做題過(guò)程中，如果找不到與題干一字不差的詞語(yǔ)或句子，需要通過(guò)上下文語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行同義替換，找到正確答案。
把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)：記敘文一般可以分為事實(shí)記敘和想象記敘，注意文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，如5W要素（what, wh, when, where, why），這有助于理解文章和回答問(wèn)題。
理解故事脈絡(luò)：弄明白整件事情的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)，這對(duì)于解答細(xì)節(jié)題和推理判斷題至關(guān)重要。
把握寓意：對(duì)于哲理故事或逸聞趣事，要理解故事所蘊(yùn)含的哲理意義或風(fēng)趣性，這有助于解答主旨大意題和作者意圖題。
題型01 細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題

細(xì)節(jié)題幾乎是每一篇記敘文閱讀理解中都會(huì)出現(xiàn)的題型，圍繞文章主題考查學(xué)生對(duì)具體信息點(diǎn)的理解。一篇文章必然是由許多具體的細(xì)節(jié)、具體的內(nèi)容構(gòu)成的，所有這些信息以某種順序(時(shí)間、空間、情感變化等)排列起來(lái)，來(lái)進(jìn)一步解釋或闡釋主題，體現(xiàn)文章的主旨大意。
細(xì)節(jié)理解題目主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章具體事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)的理解能力，屬于表層理解題范疇，難度較小，但在整個(gè)閱讀理解題中所占比例最大，細(xì)節(jié)理解題多從文章的某個(gè)具體事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)出發(fā)來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)題目。包括三種題型：1.直接事實(shí)題；2.間接事實(shí)題；3. 數(shù)據(jù)推算。
在做直接事實(shí)題時(shí)，要抓住題干文字信息，采用針對(duì)性方法進(jìn)行閱讀，因?yàn)檫@類(lèi)題的答案在文章中可以直接找到。做間接事實(shí)題時(shí)，需要結(jié)合上下文提供的語(yǔ)境和信息進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的概括和判斷或者要進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的計(jì)算。數(shù)據(jù)推算題要求學(xué)生就文章提供的數(shù)據(jù)，以及數(shù)據(jù)與文中其他信息的關(guān)系做簡(jiǎn)單計(jì)算和推斷。在做此類(lèi)題時(shí)：1.要抓住并正確理解與數(shù)據(jù)有關(guān)的信息含義。2.弄清眾多信息中那些屬于有用信息，那些屬于干擾信息。3.不要孤立看待數(shù)字信息，而要抓住一些關(guān)鍵用語(yǔ)的意義。
上海市延安中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中
When I was a little by in Brazil, I became fascinated with histry, read The Lst Wrld, the Arthur Cnan Dyle bk that inspired Jurassic Park, and dreamed f becming an archaelgist like Indiana Jnes. I wanted t travel the wrld t search fr hidden treasures, buried fr centuries. When I read abut the Terractta Warrirs in Xi’an, they carved ut a special place in my imaginary future. I was amazed at hw smething s magnificent culd be hidden frm plain view fr s lng.
Back then I had n idea that China was the furthest place n earth frm my birth-place and I culd definitely nt imagine living there when I grew up. But here I am. And after almst three years f wrking in Beijing, I finally fund the pprtunity t visit the site I had imagined fr s lng.
……..
1．Which f the fllwing statements is prper t describe the authr when he was little?
A．He was interested in peple and bjects in ancient scieties.
B．He was gd at mathematics and dreamed f being an architect.
C．He liked carving sculptures ut f stnes and jade.
D．He was bsessed with reading nvels and aspired t be a sci-fi writer.
2．Which f the fllwing statements is true?
A．It’s easy fr the writer t travel t China and many f his relatives live there.
B．Xi’an is such a city as basts bth cultural heritages and mdern facilities.
C．Freigners tend t find difficulty in traveling in Xi’an with little English signs t instruct them.
D．The Giant Wild Gse Pagda verlks mstly mdern buildings.
【答案】1．A 2．B
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。這篇文章主要講述了作者從小對(duì)歷史和考古充滿興趣，成年后在北京工作多年后終于有機(jī)會(huì)參觀兒時(shí)夢(mèng)寐以求的西安，并分享了他在西安的所見(jiàn)所感。
1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“When I was a little by in Brazil, I became fascinated with histry, read The Lst Wrld, the Arthur Cnan Dyle bk that inspired Jurassic Park, and dreamed f becming an archaelgist like Indiana Jnes. I wanted t travel the wrld t search fr hidden treasures, buried fr centuries.(當(dāng)我還是個(gè)在巴西的小男孩時(shí)，我迷上了歷史，讀了阿瑟·柯南·道爾的《失落的世界》，這本書(shū)給了我侏羅紀(jì)公園的靈感，我夢(mèng)想著成為印第安納·瓊斯那樣的考古學(xué)家。我想環(huán)游世界去尋找埋藏了幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的寶藏)”可知，作者小時(shí)候?qū)糯鐣?huì)的人和物很感興趣。故選A。
2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“If yu’re int histry, it’s the place t g. It has the necessary infrastructure t attract freign turists such as signs in prper English and restaurants everywhere.(如果你對(duì)歷史感興趣，這里是你必去的地方。它有必要的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施來(lái)吸引外國(guó)游客，比如用合適的英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)的標(biāo)志，到處都是餐館)”可知，B選項(xiàng)“西安是一座文化遺產(chǎn)和現(xiàn)代化設(shè)施并存的城市”正確。故選B。
題型02 推理推斷題

推理題要求考生根據(jù)文章提供的事實(shí)和線索進(jìn)行邏輯推理，推斷出作者沒(méi)有提到或者沒(méi)有明說(shuō)的事實(shí)或者可能發(fā)生的事實(shí)。這類(lèi)題旨在考查學(xué)生透過(guò)詞語(yǔ)的字面意義去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力，屬于深層理解題。推斷題是屬于難度較高的一類(lèi)題型，需要學(xué)生在理解原文字面意思的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)分析語(yǔ)篇內(nèi)在邏輯和理解其中的細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容的暗示，理解文章深層意義和隱含意義，然后作出一定的推理判斷，切忌憑空猜想，而要以原文內(nèi)容為依據(jù)，對(duì)文章信息細(xì)致分析、深入挖掘，揭示其深層含義，同時(shí)也要注意避免過(guò)度推斷。
此類(lèi)題的設(shè)問(wèn)常常包括infer, imply, suggest, cnclude 等詞，這類(lèi)題的設(shè)問(wèn)方式主要有：
1. We can infer frm the passage that __________.
2. What / Which f the fllwing can be inferred frm the passage?
3. It can be inferred / cncluded (frm Paragraph 3) that __________.
4. The authr suggests / The writer implies in this paragraph that __________.
5. On the whle / Frm the text / After reading the passage, we can cnclude that __________.
6. What cnclusin can be drawn frm the passage?
7. The authr is inclined t think that __________.
8. When the writer talks abut, what he really means is that __________.
9. What’s the writer’s attitude / feeling 
10. In the writer’s pinin,...
區(qū)間定位是快速定位的重要手段之一，使用區(qū)間定位能夠幫助學(xué)生在沒(méi)有完全讀懂原文的情況下盡可能答對(duì)較多的題。
【來(lái)源】上海市南洋模范中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題
………
It was abut this time that Daddy built him a g-cart and I had t pull him arund. The mment I picked up my cap, he started crying t g with me and Mama wuld call frm wherever she was, “Take Ddle with yu”. He was a burden in many ways. The dctr had said that he mustn’t get t excited, t ht, t cld, r t tired and that he must always be treated gently—a lng list f dn’ts went with him. His skin was very sensitive, and he had t wear a big straw hat whenever he went ut. When the ging gt rugh and he had t climb t the sides f the g-cart, the hat slipped all the way dwn ver his ears. He was a sight. Suddenly, I culd see I was licked. Ddle was my brther and he was ging t cling t me frever, n matter what I did. I dragged him acrss the burning cttn field t share with him the nly beauty I knew, Old Wman Swamp. His eyes were rund with wnder as he gazed, and his little hands began t strke the rubber grass. Then he began t cry.
“Fr heaven’s sake, what’s the matter?” I asked, annyed.
“It’s s pretty,” he said. “S pretty, pretty, pretty.”
15．By “I culd see I was licked (paragraph 3)”, the narratr implies that ________?
A．He was aware that he was licked by Ddle.
B．He was excited that he culd see Ddle’s prgress.
C．He wanted t change Ddle’s name again.
D．He realized Ddle wuld always be a part f his life.
16．What can yu infer frm the passage abut the narratr’s feelings twards Ddle?
A．He deeply disliked Ddle fr the attentin he receives.
B．He felt a mix f annyance and affectin fr Ddle.
C．He was cmpletely indifferent t what Ddle was ding.
D．He was surprised at Ddle’s ability t crawl.
【答案】 15．D 16．B
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者對(duì)身體殘疾的弟弟Ddle的人生經(jīng)歷回憶，盡管弟弟的生活充滿挑戰(zhàn)，但作者對(duì)他不離不棄，展現(xiàn)了深深的愛(ài)和關(guān)心，讓弟弟的生活變得更加美好。
15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Suddenly, I culd see I was licked. Ddle was my brther and he was ging t cling t me frever, n matter what I did.( 突然，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我被打敗了。Ddle是我的兄弟，不管我做什么，他都會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)依附著我。)”可推知，通過(guò)“我發(fā)現(xiàn)我被打敗了”這句話，作者意識(shí)到Ddle將永遠(yuǎn)是他生活的一部分。故選D項(xiàng)。
16．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第三段中“Suddenly, I culd see I was licked. Ddle was my brther and he was ging t cling t me frever, n matter what I did. I dragged him acrss the burning cttn field t share with him the nly beauty I knew, Old Wman Swamp. His eyes were rund with wnder as he gazed, and his little hands began t strke the rubber grass. Then he began t cry.( 突然，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我被打敗了。Ddle是我的兄弟，不管我做什么，他都會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)依附著我。我拖著他穿過(guò)燃燒的棉花地，與他分享我所知道的唯一的美麗——Old Wman沼澤。他盯著看，眼睛瞪得圓圓的，充滿了驚奇，他的小手開(kāi)始撫摸橡膠草。然后他開(kāi)始哭了起來(lái)。)”可知，作者感到負(fù)擔(dān)是因?yàn)橐庾R(shí)到Ddle將永遠(yuǎn)是他生活的一部分，需要持續(xù)的照料，盡管弟弟的生活充滿了挑戰(zhàn)，但作者對(duì)他的愛(ài)和關(guān)心從未減少。作者會(huì)帶著他一起去看美麗的景色。由此可推知，作者對(duì)對(duì)Ddle既厭煩又喜愛(ài)。故選B項(xiàng)。
題型03 詞義、句義猜測(cè)題

詞義猜測(cè)閱讀理解題考查對(duì)文中關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)的理解，旨在考查學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文推斷詞匯和短語(yǔ)的能力，包括超綱詞義、熟詞生義、代詞的指代關(guān)系、俗語(yǔ)、特殊表達(dá)等，因此學(xué)生不僅需要加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)境中的理解推斷能力，也需要在平時(shí)注意積累和擴(kuò)大詞匯量。
此類(lèi)題的設(shè)問(wèn)方式主要有：
1.The wrd “...” in be replaced by...
2.As used in the passage, the phrase “...” suggests...
3.Frm the passage, we can infer that the wrd/phrase “...” is/referred t...
4.The wrd “...” is clsest in meaning t...
猜詞是應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)的重要能力，也是高考中常用的題型。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)“順藤摸瓜”，通過(guò)構(gòu)詞、語(yǔ)法、定義、同位、對(duì)比、
此類(lèi)題目可以采用以下幾種方法：1. 利用構(gòu)詞法；2. 聯(lián)系上下文語(yǔ)境；3. 代入法。詞義推斷題有時(shí)候可以同時(shí)運(yùn)用構(gòu)詞法、語(yǔ)境和代入法，短語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)義高度依賴(lài)上下文內(nèi)容和邏輯。
【來(lái)源】上海市位育中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷
……..
“Dad, let me help,” Emma ffered, taking the shvel frm his weary hands. Tgether, they dug int the earth, creating a hidden cache fr extra fd. It was a secret they guarded fiercely, knwing that in times f shrtage, even neighbrs culd turn against each ther ut f desperatin.
……..
18．The term “hidden cache” in the third paragraph mst prbably refers t “_____________”
A．a(chǎn) treasure mapB．a(chǎn) buried capsule
C．a(chǎn) secret fd strage sptD．a(chǎn) mysterius bx
【答案】18．C
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了飽受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)蹂躪的艾瑪一家的生存狀態(tài)，他們?yōu)樯娑?，以及?duì)未來(lái)的憧憬。
18．詞句猜測(cè)題。由第三段中“Tgether, they dug int the earth, creating a hidden cache fr extra fd. It was a secret they guarded fiercely (他們一起挖掘泥土，為額外的食物創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)hidden cache。這是他們嚴(yán)守的秘密)”和最后一段中“Each day, Emma and her father wuld check the hle, ensuring their precius supplies were safe. (每天，艾瑪和她的父親都會(huì)檢查這個(gè)洞，確保他們珍貴的物資是安全的)”可知，他們一起挖地，為額外的食物創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)隱藏的貯藏處，所以劃線詞的意思為“一個(gè)秘密的食品儲(chǔ)藏地點(diǎn)”。故選C項(xiàng)。
【來(lái)源】上海市建平中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月月考英語(yǔ)試卷
This year, my tw ldest sns asked me t sign them up fr pian lessns. Fr certain reasns, I decided it wuld als be a gd time fr me t take up the pian again, after 30 years.
As a child, I learned nt just the pian, but the cell. I played in tw rchestras and sang in the schl chir. N ne frced me t d any f it, but it wasn’t quite a free chice either. When yu are the apprval-addicted daughter f an ver-invested mther, n ne needs t apply frce. My mm and I were well matched partners in the dance f unspken expectatin and apprval-seeking. I did her frcing fr her.
……..
25．The underlined sentence in paragraph tw means ______.
A．the authr demanded t learn musical instruments ut f pure lve
B．the authr frced her mum t sign her up fr pian lessns against her will
C．the authr’s mm pushed her t learn musical instruments fr her wn sake
D．the authr ffered t learn musical instruments t btain her mm’s apprval
【答案】25．D
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者從自己的經(jīng)歷講述了對(duì)于父母無(wú)條件的愛(ài)的看法。
25．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段劃線處上句“When yu are the apprval-addicted daughter f an ver-invested mther, n ne needs t apply frce. My mm and I were well matched partners in the dance f unspken expectatin and apprval-seeking. (如果你是過(guò)度投入的母親的女兒，那么沒(méi)有人需要使用武力。在無(wú)言的期待和尋求認(rèn)同的舞蹈中，我和媽媽是非常般配的一對(duì)。)”可知，作者主動(dòng)提出學(xué)習(xí)樂(lè)器以獲得母親的認(rèn)可。故選D。
題型04 主題理解或?qū)懽饕鈭D推斷題

寫(xiě)作意圖題要求考生在理解文章主旨的基礎(chǔ)上明白作者的言外之意,找到作者的寫(xiě)作意圖。題干中常有 purpse, in rder t 等詞。不同體裁文章的寫(xiě)作意圖不同。故事類(lèi)記敘文的目的通常是娛樂(lè)讀者(t entertain)；廣告類(lèi)應(yīng)用文的目的一般是推銷(xiāo)產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)(t advertise);議論文的目的是要闡述論點(diǎn)(t argue/persuade);科普、文化類(lèi)說(shuō)明文的目的大多是介紹知識(shí)（t infrm)。這類(lèi)題型經(jīng)常考查短文的標(biāo)題(title, headline)；短文或段落的主題(subject)；中心思想(main idea)；作者的寫(xiě)作目的(purpse)。
此類(lèi)題的設(shè)問(wèn)方式:
1.What wuld be the best title fr the text?
2.What des the secnd paragraph mainly discuss?
3.What is the passage mainly abut?
4.The main purpse f annuncing the abve events is __________.
做寫(xiě)作意圖題有兩種方法：一是主旨推斷法：根據(jù)文章或段落的主旨推斷作者的寫(xiě)作意圖。二是文體推斷法：根據(jù)文體的特點(diǎn)來(lái)推斷。
【來(lái)源】上海市向明中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試卷
………
But burning fssil fuels t visit threatened envirnments definitely feels irnic. As a travel writer, I’m cnstantly wrestling with questins such as: Shuld we be travelling t endangered landscapes at all? Can it even be dne sustainably? What is at stake if we dn’t travel?
As the saying ges: “Turism is like a fire. Yu can either ck yur fd with it, r burn yur huse dwn.”
If I’m being hnest, at least part f my mtivatin t g t these places is t see them nw as they are nw — befre they’re irreversibly changed r gne. I’m nt alne in this.
Once a pstdc and research scientist at the University f Michigan, Kurt Hillig takes phts f everything frm flwers t glaciers alng the way. Recrd keeping. “This is here nw and I’m here nw,” he says. “I’m trying t capture it befre it disappears, s I can share it with ther peple shw them this is what the wrld culd have been, if we hadn’t been s driven by prfit instead f pleasure.”
23．What attitude des the authr hld twards this travel?
A．Excited.B．Astnished.C．Regretful.D．Reflective.
24．The best title fr the passage is ________.
A．Last-Chance TurismB．A Sustainable Expeditin
C．Escaping t Endangered PlacesD．Risky Adventures: The Last Frntier
【答案】23．D 24．A
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。本文主要講述了作者乘坐探險(xiǎn)游輪前往冰島，途中看到了瀕危的座頭鯨和冰山，由此引發(fā)了作者對(duì)于“末日旅游”的思考。作者認(rèn)為，在瀕危之地被徹底改變或消失之前，見(jiàn)證這些美景是非常有意義的。
23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“But burning fssil fuels t visit threatened envirnments definitely feels irnic.(但燃燒化石燃料去參觀受到威脅的環(huán)境確實(shí)讓人感到諷刺)”及“Shuld we be travelling t endangered landscapes at all? Can it even be dne sustainably? What is at stake if we dn’t travel?(我們是否應(yīng)該去旅行這些瀕危的景觀呢？這樣做能持續(xù)發(fā)展嗎？如果我們不去旅行，有什么風(fēng)險(xiǎn)？)”可知，作者對(duì)這次旅行持有反思的態(tài)度，反思的人類(lèi)的行為。
故選D項(xiàng)。
24．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其最后一段“I’m trying t capture it befre it disappears, s I can share it with ther peple shw them this is what the wrld culd have been, if we hadn’t been s driven by prfit instead f pleasure.”(我正在嘗試在它消失之前捕捉到這些畫(huà)面，這樣我就可以與其他人分享，向他們展示如果我們不是如此追求利潤(rùn)而是追求快樂(lè)，世界本可能是什么樣子。)”可知，文章主要講述了作者和Kurt Hillig的“末日旅游”，他們想在瀕危之地被徹底改變或消失之前，見(jiàn)證這些瀕危之地的美景。由此可知，A選項(xiàng)“Last-Chance Turism(末日旅游)”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選
【來(lái)源】上海市七寶中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期階段練習(xí)卷
………
Frm then n, I stpped cunting the number f wrk hurs I was putting in, leaving space every day fr exercising and ding activities that I enjyed. Eventually, I realized nbdy was keeping track f the amunt f time I spent in the lab anyway and it wasn’t smething I needed t wrry abut.
I nticed that having mre time fr myself made me mre rested and mtivated when I went back t wrk. I cntinued quietly alng this path fr years, until that cnversatin in the hallway. S, when I ran int her again, weeks later, I tld her that even thugh I was feeling a lt f pressure in the final year f my Ph.D．, I was putting my mental and physical health first and wasn’t wrking vertime. I als began t talk with ther students abut hw quality sleep, physical activity, healthy eating, and reasnable wrk hurs were a daily part f my rutine.
4．What des the authr intend t tell us?
A．A healthy wrk-life balance cunts.
B．A fall int the pit, a gain in yur wit.
C．Fitting in desn’t mean wrking vertime.
D．Nthing is difficult t the man wh will try.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為夾敘夾議文。作者通過(guò)講述自己博士生的經(jīng)歷，討論了在研究生院時(shí)，如何避免過(guò)度工作和壓力，保持身心健康，提高個(gè)人工作效率。
4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Frm then n, I stpped cunting the number f wrk hurs I was putting in, leaving space every day fr exercising and ding activities that I enjyed. Eventually, I realized nbdy was keeping track f the amunt f time I spent in the lab anyway and it wasn’t smething I needed t wrry abut.(從那時(shí)起，我不再計(jì)算我投入的工作時(shí)間，每天留出時(shí)間鍛煉和做我喜歡的活動(dòng)。最終，我意識(shí)到?jīng)]有人記錄我在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里花了多少時(shí)間，這不是我需要擔(dān)心的事情)”以及最后一段“S, when I ran int her again, weeks later, I tld her that even thugh I was feeling a lt f pressure in the final year f my Ph.D., I was putting my mental and physical health first and wasn’t wrking vertime. I als began t talk with ther students abut hw quality sleep, physical activity, healthy eating, and reasnable wrk hurs were a daily part f my rutine.(所以，幾周后，當(dāng)我再次遇到她時(shí)，我告訴她，盡管我在博士學(xué)位的最后一年感到壓力很大，但我還是把心理和身體健康放在第一位，沒(méi)有加班。我也開(kāi)始和其他學(xué)生談?wù)摳哔|(zhì)量的睡眠、體育鍛煉、健康的飲食和合理的工作時(shí)間是我日常生活的一部分)”可知，作者主要想要告訴讀者健康的工作與生活平衡很重要。故選A項(xiàng)。
題型01 細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題
（2025年普陀區(qū)一模）
Summerhill
This is a stry f a mdern schl—Summerhill. Summerhill began as an experimental schl. It is n lnger such;it is nw a demnstratin schl, fr it demnstrates that freedm wrks. When my wife and I began the schl, we had ne main philsphy:t make the schl fit the child— instead f making the child fit the schl.

My view is that a child is brn wise and realistic. If left t himself withut adult suggestins f any kind, he will develp as far as he is capable f develping. Lgically, Summerhill is a place in which peple wh have the inherent ability and wish t be schlars will be schlars;while thse wh are nly fit t sweep the streets will sweep the streets. But we have nt prduced a street cleaner s far. Nr d I write this snbbishly(勢(shì)利的), fr I wuld rather see a schl prduce a happy street cleaner than an anxius schlar.
36. Accrding t the passage, what was the primary idea behind starting Summerhill Schl?
A. T ensure students becme happy schlars.
B. T fcus n mral and religius instructins.
C. T make the schl adapt t the needs f each child.
D. T make children suitable fr the existing scial system.
37. The funders f Summerhill Schl believe that children
A. need strict discipline t be successful
B. are naturally wise and realistic
C. shuld fcus primarily n religius educatin
D. are mre creative with adult guidance
【答案】36. C 37. B
【36 題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段 “When my wife and I began the schl, we had ne main philsphy: t make the schl fit the child— instead f making the child fit the schl.” 可知，創(chuàng)辦 Summerhill 學(xué)校的主要理念是讓學(xué)校適應(yīng)每個(gè)孩子的需求，而不是讓孩子適應(yīng)學(xué)校，C 選項(xiàng)正確。A 選項(xiàng) “確保學(xué)生成為快樂(lè)的學(xué)者” 并非創(chuàng)辦學(xué)校的首要理念；B 選項(xiàng) “專(zhuān)注于道德和宗教教育” 與原文中學(xué)校摒棄所有道德和宗教教育相悖；D 選項(xiàng) “讓孩子適應(yīng)現(xiàn)有的社會(huì)體系” 也不符合創(chuàng)辦學(xué)校的理念，原文強(qiáng)調(diào)讓學(xué)校適應(yīng)孩子，而不是讓孩子去適應(yīng)社會(huì)體系。所以答案是 C。
【37 題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段 “My view is that a child is brn wise and realistic.” 可知，Summerhill 學(xué)校的創(chuàng)辦者認(rèn)
為孩子天生是明智且現(xiàn)實(shí)的，B 選項(xiàng)正確。A 選項(xiàng) “需要嚴(yán)格的紀(jì)律才能成功” 與原文中學(xué)校摒棄所有紀(jì)律不符；C 選項(xiàng) “應(yīng)該主要專(zhuān)注于宗教教育”，原文提到學(xué)校摒棄宗教教育；D 選項(xiàng) “在成人指導(dǎo)下更有創(chuàng)造力”，原文強(qiáng)調(diào)讓孩子在沒(méi)有成人建議的情況下自由發(fā)展。所以答案是 B。
（2025年嘉定一模）
It’s strange hw a single mment can shift everything yu think yu knw. One winter mrning, all it tk was a little stubbrnness (固執(zhí)) and a lt f snw fr me t learn a lessn I’d remember fr years, This is the stry f hw I wrecked my dad’s car.
It was early January, and I was a senir in high schl. It was a regular Tuesday mrning, and like every ther day, I grabbed my jacket, picked up the keys frm the cunter, and was abut t head ut when my dad stpped me.
“Wha, there,” he said, glancing at the snw piling up utside. “The rads are cvered in snw. Yu’re taking the bus tday.”
36. What did the writer’s father suggest he d due t the snwy cnditins?
A. Staying hme.B. Walking t schl.
C. Ging t schl by bus.D. Drive slwly n the rad.
【答案】36. C
【36題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“The rads are cvered in snw. Yu’re taking the bus tday.(道路上覆蓋著雪。你今天坐公共汽車(chē)去吧)”可知，由于下雪的情況，作者的父親建議他乘公共汽車(chē)上學(xué)。故選C。
題型02 推理推斷題
（2025年長(zhǎng)寧一模）
We ften picture tday’s teens as scial-media addicts. They stare at their phnes 24/7 and lash ut when they can’t have their WeChat fix. But the truth is mre cmplicated: While they depend n scial media t keep up with friends, it des have a tendency t make them feel helpless under the pressure, and they knw it.
When I spke t fur students at Ntre Dame High Schl in Sherman Oaks, Calif., as part f my natin-wide teen listening tur, they tld me they make cnscius chices abut wh they share things with n scial media, hw they manage their accunts and hw they handle their wn burnut.
While teens generally acknwledge that scial media helps them keep up with their friends, arund 45% f them say they feel trubled by the drama they ften encunter, accrding t Pew Research Center. Rughly fur in 10 teenagers say they feel pressure t pst nly things that shw them in a psitive light r that generate a lt f cmments r likes.
37. It is indicated in the passage that ________ is sme teens’ intentinal actin n scial media.
A. selecting what t pstB. letting thers handle their psts
C. shwing their displeasureD. quitting t keep frm feeling hurt
38. Accrding t the passage, sme teens take breaks frm scial media t ________.
A. gather mre materials fr nline drama
B. escape the pressure f making cmments
C. avid feeling left ut by their peers
D. relieve exhaustin frm being disturbed
【答案】 37. A 38. D
【37題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“they tld me they make cnscius chices abut wh they share things with n scial media, hw they manage their accunts and hw they handle their wn burnut. (他們告訴我，他們有意識(shí)地選擇在社交媒體上與誰(shuí)分享東西，如何管理自己的賬戶，以及如何處理自己的倦怠)”可知，在社交媒體上選擇分享什么，是一些青少年的有意行為。故答案為A。
【38題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Rughly fur in 10 teenagers say they feel pressure t pst nly things that shw them in a psitive light r that generate a lt f cmments r likes.( 大約十分之四的青少年表示，他們感到壓力，只能發(fā)布積極的東西，或者產(chǎn)生很多評(píng)論或喜歡的東西)”可知，一些青少年從社交媒體上休息一下為了從社交媒體中解脫出來(lái)。D項(xiàng)：relieve exhaustin frm being disturbed(緩解被干擾而產(chǎn)生的疲勞)”符合題意，故答案為D。
（2025年徐匯一模）
In her ther classes, thugh, Carline wuld be sure t chse just the right seat. Carline liked t think f herself as ne f the cl kids, but she als did well in schl and liked learning. S, Carline wanted t sit clse t the cl kids, but nt t clse, r she wuld be mre interested in talking than paying attentin. She als knew that it was gd t be friends with the smart kids, because they culd help Carline with her schlwrk. Hwever, she
didn’t want t sit t clse t the smart kids. Unfrtunately, at Carline’s schl, the smart kids and the cl kids were nt the same kids.
37. What can be inferred frm paragraph 2?
A. Carline was ften seen as a cl kid, nt a smart kid.
B. Carline wanted t be the nly smart kid in her schl.
C. If Carline was seen as a smart kid, n ne wuld think she was cl.
D. Carline’s schl was unusual in that smart kids were als cl.
【答案】
37. C
【37題詳解】
推理判斷題。由文章第二段中“Unfrtunately, at Carline’s schl, the smart kids and the cl kids were nt the same kids. (不幸的是，在Carline的學(xué)校里，聰明的孩子和酷的孩子并不是同一批人)”可知，在Carline的學(xué)校，聰明的孩子和酷的孩子不是同一批孩子。由此可以推斷出，如果Carline被認(rèn)為是聰明的孩子，那么就不會(huì)有人認(rèn)為她是酷的孩子。故選C。
題型03 詞義、句義猜測(cè)題
（2025年閔行一模）
Back in her twenties, Linda Park was all abut fashin. But she als started nticing smething disturbing: the fashin industry was seriusly hurting the envirnment. As she wrked as a designer, she was shcked by the muntains f unsld clthes, fabrics that wuld hang arund fr decades, and the harmful dyes （染料） dumping int rivers. It hit her — if she was ging t make a real difference, she'd have t rll up her sleeves（袖子） and tackle fashin's waste prblem herself.
Every year, millins f tns f clthing are thrwn aside, with almst half f it ending up in landfills. And here's the kicker: mst f it barely gets wrn befre it's thrwn away, thanks t the endless cycle f fast fashin. Park thught, “I can d better than this.” S, she pictured a new kind f stre —— ne that wuldn't just reduce waste but wuld als inspire peple t make smarter, greener chices.
37. The phrase “the kicker” in paragraph 2 mst likely means________.
A. the persn kicking the ftballB. smething unexpected and surprising
C. the mst exciting part f the situatinD. the reasn why fast fashin is successful
【答案】 37. B
【37 題詳解】
詞義猜測(cè)題。前文提到 “Every year, millins f tns f clthing are thrwn aside, with almst half f it ending up in landfills.”（每年數(shù)百萬(wàn)噸衣服被丟棄，近一半最終進(jìn)入垃圾填埋場(chǎng)），接著說(shuō) “the kicker: mst f it barely gets wrn befre it's thrwn away, thanks t the endless cycle f fast fashin.”，大多數(shù)衣服在幾乎沒(méi)怎么穿就被扔掉，這一情況在 “每年大量衣服被丟棄” 的基礎(chǔ)上，是更令人意想不到和驚訝的。所以 “the kicker” 意思是意想不到且令人驚訝的事，答案選 B。
（2025年浦東新區(qū)一模）
I wasn’t prepared t be a climate refugee. Nt after relcating my family frm drught and wildfire Califrnia t the “climate shelter” f Asheville, N.C. But less than tw mnths after we mved int ur delightfully wded, mild-weather cmmunity, we were frced t leave.
In the mrning, after it seemed the wrst had passed, a large pine tree crashed nt the rf directly abve my yung sn’s bedrm while he was playing with LEGOs. He was thankfully unharmed, but it drve hme the severity f what was happening arund us. My yung daughter held me tightly saying ver and ver, “I’m scared.”
37.What des the underlined sentence in the furth paragraph mean?
A. The family realized the pleasure f playing with LEGOs.
B. The family decided t stay in the huse despite the danger.
C. The family felt alarmed at the sight f the tree crashing dwn.
D. The family became mre at ease abut the situatin at that time.
【答案】 37. C
【37 題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前文 “In the mrning, after it seemed the wrst had passed, a large pine tree crashed nt the rf directly abve my yung sn’s bedrm while he was playing with LEGOs. He was thankfully unharmed” 可知，在看似最糟糕的情況已經(jīng)過(guò)去的時(shí)候，一棵大松樹(shù)卻砸在了兒子臥室上方的屋頂上，盡管兒子沒(méi)受傷，但這件事讓一家人清楚地意識(shí)到周?chē)闆r的嚴(yán)重性，感到驚恐不安。所以該句意思是這家人看到樹(shù)倒下時(shí)感到驚恐。故選 C。
題型04 主題理解或?qū)懽饕鈭D推斷題
（2025年金山一模）
As fr me, I’d say that my stutter has nt “magically disappeared” because I’ve simply fund ways t cnceal (隱藏) it. But I have a better therapy nw-I will grw alngside it, an identity inseparable frm the way that I speak. Thinking abut this, I decided t tell the man, wh was still lking at me hpefully: “______.”
39. What’s the best title fr this passage?
A. My stutter, myselfB. New definitins fr stutter
C. Stutter, a life-changing disabilityD. A special encunter with stutterers
【答案】 39. A
【39題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“As fr me, I’d say that my stutter has nt “magically disappeared” because I’ve simply fund ways t cnceal (隱藏) it. But I have a better therapy nw-I will grw alngside it, an identity inseparable frm the way that I speak.(至于我，我想說(shuō)我的口吃并沒(méi)有“神奇地消失”，因?yàn)槲抑皇钦业搅穗[藏它的方法。但我現(xiàn)在有了更好的治療方法——我將與它一起成長(zhǎng)，一種與我說(shuō)話方式密不可分的身份)”結(jié)合文章講述了作者遇到一個(gè)穿著考究的男人來(lái)問(wèn)路，雖然有口吃，但是男人阻止了作者的接話，因?yàn)樗朐谂c陌生人交談時(shí)更勇敢一些。這讓作者想到了自己曾經(jīng)也有口吃，但是作者選擇了讓口吃成為自己的一部分?？芍珹選項(xiàng)“我的口吃——我的一部分”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。
A
（2025年虹口一模）
1One afternn a few mnths befre Tm and I were t be married, Max wandered int the dining rm f the huse we all shared. I was srting thrugh a bx f ld phtgraphs.
2“Wh’s that?” he asked.
3“That was my grandfather, the ne wh died a few mnths ag.”
4“Hmm. T bad he had t die.”
5Just as I was abut t put the last f the pictures in the bx, Max pressed his finger t a face. “And wh will this be t me?”
6Beneath his finger I culd see the edges f my wn face. I was suddenly flded with a jy which I had n name. This sn f the man I lved was becming my sn. We’d have family Christmas cards and schl art stuck t the fridge. All these things I’d never allwed myself t want. Nw I was becming a mther.
7I shuld have knwn hw t say just the right, wise, magical thing. But I didn’t. “I’ll be yur secnd mm,” I said.
8“Oh.”
9“I’m srry that yur first mm died. I liked her.”
10“What shuld I call yu?” he asked.
11My heart punded, and my stmach turned ver. Mama, I wanted t cry. I’ll be yur mama and yu’ll be my sn. I resisted. “Yu can call me Mm, r Mama. Yu can als call me Betsy, if yu’d rather. Whatever feels kay fr yu.”
12He std there a minute. “What’s fr dinner?” he asked.
13“Burgers.”
14“Swect,” he said as he walked ut f the rm.
15At ur wedding a few mnths later, Tm and I said ur vws (誓言) t ne anther. Then Max was invited t stand beside us and I made vws t him. I prmised t step int the shes his mther had been frced t leave behind, t help him remember her, and t be the best mther I culd be.
16After the wedding, fr the next few days, Max tried ut a new title fr me. “Can we g bwling?” he’d ask, and then fllw the questin by muthing the wrd mm. Or, “Can we g t the stre?” And the muthed wrd, mm. Mm was always silent. It seemed he was trying it n, seeing hw it felt in his muth.
17Weeks later as I drve him hme frm schl, Max suddenly said, “I ntice I dn’t call yu Mm.”
18Of. Wh threw that rck at my chest? I breathed t calm my vice. “I nticed that.”
19“When I say Betsy, I mean Mm.”
20“Thanks,” I said. “That’s nice t knw.”
21He lked ut the windw. “Mms die, yu knw. I think it’s maybe safer if yu’re just Betsy.”
22I willed tears away, nt wanting t verwhelm him. He had enugh t carry. “Thanks, Bud. I appreciate yu telling me.”
23“Hey, Betsy?”
24“Yeah,” I said, delighted with the new sund f my ld name.
25“What’s fr dinner?” he asked.
36. When Betty said “I’ll be yur secnd mm,” (paragraph 7), she ______.
A. thught her rle was significant t Max
B. wished Max culd let g f the sad memries
C. was lking frward t becming Max’s mther
D. suggested that she was legally respnsible fr Max
37. Accrding t Max, why did he call Betsy “Betsy” instead f Mm?
A. He wants t tell Betsy she is his best friend.
B. He still feels shy t address Betsy as Mm.
C. He desn’t want t frget his dead mther.
D. He hpes Betsy culd always be with him.
38. Hw des Betsy mst prbably feel when Max mentins dinner at the end f the passage?
A. Cnfused abut Max’s favurite fd.
B. Happy t lead a regular family life.
C. Relieved t have a simple cnversatin.
D. Annyed with Max’s cnstant questining.
39. Why des the authr develp the passage with shrt dialgues?
A. T reveal the tensin between Max and Betsy.
B. T shw that Max is aviding deep cnversatins.
C. T help express the tw speakers’ emtins directly.
D. T make the passage shrter and easier t understand.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Betty在與Tm結(jié)婚前，對(duì)融入Tm的兒子Max的生活充滿期待，想成為他的“第二位母親”?；楹驧ax嘗試稱(chēng)呼Betty為“Mm”，但最終還是稱(chēng)她“Betsy”，因?yàn)樗Ｍ鸅etty能一直陪伴自己。
【36題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中“I was suddenly flded with a jy which I had n name. This sn f the man I lved was becming my sn. We’d have family Christmas cards and schl art stuck t the fridge. All these things I’d never allwed myself t want. Nw I was becming a mther. (我突然感到一種無(wú)法名狀的喜悅。我愛(ài)的人的兒子正在成為我的兒子。我們會(huì)把家庭圣誕卡和學(xué)校的藝術(shù)品貼在冰箱上。所有這些我從未允許自己想要的東西?，F(xiàn)在我要做母親了)”可知，Betty意識(shí)到自己正在成為一個(gè)母親，她非常喜悅，對(duì)未來(lái)美好的家庭生活充滿向往。由此可知，在說(shuō)這句話時(shí)，她期待著成為Max的母親。故選C項(xiàng)。
【37題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二十一段“He lked ut the windw. “Mms die, yu knw. I think it’s maybe safer if yu’re just Betsy.” (他向窗外望去?！皨寢寱?huì)死的，你知道的。我覺(jué)得你還是叫Betsy比較安全。”)”可知，Max經(jīng)歷了母親的離世，對(duì)于稱(chēng)呼Betsy為“Mm (媽媽)”存在一定的心理障礙，很害怕再次經(jīng)歷失去母親的痛苦。因此，他用“Betsy”這個(gè)稱(chēng)呼，是希望Betsy能夠一直陪伴著他，而不是像母親這個(gè)身份一樣可能會(huì)突然消失。故選D項(xiàng)。
【38題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后三段““Hey, Betsy?” (“嘿，Betsy？”)”、““Yeah,” I said, delighted with the new sund f my ld name. (“嗯，”我說(shuō)，為自己舊名字的新發(fā)音感到高興)”和““What’s fr dinner?” he asked. (“晚飯吃什么？”他問(wèn))”可知，Max正在和Betsy以新的方式相處，把她當(dāng)作自己的親人，詢問(wèn)晚餐的問(wèn)題雖然簡(jiǎn)單，但這是日常家庭生活的常態(tài)。這表明Betty在過(guò)正常的家庭生活，成為Max生活中的一部分，她很可能感到幸福。故選B項(xiàng)。
【39題詳解】
推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)短的對(duì)話形式，直接展現(xiàn)了Betty和Max之間的情感交流。這種對(duì)話形式讓讀者能夠直觀地感受到兩人的情感變化，尤其是Betty的內(nèi)心波動(dòng)和Max的微妙反應(yīng)。故選C項(xiàng)。
B
（2025年松江一模）
After a lng jurney, I finally gt t the hspital. Lying n the examinatin table while facing the painfully bright ceiling lights, I fidgeted, desperately trying t ignre the upsetting part f the situatin. I attempted t fcus n staying warm in the cld rm, but what happened days ag kept running thrugh my head — the intense pain, the verpwering fear, and the panicky steps in the Emergency Rm. I was tld I had brken a backbne. I nw smiled recalling the inncence f my respnse: “D I have t wear a supprt when I play ftball? ”
I had waited fr three mnths t find ut whether I culd play ftball again, but the thught f waiting anther five minutes seemed impssible. Then Dr. Pittinger entered. He was friendly, but nticeably uncmfrtable, almst sad. He tld me that I wuld never be able t play ftball again.
The realizatin sank in immediately. I wasn’t surprised, r at least I shuldn’t have been, but that didn’t make the rder any easier. I refused t accept the idea, and fr mnths I cntinued t exercise. I wrked ut frm five t six every mrning. Thugh I was ashamed t wear the supprt, I wre it devtedly, with sme false hpe that the mre I wre it, the quicker and better it wuld heal the backbne.
I was determined t play again.
The fact is that, just as the dctr rdered, I never played anther quarter f ftball. After nights f cming hme frm exercising, barely able t walk, I finally gave in. Fr a while, giving up felt like an admitting f defeat rather than the acceptance f a truth that shuld have been painfully bvius, but ver time, I realized like mst difficult decisins I have made and will have t make, life wuld g n. Rather than stick t the undeniably unattainable, I understd thugh this particular ptin was n lnger pen t me, I had cuntless thers t make in its place.
And by the way, I’m a five-star ftball cach nw.
36. The wrd “fidgeted” in paragraph 1 mst prbably means “________”.
A. felt terribly bred.B. lay quietly and calmly.
C. was extremely grateful.D. made slight, anxius mvements.
37. The underlined sentence in paragraph 2 indicates the writer’s ________.
A. slw but steady recvery.B. eagerness t get the dctr’s answer.
C. frequent visits t the hspital.D. emtinal change after the accident.
38. What did the writer give up in the end?
A. Trusting the dctr.B. Exercising in the gym.
C. Fcusing n the impssible.D. Putting everything in place.
39. What’s the message mainly cnveyed in the passage?
A. Ignring failures is the key t a fulfilling life.
B. There are tw ways fr everyne t live his life.
C. Sme peple in the wrld live with physical pain.
D. We shuld accept life as it is and live t the fullest.
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. C 39. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者脊柱受傷后被醫(yī)生告知再也無(wú)法踢足球，作者無(wú)法接受，堅(jiān)持戴著支架鍛煉，但情況并沒(méi)有好轉(zhuǎn)，后來(lái)作者接受了這一殘酷事實(shí)，并意識(shí)到自己還有許多其他選擇，他現(xiàn)在成了一名五星級(jí)足球教練。
【36題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞所在句的“desperately trying t ignre the upsetting part f the situatin(拼命地試圖忽視這種令人不安的情況)”可知，作者躺在檢查臺(tái)上，感到非常不安，由此可推測(cè)出，作者因?yàn)榻箲]而無(wú)所適從，fidgeted意為“坐立不安，手足無(wú)措”，與D項(xiàng)“制造輕微的、焦慮的動(dòng)作”意思一致。故選D。
【37題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段畫(huà)線句“I had waited fr three mnths t find ut whether I culd play ftball again, but the thught f waiting anther five minutes seemed impssible.(為了知道我是否還能再踢足球，我已經(jīng)等了三個(gè)月，但再等五分鐘的想法似乎是不可能的。)”和下面的“Then Dr. Pittinger entered. He was friendly, but nticeably uncmfrtable, almst sad. He tld me that I wuld never be able t play ftball again.(然后皮廷格醫(yī)生走了進(jìn)來(lái)。他很友好，但明顯不舒服，幾乎很悲傷。他告訴我，我再也不能踢足球了。)”可知，為了知道自己是否能夠繼續(xù)踢足球，作者已經(jīng)等了三個(gè)月了，此刻在醫(yī)院連五分鐘也等不下去了，這時(shí)醫(yī)生進(jìn)來(lái)告訴他不能踢足球了，由此可推測(cè)出，作者特別想要知道醫(yī)生的回答。故選B。
【38題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Rather than stick t the undeniably unattainable, I understd thugh this particular ptin was n lnger pen t me, I had cuntless thers t make in its place.(我沒(méi)有堅(jiān)持不可否認(rèn)的不可實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，而是明白雖然這個(gè)特定的選擇不再對(duì)我開(kāi)放，但我還有無(wú)數(shù)其他選擇可以代替它。)”可知，作者不再堅(jiān)持不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情，而是決定尋找替代選項(xiàng)，由此可推測(cè)出，作者最后不再把注意力放在不可能的事情上。故選C。
【39題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是倒數(shù)第二段中的“Fr a while, giving up felt like an admitting f defeat rather than the acceptance f a truth that shuld have been painfully bvius, but ver time, I realized like mst difficult decisins I have made and will have t make, life wuld g n. Rather than stick t the undeniably unattainable, I understd thugh this particular ptin was n lnger pen t me, I had cuntless thers t make in its place.(有一段時(shí)間，放棄感覺(jué)像是承認(rèn)失敗，而不是接受一個(gè)本應(yīng)顯而易見(jiàn)的事實(shí)，但隨著時(shí)間的推移，我意識(shí)到，就像我所做和將要做的最艱難的決定一樣，生活仍將繼續(xù)。我沒(méi)有堅(jiān)持不可否認(rèn)的不可實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，而是明白雖然這個(gè)特定的選擇不再對(duì)我開(kāi)放，但我還有無(wú)數(shù)其他選擇可以代替它。)”可知，作者脊柱受傷，被診斷出無(wú)法再繼續(xù)踢足球，但作者無(wú)法接受這一現(xiàn)實(shí)，而是努力鍛煉，但最終情況并沒(méi)有改善，作者意識(shí)到生活仍然要繼續(xù)下去，接受了現(xiàn)狀，尋找其他機(jī)會(huì)，后來(lái)成了一名五星級(jí)的足球教練。作者雖然不能再踢足球，但作者接受了生活的饋贈(zèng)，同樣活出了精彩，他的故事告訴我們，要接受生活的本來(lái)面目，充實(shí)地生活。故選D。
C
（2025年嘉定一模）
It’s strange hw a single mment can shift everything yu think yu knw. One winter mrning, all it tk was a little stubbrnness (固執(zhí)) and a lt f snw fr me t learn a lessn I’d remember fr years, This is the stry f hw I wrecked my dad’s car.
It was early January, and I was a senir in high schl. It was a regular Tuesday mrning, and like every ther day, I grabbed my jacket, picked up the keys frm the cunter, and was abut t head ut when my dad stpped me.
“Wha, there,” he said, glancing at the snw piling up utside. “The rads are cvered in snw. Yu’re taking the bus tday.”
I argued, pinting ut that schl was abut t start, and I didn’t want t wait fr the bus. My dad, knwn fr his stubbrnness, wuldn’t give in. After a few heated wrds, he sighed and handed me the keys. “Fine, but be careful,” he said.
I slid int the car, a bit triumphant. The rads lked fine, I thught, barely an inch f snw, I started the car and pulled ut f the driveway, feeling a surge f independence. But as I made my way thrugh the neighbrhd, the slippery rads tested my cnfidence. One sharp turn later, and f was in truble — the car started t skid. I tried t slw dwn, but it was t late. The car slid right int a snwbank.
I spent a lng frustrating minute trying t get it ut. pressing dwn n the engine, trying every trick I knew. Eventually, I realized I was ging t have t call my dad. When he arrived, his face was a mix f anger and disappintment. We pulled the car ut with sme help, but the damage was dne.
Nw, every time I’m tempted t ignre smene’s advice, I think back t that day. Smetimes it’s smarter t listen than t prve a pint. That day left me a little prer and a lt wiser.
36. What did the writer’s father suggest he d due t the snwy cnditins?
A. Staying hme.B. Walking t schl.
C. Ging t schl by bus.D. Drive slwly n the rad.
37. What des the wrd “triumphant” (paragraph 5) mst likely mean?
A. Amused.B. Prud.C. Embarrassed.D. Regretful.
38. What happened t the car when the writer tried t make a sharp turn?
A. It made the turn safely.B. It slid ff the rad and hit anther car.
C. It came t a cmplete stp in the rad.D. It started t slip and crashed int a snwbank.
39. What lessn did the writer learn frm the experience?
A. It’s better t think twice befre saying n t thers’ advice.
B. It’s always best t rely n neself in challenging situatins.
C. Driving in snwy cnditins ught t be legally prhibited.
D. Arguing with parents ften leads t misunderstandings.
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者不聽(tīng)父親的建議，下雪天還堅(jiān)持要開(kāi)車(chē)去上學(xué)，結(jié)果急轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)，汽車(chē)開(kāi)始打滑，撞到了雪堆上。讓作者明白了在拒絕別人的建議之前最好三思而后行。
【36題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“The rads are cvered in snw. Yu’re taking the bus tday.(道路上覆蓋著雪。你今天坐公共汽車(chē)去吧)”可知，由于下雪的情況，作者的父親建議他乘公共汽車(chē)上學(xué)。故選C。
【37題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中“After a few heated wrds, he sighed and handed me the keys. ‘Fine, but be careful,’ he said.(激烈地說(shuō)了幾句之后，他嘆了口氣，把鑰匙遞給了我。‘很好，但要小心，’他說(shuō)。)”可知，激烈爭(zhēng)辯后父親讓步，故作者應(yīng)是有些得意。故劃線詞意思是“得意的”。故選B。
【38題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“But as I made my way thrugh the neighbrhd, the slippery rads tested my cnfidence. One sharp turn later, and f was in truble — the car started t skid. I tried t slw dwn, but it was t late. The car slid right int a snwbank.(但當(dāng)我穿過(guò)社區(qū)時(shí)，濕滑的道路考驗(yàn)了我的信心。過(guò)了一個(gè)急轉(zhuǎn)彎，我就遇到麻煩了——汽車(chē)開(kāi)始打滑。我試著慢下來(lái)，但已經(jīng)太晚了。汽車(chē)滑進(jìn)了雪堆里)”可知，當(dāng)作者試圖急轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)，汽車(chē)開(kāi)始打滑，撞到了雪堆上。故選D。
【39題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Nw, every time I’m tempted t ignre smene’s advice, I think back t that day. Smetimes it’s smarter t listen than t prve a pint. That day left me a little prer and a lt wiser.(現(xiàn)在，每當(dāng)我想忽視別人的建議時(shí)，我就會(huì)回想起那天。有時(shí)候，傾聽(tīng)比證明一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)更明智。那一天讓我變窮了一點(diǎn)，卻變得聰明了很多)”可知，作者從這次經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到了在拒絕別人的建議之前最好三思而后行。故選A。
D
（2025年徐匯一模）
Carline Rbbins knew that the first day f schl was very, very imprtant. Why? Because that was the day when yu chse where yu wuld sit fr the entire year. Carline realized that in sme classes this chice wuld be made fr her. The teacher wuld place students in alphabetical (按字母順序的) rder, meaning she wuld have t sit in frnt f Zach Rdgers yet again. Zach was attracted by Carline, and wuld distract her frm her wrk by passing ntes and telling jkes t impress her. In general, being a Rbbins was pretty gd, but having t sit in frnt f Zach was definitely a drawback.
In her ther classes, thugh, Carline wuld be sure t chse just the right seat. Carline liked t think f herself as ne f the cl kids, but she als did well in schl and liked learning. S, Carline wanted t sit clse t the cl kids, but nt t clse, r she wuld be mre interested in talking than paying attentin. She als knew that it was gd t be friends with the smart kids, because they culd help Carline with her schlwrk. Hwever, she didn’t want t sit t clse t the smart kids. Unfrtunately, at Carline’s schl, the smart kids and the cl kids were nt the same kids.
Carline had all f this in mind as she walked thrugh the schl’s frnt dr n the first day. She knew where her first class was, but she didn’t want t be the first ne there. If yu were the first ne there, yu didn’t have any cntrl at all! Other peple gt t chse hw clse they sat t yu, nt the ther way arund. This simply wuld nt d. S, she tk her time walking dwn the hall, taking a minute t talk t her friend Alma, whm she hadn’t seen fr the entire summer.
At last, she walked thrugh the dr f her first class, and there it was, the perfect seat! Tw seats away frm Jasmine, the smartest girl in her entire grade, and just in frnt f Marc, wh was very cl and ttally cute.
There was a new guy t the left, which culd be a risk, but hw bad culd a new guy be? S Carline started tward the seat, being careful nt t rush, when Marc’s best friend Jasn sat dwn in her chair! Sure, there were ther seats, but n ther perfect nes. Saddened but nt discuraged, Carline sat dwn in the secnd-best seat and immediately started planning fr lunchtime, when she was determined t get the best seat in the cafeteria.
36. As used in paragraph 1, the wrd “drawback” mst nearly means “_________”.
A. disadvantageB. benefitC. virtueD. withdrawal
37. What can be inferred frm paragraph 2?
A. Carline was ften seen as a cl kid, nt a smart kid.
B. Carline wanted t be the nly smart kid in her schl.
C. If Carline was seen as a smart kid, n ne wuld think she was cl.
D. Carline’s schl was unusual in that smart kids were als cl.
38. Accrding t the passage, Carline makes sure nt t get t class t early by _________.
A. taking time t fix her hairB. ging t the wrng class
C. waiting utside the schl gateD. stpping t talk t her friend
39. Hw did Carline feel abut the new guy sitting next t her desired seat?
A. She was thrilled t have a new friend t sit next t.
B. She was cncerned he might be a disturbance.
C. She was relieved that he didn’t take the perfect seat.
D. She was disappinted because he didn’t lk cl.
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. D 39. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Carline在新學(xué)期選擇座位的心路歷程。
【36題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。由文章第一段中“Zach was attracted by Carline, and wuld distract her frm her wrk by passing ntes and telling jkes t impress her. In general, being a Rbbins was pretty gd, but having t sit in frnt f Zach was definitely a drawback. (Zach被Carline吸引，會(huì)給她遞紙條、講笑話來(lái)吸引她的注意，從而分散她學(xué)習(xí)的注意力。總的來(lái)說(shuō)，作為Rbbins家族的一員很不錯(cuò)，但是不得不坐在Zach前面絕對(duì)是一個(gè)drawback)”可知，Zach分散她學(xué)習(xí)的注意力，坐在Zach前面絕對(duì)是一個(gè)不利條件或缺點(diǎn)。drawback在此處的意思是“不利條件，缺點(diǎn)”。A. disadvantage缺點(diǎn)，不利條件；B. benefit好處；C. virtue美德；D. withdrawal撤回。故選A。
【37題詳解】
推理判斷題。由文章第二段中“Unfrtunately, at Carline’s schl, the smart kids and the cl kids were nt the same kids. (不幸的是，在Carline的學(xué)校里，聰明的孩子和酷的孩子并不是同一批人)”可知，在Carline的學(xué)校，聰明的孩子和酷的孩子不是同一批孩子。由此可以推斷出，如果Carline被認(rèn)為是聰明的孩子，那么就不會(huì)有人認(rèn)為她是酷的孩子。故選C。
【38題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中“She knew where her first class was, but she didn’t want t be the first ne there. If yu were the first ne there, yu didn’t have any cntrl at all! Other peple gt t chse hw clse they sat t yu, nt the ther way arund. This simply wuld nt d. S, she tk her time walking dwn the hall, taking a minute t talk t her friend Alma, whm she hadn’t seen fr the entire summer. (她知道自己的第一節(jié)課在哪里，但她不想第一個(gè)到那里。如果你是第一個(gè)到的，那你就完全沒(méi)有控制權(quán)了！其他人可以選擇離你多近坐下，而不是你來(lái)選擇。這絕對(duì)不行。于是，她慢慢地走在走廊里，花了一分鐘的時(shí)間和整個(gè)夏天都沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)的朋友Alma聊天)”可知，為了確保不會(huì)太早到教室，Carline停下來(lái)和朋友聊天。故選D。
【39題詳解】
推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中“There was a new guy t the left, which culd be a risk, but hw bad culd a new guy be? (左邊有一個(gè)新來(lái)的男生，這可能有點(diǎn)冒險(xiǎn)，但新來(lái)的男生能有多壞呢？)”可知，Carline對(duì)坐在她想要的座位旁邊的新來(lái)的男生感到擔(dān)憂，認(rèn)為他可能會(huì)是一個(gè)干擾。故選B。

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