A snake﹣rbt designer，a technlgist，an extradimensinal physicist and a jurnalist walk int a rm.The jurnalist turns t the crwd and asks：Shuld we build huses n the cean？Like a think﹣tank panel，members f the team dream up far﹣ut answers t the crucial prblem，such as self﹣driving husing units that culd park n tp f ne anther in the castal city center.
The setting is X，the enterprise which cnsiders mre than 100 ideas each year，in areas ranging frm clean energy t artificial intelligence.Althugh nly a tiny percentage becme "prjects" with far﹣reaching creativity，these prjects exist，ultimately，t change the wrld，like Waym，the biggest self﹣driving﹣car cmpany.In the past 60 years，smething strange has happened.As the academic study f creativity has thrived （蓬勃發(fā)展），the label innvatin may have cvered every tiny change f a sda can r a tthpaste flavr，but the rate f prductivity grwth has been mstly declining since the 1970s.Jhn Fernald，an ecnmist，pints ut that the ntable exceptin t the pst﹣1970 decline in prductivity ccurred when businesses thrughut the ecnmy finally figured ut the breakthrugh technlgy﹣infrmatin technlgy.Jhn Fernald says， "It's pssible that prductivity tk ff，because we picked all the lw﹣hanging fruit frm the IT wave. "Actually，the wrld ecnmy cntinues t harvest the benefits f IT.But where will the next technlgy shck cme frm？
Breakthrugh technlgy results frm tw distinct activities﹣inventin and innvatin.Inventin is typically the wrk f scientists and researchers in labs，while innvatin is an inventin put t cmmercial use.Seldm d the tw activities ccur successfully under the same rf.They tend t thrive in ppsite cnditins；while cmpetitin and cnsumer chice encurage innvatin，inventin has histrically prgressed in labs that are prtected frm the pressure t generate prfit.
Allwing well﹣funded and diverse teams t try t slve big prblems is what gave us the cmputer and the Internet.Tday，we fail t give attentin t planting the seeds f this kind f ambitius research，while cmplaining abut the harvest. "Cmpanies are really gd at cmbining existing breakthrughs in ways that cnsumers like.But the breakthrughs cme frm patient and curius scientists，nt the rush t market，" says Jn Gertner，the authr f The Idea Factry.
"Technlgy is a tall tree， " Jhn Fernald said. "But planting the seeds f inventin and harvesting the fruit f innvatin are entirely distinct skills，ften mastered by different rganizatins and separated by many years. " As fr me，bth f them are essential fr technlgy，althugh they are relatively independent.I dn't think X is a planter r a harvester，actually.It is like building taller ladders.Nbdy knws fr sure what，if anything，the emplyees at such enterprises are ging t find up n thse ladders.But they're reaching.At least smene is.
（1）What is the main purpse f the first tw paragraphs？
A．T present the prcess f grup discussin.
B．T illustrate X's wrry abut big prblems.
C．T reveal the imprtance f the crazy ideas.
D．T stress the varied backgrunds f the team.
（2）What can we learn frm the passage？
A．Breakthrughs must stand the test f the market.
B．Innvatin n necessities can prmte prductivity.
C．Inventin develps slwly under the pressure f prfit.
D．The harvest f innvatin lies in sme ambitius research.
（3）Regarding Jhn Fernald's view n technlgy，the authr is .
A．supprtive
B．cautius
C．uncertain
D．critical
（4）What can be inferred abut X frm the passage？
A．It will fcus n innvatin.
B．It will have its utcme sn.
C．It may give in t its fruitless reality.
D．It may bring an encuraging utlk.
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在X背景下發(fā)明和創(chuàng)新會帶來令人鼓舞的前景。
【解答】（1）目的意圖題。根據(jù)第一段A snake﹣rbt designer，a technlgist，an extradimensinal physicist and a jurnalist walk int a rm.The jurnalist turns t the crwd and asks：Shuld we build huses n the cean？Like a think﹣tank panel，members f the team dream up far﹣ut answers t the crucial prblem，such as self﹣driving husing units that culd park n tp f ne anther in the castal city center.（一個蛇機(jī)器人設(shè)計師，一個技術(shù)專家，一個超維物理學(xué)家和一個記者走進(jìn)一個房間。記者轉(zhuǎn)向人群問道：我們應(yīng)該在海洋上蓋房子嗎？就像一個智庫小組一樣，該團(tuán)隊的成員為這個關(guān)鍵問題想出了超乎想象的答案，比如可以在沿海城市中心一個接一個停放的自動駕駛住宅單元）以及第二段The setting is X，the enterprise which cnsiders mre than 100 ideas each year，in areas ranging frm clean energy t artificial intelligence.Althugh nly a tiny percentage becme "prjects" with far﹣reaching creativity，these prjects exist，ultimately，t change the wrld，like Waym，the biggest self﹣driving﹣car cmpany.（背景是X，這家企業(yè)每年會考慮100多個創(chuàng)意，涉及的領(lǐng)域從清潔能源到人工智能。雖然只有一小部分成為具有深遠(yuǎn)創(chuàng)造力的"項目"，但這些項目的存在最終將改變世界，就像最大的自動駕駛汽車公司W(wǎng)aym一樣）可知，前兩段的主要目的是揭示瘋狂想法的重要性。故選C項。
（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Tday，we fail t give attentin t planting the seeds f this kind f ambitius research，while cmplaining abut the harvest.（今天，我們在抱怨收獲的同時，沒有注意播下這種雄心勃勃的研究的種子）和But the breakthrughs cme frm patient and curius scientists，nt the rush t market（但這些突破來自耐心和好奇的科學(xué)家，而不是急于上市）可知，創(chuàng)新的收獲在于一些雄心勃勃的研究。故選D項。
（3）觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段As fr me，bth f them are essential fr technlgy，althugh they are relatively independent.I dn't think X is a planter r a harvester，actually.It is like building taller ladders.Nbdy knws fr sure what，if anything，the emplyees at such enterprises are ging t find up n thse ladders.But they're reaching.At least smene is.（對我來說，這兩者對于技術(shù)來說都是必不可少的，盡管它們相對獨立。事實上，我不認(rèn)為 X 是種植者或者收割者。這就像建造更高的梯子。沒有人確切地知道，如果有的話，這些企業(yè)的員工會在這些梯子上發(fā)現(xiàn)什么。但是他們在努力。至少有人是）可推知，關(guān)于約翰 ? 費(fèi)爾納德對技術(shù)的看法，作者是支持的。A．supprtive支持的；B．cautius謹(jǐn)慎的；C．uncertain不確定的；D．critical批評的。故選A項。
（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段The setting is X，the enterprise which cnsiders mre than 100 ideas each year，in areas ranging frm clean energy t artificial intelligence.Althugh nly a tiny percentage becme "prjects" with far﹣reaching creativity，these prjects exist，ultimately，t change the wrld，like Waym，the biggest self﹣driving﹣car cmpany.（ 背景是X，這家企業(yè)每年會考慮100多個創(chuàng)意，涉及的領(lǐng)域從清潔能源到人工智能。雖然只有一小部分成為具有深遠(yuǎn)創(chuàng)造力的"項目"，但這些項目的存在最終將改變世界，就像最大的自動駕駛汽車公司W(wǎng)aym一樣）可知，X可能會帶來令人鼓舞的前景。A．It will fcus n innvatin.它將專注于創(chuàng)新；B．It will have its utcme sn.很快就會有結(jié)果；C．It may give in t its fruitless reality.它可能會屈服于毫無結(jié)果的現(xiàn)實；D．It may bring an encuraging utlk.這可能會帶來令人鼓舞的前景。故選D項。
passage 2
Technlgy seems t.discurage slw，immersive reading.Reading n a screen，particularly a phne screen，tires yur eyes and makes it harder fr yu t keep yur place.S nline writing tends t be mre skimmable and list﹣like than print.The cgnitive neurscientist Mary Walt argued recently that this "new nrm" f skim reading is prducing "an invisible，game﹣changing transfrmatin" in hw readers prcess wrds.The neurnal circuit that sustains the brain's capacity t read nw favrs the rapid absrptin f infrmatin，rather than skills develped by deeper reading，like critical analysis.
We shuldn't verplay this danger.All readers skim.Skimming is the skill we acquire as children as we learn t read mre skillfully.Frm abut the age f nine，ur eyes start t bunce arund the page，reading nly abut a quarter f the wrds prperly，and filling in the gaps by inference.Nr is there anything new in these fears abut declining attentin spans （持續(xù)時間）.S far，the anxieties have prved t be false alarms. "Quite a few critics have been wrried abut attentin span lately and see very shrt stries as signs f cultural decline， " the American authr Selvin Brwn wrte. "N ne ever said that pems were evidence f shrt attentin spans. "
And yet the Internet has certainly changed the way we read.Fr a start，it means that there is mre t read，because mre peple than ever are writing.If yu time travelled just a few decades int the past，yu wuld wnder at hw little writing was happening utside a classrm.And digital writing is meant fr rapid release and respnse.An nline article starts frming a cmment string underneath as sn as it is published.This mde f writing and reading can be interactive and fun.But ften it treats ther peple's wrds as smething t be quickly harvested as fdder （素材）t say smething else.Everyne talks ver the tp f everyne else，desperate t be heard.
Perhaps we shuld slw dwn.Reading is cnstantly prmted as a scial gd and surce f persnal achievement.But this advcacy ften emphasizes "enthusiastic"， "passinate" r "eager" reading，nne f which adjectives suggest slw，quiet absrptin.
T a slw reader，a piece f writing can nly be fully understd by immersing neself in the wrds and their slw cmprehensin f a line f thught.The slw reader is like a swimmer wh stps cunting the number f pl laps he has dne and just enjys hw his bdy feels and mves in water.
The human need fr this kind f deep reading is t tenacius fr any new technlgy t destry.We ften assume that technlgical change can't be stpped and happens in ne directin，s that lder media like "dead﹣tree" bks are kicked ut by newer，mre virtual frms.In practice，lder technlgies can cexist with new nes.The Kindle has nt killed ff the printed bk any mre than the car killed ff the bicycle.We still want t enjy slwly﹣frmed ideas and carefully﹣chsen wrds.Even in a fast﹣mving age，there is time fr slw reading.
（1）What is the authr's attitude twards Selvin Brwn's pinin？
A.Favrable.
B.Critical.
C.Dubtful.
D.Objective.
（2）The authr wuld prbably agree that .
A.advcacy f passinate reading helps prmte slw reading
B.digital writing leads t t much speaking and nt enugh reflectin
C.the public shuld be aware f the impact skimming has n neurnal circuits
D.the number f Internet readers is declining due t the advances f technlgy
（3）What des the underlined wrd "tenacius" in Paragraph 6 prbably mean？
A.Cmprehensive.
B.Cmplicated.
C.Determined.
D.Apparent.
（4）Which wuld be the best title fr the passage？
A.Slw Reading Is Here t Stay
B.Digital Technlgy Prevents Slw Reading
C.Screen vs.Print：Which Requires Deep Reading？
D.Reading Is Nt a Race：The Wnder f Deep Reading
【答案】（1）﹣（4）ABCA
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了實際上，舊技術(shù)可以與新技術(shù)共存。Kindle并沒有扼殺印刷書籍，就像汽車沒有扼殺自行車一樣。我們?nèi)匀幌胂硎苈纬傻南敕ê途倪x擇的詞語。即使在一個快速發(fā)展的時代，也有時間進(jìn)行慢速閱讀。
【解答】（1）觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Quite a few critics have been wrried abut attentin span lately and see very shrt stries as signs f cultural decline， " the American authr Selvin Brwn wrte. "N ne ever said that pems were evidence f shrt attentin spans. "（美國作家塞爾文?布朗（Selvin Brwn）寫道："最近，相當(dāng)多的評論家對注意力持續(xù)時間感到擔(dān)憂，并將短篇小說視為文化衰落的跡象。""沒有人說過詩歌是注意力持續(xù)時間短的證據(jù). "）和最后一段Even in a fast﹣mving age，there is time fr slw reading.（即使在一個快速發(fā)展的時代，也有時間進(jìn)行慢速閱讀。）可知作者對塞爾文?布朗的意見持贊成態(tài)度。A.Favrable.支持的；B.Critical.批評的；C.Dubtful.懷疑的；D.Objective.客觀的。故選A。
（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段And digital writing is meant fr rapid release and respnse.An nline article starts frming a cmment string underneath as sn as it is published.This mde f writing and reading can be interactive and fun.But ften it treats ther peple's wrds as smething t be quickly harvested as fdder （素材）t say smething else.Everyne talks ver the tp f everyne else，desperate t be heard.（數(shù)字寫作意味著快速發(fā)布和響應(yīng)。一篇在線文章一發(fā)表就開始在下面形成評論串。這種寫作和閱讀的模式可以是互動的和有趣的。但往往它把別人的話當(dāng)成了可以快速收獲的東西，當(dāng)成了評論某件事情的素材。每個人都比別人說得多，渴望被別人聽到。）可知B.digital writing leads t t much speaking and nt enugh reflectin（數(shù)字寫作導(dǎo)致說得太多，反思不夠）符合題意。故選B。
（3）猜測詞義題。根據(jù)文章最后一段The human need fr this kind f deep reading is t tenacius fr any new technlgy t destry.We ften assume that technlgical change can't be stpped and happens in ne directin，s that lder media like "dead﹣tree" bks are kicked ut by newer，mre virtual frms.（人類對這種深度閱讀的需求太過強(qiáng)烈，任何新技術(shù)都無法摧毀。我們經(jīng)常假設(shè)技術(shù)變革是無法停止的，并且發(fā)生在一個方向上，所以像"死樹"書這樣的舊媒體被更新、更虛擬的形式所淘汰。）可知tenacius的意思是"頑強(qiáng)的，持久的"。A.Cmprehensive.全面的；B.Cmplicated.復(fù)雜的；C.Determined.有決心的，頑強(qiáng)的；D.Apparent.明顯的。故選C。
（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章最后一段In practice，lder technlgies can cexist with new nes.The Kindle has nt killed ff the printed bk any mre than the car killed ff the bicycle.We still want t enjy slwly﹣frmed ideas and carefully﹣chsen wrds.Even in a fast﹣mving age，there is time fr slw reading.（實際上，舊技術(shù)可以與新技術(shù)共存。Kindle并沒有扼殺印刷書籍，就像汽車沒有扼殺自行車一樣。我們?nèi)匀幌胂硎苈纬傻南敕ê途倪x擇的詞語。即使在一個快速發(fā)展的時代，也有時間進(jìn)行慢速閱讀。）可知本文的最佳標(biāo)題是A.Slw Reading Is Here t Stay（慢速閱讀會一直持續(xù)下去）。故選A。
passage 3
Learning desn't have t end when peple age.In fact，tday's senirs want t remain scially engaged，intellectually stimulated（智力上活躍的），and an active part f their cmmunities accrding t The American University Beirut（AUB）in Lebann.That's why AUB pened The University fr Senirs that gives lder adults—50 and up—an pprtunity fr lifelng learning.
"The gal f the prgram is t establish a cmmunity fr senirs t learn fr life，mst f whm are retirees，"Mira Zaatari，the prgram assistant manager tld Al﹣Fanar Media."They can stay engaged physically and mentally here."
The university includes tw three﹣mnth semesters and students can take any class they want regardless f their educatinal level.There are n exams r graduatin certificates.This schl is all abut lifelng learning.The available classes include plitical science，public health，agriculture，sciences，wmen's affairs as well as creative classes abut drawing，painting and music.Language classes include English，F(xiàn)rench and Spanish.The classes are taught by vlunteers，including AUB prfessrs，students，and dctrs frm the university's hspital.
Senirs can gain a hst f benefits by cntinuing t learn new things.Accrding t Aging Well，that's because lifelng learning keeps the brain stimulated，challenged and fully engaged."This helps senirs remain mentally alert while they age.In fact，when peple learn new things，the brain—even an lder brain—can frm new cnnectins and pathways，"it adds.
Keeping physically active is imprtant and s is keeping scial cnnectins.That's why the university prvides mre than just educatin.
Frmer banker Yussef Bakri，84，has been a student fr ver 10 years.He pinted ut that befre the pandemic the university garden was used as a meeting place fr scializatin and that there were rganized field trips.
With the percentage f ver 65s in Lebann's ppulatin grwing and the fact that many f these senirs live alne withut family members in the cuntry，The University fr Senirs is playing a very imprtant rle in the lives f its students.
（1）Why des AUB launch the prgram？
A.T d sme scientific research n senirs.
B.T prmte learning amng yung peple.
C.T encurage senirs t d vlunteer wrk.
D.T ffer a lifelng learning place fr senirs.
（2）What can the students d at The University fr Senirs？
A.Get free medical treatment.
B.Pass final exams as a grup.
C.Chse their classes at will.
D.Obtain graduatin certificates.
（3）Aging Well is mentined in paragraph 4 t .
A.explain why learning can benefit senirs
B.shw the wrking principle f the brain
C.ffer advice n hw t learn new things
D.analyze the advantages f accepting aging
（4）What is the authr's pinin n The University fr Senirs？
A.It is far frm suitable fr senirs.
B.It has truble in attracting students.
C.It is f great value fr its students.
D.It cares little abut its students' health.
【答案】DCAC
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了美國貝魯特大學(xué)開設(shè)的老年大學(xué)。
【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段The gal f the prgram is t establish a cmmunity fr senirs t learn fr life，mst f whm are retirees（該項目的目標(biāo)是為老年人建立一個終身學(xué)習(xí)的社區(qū)，其中大多數(shù)是退休人員。）可知，美國貝魯特大學(xué)開設(shè)老年大學(xué)是為了給老年人提供一個可以終身學(xué)習(xí)的地方。故答案為D。
（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段The university includes tw three﹣mnth semesters and students can take any class they want regardless f their educatinal level（這所大學(xué)包括兩個為期三個月的學(xué)期，學(xué)生可以參加任何他們想要的課程，無論他們的教育水平如何。）可知，老年大學(xué)的學(xué)生可以自由選擇他們想上的課。故答案為C。
（3）推理判斷題。第四段的首句Senirs can gain a hst f benefits by cntinuing t learn new things（老年人通過學(xué)習(xí)新東西可以獲益良多），接著Aging Well提到This helps senirs remain mentally alert while they age.In fact，when peple learn new things，the brain—even an lder brain—can frm new cnnectins and pathways（這是因為終身學(xué)習(xí)使大腦受到刺激，受到挑戰(zhàn)并完全投入。這有助于老年人在變老時依然保持思維敏捷。事實 上，當(dāng)人們學(xué)習(xí)新事物時，大腦﹣﹣甚至是老年人的大腦﹣﹣可以形成新的連接和路徑。）由此可知，第四段提到Aging Well主要是解釋為什么學(xué)習(xí)能夠使老年人受益。故答案為A。
（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段With the percentage f ver 65s in Lebann's ppulatin grwing and the fact that many f these senirs live alne withut family members in the cuntry，The University fr Senirs is playing a very imprtant rle in the lives f its students.（隨著黎巴嫩65歲以上人口的比例不斷增長，以及許多老年人在國內(nèi)沒有家人的情況下獨自生活，老年大學(xué)在學(xué)生的生活中發(fā)揮著非常重要的作用。）可推斷，作者認(rèn)為，這所老年大學(xué)對它的學(xué)生來說意義重大。故答案為C。
passage 1
Cmputer games have seriusly caught the attentin f Mass Media.The increasing amunt f games with vilent scenes scks the sciety and makes it very aware f them.The fact that vilent games cause vilence in peple is nt even dubted by mst peple.Sme say that the reasn lies in games being t clse t reality.But is it justified nly accrding t the external similarity f these tw wrlds？
Games riginally are entertainment.Cntemprary games are very realistic and fr this reasn they are a surce f great experience fr the player and develp the imaginatin.Games are mre than entertainment.The research f the New Yrk University led by Green and Bavelier claims that the player preferring active games get an imprvement f sme types f brain activity，related t prcessing f visual infrmatin.In particular，game players cpe with prblems f simultaneusly（同時地）tracking several mving bjects at the average level f 30%better than peple wh d nt play active cmputer vide games.A game is an abstractin.A player gets abstract tasks and acts accrding t abstract rules.Games are als the pssibility t be whever a persn wants t be and t rest frm the utside wrld fr sme time.
But what if a persn gets s much excited with the game scenes that he becmes vilent in reality？Then，it prves that the games cause peple t becme vilent.A psychlgically healthy persn will never cnfuse r cnnect these tw different wrlds.A game is a virtual wrld with visual images very similar t human.These images represent by themselves nthing but simple playing bstacles.A game may ptentially give the pprtunity t"destry the bstacles"that may nt be destryed accrding t the rules，but it is mre abut persnal chice whether t d it r nt.This leads us t the cnclusin that vilence is nt a cnsequence but the cause.Peple wh riginally tend t vilence may get annyed by games and perfrm vilence in the"real wrld".In this case vilence in games is a simple justificatin f the vilent nature f the player.
（1）Which f the fllwing best explains"sck"underlined in Para.1？
A.Transfrm.
B.Strike.
C.Interest.
D.Cnfuse.
（2）What can we learn frm the research carried ut by Green and Bavelier？
A.Games can prmte sme kinds f brain activity.
B.Games can give peple space t be themselves.
C.Games can be a surce f great experience.
D.Games can help players slve prblems.
（3）Which f the fllwing accunts fr vilence in real life？
A.Abstract vilent tasks.
B.Vilent visual images.
C.Realistic cmputer games.
D.Individuals' vilent nature.
（4）What is the best title fr the text？
A.Vilence：Nt a Cnsequence f Games.
B.Vilence：Nt a Justificatin f Players.
C.Games：The Vilent Virtual Reality.
D.Games：The Cause f Vilence.
【答案】BADA
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了暴力行為的原因不是游戲，而是暴力天性。
【解答】（1）詞義猜測題，根據(jù)文章第一段Cmputer games have seriusly caught the attentin f Mass Media.（電腦游戲已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重地引起了大眾媒體的注意。）和下文and makes it very aware f them.（并讓它非常清楚地意識到它們。）可知，大量暴力游戲充斥著社會，并讓社會清楚地意識到它們。由此猜測，劃線詞意為"充斥"，與strike（襲擊，侵襲）同義。可引申為使社會印象深刻，A.Transfrm轉(zhuǎn)變；B.Strike侵襲；C.Interest感興趣；D.Cnfuse困惑。故選B。
（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段The research f the New Yrk University led by Green and Bavelier claim that the player preferring active games get an imprvement f sme types f brain activity，related t prcessing f visual infrmatin.（由Green和Bavelier領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的紐約大學(xué)的研究聲稱，喜歡活躍游戲的玩家可以提高某些類型的大腦活動，與視覺信息的處理有關(guān)。）可知，從Green和Bavelier的研究中我們能得知，游戲可以促進(jìn)某些類型的大腦活動。故選A。
（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)后一段This leads us t the cnclusin that vilence is nt a cnsequence but the cause.Peple wh are riginally prne t vilence may get irritated by games and perfrm vilence in the"real wrld".In this case vilence in games is a simple justificatin f the vilent nature f the player（這使我們得出結(jié)論，暴力不是結(jié)果，而是原因。原本有暴力傾向的人可能會被游戲激怒，在現(xiàn)實世界"中實施暴力。在這種情況下，游戲中的暴力只是為玩家的暴力本性辯護(hù)）可知，現(xiàn)實中的暴力原因在于一個人的暴力天性。故選D。
（4）標(biāo)題判斷題。本文主要講游戲和暴力之間的關(guān)系，第一段引出主題，第二段介紹游戲的功能與優(yōu)點；第三段說明游戲和暴力之間的關(guān)系。根據(jù)文章最后一段Peple wh are riginally prne t vilence may get iritated by games and perfrm vilence in the"real wrld".In this case vilence in games is a simple justificatin f the vilent nature f the player（原本有暴力傾向的人可能會被游戲激怒，在現(xiàn)實世界"中實施暴力。在這種情況下，游戲中的暴力只是為玩家的暴力本性辯護(hù)。）可知，有暴力傾向的人本身就會因為游戲而被激怒并在現(xiàn)實生活中實施暴力行為，其根本原因不是由暴力游戲引起，所以A選項Vilence：Nt a Cnsequence f Games.（暴力：不是游戲的后果。）能概括全文內(nèi)容，適合用作文章標(biāo)題。故選A。
passage 5
Many peple have participated int lts f virtual meetings these years.Sme research shws this adjustment might nt impact wrkplace prductivity t any great degree.A new study，thugh，suggests therwise.
In the study，602 participants were randmly paired and asked t cme up with creative uses fr a prduct.They were als randmly selected t wrk tgether either in persn r virtually.The pairs were then ranked by assessing their ttal number f ideas，as well as thse cncepts' degree f nvelty，and asked t submit their best idea.Amng the grups，virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas，suggesting that smething abut face﹣t﹣face interactin generates mre creative ideas.The findings culd stiffen emplyers' reslve t urge r require their emplyees t cme back t the ffice.
"We ran this experiment based n feedback frm cmpanies that it was harder t innvate with remte wrkers，"said lead researcher Melanie Brucks."Unlike ther frms f virtual cmmunicatin，like phne calls r e﹣mail，vide cnferencing cpies the in﹣persn experience quite well，s I was surprised when we fund meaningful differences between in﹣persn and vide interactin fr idea generatin."
When randm bjects were placed in bth the virtual and physical rms，the virtual pairs f participants spent mre time lking directly at each ther rather than letting their lk wander abut the rm and taking in the entire scene.Eyeing ne's whle envirnment and nticing the randm bjects were assciated with increased idea generatin.On platfrms，the screen ccupies ur interactins.Our lk wavers less."Lking away might cme acrss as rude，"said Brucks，"s we have t lk at the screen because that is the defined cntext f the interactin，the same way we wuldn't walk t anther rm while talking t smene in persn."
Like mst educatrs，Brucks has primarily taught virtually in the past three years，and she did ntice sme benefits f the apprach as well.Her students were mre likely t take turns speaking and her shyer students spke up mre ften，rid f the anxiety that cmes frm addressing a large classrm.Brucks fund that ne slutin t imprving virtual idea generatin might be t simply turn ff the camera，fr her students felt "freer"and mre creative when asked t d s.And this may be sund advice fr the wrkplace Virtual teamwrk can't replace face﹣t﹣face teamwrk.Idea selectin prficiency（能力） is nly valuable if yu have strng ptins t select frm，and face﹣t﹣face teams are the best means t generate winning ptins.Perhaps the wrkplace will find a cmprmise— a sweet spt in the middle that balances wrking frm bth hme and ffice.
（1）What des the underlined wrd"stiffen"in Paragraph2 mst prbably mean？
A.Shake.
B.Revise.
C.Challenge.
D.Strengthen.
（2）At first，lead researcher Melanie Brucks might think that .
A.vide cnferencing can't cmpare with in﹣persn cmmunicatin
B.participants shuld make eye cntact in an nline meeting
C.the feedback frm cmpanies seems questinable
D.creative ideas may emerge frm casual thughts
（3）What can we learn abut Brucks' class？
A.Her students relieved anxiety by speaking up.
B.Her students prgressed in fcusing attentin.
C.Her students tk advantage f virtual learning.
D.Her students displayed talent fr public speaking.
（4）Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage？
A.Interacting Virtually Impacts Wrking Participatin
B.Maintaining Teamwrk Imprves Idea Generatin
C.Gruping Randmly Increases Prductivity
D.Brainstrming Online Limits Creativity
【答案】DCCD
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：與面對面交流相比，虛擬會議不利于創(chuàng)新想法的產(chǎn)生。
【解答】（1）詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中Amng the grups，virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas，suggesting that smething abut face﹣t﹣face interactin generates mre creative ideas.The findings culd stiffen emplyers' reslve t urge r require their emplyees t cme back t the ffice.（在這些小組中，虛擬配對提出的想法要少得多，這表明面對面的互動會產(chǎn)生更多創(chuàng)造性的想法。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會堅定雇主敦促或要求員工回到辦公室的決心。）可知，面對面交流會產(chǎn)生更多創(chuàng)造性的想法，所以雇主要求員工回到辦公室進(jìn)行面對面的互動，此處stiffen emplyers' reslve表示"堅定雇主的決心"，劃線詞stiffen是動詞，意為"使堅定"。A.Shake.搖動；B.Revise.修訂；C.Challenge.挑戰(zhàn)；D.Strengthen.使更加堅定。選項D與劃線詞意思接近，故選D。
（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容 "We ran this experiment based n feedback frm cmpanies that it was harder t innvate with remte wrkers，"said lead researcher Melanie Brucks."Unlike ther frms f virtual cmmunicatin，like phne calls r e﹣mail，vide cnferencing cpies the in﹣persn experience quite well，s I was surprised when we fund meaningful differences between in﹣persn and vide interactin fr idea generatin."（首席研究員Melanie Brucks說："我們進(jìn)行這項實驗是基于公司的反饋，即遠(yuǎn)程工作者更難創(chuàng)新。與電話或電子郵件等其他形式的虛擬交流不同，視頻會議很好地復(fù)制了面對面的體驗，所以當(dāng)我們發(fā)現(xiàn)面對面交流和視頻互動在創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)生方面有明顯的差異時，我很驚訝。）可知，公司反饋遠(yuǎn)程工作者更難創(chuàng)新，所以他們組織實驗來進(jìn)行驗證，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)面對面交流和視頻互動在創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)生方面有明顯的差異，首席研究員Melanie Brucks對此感到很驚訝。由此推斷，起初，首席研究員Melanie Brucks可能認(rèn)為公司的反饋有問題。故選C。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Like mst educatrs，Brucks has primarily taught virtually in the past three years，and she did ntice sme benefits f the apprach as well.Her students were mre likely t take turns speaking and her shyer students spke up mre ften，rid f the anxiety that cmes frm addressing a large classrm.（像大多數(shù)教育工作者一樣，布魯克斯在過去三年主要是虛擬教學(xué)，她也注意到這種方法的一些好處。她的學(xué)生更有可能輪流發(fā)言，她那些比較害羞的學(xué)生也更經(jīng)常發(fā)言，消除了在大教室講話時的焦慮。）可知，布魯克斯的虛擬課堂上，學(xué)生可能輪流發(fā)言，連害羞的學(xué)生也能經(jīng)常發(fā)言，由此可推知，他的學(xué)生能充分利用虛擬學(xué)習(xí)。故選C。
（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)第一段Many peple have participated int lts f virtual meetings these years.Sme research shws this adjustment might nt impact wrkplace prductivity t any great degree.A new study，thugh，suggests therwise.（這些年來，許多人參加了許多虛擬會議。一些研究表明，這種調(diào)整可能不會在很大程度上影響工作場所的生產(chǎn)力。然而，一項新的研究表明情況并非如此。）以及第二段中Amng the grups，virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas，suggesting that smething abut face﹣t﹣face interactin generates mre creative ideas.The findings culd stiffen emplyers' reslve t urge r require their emplyees t cme back t the ffice.（在這些小組中，虛擬配對提出的想法要少得多，這表明面對面的互動會產(chǎn)生更多創(chuàng)造性的想法。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會堅定雇主敦促或要求員工回到辦公室的決心。）可知，虛擬會議不利于創(chuàng)新想法的產(chǎn)生，選項D"網(wǎng)上頭腦風(fēng)暴限制創(chuàng)造力"符合文章主旨，適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選D。
passage 6
Imagine wearing high﹣tech bdy armr （盔甲） that makes yu super strng and tireless.Such technlgy，mre specifically called an exskeletn，sunds like the preserve f the Irn Man series f superher mvies.Yet the equipment is increasingly being wrn in real life arund the wrld.And ne manufacturer—Califrnia's SuitX expects it t g mainstream. "There is n dubt in my mind that these devices will eventually be sld at hardware stres，" says SuitX's funder Hmayn Kazerni.
In simple terms，an exskeletn is an external device that supprts，cvers and prtects its user，giving greater levels f strength and endurance.Smetimes als referred t as "wearable rbts"，they can be battery﹣pwered and cmputer﹣perated，incrprating mtrs and hydraulics.Or they can be mre simple，passive designs that use springs and dampeners.
"Integrating humans and machines int ne system pens up a new realm f pprtunity，" says Adrian Spragg，an expert n the technlgy at management cnsultancy Accenture. "Many f the early applicatins have been fcused n military and medical applicatins，but in the last several years there's been an explsin f use in a range f cases." This expansin，which has cme tgether with rapid advances in the technlgy，has seen exskeletns increasingly used by manufacturing wrkers.Versins fr cnsumers are als nw being develped t help peple mre easily d everything frm DIY，t walking，climbing stairs，and ther daily activities.One reprt says sales are nw due t rcket as a result.Glbal exskeletn revenues （收入） are expected t explde frm ＄ 392 millin in 2020 t ＄ 6.8 billin in 2030，accrding t a study by ABI Research.
SuitX's "suits" are nw being tested by car manufacturers General Mtrs and Fiat.Prf Kazerni，wh is als the directr f the University f Califrnia's Berkeley Rbtics and Human Engineering Labratry，says that the primary benefit f the firm's exskeletns is t prevent muscle fatigue （疲勞）.
"In general I see this develpment as very psitive fr ccupatinal health and safety，" Prf Sandra Wachter says. "Machines are suppsed t help us with dull，dangerus and dirty jbs.Prblems，hwever，arise if rbtics als duble as wrkplace mnitrs.Are these suits tracking yur mvements，hw fast yu mve，and hw ften yu take breaks？Des a system cmpare this data with thse f ther wrkers t scre r rank them？What happens if yu mve slwer than thers，r take breaks mre ften？"
（1）Why was the Irn Man was mentined in Paragraph 1？
A．T inspire us t be strng and determined.
B．T remind us f the ppular film Irn Man.
C．T urge the readers t buy the newly designed prducts.
D．T illustrate the technlgy exskeletn.
（2）What d the underlined wrd "rcket" mean in Paragraph 3？
A．Climb.
B．Crash.
C．Stabilize.
D．Vary.
（3）What d yu knw abut an exskeletn？
A．An exskeletn is capable f wrking by itself using slar energy.
B．In the future，all the peple will have t cunt n an exskeletn.
C．An exskeletn can be widely emplyed in ur daily life.
D．Prf Kazerni bjects t the ppularity f the exskeletn.
（4）Which is the mst suitable title fr the text？
A．Irn Man Appeals t the Yung
B．Exskeletns Change Our Future Life
C．Everyne Can Be a Her
D．Exskeletns Replace Future Humans
【答案】（1）﹣（4）DACB
【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了什么是外骨骼技術(shù)，以及它在日常生活中更廣泛的應(yīng)用將給人們帶來的便利。
【解答】（ ）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的Such technlgy，mre specifically called an exskeletn，sunds like the preserve f the Irn Man series f superher mvies.Yet the equipment is increasingly being wrn in real life arund the wrld. （這種技術(shù)，更具體地說是外骨骼，聽起來像是鋼鐵俠系列超級英雄電影的專利。然而，世界各地越來越多的人在現(xiàn)實生活中佩戴這種設(shè)備）和第二段的In simple terms，an exskeletn is an external device that supprts，cvers and prtects its user，giving greater levels f strength and endurance.Smetimes als referred t as "wearable rbts"，they can be battery﹣pwered and cmputer﹣perated，incrprating mtrs and hydraulics.（簡單來說，外骨骼是一種支持、覆蓋和保護(hù)其使用者的外部設(shè)備，可以提供更高水平的力量和耐力。有時也被稱為'可穿戴機(jī)器人'，它們可以由電池供電，由計算機(jī)操作，結(jié)合電機(jī)和液壓系統(tǒng)）推知，第一段提到鋼鐵俠是為了形象地說明外骨骼這門技術(shù)。故選D。
（2）詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文Glbal exskeletn revenues （收入） are expected t explde frm ﹩ 392 millin in 2020 t ﹩ 6.8 billin in 2030，accrding t a study by ABI Research.（根據(jù)ABI Research的一項研究，全球外骨骼收入預(yù)計將從2020年的3.92億美元激增至2030年的68億美元）可知，據(jù)估計外骨骼的銷售會直線上升。由此可知，目前銷售額在增加，因此猜測rcket意為"增加"，與climb同義。A．Climb.爬，上升；B．Crash.撞擊；C．Stabilize.穩(wěn)定；D．Vary.變化。故選A。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的This expansin，which has cme tgether with rapid advances in the technlgy，has seen exskeletns increasingly used by manufacturing wrkers.Versins fr cnsumers are als nw being develped t help peple mre easily d everything frm DIY，t walking，climbing stairs，and ther daily activities. （這種擴(kuò)張伴隨著技術(shù)的快速進(jìn)步，外骨骼越來越多地被制造業(yè)工人使用。針對消費(fèi)者的版本也正在開發(fā)中，幫助人們更輕松地完成從DIY到步行、爬樓梯和其他日常活動的所有事情）可知，外骨骼可以被廣泛地應(yīng)用于我們的日常生活中。故選C。
（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段的Imagine wearing high﹣tech bdy armr （盔甲） that makes yu super strng and tireless.Such technlgy，mre specifically called an exskeletn，sunds like the preserve f the Irn Man series f superher mvies.Yet the equipment is increasingly being wrn in real life arund the wrld.（想象一下，穿上高科技防彈衣，讓你變得超級強(qiáng)壯和不知疲倦。這種技術(shù)，更具體地說是外骨骼，聽起來像是鋼鐵俠系列超級英雄電影的專利。然而，世界各地越來越多的人在現(xiàn)實生活中佩戴這種設(shè)備）和第三段的This expansin，which has cme tgether with rapid advances in the technlgy，has seen exskeletns increasingly used by manufacturing wrkers.Versins fr cnsumers are als nw being develped t help peple mre easily d everything frm DIY，t walking，climbing stairs，and ther daily activities. （這種擴(kuò)張伴隨著技術(shù)的快速進(jìn)步，外骨骼越來越多地被制造業(yè)工人使用。針對消費(fèi)者的版本也正在開發(fā)中，幫助人們更輕松地完成從DIY到步行、爬樓梯和其他日?；顒拥乃惺虑椋┛芍?，本文主要介紹了什么是外骨骼技術(shù)，以及它在日常生活中更廣泛的應(yīng)用將給人們帶來的便利。因此B項"外骨骼改變我們的未來生活"可以作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。A．Irn Man Appeals t the Yung鋼鐵俠吸引年輕人；B．Exskeletns Change Our Future Life外骨骼改變我們未來的生活；C．Everyne Can Be a Her每個人都可以成為英雄；D．Exskeletns Replace Future Humans外骨骼取代未來人類。故選B。
passage 7
Interactive sftware that "reads" and analyses ftprints left by black rhins （犀牛）can be used t mnitr the mvements f the animals in the wild，giving cnservatinists a new way t keep watch n the endangered species and help keep it safe frm pachers （偷獵者），accrding t a Duke University﹣led study.
The sftware，called the Ftprint Identificatin Technique （FIT），uses advanced technlgy t analyze mre than 100 measurements f a rhin's ftprint.Because each rhin's ftprint is as special as a human fingerprint，the analyzed images can be cllected electrnically in a glbal database f previusly cllected ftprint images fr matching.
"If yu find a match，yu can identify the individual animal wh left the mark and，by pltting the lcatins f all the ther places where marks have been seen，track its mvements withut disturbing it r cming int clse enugh cntact with it，" said Ze Jewell，a prfessr at Duke University's Nichlas Schl f the Envirnment，wh c﹣led the study and is c﹣creatr f FIT.
"It's a cst﹣effective apprach that nt nly prtects the health f the rhin and the human，but als brings a centuries﹣ld tracking skill int the 21st Century，" she said.Jewell and her clleagues are nw wrking with Namibia's Ministry f Envirnment，F(xiàn)restry and Turism t train wildlife cnservatinists，land managers and lcal guides hw t use FIT.
Namibia is hme t an estimated 2，000 black rhins，r abut 90% f the species' ttal ppulatin wrldwide.Thugh legally wned by the gvernment，the animals are distributed gegraphically n private lands acrss the cuntry.
The FIT sftware can als d a survey f ftprints thrughut the prtected area and take measurements frm each ftprint t estimate the number f rhins in that area.This can be useful infrmatin fr calculatin resurce needs t mnitr the animals effectively.This creates an interactive library that anti﹣paching patrls（反偷獵巡邏）can use t search fr animals at the highest risk，including thse whse ftprints haven't been shwing up in recent years.
（1）What is the purpse f the sftware？
A．T prmte the develpment f technlgy.
B．T prtect black rhins frm being hunted.
C．T analyze the ftprints f illegal pachers.
D．T save endangered species acrss the wrld.
（2）What's the advantage f the sftware？
A．It wns varius functins.
B．It ges t the market.
C．It is perfectly practical.
D．It is mre than ppular.
（3）What des Ze Jewell say abut the apprach？
A．It brings the best advantage fr the lwest cst.
B．It helps increase the ppulatin f black rhins.
C．It raises peple's awareness f the envirnment.
D．It strengthens the tie between humans and nature.
（4）Which f the fllwing best describes the future f rhins？
A．Optimistic.
B．Hpeless.
C．Wrrying.
D．Uncertain.
【答案】（1）﹣（4）BCAA
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一款新的軟件，這款名為FIT 的軟件可以用來監(jiān)控野生動物的活動，同時幫助保護(hù)主義者來監(jiān)視瀕危物種，并保護(hù)這些瀕危物種免受偷獵者的傷害。
【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Interactive sftware that "reads" and analyses ftprints left by black rhins （犀牛）can be used t mnitr the mvements f the animals in the wild，giving cnservatinists a new way t keep watch n the endangered species and help keep it safe frm pachers （偷獵者），accrding t a Duke University﹣led study.（杜克大學(xué)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項研究表明，能夠"讀取"和分析黑犀牛留下的足跡的交互式軟件可以用來監(jiān)控野生動物的活動，給保護(hù)主義者提供了一種新的方法來監(jiān)視瀕危物種，并幫助保護(hù)它們免受偷獵者的傷害。）可知，交互式軟件可以用來監(jiān)控野生動物的活動，同時給保護(hù)主義者提供了一種新的方法來監(jiān)視瀕危物種，并幫助保護(hù)它們免受偷獵者的傷害。故選B。
（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段The sftware，called the Ftprint Identificatin Technique （FIT），uses advanced technlgy t analyze mre than 100 measurements f a rhin's ftprint.Because each rhin's ftprint is as special as a human fingerprint，the analyzed images can be cllected electrnically in a glbal database f previusly cllected ftprint images fr matching.（這款名為"足跡識別技術(shù)"（FIT）的軟件利用先進(jìn)技術(shù)分析了100多種犀牛足跡測量數(shù)據(jù)。由于每只犀牛的足跡都像人類的指紋一樣特殊，所以分析后的圖像可以通過電子方式收集到先前收集的足跡圖像的全球數(shù)據(jù)庫中進(jìn)行匹配。）可知，這款軟件可以通過采集犀牛的足跡，然后會和先前收集的足跡圖像的全球數(shù)據(jù)庫中進(jìn)行匹配?？赏浦?，這款軟件是非常實用的。故選C。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句"It's a cst﹣effective apprach that nt nly prtects the health f the rhin and the human，but als brings a centuries﹣ld tracking skill int the 21st Century，" she said.（她說："這是一種成本效益高的方法，不僅能保護(hù)犀牛和人類的健康，而且能將一種有幾個世紀(jì)歷史的追蹤技術(shù)帶入21世紀(jì)。"）可知，認(rèn)為Ze Jewell它以最低的成本帶來最大的優(yōu)勢。故選A。
（4）觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第一段Interactive sftware that "reads" and analyses ftprints left by black rhins （犀牛）can be used t mnitr the mvements f the animals in the wild，giving cnservatinists a new way t keep watch n the endangered species and help keep it safe frm pachers （偷獵者），accrding t a Duke University﹣led study.（杜克大學(xué)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項研究表明，能夠"讀取"和分析黑犀牛留下的足跡的交互式軟件可以用來監(jiān)控野生動物的活動，給保護(hù)主義者提供了一種新的方法來監(jiān)視瀕危物種，并幫助保護(hù)它們免受偷獵者的傷害。）最后一段The FIT sftware can als d a survey f ftprints thrughut the prtected area and take measurements frm each ftprint t estimate the number f rhins in that area.This can be useful infrmatin fr calculatin resurce needs t mnitr the animals effectively.This creates an interactive library that anti﹣paching patrls（反偷獵巡邏）can use t search fr animals at the highest risk，including thse whse ftprints haven't been shwing up in recent years.（FIT 軟件還可以對整個保護(hù)區(qū)的足跡進(jìn)行調(diào)查，并對每個足跡進(jìn)行測量，以估計該區(qū)域的犀牛數(shù)量。這可以為計算資源需求提供有用的信息，有效地監(jiān)控動物。這就創(chuàng)建了一個互動圖書館，反偷獵巡邏隊可以利用這個圖書館搜索處于最高風(fēng)險的動物，包括那些近年來沒有出現(xiàn)足跡的動物。）可知，F(xiàn)IT 軟件可以用來監(jiān)控野生動物的活動，同時幫助保護(hù)主義者來監(jiān)視瀕危物種，并保護(hù)這些瀕危物種免受偷獵者的傷害。通過使用FIT，可以對整個保護(hù)區(qū)的足跡進(jìn)行調(diào)查，并對每個足跡進(jìn)行測量，以估計該區(qū)域的犀牛數(shù)量，因而未來犀牛的數(shù)量應(yīng)該是朝著人們期望的方向發(fā)展。A．Optimistic.樂觀的；B．Hpeless.無望的；C．Wrrying.令人擔(dān)心的；D．Uncertain.不確定的。故選A。
passage 8
Artificial intelligence helps teachers identify which f their students have learning difficulties，accrding t a new study.
Teachers make mre accurate assessments f learning difficulties amng their students if they are given Al﹣generated feedback （反饋） rather than an "expert slutin" written by a qualified prfessinal.Researchers believe that because the AI analyzed the teacher's wn wrk，it's easier fr the teacher t understand than a "mdel answer" prepared befrehand.
"Teachers play a critical rle in recgnizing the signs f disrders and learning difficulties in pupils and referring them t specialists，" said Riikka Hfmann. "Unfrtunately，many f them feel that they have nt had sufficient pprtunity t practice these skills.AI culd prvide an extra level f individualized feedback t help them develp these essential cmpetences."
Trainee teachers were asked t assess fictinalized students fr ptential learning difficulties，based n evidence including examples f their wrk，schl behavir recrds and written texts f cnversatins with parents.Half f the trainees received the "expert slutin"，typical f the material given t trainee teachers，while the ther half received AI﹣generated feedback n their apprach，highlighting where they culd imprve.The trainees then cmpleted similar fllw﹣up assessments，and were graded bth n the accuracy f their diagnses （診斷） and n hw well they had used the evidence.Trainees wh received the AI feedback scred significantly higher than thse wh wrked with the pre﹣written expert slutins.
While the researchers said this des nt mean AI is preferable t ne﹣t﹣ne feedback frm a skilled expert，this is nt always available fr trainee teachers. "We are nt arguing that AI shuld replace teacher﹣educatrs：new teachers still need expert guidance n hw t recgnize learning difficulties in the first place，" said Dr Michael Sailer. "It des seem，hwever，that AI﹣generated feedback helped these trainees t fcus n what they really needed t learn.When persnal feedback is nt readily available，it culd be an effective substitute （代替物）."
（1）What des the underlined wrd "them" refer t？
A．Pupils.
B．Teachers.
C．Specialists.
D．Researchers.
（2）What did AI help trainee teachers knw in the study？
A．Hw well they had used the evidence.
B．Whether the expert slutin was accurate.
C．Where their apprach needs imprvement.
D．What fllw﹣up assessments they cmpleted.
（3）What des Dr Michael think f AI？
A．It will take the place f skilled experts.
B．It acts as an expert guide t trainee teachers.
C．It is nly suitable fr new teachers t use.
D．It can be a useful teaching training aid.
（4）Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text？
A．AI lcates learning difficulties fr the students
B．AI becmes an effective teaching tl in schl
C．AI helps teachers spt students with learning difficulties
D．AI trains teachers in judging the learning f the students
【答案】（1）﹣（4）BCDC
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人工智能可以幫助老師對學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)困難等問題有更好的了解。
【解答】（1）代詞指代題。根據(jù)第三段前文Teachers play a critical rle in recgnizing the signs f disrders and learning difficulties in pupils and referring them t specialists（教師在識別學(xué)生的障礙和學(xué)習(xí)困難跡象并將其轉(zhuǎn)介給專家方面發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵作用）可知，them指的是這里的老師。故選B項。
（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Half f the trainees received the "expert slutin"，typical f the material given t trainee teachers，while the ther half received AI﹣generated feedback n their apprach，highlighting where they culd imprve. （一半的受訓(xùn)者收到了"專家解決方案"，這是發(fā)給實習(xí)教師的典型材料，而另一半則收到了人工智能生成的關(guān)于他們方法的反饋，強(qiáng)調(diào)了他們可以改進(jìn)的地方）可知，人工智能在研究中幫助實習(xí)教師了解他們的方法需要改進(jìn)的地方。故選C項。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段We are nt arguing that AI shuld replace teacher﹣educatrs：new teachers still need expert guidance n hw t recgnize learning difficulties in the first place，" said Dr Michael Sailer. "It des seem，hwever，that AI﹣generated feedback helped these trainees t fcus n what they really needed t learn.When persnal feedback is nt readily available，it culd be an effective substitute （代替物）.（Michael Sailer博士說："我們并不是說人工智能應(yīng)該取代教師教育者：新教師在如何首先認(rèn)識到學(xué)習(xí)困難方面仍然需要專家指導(dǎo)。""然而，人工智能生成的反饋似乎確實幫助這些受訓(xùn)者專注于他們真正需要學(xué)習(xí)的東西。當(dāng)個人反饋不易獲得時，它可能是一種有效的替代品。"）可知，人工智能對于老師來說是一個有用的教學(xué)培訓(xùn)輔助。故選D項。
（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段Artificial intelligence helps teachers identify which f their students have learning difficulties，accrding t a new study.（根據(jù)一項新的研究，人工智能可以幫助教師識別哪些學(xué)生有學(xué)習(xí)困難）以及全文大意，文章主要講人工智能可以讓老師對學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)困難等問題有更好的了解，C．AI helps teachers spt students with learning difficulties"人工智能幫助教師發(fā)現(xiàn)有學(xué)習(xí)困難的學(xué)生"符合文意。故選C項。
passage 9
YgaDigital is an App especially designed fr Yga lvers with vide and audi tls frm Yga teachers.Whether it is a simple practice f Yga pstures t supprt yur back at wrk，petry t pen yur heart when yu need inspiratin r a shrt vide frm yur belved Yga teacher，YgaDigital keeps all f yur favrite cntent in ne place，n yur iPhne r iPad.
Yu may scan all f the YgaDigital cntent t find what is right fr yu using minutes that can be purchased.Or，if yu wuld like a particular practice，series r audi/vide media，yu can make a purchase and have it n yur iPhne r iPad anytime yu want.Create yur wn selectin f cntent and take it with yu anywhere，since the cntent is dwnladed nt yur device.There is n need fr an internet cnnectin nce yu have it.If yu shuld ever delete yur YgaDigital purchases，there is n need t wrry.Yu will find them waiting fr yu in the studi t dwnlad again anytime.
Fr Teachers，YgaDigital supprts yur creativity in ffering students a variety f tls t supprt them.Fr all f the time when students ask yu if yu have a CD r DVD that they can use between classes r while they are away，YgaDigial ffers a way t publish quality cntent in a variety f frms withut fllwing a pre﹣determined data frm.Yur wrk will be highlighted in an nline envirnment entirely fr Yga cntent t help get rid f the "nise" f sme ther nline platfrms.YgaDigital prtects yur intellectual prperty as it cannt be shared r cpied and it ffers a brad market in which yu can pst yur wrks.It als ffers supprt in yur prfessinal netwrk as ur nline 'Studi' carries yur wrk alngside ther excellent teachers.
YgaDigital is an ideal chice，bringing the width and pwer f Yga t supprt yur life jurney in all its many frms.
（1）What can be fund in YgaDigital t inspire new ideas？
A．Yga pstures.
B．Shrt vides.
C．Petry.
D．Latest mvies.
（2）What shuld yu d if yur YgaDigial purchases are lst？
A．Make a purchase again.
B．Dwnlad them again.
C．Create yur wn cntent.
D．Ask yur teachers fr help.
（3）Hw des YgaDigital help the teachers deal with the "nise"？
A．By prviding a fcused envirnment.
B．By cpying it.
C．By prtecting yur intellectual prperty.
D．By clearing it away.
（4）Which can be a suitable title fr the text？
A．YgaDigilal ：A Right Chice t Supprt Yur Life
B．YgaDigital ：A Gd Way t Supprt Yur Creativity
C．YgaDigital ：A Brad Market t Offer Yu Cnvenience
D．YgaDigital ：A Helpful Internet t Open Yur Heart
【答案】（1）﹣（4）CBAA
【分析】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了一款專為瑜伽愛好者設(shè)計的應(yīng)用程序。
【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Whether it is a simple practice f Yga pstures t supprt yur back at wrk，petry t pen yur heart when yu need inspiratin r a shrt vide frm yur belved Yga teacher， YgaDigital keeps all f yur favrite cntent in ne place，n yur iPhne r iPad.（無論是簡單的瑜伽姿勢練習(xí)來支撐工作時你的背部，當(dāng)你需要靈感時詩歌打開你的心，還是你心愛的瑜伽老師的短視頻，YgaDigital將所有你喜歡的內(nèi)容保存在一個地方，在你的iPhne或iPad上）可知，可以在YgaDigital上找到詩歌來激發(fā)新想法。故選C。
（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句If yu shuld ever delete yur YgaDigital purchases，there is n need t wrry.Yu will find them waiting fr yu in the studi t dwnlad again anytime.（如果你刪除了你的YgaDigital購買，沒有必要擔(dān)心。你會發(fā)現(xiàn)它們在演播室等你隨時下載）可知，如果不小心刪除了YgaDigital上購買的內(nèi)容，可以從演播室重新下載。故選B。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Yur wrk will be highlighted in an nline envirnment entirely fr Yga cntent t help get rid f the 'nise' f sme ther nline platfrms.（你的工作將在一個完全為瑜伽內(nèi)容的在線環(huán)境中突出顯示，以幫助擺脫一些其他在線平臺的'噪音'）可知，YgaDigital通過提供一個專注的環(huán)境來幫助老師擺脫"噪音"。A．By prviding a fcused envirnment.通過提供一個專注的環(huán)境；B．By cpying it.通過復(fù)制它；C．By prtecting yur intellectual prperty.通過保護(hù)你的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)；D．By clearing it away.把它清除掉。故選A。
（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合最后一段YgaDigital is an ideal chice，bringing the width and pwer f Yga t supprt yur life jurney in all its many frms.（YgaDigital是一個理想的選擇，它帶來瑜伽的廣度和力量，以各種形式支持你的人生旅程）可知，本文主要介紹了專為瑜伽愛好者設(shè)計的應(yīng)用程序YgaDigital，故A項"YgaDigital：支持生活的一個正確選擇"適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A。
passage 10
Using the pwer f artificial intelligence （AI），scientists have revealed new insights int the creatin and destructin f mass extinctin.Cntrary t cnventinal knwledge，their study suggests that larger extinctins are nt always a frm f "creative destructin" that allws new rganisms t radiate （向周圍輻射出去）and evlve.Instead，it suggests that mass extinctin is rarely assciated with new species f radiatin.
Dr.Hyal Cuthill，the lead study authr frm the University f Essex in the UK and the Tky Institute f Technlgy，said in a statement， "Sme f the mst challenging things t understand the histry f life are the vast timelines invlved and the number f species.New machine learning applicatins can help us understand the infrmatin in human﹣readable frm.This means that we can，s t speak，hld the evlutin f half a billin years in the palm f ur hand and gain new insights frm what we see."
They cncluded that mass extinctin and later radiatin were nt cnnected as previusly thught.Within 5 percent f the mst significant perids f disruptin（中斷），AI detected "big five mass extinctins，seven mre mass extinctins，tw mass extinctin﹣radiatin events and 15 mass radiatins.Mst imprtantly，it discvers that massive radiatin and extinctin rarely ccurred with each ther，changing the view that greater extinctin leads t a kind f deep cycle﹣like species radiatin f nature.It appears that larger extinctins are certainly nt the engine f evlutinary radiatin.Take the Cambrian Explsin fr example and it was abut 41 millin years ag when a large grup f animals first appeared n the first fssil recrd and the dawn f a high mbile animal equipped with mdern physical features.
This new study fund that a handful f ther ntable explsins f bidiversity，including the Cambrian Explsin，usually ccurred at a time when they were largely islated（孤立的）frm Guttenberg，a study c﹣authr frm the Tky Institute f Technlgy explained，"Ecsystems are dynamic and yu dn't need anything t exist t allw smething new t appear."
（1）What's the functin f the first paragraph？
A.T analyze the cause f creative destructin.
B.T tell us the result f the new study.
C.T explain the pwer f artificial intelligence.
D.T present the cnventinal idea f mass extinctin.
（2）What d Dr.Hyal Cuthill's wrds imply？
A.New AI machines learn applicatins better.
B.It's difficult t understand the histry f life.
C.New species appear befre mass extinctin.
D.AI cntributes a lt t the study f evlutin.
（3）Why is the Cambrian Explsin mentined in the text？
A.T prvide knwledge f histry.
B.T highlight the imprtance f AI.
C.T supprt the new study.
D.T prve the previus view is right.
（4）What is the text mainly abut？
A.A new understanding f mass extinctin.
B.The prcesses f bilgical evlutin.
C.Animal species with mdern physical features.
D.The relatinship between mass extinctin and radiatin.
【答案】BDCA
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了利用人工智能對大規(guī)模物種滅絕進(jìn)行的研究情況及產(chǎn)生的新見解。
【解答】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的Using the pwer f artificial intelligence （AI），scientists have revealed new insights int the creatin and destructin f mass extinctin.Cntrary t cnventinal knwledge，their study suggests that larger extinctins are nt always a frm f "creative destructin" that allws new rganisms t radiate （向周圍輻射出去） and evlve.Instead，it suggests that mass extinctin is rarely assciated with new species f radiatin. （利用人工智能的力量，科學(xué)家們揭示了對大規(guī)模滅絕的產(chǎn)生和破壞的新見解。與傳統(tǒng)知識相反，他們的研究表明，更大的滅絕并不總是一種"創(chuàng)造性破壞"的形式，允許新的生物輻射和進(jìn)化。相反，它表明大規(guī)模滅絕很少與新的輻射物種有關(guān)。）可知第一段的作用在于告訴讀者一種新發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B。
（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的New machine learning applicatins can help us understand the infrmatin in human﹣readable frm.This means that we can，s t speak，hld the evlutin f half a billin years in the palm f ur hand and gain new insights frm what we see. （新的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用程序可以幫助我們以人類可讀的形式理解信息。這意味著，可以這么說，我們可以將五億年的演化掌握在手掌中，并從我們所看到的中獲得新的見解。）可知，人工智能可以幫助人類學(xué)習(xí)，掌握5億年的進(jìn)化知識的同時還能得出新的見解，所以對人類進(jìn)行進(jìn)化研究貢獻(xiàn)很大。故選D。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的Take the Cambrian Explsin fr example and it was abut 41 millin years ag when a large grup f animals first appeared n the first fssil recrd and the dawn f a high mbile animal equipped with mdern physical features. （以寒武紀(jì)大爆發(fā)為例，大約在4100萬年前，一大群動物首次出現(xiàn)在第一個化石記錄上，并出現(xiàn)了一種具有現(xiàn)代物理特征的高機(jī)動動物的黎明。）以及最后一段中的This new study fund that a handful f ther ntable explsins f bidiversity，including the Cambrian Explsin，usually ccurred at a time when they were largely islated （孤立的） frm extinctin. （這項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，其他一些值得注意的生物多樣性爆炸，包括寒武紀(jì)大爆發(fā)，通常發(fā)生在它們基本上與滅絕隔離的時候。）可知，在寒武紀(jì)大爆發(fā)中找到了值得注意的生物多樣性爆炸，所以文中提到寒武紀(jì)大爆發(fā)是為了支持新的研究，故選C。
（4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的Using the pwer f artificial intelligence （AI） ，scientists have revealed new insights int the creatin and destructin f mass extinctin. （利用人工智能的力量，科學(xué)家們對大規(guī)模滅絕的產(chǎn)生和破壞有了新的見解。）以及下文的講述可知，文章主要介紹了利用人工智能對大規(guī)模物種滅絕進(jìn)行的研究情況及產(chǎn)生的新認(rèn)識，因此A項A new understanding f mass extinctin. （對大滅絕的新認(rèn)識）符合文意。故選A。
passage 11
As the cncept f emtinal intelligence （EI） has gne glbal，we've watched prfessinals fail as they try t imprve their emtinal intelligence because they either dn't knw where t fcus their effrts r they haven't understd hw t imprve these skills n a practical level.In ur wrk cnsulting with cmpanies and caching leaders，we have fund that if yu're lking t develp particular EI strengths，it helps t cnsider areas fr imprvement thers have identified alng with the gals yu want t achieve﹣and then t actively build habits in thse areas rather than simply relying n understanding them cnceptually.
The first step is t get a sense f hw yur self﹣perceptin （hw yu see yurself） differs frm yur reputatin （hw thers see yu）.This is especially true fr the develpment f EI because we can be blind t hw we express and read the emtinal cmpnents f ur interactins.Fr example，mst f us think that we're gd listeners，but very ften that's really nt the case.Withut this external reality check，it will be difficult fr yu t identify the ways that yur actins affect yur perfrmance.Getting feedback frm thers can als prvide prf f the necessity f shifting ur behavir and mtivatin t d s.
T give yu the best sense f where the differences lie between yur self﹣perceptin and reputatin，yu shuld use a 360﹣degree feedback assessment that takes int accunt the multiple aspects f EI.The key is t find ne t give yu feedback，which is fcused n develpment and nt n perfrmance assessment.And that can give yu a detailed understanding f hw ther peple's assessments f yu differ frm yur wn assessments.
Secndly，when yu get yur feedback frm an assessment，let that infrm what yu want t imprve.But als cnsider what yur gals are.When it cmes t cultivating strengths in emtinal intelligence，yu're at a huge disadvantage if yu're nly interested because thers say yu shuld be.Yur emtinal intelligence is s tied up in yur sense f self that being intrinsically （內(nèi)在的） mtivated t make the effrt matters mre when changing lngstanding habits than it des when simply learning a skill.
That means the areas that yu chse t actively wrk n shuld lie at the intersectin f the feedback yu've gtten and the areas that are mst imprtant t yur wn aspiratins.Understanding the influences f yur current EI habits relative t yur gals will keep yu ging ver a lng perid f time as yu d the wrk f strengthening yur emtinal intelligence.
（1）What d we knw frm the first paragraph？
A．Prfessinals fail t understand the cncepts f EI.
B．EI plays a key rle in prfessinal develpment.
C．Leaders are badly in need f imprving their EI.
D．Yu knw hw t imprve EI better with thers' help.
（2）Accrding t the passage，which f the fllwing is an "external reality check"？
A．Yu gt help frm yur parents when making a key decisin.
B．Yur teacher directed yu twards a better attitude in study.
C．Yu reflected yurself and made a New Year Reslutin.
D．Yur career develpment speeds up with the guidance f thers.
（3）What's the main idea f Paragraph 4？
A．It's mst reliable t fllw yur inner call when yu want t imprve yur EI.
B．It's hard fr thers t knw yur EI because it hides deeply behind yur inner sense.
C．When yu want t imprve EI，yu shuld take yur gals int cnsideratin.
D．Acquiring a new skill is mre significant than yur attempt t imprve yur EI.
（4）Which f the fllwing might the authr agree with？
A．Effective EI develpment is determined by different factrs.
B．EI develpment is unlikely t happen unless yu knw what EI really is.
C．The imprtance f perfrmance assessment is underestimated.
D．Yur inner self discurages yu frm imprving yur EI.
【答案】DBCA
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了發(fā)展特定的情商優(yōu)勢的方法。
【解答】（1）推理判斷題。由本文第一自然段中的關(guān)鍵句In ur wrk cnsulting with cmpanies and caching leaders，we have fund that if yu're lking t develp particular EI strengths，it helps t cnsider areas fr imprvement thers have identified alng with the gals yu want t achieve﹣and then t actively build habits in thse areas rather than simply relying n understanding them cnceptually.（在與公司咨詢和指導(dǎo)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的工作中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果你想要發(fā)展特定的EI優(yōu)勢，考慮其他人已經(jīng)確定的改進(jìn)領(lǐng)域以及你想要實現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，然后積極地在這些領(lǐng)域建立習(xí)慣，而不是簡單地依賴于概念上的理解是有幫助的。）可知你知道如何在別人的幫助下更好地提高情商。故選D。
（2）推理判斷題。由本文第二自然段The first step is t get a sense f hw yur self﹣perceptin （hw yu see yurself） differs frm yur reputatin （hw thers see yu）.This is especially true fr the develpment f EI because we can be blind t hw we express and read the emtinal cmpnents f ur interactins.Fr example，mst f us think that we're gd listeners，but very ften that's really nt the case.Withut this external reality check，it will be difficult fr yu t identify the ways that yur actins affect yur perfrmance.Getting feedback frm thers can als prvide prf f the necessity f shifting ur behavir and mtivatin t d s.（第一步是弄清楚你的自我認(rèn)知（你如何看待自己）和你的聲譽(yù)（別人如何看待你）有何不同。對于情商的發(fā)展來說尤其如此，因為我們可能對我們?nèi)绾伪磉_(dá)和閱讀我們互動中的情感成分視而不見。例如，我們大多數(shù)人都認(rèn)為自己是好的傾聽者，但事實往往并非如此。如果沒有這種______，你就很難確定你的行為是如何影響你的表現(xiàn)的。從別人那里得到反饋也可以證明我們改變行為的必要性和動機(jī)。）可知劃線詞external reality check指的是"外部現(xiàn)實檢查"，B．Yur teacher directed yu twards a better attitude in study.（你的老師教導(dǎo)你要有更好的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度。）就是一種外部現(xiàn)實檢查。故選B。
（3）段落大意題。由本文第四自然段的內(nèi)容Secndly，when yu get yur feedback frm an assessment，let that infrm what yu want t imprve.But als cnsider what yur gals are.When it cmes t cultivating strengths in emtinal intelligence，yu're at a huge disadvantage if yu're nly interested because thers say yu shuld be.Yur emtinal intelligence is s tied up in yur sense f self that being intrinsically（內(nèi)在的） mtivated t make the effrt matters mre when changing lngstanding habits than it des when simply learning a skill.（其次，當(dāng)你從評估中得到反饋時，讓它告訴你想要改進(jìn)的地方。但也要考慮你的目標(biāo)是什么。當(dāng)談到培養(yǎng)情商的優(yōu)勢時，如果你只是因為別人說你應(yīng)該感興趣，你就會處于巨大的劣勢。你的情商與你的自我意識密切相關(guān)，所以在改變長期的習(xí)慣時，內(nèi)在的動力更重要，而不僅僅是學(xué)習(xí)一項技能。）可知第四段主要講述了當(dāng)你想提高情商時，你應(yīng)該考慮你的目標(biāo)。故選C。
（4）推理判斷題。由本文第一自然段In ur wrk cnsulting with cmpanies and caching leaders，we have fund that if yu're lking t develp particular EI strengths，it helps t cnsider areas fr imprvement thers have identified alng with the gals yu want t achieve﹣and then t actively build habits in thse areas rather than simply relying n understanding them cnceptually.（在與公司咨詢和指導(dǎo)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的工作中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果你想要發(fā)展特定的情商優(yōu)勢，考慮其他人已經(jīng)確定的改進(jìn)領(lǐng)域以及你想要實現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，然后積極地在這些領(lǐng)域建立習(xí)慣，而不是簡單地依賴于概念上的理解是有幫助的。）可知作者可能會同意的是有效的情商發(fā)展取決于不同的因素。故選A。
passage 12
Researchers have designed a 4 D﹣printed sft rbt that self﹣assembles （自動組裝） when heated and can take n challenging tasks like rlling uphill and navigating an unpredictable landscape.
"Like an insect with antennae （天線），the rbt can vercme a small bstacle.But when the bstacle is t high，it will turn back and never cme back，" says senir authr Wei Feng，a materials scientist at Tianjin University in China. "The whle prcess is finished by itself withut human's cntrl."
When the surface beneath it is heated，the rbt frm a tube like a spring.The change in shape adds time as a furth dimensin （維度）t the printing prcess，making it 4 D．
Once the rbt frms a tube，the cntact frm the ht surface causes a respnse in the material，which causes it t rll in ne directin.The driving frce behind this mtin is s strng that the rbt can climb up a 20° incline （斜度） r even carry a lad 40 times its wn weight.The length f the rbt affects its speed，with lnger rbts rlling faster than the shrter nes.
The researchers caught vides shwing ff the rbt's skills，including a race between differently sized rbts and anther rbt carrying a cart.The vides als shw hw its behavir changes based n its surrundings，with the rbt either climbing up a step r changing directins when encuntering a difficult bstacle.
Fr Feng，the behavir f the rbt came as a surprise.He says， "We fund many interesting driving phenmena besides the change f shape." In the future，these sft rbts may be used t perfrm wrk in small，limited places like in a pipe. "We hpe that sft rbts will n lnger be limited t simple actuatrs （驅(qū)動器），which can nly change shape in a fixed psitin，" says Feng.
（1）What will the rbt d when an bstacle is beynd its reach？
A．Give up reaching it.
B．G back t ask fr help.
C．Search fr anther ne.
D．Turn t the peple arund.
（2）What will happen when the rbt is heated？
A．It will becme a spring.
B．It will change faster.
C．It will change its shape.
D．It will be ut f cntrl.
（3）What can affect the rlling speed f the rbt？
A．Hw heavy it is.
B．Hw lng it is.
C．What it lks like.
D．What directin it rlls in.
（4）Hw des Feng expect the rbt t becme？
A．Mre beautiful.
B．Mre accessible.
C．Mre cnvenient.
D．Mre pwerful.
【答案】ACBD
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種4 D打印的軟機(jī)器人。
【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由本文第二自然段中的關(guān)鍵句But when the bstacle is t high，it will turn back and never cme back，（但當(dāng)障礙太高時，它就會折返，永遠(yuǎn)不會回來，）可知如果障礙物無法觸及時機(jī)器人會放棄接觸它。故選A。
（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由本文第三自然段中的關(guān)鍵句When the surface beneath it is heated，the rbt frm a tube like a spring.The change in shape adds time as a furth dimensin （維度） t the printing prcess，making it 4 D.（當(dāng)它下面的表面被加熱時，機(jī)器人就會形成一個像彈簧一樣的管子。形狀的變化將時間作為第四個維度添加到打印過程中，使其成為4 D。）可知當(dāng)機(jī)器人被加熱時會改變形狀。故選C。
（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由本文第四自然段The length f the rbt affects its speed，with lnger rbts rlling faster than the shrter nes.（機(jī)器人的長度會影響它的速度，較長的機(jī)器人比較短的機(jī)器人滾動得更快。）可知機(jī)器人的長度可以影響它的速度。故選B。
（4）推理判斷題。由本文最后一自然段We hpe that sft rbts will n lnger be limited t simple actuatrs （驅(qū)動器），which can nly change shape in a fixed psitin，" says Feng.（"我們希望軟體機(jī)器人不再局限于只能在固定位置改變形狀的簡單驅(qū)動器，"馮說。）可知馮希望該機(jī)器人的功能更強(qiáng)大。故選D。
passage 13
A new kind f slar panel，develped at the University f Michigan，has achieved high efficiency in transfrming water int hydrgen and xygen—imitating a crucial step in natural phtsynthesis（光合作用）.The utdr versin f the experiment，with less reliable sunlight and temperature，achieved 6.1% efficiency at turning the energy frm the sun int hydrgen fuel.Hwever，indrs，the system achieved 9% efficiency.
But the biggest benefit is driving dwn the cst f sustainable hydrgen.This is enabled by reducing the size f the semicnductr（半導(dǎo)體），typically the mst expensive part f the device.The team's self﹣healing semicnductr withstands cncentrated light equivalent t 160 suns.
"We believe that artificial phtsynthesis devices will be much mre efficient than natural phtsynthesis，which will prvide a path tward carbn neutrality，" said Zetian Mi，U﹣M prfessr f electrical and cmputer engineering wh led the study reprted in Nature.
The new technlgy has tw advances.The first is the ability t cncentrate the sunlight withut destrying the semicnductr that traps the light. "We reduced the size f the semicnductr by mre than 100 times cmpared t sme semicnductrs nly wrking at lw light intensity，" said Peng Zhu，U﹣M research fellw in electrical and cmputer engineering and first authr f the study. "Hydrgen prduced by ur technlgy culd be very cheap."
And the secnd is using bth the higher energy part f the slar spectrum（光譜） t break dwn water and the lwer part f the spectrum t prvide heat that encurages the reactin.The magic is enabled by a semicnductr catalyst（催化劑） that imprves itself with use，resisting the degradatin（降解） that such catalysts usually experience when they trap sunlight t drive chemical reactins.
The next challenges the team intends t tackle are t further imprve the efficiency and t achieve superhigh purity hydrgen that can be directly fed int fuel cells.
（1）What leads t the lwer cst f sustainable hydrgen？
A．Slar energy.
B．Smaller semicnductrs.
C．Natural phtsynthesis.
D．Mre cncentrated light.
（2）What is an advantage f the new technlgy？
A．A catalyst easily available.
B．Creative use f the slar spectrum.
C．Outstanding ability t reflect light.
D．A semicnductr wrking at lw light intensity.
（3）Why are the tw advances f the new slar panel mentined？
A．T intrduce a greener lifestyle.
B．T prmte its cmmercial value.
C．T state its technical breakthrugh.
D．T advertise the ptential applicatin.
（4）Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text？
A．A．New Trend in Water Usage.
B．The Future f Sustainable Hydrgen.
C．Slar Energy：Mre Efficient，Greener.
D．Cheaper Hydrgen Thrugh Slar Pwer.
【答案】BBCD
【分析】這是一篇說明文。密歇根大學(xué)通過模仿自然的光合作用，開發(fā)了一種新型太陽能電池板，它能高效地將水轉(zhuǎn)化為氫。
【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段But the biggest benefit is driving dwn the cst f sustainable hydrgen.This is enabled by reducing the size f the semicnductr （但最大的好處是降低了可持續(xù)氫的成本。這是通過減小半導(dǎo)體的尺寸實現(xiàn)的）可知，導(dǎo)致持續(xù)氫的低成本的原因是半導(dǎo)體的尺寸更小了。故選B。
（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段The new technlgy has tw advances. （這項新技術(shù)有兩個進(jìn)步。 ）和第五段And the secnd is using bth the higher energy part f the slar spectrum（光譜） t break dwn water and the lwer part f the spectrum t prvide heat that encurages the reactin.（第二個進(jìn)步是利用太陽光譜的高能量部分來分解水，并利用光譜的低能量部分提供熱量來促進(jìn)反應(yīng)。）可知，這項新技術(shù)（新的太陽能電池板）的一個優(yōu)勢是創(chuàng)造性利用太陽光譜。故選B。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段The first is the ability t cncentrate the sunlight withut destrying the semicnductr that traps the light. （首先是在不破壞捕獲光的半導(dǎo)體的情況下集中太陽光的能力。）和第五段And the secnd is using bth the higher energy part f the slar spectrum t break dwn water and the lwer part f the spectrum t prvide heat that encurages the reactin. （第二個進(jìn)步是利用太陽光譜的高能量部分來分解水，并利用光譜的低能量部分提供熱量來促進(jìn)反應(yīng)。）可知，文章提到新型太陽能電池板的兩項進(jìn)步是為了陳述其技術(shù)突破。故選C。
（4）標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文和第一段A new kind f slar panel，develped at the University f Michigan，has achieved high efficiency in transfrming water int hydrgen and xygen（ 密歇根大學(xué)開發(fā)的一種新型太陽能電池板已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)了高效地將水轉(zhuǎn)化為氫和氧）和第四段Hydrgen prduced by ur technlgy culd be very cheap.（用我們的技術(shù)生產(chǎn)氫氣可能會非常便宜。）可知，本文主要講了利用太陽能將水轉(zhuǎn)化為氫和氧（本文重點強(qiáng)調(diào)了氫），利用這個技術(shù)生產(chǎn)的氫非常便宜。D項Cheaper Hydrgen Thrugh Slar Pwer（通過太陽能發(fā)電更便宜的氫）是最合適的標(biāo)題。故選D。
passage 14
First the rbts came fr ur jbs.Nw they're cming fr ur hbbies.Ggle's DeepMind AI lab has been busy the past few years，creating prgrams t take n human players acrss a variety f games.In 2016 its AlphaG beat the best G player in the wrld.Earlier this year，its Alpha Star defeated tw middle﹣tier players at the ppular nline game StarCraft II.Nw it's learning t win at multiplayer games.
"Artificially intelligent agents are getting better and better at tw﹣player games，but mst real﹣wrld endeavrs require teamwrk，" DeepMind's researchers wrte in a paper published in Science in June.
T be sure，cmputers have been prving their dminance （優(yōu)越） ver humans in ne﹣n﹣ne turn﹣based games such as chess ever since IBM's Deep Blue beat Russian chess master Garry Kasparv in 1997.
Hwever，successfully using teamwrk t win in multiplayer games with cmplex envirnments was difficult t achieve.
Fr this purpse，DeepMind's researchers designed AI agents that taught themselves hw t play first﹣persn game Quake III Arena.The team，led by Max Jaderberg，wrked n a mdified （修改的） versin f Quake III Arena.
The game mde they chse was "Capture （搶） the Flag".All the players must wrk tgether t steal the ther team's flag while safeguarding their wn.
The AI agents "trained" with 12 hurs f game data，then matched up against prfessinal game testers.The AI wn 75 percent f the time，even when its reactin time artificially slwed dwn t human levels and when their aiming ability was similarly reduced.
And in rder t make imprvements，the prgrammers used varius kinds f "rewards" t help the AI players weigh their gals and actins t help them cperate in the teamwrk.They als used randmized maps fr each new match.
"That meant the slutins that the agents find have t be general– they cannt just memrize a sequence （系列） f actins，" said c﹣authr Wjciech Czarnecki.
The nly time humans were able t beat the AI agents was when they teamed up tgether.A team cnsisting f ne human and ne AI agent had a five percent greater win prbability than a team f just AI agents.
Ethan Gach said at the vide game news website Ktaku， "It suggests that the AI prgram is able t adapt t playing with nn﹣AI teammates." In the near future，AI may cperate with human beings in sme ther fields，such as medicine and ther branches f science.
（1）What might be the mst difficult task fr AI agents in multiplayer games？
A．Understanding the rules.
B．Cperating with ther players.
C．Memrizing cmplex actins.
D．Increasing reactin speed.
（2）Hw did the researchers f Ggle's DeepMind train AI agents？
A．They gave varius "punishments" when AI agents lst the games.
B．They made AI agents team up with nn﹣prfessinal human players.
C．They limited the time fr AI agents t cmplete difficult tasks.
D．They put them thrugh thusands f games with different situatins.
（3）What des Gach mean in the last paragraph？
A．AI players perfrm better than humans in a team game.
B．AI prgrams shuld be ffered mre game data.
C．AI players are able t d well with human players.
D．AI prgrams have been successfully applied in the field f medicine.
（4）The underlined wrd "randmized" in Paragraph 8 can be understd as .
A．generalized
B．specialized
C．updated
D．memrized
（5）What's the best title f this passage？
A．Researches n DeepMind AI
B．Training AI Agentn AI
C．Teaming up with AI
D．AI Cmpeting with Human Beings
【答案】BDCAC
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了人工智能在團(tuán)隊合作上的發(fā)展，人工智能可以通過訓(xùn)練與人類在不同的領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行團(tuán)隊合作。
【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的Hwever，successfully using teamwrk t win in multiplayer games with cmplex envirnments was difficult t achieve.（然而，在復(fù)雜環(huán)境的多人游戲中成功利用團(tuán)隊合作獲勝是很困難的。）可知，團(tuán)隊合作可能是很困難的任務(wù)。故選B。
（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段中的The AI agents "trained" with 12 hurs f game data，then matched up against prfessinal game testers.（AI代理使用12小時的游戲數(shù)據(jù) 進(jìn)行"訓(xùn)練"，然后與專業(yè)游戲測試人員進(jìn)行匹配。）以及第八段中的And in rder t make imprvements，the prgrammers used varius kinds f "rewards" t help the AI players weigh their gals and actins t help them cperate in the teamwrk.（而為了做出改進(jìn)，程序員們用各種"獎勵"來幫助AI玩家權(quán)衡他們的目標(biāo)和行動，幫助他們在團(tuán)隊合作中合作。）可知，研究者通過將人工智能置于各種不同的情況下進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練。故選D。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段中的Ethan Gach said at the vide game news website Ktaku，"It suggests that the AI prgram is able t adapt t playing with nn﹣AI teammates."（Ethan Gach在視頻游戲新聞網(wǎng)站Ktaku上說，"這表明AI程序能夠適應(yīng)與非AI隊友一起玩。"）可知，Ethan Gach認(rèn)為人工智能在與人類玩家合作中表現(xiàn)很好。故選C。
（4）詞句猜測題。結(jié)合劃線單詞所在的句子They als used…maps fr each new match.（他們?yōu)槊恳豢钚掠螒蚴褂谩匦螆D。）可知，他們也使用新比賽的各種地形圖來訓(xùn)練人工智能的團(tuán)隊合作，再根據(jù)第四段Hwever，successfully using teamwrk t win in multiplayer games with cmplex envirnments was difficult t achieve.（然而，在復(fù)雜環(huán)境的多人游戲中成功利用團(tuán)隊合作獲勝是很困難的。）可知，多玩家游戲相對來說環(huán)境是很復(fù)雜的，所以在訓(xùn)練過程中的地圖也不應(yīng)該是固定的，而是隨機(jī)的，由此可猜測該單詞的意思是"隨機(jī)化的"，A．generalized廣泛的；B．specialized專門的；C．updated更新的；D．memrized記憶的。generalized詞義最為接近。故選A。
（5）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段"Artificially intelligent agents are getting better and better at tw﹣player games，but mst real﹣wrld endeavrs require teamwrk，" DeepMind's researchers wrte in a paper published in Science in June.（"人工智能代理在雙人游戲中越來越好，但大多數(shù)現(xiàn)實世界的努力都需要團(tuán)隊合作，"DeepMind的研究人員在六月發(fā)表在《科學(xué)》雜志上的一篇論文中寫道。）可知，人工智能在雙人游戲?qū)?zhàn)中表現(xiàn)越來越好，但是大多數(shù)的現(xiàn)實世界中需要的是團(tuán)隊合作，由此引出下文的介紹，研究者通過訓(xùn)練來培養(yǎng)人工智能的團(tuán)隊合作能力，結(jié)合尾段In the near future，AI may cperate with human beings in sme ther fields，such as medicine and ther branches f science.（在不久的將來，人工智能可能會在其他一些領(lǐng)域與人類合作，例如醫(yī)學(xué)和其他科學(xué)分支。）可知，在未來，人工智能能在某些領(lǐng)域與人類合作，所以該文主要介紹的是人工智能的團(tuán)隊合作。故選C。
passage 15
Technlgy caused the prblem f false news，and it's easy t think that technlgy can slve it and that we nly need t find the right technlgy t slve the prblem.But this apprach ignres valuable lessns cncerned with hw we acquire knwledge.
T understand hw false news cmes，start with an example.Imagine yu're ut fr drinks when ne f yur friends shcks the table with an unprven stry abut a lcal famus peple.The stry is s shcking yu're nt sure it culd be right.But then，here's yur gd friend，putting their reputatin n the line.Maybe yu shuld believe it.
This is an instance f what philsphers call testimny （證詞）.It's similar t the srt f testimny given in a curtrm，but it is less frmal and much mre frequent.Testimny happens any time yu believe smething because smene else prves the accuracy f the infrmatin.Mst f ur knwledge abut the wrld is secndhand knwledge that cmes t us thrugh testimny.After all，we can't each d all f ur wn scientific research，r make ur wn maps f distant cities.
Scial media has strange testimnial rules，and it is hard t slve the prblem f false news.On Facebk，Twitter and similar platfrms，peple dn't always mean what they say，and we dn't always expect them t.A the infrmal Twitter：advertisement ges： "A retweet （轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)推文） is nt an apprval." When a well﹣knwn plitician was caught retweeting false statistics abut race and crime，he tld Fx News it wasn't a big deal： "am I gnna check every statistic？All it was is a retweet.It wasn't frm me." Intellectually （理智上），we knw that peple d this all f the time n scial media，and pass alng news withut checking its accuracy，but many f us listen t them anyway.The infrmatin they share is just t attractive t ignre﹣especially when it is abut ur existing plitical beliefs.
（1）Why d we tend t believe surprising news ver drinks？
A.We've cnfirmed it.
B.We may be drunken.
C.We find it amazing.
D.We trust in ur friends.
（2）What des the underlined wrd "it" refer t in paragraph 3？
A.The statement in curt.
B.The talk in a restaurant.
C.The evidence f a crime.
D.The testimny f a philspher.
（3）Why is it easy fr us t believe the cntent prducers n scial media？
A.We are tlerant f their actins.
B.Scial media have issued dd regulatins.
C.We will identify with them readily.
D.Scial media dn't check the infrmatin.
（4）What may be the best title fr the text？
A.Hw t Fix False News
B.Hw Incrrect Infrmatin Arrives
C.What Infrmatin t Acquire
D.When Testimny Disturbs Audience
【答案】DBCB
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人們總認(rèn)為技術(shù)可以解決假新聞這個問題，其實不然，文章分析了假新聞是如何產(chǎn)生的。
【解答】（1）推理判斷題。由此篇文章第二段中的關(guān)鍵句The stry is s shcking yu're nt sure it culd be right.But then，here's yur gd friend，putting their reputatin n the line.Maybe yu shuld believe it.（這個故事太令人震驚了，你不確定它是否正確。但現(xiàn)在，你的好朋友冒著名譽(yù)風(fēng)險。也許你應(yīng)該相信。）可知你是因為相信自己的朋友才相信這則消息。故選D。
（2）代詞指代題。由此篇文章第三段This is an instance f what philsphers call testimny （證詞）.It's similar t the srt f testimny given in a curtrm，but it is less frmal and much mre frequent.（這就是哲學(xué)家所說的證詞。它類似于法庭上的證詞，但它不那么正式，而且更頻繁。）可知，這個"it"指的正是哲學(xué)家所說的"證詞"，而這個證詞指的是第二段的Imagine yu're ut fr drinks when ne f yur friends shcks the table with an unprven stry abut a lcal famus peple.The stry is s shcking yu're nt sure it culd be right.But then，here's yur gd friend，putting their reputatin n the line.Maybe yu shuld believe it. （想象一下，當(dāng)你出去喝酒時，你的一個朋友說了一個關(guān)于當(dāng)?shù)孛说奈唇?jīng)證實的故事，震驚了整個桌子。這個故事太令人震驚了，你不確定它是否正確。但現(xiàn)在，你的好朋友冒著名譽(yù)風(fēng)險。也許你應(yīng)該相信。）可知這個it所指的正是在餐廳里的談話。A.The statement in curt.法庭上的陳述；B.The talk in a restaurant.餐館里的談話；C.The evidence f a crime.犯罪的證據(jù)；D.The testimny f a philspher.哲學(xué)家的證詞。故選B。
（3）推理判斷題。由此篇文章第三段中的關(guān)鍵句Testimny happens any time yu believe smething because smene else prves the accuracy f the infrmatin.（任何時候，當(dāng)你相信某件事，因為別人證明了該信息的準(zhǔn)確性時，證詞就會發(fā)生。）和最后一段中的關(guān)鍵句Intellectually （理智上），we knw that peple d this all f the time n scial media，and pass alng news withut checking its accuracy，but many f us listen t them anyway.The infrmatin they share is just t attractive t ignre﹣especially when it is abut ur existing plitical beliefs.（理智上，我們知道人們在社交媒體上一直都是這樣做的，并且在不檢查準(zhǔn)確性的情況下傳遞新聞，但我們中的許多人還是會聽它們。他們分享的信息太有吸引力了，不容忽視﹣﹣﹣尤其是當(dāng)它涉及到我們現(xiàn)有的政治信仰時。）可知我們會很容易地與社交媒體上的內(nèi)容生產(chǎn)者產(chǎn)生共鳴。故選C。
（4）標(biāo)題判斷題。由此篇文章第一段中的關(guān)鍵句But this apprach ignres valuable lessns cncerned with hw we acquire knwledge.（但是，這種方法忽略了與我們?nèi)绾潍@得知識有關(guān)的寶貴經(jīng)驗。）第二段T understand hw false news cmes，start with an example.（要了解假新聞是如何產(chǎn)生的，請從一個例子開始。）以及最后一段中的關(guān)鍵句Scial media has strange testimnial rules，and it is hard t slve the prblem f false news.（社交媒體有著奇怪的證言規(guī)則，虛假新聞的問題很難解決。）可知，本文解釋了假新聞是如何產(chǎn)生的。所以"不正確的信息是如何產(chǎn)生的"作為題目最合適。故選B。
passage 16
While mst f us are never withut ur smartphnes，rbts may als sn becme essential cmpanins.It certainly seems s based n the recent experiments cnducted by researchers in Japan，wh develped a wearable sft rbt fr patients t use during treatments，such as injectins（注射）and ther unpleasant therapies in an attempt t ease their pain and defend peple against anxiety.On being subjected t a mderate heat stimulus（刺激），the study participants wh wre the rbt experienced less pain than in the tests in which they did nt wear the rbt.
During the campaign t encurage vaccinatin against COVID﹣19，public health fficials recgnized that sme peple are simply afraid f needles，which cntributed t reduced vaccinatin rates.While the prblems f patient anxiety and pain during medical prcedures have been well studied，there remains a need t test and implement slutins t help patients.
The sft fur﹣cvered rbt the scientists called Relieb was designed t be attached t the participant's hand.The researchers tested its effectiveness under varius cnditins based n the clenching f the participant's hand，while applying the painful thermal stimulus t the ther arm that was nt being used t hld the rbt.The researchers fund that hlding the rbt helped relieve the experience fr patients regardless f the experimental cnditins used，and cncluded that the feelings f well﹣being that can be created by human tuch may have als been activated by the rbt."It is well knwn that interpersnal tuch can reduce pain and fear，and we believe that this effect can be achieved even with nnliving sft rbts，"states Prfessr Tanaka.
This may be useful when actual human cntact is nt feasible，such as during pandemics.Future versins f the rbt might use a cntrlled gaze r even AR（augmented reality）technlgies t help build a cnnectin with the patient r distract them frm pain perceptin in varius situatins.
（1）What is the purpse f the rbt？
A.T assist dctrs in injecting accurately.
B.T help relieve peple's pain frm injectins.
C.T evaluate patients' physical and mental health.
D.T assess the effects f getting vaccinated against COVID﹣19.
（2）Hw des the rbt ease the pain and anxiety f the patients？
A.The rbt is designed t be attached t the patients' hand.
B.The rbt's sft fur gives the patients a feelings f well﹣being.
C.The rbt's"interpersnal tuch"creates a feelings f well﹣being.
D.The rbt instructs the researchers t relieve the experience fr patients.
（3）What will researchers prbably d next？
A.Develp ther devices fr medical treatment.
B.Carry ut mre and mre tests n the rbt.
C.Evaluate the pssible risk f using the rbt.
D.Prmte the applicatin f the rbt wrldwide.
（4）Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage？
A.Hw t Reduce Peple's Fear f Injectins.
B.Advanced Technlgy Helps t Cure Patients.
C.Being Afraid f Needles Reduced Vaccinatin Rates.
D.Wearable Sft Rbt Helps Peple Scare f injectins.
【答案】BCAD
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了日本研究人員最近進(jìn)行的實驗，他們開發(fā)了一種可穿戴的軟體機(jī)器人從而保護(hù)人們免受焦慮。
【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段It certainly seems s based n the recent experiments cnducted by researchers in Japan，wh develped a wearable sft rbt fr patients t use during treatments，such as injectins（注射） and ther unpleasant therapies in an attempt t ease their pain and defend peple against anxiety.（從日本研究人員最近進(jìn)行的實驗來看，似乎確實如此。他們開發(fā)了一種可穿戴的軟體機(jī)器人，供患者在治療期間使用，如注射和其他令人不快的治療，試圖減輕他們的疼痛，保護(hù)人們免受焦慮。）可知，這款機(jī)器人可以減輕患者的疼痛。故選B。
（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段The researchers fund that hlding the rbt helped relieve the experience fr patients regardless f the experimental cnditins used，and cncluded that the feelings f well ﹣being that can be created by human tuch may have als been activated by the rbt. "It is well knwn that interpersnal tuch can reduce pain and fear，and we believe that this effect can be achieved even with nnliving sft rbts，" states Prfessr Tanaka.（研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，無論實驗條件如何，抱著機(jī)器人都有助于緩解患者的體驗，并得出結(jié)論，人類觸摸所產(chǎn)生的幸福感可能也被機(jī)器人激活了。田中教授說："眾所周知，人與人之間的接觸可以減少疼痛和恐懼，我們相信即使是在無生命的軟體機(jī)器人身上也能達(dá)到這種效果。"）可知，這款機(jī)器人讓人們在觸摸它的時候產(chǎn)生了幸福感，從而緩解了疼痛和焦慮。故選C。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Future versins f the rbt might use a cntrlled gaze r even AR（augmented reality） technlgies t help build a cnnectin with the patient r distract them frm pain perceptin in varius situatins.（未來版本的機(jī)器人可能會使用控制凝視甚至AR（增強(qiáng)現(xiàn)實）技術(shù)來幫助與患者建立聯(lián)系，或在各種情況下分散他們對疼痛的感知。）可推斷，研究人員未來會開發(fā)一些其他的醫(yī)療功能。故選A。
（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章第一段It certainly seems s based n the recent experiments cnducted by researchers in Japan，wh develped a wearable sft rbt fr patients t use during treatments，such as injectins（注射） and ther unpleasant therapies in an attempt t ease their pain and defend peple against anxiety.On being subjected t a mderate heat stimulus（刺激），the study participants wh wre the rbt experienced less pain than in the tests in which they did nt wear the rbt. （從日本研究人員最近進(jìn)行的實驗來看，似乎確實如此。他們開發(fā)了一種可穿戴的軟體機(jī)器人，供患者在治療期間使用，如注射和其他令人不快的治療，試圖減輕他們的疼痛，保護(hù)人們免受焦慮。在接受適度的熱刺激時，佩戴機(jī)器人的研究參與者比不佩戴機(jī)器人的測試參與者感受到的疼痛要少。）及全文可知，文章主要介紹了一種可穿戴的軟體機(jī)器人，它們可以幫助那些害怕注射的人們，以緩解他們的焦慮。所以"Wearable Sft Rbt Helps Peple Scare f injectins.（可穿戴軟體機(jī)器人幫助人們避免打針。）"作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選D。
passage 17
A battery made f paper stands ut amng the 200 best inventins f the year in TIME Magazine. "It sunds impssible：Just add water t a piece f paper and get energy，" said TIME Magazine，wh chse the Swiss﹣made battery as ne f the winners in this year's "Experimental" inventins.
The battery was created by researchers at the Swiss Federal Labratry fr Materials Testing and Research. "Over the last decades，we have witnessed an increasing use f electrnic devices，leading in turn t electrnic waste （e﹣waste）becming the wrld's fastest grwing waste stream." wrte the researchers in their published paper.They develped the paper battery aiming t reduce the envirnmental impact f single﹣use electrnics by turning t mre envirnmentally friendly materials.
The battery was described t be made frm paper with salt inside and based n printed inks：tw kinds f inks cntaining different minerals acted as the psitive end and the negative end.Analysis f the perfrmance f a ne﹣cell paper battery shwed that after tw drps f water were added，the battery started wrking within 20 secnds and reached a stable vltage （電壓） f 1.2 V.After ne hur，the ne﹣cell battery's perfrmance drpped significantly as the paper dried ut.But after the researchers added tw extra drps f water，its perfrmance increased with a stable vltage f 0.5 V fr anther hur.
Within tw t five years，the technlgy culd be used in lw﹣pwer electrnics such as medical devices and smart packaging. "I see a new rle fr culd als be an answer t the grwing cncern ver e﹣waste，" said EMPA's Gustav Nystr?m，the inventr.He tld TIME Magazine they wanted t imprve the efficiency f the battery in the futured and get it wrking fr lnger.
Each year TIME Magazine lists a selectin f best inventins that "change hw we live"，based n their riginality，creativity，efficiency，impact and ther criteria.
（1）What did the researchers aim t d by develping a paper battery？
A．Create mre envirnmentally friendly materials.
B．Win the best experimental inventin f this year.
C．Reduce the impact f electrnics n the envirnment.
D．Make the develpment f electrnic devices grw faster.
（2）Hw did the researchers increase the perfrmance f the battery？
A．By rewetting the paper.
B．By drpping mre ink.
C．By shrtening its wrking hurs.
D．By adding anther paper battery.
（3）What aspect f the battery d the researchers plan t prmte accrding t Gustav Nystr?m？
A．Its creativity.
B．Its packaging.
C．Its technlgy.
D．Its efficiency.
（4）What is the text mainly abut？
A．Scientists invent a paper battery﹣just add water.
B．Paper battery is named amng wrld's best inventins.
C．TIME Magazine lists a selectin f inventins each year.
D．A new rle fr paper may help reduce the electrnic waste.
【答案】CADB
【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講的是紙電池被評為世界上最好的發(fā)明之一。
【解答】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的They develped the paper battery aiming t reduce the envirnmental impact f single﹣use electrnics by turning t mre envirnmentally friendly materials.（他們開發(fā)了紙電池，旨在通過轉(zhuǎn)向更環(huán)保的材料來減少一次性電子產(chǎn)品對環(huán)境的影響。）可推知，研究人員開發(fā)紙電池的目的是減少電子產(chǎn)品對環(huán)境的影響。故選C。
（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Analysis f the perfrmance f a ne﹣cell paper battery shwed that after tw drps f water were added，the battery started wrking within 20 secnds and reached a stable vltage （電壓） f 1.2 V.After ne hur，the ne﹣cell battery's perfrmance drpped significantly as the paper dried ut.But after the researchers added tw extra drps f water，its perfrmance increased with a stable vltage f 0.5 V fr anther hur.（對單芯紙電池的性能分析表明，在加入兩滴水后，電池在20秒內(nèi)開始工作，并達(dá)到1.2 V的穩(wěn)定電壓。一小時后，由于紙張變干，單電池的性能顯著下降。但在研究人員額外加入兩滴水后，它的性能在0.5 V的穩(wěn)定電壓下又提高了一個小時。）可知，研究人員通過重新潤濕紙張來提高電池的性能。故選A。
（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的He tld TIME Magazine they wanted t imprve the efficiency f the battery in the futured and get it wrking fr lnger.（他在接受《時代》雜志采訪時表示，他們希望在未來提高電池的效率，使其工作時間更長。）可知，研究人員計劃提升電池的效率，故選D。
（4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的A battery made f paper stands ut amng the 200 best inventins f the year in TIME Magazine.（在《時代》雜志評選的年度200項最佳發(fā)明中，紙做的電池脫穎而出。）并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹的是紙電池被評為世界上最好的發(fā)明之一。故選B。
passage 18
Radi statins，TV statins，and nline vide and livestreaming platfrms are frbidden t make，bradcast r spread prgrams that feature vereating，accrding t a new wrk plan issued by the Natinal Develpment and Refrm Cmmissin，tgether with three ther departments.
That's a psitive mve.It is easy t see frm even a glimpse at any f the "big stmach" vides r livestreams，in which the hsts may eat a dzen hamburgers fr lunch，fr example，that their eating bviusly exceeds a nrmal appetite.Accrding t reprts，such "big stmach" eaters can attract large audiences and mre fllwers fr cmmercial advertisements.
A gd appetite can be healthy.Yet t prmte such distrted eating is dangerus，nt nly t thse ding the eating n the shws but als anyne wh may be tempted t emulate r cmpete with them，it can cause eating disrders such as bulimia and can prve fatal.
In August 2020，a "big stmach" surnamed Wang in Shenyang city，Nrtheast China's Lianing prvince died when preparing fr his jb，befre which his weight rse frm 100 kils t 140 kils.In the same mnth，a 3﹣year﹣ ld girl called "Peppa" was fund t weigh 35 kils，far exceeding the nrmal weight，which arused natinwide wrries abut her health.
Thse appearing in such vides r livestreamings are usually hired by cmpanies with whle teams t finish the jb，and even then they ften thrw up during ad breaks s that they can cntinue their perfrmances.And as well as by encuraging peple t eat s much it may harm their health，by creating the impressin that it is OK t eat t excess，such "big stmach" shws may lead t peple wasting fd.
Of curse，that des nt mean fd vides r livestreamings shuld be curbed.A gd fd prgram can teach peple hw t ck delicius dishes r shwcase lcal specialties frm arund the cuntry.It culd als spread the millenniums﹣lng traditinal fd culture f China，which has made a deep impressin n the whle wrld and gt many fllwers.
（1）What can we knw abut "big stmachs"？
A.They can draw many audiences and fllwers.
B.They can see vides r livestreams easily.
C.They are a psitive mve.
D.They ften advertise their nn﹣prfit fd.
（2）The underlined wrd "distrted" in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by .
A.exceptinal
B.casual
C.abnrmal
D.rigid
（3）Which f the fllwing is NOT the effects f "big stmach" vide r livestreaming fr the eaters？
A.They may aruse eating disrders and even death.
B.They may keep the eaters frm thrwing up.
C.They may mislead peple int wasting fd r vereating.
D.They may trigger sme health prblems such as verweight.
（4）What is the best title f the passage？
A.Fd livestreamings shuld be banned
B.Fd culture f China
C.Gd appetite，gd health
D.Lve fd，lve life；dn't envy "big stmachs"
【答案】ACBD
【分析】這是一篇議論文。本文介紹了關(guān)于禁止制作、播放和傳播暴飲暴食節(jié)目的消息，分析了"大胃王"直播的不良影響，指導(dǎo)人們看合適的美食直播，呼吁人們熱愛正常飲食，關(guān)愛自己的生命。
【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Accrding t reprts，such "big stmach" eaters can attract large audiences and mre fllwers fr cmmercial advertisements.（據(jù)報道，這種"大胃王"可以吸引大量的觀眾和更多的追隨者為商業(yè)廣告。）可知，為了商業(yè)廣告而設(shè)計的"大胃王"的播出能吸引住觀眾、粉絲。故選A。
（2）詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段第二句It is easy t see frm even a glimpse at any f the "big stmach" vides r livestreams，in which the hsts may eat a dzen hamburgers fr lunch，fr example，that their eating bviusly exceeds a nrmal appetite.（在"大胃王"視頻或直播中，主持人可能會在午餐時吃一打漢堡包，即使只是瞥一眼，也很容易看出他們的食欲明顯超過了正常的食欲。）此句中exceeds a nrmal appetite為關(guān)鍵詞；第三段 A gd appetite can be healthy.Yet t prmte such distrted eating is dangerus，nt nly t thse ding the eating n the shws but als anyne wh may be tempted t emulate r cmpete with them，it can cause eating disrders such as bulimia and can prve fatal.（好的食欲可以是健康的。然而，宣傳這種扭曲的飲食習(xí)慣是危險的，不僅對那些在節(jié)目中吃東西的人，而且對任何可能被誘惑去模仿或與他們競爭的人來說，都是危險的，它可能導(dǎo)致飲食失調(diào)，如貪食癥，并可能證明是致命的。）可知，"大胃王"暴飲暴食是不正常的飲食行為，會損害身體健康。A.exceptinal非常特別；B.casual隨意，滿不在乎；C.abnrmal異常；D.rigid死板。劃線詞distrted與"nrmal"為反義詞。故選C。
（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段A gd appetite can be healthy.Yet t prmte such distrted eating is dangerus，nt nly t thse ding the eating n the shws but als anyne wh may be tempted t emulate r cmpete with them，it can cause eating disrders such as bulimia and can prve fatal.（好的食欲可以是健康的。然而，宣傳這種扭曲的飲食習(xí)慣是危險的，不僅對那些在節(jié)目中吃東西的人，而且對任何可能被誘惑去模仿或與他們競爭的人來說，都是危險的，它可能導(dǎo)致飲食失調(diào)，如貪食癥，并可能證明是致命的。）可知，"大胃王"視頻或直播者可能因暴飲暴食而導(dǎo)致飲食失調(diào)，甚至死亡。根據(jù)第四段In August 2020，a "big stmach" surnamed Wang in Shenyang city，Nrtheast China's Lianing prvince died when preparing fr his jb，befre which his weight rse frm 100 kils t 140 kils.In the same mnth，a 3﹣year﹣ ld girl called "Peppa" was fund t weigh 35 kils，far exceeding the nrmal weight，which arused natinwide wrries abut her health.（2020年8月，中國東北沈陽市一位姓王的"大肚子"遼寧省在準(zhǔn)備工作時死亡，此前他的體重從100公斤上升到140公斤。同月，一位名叫" Peppa"的3歲女孩被發(fā)現(xiàn)體重35公斤，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過正常體重，這引起了全國人民對她健康的擔(dān)憂。）可知，"大胃王"行為導(dǎo)致當(dāng)事人體重超重。第五段最后一句And as well as by encuraging peple t eat s much it may harm their health，by creating the impressin that it is OK t eat t excess，such "big stmach" shws may lead t peple wasting fd.（此外，鼓勵人們吃得太多可能會損害他們的健康，給人造成吃得過多是可以接受的印象，這種"大胃"的表現(xiàn)可能會導(dǎo)致人們浪費(fèi)食物。）可知，"大胃王"節(jié)目誤導(dǎo)人們，導(dǎo)致食物的浪費(fèi)。A項、C項和D項都是"大胃王"的不良影響，排除法，故選B。
（4）標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Radi statins，TV statins，and nline vide and livestreaming platfrms are frbidden t make，bradcast r spread prgrams that feature vereating，accrding t a new wrk plan issued by the Natinal Develpment and Refrm Cmmissin，tgether with three ther departments.（根據(jù)國家發(fā)改委和其他三個部門發(fā)布的新工作計劃，廣播電臺、電視臺、在線視頻和直播平臺禁止制作、播放或傳播以暴飲暴食為特征的節(jié)目。）可知，被禁止的是暴飲暴食類的食品直播。第二至第五段分析"大胃王"直播吸的目的，以及產(chǎn)生的各種不利影響；最后一段引導(dǎo)大家看合適的美食直播。選項D.Lve fd，lve life；dn't envy "big stmachs"（熱愛食物，熱愛生活，不要羨慕"大肚子"）符合本文標(biāo)題。故選D。
passage 19
Teaching artificial intelligence t understand simple physics cncepts，such as that ne slid bject can't ccupy the same space as anther，culd lead t mre capable sftware that takes less cmputatinal resurces t train，say researchers at DeepMind.
Nw，Luis Pilt at DeepMind and his clleagues have created an AI called Physics Learning thrugh Aut﹣encding and Tracking Objects （PLATO） that is designed t understand that the physical wrld is cmpsed f bjects that fllw basic physical laws.
The researchers trained PLATO t identify bjects and their interactins by using simulated（模 擬的）vides f bjects mving as we wuld expect，such as balls falling t the grund，rlling behind each ther and buncing ff each ther.They als gave PLATO data shwing which pixels（像素） in every frame r pht belnged t each bject.T test PLATO's ability t understand five physical cncepts，such as slidity，persistence （that an bject desn't tend t vanish） and unchangingness （that an bject tends t retain features like shape and clur），the researchers used anther series f simulated vides.Sme shwed bjects beying the laws f physics，while thers depicted ridiculus actins.They tasked PLATO t predict what wuld happen next in each vide，and fund that its predictins were reliably wrng fr nnsensical vides，but usually crrect fr lgical nes，suggesting the AI has an intuitive（直覺的）knwledge f physics.
Pilt says the results shw that an bject﹣centric view f the wrld culd give an AI a mre generalised and adaptable set f abilities. "If yu cnsider，fr instance，all the different scenes that an apple might be in，" he says. "Yu dn't have t learn abut an apple n a tree，versus an apple in yur kitchen，versus an apple in the garbage.When yu kind f separate the apple as its wn thing，yu're in a better psitin t generalise hw it behaves in new systems，in new cntexts.It prvides learning efficiency."
"This is smewhat like teaching a kid what a car is by first teaching them what wheels and seats are，"Chen Feng at New Yrk University says."The benefit f using bject﹣centric representatin，instead f raw visual inputs，makes AI learn intuitive physical cncepts with better data efficiency."
（1）Why was PLATO created？
A.T help AI prcess mre data.
B.T teach AI researchers hw t use simple physics knwledge.
C.T enable AI t cmprehend simple physics cncepts.
D.T have bjects fllw basic physical laws.
（2）What des the third paragraph mainly talk abut？
A.The purpse f the research.
B.The participants f the research.
C.The bjects f the research.
D.The prcess f the research.
（3）What's the functin f the example in paragraph fur？
A.Clarify a cncept.
B.Prvide theretical basis.
C.Attract readers' attentin.
D.Intrduce a scene.
（4）Which wrd can best describe the attitude f the authr twards PLATO？
A.Uncncerned.
B.Critical.
C.Objective.
D.Indifferent.
【答案】CDAC
【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文講述了教會人工智能理解基本的物理概念，使之擁有人一樣的直覺感知，有利于研制出占用更少計算資源的、功能更為強(qiáng)大的軟件。
【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Nw，Luis Pilt at DeepMind and his clleagues have created an AI called Physics Learning thrugh Aut﹣encding and Tracking Objects （PLATO） that is designed t understand that the physical wrld is cmpsed f bjects that fllw basic physical laws.（現(xiàn)在，DeepMind 的路易斯皮洛托（Luis Pilt）和他的同事們已經(jīng)創(chuàng)建了一種名為"通過自動編碼和跟蹤物體進(jìn)行物理學(xué)習(xí)"（PLATO）的人工智能，該智能旨在理解物理世界是由遵循基本物理定律的物體組成的。）可知，制造PLATO 的目的是為了教會人工智能理解基本的物理概念，故選C。
（2）段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段第一句The researchers trained PLATO t identify bjects and their interactins by using simulated（模 擬的）vides f bjects mving as we wuld expect，such as balls falling t the grund，rlling behind each ther and buncing ff each ther.（研究人員訓(xùn)練 PLATO 通過模擬物體運(yùn)動的視頻來識別物體及其相互作用，就像我們期望的那樣，比如球落到地上，在彼此后面滾動，互相碰撞。）以及本段最后一句They tasked PLATO t predict what wuld happen next in each vide，and fund that its predictins were reliably wrng fr nnsensical vides，but usually crrect fr lgical nes，suggesting the AI has an intuitive（直覺的）knwledge f physics.（他們讓 PLATO 預(yù)測每個視頻中接下來會發(fā)生什么，發(fā)現(xiàn)它的預(yù)測對于無意義的視頻來說是可靠的錯誤，但對于邏輯性的視頻來說通常是正確的，這表明人工智能具有物理學(xué)的直覺知識。）可知，本段主要講述的是研究過程，故選D。
（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句Pilt says the results shw that an bject﹣centric view f the wrld culd give an AI a mre generalised and adaptable set f abilities.（ Pilt說這個結(jié)果顯示對世界有古怪的想法會給人工智能一種概括性更強(qiáng)、適應(yīng)性更強(qiáng)的能力。）以及后面的"fr instance（例如 ）"可知，作者舉例是要對前面提出的概念進(jìn)行解釋，故選A。
（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句This is smewhat like teaching a kid what a car is by first teaching them what wheels and seats are，"Chen Feng at New Yrk University says.（這有點像教一個孩子什么是汽車，首先教他們什么是輪子和座椅，"紐約大學(xué)的陳峰說。）"可知，作者對PLATO的態(tài)度是一種基于常識的客觀的態(tài)度，故選C。
passage 20
A grup f researchers has develped a new material which is as sft as cttn but as strng as Kevlar and as cnductive as many metals.It can be wrn and washed like nrmal clthing and culd eventually turn athletic clthes int smart "wearables".
The s﹣called "carbn nantube（納米管）threads" wrk similarly t the wires in an EKG （心電圖）mnitring device，which measures heart rhythms t detect heart cnditins.But instead f having t be patched（貼上）nt the skin，they can be sewn int a T﹣shirt and wrn like nrmal athletic clthes，accrding t a new study frm researches at a Rice University Brwn Schl f Engineering lab.And unlike wires.they say the threads can cmfrtably mve with the wearer.and be washed，stretched and wrn repeatedly withut breaking dwn.
The Rice University lab first develped carbn nantube fiber in 2013，and has studied its use in medical peratins，such as in cchlear（耳蝸的） implants fr hearing lss and t repair damaged hearts.But at the time，the riginal filaments （細(xì)絲） were t thin t be used by a standard sewing machine.
Fr this latest ne，researchers wrked with a rpe﹣maker t weave the filaments tgether int a material similar t regular sewing thread that culd be sewn int athletic clthes.The resulting "smart" shirt prvides "sft，wearable，dry sensrs fr cntinuus" EKG mnitring，the study states.
Thugh likely a lng way ff frm ging int prductin fr cnsumers.the material culd eventually help replace heavy EKG mnitrs in medical settings and heart rate mnitring watches.With sme changes，clthes with these fibers culd eventually be able t track ther vital signs，accrding t the researchers.
"Yu just dn't find sft，flexible，thread﹣like materials that are cmfrtable t the tuch，that yu can wrk with，that yu can build a bridge r yu can build a pwer line ut f ，but yu can als run it thrugh a sewing machine. " said Oliver Dewy，a member f the research team. "Nthing else behaves like this. "
（1）What's the feature f the new material？
A．It's sft but nt strng enugh.
B．It's flexible but nt cmfrtable.
C．It can cnduct electricity easily.
D．It's t thin t be used by a standard sewing machine.
（2）What was the carbn nantube fiber used fr initially？
A．Measuring heart rhythms.
B．Being sewn int athletic clthes.
C．Helping patients with hearing lss.
D．Imprving exercise capacity f athletes.
（3）What's Oliver Dewy's attitude t this new material？
A．Favrable.
B．Dubtful.
C．Unclear.
D．Critical.
（4）What's the best title f the text？
A．The Future f Sprts Clthes.
B．Prtable Accurate EKG Mnitring Device.
C．The Study f Carbn Nantube Fiber.
D．Measuring Heart Rate Thrugh a Smart Shirt.
【答案】CCAD
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了最近研究人員研究出一種納米纖維，把它織進(jìn)衣服，再通過藍(lán)牙連上電腦，不僅能監(jiān)測心率，還能隨時做心電圖。
【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的A grup f researchers has develped a new material which is as sft as cttn but as strng as Kevlar and as cnductive（導(dǎo)電的） as many metals.（一組研究人員開發(fā)了一種新材料，它像棉花一樣柔軟，像凱夫拉爾纖維一樣堅固，像許多金屬一樣導(dǎo)電。）可知，這種新型材料跟許多金屬一樣導(dǎo)電性能好。故選C。
（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的The Rice University lab first develped carbn nantube fiber in 2013，and has studied its use in medical peratins，such as in cchlear implants（人工耳蝸）fr hearing lss and t repair damaged hearts.（萊斯大學(xué)實驗室于2013年首次開發(fā)出碳納米管纖維，并研究了其在醫(yī)療手術(shù)中的應(yīng)用，如用于聽力損失的耳蝸植入和修復(fù)受損的心臟。）可知，這種碳納米管纖維可用于幫助有聽力損失的病人。故選C。
（3）觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段Yu just dn't find sft，flexible，thread﹣like materials that are cmfrtable t the tuch，that yu can wrk with，that yu can build a bridge ut f it r yu can build a pwerline ut f it，but yu can als run it thrugh a sewing machine，" said Oliver Dewy，a member f the research team. "Nthing else behaves like this. "（研究團(tuán)隊成員奧利弗?杜伊表示："你找不到柔軟、柔韌、線狀的材料，這些材料摸起來很舒服，你可以用它們工作，你可以用它們搭建橋梁或電線，但你也可以用縫紉機(jī)來運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)它。"。"沒有其他東西有這樣的表現(xiàn)。"）可知，Oliver Dewy的態(tài)度是贊成的。A．Favurable.贊成的。B．Dubtful.懷疑的。C．Unclear.不清楚的。D．Critical.批判的。故選A。
（4）標(biāo)題判斷題。第一段介紹了一種新材料，結(jié)合第二段The s﹣called "carbn nantube（納米管）threads" wrk similarly t the wires in an EKG （心電圖）mnitring device，which measures heart rhythms t detect heart cnditins.But instead f having t be patched（貼上）nt the skin，they can be sewn int a T﹣shirt and wrn like nrmal athletic clthes，accrding t a new study frm researches at a Rice University Brwn Schl f Engineering lab.（ 所謂的"碳納米管線"工作原理類似于心電圖監(jiān)測設(shè)備中通過測量心律來檢測心臟狀況的電線。但是，根據(jù)萊斯大學(xué)布朗工程學(xué)院實驗室的一項新研究，它們不需要貼在皮膚上，而是可以縫在T恤上，像普通的運(yùn)動服一樣穿著）可知，本文主要介紹一種新材料，這種新材料可以做成線，織在衣服中，從而可以檢測心臟狀況。所以以Measuring Heart Rate Thrugh a Smart Shirt.（通過智能襯衫測量心率。）作為題目最合適。故選D。

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