
Secndly, there is a “rutine”, the regular actin yu take in respnse t the cue.(教材P14)其次,有一個(gè)“慣例”,即你對提示作出的有規(guī)律的反應(yīng)。
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
With the help f his teammate, the peratr made a quick respnse t the event.
在他的隊(duì)友的幫助下,這個(gè)操作員對事件作出了快速的反應(yīng)。
During the utbreak f the nvel crnavirus pneumnia disease, China rse up t the challenge and respnded t it bravely.
在新型冠狀病毒肺炎疫情暴發(fā)期間,中國迎難而上,勇敢應(yīng)對此次挑戰(zhàn)。
歸納拓展
eq \\ac(○,1)make a respnse ________ 對……作出回應(yīng)
eq \\ac(○,2)make n respnse沒有回應(yīng)
eq \\ac(○,3)respnd v.回答;作出反應(yīng)
eq \\ac(○,4)________ 回答,回復(fù);對…作出反應(yīng)
鏈接高考
單句語法填空
1-1(2019天津,完形填空,★★)This ne stranger respnded beautifully ________ my small crisis, but she actually wasn’t the nly ne.
1-2(2018北京,七選五,★★)Nt everyne acts the same ________ respnse t events…
1-3(2018江蘇,閱讀理解D改編,★★)Yungsters felt their friendships culd be at risk if they did nt ________ (respnse) t scial media psts quickly, and arund the clck.
1-4(2016北京,閱讀理解D改編,★★★)The tendency fr universities t mnitr and shape student behavir runs up against anther characteristic f yung adults: the respnse t ________ (cntrl) by their elders.
知識(shí)點(diǎn)2 reward n.回報(bào);獎(jiǎng)勵(lì);報(bào)酬w獎(jiǎng)勵(lì);獎(jiǎng)賞;給以報(bào)酬
Thirdly, there is the “reward”, the gd thing r feeling we get frm the rutine.(教材P14)第三,有“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)”,即我們從慣例中得到的好的東西或好的感覺。
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
The sldier received a medal in reward fr his bravery in fighting the frest fire that brke ut in Liangshan, Sichuan Prvince.
這名戰(zhàn)士因在爆發(fā)于四川涼山的森林大火中的英勇表現(xiàn)而獲得一枚獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆?br>The cmpany gave/ffered a reward t him fr his psitive attitude.
公司因他積極的態(tài)度給予了他獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。
The bss rewarded him with a trip t China fr his cntributins.
因?yàn)樗呢暙I(xiàn)老板獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)他一次去中國的旅行。
易混辨析
歸納拓展
eq \\ac(○,1)in reward(________...)作為(對……的)回報(bào)
eq \\ac(○,2)as a reward(fr.)作為(對…的)回報(bào)/酬謝/報(bào)答
eq \\ac(○,3)give/ffer a reward t sb. ________ sth.因某事而給某人獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)
eq \\ac(○,4)reward sb.(________ sth.)(________ sth.)(因某事而)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)某人(某物)
eq \\ac(○,5)rewarding adj.有益的,值得做的
單句語法填空
2-1(2019課標(biāo)全國Ⅲ,閱讀理解D,★★)If the mnkeys tuched the left side f the screen they wuld be rewarded ________ seven drps f water r juice…
2-2(2019課標(biāo)全國Ⅲ,閱讀理解D改編,★★)The three mnkeys were trained t assciate different symbls with 0-25 drps f water r juice ________ a reward.
2-3(2018北京,3,★★)Traveling alng the ld Silk Rad is an interesting and ________ (reward) experience.
2-4(2018課標(biāo)全國Ⅲ,閱讀理解B,★★)Fr many wh made it t Dawsn, hwever, the ________ (reward) were wrth the difficult trip.
2-5(2016江蘇,閱讀理解B改編,★★)Anther reasn is that the helping behavirs are nt imprved if the children ________ (reward).
2-6(2016北京,30,★★)The students have been wrking hard n their lessns and their effrts ________ (reward) with success in the end.
知識(shí)點(diǎn)3 rely n依賴;依靠;信賴
The reward makes us much mre likely t cntinue the cycle, and the bad habit f relying n unhealthy snacks is frmed.(教材Pl5)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)使我們更有可能繼續(xù)這樣的循環(huán),依賴不健康的小吃的壞習(xí)慣就形成了。
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Yu may rely n it that she can earn her living.
你可以放心,她可以自食其力。
Farmers can rely n/upn ducks t prtect crps because ne duck can eat 200 lcusts in a day.
農(nóng)民可以依靠鴨子來保護(hù)莊稼,因?yàn)橐恢圾喿用刻炜梢猿缘?00只蝗蟲。
Facial expressins are nt reliable and cannt be used t reliably cnvey emtins in crss-cultural situatins.
面部表情是不可靠的,在跨文化的情況下不能被用來可靠地表達(dá)情感。
歸納拓展
eq \\ac(○,1)rely n/upn sb. ________ sth.信賴/依靠某人做某事
eq \\ac(○,2)rely n ________ that…相信……,指望……
eq \\ac(○,3)________ adj.可靠的,可信任的
eq \\ac(○,4)________ adv.可依賴地,可信任地
完成句子
3-1(2019北京,完形填空,★★)有些學(xué)生沒有一輛可靠的汽車,而其他人不得不與一周工作6天的父母共用車輛。
Sme students dn’t have ________ ________ ________, while thers have t share vehicles with parents wh wrk six days a week.
單句語法填空
3-2(2017課標(biāo)全國Ⅲ,閱讀理解D改編,★★)Driving gives them the freedm t get ut and abut withut having t rely ________ thers.
3-3(2016浙江,6,★)That yung man is hnest, cperative, always there when yu need his help. In shrt, he’s ________ (rely).
3-4(★)Arund the 1960s, the curses f sme water surces it ________ (rely) upn were diverted(使繞道).
知識(shí)點(diǎn)4 make up ne’s mind下定決心
We need t make up ur minds and shw sme discipline, and make small changes ver time.(教材P16)我們需要下定決心,顯示出一些自制力,隨著時(shí)間的推移做出小的改變。
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
She made up her mind t pass dwn the traditinal Beijing Opera.
她下定決心將傳統(tǒng)的京劇傳承下去。
Mary is simple-minded and it's easy t read her mind.
瑪麗頭腦簡單,看出她的心思很容易。
S stubbrn is the ld man that he wn’t change his mind whatever yu say.
這個(gè)老人很固執(zhí),不管你說什么他都不會(huì)改變主意的。
If yu bear/keep smething in mind, that means yu remember it.
如果你把某件事記在心里,意思是你記住了它。
應(yīng)歸納拓展
eq \\ac(○,1)bear/keep sth. ________mind記住……
eq \\ac(○,2)make up ne’s mind ________ sth.下定決心做某事
eq \\ac(○,3)read ne’s mind ________
eq \\ac(○,4)change ne’s mind ________
單句語法填空
4-1(2019課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ,七選五,★★)Yu must keep these pints ________ mind while setting yur gals.
4-2(2017浙江,閱讀理解A,★★)Williams tw bks helped Benjamin t make up his mind ________ (be) a painter.
4-3(2016浙江,完形填空,★★)I made ________ my mind I wuld find ut what was gd in my present situatin…
完成句子
4-4(2019天津,1,★★)——我猜你想去打網(wǎng)球。
——你猜中了我的心思。那也正是我在想的事情。
—I guess yu want t g play tennis.
—Yu ________ ________ ________. That’s exactly what I was thinking t.
知識(shí)點(diǎn)5 disturb vi.打擾;攪亂;使煩惱
It was nt plite t disturb yur neighburs with lud music last night.(教材P17)昨晚用大聲的音樂打擾你的鄰居是不禮貌的。
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
Peple were disturbed abut the lack f epidemic preventin materials in the USA,which was really disturbing, and the prblem disturbed nearly every American.
人們對美國防疫物資的缺乏感到不安,這的確令人不安,并且這個(gè)問題幾乎令每個(gè)美國人都感到不安。
易混辨析
歸納拓展
eq \\ac(○,1)disturb sb. with sth.用某事打擾某人
eq \\ac(○,2)________ adj.引起煩惱的,令人不安的
eq \\ac(○,3)________ adj.煩惱的,心煩意亂的
eq \\ac(○,4)be disturbed ________ sth.因……而感到心神不安
eq \\ac(○,5)disturbance n.干擾;騷亂
單句語法填空
5-1(2019課標(biāo)全國I,完形填空,★★)Hwever, I sn discver that much has changed since the days f ________ (disturb) reprts f camps amng tns f rubbish.
5-2(2018江蘇,閱讀理解C,★★)If yu want ________ (disturb) the car industry, yu’d better have a few billin dllars…
5-3(★★)Neighbrs shuld d all they can t avid ________ (disturb) ther peple, but there are times when sme level f ________ (disturb) is unavidable.
翻譯句子
5-4(2017課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ,七選五,★★★)If smene kncks and it’s nt an imprtant matter, excuse yurself and let the persn knw yu're busy s they can get the hint(暗示)that when the dr is clsed,yu're nt t be disturbed.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
知識(shí)點(diǎn)6 stress ut焦慮不安;疲憊不堪
After starting high schl, I felt stressed ut and always relaxed by playing cmputer games.(教材P20)開始高中生活后,我感到焦慮不安,總是通過玩電腦游戲來放松。
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
I think I’ve gt ne f the mst stressful jbs there is.
我想我找到了一個(gè)壓力最大的工作。
He lked like he was under a lt f stress the last time we met.
我們上次見面時(shí),他看起來壓力很大。
When we get stressed, we tend t breathe mre quickly.
當(dāng)我們變得焦慮不安時(shí),我們往往會(huì)呼吸得更快。
歸納拓展
eq \\ac(○,1)stress n.壓力;緊張;重音;強(qiáng)調(diào)
eq \\ac(○,2)________ stress在壓力下
eq \\ac(○,3)lay stress n注重,重視;把重點(diǎn)放在
eq \\ac(○,4)________ adj.(事物)壓力重的,緊張的
eq \\ac(○,5)________ adj.(人)焦慮不安的
eq \\ac(○,6)be stressed ut感到緊張的;有壓力的
單句語法填空
6-1(2016課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ,語法填空,★★)If yu feel ________ (stress) by respnsibilities at wrk, yu shuld take a step back and identify(識(shí)別)thse f greatness and less imprtance.
6-2(★)Peple learn better abut psitive than negative utcmes ________ stress.
6-3(★★)Wrkers with access t nature at the ffice—even simple views f trees and flwers—felt their jbs were less ________ (stress) and mre satisfying.
翻譯句子
6-4(2019課標(biāo)全國I,七選五,★★)It turns ut that just lking at green, grwing things can reduce stress, lwer bld pressure…
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
知識(shí)點(diǎn)7 wrn ut筋疲力盡的;疲憊的
Playing was fun, but I felt even mre wrn ut afterwards!(教材P20)
玩兒是有趣的,但后來我覺得甚至更累了!
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
If yu treat yur cat s rughly, it will be wrn ut sn.
如果你這樣粗暴地對待你的外套,它很快就會(huì)穿壞的。
It is said that the clth wears well, s it sells very well.
據(jù)說這種布耐穿,所以很暢銷。
Sme kids cmplained that the nline classes have ttally wrn them ut.
些孩子抱怨說,網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程已經(jīng)完全把他們累壞了。
歸納拓展
eq \\ac(○,1)wear vt.&ⅵ.穿,戴;磨損;留,蓄;面露;耐用
eq \\ac(○,2)wear ________用壞,穿破;磨損
eq \\ac(○,3)swear sb. ut________; 使厭煩
eq \\ac(○,4)wear________ 耐用,耐穿,耐磨
eq \\ac(○,5)wear a lng face拉長臉
eq \\ac(○,6)wear a beard留胡須
單句語法填空
7-1(2018江蘇,完形填空,★★★)Our hair was fried and falling ut, nails brken, clthes ________ (wear) t a thread, but we were alive.
7-2(★)In ur mdern wrld, when smething ________ (wear) ut, we thrw it away and buy a new ne.
7-3(★★)Yet, ur cells might wear ________, and as a result, we get ld and eventually die.
完成句子
7-4(★)The children, all f whm had played the whle day lng, were ________ ________(筋疲力盡).
7-5(★)________ ________ ________ ________ ________(如果鍛煉讓你筋疲力盡), hw can it be gd fr yu?
知識(shí)點(diǎn)8 absrb vt.吸引全部注意力;吸收
Absrbing stress effectively, hwever, yu must be sure t d smething that cmpletely takes yur mind ff everything else.(教材P22)然而,有效地吸收壓力,你必須確保做一些完全把你的注意力從一切其他事情上轉(zhuǎn)移開的
事情。
情景導(dǎo)學(xué)
When absrbed in his wrk, he’d frget everything else.
當(dāng)他全神貫注于工作時(shí),他會(huì)忘記一切其他的事情。
With s much nise utside, I can’t absrb myself in my study.
外面這么吵,我無法專心學(xué)習(xí)。
If yu drink n a full stmach, alchl absrptin is slw.
如果你在飽腹的情況下喝酒,酒精的吸收會(huì)很慢。
歸納拓展
eq \\ac(○,1)absrb ________ in某人全神貫注于/專注于
eq \\ac(○,2)absrb ne’s attentin吸引某人的注意力
eq \\ac(○,3)absrbed adj全神貫注的
eq \\ac(○,4)(be) absrbed ________全神貫注于
eq \\ac(○,5)________ n.吸收;全神貫注
eq \\ac(○,6)表示“全神貫注于”的短語還有:
be lst in全神貫注于;沉浸于
be buried in埋頭于;專心于
be ccupied in忙于
單句語法填空
8-1(2019課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ,閱讀理解D,★★)These kids are s absrbed ________ their studies that I just sit back.
8-2(2018課標(biāo)全國Ⅲ,閱讀理解D,★★)We bth became ________ (absrb) in the simplicity f playing tgether.
8-3(★★)________ (absrb) in painting, Jhn didn’t ntice evening appraching.
8-4(★★)Bth scattering and ________ (absrb) make an bject lk different frm ther bjects arund it s yu can it easily.
翻譯句子
8-5(2019課標(biāo)全國I,七選五,★★)It takes sunscreen abut fifteen minutes t start wrking, and that’s plenty f time fr ur skin t absrb a day’s wrth f vitamin D.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
參考答案:
知識(shí)點(diǎn)1
t ④ respnd t
1-1 t考查介詞。句意:這個(gè)陌生人對我的小危機(jī)作了一個(gè)很漂亮的回應(yīng),但實(shí)際上她并不是唯一這樣做的。respnd t對…作出反應(yīng)。
1-2 in考查介詞。句意:不是每個(gè)人對事件的反應(yīng)都是一樣的……。in respnse t對……作出回應(yīng)。
1-3 respnd考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:年輕人覺得如果他們沒有快速地、夜以繼日地回復(fù)社交媒體的帖子,他們的友誼可能會(huì)受到威脅。句中缺少謂語,所以填respnse的動(dòng)詞形式 respnd。
1-4 being cntrlled考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:大學(xué)監(jiān)控和塑造學(xué)生行為的趨勢與年輕人的另一個(gè)特征——對被長輩控制的反應(yīng)相沖突。設(shè)空處前的t是介詞,因此應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞作賓語,再根據(jù)句意判斷用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式。
知識(shí)點(diǎn)2
fr ③fr ④with;fr
2-1 with考查固定搭配。句意:如果猴子觸碰屏幕的左側(cè),它們將被獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)7滴水或果汁……。be rewarded with...被獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)……
2-2 as考查固定搭配。句意:這三只猴子被訓(xùn)練將不同的符號(hào)與0~25滴水或果汁聯(lián)系起來作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。as a reward作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。
2-3 rewarding考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:沿古老的絲綢之路旅行是一次有趣且有益的經(jīng)歷。分析句子可知設(shè)空處和空前的 Interesting并列,此處應(yīng)填形容詞rewarding,意為“有益的”。
2-4 rewards考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意:然而,對于許多到達(dá)道森的人來說,這次艱難的旅行是值得的。根據(jù)空前的the和空后的were可知此處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。
2-5 are rewarded考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:另一個(gè)原因是,如果孩子得到了獎(jiǎng)勵(lì),他們的幫助行為并沒有得到改善。the children與 reward之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且由句子語境可知此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故填are rewarded。
2-6 will be rewarded考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意學(xué)生們一直都很努力地學(xué)習(xí)功課,最終回報(bào)他們的努力的將是成功。their effrts與 reward之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,and前的分句為現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),表示動(dòng)作從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并且還可能持續(xù)下去,結(jié)合后一分句中的 in the end可知應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
知識(shí)點(diǎn)3
eq \\ac(○,1)t d ②it ③reliable ④reliably
3-1 a reliable car
3-2n/upn考查介詞。句意:開車給了他們外出和四處走動(dòng)的自由,而不必依賴他人。rely n/upn依賴,依靠。
3-3 reliable考查形容詞。句意:那個(gè)年輕人誠實(shí)樂意合作,當(dāng)你需要他的幫助時(shí),他總是在你身邊。簡而言之,他是可靠的。設(shè)空處作表語,應(yīng)用形容詞reliable,意為“可靠的,可信任的”。
3-4 relied考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意:大約在20世紀(jì)60年代,它所依賴的一些水源被改道了。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Arund the1960s可知應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故填 relied。
知識(shí)點(diǎn)4
eq \\ac(○,1)in ②t d ③看出某人的心思 ④某人改變主意
4-1 in考查介詞。句意:當(dāng)你設(shè)定你的目標(biāo)的時(shí)候,你必須記住這些要點(diǎn)。固定短語:keep sth.in mind記住。
4-2 t be考查固定搭配。句意:Williams的兩本書幫助 Benjamin下定決心成為一名畫家。make up ne’s mind t d sth.下定決心做某事。
4-3 up考查固定搭配。句意:我下定決心,我要找出在我目前的情況下什么是好的……。make up ne’s mind下定決心。
4-4 read my mind
知識(shí)點(diǎn)5
eq \\ac(○,2)disturbing ③disturbed ④abut
5-1 disturbing考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:然而,自從那些天的關(guān)于被大量垃圾包圍的營地的讓人不安的報(bào)道以來,我不久就發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)生了很大的變化。設(shè)空處修飾其后的名詞 reprts,結(jié)合句意應(yīng)填形容詞disturbing,意為“令人不安的”。
5-2 t disturb考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:如果你想擾亂汽車行業(yè),你最好有幾十億美元……。want t d sth想要做某事。
5-3 disturbing; disturbance考查非謂語動(dòng)詞和名詞。句意:鄰居應(yīng)該盡其所能避免打擾他人,但有些時(shí)候,某種程度上的干擾是不可避免的。avid ding sth.避免做某事,故第一空應(yīng)填 disturbing。第二空應(yīng)填名詞 disturbance,作介詞f的賓語,意為“干擾”。
5-4 如果有人敲門,而且不是重要的事情,那就給自己找個(gè)借口,讓那個(gè)人知道你很忙,這樣他們就能明白你的暗示,即當(dāng)門是關(guān)著的時(shí)候,你不能被打擾。
知識(shí)點(diǎn)6
eq \\ac(○,2)under ④stressful ⑤stressed
6-1 stressed考查形容詞。句意:如果你因?yàn)楣ぷ魃系呢?zé)任而感到焦慮不安,你應(yīng)該退一步,識(shí)別出那些重大的和不那么重要的事情。此處指人感到焦慮不安,故填 stressed。
6-2 under考查介詞。句意:人們在壓力下更好地認(rèn)識(shí)到積極的結(jié)果,而不是消極的結(jié)果。under stress在壓力下。
6-3 stressful考查形容詞。句意:在辦公室能接觸到大自然的員工,即使是簡單的樹木和鮮花的景色,也會(huì)覺得他們的工作壓力更小,更令人滿意。此處修飾jbs,指事物是有壓力的,故填 stressful。
6-4事實(shí)證明,只是看綠色的、生長著的東西就可以減輕壓力,降低血壓…
知識(shí)點(diǎn)7
eq \\ac(○,2)ut ③使筋疲力盡 ④well
7-1 wrn考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:我們的頭發(fā)被曬壞了并開始脫落,指甲破裂,衣衫破爛不堪,但我們還活著。wear和 clthes之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過去分詞形式,此處過去分詞短語作的是后置定語。
7-2 wears考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:在我們現(xiàn)代社會(huì),當(dāng)某樣?xùn)|西用壞了,我們就把它扔掉,再買一個(gè)新的。根據(jù)句中的 thrw和buy判斷用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語為 smething,故謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式wears。
7-3 ut考查副詞。句意:然而,我們的細(xì)胞可能會(huì)磨損,結(jié)果,我們變老,最終死亡。wear ut用壞,磨損。
7-4 wrn ut
7-5 If exercise wears yu ut
知識(shí)點(diǎn)8
eq \\ac(○,1)neself ④in ⑤absrptin
8-1 in考查介詞。句意:這些孩子如此全神貫注地學(xué)習(xí),以至于我只好在一旁閑著。be absrbed in全神貫注于。
8-2 absrbed考查形容詞。句意:我們兩個(gè)都全神貫注于一起玩耍的簡單中。be/becme absrbed in全神貫注于,故填 absrbed。
8-3 absrbed考查過去分詞作狀語。句意:由于在全神貫注地畫畫,約翰沒有注意到夜幕降臨了。be absrbed in全神貫注于,作狀語時(shí)去掉be動(dòng)詞,故填absrbed。
8-4 absrptin考查名詞。句意:散射和吸收都使一個(gè)物體看起來不同于它周圍的其他物體,所以你可以很容易地看到它。Bth…and…在句中連接兩個(gè)并列主語,根據(jù) scattering可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)該用名詞形式。
8-5防曬霜開始起作用大約需要15分鐘,那段時(shí)間足夠你的皮膚吸收可維持一天的維生素D。reward
多指回報(bào)、報(bào)酬;動(dòng)詞表示“報(bào)答,酬謝”
prize
多指在比賽、競賽或抽獎(jiǎng)中獲得的獎(jiǎng)
award
多指頒發(fā)的獎(jiǎng)品、獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng);動(dòng)詞表示“授予,頒發(fā)”
disturb
指在別人專心做某件事情或休息時(shí)打擾對方
interrupt
指打斷別人的交談或正在進(jìn)行的事情
bther
指麻煩、拜托別人去做對方可能不樂意做的事情
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