考點突破 · 精講即練
考點一 連接詞that與whether/if一、連接詞that的用法1.that在名詞性從句中不作任何句子成分,引導(dǎo)賓語從句時有時可以省略,引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句時不能省略。I lve the fact that Chinese buses, mtrcycles, trains and aircraft are either ecnmical r cheap.我喜歡中國的公共汽車、摩托車、火車和飛機,既經(jīng)濟又便宜。
【點津】that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時幾種不能省略的情況:①that從句作介詞的賓語時;②動詞后跟有多個that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時,只有第一個that可以省略,從第二個從句開始that不可省略;③賓語從句前有插入語時;④that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句位于句首時。
2.that引導(dǎo)主語從句時,常用it作形式主語的常用句型有:(1)It+be+形容詞(necessary, right, likely, unlikely, wrng, imprtant, certain等)+that從句It is unlikely that I shuld accept such an ffer as that.我不可能接受那樣的提議。(2)It+be+名詞(短語)(a pity, a shame, a surprise, n wnder等)+that從句It is a pity that yur cmpsitin has s many spelling mistakes.很可惜,你的作文有這么多的拼寫錯誤。
(3)It+be+過去分詞(said, reprted, decided等)+that從句It is decided that the meeting has been put ff till next Mnday.已決定會議推遲到下周一舉行。(4)It+特殊動詞(短語)(seems, appears, happens, matters, turns ut, makes n difference 等)+that從句It turns ut that the brain needs exercise in much the same way ur muscles d.結(jié)果表明,大腦像肌肉一樣都需要鍛煉。
【點津】在以下主語從句中,常使用虛擬語氣,即謂語動詞用“shuld+動詞原形”形式,其中的shuld可以省略。①It is a pity+that ...②It is necessary/strange/imprtant/natural ...+that ...③It is suggested/requested/required/prpsed/desired...+that...
3.it作形式賓語的賓語從句(1)find, feel, think, cnsider, make, believe 等的賓語后有賓語補足語時,需用it作形式賓語而將that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句后置。He has made it clear that the meeting will nt be pstpned.他清楚地表明會議不會被推遲。(2)一些動詞短語see t, depend n, rely n 等常用it作形式賓語,而將賓語從句后置。I shall see t it that he is taken gd care f when yu are absent.你不在的時候,我保證照顧好他。
二、連接詞whether與if引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句1.引導(dǎo)主語從句(if引導(dǎo)主語只能放在句尾,前面要用it作形式主語。)、表語從句、同位語從句時一般用whether。2.whether與if引導(dǎo)賓語從句時大多數(shù)情況下可以互換,但下列情況下宜用whether:①后面直接跟r nt時;②用于介詞后引導(dǎo)賓語從句時。
【點津】dubt后接從句時,如果用于肯定句,從句的引導(dǎo)詞用whether或if;用于否定句或疑問句時,從句的引導(dǎo)詞常用that。The dctr really dubts whether/if my mther will recver frm the serius disease sn.醫(yī)生真的懷疑我母親是否能很快從重病中康復(fù)。
即時演練(一)單句語法填空1.______ peple in Lndn speak fast and use unfamiliar wrds made Xie Lei cnfused at first.2.Dick enjys painting but he knws the fact ______ he desn't have what it takes t be a prfessinal.3.His capability has never been in dubt; the questin is _________ he is prepared t put effrts.
4.Smetimes, I really dubt ____________ there is lve between my parents.They quarrel n a regular basis.5.It is reprted ______ we must be cautius abut earthquakes nwadays.
考點二 連接代詞一、what的用法what可引導(dǎo)主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句,在從句中作主語、表語、賓語或定語等。what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時有兩個意思:一是表示“什么”,帶有疑問意味;二是表示“……的東西或事情”,相當于一個先行詞后接一個關(guān)系代詞。Our teachers always tell us t believe in what we d and wh we are if we want t succeed.我們的老師總是告訴我們,如果我們想要成功,要相信我們所做的事情和我們自己。
二、whatever,whever, whmever,whichever與what, wh, whm, which的區(qū)別
What wrries us mst is wh let ut the secret.最令我們擔憂的是誰泄漏了秘密。Whever breaks the law shuld be punished.任何觸犯法律的人都應(yīng)該受到懲罰。
即時演練(二)單句語法填空1.______ she culdn't understand was why fewer and fewer students shwed interest in her lessns.2.We wrte a letter f thanks t _________had helped us.3.The prblem is _____ shuld be sent t help them ut.4.I'm in a puzzle abut _______ is the right answer t the questin.5.Libraries have evlved as the public's needs have changed. In fact, if yu haven't visited yur lcal public library fr a while, yu may be surprised at ______ it nw has t ffer.
考點三 連接副詞引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接副詞有when,where,why,hw等,它們均在從句中作狀語。I have n idea when she will be back.我不知道她何時回來。
I've been thinking abut hw we can make the newspaper mre interesting.我一直考慮我們?nèi)绾文苁箞蠹埜腥?。That's why I want yu t wrk there.那就是我要你在那兒工作的原因。
即時演練(三)單句語法填空1.What puzzles Mike's friends is _____ he refused an ffer frm Yale university yesterday.2.What sme teenagers dn't realize is _____ difficult life can be after they get addicted t drugs.3.It is the ability t d the jb that matters, nt _______ yu cme frm r what yu are.
4.Getting up early als relieves stress and tensin because it gives yu the time t squeeze in a wrkut befre yu get distracted (分神). This is _____ mrning peple tend t be healthier and happier.
集訓(xùn)夯基 · 素養(yǎng)提能
Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.(2022·浙江卷)Cbb, fr her party, started t ask cnference rganizers wh invited her t speak ____________ she culd d s remtely.解析:考查名詞性從句。句意:對于她的出席,Cbb開始詢問邀請她的會議組織者是否可以遠程進行演講。顯然ask后面出現(xiàn)了一個賓語從句,賓語從句句意不完整,whether/if“是否”符合語境。故填if/whether。
2.(2021·天津卷)What puzzles Lily's friends is _____ she always has s many crazy ideas.解析:考查名詞性從句。句意:令Lily的朋友們感到困擾的是她為什么總有這么多瘋狂的想法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本句是一個表語從句,設(shè)空處需填一個引導(dǎo)表語從句的連接詞。根據(jù)句意可知,這里要有連接副詞why引導(dǎo)表語從句,表示“為什么”。故填why。
3.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)______ is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes.解析:考查名詞性從句。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句中缺少引導(dǎo)主語從句并在主語從句中作主語的連接代詞。連接代詞what具有這一功能,相當于 the thing that。故填What。
4.(2020·江蘇卷)It is nt a prblem _________ we can win the battle;it's just a matter f time.解析:考查名詞性從句。句意:我們能否打贏這場戰(zhàn)斗不是問題;這只是時間問題。it是形式主語,whether引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語。故填whether。
5.(2020·天津卷)The student cmpleted this experiment t make cme true ______ Prfessr Jseph had said.解析:考查名詞性從句。句意:為了使約瑟夫教授所說的成為現(xiàn)實,這個學(xué)生完成了這個實驗。 Prfessr Jseph had said作make的賓語從句,該從句中,空處在從句中作said的賓語,表示“……所說的話”,因此應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)該從句。故填what。
6.(全國Ⅰ卷)While they are rare nrth f 88°,there is evidence ______ they range all the way acrss the Arctic,and as far suth as James Bay in Canada.解析:考查名詞性從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,主句為there be句型,且結(jié)構(gòu)完整,空格后為同位語從句,解釋說明抽象名詞evidence的內(nèi)容。故填that。
7.(全國Ⅲ卷)I'm nt sure ___________ is mre frightened,me r the female grilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears ut f nwhere.解析:考查名詞性從句。句意:我不確定誰(哪一個)更害怕,是我還是那只不知從哪里突然冒出來的雌猩猩。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知, 空格后為賓語從句,從句缺主語。故填wh/which。
8.(江蘇卷)Scientists have btained mre evidence ______ plastic is finding its way int the human bdy.解析:考查名詞性從句。從句不缺句子成分,且解釋說明抽象名詞evidence的內(nèi)容,所以用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句。故填that。9.(北京卷)This is ______ my father has taught me—t always face difficulties and hpe fr the best.解析:考查名詞性從句。根據(jù)設(shè)空處前的is 可以判斷,此處是一個表語從句。 從句中謂語動詞用法為teach sb.sth.,缺少直接賓語。故填what。
10.(天津卷)The gld medal will be awarded t _________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.解析:考查名詞性從句。介詞t后是賓語從句,從句中動詞wins前缺主語,而且金牌給的是“任何……的人”,因此填whever引導(dǎo)賓語從句。故填whever。11.(浙江卷)It is pssible ______ caffeine may cause birth defects(缺陷) in humans,t.解析:考查名詞性從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,該句是一個主從復(fù)合句,it作形式主語,that從句為真正的主語。故填that。
Ⅱ.語法填空名詞性從句專練________ wrries my classmate Mary a lt these days is ________ she puts n t much weight and she is frequently ill.She has sme dubts ___________ she eats t much fast fd high in fat r sugar.Als,with the cllege entrance examinatin appraching,she becmes mre stressful and she can't sleep well these days.Maybe this is _______ she becmes fatter these days,she thinks._______ she becmes slimmer and healthier has been her main task.S she wants t cnsult sme experts and gain sme instructins.
But where she culd get better suggestins and _______ will give her better advice als puzzle her.It is her parents' suggestin ________ she shuld cnsult Prfessr Wang in Zhngshan Hspital.Prfessr Wang suggests ________ she keep a balanced diet first.She shuld eat vegetables and fruit high in fiber,vitamin and prtein.What's mre,if she wants t lse weight,she had better take regular exercise mre than half an hur a day.Mary asked Prfessr Wang ________ she shuld take exercise.Prfessr Wang advised her t take exercise at 5 'clck in the afternn.That is ____________ she will have mre time t d sprts.It is with the help f Prfessr Wang that Mary has becme much healthier nw.
語篇導(dǎo)讀:本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述作者的同學(xué)瑪麗的煩惱,瑪麗擔心自己體重過重并且經(jīng)常生病,向王教授咨詢,在王教授的幫助下,通過均衡飲食和運動變得越來越健康。
解析:1.考查名詞性從句。分析句子可知,此空為主語從句,從句中缺少主語,表示“什么,所……的事情”。故填What。2.考查名詞性從句。分析句子可知,is后面為表語從句,從句成分完整,因此用that引導(dǎo),that無實際意義,在句中不作任何成分。故填that。3.考查名詞性從句。分析句子可知,dubt后接的是同位語從句,從句說的是dubt的內(nèi)容,從句中不缺少主語、賓語和表語成分,缺少“是否”的意思。故填whether。
4.考查名詞性從句。分析句子可知,is后接的是表語從句,從句中不缺少主語、賓語和表語成分,表示“……的原因”。故填why。5.考查名詞性從句。句意:如何變得更苗條和更健康已經(jīng)成為她的主要任務(wù)。分析句子可知,has been前為主語從句,從句中不缺少主語、賓語和表語成分,表示“如何,怎樣”。故填Hw。6.考查名詞性從句。句意:但是,在哪里她可以得到更好的建議,誰會給她更好的建議,這也讓她感到困惑。分析句子可知,puzzle前為主語從句,從句中缺少主語,表示“誰”。故填wh。
7.考查名詞性從句。句意:她父母建議她應(yīng)該咨詢中山醫(yī)院的王教授。分析句子可知,it為形式主語,真正的主語為空后的從句,從句中不缺少成分,且意義完整。故填that。8.考查名詞性從句。分析句子可知,suggests后接的是賓語從句,從句中不缺少成分,且意義完整。故填that。9.考查名詞性從句。分析句子可知,ask接雙賓語,空后為賓語從句,從句中不缺少成分,根據(jù)下文可知表示“什么時間”。故填when。10.考查名詞性從句。分析句子可知,is后接的是表語從句,從句中不缺少成分,表示“原因”。故填because。
Ⅲ.寫作運用(根據(jù)漢語提示完成下面短文,注意名詞性從句的運用)The Mment I Take Pride inWhere there is a will, there is a way.When I began t learn t ck three years ag, I failed many times.But in the end,1._____________________________________ (我所做的飯菜很可口), because I carried n with it.The first dish was fried eggs.At first, 2._______________________________________________________ (我很難控制油的溫度).In rder t learn it well, I wasted a great number f eggs.I never gave up until I fried eggs better.
what was cked by me was
it was very difficult fr me t cntrl the
very delicius
temperature f il

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