【命題解讀】
名詞性從句是高考的熱點(diǎn)，對(duì)于名詞性從句考綱要求掌握以下內(nèi)容：掌握主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句的基本用法，了解同位語從句的基本用法。要求考生在復(fù)習(xí)備考中應(yīng)該掌握名詞性從句的基本用法；一些易混引導(dǎo)詞的辨析；句子的語序、否定前移；名詞性從句和定語從句、狀語從句的辨析等。
【命題預(yù)測(cè)】
預(yù)計(jì)2018年高考對(duì)名詞性從句的考查仍然不會(huì)單純地考查其語法結(jié)構(gòu)，而是將其融入一定的語境中來考查考生的實(shí)際綜合運(yùn)用能力。
【復(fù)習(xí)建議】
1. 掌握賓語從句的用法；
2. 了解同位語從句的用法；
3. 掌握表語從句的用法；
4. 掌握主語從句的用法；
5. 如何正確選擇引導(dǎo)詞。
考向一 名詞性從句連接詞的用法
名詞性從句的連接詞有從屬連詞that/whether/if，
連接代詞what/wh/which/whse/whatever/whever/whmever/whichever，
連接副詞where/when/why/hw/wherever/whenever。
1.that的用法。
(1)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句中用that但不能省略。
?That they are gd at English is knwn t us all.
?The prblem is that we dn’t have enugh mney.
?The reprt that there will be a severe strm in the nrthern area is false.
(2)一般情況下，賓語從句中的引導(dǎo)詞that可省略，但在以下幾種情況中that一般不省略：
①當(dāng)that從句和主句謂語動(dòng)詞之間有插入語時(shí)；
②有多個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的從句時(shí)，第一個(gè)that可以省略，而其他的that常不可省略；
③介詞except，but，besides，in等后跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時(shí)；
④當(dāng)when，wh，what，where，why，hw等引導(dǎo)的從句與that引導(dǎo)的從句作主句謂語動(dòng)詞的并列賓語時(shí)。
?He judged that，because he was a child，he did nt understand wine.
?The reasn lies in that she wrks harder than the thers d.
?Everyne knew what happened and that she was wrried.
(3)that和what的區(qū)別。
that 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在主從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何句子成分，也沒有任何含義；而what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在主從句中都要充當(dāng)一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定語從句中的＂先行詞＋關(guān)系代詞＂，即常說的＂先行詞＋that＂。
?It’s a shame that he has made such a mistake.
?I will d what I can (d) t help him.
(4)同位語從句與定語從句中that的區(qū)別。
同位語從句中的連接詞that只起連接作用，在從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何句子成分；而定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞that在句中作賓語或主語，與先行詞有修飾關(guān)系。如果句子
是同位語從句，就應(yīng)用連接詞that而不能用which。同位語從句一般放在表具體含義的名詞后解釋說明名詞的含義或內(nèi)容，如以下名詞：news，fact，suggestin，truth，plan，belief，dubt，pssibility，idea等，而定語從句只是對(duì)先行詞的限定和修飾。
?They expressed the hpe that they wuld cme t visit China again.(同位語從句)
?The hpe they expressed is that they wuld cme t visit China again.(定語從句)
2.whether和if的用法。
? (1)whether和if在賓語從句中可以互換，但是作介詞賓語時(shí)連接詞一般用whether。
It all depends n whether they will cme back.
(2)后面直接跟r nt 時(shí)用whether。
?I didn’t knw whether r nt he had arrived in Wuhan.
(3)主語從句、表語從句中只能用whether。
?Whether the meeting will be put ff has nt been decided yet.
?The questin is whether they have s much mney.
(4)whether可以引導(dǎo)同位語從句，用以說明前面的名詞的內(nèi)容，if則不能。
?We ught t discuss carefully the questin whether we can d it r nt.
(5)whether常與r連用表示一種選擇，if不能這樣用；whether也可與動(dòng)詞不定式連用但if不能。
?The questin f whether they are male r female is nt imprtant.
?I have nt decided whether t g r nt.
(6)間接賓語位于句首時(shí)或者間接賓語提前時(shí)用whether不用if。
?Thank yu，but whether I’ll be free I’m nt sure at the mment.
(7)whether可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語從句表示＂不管＂、＂無論＂，而if不能。
?Whether he cmes r nt，we will begin ur party n time.
3.疑問詞＋ever和n matter＋疑問詞的區(qū)別。
(1)疑問詞＋ever可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，在主從句中要充當(dāng)一定的成分。
?Whever breaks the rule must be punished.
?Yu can chse whatever yu like in the shp.
(2)疑問詞＋ever還可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。
?Whever breaks the rule，he must be punished.
?Whatever yu d，yu must d it well.
(3)n matter＋疑問詞只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。
?N matter what yu d，yu must put yur heart int it.
?N matter wh cmes late，he must be punished.
4.when和where引導(dǎo)的同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別。
when 和where前面的名詞若是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)的名詞，則when和where引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，否則則為同位語從句。
?They put frward the questin where they culd get the mney.(同位語從句)
?This is the place where the accident happened.(定語從句)
5.名詞性從句中that不宜省略的幾種情況
賓語從句或表語從句中that有時(shí)可以省略，但在以下情況時(shí)，that不宜省略。
（1）當(dāng)動(dòng)詞后帶有兩個(gè)并列的賓語從句時(shí)，引入第二個(gè)從句的連詞that不可省略。如：
The teacher tld the students (that) they shuld hand in their hmewrk the next day and that the hmewrk must be signed names by their parents.
老師告訴學(xué)生他們要在第二天交上作業(yè)，并且作業(yè)必須由家長(zhǎng)簽名。
（2）當(dāng)that前面有插入語時(shí)，that不宜省略。如：
Little Alice didn't knw, I'm sure, that her sister was ging t America.
我確信，小艾麗斯不知道她的姐姐很快就要去美國(guó)了。
（3）省略答語中，that賓語從句單獨(dú)出現(xiàn)時(shí)，that不可省略。如：
—What did he say? 他說了什么
—That he wuld visit the Great Wall. (他說)他將會(huì)參觀長(zhǎng)城。
（4）當(dāng)主句的狀語部分位于that 賓語從句之前時(shí)，that不宜省略。如：
Jane realized at nce that she must d with it herself. 珍立刻意識(shí)到她必須親自處理那件事。(如省略that，at nce也可能修飾從句，是表示＂立刻意識(shí)到……＂，還是表示＂立刻去處理……＂，較為含糊)
（5） 當(dāng)that 賓語從句中的狀語部分位于從句的前部時(shí)，that不宜省略。如：
?Tm prmised that if he culd earn as much as 500 dllars in this mnth, he wuld buy a cmputer fr his brther. 湯姆許下諾言，如果他在這個(gè)月里能夠賺到500美元，他就給他的弟弟買臺(tái)電腦。
（6）當(dāng)that 賓語從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時(shí)，that一般不宜省略。如：
?I will never tell anyne that yu have ever been there.
我絕對(duì)不會(huì)告訴別人你曾經(jīng)去過那兒。
（7）當(dāng)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)而把that引導(dǎo)的主語從句位于句首時(shí)，that不可省略。如：
That they wuld take the risk was very clear. 他們將要冒這個(gè)險(xiǎn)是很清楚的了。
（8）當(dāng)主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是固定詞組時(shí)，其賓語that從句中的 that 不宜省略。如：
?Mary has made up her mind that she will study hard fr the schlarship, s she can have the chance t g abrad fr further study.
瑪麗下定決心努力學(xué)習(xí)以獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金資格，這樣她就有機(jī)會(huì)出國(guó)深造了。
（9）當(dāng)that 賓語從句前有 it作其形式賓語時(shí)，that不可省略。如：
We think it imprtant that cllege students shuld master at least ne freign language.
我們認(rèn)為大學(xué)生至少掌握一門外語是很重要的。
（10）當(dāng)引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)，that一般不可省略，尤其當(dāng)that與先行詞處于分割情況時(shí)。如：
?He heard the news that his team had wn.
他聽到了他的隊(duì)獲勝的消息。
?There is a feeling in me that they are cheating me.
我有一種感覺他們?cè)隍_我。
（11）當(dāng)that 賓語從句的主語是非謂語動(dòng)詞或是主語從句時(shí)，that不可省略。如：
The dctr said that taking exercise was the best way f lsing weight.
醫(yī)生說運(yùn)動(dòng)是最好的減肥方式。
考向二 主語從句
1.主語從句在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語，大多數(shù)主語從句都可以用it作形式主語而把主語從句置于句尾。
2.that引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)可用it作形式主語，that不可??；what引導(dǎo)的主語從句表示＂……的東西＂時(shí)，一般不用it作形式主語；whatever，whever，whichever一般也不用it作形式主語。
?That she will succeed is certain.
常見的it替代that引導(dǎo)的主語從句的句式主要有以下幾種：
(1)It＋系動(dòng)詞＋形容詞(necessary，right，likely，unlikely，wrng，imprtant，certain，clear，bvius，strange，nrmal等)＋that從句
?It is certain that mst f the farmers have brught in mre mney by all means.
(2)It＋be＋名詞(短語)(a pity，a shame，gd news，a fact，an hnur，a wnder，n wnder等)＋that從句
It’s n wnder that yu’ve achieved s much success.
(3)It＋be＋過去分詞(said，tld，heard，reprted，decided，suggested，advised，rdered，remembered，thught，cnsidered，well-knwn，annunced等)＋that從句
?It is said that the prfessr has already succeeded in carrying ut the experiment.
(4)It＋特殊動(dòng)詞(seem，appear，happen，matter)＋that從句
?It happened t me that I had been away when he called.
?It is certain that she will succeed.
注意：(1)在＂It is necessary/imprtant/strange/natural...＋that從句＂結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句謂語常用＂(shuld＋)動(dòng)詞原形＂形式。
【拓展延伸】主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞
【特別注意】當(dāng)作主語的句子太長(zhǎng)時(shí)，為保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主語，而將真正的主語置后。if＂是否＂，不可直接引導(dǎo)主語從句(用it作形式主語時(shí)可以) 。
3. 主語從句的特殊用法
（1）主語從句與定語從句的轉(zhuǎn)換
?What is needed has been bught.
?All that is needed has been bught.
所有需要的都被買了。
（2）幾個(gè)特殊句型之間的轉(zhuǎn)換
?It is knwn t all that China has jined the WTO.
As is knwn t all, China has jined the WTO.
What is knwn t all is that China has jined the WTO.
眾所周知，中國(guó)已加入WTO。
1.(2018·天津卷·單項(xiàng)填空)The gld medal will be awarded ___________t wins the first place in the bicycle race.
A. whmever B. wherever
C. whever D. whatever
【參考答案】C
2.（2017·北京卷·單項(xiàng)填空） Every year, ________ makes the mst beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whever
C. whmever D. whichever
【參考答案】B
【答案解析】考查主語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，________ makes the mst beautiful kite作主語，且所填詞指人，既作從句的主語又作主句的主語，所以選 whever(whmever不能作主語)。句意：每年， 在風(fēng)箏節(jié)上風(fēng)箏做得最漂亮的人都會(huì)贏得獎(jiǎng)品。
3.（2016·江蘇卷·單項(xiàng)填空）It is ften the case ____________ anything is pssible fr thse wh hang n t hpe.
A. whyB. whatC. asD. that
【參考答案】D
考向三賓語從句
【難點(diǎn)梳理】
引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連接詞主要有：
連接詞：that，whether，if等
連接代詞：what，wh，whse，whatever，whichever，whever等
連接副詞：when，where，why，hw等
1. 連接詞that，whether，if引導(dǎo)
I think (that) yu shuld turn t the teacher fr help. 我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該向老師尋求幫助。
I dn’t knw if/whether he still lives here after s many years. 我不知道這么多年后他是否還住在這兒。
2. 連接代詞what，wh，whse，whatever，whichever，whever等引導(dǎo)
She asked me whse handwriting was the best in the class. 她問我班上誰的書法最好。
I’ll just say whatever cmes int my mind. 我想到什么就說什么。
3. 連接副詞when，where，why，hw等引導(dǎo)
D yu knw when the ancient Olympic Games began? 你知道古代的奧運(yùn)會(huì)是什么時(shí)間開始的嗎?
I’ve been thinking abut hw we can make the newspaper mre interesting. 我一直在考慮如何使我們的報(bào)紙更用趣。
4. 賓語從句的語序
在賓語從句中要用陳述句語序。
He asked me when we culd set ut the next day. 他問我第二天什么時(shí)候可以出發(fā)。
Did yu find ut where she lst her car? 你查出她在哪里丟的車了嗎?
5. 賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)
（1）當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)，其賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)可以是任何適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)。
She says (that) she wrks frm Mnday t Friday. 她說她周一至周五上班。(從句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))
she says (that) she will leave a message n his desk. 她說她要在他桌子上留個(gè)便條。(從句是一般將來時(shí))
She says (that) she has never been t Munt Emei. 她說她從來沒有去過峨眉山。(從句是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))
（2）當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)時(shí)，其賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)一般要用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^去時(shí)態(tài)。
He said there were n classes yesterday afternn. 他說昨天下午沒有課。(從句是一般過去時(shí))
He said that he was ging t take care f the baby. 他說他會(huì)去照看這個(gè)嬰兒。(從句是過去將來時(shí))
He said that they were having a meeting at that time. 他說他們那時(shí)正在開會(huì)。(從句是過去進(jìn)行時(shí))
（3）當(dāng)賓語從句是表達(dá)客觀真理和規(guī)律的句子時(shí)，其時(shí)態(tài)仍舊用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
The teacher tld us that nthing is difficult if we put ur hearts int it. 老師告訴我們世上無難事，只怕有心人。
He said that light travels much faster than sund. 他說光比聲音傳播得快。
注意：在使用賓語從句時(shí)需要注意下面幾點(diǎn)：
①動(dòng)詞find，feel，think，cnsider，make，believe，guess，suppse，assume等后有賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，則需要用it作形式賓語，而將that賓語從句后置。
I think it necessary that we take plenty f biled water every day. 我認(rèn)為每天多喝開水是有必要的。
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天寫日記成了慣例。
②hate，like，take，we，have，take fr granted等表示＂喜歡；痛恨；認(rèn)為＂的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語和see t表示＂注意，留意＂后有賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，需要用it作形式賓語而將賓語從句后置。
I hate it when they talk with their muth full f fd. 我討厭他們滿嘴食物說話。
When yu start the engine, yu must see t it that the car is in neutral. 啟動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)時(shí)，一定要使汽車的離合器處于空檔位置。
③介詞后的賓語從句。
She is always thinking f hw she can d mre fr thers. 她總想著如何才能為別人做得更多。
We are talking abut whether we admit students int ur club.
我們正在討論是否讓學(xué)生加入我們的俱樂部。
④賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移。將think，believe，suppse，expect，fancy，imagine等動(dòng)詞后面賓語從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用肯定式。
I dn’t think I knw yu. 我想我并不認(rèn)識(shí)你。
I dn’t believe he will cme. 我相信他不會(huì)來。
【巧學(xué)妙記】
1.（2018·全國(guó)新課標(biāo)卷II·短文改錯(cuò)）The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned ut t be very useful later in my life.
【參考答案】where改為when
2.（2018·全國(guó)新課標(biāo)卷III·語法填空）I'm nt sure _____61_____ is mre frightened, me r the female grilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears ut f nwhere. I'm walking n a path in the frest in the Central African Republic.
【參考答案】which/wh
【答案解析】考查賓語從句。句意：我不確定哪一個(gè)更害怕，我，還是突然出現(xiàn)的雌性大猩猩。此處為賓語從句，空格處表示選擇，所以用which或者wh”
3. (2017·天津卷·單項(xiàng)填空) She asked me ________ I had returned the bks t the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.
A. when B. where
C. whether D. what
【參考答案】C
4.（2016·全國(guó)新課標(biāo)卷I·短文改錯(cuò)）My uncle is the wner f a restaurant clse t that I live.
【參考答案】that → where
【答案解析】考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。介詞后面的賓語從句缺少狀語，根據(jù)句意判斷此處表示地點(diǎn)。故把that改為where。
考向四表語從句
引導(dǎo)表語從句的連接詞主要有：
連接詞：that，whether
連接代詞：wh，whm，whse，which，what，whever whmever，whichever，whatever
連接副詞：when，where，hw，why
1. 連接詞引導(dǎo)
?The reasn fr his absence is that he hasn’t been infrmed. 他缺席的原因就是他沒接到通知。
?The questin remains whether they will be able t help us. 問題還是他們能否幫我們。
2. 連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)
?The prblem is wh will take charge f this shp. 問題是誰將接管這家店鋪。
?That is when I realized the imprtance f jurnalism. 那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到新聞工作的重要性。
注意：
（1）as/as if/as thugh引導(dǎo)的表語從句常跟在特定動(dòng)詞后面，如seem，appear，lk，taste，sund，feel等。
?It sunds as if smene is kncking at the dr. 聽上去好像有人在敲門。
?At that time, it seemed as thugh I culdn’t think f the right wrd. 當(dāng)時(shí)我似乎怎么也想不出一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)淖盅蹃怼?br>（2）當(dāng)主句的主語是reasn時(shí)，表語從句一般由that引導(dǎo)，這種用法常見于句型The reasn why... is that...
?The reasn why he came late was that he gt up late. 他來得晚是因?yàn)槠鸫餐砹恕?br>1.(2018·北京卷·單項(xiàng)填空) Withut his supprt, we wuldn’t be _________ we are nw.
A. hw B. when C. where D. why
【參考答案】C
2.（2016·北京卷·單項(xiàng)填空） The mst pleasant thing f the rainy seasn is ________ ne can be entirely free frm dust.
A. whatB. thatC. whetherD. why
【參考答案】 B
【試題解析】 考查表語從句。句意：雨季最令人愉悅的就是人們可以完全不再受到灰塵的困擾。is后跟從句作表語，即表語從句，表語從句不缺少主語、謂語和賓語，因此用that，that只起引導(dǎo)作用，故選B。
考向五同位語從句
1. 同位語從句跟在名詞后面，進(jìn)一步解釋、說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。同位語從句常跟在名詞idea, fact, news, hpe, thught, suggestin等抽象名詞之后；
2. 連接詞that不能省略，無意義無成分；
3. 用whether而不用if引導(dǎo)同位語從句；
4. 連接代詞wh(m), which, what，whse在從句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語；
5. 連接副詞where, when, why, hw在從句作狀語。
6.分割式同位語從句：同位語從句有時(shí)被別的詞或短語把它和名詞隔開：（謂語較短，同位語從句較長(zhǎng)）。
?The stry ges that William Tell did kill the king with that swrd.
7.若被同位語從句說明的名詞是：advice, suggestin, prpsal(建議), demand, request, requirement, rder(命令)等表示建議、命令、要求的詞時(shí)，同位語從句的謂語用"(shuld)+d"。
8.區(qū)別由that 引導(dǎo)的定語從句和同位語從句：
①定語從句中的that是代詞，可在從句中作主、賓、表；同位語從句中的that是連詞，無成分無意義；
②定語從句——說明先行詞的性質(zhì)與特征，與先行詞是修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系；
同位語從句——對(duì)名詞即先行詞加以補(bǔ)充說明，是名詞全部?jī)?nèi)容的體現(xiàn)。
③在名詞和從句之間加be, 使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)新句子，如果合乎邏輯，句子通順，則是同位語從句，定語從句是不能用系表結(jié)構(gòu)把先行詞與從句連接起來的。
1. The nly way t succeed at the highest level is t have ttal belief yu are better than anyne else n the sprts field.
hw B. that
C. whichD. whether
【參考答案】B
2.News came frm the schl ffice ______ Wang Lin had been admitted t Peking University.
A. which B. that
C. what D. where
【參考答案】B
【答案解析】考查同位語從句。本題屬于分割式同位語從句，謂語came較短，同位語從句較長(zhǎng)，名詞和同位語從句被frm the schl ffice 分開，that 引導(dǎo)同位語從句Wang Lin had been admitted t Beijing University解釋news的內(nèi)容，在句中起引導(dǎo)作用，沒有具體的意思。故選B。
題組一 基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)
Ⅰ.用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空
1. （2017·新課標(biāo)卷I）The hmewner called t say ________ the parents had respnded t the recrdings..
2. （2017·新課標(biāo)卷I）What I’m hping t accmplish is ________ my generatin and yunger start t recnsider and understand _________ jazz is nt black and write anymre.
3. （2017·新課標(biāo)卷III）The Yellwstne wlf prject has been a valuable experiment t help bilgists decide _________ t reintrduce wlves t ther parts f the cuntry as well.
4. （2017·北京卷）What culd be mre fun than a gift that keeps cming thrugh the letterbx every mnth?
5.He hasn’t made ________ knwn when he is ging t get married.
6.The plice went t the suspect’s huse and searched fr ________ they culd find t prve him guilty.
7.The questin ________ it is right r wrng depends n the result.
8.As the spkeswman said，________ we shuld take actin against them depends n what they will d.
9.—Smething shuld be dne t imprve the wrsening air quality.
—Yes.________ pllutes the air shall pay a high price.
10.The news ________ we are having a hliday tmrrw is nt true.
Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)
1.After lking at the ty fr sme time，he turned arund and fund where his parents were missing.
2.Whever was respnsible fr the accident is nt yet clear.
3.We never dubt whether he is hnest.
4.If she cmes r nt desn’t cncern me.
5.I feel it a terrible thing which my mther shuld have t til s endlessly.
6.The fact is what he didn’t ntice the car until t late.
7.The reasn why he was late was because he didn’t catch the early bus.
8.Yur brther’s health is nt which it used t be.
9.Obviusly there was little prbability which they wuld succeed，but they didn’t mind.
10.The prpsal has been put frward what the flight shuld be cancelled.
題組二 能力提升
= 1 \* ROMAN I.單項(xiàng)填空
1. ______________ Tm will win the cmputer cmpetitin remains a secret till next Mnday.
A.WhenB.That
C.WhatD.Whether
2. ______________ that the Chinese gvernment plans t end its ne-child plicy and instead let families have tw children.
A.It was reprtedB.What was reprted
C.It has reprtedD.As was reprted
3. It is said ______________ the picture shws a Chinese girl standing by the river under a tree, seemingly listening t a bird singing.
A.whichB.as
C.whatD.that
4. He asked ______________.
A.hw much did the iPhne 7 cstB.hw much the iPhne 7 csts
C.what was the price f the iPhne 7D.what the price f iPhne 7 was
5. There will be a bw and arrw cmpetitin ______________ t retell ______________ the Plains Indians used t hunt fr fd.
A.designed；whatB.designing；hw
C.designing；whatD.designed；hw
6. Peple are nw eager t find ut ______________ the little by survived the terrible disaster.
A.hw is it thatB.that it is hw
C.that is it hwD.hw it is that
7. He was seriusly ill. That is ______________ he didn’t cme yesterday.
A.whyB.the reasnC.becauseD.fr what
8. The reasn why yu get int a panic is ______________ yu haven’t been well prepared fr what’s ging t happen.
A.thatB.whatC.whyD.because
9. _________difficult the task may be, we must finish it n time, because there is a pssibility_________ we’ll be fired if we can’t.
A.Whatever; thatB.Hwever; that
C.Whatever; whichD.Hwever; as
10. _________he tld Tm’s parents was the news _________Tm had been admitted t a key university, _________, f curse, made them feel very excited.
A.What; which; whichB.That; that; which
C.What; that; whichD.That; that; what
= 2 \* ROMAN II.語篇填空
I am ging t tell yu an unbelievable thing __1__happened in my restaurant tday.
This afternn a prly－dressed gentleman came int my restaurant. Nbdy knew __2__he was. We wndered __3__he was s hungry. We were surprised __4__he finished tw rders f fd in a very limited time.We dubted __5__the man was able t pay the bill. The gentleman asked __6__we wuld mind waiting fr just a few minutes. Then we were shcked t see__7__he tk ut f an envelpe—a millin pund bank nte.
I asked Mr. Clements__8__it was genuine. Mr.Clements said it was true because tw f this amunt had been issued by the Bank f England this year. He thught __9__the gentleman shwed them culdn’t be a fake.
__10__a gentleman with a millin pund nte was in rags and ate in ur small restaurant was a big puzzle t all the peple there. I really culdn’t describe hw excited I was.
III.語法填空
Dear helpful Hannah,
I’ve gt a prblem with my husband, Sam. He bught a smart phne last mnth and tk it during ur hliday. He has a cnstant urge 1 (check) text messages. He’s s addicted t it that he checks his phne every five minutes! He checks it at 2 (apprpriate) times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking t him! He 3 (behave) as if any small amunt f bredm can make him feel the need t check his phne, even when he knws he shuldn’t. The temptatin t see 4 is cnnecting him is just t great. When I ask him t put dwn the phne, he says, "In a minute" , 5 still checks t see if smene has psted smething new n the Internet. Our life 6 (interrupt). It is clear that his dependency n the smart phne has becme mre than 7 everyday prblem.
I 8 (recent) read an article abut "nmphbia", which is a real 9 (ill) — peple can’t stand the fear f having n phnes! I am wrried that Sam maybe suffering 10 this illness because he feels anxius if he desn’t have his phne with him, even fr a shrt time.
Wuld yu please tell me what I can d t help him?
Sick and Tired Sadie
題組三體驗(yàn)真題
1.(2018·北京) This is _________ my father has taught me—t always face difficulties and hpe fr the best.
A. hw B. which C. that D. what
2.(2018·江蘇) By bat is the nly way t get here, which is _______ we arrived.
A. where B. whenC. why D. hw
3.(2017·江蘇) We chse this htel because the price fr a night here is dwn t $20，half f ________ it used t charge.
A. that B. which
C. what D. hw
4.（2016·北京）Yur supprt is imprtant t ur wrk. ______________ yu can d helps.
A. Hwever B. Whever
C. WhateverD. Wherever
5.（2015·北京）I truly believe ______________ beauty cmes frm within.
A. thatB. where
C. whatD. why
6. (2016·江蘇)It is ften the case _________ anything is pssible fr thse wh hang n t hpe.
A. whyB. whatC. asD. that
7. (2016·四川)_________ yu said at the meeting describes a bright future fr the cmpany.
A. When B. Hw C. What D. That
8. (2014?北京)Sme peple believe _________ has happened befre r is happening nw will repeat itself in the future.
A. whatever B. whenever. C. wherever D. hwever
9.(2016·天津) The manager put frward a suggestin _________ we shuld have an assistant. There is t much wrk t d.
A. whether B. that C. which D. what
10. (2016·上海)Eventually, I decided t fllw her and _________ happened truly amazed me. She was taking the fd t the refugee camp, in which she distributed it t children.
題組一 基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)
Ⅰ.用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空
1. that 2.that; that 3.whether4.What; that5.it
6.whatever 7.whether 8.whether 9.Whever 10.that
Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)
1.where→that 2.Whever→Wh 3.去掉whether 4.If→Whether
5.which→that 6.what→that 7.because→that 8.which→what
9.which→that10.what→whether
題組二 能力提升
= 1 \* ROMAN I.單項(xiàng)填空
1. D 【解析】考查主語從句。句意：湯姆是否能贏得電腦比賽直到下周一才能知道。remain前面是主語從句，根據(jù)句意可知用whether引導(dǎo)，表示＂是否＂。故選D。
4. D 【解析】考查賓語從句的語序和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他問iPhne7的價(jià)格是多少。He asked后面是賓語從句，賓語從句要用陳述語序，而且因?yàn)橹骶涫沁^去時(shí)，從句也應(yīng)該是過去時(shí)。故選D。
5. D 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞及賓語從句。句意：將會(huì)有一個(gè)弓箭比賽，專門用來重現(xiàn)平原印第安人是如何獵取食物的。design與cmpetitin之間為邏輯被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用過去分詞作定語；根據(jù)句意可知，第二空為retell的賓語從句，從句中缺少方式狀語，應(yīng)使用hw＂如何……＂。故選D。
6. D 【解析】考查連詞和語序。句意：人們現(xiàn)在急切地想弄清楚，這個(gè)小男孩是如何幸免于這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難的。根據(jù)句意，由hw引導(dǎo)賓語從句；賓語從句中運(yùn)用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，同時(shí)賓語從句要用陳述語序。故選D。
7. A 【解析】考查連詞。句意：他病得很重，那就是他昨天沒有來的原因。所以用why引導(dǎo)表語從句，why在從句中作原因狀語。故選A。
8. A 【解析】考查表語從句。句意：你之所以恐慌是因?yàn)槟銢]有為要發(fā)生的事作好準(zhǔn)備。The reasn why... is that...＂……的原因是……＂，其中why引導(dǎo)定語從句，并在從句中作原因狀語，that引導(dǎo)表語從句，僅起連接作用。
10.C 【解析】考查混合復(fù)合句。句意：他告訴Tm的父母的是Tm已經(jīng)被一所重點(diǎn)大學(xué)錄取的消息，當(dāng)然，這讓他們感到很興奮。第一個(gè)空用What作tld的賓語構(gòu)成主語從句;第二個(gè)空用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，說明news的具體內(nèi)容；第三個(gè)空用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。故選C。
= 2 \* ROMAN II.語篇填空
1.that 2.wh 3.why 4.that 5.whether/if
6.whether/if 7.that 8.whether/if 9.what 10.Why
III.語法填空
【文章大意】作者的丈夫Sam沉迷于手機(jī)，即便在度假期間，他每隔幾分鐘也要查看一下手機(jī)，這嚴(yán)重影響了他們正常的生活。
1.t check
【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處含有an urge t d sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，名詞urge后常跟動(dòng)詞不定式，故此處應(yīng)填t check。
2.inapprpriate
【解析】考查詞義轉(zhuǎn)換。 此處表示他在不合適的時(shí)間看手機(jī)，比如我們?cè)诓宛^吃飯我正和他說話的時(shí)候。結(jié)合語境可知，本空應(yīng)填apprpriate的反義詞inapprpriate"不適當(dāng)?shù)?，不合適的"。
3.behaves
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語境可知，此處作者在描述她丈夫的日常行為，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
4.wh
【解析】考查名詞性從句。根據(jù)語境"查看誰在和他聯(lián)系的誘惑是如此強(qiáng)烈"可知，see后的賓語從句缺少主語，故填連接代詞wh。
5.but
【解析】考查連詞?？崭袂昂髢删湓捴g為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞but。
6.is interrupted
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，life與interrupt之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。全文的主體時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故本句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
7.an
【解析】考查冠詞。此處prblem為可數(shù)名詞，其前應(yīng)用冠詞，又因?yàn)閑veryday的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，所以用an。
8.recently
【解析】考查副詞。此處應(yīng)用副詞作狀語，故填recently"最近"。
9.illness
【解析】考查名詞。由本空前的a real可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞illness "疾病"。
10.frm
【解析】考查介詞。此處存在固定短語suffer frm"遭受，患有……，為……所苦"。
題組三體驗(yàn)真題
1.D
2.D
【解析】考查名詞性從句。句意：乘船是到達(dá)這里唯一的途徑，這就是我們?nèi)绾蔚竭_(dá)的。分析which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句可知，后面為表語從句。分析句意可知，這里用連接副詞hw引導(dǎo)表語從句，充當(dāng)方式狀語，表示“如何”。故選D。
3.C
【解析】考查名詞性從句。分析句子可知介詞f后跟由what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，what在從句中作charge的賓語，故選C項(xiàng)。句意：我們之所以選擇這家酒店，是因?yàn)檫@里的價(jià)格低至20美元一晚，是過去收費(fèi)的一半。
4.C
【解析】考查主語從句。helps是謂語，＂_________ yu can d＂是主語部分，即主語從句，在主語從句中，d后缺少賓語，表示＂任何事情＂，因此用whatever引導(dǎo)，故選C。
5.A
【解析】考查賓語從句。句意：我很相信美麗源自于內(nèi)心。從句部分不缺少任何成分，因此用that起到連接作用，that也可以省略。故選A。
6. D
【解析】考查主語從句。句意：通常，對(duì)于那些心存希望的人來說一切皆有可能。此句中It為形式主語，that從句為真正的主語。故D項(xiàng)正確。
6. C
【解析】分析句子可知，describes是主句的謂語動(dòng)詞，那么________ yu said at the meeting是主語從句，所填詞引導(dǎo)主語從句，且在從句中作said的賓語，表示＂什么＂，故選C。
7. A
8.B
【解析】句意：經(jīng)理提出一個(gè)建議，我們應(yīng)該有個(gè)助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位語從句說明suggestin的內(nèi)容，而且同位語從句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引導(dǎo)，that不作成分，只是起著連接的作用。故選B。
10. what
【解析】考查主語從句。此處what引導(dǎo)主語從句，what在從句中作happened的賓語，表示＂什么，事情＂。句意：最終，我決定跟著她，發(fā)生的事情真的讓我很驚訝……
引導(dǎo)詞
作用
引導(dǎo)詞
作用
that
無詞義，在從句中不充當(dāng)成分，但不能省略
hw
多么，怎樣，作方式狀語或程度狀語
wh
誰，作主語、賓語
when
何時(shí)，作時(shí)間狀語
whm
誰，作賓語
where
在哪兒，作地點(diǎn)狀語
what
什么，可作主語、賓語、表語、定語
why
為什么，作原因狀語
which
哪一個(gè)，哪些，作主語、賓語、定語
whether
是否
注意：
whether/if都意為＂是否＂。一般情況下，它們可以互換，口語中常用if，但以下情況中，只能用whether。
（1）與r nt緊接連用時(shí)。
Let me knw whether r nt yu can cme. 請(qǐng)讓我知道你是否能來。
（2）作介詞的賓語從句時(shí)。
We are interested in whether yu will attend the meeting. 我們對(duì)你是否參加會(huì)議感興趣。
賓語從句的用法速記口訣
賓語從句須注意，幾點(diǎn)事項(xiàng)應(yīng)牢記。
一是關(guān)鍵引導(dǎo)詞，不同句子詞相異。
陳述句子用that；一般疑問是否（if，whether）替；
特殊問句更好辦，引導(dǎo)還用疑問詞。
二是時(shí)態(tài)常變化，主句不同從句異。
主句若為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)看意；
主句若為過去時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)向前移。
三是語序要記清，從句永保陳述序。

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