記敘文是以敘述為主要表達方式，以寫人物的經(jīng)歷和事物發(fā)展變化為主要內(nèi)容的一種文體。 記敘文是用來描述事物的文章.時間,人物,地點,起因,經(jīng)過,結(jié)果是記敘文的6要素。記敘文寫作，是把自己的親身感受和經(jīng)歷，通過生動、形象的語言，描述給讀者。 記敘文包括的范圍很廣，如記人記事：日記、游記、傳說、新聞、通訊、小說等，都屬于記敘文的范疇。記敘文寫的是生活中的見聞，要表達出作者對于生活的真切感受。 總的說，以記敘和描寫為主要表達方式的文章叫記敘文。 但記敘文寫作,伴隨自然流露的適當(dāng)議論和抒情。
記敘文有廣義與狹義之分。 廣義的記敘文，包括記敘性的文學(xué)作品，如散文、小說等。 狹義的記敘文是指以記人、敘事、寫景、狀物為主，對社會生活中的人、事、景、物的情態(tài)變化和發(fā)展進行敘述和描寫的一類文章，常見的如消息、通訊、特寫、報告文學(xué)、游記、日記、參觀記、回憶錄，以及一部分書信等。正因為記敘文寫的是生活中的見聞，所以一定要表達出作者對于生活的真切感受。
記敘文的特點就是以記敘為主要表達方式，綜合其他表達方式；以寫人、敘事、寫景、狀物為主要內(nèi)容；通過描述人物、時間及狀物、寫景來表達一定的中心。
寫作記敘文要做到一下幾點：
第一，要交代明白。無論記人記事，還是寫景狀物，一般都要交代明白時間、地點、人物、事件、原因、結(jié)果，否則文章就不完整。
第二，線索清楚。雖然觀察的角度、記述的方式可以不同，但每一篇文章都應(yīng)當(dāng)有一條關(guān)聯(lián)材料、統(tǒng)貫全篇的中心線索，否則文章就會松散。
第三，人稱要一致。無論用第一人稱“我”記述，還是用第三人稱“他”記述，都要通篇一貫，一般不宜隨意轉(zhuǎn)換，否則就容易造成混亂。
第四，時間，地點，人物，起因，經(jīng)過，結(jié)果。
一、記敘文的分類
側(cè)重寫人的記敘文，以人物的外貌、語言、動作、心理描寫為主。
側(cè)重記事的記敘文，以敘述事情的發(fā)生、發(fā)展、經(jīng)過和結(jié)果為重點。
側(cè)重繪景的記敘文，以描繪景物、寄托情懷為主。
側(cè)重狀物的記敘文，以狀物為主，借象征抒懷。
二、記敘文的特征
記敘文是記人敘事的文章，它主要是用于說明事件的時間、背景、起因、過程及結(jié)果，即我們通常所說的五個" W "( what, wh, when, where, why )和一個" H "( hw )。記敘文的重點在于"述說"和"描寫"，因此一篇好的記敘文要敘述條理清楚，描寫生動形象。
1. 敘述的人稱
英語的記敘文一般是以第一或第三人稱的角度來敘述的。用第一稱表示的是由敘述者親眼所見、親耳所聞的經(jīng)歷。它的優(yōu)點在于能把故事的情節(jié)通過"我"來傳達給讀者，使人讀后感到真實可信，如身臨其境。如：
The ther day, I was driving alng the street. Suddenly, a car lst its cntrl and ran directly twards me fast. I was s frightened that I quickly turned t the left side. But it was t late. The car hit my bike and I fell ff it.
用第三人稱敘述，優(yōu)點在于敘述者不受"我"活動范圍以內(nèi)的人和事物的限制，而是通過作者與讀者之外的第三者，直接把故事中的情節(jié)展現(xiàn)在讀者面前，文章的客觀性很強。如：
Little Tm was ging t schl with an umbrella, fr it was raining hard. On the way, he saw an ld wman walking in the rain with nthing t cver. Tm went up t the ld wman and wanted t share the umbrella with her, but he was t shrt. What culd he d? Then he had a gd idea.
2. 動詞的時態(tài)
在記敘文中，記和敘都離不開動詞。所以動詞出現(xiàn)率最高，且富于變化。記敘文中用得最多的是動詞的過去的，這是英語記敘文區(qū)別于漢語記敘文的關(guān)鍵之處。英語寫作的優(yōu)美之處就在于這些動詞時態(tài)的變化，正是這一點才使得所記、所敘有鮮活的動態(tài)感、鮮明的層次感和立體感。
3. 敘述的順序
記敘一件事要有一定的順序。無論是順敘、倒敘、插敘還是補敘，都要讓讀者能弄清事情的來龍去脈。順敘最容易操作，較容易給讀者提供有關(guān)事情的空間和時間線索。但這種方法也容易使文章顯得平鋪直敘，讀起來平淡乏味。倒敘、插敘、補敘等敘述方法能有效地提高文章的結(jié)構(gòu)效果，讓所敘之事跌宕起伏，使讀者在閱讀時思維產(chǎn)生較大的跳躍，從而為文章所吸引，深入其中。但這些方法如果使用不當(dāng)，則容易弄巧成拙，使文章結(jié)構(gòu)散亂，頭緒不清，讓讀者不知所云。
4. 敘述的過渡
過渡在上下文中起著承上啟下、融會貫通的作用。過渡往往用在地點轉(zhuǎn)移或時間、事件轉(zhuǎn)換以及由概括說明到具體敘述時。如：
In my summer hlidays, I did a lt f things. Apart frm ding my hmewrk, reading an English nvel, watching TV and ding sme husewrk, I went n a trip t Qingda. It is really a beautiful city. There are many places f interest t see. But what impressed me mst was the sunrise.
The next mrning I gt up early. I was very happy because it was a fine day. By the time I gt t the beach, the cluds n the hrizn were turning red. In a little while, a small part f the sun was gradually appearing. The sun was very red, nt shining. It rse slwly. At last it brke thrugh the red cluds and jumped abve the sea, just like a deep-red ball. At the same time the cluds and the sea water became red and bright.
What a mving and unfrgettable scene!
5. 敘述與對話
引用故事情節(jié)中主要人物的對話是記敘文提高表現(xiàn)力的一種好方法。適當(dāng)?shù)赜弥苯右Z代替間接的主觀敘述，可以客觀生動地反映人物的性格、品質(zhì)和心理狀態(tài)，使記敘生動、有趣，使文章內(nèi)容更加充實、具體。試比較下面兩段的敘述效果：
I was in the kitchen, and I was cking smething. Suddenly I heard a lud nise frm the frnt. I thught maybe smene was kncking the dr. I asked wh it was but I heard n reply. After a while I saw my cat running acrss the parlr. I realized it was the cat. I felt released.
這本來應(yīng)是一段故事性很強的文字，但經(jīng)作者這么一寫，就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是敘述模式，沒有人物語言，把"懸念"給沖淡了?？勺魅缦抡{(diào)整：
I was in the kitchen cking smething. "Crash!" a lud nise came frm the frnt. Thinking smene was kncking at the dr, I asked, "Wh?" N reply. After a while, I saw my cat running acrss the parlr. "Its yu." I said, quite released.
三、記敘文的命題特點（以閱讀理解為例）
從命題形式上看，常見的有細節(jié)理解、詞義猜測、主旨大意、推理判斷、作者意圖等題型。除了推論或詞義辨識題，記敘文命題的順序一般都會按照文章的脈絡(luò)和故事發(fā)展的順序?qū)訉油七M，否則就會覺得別扭，邏輯不通。同時，記敘文需要事件的發(fā)展過程作支撐，一半以上的題目都會用來檢測考生對故事的了解，因此，我們必須弄明白整件事情的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。而其余像主旨大意、作者意圖之類的題目，則取決于文章的落句，集中考查對作者所發(fā)的感觸的理解?？傊?，細節(jié)題是記敘文命題的主流題型。而寓意之類的題則是高一層次的題，有一定的難度和區(qū)分度，它們是拉開距離的題，答對了這些題，你才有可能成功地躋身高分之列。綜上所述，記敘文的應(yīng)對策略即：不漏細節(jié)，奠定基礎(chǔ)；把準寓意，方能成功。
記敘文常見的命題類型如下：
1.主旨大意題
文章主旨給出的四種形式:文首,文中,文尾,沒有明確主旨,需總結(jié)。雖然作者表達主題思想的方式不同，但命題常用的提問方式有以下幾種：
What’s the main idea/subject/tpic f the passage?
The main idea f the passage is…
The passage is mainly abut_____.
Which f the fllwing statements best expresses the main idea f the passage?
The best title fr the passage is/ might be____.
The authr’s main purpse f writing this passage is____.
做題要領(lǐng)：文章主旨通常會出現(xiàn)在文首,文中或文尾，因此尋找主題句或主題段往往是做好此類題的鍵。但當(dāng)文中沒有直接出現(xiàn)主題句，應(yīng)對文章意思全面理解后歸納概括主旨，但不能太籠統(tǒng)即不切主題,言過其實或以偏概全。
2.細節(jié)理解題
這類題目是針對文章的具體事實和細節(jié)而出,因此通常能在文章中直接或間接地找到答案.此類要求查找重要事實和細節(jié)的試題通常以下列形式提出：
Which f the fllwing statements is (nt) true accrding t the passage?
Which f the fllwing is (nt) discussed/Mentined in the passage?
Accrding t the passage, what/where/
Which/wh/why/when/hw…?
All f the fllwing are (nt) true / mentined / discussed except_________.
Hw des the authr/writer feel abut___?
3.詞義／語義判斷題
這類考題常見的提問方式有以下幾種：
Accrding t the authr, the underlined wrd”…” means____.
Frm the passage, we can infer that the wrd”…”is___.
“…” can be best replaced by___.
What des the authr prbably mean by”…”?
By”…”, the authr means that___
做此類題時，應(yīng)在文中找線索或信息詞。根據(jù)上下文判斷新詞匯在特定句中確切意思。根據(jù)周圍熟悉的詞及語義判斷新單詞之意，有時還需依靠構(gòu)詞法。
4.推斷題
以原文內(nèi)容為前提,透過現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì)即透過文章表面文字信息推測文章隱含意思。根據(jù)作者的觀點理論客觀地對文中未明顯說明的現(xiàn)象或事例給予合理的邏輯推斷，做出一定解釋。
推斷題的常見形式：
It can be inferred / cncluded frm the text that____.
Frm the text we knw that ______.
The passage implies that ______.
The paragraph fllwing the passage will mst prbably discusses______.
解推斷題的方法：解推斷題最主要的方法是根據(jù)語義關(guān)系推斷具體細節(jié)。
5. 觀點態(tài)度題
回答這類問題應(yīng)從篇章的體裁入手.一般來說,在說明文中作者的態(tài)度是客觀的或中立的;在議論文中,作者的態(tài)度才會顯得多種多樣. 可以根據(jù)闡述主題或有關(guān)主題的相關(guān)語句或詞語確定作者的態(tài)度。
常見的態(tài)度詞語有:psitive/supprt/apprval(贊同的/ptimisticcritical/negative/tlerant/disappinted/pessimistic(悲觀的) /indifferent(冷淡的)/dubtfulNeutral(中立的）/bjective(客觀的）
這類考題常見的提問方式有以下幾種:
What’s the authr’s/writer’s attitude t…?
The authr thinks/suggests/believes that___.
Hw des the authr feel abut…?
Which f the fllwing will the authr agree / disagree with?
Which f the fllwing can best describe the authr’s attitude twards…?
四、記敘文的解題技巧
記敘文講述的是發(fā)生在當(dāng)前或過去或?qū)硎虑榈慕?jīng)過。簡而言之，記敘文就是講故事，包括人物或故事情節(jié)。常見的記敘文根據(jù)其用途可分為文學(xué)記敘文和說明記敘文：文學(xué)記敘文以虛構(gòu)為主，如趣聞逸事、傳說、寓言、傳奇故事、短篇小說、科幻小說等；說明記敘文以事實為依據(jù)，包括歷史、傳記、新聞報道、日記等。無論哪一種記敘文作者都要交代何人何時何地為什么、怎么樣、干了何事等等，這也就是我們常說的“5Ws and 1H”。這是我們在閱讀記敘文時要首先了解的，接著按照線索弄清事情的來龍去脈，就能理解整個故事。
特別值得注意的是：記敘文的敘事順序有順敘和倒敘兩種，有時候作者為了吸引讀者會采用倒敘的方法，即不按照事情發(fā)展的先后順序來敘述，而是從最重要、最能引人入勝的事件開始，然后再回過頭來追敘故事的開端和經(jīng)過。閱讀時要學(xué)會從事情本身的發(fā)展去理解故事情節(jié)而不要只看事件在文中出現(xiàn)的先后位置。
另外，講故事必定有其目的：或證明某一理論，或闡明某一概念，或贊美某種美德，或譴責(zé)某種罪惡等等。我們在閱讀時要通過作者的重要細節(jié)描寫聯(lián)系故事情節(jié)去領(lǐng)會作者的意圖，對作者重墨潑就的細節(jié)描寫要重點關(guān)注。 概括起來一句話：讀記敘文的關(guān)鍵是抓情節(jié)。 抓住了故事情節(jié)，就理解了文章的脈絡(luò)，其他的就迎刃而解了。
要解答好記敘文閱讀理解題，就應(yīng)該有一套針對性強的方法和技巧。下面是我們在閱讀教學(xué)中積累下來的一點心得體會，希望能對大家有所幫助。
1.關(guān)注細節(jié)
記敘文中有大量的事件發(fā)展過程中的細節(jié)，包括記敘文的5W（what, wh, when, where, why）要素。因此我們作答細節(jié)題的時候，就沒有那么復(fù)雜，一般只需要由前到后，從上到下，一題一題地做就可以了。
2.注重聯(lián)系
在做題過程中，我們大都不能在文中找到與題干一字不差的詞語或句子。這時我們需要認真研究問題，抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞語，然后到文中準確地找到與之相關(guān)的語句，或是疑似語句的位置，接著去左顧，或右盼，在前句或后句尋找線索。
3.讀懂表象
如前所述，主旨大意題或推理判斷、作者意圖題等實際上是同一類型的問題，或者說是可用同種方法解答的題型。在解答此類題目的時候，不可被題干的表象所迷惑，要像剝洋蔥一樣，一層一層地剝；在四個可選項中，一個一個地去證實，去排除。特別是解答推論或暗指類的題目，比如“What can be inferred frm …?”或是What des the authr imply in…?”之類的題目，文中所陳述的往往不是答案。我們要在文前文后去查找，在字里行間里去尋覓。有時還少不了借助自己的生活經(jīng)驗和常理來體會這言外之意。
4.挖掘意義
每年的高考閱讀題中，特別是記敘文的閱讀題，都會出現(xiàn)一至兩道詞義猜測題。而這些詞匯往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有點頭之交，在文中卻另有新意的，總之，猜的是那些在高考詞匯表要求之外的詞匯。小小的一個詞，一個短語，考核的不是你的語法的熟練程度，也不是你的記憶力，而是你對文章通篇或者一個段落的整體把握和變通能力。
【典例示例】
Cmpassin is a desire within us t help thers．With effrt, we can translate cmpassin int actin．An experience last weekend shwed me this is true．I wrk part-time in a supermarket acrss frm a building fr the elderly．These ld peple are ur main custmers, and it’s nt hard t lse patience ver their slwness．But last Sunday, ne aged gentleman appeared t teach me a valuable lessn．This untidy man walked up t my register(收款機) with a bx f biscuits．He said he was ut f cash(現(xiàn)金), had just mved int his rm, and had nthing in his cupbards．He asked if we culd let him have the fd n trust．He prmised t repay me the next day．
I culdn’t help staring at him．I wndered what kind f persn he had been ten r twenty years befre, and what he wuld be like if luck had gne his way．I had a hurt in my heart fr this kind f human sul, all alne in the wrld．I tld him that I was srry, but stre rules didn’t allw me t d s．I felt stupid and unkind saying this, but I valued my jb．
Just then, anther man, standing behind the first, spke up．If anything, he lked mre pitiable．“Charge it t me,” was all he said．
What I had been feeling was pity．Pity is sft and safe and easy．Cmpassin, n the ther hand, is caring in actin．I thanked the secnd man but tld him that was nt allwed either．Then I reached int my pcket and paid fr the biscuits myself．I reached int my pcket because these tw men had reached int my heart and taught me cmpassin.
解析：故事采用順敘的敘事方法，主要情節(jié)發(fā)展如下：One aged gentleman begged me t have the fd n trust and prmised t repay the next day.---- I tld him the stre rules didn’t allw me t d s.---- Anther man wanted me t charge the fd t him.----I paid fr the biscuits myself. 作者用第一人稱講述自己親身經(jīng)歷的這段故事，讓人覺得親切可信，同時也增強了文章的感染力。作者說自己通過這段故事學(xué)會了cmpassin（同情），事實上也是在號召讀者多伸出同情之手，共建和諧社會。
名校資源學(xué)練
1
（2023·四川成都·成都七中校考模擬預(yù)測）I never imagined that smene telling me I lked skinny wuld anger me. And yet, I was made very angry when a clleague pinched (捏) my waist and screamed, “Rsa, yu’ve lst weight. Yu lk great!” The truth is that I was tired and nt taking care f myself. I decided t start a prper weight-lss prgram.
The first t g wuld be rad rage (路怒). I am in far less cntrl f this weight than any ther. Every time smething gets in the way, I fly ff the handle. I need t lse the rad rage! N, n mre speed. Instead, I nw repeat the wrds, “I am nt in a hurry.” This year, I will drive safely, allwing the “stupid” t happen all arund me. Frm that, I hpe t gain patience.
Next is guilt. When guilt drives my cnscience t d better, it’s functinal. But when it presents itself as an internal dialgue that ges nwhere, it’s useless. This year, I want t stp feeling guilty fr nt keeping a cleaner huse, fr spending time away frm my children t be with friends, fr nt attending every party because I’d rather be at hme, r fr watching TV when I shuld be reading. My image and perfrmance are nt at the back f anyne else’s mind but my wn. Frm this, I hpe t gain freedm t be myself.
The last is fear. Fear has held me back. Fear f failure has prevented me frm being a writer. Fear f embarrassment has prevented me frm giving an pinin. Fear f being rejected has stpped me frm aiming higher in my life. Fear f regret has led me int situatins that made me uncmfrtable. If I can lse any ne f these fears, I stand t gain experience.
S, if I can lse the rage, shake ff sme guilt, and take fear ff my plate, I stand t gain patience, freedm, and experience. Pund fr pund I have nt lst a thing but I will be much lighter. Next time, I hpe my clleague lks me in the eye t see my glw instead f pinching part f me that has nthing t d with hw great I really lk.
1. What des the underlined part “fly ff the handle” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Pick up speed.B. Drive ff.
C. Desert the car.D. Lse cntrl f anger.
2. What has made the authr feel guilty befre?
A. Attending t many parties.
B. Reading much with her children.
C. Wasting her time in watching TV.
D. Spending little time with her friends.
3. Hw has fear affected the authr?
A. It has prevented her achieving her gals.
B. It has made situatins cmplicated fr her.
C. It has stpped her furthering her educatin.
D. It has made it difficult fr her t make friends.
4. Which f the fllwing may be the best title?
A. Stp Bdy ShamingB. Lighten Yu Mind
C. Watch Yur WeightD. Avid Bdy Cntact
2
（2023·四川·棠湖中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測）TAMPA, Fla,—At USF, 21-year-ld Alexander Mercier f Odessa, majred in mathematics and micrbilgy, which leads him t start imprtant research that may make him the schl’s first Rhdes Schlar.
“I wuld say I am stubbrn,” explained Mercier, wh culd hear as early as Saturday if he gets the hnr. He says the hnr is due t mre than just brains. Instead, it was determinatin that made him an accmplished pianist. He says his biggest natural talent was drawing and he als has a lve f art. But it was math that attracted him and he wuldn’t let g. He was studying hw math may help cntrl the spread f diseases.
“I wuld sleep n the cuch next t the cmputer,” he said. “I saw a gap in epidemilgical (流行病學(xué)的) research in the study f hw diseases spread. I didn’t knw at the time that it wuld becme ne f the mst imprtant tpics in the wrld.”
While his wrk is timely and imprtant, there’s lts f cmpetitin. Eleven ther finalists frm this regin f the cuntry are als vying fr the hnr. They attend schls like MIT, Stanfrd and the University f Chicag.
Mercier wes it t his schl that he can have as gd a chance as any f the thers and he feels that USF has prepared him well. If he desn’t win the hnr and get t study expense-free at Oxfrd, he says he’ll have many ptins. “I will cntinue t d the wrk that I enjy and that I think will benefit peple,” he said.
Sme are surprised that USF hasn’t had a previus Rhdes Schlar. Hwever, many schls haven’t had ne. Only 32 are selected each year frm acrss the natin. USF has nly been in existence since 1956. By cntrast, the first classes at Oxfrd were held in 1096.
5. Why did Mercier chse t majr in mathematics and micrbilgy?
A. He saw its bright future.B. He has a passin fr math.
C. He wants t win the hnr.D. He is talented in this field.
6. Which expressin can best replace the underlined phrase “vying fr”?
A. Hunting fr.B. Applying fr.
C. Allwing fr.D. Cmpeting fr.
7. What can we infer abut Mercier?
A. He will study art at Oxfrd.B. He tries t becme a pianist.
C. He is grateful t his schl.D. He studies hw diseases exist.
8. What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A. A senir culd be USF’s first Rhdes Schlar.
B. 32 students are selected fr Rhdes Schlar.
C. Math may help cntrl the spread f diseases.
D. A senir fund the mst vital tpics in the wrld.
3
（2023·四川成都·川大附中校考模擬預(yù)測）My mther was never truly happy in Cnnecticut finding the winter bitter cld and the culture prvincial (偏狹的). Thugh she grew up in New Jersey, she mved t San Francisc in her early twenties, met and married my dad ut there. After I was brn, they decided t return east, clser t their wn parents. But she never let g f her lve fr the Bay Area.
Califrnia was always part f the cnversatin when I was a kid. I ate meals ff a map-f-the-wrld placemat (餐墊), and Mm taught me t identify San Francisc befre I learned where Hartfrd was. She tld us stries f perfectin n a single city, fantasizing abut retiring ut west. My dad wuld play alng, but his heart wasn’t in the same place.
While my mther’s status in the nnprfit wrld advanced, her desire t mve back t her favrite place grew strng. She applied fr jbs in the Bay, underwent bicastal Skype screenings, even traveled ut fr a cuple f interviews n a whim (心血來潮). Smetimes her cver letters disappeared, ther times she made it dwn t the final tw candidates. With each rejectin, she prmised t make her next jb applicatin even strnger.
This past May, I relcated frm San Francisc t New Yrk fr a jb. A few weeks later, Mm called me. Her pursuit had finally paid ff. She’s been ffered a vice president psitin at a public health nnprfit in Oakland. A few weeks later, she packed up her baggage and left Cnnecticut fr gd.
Our lives are mre semblable than ever these days. We’re bth discvering ur new hmes, making friends. We’re lking fr a gd yga studi t jin, reading the same bks and chatting abut the plts by text message. I emailed her phts frm my trip t Burning Man and she replied with stries abut her new cwrkers wh g every year. There’s even time fr the ccasinal dating disaster.
Perhaps that’s the paradx (悖論) f grwing lder. Things will always change, and they can change immediately—my mther is prf. But an individual’s wn pwer t create change always stays the same. Everything can change, and therefre nthing ever really changes.
Nw when I’m ut west fr a visit, Mm meets me at a statin with her big bag. We stp by the Grand Lake farmers market, picking ut the freshest seasnal ingredients, befre hiking up the hill t her new apartment. One f these days, I’ll actually ck her dinner.
9. What can we knw abut the authr’s mther?
A. She always likes t struggle n her wn.B. Nthing can stp her frm reaching her gal.
C. She wns a public health nnprfit cmpany.D. She takes everything f her daughter n herself.
10. What des the underlined wrd “semblable” mean?
A. Changeable.B. Cmfrtable.C. Similar.D. Creative.
11. Which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. The relatinship between the authr and her mther is very gd.
B. The authr wuld nt like t let her mther wrk n.
C. The authr and her mther live in the same city at present.
D. The authr wuld nt like t change her life situatin.
12. In the last paragraph, the authr mainly wants t tell the readers that ________.
A. her family’s life always change because f her mther
B. the mther-daughter feelings will stay the same frever
C. she has grwn up during her family’s cnstant mves
D. her mther always wants t change her current situatins
4
（2023·河南開封·統(tǒng)考三模）It was 1994, and I was a 19-year-ld student in my third year at Western University in Lndn, Ontari. I had signed up fr a curse in the Department f English taught by ne Dnald S. Hair.
A few weeks int the class, the prfessr administered ur first test. I didn't think I had anything t wrry abut—until he handed my exam back the fllwing week with a 67 written n it in red ink.
Sixty-seven! I'd never received such a lw mark. I was dependent n a schlarship, and any grade belw 80 put my future in jepardy. My seatmate's annyed expressin suggested her mark had been painful t. We angered silently: Prfessr Hair was an ld weird (怪人)! Hw dare he ruin ur GPAs? What was the ld by's prblem, anyway?
But the real prblem was this: He was right. I knew it as sn as I'd cled ff and taken the time t digest his cmments. My writing was careless, my understanding f key cncepts shallw. Like many f my partners, I was used t earning tp grades. Nw, fr the first time, a teacher had intrduced an uncmfrtable questin. Were we actually “earning” them?
The next day, I went t his ffice. With burning cheeks, I tld him I knew I’d butchered the exam. T my childish surprise, he wasn’t a “weird” in the least. He was funny, warm and uncmmnly patient. He assured me if I wrked hard, I'd achieve my ptential in the curse, and he’d be available t help me.
I went away, read and read sme mre. The mre I read, the mre interesting his classes became, and sn, his cmplex, absrbing lectures were the highlight f my week. I spared n effrt in that curse. The grade I earned in his class was the lwest I’d received that year. But I had earned that grade. Nearly 30 years later, I'm still prud f that.
13. What des the underlined wrd “jepardy” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Advance.B. Demand.C. Truble.D. Cnclusin.
14. Why des the authr mentin the seatmate in the text?
A. T explain the test was t difficult.
B. T prve the prfessr's grading had prblems.
C. T suggest she didn't wrk hard.
D. T shw she was unfriendly in class.
15. Hw des the authr feel abut the prfessr in the end?
A. Disgusted.B. Cautius.C. Uninterested.D. Appreciative.
16. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. Yu have t earn a grade instead f “get” itB. Be cnfident and nt afraid f failure
C. Yu shuld treasure a gd teacherD. Never rely n schlarships frever
5
（2023·河北·校聯(lián)考三模）In casual cnversatins, there is a seemingly simple questin I can never answer withut hesitating — “Where are yu frm?”
I culd say I am frm Thailand, where I was brn. Or I am frm Mexic, where I spent the majrity f my childhd. Or I am frm the US, whse language is rted int my life. In my mind, nne f these answers are satisfying enugh. After all, t be frm smewhere carries expectatins f understanding “yur” culture and “yur” hme.
I feel envius whenever my friends say they’re “ging hme” fr schl breaks. As a student wh frequently mves, I have never seen my living space as “hme”, but “shelter”, anther lcatin t stay in befre I unavidably mve again.
S, des this mean I d nt have, and will never have, a hme? I resign myself t living with this sense f sadness, until very recently.
In my drm, inside my drawer is a specially designed white bath twel that I have nt used since I brught it with me frm my parents’ huse. One day, I tk it ut, but stpped after smelling the sft, sweet laundry detergent (洗衣粉), the ne my parents used back in Thailand. I felt my eyes water as that randm smell brught my mixed emtins t the surface: sadness and nstalgia, a strng feeling f missing hme. I still avid using that twel until nw because I dn’t want t replace the smell f nstalgia with my newly-bught detergent.
Sadly, even with this new discvery, I will still struggle when answering where I am frm, and I will always feel a sense f lss in nt having a physical hme t “g back t”. Yet, in randm mments, when a smell catches me ff guard (讓我猝不及防) with the memries it brings, I like t believe that the things I feel then are things peple feel when they are hme. And if these mments can make me smile, even with a sense f lss, what better hme can I ask fr?
17. Why is the authr unable t see his living space as “hme”?
A. His living places ften change.B. He is unsatisfied with the place.
C. His expectatins f “hme” are high.D. He can’t understand the culture there.
18. Why des the authr treasure that twel?
A. It was made in his hmetwn.B. It is a present frm his parents.
C. Its smell awakened his memries.D. Its design wins his preference.
19. What des the authr want t cnvey in the last paragraph?
A. He n lnger feels a sense f lss.
B. He feels a physical hme is unnecessary.
C. He has gt the answer t “Where are yu frm?”
D. He has fund a sense f hme in sme mments.
20. What can be the best title f the text?
A. A Man’s Hme Is His CastleB. There Is N Place Like Hme
C. The Smell Brings Me HmeD. The Emtin Cnnects Me With Hme
6
（2023春·河南開封·高三統(tǒng)考階段練習(xí)）Jim Glaub and Dylan Parker had just been handed the keys t their new Manhattan apartment n 22nd Street when the utging tenant (房客) said smething curius: “Just s yu knw, there’s this thing where letters addressed t Santa cme t the apartment.” The previus tenants had received the mail t. It had been cming fr years, and n ne knws why. “But it’s nt that big a deal.”
Glaub and Parker settled int their new hme, and fr the first tw years nly a few letters trickled (緩慢增加) in frm kids r parents asking “Santa” fr gifts: tys, cals, dlls. Then in the mnths befre Christmas 2010, they were deluged. Every day, they’d pen their mailbx t find it full f letters t Santa. They respnded t as many as they culd, writing ntes, even buying gifts. But they culd nly d s much.
Glaub, f curse, is nt Santa. He runs a Bradway marketing cmpany. But ne night, when he and Parker threw a Christmas party, a slutin appeared. Guests nticed the hundreds f letters and asked abut them.
“I tld them the stry,” Glaub says. His guests were interested. “A lt f peple were like, ‘I’ll take a letter. I’ll fulfill it.” That’s when Glaub and Parker realized they didn’t have t fulfill all these letters themselves. “Peple want t help.” And s was brn Miracle n 22nd Street, a cmmunity-based vlunteer rganizatin that respnds t children’s letters t Santa with seasn’s greetings and gifts fr kids.
T spread the wrd, they started a website, miraclen 22nd street.cm. Wrking with ther nnprfits that help thse in need, they invited families frm arund the cuntry t g nline and request gifts and Christmas tys fr children.
Glaub n lnger think abut why the letters cme t the apartment. “It’s part f Christmas fr me,” he says. “It’s the same fr the kids and families. They lk frward t it. It wuldn’t be Christmas withut it.”
21. Why did Glaub and Parker receive s many letters during Christmas?
A. They wanted t help the kids.
B. They were rich enugh t affrd the gifts.
C. The previus tenant instructed them t.
D. It’s a lng-lasting traditin with unknwing reasns.
22. What des the underlined wrd “deluged” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Frightened.B. Flded.C. Disappinted.D. Praised.
23. Hw did Glaub and Parker respnd t the letters?
A. They held a party t seek help frm guests.
B. They spread the news by wrd f muth.
C. They pled the resurces f the cmmunity.
D. They set a cmpany t buy gifts fr the need.
24. Which is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Christmas Gifts frm SantaB. A Real-life Versin f Santa
C. Receiving Mysterius LettersD. The Unnticed Act f Kindness
7
（2023·江蘇泰州·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）At age 23, Chad’s life was just beginning. But ne night, a drunk driver crashed int his mtrcycle and his leg was severely injured. T save the leg, Chad went thrugh peratin after peratin, but in vain. When the dctr annunced the leg had t cme ff, Chad sank int a bitter desperatin. Hw wuld he functin with nly ne leg? Wuld he have the family he had always dreamed f? And hw wuld he ever pay ff the hspital bills?
Nthing we did eased his deep frustratin. One night, I brught Gene, the husband f my clleague, t Chad’s hspital rm. Gene jked with Chad at nce, telling him he was “n his last leg”. Chad explded, “Hw can yu talk like that when they’re ging t cut ff my leg?” Gene just bent ver, rlled up his trusers and revealed his wn prsthesis (假肢). I left them alne.
When I returned an hur later, the light had cme back int Chad’s eyes. “Gene said that peple wh give t thers always get back mre than they give. He said I shuld nt wrry abut my future and the mst imprtant thing was never t give up.”
Fur mnths later, Chad was back at wrk. He remembered Gene’s wrds. He learned t ride a bicycle with his fake leg, swam ne-legged and practiced running slw. Hwever, the hardest prblem was hw he wuld ever get back n his “ft” financially. The hspital bills wuld take him thirty years t pay.
His dctr ften called t ask him t rush t the hspital and ffer cmfrt t an injury victim. N matter hw tired Chad was, n matter when he was called, he wuld drp everything t help. One day, he received a different call. “Chad,” the dctr began, “I am calling t tell yu that a stranger has just paid all yur medical bills.”
Gene was right. Peple wh give freely t thers get back mre than they give.
25. What can we learn abut Chad after the accident?
A. He felt cncerned abut his future.B. He left the hspital in desperatin.
C. He regretted riding the mtrcycle.D. He refused t receive the treatment.
26. Hw did Gene manage t cheer Chad?
A. He tended Chad carefully and lvingly.
B. He ffered sme funny wrds f cmfrt.
C. He shared a similar stry f his wn with Chad.
D. He prved t be capable f swimming ne-legged.
27. Which f the fllwing best describes Chad?
A. Determined and helpful.B. Caring and humrus.
C. Cnfident and cperative.D. Ambitius and warmhearted.
28. What message des the authr want t cnvey in the text?
A. Lve breaks dwn barriers.B. Kindness is always rewarded.
C. A gd medicine tastes bitter.D. He wh laughs last laughs best.
8
（2023·貴州·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）Alena Analeigh Wicker lad an incredibly impressive list f accmplishments. She studied bilgical sciences at tw separate universities. She is a frmer NASA intern and went t a medical schl. At the yung age f 13, she was well n her way t achieving her dreams and ambitins. She als supplied supprt t ther yung girls like her, wh were interested in science and technlgy, and hped that her stry wuld serve as a surce f inspiratin.
Alena’s mther, McQuarter, claimed that her daughter had always been exceptinal and superir. She ffered t be educated at hme, S McQuarter hmeschled Alena during elementary schl. Even after Alena returned t schl in the fifth grade, she cntinued studying high schl subjects based n a curse carefully designed by her mther.
“I was bred,” Alena explains. “The high schl wrk was s easy fr me that I ended up graduating frm high schl when I was 12. I lve schl; I lve learning; I lve reading. I have a desire t learn, and that has just always been me.”
After graduatin, Alena went t tw separate universities, earning degrees in bilgical sciences frm bth Arizna State University and Oakwd University. And while studying fr the accelerated degrees, Alena started the Brwn STEM Girl Fundatin, in hnr f Katherine Jhnsn, wh had been a pineering African-American mathematician at NASA. The Fundatin’s target is t engage and educate girls in Science, Technlgy, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM).
Alena has prmted her fundatin nline. “It feels amazing t be able t create a path fr girls that lk like me.” Alena shares her tips. She says, “It desn’t matter hw ld yu are. Yu can d it. Dn’t let anybdy tell yu n. I wuld say t any little girl ut there that’s reading this: Never give up n yurself and never let anyne tell yu that yu can’t d smething.”
29. What d we knw abut McQuarter?
A. She tk great pride in Alena.
B. She advised Alena t study at hme.
C. She ensured Alena studied at schl until 12.
D. She frced Alena t learn high schl subjects.
30. What is the gal f the Brwn STEM Girl Fundatin?
A. T educate girls t g t cllege.
B. T expse girls t the scientific field.
C. T prmte the develpment f science.
D. T inspire girls t becme members f NASA.
31. Why des the authr mentin Alena’s wrds in the last paragraph?
A. T ffer an aplgy.B. T make a request.
C. T make a suggestin.D. T ffer an invitatin.
32. Which wrds can best describe Alena?
A. Hnest and daring.B. Mdest and generus.
C. Talented and gd-lking.D. Prmising and caring.
9
（2023·全國·高三專題練習(xí)） Terri Bltn is a dab hand when it cmes t DIY (d-it-yurself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing tgether furniture, she never pays smene else t d a jb she can d herself.
She credits these skills t her late grandfather and builder Derek Llyd. Frm the age f six, Terri, nw 26, accmpanied Derek t wrk during her schl hlidays. A day’s wrk was rewarded with ￡5 in pcket mney. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much f a help t start with, painting the rms and putting dwn the flring thrughut the huse. It tk weeks and it was backbreaking wrk, but I knw he was prud f my skills.”
Terri, wh nw rents a huse with friends in Wandswrth, Suth West Lndn, says DIY als saves her frm lsing any depsit when a tenancy (租期) cmes t an end. She adds: “I’ve mved huse many times and I always like t persnalise my rm and put up pictures, s, it’s been useful t knw hw t cver up hles and repaint a rm t avid any charges when I’ve mved ut.”
With millins f peple likely t take n DIY prjects ver that cming weeks, new research shws that mre than half f peple are planning t make the mst f the lng, warm summer days t get jbs dne. The average spend per prject will be arund ￡823. Tw thirds f peple aim t imprve their cmfrt while at hme. Tw fifth wish t increase the value f their huse. Thugh DIY has traditinally been seen as male hbby, the research shws it is wmen nw leading the charge.
33. Which is clsest in meaning t “a dab hand” in paragraph 1?
A. An artist.B. A winner.C. A specialist.D. A pineer.
34. Why did Terri’s grandfather give her ￡5 a day?
A. Fr a birthday gift.B. As a treat fr her wrk.
C. T supprt her DIY prjects.D. T encurage her t take up a hbby.
35. Hw did Terri avid lsing the depsit n the huse she rented?
A. By making it lk like befre.B. By furnishing it herself.
C. By splitting the rent with a rmmate.D. By cancelling the rental agreement.
36. What trend in DIY des the research shw?
A. It is becming mre cstly.B. It is getting mre time-cnsuming.
C. It is turning int a seasnal industry.D. It is gaining ppularity amng females.
10
（2023·甘肅酒泉·統(tǒng)考三模）At the age f sixteen, I jined a vlunteer grup with my dad. I went n my first vlunteer prject in West Virginia. On the night we arrived, we discvered that “ur family” was living in a trailer (拖車) that was in pr cnditin. A crew had been wrking n it fr tw weeks, but every time they finished ne prblem, anther surfaced.
We decided the nly reasnable slutin was t build a new huse — smething unusual but necessary under these circumstances. The family was verjyed with their new huse that was twenty by thirty feet with three bedrms, a bath and a kitchen.
On Tuesday f that week, while we ate lunch tgether, I asked the family’s three bys, Jsh, Eric and Ryan, “What d yu want fr yur new rm?” Expecting tys and ther gadgets that children usually ask fr, we were surprised when Jsh respnded, “I just want a bed.”
The bys had never slept in a bed! They were accustmed t plastic mats. That night we had a meeting and decided that beds wuld be the perfect gift. On Thursday night, a few adults in ur grup drve t the nearest city and bught beds and new bedding.
When we saw the delivery truck cming, we tld the family abut the surprise. We culd hardly cntain urselves. It was like watching excited children n Christmas mrning.
That afternn, as we fitted the frames f the beds tgether, Eric ran int the huse t watch us. T dirty t enter his rm, he bserved with wide-eyed enthusiasm frm the drway.
As my father slipped a pillwcase (枕套) nt ne f the pillws, Eric asked, “What is that?” “A pillw,” he replied. “What d yu d with it?” Eric cntinued t ask. “When yu g t sleep, yu put yur head n it,” I answered sftly. Tears came t ur eyes as he handed Eric the pillw. “Oh... that’s sft,” he said, hugging it tightly.
Nw, when my sister r I start t ask fr smething that seems urgent, my dad gently asks, “D yu have a pillw?” We knw exactly what he means.
37. Why did the writer’s vlunteer grup decide t build a new huse fr the pr family?
A. The trailer was t small t hld such a large family.
B. Sme strangers had dnated sme mney t the family.
C. The trailer was in such pr cnditin that it culdn’t be fixed up.
D. The crew that had been wrking n it fr tw weeks asked them t d s.
38. Hw did the writer feel when Jsh respnded, “I just want a bed.”?
A. Amazed.B. Thrilled.C. Cnfused.D. Embarrassed.
39. What can we infer frm the father’s wrds at the end f the stry?
A. What he will buy is nt what they want but a pillw.
B. His children shuld d mre vlunteer wrk fr the pr.
C. His children shuld nt waste mney n cheap things.
D. What they ask fr may nt be necessary.
40. What d we knw abut Eric?
A. He was accustmed t sleeping with a pillw under his head.
B. He didn’t enter the rm when he asked the questins.
C. He slipped a pillwcase nt ne f the pillws.
D. He begged the vlunteer grup t buy sme pillws.
11
（2023春·廣東惠州·高三統(tǒng)考期末）Mney Daniels spends several hurs every week cleaning up cans and bttles in the rivers near his hme with ther teen envirnmentalists in Chattanga, TN. Tgether, they have cllected mre than 1 tn f aluminum cans, nearly 1,000 cans a week fr a year. In January, he c-funded a club called the Cleanup Kids with his best friend. The prject’s missin: t encurage kids t pick up 1 millin punds f trash acrss the glbe befre the end f the year.
Daniels says he first develped a passin fr wildlife when he was 3. “As far back as I can remember, I’ve always lved animals,” Daniels says. Marine life especially interests him. When he began discvering trash n walks alng the river with his family, he immediately thught f his favrite sea creatures.
His missin nw is saving the earth’s rivers, which he pints ut are even mre plluted than the wrld’s ceans. “Eighty percent f the cean’s trash cmes frm rivers,” he says. In 2019, he adpted the name Cnservatin Kid n Instagram, and started psting abut things like hw smething as simple as a deserted face mask can entangle (纏住), chke, and kill turtles, birds, and fish. Mask waste has increased an estimated 9,000% since the pandemic(疫情) began.
Althugh he mstly speaks t ther teens, Daniels has fund that adults are ften persuaded by his argument that cleaning up, recycling, and ridding plastic ught t be a selfish act fr humanity: when plastics break dwn, they can wind up in ur drinking water. He has met with the mayr f his city, and his experiences speaking with influential grwnups has cnvinced him that adults can change their habits.
But, in truth, the burden t save the planet has landed n children like him. “Kids may be a small percent f the ppulatin, but we’re 100% f the future,” he says. “And we can save the wrld.”
41. What led t the birth f Daniel’s prject?
A. The inspiratin frm his best friend.
B. The gal t make a rle mdel fr kids.
C. The cncern fr the cean life.
D. The idea f ther teen envirnmentalists.
42. Which can be inferred frm paragraph 3?
A. The cean’s trash has grwn rapidly.
B. The river pllutin requires less attentin.
C. Many animals are infected in the pandemic.
D. River waste cntributes mst t the cean’s trash.
43. Which f the fllwing can best describe Mney Daniels?
A. Optimistic and creative.
B. Caring and respnsible.
C. Cnsiderate and generus.
D. Curageus and devted.
44. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Grwnups’selfish behavirs fr humanity.
B. A teenager’s cntributins t saving the waters.
C. A yungster’s respnsibility t prtect the wrld.
D. Teen envirnmentalists’ effrts t clean the ceans.
12
（2023·吉林長春·東北師大附中?？寄M預(yù)測）“Mm!” a girl calls ut in a busy stre. I turn tward it, s d several ther wmen. It desn’t matter that I’m in the stre alne r that my tw daughters are much lder than this helpless little vice. When I hear “Mm!” I am ready fr actin and rescue.
Mm is defined in the dictinary as a female parent. But thrugh the years my children have used the wrd t mean much mre.
Jessica, at 7, screams “M-hm” in an accusing tne, fr she can’t find a matching sck.
Fr Sarah, at 13, n a mrning when she’s already late fr schl, “Mm!” means “I am desperate fr new clthes. I can’t believe I’ve existed in these rags.”
“Mm?” Sarah is almst 17 and rarely kncks n my dr in the mrning anymre. Yet I recgnize the vulnerability in her vice.
“D yu want sme help?” I ask her, sleep-blurred.
She nds, and then bursts int tears. “Jhn’s mad at me, and I dn’t knw why. He wn’t talk tme. What shuld I d?”
I put my arm arund her. I want t prtect my child frm the cruel beasts wh make her weep s, but I’ve gt a ht ptat f my wn just nw. I feel the disability f being respnsible fr myself and fr my daughters. I talk t my friends and they empathize(共情). I talk t my brther and he slves prblems. I need mre.
S I dial the familiar number I nce called frm cllege.
“Hell?” The vice is crackly, uncertain. It has lived thrugh s much already that it’s cautius abut anther blw.
“Mm?” I say.
“Hney, are yu all right?” my mther asks.
Smehw, that is everything I want t hear.
45. What des the underlined wrd “vulnerability” mean in paragraph 5?
A. Tensin.B. Delight.C. Weakness.D. Curisity.
46. Why can’t the writer help her daughter this time?
A. She has n clue wh Jhn is.B. Her wrk takes all her attentin.
C. She is t mentally exhausted.D. She is t sleepy t stay fcused.
47. What can best describe the writer?
A. Ambitius and faithful.B. Enthusiastic and humrus.
C. Brave and independent.D. Sensitive and respnsible.
48. What can we learn frm the text?
A. The mther’s mind is the child’s classrm.
B. A mther always cares fr the yungest child.
C. The wrld’s all glry and pride all cme frm the mther.
D. The mst beautiful vice in the wrld is the call f mther.
13
（2023·四川巴中·統(tǒng)考一模）French writer Annie Ernaux wn the 2022 Nbel Prize in literature n Oct 6. She is the first French female t win the prize. In the wrds f the Nbel cmmittee, Ernaux was given the award “fr the curage and amazing insight” f her writing.
Having spent ver five decades as a writer, the 82-year-ld winner has published mre than 20 bks t her name, including Cleaned Out (1974), Shame (1997) and A Girl’s Stry(2016).
Rather than cnsider herself a writer f fictin, Ernaux has used the term “an ethnlgist (民族學(xué)家) f herself” t describe herself.
Brn in 1940 in a rural village in Nrmandy, France, Ernaux grew up in a wrking-class envirnment as her parents ran a cmbined grcery stre and cafe. She wrked as a teacher befre becming a full-time writer. Her “upbringing and experiences navigating adlescence and adulthd” inspire many f her wrks. Fr example, the bk Shame explres the theme f childhd trauma (創(chuàng)傷) while A Girl’s Stry fllws a yung wman’s cming f age in the 1950s.
Thugh the matters Ernaux describes in her bks are serius and even smetimes heavy, they are always written in plain language. Ernaux described her style as “flat writing” thrugh which she aims t tell her stries bjectively, “unshaped by flrid (過多修飾的) descriptin r verwhelming emtins,” nted Fx News.
“She writes abut things that n ne else writes abut, fr instance her jealusy, her experiences as an abandned lver and s frth. I mean, really hard experiences, “ Anders Olssn, chairman f the Nbel Cmmittee fr Literature, said after the award annuncement in Stckhlm. He added, “She gives wrds fr these experiences that are very simple and striking. They are shrt bks, but they are really mving.”
49. What can we learn abut Annie Ernaux frm the text?
A. She was awarded fr the bravery and bservatins shwn in her writing.
B. The Nbel cmmittee described her as “an ethnlgist f herself”.
C. She is the first French persn t win the Nbel Prize.
D. She started wrking as a full-time writer in 1974.
50. Where did she get inspiratin fr her wrks?
A. Her students’ lives.
B. Her persnal experiences.
C. The stries f guests t her cafe.
D. The histry f her hmetwn.
51. Which f the fllwing best describes Ernaux’s writing style?
A. Plain and relaxing.
B. Descriptive and serius.
C. Objective and easy t understand.
D. Emtinal and tuching.
52. Why is Annie Ernaux different frm ther writers, accrding t Anders Olssn?
A. She suffered a lt f hardships.
B. Her wrks are shrt and mving.
C. Her wrks are abut unexplred subjects.
D. She shares painful feelings thrugh her writing.
14
（2023·四川巴中·統(tǒng)考一模）When I was abut 5 years ld, the Santa Claus Parade came t twn and passed within a blck f ur huse. On that mrning, my mther dressed me up and sent me ut in the street with my 11-year-ld sister as temprary guardian.
I was fascinated by the crwd. Vendrs (小販) sld ppcrn, candy apples and ht chestnuts. Thrugh the eyes f a child, the parade was larger than life with giant flats, marching bands, snwmen, elves and magical strybk creatures that captured my imaginatin.
I was attracted by the cstumed children sitting n the flats-always waving t the crwd. Whever they were, I knew I wanted t be ne f them. I wanted t be in the parade. I wanted t wave as the entire city lined the streets t see me. This quickly became my ultimate fantasy in the fllwing few years.
But I was als a realist. We were a family f mdest means. There was n way my family culd be able t find an entry pint int the parade.
Abut 20 years later, I was able t see the parade again thrugh my children’s eyes. T me, the parade was as magnificent as ever. I still lved the flats, but nw I als enjyed watching the cstumed marchers and the bands.
I realized that I still wanted t be in it. Happily, I discvered the parade is always lking fr vlunteers. My daughter signed up t sit n a flat as an Ice Princess and I was given the rle f marshal(典禮官).
The jb was pretty easy. Our primary fcus was keeping children safe. I wasn’t suppsed t interact with the crwd but I just culdn’t stp myself frm watching s many adring nlkers as I walked past. Sme kids wanted t shake my hand. Others thrust their letters t Santa at me, which I cllected and depsited in a mailbx at the end f the parade. It wvas a heady experience.
I returned t vlunteer every year thereafter. My daughter graduated frm a flat kid t a marcher and eventually drpped ut f the parade. But I cntinued. I was a marshal fr 21 years, and I will keep cming back.
53. What was the authr’s ultimate fantasy when she was a child?
A. Buying snacks frm the vendrs.
B. Waving at the crwd frm the flats.
C. Dressing up as a magical creature.
D. Jining in the marching bands.
54. Which f the fllwing best explains “means” underlined in Paragraph 4?
A. incme
B. way
C. methd
D. apprach
55. What has been the authr’s main jb in the parade fr the past 21 years?
A. Cllecting children’s letters t Santa.
B. Keeping the flats mving steadily.
C. Interacting wvith the crwd.
D. Ensuring the safety f kids.
56. What is the text mainly abut?
A. the Santa Claus parade
B. Celebrating Christmas thrugh the years
C. Ways t celebrate Christmas
D. A sweet memry
15
（2023·四川·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）Frane Selak, a music teacher in Cratia, was brn in 1929. He is prbably the unluckiest and luckiest man in the wrld, whse stry is s incredible that it will leave yu speechless.
The first time he was n the verge f death was n a cld January day in 1962, when he was traveling by train t Dubrvnik. The train suddenly derailed in a frzen river, killing 17 passengers. He managed t escape with nly a brken arm, a few scratches, and bruises. A year later, he was flying frm Zagreb t Rijeka, when suddenly a dr came ff and the teacher flew ut f the plane. We dn’t usually hear much abut survivrs when it cmes t plane crashes, as evidenced by the 19 peple wh lst their lives in the crash. With ne exceptin — Frane Selak, wh was lucky enugh t land n a haystack and wke up a few days later in hspital with minr injuries.
The series f unfrtunate events did nt stp here. Or are they frtunate? In 1966, Frane Selak was traveling in a bus that crashed and fell int a river. There were fur casualties, but Selak cheated death again. In 1970, Selak was driving when suddenly his car caught fire. He was lucky t get ut f the car just befre it explded. Three years later, anther f Selak’ scars caught fire. He lived mments f hrrr, caught fire, and lst almst all his hair, but again he survived withut majr injuries.
In 1995 he was in Zagreb and ne day he was hit by a bus, but miraculusly survived and was left with nly a few injuries. The fllwing year, Frane Selak drve int a parapet t avid a truck cming frm the ppsite directin. He was thrwn ut f the car and left hanging frm a tree, nly t see his car explde 100 meters belw.
T make the picture cmplete and the character’s luck unquestinable, in 2003, Selak wn 1 millin dllars in the Cratian lttery. In 2010, the 81-year-ld retiree decided that “mney can’t buy happiness”, and decided t live a mdest life with his fifth wife.
Frane Selak is nw wrld-famus fr escaping death.
57. What is the text mainly abut?
A. Hw t survive when yu are in a traffic accident.
B. Curage is a weapn against death.
C. A man with fabulus gd luck.
D. Plane crashes can be deadly.
58. Hw many times has Frane Selak escaped death?
A. 6.B. 7.C. 8.D. 9.
59. What can we learn abut Frane Selak?
A. He wanted a peaceful retirement.
B. He was invlved in three plane crashes.
C. He was prud f his frtunate experiences.
D. He suffered serius injuries all ver his bdy in 1973.
60. Which f the fllwing events highlights Frane Selak’s dramatic stry?
A. He fled just befre the car explded in 1970.
B. He was the nly survivr f a plane crash in 1963.
C. He was hit by a bus but almst uninjured in 1995.
D. He wn 1,000,000 dllars in the Cratian lttery in 2003.

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