2022年7月高考真題
Ill. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
A filler wrd is an apparently meaningless wrd, phrase, r sund that marks a pause r hesitatin in speech. Als knwn as a pause filler r hesitatin frm. Sme f the cmmn filler wrds in English are um, uh, er, ah, like, kay, right, and yu knw. Althugh filler wrds“may have fairly minimal lexical(詞匯的) cntent,”ntes linguist Barbara A. Fx,“they can play a strategic syntactic(句法的)rle in a(n)(41)___________cnversatin”.What appears be a filler wrd may als be a hlphrase(整句字)(42)__________the cntext.“Hey , hey, shh, shh, shh. Cme n. Be sensitive t the fact that ther peple are nt cmfrtable.talking abut emtinal (43)________.Um, yu knw, I am, I'm fine with that, but. peple”
“Mdern linguists led by Lenard Blmfield in 1933 call these " hesitatin frms’ --the sunds f stammering ( uh), stuttering ( um, um) thrat-clearing ( ahem!), stalling ( well,um, that is), interjected when the speaker is searching wrds r (44)_____________fr the next thught.” Yu knw that y' knw is amng the mst cmmn f these (45)___________frms. Its meaning is nt the imperius 'yu understand’ r even the ld interrgatry “ d yu get it'? It is given as, and taken t be, merely a filler phrase , (46)____________t fill a beat in the flw f sund, nt unlike like, in its new sense f, like, a filler wrd. ..
These staples f mdern filler cmmunicatin--I mean, y'knw, like--can als be used as“tee-up wrds’. In lden times, pinter phrases r tee-up wrds were get this, wuld yu f these rib-nudging phrases was--are yu believe? and are yu ready? The (47)____________ready--t make the pint, t fcus the listener's attentin n what was t fllw... If the(48)___________is t tee up a pint, we shuld accept y ' knw and its friends as a mildly (49)____________spken punctuatin, the articulated cln ( 冒號(hào)) that signals “ fcus n this’ If the purpse is t grab a mment t think, we shuld allw urselves t wnder : t Why are filler phrases needed at all? What (50)____________the speaker t fill the mment f silence with any sund at all?
Why d sme peple fill the air with nn-wrds and sunds? Fr sme, it is a sign f nervusness; they fear silence and experience speaker (51)_____________.Recent research Clumbia University suggests anther reasn. Clumbia psychlgists guessed that speakers fill， pauses when (52)__________fr the next wrd. T investigate this (53 )____________they cunted the use f filler wrds used by lecturers in bilgy , chemistry , and mathematics , when the subject matter uses scientific definitins that limit the variety f wrd chice (54)_________ t the speaker. They then cmpared the number f filler wrds used by teachers in English, art histry, and philsphy, where the subject matter is less(55)__________.and mre pen t wrd chices.
41.A. undertaking B.discvering C.disliking D.unflding
42.A. depending n B.hlding up C. taking ver D.arranging fr
B.substances C.disturbances D.finances
44.A. n the cntrary B. at a lss C. at dawn D. n n accunt
45.A. perseverance B.cmplexity C.hesitatin D. bligatin
46.A. intended B. attended C.pretended D.extended
47.A. interest B.experience C.advantage D.functin
B. purpse C.cmpletin D.randm
B.striking C.entertaining D.embarrassing
50.A. ppresses B. recycles C.highlights D.mtivates
51.A. danger B.anxiety C.figure D.sculpture
52.A. bthering B.inspecting C.searching D.accmplishing
53，A.idea B.chance C.basis D.feedback
54.A. feasible B.credible C.cnsiderable D.available
55.A. well-matched B.well-defined C.well-bred D.well-perceived
解析：
41-55 DACBC ADBAD BCADB
41D[解析]結(jié)合該空之后提及的What appears t be a filler wrd may als be a hlphrase可知，該句句意為“看似填充詞的東西也可能是完整短語”，再結(jié)合相關(guān)選項(xiàng)分析，此處想要表達(dá)的是填充詞詞在對(duì)話交流中的重要作用，即此處句意為“它們可以在展開的 (unflding)話語中發(fā)揮戰(zhàn)略性的句法作用”，故選D。undertaking v.擔(dān)任;discvering v.發(fā)現(xiàn);disliking v.不喜歡;厭惡;unflding v.顯露;展現(xiàn);展開。
42.A[解析]此題根據(jù)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行反向推選，根據(jù)該空前提及的 What appears t be a filler wrd may als be a hlphrase 和該空后提及的 the cntext，這里將“填充詞”“完整語句”和“上下文”三個(gè)詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)于一句話中，再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行分析,可推知此處句意為“依據(jù)(depending n)上下文，看似填充詞的內(nèi)容也可能是完整短語”，故選A。depending n 依賴;依靠;hlding up 停頓;支持;taking ver接管;arranging fr安排
43.C[解析]根據(jù)該空前提及的 Be sensitive t the fact that ther peple are nt cmfrtable talking abut 可知，該空所填詞需要有一定的情感情緒在其中，結(jié)合相關(guān)選項(xiàng)分析，此處句意為“對(duì)別人不喜歡談?wù)撉榫w障礙 disturbances)的事實(shí)要敏感”，故選C。appliances.器具;器械;substances.物質(zhì);disturbances騷亂:困擾;finances n.資金;經(jīng)費(fèi)
44B[解析]結(jié)合上文提及的Mder linguists led by Lenard Blm field in 1933callthesehesitatin frms等相關(guān)內(nèi)容，可知，此處在表述講話時(shí)的一種“猶豫形式”再結(jié)合相關(guān)選項(xiàng)分析，與hesitatin frms相接近的意思選項(xiàng)為at a lss，即此處句意為“當(dāng)說話者在摸索單詞或不知所措地 (at a lss)想下一個(gè)想法時(shí)，會(huì)插嘴”，故選B。n the cntrary 與此相反;at a lss不知所措;at dawn拂曉時(shí);n n accunt絕不;切莫。
45.C[解析]結(jié)合上文對(duì)hesitatin frms 等填充詞所舉的例子，以及該空后提及 Its meaning is nt the imperius yu understand' r even the ld interrgatry d yu get it'? It is given as, and taken t be, merely a filler phrase 可推知，此處的 Yu knw 也是“最常見的猶豫 (hesitatin)形式之一”，故選C。perseverance n.毅力韌性;cmplexity n.復(fù)雜性;hesitatin n.猶豫;躊躇; bligatin n.義務(wù);責(zé)任。46.A[解析]結(jié)合該空之后提及的 like 的例子可推知，該空處想要表述的是關(guān)干填充詞使用的目的和意圖，即此處句意為“它只是一個(gè)填充詞，意在 (intended)填充聲音流中的一個(gè)節(jié)拍”，故選A。intended.打算;意指，attended v.出席參加;pretended.假裝;extended v.延伸;延長。
47.D[解析]結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容的講述以及該空后提及的 t make the pint, t fcus the listener's attentin n what was t fllw 可推知，此處在講述有關(guān)充詞交流的作用，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)分析，可推知此處句意為“這些短語的作用 (functin)是”，故上海高考英語真題解析[2023版](詳解詳析)
選 D。Interest n.興趣;吸引力;利益;experience n.經(jīng)驗(yàn);經(jīng)歷;advantage n.有利條件;優(yōu)勢(shì);functin n.功能;函數(shù)。
B[解析]結(jié)合下文提及的Ifthe purpse is t grab a mment t think,we shuld allw urselves t wnder 可知，此處句子結(jié)構(gòu)與上文相同，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)推知此處想表達(dá)的是根據(jù)不同的目的來選擇填充詞的使用，即該空處句意為“如果目的(purpse)是為了表達(dá)一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)”，故選B。Architecture n.建筑學(xué);結(jié)構(gòu);架構(gòu)purpse n.意圖;目的;cmpletin n.完成;結(jié)束;randm n.隨機(jī)。
49.A[解析]根據(jù)該空前提及的 mildly(和善地;輕微地)可排除B 項(xiàng)，兩者想表述的意思相反;而結(jié)合該空前提及的we shuld accept y’knw and its friends...和該空后提及的the articulated cln(冒號(hào))that signals fcus n this可知，yu knw 這一填充詞表述并不會(huì)使人尷尬或者使人愉快，相比之下A 項(xiàng)符合文意，即此處句意為“我們應(yīng)該接受“你知道”和它的朋友們作為一個(gè)稍微煩人的(annying)口語標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，即清晰的冒號(hào)(冒號(hào))這意味著“專注于這個(gè)””故選A。annying adj.煩人的;striking adj.顯著的;引人注目的;entertaining adj.有趣的;使人愉快的;embarrassing adj令人尷尬的。
50D[解析]結(jié)合該空后提及的the speaker t fill the mment f silence with any sund at all 可知此處與“演講者借助填充詞來填補(bǔ)沉默時(shí)刻”的情境相關(guān)，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)以及上文內(nèi)容可推知，此處需要思考的內(nèi)容是“是什么促使(mtivates)演講者用任何聲音來填補(bǔ)沉默的時(shí)刻”，其余選項(xiàng)與文意不符，故選D。ppresses v.壓迫;壓制;recycles v.回收利用;highlights v.突出;強(qiáng)調(diào);mtivates v.激發(fā)誘發(fā)。
51B[解析]結(jié)合上文提及的Fr sme,it is a sign f nervusness 可推知此處想要表達(dá)的是“他們害怕沉默，并經(jīng)歷演講者的焦慮 (anxiety)”，故選B。danger n危險(xiǎn);anxiety n.焦慮;擔(dān)心;figure n.數(shù)字;人影;形象;sculpture n.雕刻作品。
C[解析]根據(jù)該空后提及的 fr the next wrd，可以排除A項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)，這兩項(xiàng)填入文章語意不通順，再結(jié)合下文的相關(guān)研究分析可推知，此處更符合文意的是 inspecting，因?yàn)?inspect 側(cè)重于為了查看東西的質(zhì)量或情況而仔細(xì)地查看，而search 更側(cè)重于有目的的搜查、搜索，相較之下，C 項(xiàng)符合文意，即此處句意為“哥倫比亞大學(xué)的心理學(xué)家推測，說話者在搜索 (searching) 下一個(gè)單詞時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)停頓”，故選 C。Bthering v打擾;煩擾:迷惑;inspecting v.檢查;檢驗(yàn).searching v.搜查;探查;accmplishing v.完成;達(dá)到。
53.A[解析]結(jié)合上文提及的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，可知上文提及的是觀點(diǎn)，下文對(duì)觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行研究分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)即可分析此處句意為“為了調(diào)查這一觀點(diǎn)(idea)，他們統(tǒng)計(jì)了生物、化學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)講師使用的填充詞的使用情況”，故選 A。idea n. 想法chance n，可能性;機(jī)會(huì);basis n.基礎(chǔ);基準(zhǔn);feedback n.反饋54.D[解析]結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，此處是在對(duì)各科教師使用填充詞情況的研究結(jié)合相關(guān)選項(xiàng)可排除B和C項(xiàng),再根據(jù)該空后提及的where the subject matter uses scientific definitins that limit the variety f wrd chices 可知，此處更側(cè)重于他們使用填充詞的“多樣性”，由此推知 D項(xiàng)更符合文意，即此處句意為“其中主題使用的科學(xué)定義限制了演講者可用的 (available) 單詞選擇的多樣性”，故選D。feasible adj.可行的;credible adj.可信的;可靠的;cnsiderable adj想當(dāng)多/大的;available adj.可用的;可獲得的。
55B[解析]結(jié)合上文提及的 where the subject matter uses scientific definitins that limit the variety f wrd chices 可知，此處的情況與上文所述內(nèi)容情況相反，即可推知此處句意為“然后，他們比較了英語、藝術(shù)史和哲學(xué)中教師使用的填充詞的數(shù)量，這些領(lǐng)域的主題定義不太明確 (well-defined)，更容易選擇單詞”，故選B。well-matched adj.搭配得當(dāng)?shù)?well-defined adj.定義明確的;界限清楚的well-bred adj.有教養(yǎng)的;良種的;well-perceived adj，有知覺的。
2022年1月高考真題
Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext
Artificially sweetened diet drinks make n difference t weight gain and shuld nt be seen as healthier than their sugar-laden cunterparts, accrding t a team f experts, A review f research evidence cncludes there is nthing t supprt claims that sugar free versins f ppular sft drinks can help (4l) _______besity and related diseases such as Type 2 diabetes. Industry spnsred studies reprting"favurable"assciatins between diet drinks and weight lss may be biased, it claims.
There have been cncerns that diet drinks, knwn as artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs), might lead peple t cnsume mre calries by(42) ________sweet flavur taste buds. The new study fund that evidence (43) _________the healthiness f ASBs was incnclusive with randmized cntrlled trials (RCTs) prducing mixed results. Senr investigatr Prfessr Christpher Millett said: "A cmmn perceptin, which may be influenced by industry marketing, is that because ‘diet’ drinks have n sugar, they must be healthier and aid weight lss when used as a(n)(44)fr full sugar versins Hwever, we fund n slid evidence t supprt this
The researchers pinted ut that research supprted by fd r beverage cmpanies was mre likely t find n evidence f links between sugary drink (45) _________ and besity than nn-industry spnsred research. Similarly, ASB industry-spnsred research was "mre likely t reprt favurable results and (46) ________ regarding ASB effects n weight cntrl”
In many cases. researchers had failed t disclse (47) __________f interest relating t links with the fd industry. it was claimed. Cauthr Dr Marin Carlina Brges said: “The lack f slid evidence n the health effects f ASBs and the ptential influence f bias frm industry funded studies shuld be taken seriusly when discussing whether ASBs are (48) __________ alternatives t SSBs ( sugar-sweetened beverages)."
Leading British nutritinist Prfessr Susan Jebb said despite the mixed evidence, there was n reasn t believe that replacing sugary drinks with artificially sweetened (49)________ did any harm She said , “Fr peple seeking t manage their weight , tap water is (50)__________the best drink t chse , fr health and the envirnment , but far many peple wh are used t drinking sugary drinks, this will be l hard a change t (51)_________. Artificially sweetened drinks are a step in the ( 52 )__________ directin t cut calries." Dietitian Prfessr Tm Sanders, was als critical f the research, calling it “an pinin piece rather than a ( n )(53)___________review f the evidence”. He ( 54)____________ “The cnclusin that reduced sugar r sugar-free drinks shuld nt be prmted r seen as part f a healthy diet seems unwarranted and likely t add t public (55 )_____________.”
A. relieve B. ppse C. prevent D. bther
A. inserting B. stimulating C.enhancing D.securing
A. resulting frmB. referring t C.depending nD. relating t
A. SubstituteB.prpsalC.suspectD.implicatin
A. EfficiencyB.cnsumptinC.distributinD.mdernizatin
A. appintmentsB.instructinsC.perfrmancesD.cnclusins
47. A. threatsB. matters C. cnflictsD.appeals
48. A. adequateB.essentialC.availableD. deliberate
49. A initiativesB.alternatives C.bjectivesD.representatives
50. A. withut questinB. beynd descriptin
C. arund the crnerD. in cnsequence
51. A. settleB. rute C. mendD. make
A. wrngB. rightC. prperD. ppsite
53. A. demcraticB. autmaticC. systematicD. dramatic
54. A. transferredB. ranged C. accessedD. added
55. A. fascinatinB. ambitinC.cnfusinD. Islatin
【答案】41-55 CBDAB DCABA DBCDC
【詳解】
41 C [解析]根據(jù)前文 “Artificially sweetened diet drinks make n difference t weight gain and shuld nt be seen as healthier than their sugar-laden cunterparts accrding t a team f expents. (一組專家稱，人工加糖的無糖飲料對(duì)增重沒有影，世不應(yīng)現(xiàn)為比合飲料更健康。)”，再分析選項(xiàng)可知此處說的是無糖再五法報(bào)助規(guī)防一些疾。句意為”一項(xiàng)對(duì)研究證據(jù)的綜述得出結(jié)論，沒有任何上歌支按通行款收的無鵬版本有助于預(yù)防(prevent) 肥胖和2型糖尿病等相關(guān)藥醒的說社，故選C.relieve v.解除，減輕，緩和: ppse v.反對(duì)(計(jì)劃、政通)抵: prevent v.防止: 剛止;照碼: bther v.打擾:花費(fèi)時(shí)間精力(做某事）。
42.B[解析]結(jié)合前面的“might lead peple t cnsume mre calries(導(dǎo)致人們攝入更多的卡路里)”，分析選項(xiàng)可知，這是甜味味蕾被刺激后的結(jié)果，此處句意為“有人擔(dān)心，被稱為人工加糖飲料(ASBs)的無糖飲料可能會(huì)刺激 (stimulating )人們的甜味味蕾，導(dǎo)致人們攝入更多的卡路里”，故選 B。inserting v.插入;入;stimulating v.促進(jìn);激發(fā)，刺激;enhancing v，提高;增強(qiáng);增進(jìn);securing v獲得，取得，實(shí)現(xiàn)。
43.D[解析]結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，此處用“與 ASBs 健康相關(guān)的”更符合語境及邏輯，此處句意為“新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與 ASBs 健康相關(guān)的(relating t) 證據(jù)是不確定的，隨機(jī)對(duì)照試驗(yàn)(rct)產(chǎn)生了混合的結(jié)果”，故選 D。resulting frm 由于;referring t提及;參閱; depending n 依據(jù)，根據(jù);relating t 關(guān)于;涉及。
44.A[解析]分析選項(xiàng)，根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，為了減肥，人們會(huì)將無糖飲料作為全粗飲料的替代品，此處句意為“人們普遍認(rèn)為，由于“無糖飲料不含糖，所以作為全糖飲料的替代品(substitute)，它們肯定更健康，有助于減肥，這可能是受行業(yè)營銷的影響”，故選A。substitute n.代用品，代替者;代替者;prpsal n.提議建議;求婚;suspect n.犯罪嫌疑人;嫌疑犯;implicatin n.可能的影響(或作用、結(jié)果);含意;暗指。
45.B[解析]前面提到為了減肥，人們會(huì)將無糖飲料作為全糖飲料的替代品，分析選項(xiàng)可知，此處只有“含糖飲料的消費(fèi)與肥胖”更符合邏輯及語境。句意為“研究人員指出，與非行業(yè)贊助的研究相比，食品或飲料公司支持的研究更有可能找不到含糖飲料消費(fèi)(cnsumptin)與肥胖之間聯(lián)系的證據(jù)”，故選 B。efficiency n效率;效能;cnsumptin n.消耗，消耗量;費(fèi):distributin n.分配:分布;分發(fā);mdernizatin n.現(xiàn)代化;維新:現(xiàn)代化之事物。
46.D[解析]該詞與“results (結(jié)果)”并列，所以它們的意思應(yīng)該是相近的，分析選項(xiàng)可知此處應(yīng)選“cnclusins”。句意為“同樣，ASB 行業(yè)費(fèi)助的研究“更有可能報(bào)告關(guān)于 ASB 對(duì)體重控制效果的有利結(jié)果和結(jié)論 (cnclusins)“故選 D。appintments n.約會(huì);預(yù)約:約定;instructins n.說明書;指示;命令;perfrmance:n.表演;演出:cnclusins n. 結(jié)論:推論:結(jié)束。
47.C[解析]分析選項(xiàng)，此處用“利益沖突”更符合語境及邏輯，句意為“報(bào)告稱，在許多情況下，研究人員未能披露與食品行業(yè)相關(guān)的利益沖突(cnflicts)”，故選C。threats n.威脅;恐嚇;兇兆: matters n.課題: 事情; 問題:事態(tài);cnflicts n.爭執(zhí):爭論:(軍事)沖突:戰(zhàn)斗; appeals n. 上訴;申訴;吸引力。
48.A[解析]根據(jù)前面的“The lack f slid evidence n the health effects f ASBs and the ptential influence f bias frm industry funded studies shuld be taken seriusly(應(yīng)該認(rèn)真對(duì)待 ASB 對(duì)健康影響的確鑿證據(jù)以及行業(yè)資助研究的潛在偏見影響)”，再分析選項(xiàng)可知這是在討論 ASB 是否是含糖飲料的合格替代品時(shí)應(yīng)該考慮的問題。句意為“在討論 ASB 是否是含糖飲料的合格 (adequate) 替代品時(shí)，應(yīng)該認(rèn)真對(duì)待 ASB 對(duì)健康影響的確鑿證據(jù)以及行業(yè)資助研究的潛在偏見影響”，故選A。adequate ad;.充足的;足夠的;合格的;essential adj.本質(zhì)的;必不可少的: available adj.可獲得的;可購得的;deliberate adj. 故意的;蓄意的;存心的。
49.B[解析]結(jié)合前文及語境可推知此處句意為“英國著名營養(yǎng)學(xué)家蘇珊·杰布教授說，盡管證據(jù)好壞參半，但沒有理由相信用人工加糖的替代品 (alternatives)取代含糖飲料會(huì)有任何傷害”，故選 B。initiatives n.倡議;新方案:主動(dòng)性:alternatives n.普代品;可供選擇的事物: bjectives n.目標(biāo);目的: representatives n.代表;銷售代表。
50.A[解析]自來水就是最好的飲料。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知作者在此處想要表達(dá)的是“對(duì)下那些想控制體重的人來說，從健康和環(huán)境的角度來說，自來水無疑 (withut questin)尼最好的飲料選擇”，故選 A。withut questin 毫無疑間(表示強(qiáng)調(diào)自巴的觀點(diǎn);毫無疑問地;毫無異議地;beynd descriptin 難以形容，無法形容:arund the cmer 在拐角處:即將發(fā)生，在附近: in cnsequence 結(jié)果;因此。
51.D[解析]分析選項(xiàng)，“make a change (做出改變)”符合及語境，此處句為“但對(duì)于許多習(xí)慣喝含糖飲料的人來說，這將是一個(gè)太難的改變”，故選 D。settle v.解(分歧、糾紛等): 定居，結(jié)來: rute v.按某路線發(fā)送: mend v.修現(xiàn)，修補(bǔ):縫補(bǔ);make v.制作，制造，組裝。
52.B[解析] 結(jié)合語境及選項(xiàng)可推知此處句意為“人工加糖飲料是朝著減少卡路但的正確(right)方向邊出的一步”，故選 B。 wrng adj.錯(cuò)誤的，不對(duì)的 right adj.正確的;真正的，真實(shí)的: prper adj.適當(dāng)?shù)?，正確的:恰當(dāng)?shù)? ppsite adj.對(duì)面的;另一邊的;相反的。
53.C[解析]根據(jù)前面的“was als critical f the research”可知這個(gè)營養(yǎng)學(xué)家是對(duì)這項(xiàng)研究提出了批評(píng)的。分析選項(xiàng)可知此處句意為“營養(yǎng)學(xué)家湯姆·桑德斯教授也對(duì)這項(xiàng)研究提出了批評(píng),稱其為·一篇觀點(diǎn)文章,而不是對(duì)證據(jù)的系統(tǒng)(systematic)回顧”，故選C。 demcratic adj.民主的;民主政體的;民主制度的;autmatic adj.自動(dòng)的;無意識(shí)的;不假思索的;systematic adj.成體系的;系統(tǒng)的;有條理的;dramatic adj.戲劇性的;引人注目的;戲劇的。
54.D[解析]這里還是該教授的觀點(diǎn)，所以該空為“補(bǔ)充道”。此處句意為“他補(bǔ)充道(added)”，故選 D。transferred v.(使)轉(zhuǎn)移，搬遷;(使)調(diào)動(dòng);轉(zhuǎn)職;ranged v.(在一定的范圍內(nèi))變化，變動(dòng);accessed v.訪問，存取(計(jì)算機(jī)文件); 到達(dá):進(jìn)入;使用;added v.增加;加添;補(bǔ)充
55.C[解析]根據(jù)前面的“The cnclusin that reduced sugar r sugar-free drinks shuld nt be prmted r seen as part f a healthy diet seems unwarranted (減小糖或無糖飲料不應(yīng)該被推廣或視為健康飲食的一部分的結(jié)論似乎沒有根據(jù))”，這會(huì)導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果是“很可能會(huì)增加公眾的困惑 (cnfusin)”。故選 C。fascinatin n.魅力;極大的吸引力;入迷;ambitin n.追求的目標(biāo):夙愿;野心;cnfusin n.混亂;混淆;困惑;islatin n.隔離，分離;孤立，孤獨(dú)。
2021年6月高考真題
Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext
Peple believe that having pets is verall a gd thing fr children. But des this belief hld up t (41) __________? The new field f human-animal interactin aims t find ut.
Ten years ag, when psychlgist Jan Smith reviewed the literature n child-animal relatinships, she reprted that interacting with animals led yung children t better understand bilgy than pet-less children. Kindergartners wh had cared fr gldfish were mre(42) _________ when respnding t questins like "des a gldfish have a heart?" They als mre easily(43) __________bilgical infrmatin frm ne species t anther, inferring that baby frgs get bigger just like gldfish d. She als reprts that thse kids wh turned t their pets fr emtinal supprt were less (44)__________ than these wh didn't.
The past ten years have seen sme advances, but literature n the tpic is still rather (45) _______. A recent paper by researcher Meg Brwn at Lakeside University (46)________ sme imprtant infrmatin t the discussin.
She turned t a data-set that includes infrmatin frm 7, 000 kids, ranging in (47) _________ frm thirteen t nineteen years. Fr the study, bth pet wning and ther types f (48) _______ activities, like hrseback riding, were cnsidered as human-animal interactin experience.
She fund that adlescents with animal experience were mre likely t see themselves as imprtant(49)__________ t their cmmunities, such as ding cmmunity service. She als fund that the higher the level f(50)________between a teenager and animals, the higher they scred n measurements f emtinal cnnectedness in general. While causality(因果關(guān)系)cannt be determined, Brwn says that it is at least(51)_________ that children and adlescents can learn abut healthy scial relatinships frm their experiences f interacting with animals.“If a cnnectin exists between the skills required fr these relatinships,then it might be useful t make use f animal relatinships as a way t (52)_______ the develpment f scial skills," she says.
Brwn is aware f the limitatins f her study. It can't reach any cnclusins abut the causal rle f animals in kids’ lives, and it's limited t (53) __________ natinwide. Besides, the study was nt designed t (54)_________ any ptential negative effects f human-animal interactin experiences.Sme ther studies, fr example, have shwn that pet wners have higher levels f (55)_______ , like depressin, than nn-pet wners.
41. A. cmmn sense B. scientific evidence
C. universal assumptins D. natural tendencies
42.A. enthusiastic B. curius C.accurateD. serius
43. A. transferredB. cllectedC. judgedD. spread
44.A. cautiusB. vigrus C. ambitiusD.anxius
45.A. limitedB. reliableC. varied D.fascinating
46. A. wesB.addsC. restrictsD.adapts
B.age C. height D.perfrmance
48. A. animal-watching B. animal-led
C. animal-friendly D. animal-related
49. A.dnatrs B.delegates C.cntributrs D. witnesses
50. A. difference B. islatin C.attachment D.disapprval
51. A. pssible B.questinable C. misleading D. uncertain
B. stress C. invlve D. prmte
B.researchers C. pet-less children D.pet wners
54. A. d away with B. thrw light n C. take advantage f D. make up fr
55. A. needs B. tests C.explanatins D.disrders
【答案】
41-55 BCADA.BBDCC，ADABD
【解析】
41.B[解析]此處是一個(gè)問句，且表轉(zhuǎn)折，結(jié)合前面的“人們認(rèn)為，總的來說養(yǎng)寵物對(duì)孩子是件好事”,分析選項(xiàng)可知此處句意為“但是這種觀點(diǎn)是否有科學(xué)依據(jù)呢(scientific evidence)?”其余選項(xiàng)與文意不符，故選 B。cmmn sense 常識(shí)scientific evidence 科學(xué)證據(jù); universal assumptins 普遍假設(shè); natural tendencies自然傾向。
42.C [解析]根據(jù)“she reprted that interacting with animals led yung children t better understand bilgy than pet-less children.”可知養(yǎng)過寵物的小朋友會(huì)對(duì)生物學(xué)更了解,分析選項(xiàng)可知此處想要表示的是“在回答“金魚有心嗎?”這樣的問題時(shí)養(yǎng)過金魚的幼兒園小朋友的回答更準(zhǔn)確(accurate )”，故選 C。enthusiastic ad熱情的;熱心的;curius adj.好奇的;求知欲強(qiáng)的;accurate adj.精確的:正確無誤的;serius adj.不好的:嚴(yán)重的;有危險(xiǎn)的。
43.A[解析]此處講的是兒童如何運(yùn)用自己所了解到的生物學(xué)知識(shí)，結(jié)合語境分析選項(xiàng)可知此處句意為“它們也更容易將生物信息從一個(gè)物種轉(zhuǎn)移(transferred )到另一個(gè)物種，由此推斷青蛙寶寶會(huì)像金魚一樣變大”，故選A。transferred v.(使)轉(zhuǎn)移，搬遷: cllected v. 收集;采集;收:judged v. 判斷:斷定，認(rèn)為;spread v.傳播:展開;打開。
44.D[解析]該段閘述的是養(yǎng)寵物的兒童相較于不養(yǎng)寵物的兒童會(huì)獲益更多。分析選項(xiàng)可知此處句意為“她還報(bào)告說，那些向?qū)櫸飳で笄楦兄С值暮⒆颖饶切]有向?qū)櫸飳で笄楦兄С值暮⒆痈唤箲] (anxius )”，故選 D。cautius adj.心的;謹(jǐn)慎的: vigrus adj，充滿活力的:果斷的:ambitius adj.雄心勃勃的有野心的:anxius adj，焦慮的:憂慮。
45.A [解析] 此處表轉(zhuǎn)折，結(jié)合前面的“過去十年取得了一些進(jìn)展”，分析選項(xiàng)知此處句意為“過去十年取得了一些進(jìn)展，但關(guān)于這一主題的文獻(xiàn)仍相當(dāng)有限(limited )”，故選 A。 limited adj,有限的，受(...的)限制: reliable adj. 可信的，可依靠的;varied adj.多種多樣的;不同的;fascinating adj.極有吸引力的:迷人的。
46.B[解析]下一段分析了 Meg Brwn 收集的數(shù)據(jù)，由此可推知她為這一討論添加了一些重要信息。此處句意為“湖濱大學(xué)(Lakeside University)研究員梅格·布朗(Meg Brwn)最近的一篇論文為這一討論添加了 (adds )一些重要信息”。故選B。wes v.欠(情);歸功于;adds v. 添加;加;增加;restricts v.(以法規(guī))限制;限定;adapts v.適應(yīng)(新情況); 改編。
47.B[解析]結(jié)合選項(xiàng)以及“frm thirteen t nineteen years”可知這里說的是歲數(shù)句意為“她求助于一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)集，其中包括 7000 個(gè)孩子的信息，年齡 (age )從 13歲到19 歲不等”。故選 B。status n.地位;狀態(tài);身份;age n.年齡;年齡段:height n.(人或物的)身高;度;perfrmance n.表演，演出。
48.D[解析]結(jié)合后面的例子“l(fā)ike hrseback riding(如騎馬)”可以推知這里說的是與動(dòng)物相關(guān)的活動(dòng)。此處句意為“在這項(xiàng)研究中，養(yǎng)寵物和其他與動(dòng)物相關(guān)的(animal-related )活動(dòng)，如騎馬，都被視為人與動(dòng)物的互動(dòng)體驗(yàn)”，其余選項(xiàng)與文意不符，故選 D。animal-watching 觀察動(dòng)物:animal-led 動(dòng)物主導(dǎo)型;animal-friendly動(dòng)物友喟菲安扁笆范桐磨貶論翱碑哺疤棒弛小刁 animal-related 與動(dòng)物有關(guān)的。
49.C[解析]根據(jù)后面的“such as ding cmmunity service (比如做社區(qū)服務(wù))”分析選項(xiàng)可知此處句意為“她發(fā)現(xiàn)，有動(dòng)物經(jīng)歷的青少年更有可能將自己視為社區(qū)的重要貢獻(xiàn)者 (cntributrs )，比如做社區(qū)服務(wù)”，故選 C。dnatrs n.捐贈(zèng)者;delegates n.代表;會(huì)議代表;cntributrs n.捐款者:捐贈(zèng)者;witnesses n.目擊者;見證人。
50.C[解析]根據(jù)后面的“the higher they scred n measurements f emtinal cnnectedness in general. (他們?cè)诳傮w情感聯(lián)系測量中的得分就越高)”，分析選項(xiàng)，可以反推此處句意為“她還發(fā)現(xiàn)，青少年與動(dòng)物之間的依戀(attachment )程度越高”,其余選項(xiàng)不符合文意，故選 C。difference n.差別:差異;不同;inslatin n，隔離，分離;attachment n.依戀:愛慕:信念;disapprval n.不贊成:反對(duì)SLA[解析]此處的 While引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，根據(jù)前面的“While causality cannt be determined，(雖然無法確定因果關(guān)系)“以及“at least (至少)”可以得知此處句意為“但布朗說，兒童和青少年至少有可能(pssible ) 從與動(dòng)物互動(dòng)的經(jīng)歷中了解到健康的社會(huì)關(guān)系”，故選A。 pssible adj.可能的:可能;能做到questinable adj.可疑的:有問題的;misleading adj.誤導(dǎo)的;引入歧途的;uncertain adj.無把握:猶豫:拿不準(zhǔn);多變的。
52.D[解析]該段講的是兒童與動(dòng)物的關(guān)系的益處，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)及語境可推知此處句意為“如果這些關(guān)系所需的技能之間存在聯(lián)系，那么利用動(dòng)物關(guān)系作為促進(jìn)(prmte )社交技能發(fā)展的一種方式可能是有用的”，故選 D。blck v.阻礙堵塞;阻塞;stress v.強(qiáng)調(diào);著重;重讀:invlve v.涉及;包含;牽涉;prmte v.促進(jìn);推動(dòng);促銷。
53.A[解析]前面的段落已經(jīng)提到過 Meg Brwn 分析的對(duì)象為兒童和背少年結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可推知此處句意為“它無法得出任何關(guān)于動(dòng)物在孩子生活中的因果作用的結(jié)論，而且它僅限于全國的青少年 (teenagers )”，其余選項(xiàng)不符合文意，故選A。teenagers n.青少年，青少年男女;researchers n.研究員;科研工作者; pet-less children n.無寵物兒童;pet wners n.寵物主人。
54.B[解析]根據(jù)后面的內(nèi)容“例如，其他一些研究表明，養(yǎng)寵物的人比不養(yǎng)寵物的人有更高的(55)，比如抑郁癥”，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)分析可知此處句意為“此外這項(xiàng)研究并不是為了闡明 thrw light n) 人與動(dòng)物互動(dòng)體驗(yàn)的任何潛在負(fù)面能響”，故選 B。d away with 廢除，去掉;弄死:thrw light n 使(某小)顯得非常清楚;take advantage f利用;占的便宜:make up fr 彌補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)償。
55.D[解析]“depressin (抑郁癥)”屬于疾病，分析選項(xiàng)可知此處句意為“例如其他一些研究表明，養(yǎng)寵物的人比不養(yǎng)寵物的人患抑郁癥等疾病 (disrders )的程度更高”，故選 D。needs n.需要;必須: tests n.測驗(yàn):考查;explanatins n.解釋;說明;闡述;disrders n.疾病;雜亂:混亂;凌亂。
2021年1月高考真題
Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext
完型填空來源
2017年1月《洛杉磯時(shí)報(bào)（LATimes）》，講述電動(dòng)車作為l綠色通勤方式
The misery f my bike cmmute in Calgary, Alberta,is the river valley hill. It's nt particularly steep,but at abut a mile lng,I rarely climbed up withut arriving with sweat. Studies have shwn the prspect f arriving at wrk sweaty is ne f the biggest (41)______ t getting wuld-be bike cmmuters ut f their cars. That's especially true in a city like Ls Angeles,where(42)__ may face lng rutes , hills r ht streets with a lack f shade.
"Pedelec",r pedal electric-assisted bikes like the ne I rde,can end that wrry. They lk and act like traditinal bicycles,but their mtrs make pedaling much easier when required. Smetimes called the mst energy-efficient mtrized mde f transprtatin ever built, they're als incredibly green. The biggest barrier may be the utdated attitude that sees bikes nly as a recreatinal athletic pprtunity rather than a practical (43)____ ptin.
At a time when cities acrss Nrth America are struggling t cmbat crippling traffic and reduce climate emissins,e-bikes have the(44) ______ t ease the bth prblems. And yet ridership has yet t truly(45)____.Abut 152,000 e-bikes were sld last year in the U.S.,a figure that wuld be mre than 5 millin if Americans used them at the same rate as western Eurpeans.
Many f the barriers t e-bike (46) ______in Nrth America are legislative. Patchwrk rules treat e-bikes mre like mpeds than traditinal pedal bikes in sme jurisdictins,meaning they are(47)_frm bike lanes and frm barding public transprtatin.
Few places n the cntinent,(48) ______, are better pised t break thrugh barriers than Califrnia. Legislatin was apprved last year t encurage e-bike use,by legally differentiating the cycles frm mpeds. In an attempt t head ff wrries abut turbcharged machines flying dwn sidewalks and bike lanes at unsafe speeds,the law classifies bikes int different tiers t (49)___ lwer-speed e-bikes,which tp ut at 20 mph,frm faster-mving"speed pedelecs",which are restricted frm prtected bike paths.
Amid these legislative (50)____, e-bikes have becme mre accessible t cnsumer. Finding them in bike shps isn't as(51)____ as it nce was,and their cst has fallen as the price f lithium-in batteries has drpped.Tday,a decent e-bike,while still (52)___, is cmparable in price t a high-end muntain bike. After years f (53)________ver mixing pedal and mtr pwer, cycling advcacy rganizatins als are finally thrwing their supprt behind e-bikes. Dave Snyder, the executive directr f the Califrnia Bicycle Calitin, (54)_______ the state's new legislatin based partly n the(55)_______that e-bikes help ut thse wh"just can't ride as far r as fast as they need t".
B.prcesses C.barriers D.cmplements
42. A.ridersB.builders C.custmersD.vlunteers
B. cmmunicatin C.facilities D.transprtatin
B.ptential C.temprary D.majr
44.A. make f B.carry n C.bring up D.take ff
B.adptin C.adjustment D.justificatin
B.alerted C.banned D.authrized
B.unless C.meanwhile D.anyway
B.cmbine C.separate D.satisfy
B.benefits C.limits D.damages
B.critical C.sensatinal D.difficult
B.distinctive C.sensitive D.intensive
B.cncern C.pwer D.scale
B.flded C.referred D.gifted
B.address C.amunt D.advcate
【答案】
41-45. CADBD BCACB DABAD
試題分析
41. C【解析】根據(jù)上文所提及的有關(guān)河谷山的描述The misery f my bike cmmute in Calgary, Alberta, is the river valley hill以及作者對(duì)自己相關(guān)情況的描述I rarely climbed up withut arriving with sweat可知，此處句意為“研究表明，上班時(shí)滿身大汗是讓騎自行車的上班族下車的最大障礙（barriers ）之一”，故選C。advantages n. 有利條件；prcesses n. 過程；barriers n. 障礙；屏障；cmplements n. 補(bǔ)足物；補(bǔ)語。
42.A【解析】結(jié)合文章第一句提及的The misery f my bike cmmute in Calgary, Alberta, is the river valley hill騎自行車上下班可知，此處句意為“那里的車手（riders）可能會(huì)面臨長途跋涉” ，故選A。riders n. 騎（馬、自行車等）的人；builders n. 建設(shè)者；建筑工人；custmers n. [商業(yè)]客戶；vlunteers志愿者。
43.D【解析】根據(jù)上文提及的作者騎自行車上下班，又結(jié)合此處介紹一款新的電動(dòng)自行車，可推知此處句意為“最大的障礙可能是過時(shí)的態(tài)度，認(rèn)為自行車只是一種娛樂運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)會(huì)，而不是一種實(shí)用的交通（transprtatin）選擇”，故選D。prductin n. 生產(chǎn)；產(chǎn)量；cmmunicatin n. 表達(dá)，交際；facilities n. 工具；設(shè)備；transprtatin n. 運(yùn)輸；交通工具，運(yùn)輸工具。
44.B【解析】結(jié)合上文中提及的電動(dòng)自行車，以及此處提及的At a time when cities acrss Nrth America are struggling t cmbat crippling traffic and reduce climate emissins，可推知此處應(yīng)該是說“電動(dòng)自行車有緩解相關(guān)問題的潛在（ptential）可能性”，故選B。rutine adj. 常規(guī)的；日常的；ptential adj. 潛在的；temprary adj. 短暫的；majr adj. 重要的；嚴(yán)重的。
45.D【解析】結(jié)合下文中提及的相關(guān)電動(dòng)自行車車的銷售數(shù)量和對(duì)比，可推知此處表達(dá)的是乘客數(shù)量還不夠多，相比較之下，take ff更適合句意，故選D。make f 用…做成；理解；明白；carry n 繼續(xù)做，堅(jiān)持干；bring up 養(yǎng)育，撫養(yǎng)；take ff脫掉；起飛；突然成功。
46.B【解析】結(jié)合上文的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，以及下文提及關(guān)于電動(dòng)車使用的相關(guān)規(guī)定的可知此處應(yīng)該是關(guān)于電動(dòng)車的使用規(guī)范，故B項(xiàng)比較合適。adaptatin n. 改編版；適應(yīng)；adptin n. 收養(yǎng)，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)；adjustment n. 調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；justificatin n. 辯解；無過失。
47.C【解析】結(jié)合上文提及的 Patchwrk rules treat e-bikes mre like mpeds than traditinal pedal bikes in sme jurisdictins可知，此處句意為“這意味著它們被禁止（banned）在自行車道上行駛和乘坐公共交通工具”，故選C。prved v. 證明；alerted v. 向…報(bào)警；使警覺，使戒備；banned v. 禁止；取締；authrized v. 授權(quán)，批準(zhǔn)，委托。
48.A【解析】結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容，以及此處句意非洲大陸上幾乎沒有什么地方比加利福尼亞州更能沖破這些障礙，可推知此處需要填入一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞，排除C和D項(xiàng)，而相比之下，A項(xiàng)更符合句意。hwever adv. 然而；不管怎樣；cnj.不管怎樣；unless cnj.除非；如果不；meanwhile adv. 同時(shí)；在此期間；與之相比；anyway adv. 無論如何；不管怎樣。
49.C【解析】根據(jù)該段中the law classifies bikes int different tiers可知，此處句意為，該法律將自行車分為不同的等級(jí)，以區(qū)分（separate）速度較低的電動(dòng)自行車（最高時(shí)速為20英里）和速度較快的“速度行人專用道”，故選C。riginate vi. 起源于，來自；vt. 引起；創(chuàng)始，創(chuàng)作；cmbine vt. 引起；創(chuàng)始，創(chuàng)作；separate v. （使）分開，分離；satisfy v. （使）滿意。
50.B【解析】結(jié)合下文 e-bikes have becme mre accessible t cnsumer可知，消費(fèi)者們開始接受電動(dòng)自行車來，故推知此處句意為“在這些立法上的好處（benefits）中，電動(dòng)自行車已經(jīng)變得更容易為消費(fèi)者所接受”，故選B。factrs n. 因素；benefits n. 津貼費(fèi)；利益；limits n.界限；限度；限額；damages n. 損失。
51.D【解析】結(jié)合上文中e-bikes have becme mre accessible t cnsumer.可推知此處句意為“在自行車店找到它們不像以前那么困難（difficult）了”，故選D。prper adj. 適宜的；正確的；critical adj. 關(guān)鍵的；嚴(yán)重的；sensatinal adj. 轟動(dòng)的；聳人聽聞的；difficult adj. 困難的；問題多的，麻煩的。
52.A【解析】結(jié)合文章中的相關(guān)表述可知，此處與電動(dòng)自行車的價(jià)格有關(guān)，故此處選A項(xiàng)更合適。expensive adj. 昂貴的；distinctive adj. 獨(dú)特的；特別的；sensitive adj. 體貼的；敏感的；intensive adj. 加強(qiáng)的，強(qiáng)烈的。
53.B【解析】結(jié)合下文中cycling advcacy rganizatins als are finally thrwing their supprt behind e-bikes提及最終的結(jié)果，可推知此處句意為“經(jīng)過多年對(duì)混合踏板和電機(jī)動(dòng)力的關(guān)注（cncern）”，故選B。truble n. 問題，麻煩，困難；cncern n. 擔(dān)心；關(guān)心；令人擔(dān)心的事；pwer n. 權(quán)力；能力；scale n. 規(guī)模，等級(jí)。
54.A【解析】結(jié)合上文提及的cycling advcacy rganizatins als are finally thrwing their supprt ，可知此處加州自行車聯(lián)盟的執(zhí)行董事戴夫·斯奈德對(duì)新立法的態(tài)度是支持的，故選A。favred adj. 受到優(yōu)待的；有天賦的；flded adj. 折疊的；referred v. 提到；針對(duì)；關(guān)系到；請(qǐng)教gifted adj. 有天賦的。
55.D【解析】根據(jù)文章可知，此處講述的是戴夫·斯奈德支持立法的原因，結(jié)合他的職位可知，此處句意為“部分原因是他主張（advcate）電動(dòng)自行車可以幫助那些“不能騎到需要的距離或速度”的人”，故選D。appeal v. 呼吁，懇請(qǐng)；上訴，申訴；address v. 寫（收信人）姓名地址；解決，處理；amunt v. 共計(jì)；advcate vt. 擁護(hù)；主張。
2020年6月高考真題
Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext
Fitness experts weigh in n whether it’s safe t skip this smetimes annying step in yur exercise rutine.
One f the mst imprtant steps in yur fitness rutine cmes at the cnclusin. Many knw the imprtance f prperly warming up and preparing t exercise, but experts say that incrprating a cl dwn rutine is just as imprtant. Accrding t the May Clinic, cling dwn allws fr yur bdy t recver and return t its nrmal, (41) ________ state.
Thugh cling dwn isn’t prven t (42) ________ muscle stiffness r sreness, it can prevent dizziness and allw yur heart rate and breathing t ease back t a nrmal rate, Harvard Medical Schl reprts. Phyllis Mammarelli, persnal trainer at the Shenang Valley YMCA in Sharn, Pennsylvania, wrks with each f her clients n a cl dwn rutine as she says it’s a(n) (43) ________ part f exercising.
“Cling dwn allws yur bdy t gradually return t a lw-intensity activity level, slwly reducing yur respiratry and heart rate until it’s equalized and back t nrmal” she says.
(44) ________ the recvery phase f a wrkut isn’t prven t be harmful t yur bdy, but Mammarelli warns that withut cling dwn, the bdy will take lnger t return back t the lw-intensity level activity level yu began yur wrkut with.
There are als nn-threatening side effects that culd ccur as a result f frging a cl dwn. Mammarelli warns that bld can gather r pl in yur lwer extremities and lead t dizziness and (45) ________. Additinally, ACE says t keep an eye n yur (46) ________ sreness and stiffness. While sreness after a wrkut is t be expected, (47) ________ nset muscle sreness can ccur 24 - 28 hurs after yur wrkut and cause “uncmfrtable debilitating pain”. Side effects are mstly seen in the elderly r thse with cardivascular disease and can be (48) ________ by warming up and cling dwn. Here are sme ther signs that yu might be wrking ut t much.
Allw five t 10 minutes at the (49) ________ f yur wrkut fr a cl-dwn rutine. During this perid, cntinue yur wrkut sessin, but at a much reduced rate. If yu’re (50) ________ fr time during yur wrkuts r unsure hw t allw yur bdy t recver, Mammarelli suggests stretching muscles in a pain-free range f (51) ________. Here’s an easy stretch (52) ________ t try.
Tacking n a few (53) ________ minutes t yur wrkut fr cling dwn may seem like a(n) (54) ________, but the benefits utweigh the cst f finding extra time in yur (55) ________. If yu need inspiratin fr scheduling the time t wrkut and cl dwn lk t these wmen wh wrk ut every day.
41. A. presentatinB. preservatinC. prejudiceD. pre-exercise
42. A. bstB. reduceC. resistD. experience
43. A. beneficialB. preferableC. cmfrtableD. adaptable
44. A. SuspectingB. StrikingC. SecuringD. Skipping
45. A. featuringB. faintingC. freezingD. frustrating
46. A. pwerB. strengthC. muscleD. energy
47. A. delayedB. cntrlledC. neglectedD. charged
48. A. respectedB. launchedC. maintainedD. eased
49. A. intensinB. cnclusinC. principleD. predictin
50. A. pressedB. assessedC. prcessedD. bsessed
51. A. cnversatinB. cmpsitinC. mtinD. hesitatin
52. A. regulatinB. rutineC. guidanceD. mtivatin
53. A. criticalB. dramaticC. ambitiusD. additinal
54. A. incnvenienceB. innutritin C. initiativeD. injustice
55. A. amuntB. treasureC. scheduleD. struggle
【答案】41—55 DBADB CADBA CBDAC
【解析】
41.D[解析]考查形容詞，由本段可知，健身專家說，鍛煉開始前的熱身運(yùn)動(dòng)和鍛煉結(jié)束時(shí)的緩和運(yùn)動(dòng)一樣重要，“緩和運(yùn)動(dòng)能夠讓你的身體恢復(fù)并回到她正常的、鍛煉前的狀態(tài)”。Pre-exerise 假煉前的，pre-為前綴，“之前的”，故選D。A. presentatin n.介紹，展示: B.preservatin n.保存;C.prejudice n，偏
42.B[解析]考查動(dòng)詞，“盡管緩和運(yùn)動(dòng)沒有被證明可以減少肌肉僵硬 stiffness和疼痛(sreness)，但是它可以顧防頭暈 (dizziness) 并且使你的心跳和呼吸更容馬回到正常頻率”，reduce v 減少，降低:A,bst v.使增長;使興旺 C.resist v抵抗，抵制 D.experience y 經(jīng)歷。
43.A[解析]考查形容詞，結(jié)合 42，由第一句話可知，在講述緩和運(yùn)動(dòng)的好處斷以選擇 beneficial adj.有益的，有好處的，常用搭配:be beneficial t 對(duì)益B.preferable adj.受喜愛的，優(yōu)先的 C.cmfrtable adj.舒適的 D.adaptable adj.有適應(yīng)能力的;能適應(yīng)的。
44.D[解析]考在動(dòng)名詞形式，A.skip v. 跳躍，跳過，不參加，句意為:跳過川練的恢復(fù)階段并沒有證明對(duì)你的身體有害，專家提醒，沒有緩和運(yùn)動(dòng)，你的身本將花費(fèi)更長的時(shí)間回歸到低強(qiáng)度等級(jí)的活動(dòng)。由“withut cling dwn”可知，本段在講述，如果沒有緩和運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)我們身體造成的影響，所以選 D。
45.B[解析]考查動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞，本句話句意為;血液會(huì)在你的下肢聚集導(dǎo)致頭暈和昏厥。A.featuring 以...為特色:由.主演;以..為主要組成 feature 的現(xiàn)在分詞;B.minting 厥;faint 的現(xiàn)在分詞;C freezing 極冷的:冰凍的;冰點(diǎn)以下的; freeze 的現(xiàn)在分詞;D.frustrating 令人惱的;令人沮喪的;使懊喪。根據(jù)何意分析故選 B。
46C[解折]與42避相對(duì)應(yīng)，上文已經(jīng)提到了 muscle stiffness and sreness，故選C。句意為:監(jiān)督你的肌肉僵硬(stiffness)和終痛(sreness)。A pwer n.控制力，影響力;操力、政權(quán):能力 B.strength n. 體力;為氣;力量;D.energy 精力、活力。
47[析]考查過去分詞作形容詞,“延遲性肌肉酸痛能發(fā)生在你最煉眉的24-48小時(shí)”. 24-48 hurs afer yur wrkut 可知，選 A delayed adj, 延遲性的, delay
的過去分詞;B.cntrlled 成限制的，控制的，管制的,cntrl 的過去分司;neglected adj.被忽略的;被忽視的 neglect 的過去分詞; D.charged adj. 收費(fèi)的,帶電的，charge 的過去分詞
48.D[解析]考查動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，句意為“副作用多見于老年人或有心血管疚病的患者，可通過熱身運(yùn)動(dòng)與緩和運(yùn)動(dòng)來緩解疼痛”。A.respected 被尊敬，被道守;respec( 的過去分詞;B.launched 被發(fā)起，被發(fā)動(dòng); launch 的過去分詞;C.maintained 被維持，被保養(yǎng) maintain 的過去分詞;D.eased 被寬慰;被緩解跟disease 疾病搭配的動(dòng)詞，只有 D。
49.B[解析]考查名詞，由前文可知，緩和運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生在你鍛煉完后的 5-10 分鐘所以這里選 B.cnclusin n. 結(jié)論， at the cnclusin f...在的最后，近義詞為: in the end n. 增強(qiáng):加強(qiáng) 原則 D.predictin n預(yù)測。
50.A[解析]考查形容詞，r 前后句意是相同的，r 后的句意為:你不確定如何才能讓你的身體恢復(fù),關(guān)鍵詞 unsure 跟此處要填的是同義詞，所以選 A.pressed(時(shí)間、資金等)緊缺，緊張的，press 的過去分詞，常用搭配，be pressed fr sth 緊缺，缺少。此處句意為“如果你在鍛煉過程中時(shí)間不夠”
B.assessed 被評(píng)估，被估算，assess 的過去分詞:C.prcessed 被加工;被處理prcess 的過去分詞和過去式，D.bsessed 著迷的，困擾的,bsess 的過去分詞和過去式。
51.C[解析]考查名詞，“建議拉伸在無痛范圍內(nèi)拉伸肌肉的一系列運(yùn)動(dòng)”,suggest ding sth 建議做某事，a range f 一系列。故選 C。A.cnversatin 交談，談話B.cmpsitin 成分;構(gòu)成;C.mtin 運(yùn)動(dòng);移動(dòng);D.hesitatin 猶豫:疑慮:不情愿。
52.B[解析]考查名詞，句意為: 這里有一些簡單的伸展常規(guī)動(dòng)作可以嘗試故選 B。A.regulatin 章程; 規(guī)章制度; B.rutine 常規(guī);正常順序;一套動(dòng)作;C.guidance 指導(dǎo);引導(dǎo);D.mtivatin 動(dòng)機(jī);動(dòng)力。
53.D[解析]考查形容詞，由前文可知，緩和運(yùn)動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)是在運(yùn)動(dòng)結(jié)束后的 5-10分鐘，所以此處的句意應(yīng)該是“額外的幾分鐘”，故選 D。A.critical 批評(píng)的;關(guān)鍵的;B.dramatic 戲劇性的，C.ambitius 有野心的;D.additinal 附加的;額外的。
54.A[解析]考查名詞，結(jié)合 53 題可知，句意為:拿出額外的幾分鐘來做緩和運(yùn)動(dòng)看似 54.不便,但是這樣做對(duì)的好處大于另找時(shí)間在你的 。But 連接兩個(gè)語義對(duì)立的成分，所以54 肯定是貶義詞，結(jié)合句意可知選 A.incnvenience 不便麻煩;B.innutritin 營養(yǎng)缺乏,C.initiative 主動(dòng)性;積極性; D.injustice 不公正,不公平。
55C[解析]結(jié)合前文可知，“在你的時(shí)間表里另找時(shí)間”，故選C。A.amunt金額;數(shù)量 B.treasure 金銀財(cái)寶 C.schedule 時(shí)間表，工作計(jì)劃;日程安排;D.struggle 奮斗;努力;爭取。
2020年1月高考真題
Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext
“Clean eating” is a phrase thrwn arund a lt in the health-and-wellness scene. I use it all the time. I (41) _________ it because there’s n frmal definitin, and it’s nt a ne-size-fits-all plan. Let’s face it: There isn’t ne perfect plan that will wrk fr everyne, (42) _________ r behavirally. Our bdies wrk differently frm ne anther. Sme physilgically need mre fat, sme need mre carbs, and all need different mixes f vitamins and minerals.
Behavirally, there isn’t ne plan that fits everyne’s (43) _________, either. Sme f us (44) _________ daily, while sme f us can’t make tast. Fr sme, fd is ften ut f their cntrl, and they (45) _________ htels, airprts and restaurants, while thers raise, grw and ck their wn fd. We als have different (46) _________. Sme have had a health scare r are feeling lw-energy and sluggish, and are curius abut whether fd culd make them feel better; sme are cncerned abut the envirnment and eclgy, and the impact f hw fds are grwn and sld; sme have yet ther (47) _________.
These (48) _________ are imprtant, because yur versin f clean will depend n yur values and gals. Frcing yurself r smene else int an eating plan is (49) _________ a fundatin fr success. Instead, understanding why yu are ding what yu are ding will help yu make chices yu can stick with and make yu feel better abut hw yu eat.
When I think f eating clean, what cmes t mind is knwing exactly what I’m putting int my bdy and making mindful decisins that are (50) _________ my values. Yu have seen peple wh ask several questins befre rdering at a restaurant r making a chice at a grcery stre. While it can be entertaining (r frustrating) t watch, being curius abut what’s in yur fd is fair game and, I wuld argue, imprtant. We live in a wrld where we must ask questins because we can’t (51) _________ that we’re eating whle fds. I dn’t necessarily need t meet the farmer grwing my spuds, but when I eat mashed ptates, I want t be sure they are, well, actual (52) _________. I dn’t think that’s t much t ask.
The best first step tward clean eating is knwing what’s n yur (53) _________. Everything n it! We are trained t lk at calries and grams n fd labels, but I (54) _________ yu t lk at ingredients first. D yu understand what is in the fd yu are abut t eat? Are yu kay with eating thse ingredients? Nt all fd prducts are the same. Take a mment and cmpare prducts based t n ingredients, (55)_________ slely calries, t decide whether they’re what yu want.
41. A. changeB. favrC. chargeD. alter
42. A. accidentallyB. deliberatelyC. physilgicallyD. crucially
43. A. lifestyleB. handwrkC. willpwerD. incme
44. A. ckB. buyC. sellD. handle
45. A. center inB. g nC. catch inD. rely n
46. A. ambitinsB. cmplimentsC. mtivatinsD. prcedures
47. A. challengesB. cncernsC. benefitsD. damages
48. A. scalesB. declinesC. rangesD. distinctins
49. A. rarelyB. reallyC. mstlyD. largely
50. A. in search fB. in hnr fC. in line withD. with respect t
51. A. maintainB. denyC. guaranteeD. separate
52. A. ptatesB. tmatesC. heresD. zeres
53. A. deskB. plateC. ptD. handle
54. A. persuadeB. encurageC. prvideD. cnvince
55. A. apart frmB. mre thanC. less thanD. rather than
原文出處：
‘Clean eating’ is a fuzzy term — and that’s why it wrks
By Jae Berman
January 10, 2017
“Clean eating” is a phrase thrwn arund a lt in the health-and-wellness scene. I use it all the time. I like it because there’s n frmal definitin, and it’s nt a ne-size-?ts-all plan. Let’s face it: There isn’t ne perfect plan that will wrk fr everyne, physilgically r behavirally. Our bdies wrk differently frm ne anther. Sme physilgically need mre fat, sme need mre carbs, and all need different mixes f vitamins and minerals.
Behavirally, there isn’t ne plan that ?ts everyne’s lifestyle, either. Sme f us ck daily, while sme f us can’t make tast. Fr sme, fd is ften ut f their cntrl, and they rely n htels, airprts and restaurants, while thers raise, grw and ck their wn fd. We als have different mtivatins. Sme have had a health scare r are feeling lw-energy and sluggish, and are curius abut whether fd culd make them feel better; sme are cncerned abut the envirnment and eclgy, and the impact f hw fds are grwn and sld; sme have yet ther cncerns.
These distinctins are imprtant, because yur versin f clean will depend n yur values and gals. Frcing yurself r smene else int an eating plan is rarely a fundatin fr success. Instead, understanding why yu are ding what yu are ding will help yu make chices yu can stick with and make yu feel better abut hw yu eat.
When I think f eating clean, what cmes t mind is knwing exactly what I’m putting int my bdy and making mindful decisins that are in line with my values. Yu have seen peple wh ask several questins befre rdering at a restaurant r making a chice at a grcery stre. While it can be entertaining (r frustrating) t watch, being curius abut what’s in yur fd is fair game and, I wuld argue, imprtant. We live in a wrld where we must ask questins because we can’t guarantee that we’re eating whle fds. I dn’t necessarily need t meet the farmer grwing my spuds, but when I eat mashed ptates, I want t be sure they are, well, actual ptates. I dn’t think that’s t much t ask.
What is in yur fd?
The best first step tward clean eating is knwing what’s n yur plate. Everything n it! We are trained t lk at calries and grams n fd labels, but I encurage yu t lk at ingredients first. D yu understand what is in the fd yu are abut t eat? Are yu kay with eating thse ingredients? Nt all fd prducts are the same. Take a mment and cmpare prducts based n ingredients, rather than slely calries, t decide whether they’re what yu want.
【答案】41-55BCAAD CBDAC CABBD
詳解如下：
41. B 【解析】根據(jù)空前I use it all the time可知“我”favr（青睞、更喜愛）用clean eating這個(gè)說法。
42. C 【解析】根據(jù)空后兩句Our bdies wrk differently frm ne anther與 Sme physilgically need mre fat…可知，此處是從生理角度來說明每個(gè)人的飲食方案不同的。
【段意】“clean eating”是一個(gè)健康保健情景的常用詞。我一直在使用它。青睞它是因?yàn)閷?duì)“clean eating”沒有一個(gè)正規(guī)的定義，也沒有一條萬用的clean eating方案。就讓我們來看看它吧：不論生理上還是行為上，一則適用于每個(gè)人的完美方案是不存在的。每個(gè)人身體的運(yùn)作方式不同。有些人生理上需要多些脂肪，有些人需要更多的碳水化合物，所有人都需要不同的復(fù)合維生素和礦物質(zhì)。
43. A 【解析】根據(jù)后文make tast、htel、restaurant和grw and ck their wn fd可知，后文舉例說明人們因生活方式(lifestyle)不同所以飲食方案不同的。
44. A 【解析】根據(jù)空后while sme f us can’t make tast可知，while此處為對(duì)比連詞，所以本空為ck daily（每天做飯），剛好與can’t make tast(不會(huì)烤面包片)相對(duì)應(yīng)。
45. D 【解析】根據(jù)空后while thers raise, grw and ck their wn fd可知，而另一些人飼養(yǎng)、種植并且烹飪自己的食物，而（while）在旅店、機(jī)場和餐館的旅人就要依靠（rely n）旅店、機(jī)場和餐館里的食物了。因此空前說這類人的食物是ften ut f their cntrl（不能自己操控的）。
【段意】從活動(dòng)習(xí)性上看，也沒有一條萬用方案適用于所有人的生活方式。我們有些人每天做飯，而有些連烤個(gè)面包片都不會(huì)。對(duì)某些人來說，食物是不可控的，依賴于旅店、機(jī)場和餐館，而另一些人飼養(yǎng)、種植并且烹飪自己的食物。
46. C 【解析】根據(jù)空后Sme have had a health scare r are feeling lw-energy and sluggish, and are curius abut whether fd culd make them feel better; sme are cncerned abut the envirnment and eclgy, and the impact f hw fds are grwn and sld可知，有些人有健康危機(jī)或者正感到懶散、能量不足，好奇食物是否會(huì)讓他們感覺好些；有些人擔(dān)心環(huán)境和生態(tài)，以及食物的種植和銷售方式的帶來影響,此處是從不同動(dòng)機(jī)（mtivatin）來說明每個(gè)人的飲食選擇不同的。
47. B 【解析】根據(jù)本句的三個(gè)sme和兩個(gè)分號(hào)，可以看出此處是舉例說明中并列的第三項(xiàng)，有些人好奇……有些人擔(dān)心……，有些人有些其他的顧慮（sme have yet ther cncerns）。
【段意】我們也會(huì)有不同的動(dòng)機(jī)。有些人有健康危機(jī)或者正感到懶散、能量不足，好奇食物是否會(huì)讓他們感覺好些；有些人擔(dān)心環(huán)境、生態(tài)以及食物的種植和銷售方式的帶來影響；有些人還有些其他的顧慮。
48. D 【解析】根據(jù)前文內(nèi)容可知，之所以沒有一通用的clean eating的飲食方案是因?yàn)?，人們生理、生活?xí)性、飲食動(dòng)機(jī)各不相同。本句承接上文并且說明了這些不同的（distinctins）是取決于是價(jià)值觀和目標(biāo)because yur versin f clean will depend n yur values and gals。
49. A 【解析】根據(jù)空后Instead（相反） …will help yu make chices yu can stick with and make yu feel better可知，Instead之后是有益行為，所以Instead前面應(yīng)該是不利行為，所以選否定詞rarely，rarely a fundatin fr success幾乎不會(huì)成功。
【段意】這些不同是重要的，因?yàn)槟氵@個(gè)版本的clean取決于你的價(jià)值觀和目標(biāo)。強(qiáng)迫自己或者他人按照飲食計(jì)劃行事幾乎不會(huì)成功。相反，理解你的行為動(dòng)機(jī)會(huì)將幫你做出能堅(jiān)持下去的選擇，使你對(duì)自己的飲食方式感覺好些。
50. C 【解析】根據(jù)本句句意和上一段because yur versin f clean will depend n yur values and gals可知，當(dāng)“我”想到eating clean的時(shí)候，首先想到的是要確切地知道吃的是什么，并且做出符合（in line with）價(jià)值觀的謹(jǐn)慎決定。
51. C 【解析】根據(jù)上下文可知，ask questins 是為了確保（guarantee）我們吃的食物是whle fd(全食物)。后句又進(jìn)行了舉例說明。
52. A 【解析】根據(jù)上下文可知，“我”認(rèn)為知道自己吃的什么很重要I wuld argue, live in a wrld where we must ask questins，因此，當(dāng)“我”吃土豆泥的時(shí)候，要確保吃的是真的土豆（actual ptates）。
【段意】當(dāng)我想到eating clean的時(shí)候，首先想到的是要確切地知道我把什么放到了身體里(吃的是什么)，然后做出符合價(jià)值觀的謹(jǐn)慎決定。你已經(jīng)見過人們?cè)谟啿蛷d或者在食品店做決定前會(huì)問若干問題。盡管觀察食物、想知道食物里有什么會(huì)被調(diào)侃、抨擊，而我認(rèn)為，這很重要。我們生活在一個(gè)不得不問的世界因?yàn)槲覀儾荒鼙ＷC自己吃的是全食（whle fd）。我不必與為我種土豆的農(nóng)民見面，但是吃土豆泥的時(shí)候，我還是想確認(rèn)我吃的真的是土豆。我認(rèn)為這么問不過分。
53. B 【解析】根據(jù)上下文和句意，要知道自己吃的是什么，也就是盤中餐有的什么what is ne yur plate(盤子)。
54. B【解析】根據(jù)下文Are yu kay with eating thse ingredients和Take a mment and cmpare prducts based n ingredients... t decide whether they’re what yu want可知，“我”建議讀者要重視食品成分表，而不僅是卡路里和克數(shù)，因此本空用encurage（鼓勵(lì)）。
55. D 【解析】根據(jù)上文We are trained t lk at calries and grams n fd labels, but I...和本句Take a mment and cmpare prducts based n decide whether they’re what yu want可知“我”建議讀者要重視食品成分表，而不僅是（rather than）卡路里。rather than slely calries 為插入成分，用兩個(gè)逗號(hào)分開，補(bǔ)充說明cmpare prducts based n ingredients。
【段意】做到clean eating的第一步就是知道你的盤中餐有什么。它的一切。我們被訓(xùn)練去看食物標(biāo)簽上的卡路里和克數(shù)，而我鼓勵(lì)你先看看配料。你能理解你要吃的食物里有什么嗎？你這這些配料有問題嗎？不是所有的食品都一樣?；c(diǎn)兒時(shí)間按照配料比較這些食品，再?zèng)Q定它們是否是你想要的。
2019年6月高考真題
Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext
We're tld that writing is dying. Typing n keybards and screens _____41_____ written cmmunicatin tday. Learning cursive (草書), jined-up handwriting was nce _____42_____ in schls. But nw, nt s much. Cuntries such as Finland have drpped jined-up handwriting lessns in schls___43___ typing curses. And in the U.S. , the requirement t learn cursive has been left ut f cre standards since 2013. A few U.S. states still place value n frmative cursive educatin, such as Arizna, but they're nt the _____44_____.
Sme experts pint ut that writing lessns can have indirect _____45_____. Anne Trubek , authr f The Histry and Uncertain Future f Handwriting, argues that such lessns can reinfrce a skill called autmaticity. That's when yu've perfected a task, and can d it almst withut thinking, _____46_____ yu extra mental bandwidth t think abut r d ther things while yu're ding the task. In this sense, Trubek likens handwriting t _____47_____.
“Once yu have driven fr a while, yu dn't _____48_____ think ‘Step n gas nw’[r] ‘Turn the steering wheel a bit’,” she explains. “Yu just d it. That's what we want children t _____49_____ when learning t write. Yu and I dn't think ‘nw make a lp ging up fr the ‘1’’— r ‘nw lk fr the letter ‘r' n the keybard’.” Trubek has written many essays and bks n handwriting, and she desn't believe it will die ut fr a very lng time, “if ever”. But she believes students are learning autmaticity faster with keybards than with handwriting: students are learning hw t type withut lking at the keys at _____50_____ ages, and t type faster than they culd write, granting them extra time t think abut wrd chice r sentence structure. In a piece penned (if yu'll pardn the expressin) fr the New Yrk Times last year, Trubek argued that due t the imprved autmaticity f keybards, tday's children may well becme better cmmunicatrs in text as _____51_____ takes up less f their educatin. This is a(n) _____52_____ that has attracted bth criticism and supprt.
She explains that tw f the mst cmmn arguments she hears frm detractrs regarding the decline f handwriting is that nt _____53_____ it will result in a " lss f histry " and a “l(fā)ss f persnal tuch”.
On the frmer she _____54_____ that 95% f handwritten manuscripts can't be read by the average persn anyway — "that's why we have palegraphers, " she explains, palegraphy being the study f ancient styles f writing — while the latter refers t the warm _____55_____ we give t handwritten persnal ntes, such as thank-yu cards. Sme educatrs seem t agree, at least t an extent.
A. abandnsB. dminates C. entersD. absrbs
A. cmpulsry B. ppsiteC. crucialD. relevant
A. in want f B. in case f C. in favur f D. in additin t
A. quantityB. minimumC. qualityD. majrity
A. respnsibility B. benefitsC. resurcesD. structure
A. grantingB. gettingC. bringingD. cming
A. sleeping B. drivingC. reviewingD. perating
A. eventually B. cnstantly C. equivalently D. cnsciusly
A. adptB. reachC. acquireD. activate
A. slwerB. laterC. fasterD. earlier
A. handwritingB. addingC. frmingD. understanding
A. trustB. lkC. viewD. smile
A. cntaining B. spreadingC. chsingD. prtecting
A. cmmitsB. cunters C. cmpletesD. cmpses
A. assciatins B. resurcesC. prceduresD. interactins
【答案】 41-45. BACDB 46-50ABDCD 51-55 ACDBA
【解析】
B[解析] 根據(jù)句意可知“在鍵盤和屏幕上打字是當(dāng)今書面交流的主要(dminates)方式，”abandns 放棄;enters 進(jìn)入;absrbs.吸收，故選 B。
42.A[解析]根據(jù)句意及上下文理解可知“在學(xué)校里，學(xué)習(xí)草書和連寫體字的情況曾經(jīng)是強(qiáng)制性的(cmpulsry)，”ppsite 相反的;crucial 必要的;relevant 相關(guān)的，故選 A。
43.C[解析]根據(jù)上下文理解，可推測此處句意為“像芬蘭這樣的國家已經(jīng)放棄了學(xué)校里的合班手寫課而選擇支持 (in favur f)打字課程?！眎n want f 需要in case f如果是;in additin t 除此之外，故選 C。44.D[解析]根據(jù)上下文理解可知，此處的亞利桑那州并不是支持草書教育的大多數(shù) (majrity)， quantity 數(shù)量; minimum 最小限度;quality 質(zhì)量，故選D.45.B[解析]根據(jù)上下文理解，可知此處句意為“一些專家指出，寫作課有間接的奸處 (benefits)“respnsibility 責(zé)任: resurces 資源，structure 結(jié)構(gòu)，故選B。
46.A[解析]根據(jù)上下文可知，此處主要描述上文所提到的書的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，此句為“這時(shí)，你已經(jīng)完成了一項(xiàng)任務(wù)，而且?guī)缀蹩梢圆患偎妓鞯赝瓿伤?，在你做?wù)的同時(shí)，為你提供(granting)額外的思考或做其他事情的帶寬”，getting 得到:bringing 帶來;cming 來，故選A。
47.B[解析]根據(jù)上文，可知此處“在這個(gè)意義上，特魯貝克把手寫比作駕駛(driving)”，sleeping 睡眠;reviewing 審查;perating 操作，故選 B。48.D[解析]根據(jù)上下文理解，可是此處是在解釋上文中將書寫比作駕駛，我此處句意為，“一旦你開了一會(huì)兒車，你就不會(huì)有意識(shí)地(cnsciusly) 認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在踩油門’或者·把方向盤轉(zhuǎn)一點(diǎn)’，”。eventually 最終地;cnstantly 經(jīng)常的:equivalently 等價(jià)的，故選 D。
49.C[解析] 根據(jù)上下文理解以及句意“這就是我們希望孩子們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)寫作幣學(xué)到(acquire) 的東西。”adpt 收養(yǎng);reach 到達(dá);activate 激活，故選 C。50.D[解析]根據(jù)上文可知，此處所指的是“學(xué)生們正在學(xué)習(xí)如何打字，而不需要在更早的(earlier) 年齡的時(shí)候看鍵?！眘lwer 更慢的;late 更遲的，faster 更快的，故選 D。
51.A[解析]根據(jù)整篇文章可知，主要是關(guān)于手寫的問題， 此處句意為“由于鍵盤的自動(dòng)化程度提高，今天的孩子很可能會(huì)成為更好的文字交流者，因?yàn)槭稚?handwriting)對(duì)他們的教育越來越少了”，adding 加入: frming 形成:understanding 理解，故選A。
52.C[解析]根據(jù)句意可知“這一觀點(diǎn) (view)受到的批評(píng)和支持都存在。”trust信任;lk看;smile 微笑，故選 C。
53.D[解析] 根據(jù)上下文指出，可知說的是關(guān)于詆毀者的意見，及不保護(hù)(prtecting)書寫會(huì)導(dǎo)致歷史的喪失和個(gè)人的喪失，cntaining 包含;spreading傳播;chsing選擇，故選D。
54.B[解析]根據(jù)上下文理解可知，你說我句意為”在前一種情況下，她反駁(cunters)道，至少有百分之九十五的手寫手稿無法被普通人閱談。“這就是為什么我們有古文字學(xué)家”cmmits 承諾:cmpletes 完成:cmpses 作山，故選B。
55.A[解析] 根據(jù)下文可知，此處所指的是“給予個(gè)人手寫筆記的溫暖聯(lián)想(assciatins)”， resurces 資源: prcedures 程序; interactins 相互作用，故選A。
2019年1月高考真題
Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext
Mre peple are travelling than ever befre, and lwer harriers t entry and falling csts means they are ding s fr 41 perids.
The rise f “city breaks” 48-hur bursts f freign cultures, easier n the pcket and annual leave balance has increased turist numbers, but nt their 42 spread. The same attractins have been used t market cities such as Paris, Barcelna and Venice fr decades, and visitrs use the same infrastructure as residents t reach them. “T many peple d the same thing at the exact same time,” says Fnt. “Fr 43 , the city n lnger belngs t them.”
This starts with marketing, says Fnt, wh ntes that Amsterdam has started advising visitrs t seek 44 utside f the city centre n its fficial website. “That takes sme balls, really t d that. But nly s many peple will lk at the website, and it means they can say t their residents they’re ding all they can [t ease cngestin].”
But it als 45 a better way, it is called “deturism”: sustainable travel tips an 46 itineraries fr explring an authentic Venice, ff the paths beaten by the 28 millin visitrs wh flck there each year.
A greater variety f 47 fr prspective visitrs ------ ideas fr what t d in ff-peak seasns, fr example, r utside f the city center ------ can have the effect f diverting them frm already saturated landmarks, r 48 shrt breaks away in the first place. Lnger stays 49 the pressure, says Fnt. If yu g t Paris fr tw days, yu’re ging t g t the Eiffel Twer. “If yu g fr tw weeks, yu’re nt ging t g t the Eiffel Twer 14 times.”
Similarly, repeat visitrs have a better sense f the 50 , “We shuld be asking hw we get turists t 51 , nt hw t get them t cme fr the first time. If they’re cming fr the fifth time, it is much easier t integrate their behavir with urs.”
Lcal gvernments can fster this sustainable activity by giving preference t respnsible peratr and even high-paying cnsumers. Fnt says cities culd stand t be mre selective abut the turists they try t attract when the current metric fr marketing success is hw many there are, and hw far they’ve cme. “Yu’re thinking, ‘yeah but at what cst...’.”
He pints t unpublished data frm the Barcelna Turist Bard that priritizes Japanese turists fr spending an average f 640 mre per day than French turist as a(n) 52 that fails t take int accunt their bigger carbn ftprint. 53 turists are als mre likely t be repeat visitrs that cme at ff-peak times, buy lcal prduce, and 54 t less crwded parts f the city ------ all prductive steps twards mre 55 turism, and mre peaceful relatins with residents.
41. A. lngerB. shrterC. widerD. clearer
42. A envirnmentalB. natinalC. ecnmicD. gegraphic
43. A. lcalsB. turistsC. visitrsD. cleaners
44. A. transprtsB. accmmdatinC. restaurantsD. service
45. A. addressesB. pavesC. prpsesD. receives
46. A. separateB. individualC. alternativeD. bjective
47. A. refrmB. guidanceC. invitatinD. supprt
48. A. cnvincingB. discuragingC. preventingD. resisting
49. A. paceB. escapeC. withstandD. ease
50. A cultureB. knwledgeC. entertainmentD. ability
51. A lake verB. bring upC. cme backD. lay ff
52. A. distinctinB. harmnyC. assciatinD. cmparisn
53. A. FrenchB. ItalianC. SpanishD. German
54. A. carry utB. give intC. spread utD. impact n
55. A. slightB cmplexC. tempraryD. sustainable
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. C 46. C 47. B 48. B 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. D
【解析】
本文屬于議論文，旅游的發(fā)展，雖然促進(jìn)了當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，但從另外一個(gè)方面影響到了當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦纳钜约案鞣N基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，如何保證旅游業(yè)的長久發(fā)展是擺在人們面前的一大問題。
【41題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：更多的人旅游的更頻繁，因?yàn)槿ヒ粋€(gè)國家的障礙更少，費(fèi)用更低，這就意味著游客在一個(gè)地方旅游的時(shí)間越來越短。A. lnger 更長的；B. shrter 更短的；C. wider更寬的；D. clearer更干凈的。根據(jù)本句人們旅游更頻繁，呆的時(shí)間越來越短，故選B。
【42題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：城市假期的興起，48小時(shí)快速了解外國文化的興起，金錢和年假更匹配，這些都導(dǎo)致游客人數(shù)上漲，但是游客目的地地理范圍沒有相應(yīng)的擴(kuò)展。A. envirnmental環(huán)境的；B. natinal國家的；C. ecnmic經(jīng)濟(jì)的； D. gegraphic地理的。根據(jù)文章可知，本文講述旅游興起帶來的問題，故選D。
【43題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)于當(dāng)?shù)厝藖碚f，城市已經(jīng)不屬于他們了。A. lcals當(dāng)?shù)厝?；B. turists游客；C. visitrs參觀者；D. cleaners清潔工。根據(jù)文章可知，本文講述旅游對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)氐臎_擊，故選A。
【44題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Fnt說到，這需要從市場廣告做起，阿姆斯特丹就在其旅游官網(wǎng)上建議游客到郊區(qū)尋找食宿地方。A. transprts交通；B. accmmdatin食宿；C. restaurants餐廳；D. service服務(wù)。根據(jù)文章可知，本文提供了一些解決辦法，故選B。
【45題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是也建議了一種更好的方式，叫錯(cuò)峰旅游，一種可持續(xù)的旅游方式，即避開游客大量集中的旅游景點(diǎn)，去探索真正的威尼斯。A. addresses做演講，處理；B. paves鋪路；C. prpses建議；D. receives收到。根據(jù)本句可知，還有另外一種方式來解決這個(gè)問題，故選C。
【46題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是也建議了一種更好的方式，叫錯(cuò)峰旅游，一種可持續(xù)的旅游方式，即避開游客大量集中的旅游景點(diǎn)，去探索真正的威尼斯。A. separate分開的；B. individual個(gè)人的；C. alternative可替代性的；D. bjective客觀的。根據(jù)本句ff the paths beaten by the 28 millin visitrs wh flck there each year可知，為游客提供一些人少的路線，故選C。
【47題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)游客進(jìn)行廣泛指導(dǎo)也可以引導(dǎo)他們不去人滿為患的景點(diǎn)，打消他們短期旅行的想法。A. refrm改革；B. guidance指導(dǎo)；C. invitatin邀請(qǐng)；D. supprt支持。根據(jù)文章可知，本段講述對(duì)游客進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)，實(shí)現(xiàn)游客分流，故選B。
【48題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)游客進(jìn)行廣泛指導(dǎo)也可以引導(dǎo)他們不去人滿為患的景點(diǎn)，打消他們短期旅行的想法。A. cnvincing說服；B. discuraging打消積極性；C. preventing阻止；D. resisting抵抗。根據(jù)文章可知，本段講述對(duì)游客進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)，實(shí)現(xiàn)游客分流，合理規(guī)劃自己的旅行計(jì)劃，故選B
【49題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個(gè)地方逗留時(shí)間更長能夠緩解一定的壓力。A. pace踱步走；B. escape逃跑；C. withstand抵抗；D. ease緩解。根據(jù)后文If yu g t Paris fr tw days, yu’re ging t g t the Eiffel Twer. “If yu g fr tw weeks, yu’re nt ging t g t the Eiffel Twer 14 times.”可知，在一個(gè)地方逗留時(shí)間更長能夠緩解當(dāng)?shù)氐膲毫?，故選D。
【50題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：再次去的游客有更好的文化意識(shí)，我應(yīng)該考慮怎樣讓游客再來這個(gè)地方旅游，而不是來第一次就不來了。A. culture 文化；B. knwledge知識(shí)；C. entertainment娛樂；D. ability能力。根據(jù)后文If they’re cming fr the fifth time, it is much easier t integrate their behavir with urs.可知，多次去同一個(gè)地方旅游的游客能夠更好地融入當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕蔬xA。
【51題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：再次去的游客有更好的文化意識(shí)，我應(yīng)該考慮怎樣讓游客再來這個(gè)地方旅游，而不是來第一次就不來了。A. take ver接管；B. bring up撫養(yǎng)；C. cme back回來；D. lay ff解雇。根據(jù)文章可知，應(yīng)該考慮怎樣讓游客來了還想來，故選C。
【52題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他引用了巴塞羅那旅游局未公布的數(shù)據(jù)，由于比法國游客平均梅每天多花40歐元，把日本游客放在更優(yōu)先的地方，但是沒有考慮日本游客更大的碳足跡。A. distinctin區(qū)分；B. harmny和諧；C. assciatin聯(lián)系；D. cmparisn對(duì)比。根據(jù)本句可知，把日本游客與法國游客進(jìn)行對(duì)比，故選D。
【53題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是法國游客更可能再次去巴塞羅那旅游，錯(cuò)開高峰期，購買當(dāng)?shù)禺a(chǎn)品，去那些人更少的景點(diǎn)。A. French 法國人；B. Italian意大利人；C. Spanish西班牙人；D. German德國人。根據(jù)文章可知，盡管日本游客花錢更多，但是法國游客更有可能再次去，故選A。
【54題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是法國游客更可能再次去巴塞羅那旅游，錯(cuò)開高峰期，購買當(dāng)?shù)禺a(chǎn)品，去那些人更少的景點(diǎn)。A. carry ut實(shí)施；B. give int讓步； C. spread ut擴(kuò)散；D. impact n影響。根據(jù)文章可知，法國人更有可能去人少的地方，故選C。
【55題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：所有的這些措施都是可持續(xù)的措施，更少的影響當(dāng)?shù)氐木用?。A. slight輕微的；B. cmplex復(fù)雜的；C. temprary臨時(shí)的；D. sustainable可持續(xù)的。根據(jù)文章可知，本文主要探討旅游業(yè)減少對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦挠绊?，故選D。
2018年6月高考真題
Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext
When 17-year-ld Quattr Musser hangs ut with friends, they dn't drink beer r cruise arund in cars with their dates. ___41___, they stick t G-rated activities such as rck-climbing r talking abut bks.
They are in gd cmpany, accrding t a new study shwing that teenagers are increasingly delaying activities that had lng been seen as rites f passage int ___42___. The study, published Tuesday in the jurnal Child Develpment, fund that the percentage f adlescents in the U.S. wh have a driver's license, wh have tried alchl, wh date, and wh wrk fr pay has plummeted since 1976, with the mst precipitus(急劇的) ___43___ in the past decade. The declines appeared acrss race, gegraphic, and sciecnmic lines, and in rural, urban, and suburban areas.
T be sure, mre than half f teens still engage in these activities, but the ___44___ have slimmed cnsiderably. Teens have als reprted a steady decline in sexual activity in recent decades, as the prtin f high schl students wh have had sex fell frm 54 percent in 1991 t 41 percent in 2015, accrding t Centers fr Disease Cntrl statistics. "Peple say, 'Oh, it's because teenagers are mre respnsible, r mre lazy, r mre bring,' but they're ___45___ the larger trend," said Jean Twenge, lead authr f the study, which drew n seven large time-lag surveys f Americans. Rather, she said, kids may be less ___46___in activities such as dating, driving r getting jbs because in tday's sciety, they n lnger need t.
Accrding t an evlutinary psychlgy thery that a persn's "life strategy" slws dwn r speeds up depending n his r her ___47___, expsure t a "harsh and unpredictable" envirnment leads t faster develpment, while a mre resurce-rich and secure envirnment has the ___48___ effect, the study said. In the first ___49___, "Yu'd have a lt f kids and be in survival mde, start having kids yung, expect yur kids will have kids yung, and expect that there will be mre ___50___ and fewer resurces," said Twenge, a psychlgy prfessr at San Dieg State University wh is the authr f "iGen: Why Tday's Super-Cnnected Kids Are Grwing Up Less Rebellius, Mre Tlerant, Less Happy - and Cmpletely Unprepared fr Adulthd."
In that mdel a teenage by might be thinking mre ___51___ abut marriage, and driving a car and wrking fr pay wuld be imprtant fr "establishing mate value based n prcurement f resurces," the study said. But America is shifting mre tward the ___52___ mdel, and the change is apparent acrss the sciecnmic spectrum, Twenge said. "Even in families whse parents didn't have a cllege are smaller, and the idea that children need t be carefully ___53___ has really sunk in." The ___54___ f "adult activities" culd nt be attributed t mre hmewrk r extracurricular activities, the study said, nting that teens tday spend fewer hurs n hmewrk and the same amunt f time n extracurriculars as they did in the 1990s (with the exceptin f cmmunity service, which has risen slightly). Nr culd the use f smartphnes and the Internet be entirely the ___55___, the reprt said, since the decline began befre they were widely available., If the delay is t make rm fr creative explratin and frming better scial and emtinal cnnectins, it is a gd thing, he said.
【答案】41~45.BDCBD 46~50. ABCCD 51~55. CADBA
【解析】
B.【解析】根據(jù)句意，兩句句子前后作對(duì)比。句意：當(dāng)17歲的夸特羅?穆塞和朋友們?cè)谝黄饡r(shí)，他們不喝啤酒，也不和約會(huì)的人一起在車?yán)锒碉L(fēng)。而是堅(jiān)持G級(jí)的活動(dòng)，如攀巖或登山或討論書中的內(nèi)容。Therefre因此；Rather然而：mrever再者；Besides此外。
D.【解析】根據(jù)本句中的teenagers知應(yīng)該進(jìn)入成年時(shí)期。childhd童年：neighbrhd鄰居： adlescents 青春期：adulthd 成年。
C.【解析】根據(jù)本句句意：在過去的十年中岀現(xiàn)了最陡蠟的下降可知，應(yīng)選C。escape 逃離；end結(jié)朿：decrease下降；change改變。
B. 【解析】根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知大多數(shù)的人已經(jīng)瘦了很minrity少數(shù)；majrity大多數(shù)； masses 民眾：amunts 數(shù)量。
D.【解析】根據(jù)句意：他們錯(cuò)過了更大的趨勢(shì)可知題中應(yīng)填missing。
A.【解析】解析：be interested in對(duì)… 感興趣。
B.【解析】根據(jù)句意：根據(jù)一種進(jìn)化心理學(xué)理論，人的'生命策略“會(huì)根據(jù)他或她周邊環(huán)境減 緩或加速可知應(yīng)選surrundings。emtins 情感；surrundings 周用環(huán)境；custms 關(guān)稅；habits 習(xí)慣。
C.【解析】句子中的While有前后作對(duì)比之意,故選C。 wrng錯(cuò)誤的; same 一樣的： ppsite相反的；similar相似的。
C.【解析】In the first case在第一種情況下。
D.【解析】根據(jù)前文可知預(yù)期會(huì)帶來更多的疾病，更少的資源。truble麻煩；questins問題； benefits 優(yōu)點(diǎn)：diseases 疾病。
C.【解析】根據(jù)句意：在那種模式下，一個(gè)十幾歲的男孩可能會(huì)更認(rèn)真地考慮婚姻。deliberately 故意地；delicately精致地；seriusly認(rèn)貞地：cnsiderably 相當(dāng)?shù)亍?br>A.【解析】根據(jù)前文可知，美國正在轉(zhuǎn)向慢速模式。slwer減慢：better更好; smaller更??；faster更快的。
D.【解析】根據(jù)前句可知，即使父母殳有受過大學(xué)教育，但是孩子們需要被小心地接受教育的觀念已經(jīng)深入人心。emphasized強(qiáng)調(diào)；related有關(guān)系的；rganized有組織的：educated受教育的。
B.【懈析】根據(jù)前文可知 因?yàn)槌扇嘶顒?dòng)推遲不能歸于更多家庭作業(yè)和課外活動(dòng)。implement實(shí)施： pstpnement 推遲；achievement 成就：payment 支付。
A.【解析】根據(jù)上文可知，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與智能手機(jī)的使用不可能是完全的原因。cause原因；impact 碰撞; fast 快的; result 結(jié)果。
2018年1月高考真題
III. Reading Cmprehensin
sectin A (15分)
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passages there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Humans hate markedly t give wrkers mre than they deserve, and indeed many will settle fr less t cmpensate wrke equitably. But is this impulse ___41___? Perhaps nt, says psychlgical scientist Marie Sch?fer in Germany. Accrding t Sch?fer, nbdy has ever lked at hw yung children frm different ___42___ think abut merit when sharing rewards. There is reasn t suspect that meritcracy（英才教育）may be mre f a Western cncept and value, s she and several clleagues decided t put this t the test, studying the ___43___ f children, fur t 11 years ld, in three different cultures.
The idea was t test hw much the children valued merit. S each child was given a number f sweets equal t the ttal number f fish in the catch, and was tld t distribute the sweets any way he r she wanted — withut adults in the rm t influence them. If they valued merit, children shuld ___44___ the sweets accrding t shares f the catch.That is, if they had landed the same number f fish, they wuld chse t reward each ne ___45___, but if ne fared much better at fishing, rewards wuld als be disprprtinate. In the case where they were simply given the fish, rewards shuld be unrelated t catch size — since n effrt was invlved.
___46___matters. That’s the main finding amng many frm the study, as described in a frthcming issue f the jurnal Psychlgical Science. The German children distributed the spils f the day precisely in prprtin t ___47___, even when this meant a very unbalanced distributin f rewards. By cntrast, children frm the tw rural African scieties barely tk merit int cnsideratin at all. These findings suggest that the basic ntin f merit and distributive justice is far frm universal in ur species, and that ___48___ is culturally defined.
But why? The scientists ffer sme ___49___ n this. It culd be that in large-scale scieties like Germany, a meritcracy is ___50___ fr regulating transactins between peple wh dn’t knw each ther and may nt interact again. The fcus is n equitable interactins, because things wn’t be “evened ut” in the future. In small scale scieties, ___51___ mst exchanges take place between peple wh are ___52___ with ne anther. It may be mre imprtant in such scieties t build lng-term relatinships based n equity —rather than t insist n equity in a single transactin. In egalitarian frager scieties, such as the Haillm, ___53___ is an imprtant leveling mechanism, ___54___ asymmetries in wealth and increasing harmny. Children may internalize these scial values early n, and apply them even when the fishing trip is ___55___.
(原文)
Imagine this scenari: Tw cmmercial fishermen head ut t sea at the break f dawn, and spend the next ten hurs hauling in the day’s catch. When they wearily return t dck and cunt their take, ne has three times as many fish in his hld. Hw shuld the tw fishermen be cmpensated fr the lng day’s wrk?
Many peple cnsider this a n-brainer. Three times the fish, three times the pay — simple. Reward is based n merit — in this case, successful fishing. In academic jargn, it’s called “merit-based distributive justice.”
The alternative — ne alternative — is t divide the spils equally. After all, bth fishermen spent ten hurs under the ht sun wrking, and brught back fish that will feed the cmmunity. And bth need the mney, s perhaps this is fairer, mre equitable?
The weight f evidence supprts merit pay as the fairer apprach. Humans are markedly averse t giving wrkers mre than they deserve, and indeed many will settle fr less in rder t cmpensate wrk equitably. What’s mre, this attitude appears very early in childhd: Children as yung as three believe that hard wrk merits mre reward. By the time they enter schl, children are like little adults in their cmmitment t distributive justice.
But is this impulse universal? Perhaps nt, says psychlgical scientist Marie Sch?fer f the Max Planck Institute fr Evlutinary Anthrplgy in Germany. Accrding t Sch?fer, nbdy has ever lked at hw yung children frm different cultures think abut merit when sharing rewards. There is reasn t suspect that meritcracy may be mre f a Western cncept and value, s she and several clleagues decided t put this t the test, studying the behavir f children, fur t 11 years ld, in three different cultures.
The scientists asked the children t, well, g fishing. They fished tw at a time, in tw adjacent tanks. In this case, the “fish” were metallic bjects in the tanks, which the children tried t “catch” with magnetized fishing rds. Only the game was rigged by the scientists in advance: In sme cases, the tw children wuld catch exactly the same number f fish, while in ther cases, ne child wuld catch three times as many fish. In anther cnditin, the children didn’t fish at all, but were simply given unequal catches.
The idea was t test hw much the children valued merit. S each child was given a number f sweets equal t the ttal number f fish in the catch, and was tld t distribute the sweets any way he r she wanted — withut adults in the rm t influence them. If they valued merit, children shuld distribute the sweets accrding t shares f the catch. That is, if they had landed the same number f fish, they wuld chse t reward each ne equally, but if ne fared much better at fishing, rewards wuld als be disprprtinate. In the case where they were simply given the fish, rewards shuld be unrelated t catch size — since n effrt was invlved.
Culture matters. That’s the main finding amng many frm the study, as described in a frthcming issue f the jurnal Psychlgical Science. The German children distributed the spils f the day precisely in prprtin t prductivity, even when this meant a very unbalanced distributin f rewards. By cntrast, children frm the tw rural African scieties barely tk merit int cnsideratin at all. These findings suggest that the basic ntin f merit and distributive justice is far frm universal in ur species, and that fairness is culturally defined.
But why? The scientists ffer sme thughts n this. It culd be that in large-scale scieties like Germany, a meritcracy is imprtant fr regulating transactins between peple wh dn’t knw each ther and may nt interact again. The fcus is n equitable interactins, because things wn’t be “evened ut” in the future. In small scale scieties, by cntrast, mst exchanges take place between peple wh are familiar with ne anther. It may be mre imprtant in such scieties t build lng-term relatinships based n equity — rather than t insist n equity in a single transactin. In egalitarian frager scieties, such as the Haillm, sharing is an imprtant leveling mechanism, balancing asymmetries in wealth and increasing harmny. Children may internalize these scial values early n, and apply them even when the fishing trip is imaginary.
Fllw Wray Herbert’s reprting n psychlgical science in The Huffingtn Pst and n Twitter at @wrayherbert.
（）
【答案】 41-55 BABDC CADBD CADCB
41.B[解析]根據(jù)句意這樣沖動(dòng)的行為是普遍的嗎? 選C。 unblcked 非封鎖; universal普遍的;uncnscius 無意識(shí)的; unique 獨(dú)一無二。
42.A[解析]根據(jù) 下文 in three different cultures 可知，應(yīng)填 cultures。 cultures 文化; cases 案件; cmpanies 公司; aspects 各方面。
43.B[解析]根據(jù)下文可是研究兒的行為 md 緒; behavir 行為: emtin情緒; habit習(xí)慣。
44. D[解析]根據(jù)句意如果孩子們重視價(jià)值，他們就應(yīng)該按照獲物的份額分配糖果。cllect 收取:lad 負(fù)荷;stress 壓力; distribute 分發(fā)。
45.C[解析]根句意:如果他們找到了相同數(shù)量的糖果，他們會(huì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)每個(gè)人相等的糖果。really 真的; deliberately 故意; equally 平等; happily 高興地。
46.C[解折]根據(jù)上下文文意可知，應(yīng)為文化問題。Scene 現(xiàn)場: Object 目標(biāo)Culture文化;Trend 趨勢(shì)。
47.A[解析]根據(jù)句意得德國的孩子們根據(jù)按勞分配，這就意味著獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)分配常不平衡。prductivity 生產(chǎn)力; benefit 福利;interest利息;survey 調(diào)查。
48.D[解析]根據(jù)前文可知公平只是文化上的定義，在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中并不是這樣的。tiredness疲勞:business 業(yè)務(wù): thickness 厚度; fairness 公平。
49.B[解析]根據(jù)下文可知，本句應(yīng)為科學(xué)家們對(duì)此提出了一些看法。feeling感覺:thughts 看法:lives 生命:emtins 情緒。
50.D[解析]根據(jù)句意:它可能是在像德國這樣的大規(guī)模社會(huì)中，精英統(tǒng)治對(duì)F調(diào)節(jié)不認(rèn)識(shí)對(duì)方的人之間的交易是很重要的，也可能不會(huì)再進(jìn)行互動(dòng)?？芍獞?yīng)填準(zhǔn)要的。useful 有用的;majr主要的:small 小的;imprtant 重要的。
51C[解析]與前文做對(duì)比，故填by cntrast 相比較之下。in a wrd 總而言之; in additin 此外: by cntrast 相比之下;whats mre 更重要的是。
52.A[解折]根據(jù)上文可知，本句句意為: 相比之下，在小規(guī)模社會(huì)中，大多數(shù)交流是在被此熟悉的人之間進(jìn)行的。familiar熟悉的;delighted 高興的:; satisfied滿意的:same相同的。
53解折]根據(jù)上文可知,分享是一種重要的水準(zhǔn)機(jī)制。故填sharing。Cperatin合作; smile微笑;equal相等:share 分享。
54 C [解折]根據(jù)上下文可知平衡財(cái)富不對(duì)稱和促進(jìn)和諧也是重要的。Frcing強(qiáng)迫；judge審判；balance平衡。
55.B[解折]根據(jù)前文可知，這只是假象的釣魚之旅，故選 B。creative 創(chuàng)造的；;imaginary 想象的;innvative 創(chuàng)新的; lgic 邏輯性的。
2017年6月高考真題
Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext
Famus peple ften say that the key t becming bth happy and successful is t “d what yu lve.” But mastering a skill, even ne that yu deeply lve, 41___ a huge amunt f dull wrk. Anyne wh want t master a skill must run thrugh the cycle f practice, 42___ feedback, mdificatin, and increasing imprvement again, again and again. Sme peple seem able t cncentrate n practicing an activity like this fr years and take pleasure in their gradual imprvement. Yet thers find this kind f fcused, time-intensive wrk t be 43___ r bring.Why?
The difference may turn n the ability t enter int a state f “flw,” the felling f being cmpletely 44___ in what yu are ding. Whether yu call it being “in the zne,” r smething else, a flw state is a special experience. Since Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi develped the 45___ f flw in the 1970’s, it has been a mainstay f psitive-psychlgy research. Flw states can happen in the curse f any activity, and they are mst cmmn when a task has well-defined gals and is at a(n) 46___ skill level, and where the individual is able t 47___ their perfrmance t clear and immediate feedback.
Csikszentmihalyi suggested that thse wh mst 48___ entered int flw states had an “auttelic persnality(自帶目的性人格)”—a dispsitin t seek ut challenges and get int a state f flw. While thse withut such a persnality see difficulties, auttelic individuals see pprtunities t build skills. Auttelic individuals are receptive and pen t new challenges. They are als 49___ and have lw levels f self-centeredness. Such peple, with their capacity fr “disinterested interest” have a great advantage ver thers in develping their innate abilities.
Frtunately fr thse f us wh aren’t 51___ blessed with an auttelic persnality, there is evidence that flw states can be 52___ by envirnmental factrs. 53___, the learning framewrk prescribed by Mntessri schls seems t encurage flw states.
While there isn’t (yet) a pill that can turn mundane practice int a thrilling activity fr anyne, it is heartening that we seem, at least t sme 54___, t be able t nudge urselves tward flw states. By giving urselves unstructured, pen-ended time, minimal 55___, and a task set at a mderate level f difficulty, we may be able t lve what we’re ding while we put in the hard wrk practicing the things we lve ding.
41. A. inquiresB. requiresC. acquiresD. gains
42. A. preventableB. maintainableC. sustainableD. critical
43. A. frustratingB. encuragingC. cncerningD. instructing
44. A. imprvedB. indicatedC. invlvedD. inspired
45. A. cnceptB. receiptC. receptinD. cnditin
46. A. alternativeB. apprpriateC. apprximateD. sufficient
47. A. makeB. adptC. adaptD. adjust
48. A. fullyB. reallyC. readilyD. accidentally
49. A. generusB. persistentC. curageusD. resistant
50. A. addictB. advanceC. advantageD. admire
51. A. necessarilyB. bviuslyC. graduallyD. ccasinally
52. A. frbiddenB. functinedC. fastenedD. facilitated
53. A. In particularB. Fr exampleC. In cnclusinD. In cmparisn
54. A. intentinB. extentC. purpseD. intent
55. A. temptatinB. charmingC. attractinsD. distractins
答案：41-45 BDACA 46.~50. BDCBC 51~55. ADBBD
【解析】
41.B[解橋]詞義明A inquires 查詢B requires 要求 C acquires 取得D gains 收益 But mastering a skill, even ne that yu deeply lve, requires a huge amunt f dull wrk但是掌揭一項(xiàng)技能，即使是你深愛的技能，也要人量枯燥的工作。
42D[解析]詞義辨析A preventable 可預(yù)防的 B maintainable 可維護(hù)的C sustainable可持續(xù)發(fā)展 D.critical 北評(píng)的，愛別的。Critical feedback, mdificatin,and increasing imprvement again,again and again.一次又一次的背刻的的反饋、修改和不斷提高的改進(jìn)。
43.A[解析]詞義析A.frustrating 令人沮喪的 B encuraging 最勵(lì)C. Cncerning 關(guān)于 D.instructing 指示 Yet thers find this kind f fcused.time-intensive wrk t be frustrating r bring 然而，還有一些人發(fā)現(xiàn)這種專注的耗時(shí)的工作令人沮喪或無聊。
44C[解析]詞義辨析A imprved 改進(jìn)的 B.indicated 表明 C invlved 沙及到D. inspired 啟發(fā) The difference may turn n the ability l enter int a state f“fllw”, the feeling f being cmpletely invlved in what yu are ding.不同之處可能在于進(jìn)入“跟隨*狀態(tài)的能力，即完全參與你正在做的事情的感覺。
A[解析]詞義辨析 A.cncept 概念 B.receipt 接收 C.receptin 接收 D.cnditin 條件。Since Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi develped the cncept f flw in the1970's. it has been a mainstay f psitive-psychlgy research. 自從 20 進(jìn)紀(jì) 70 年Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi 提出了流的概念以來，它一直是積極心理學(xué)研究的支柱
46.B[解析]詞義洲析A.alternative 備選 B.apprpriate 適當(dāng)?shù)?C.apprximate 近似 D.sufficient 充分 they are mst cmmn when a task has well-defined gals and is at a(n)apprpriate skill level 當(dāng)一項(xiàng)任務(wù)有明確的目標(biāo)并且處于適尚的技能水平時(shí)，它們是最常見的。
47.D[解析]詞義析A.make制作 B.adpt 采用 C.adapt 適應(yīng)于 D.adjust適應(yīng)，訓(xùn) where the individual is able t adapt their perfrmance t clear and immediate feedback.在那里，個(gè)人能夠調(diào)整他們的表現(xiàn)，以明確和立即反饋。
48.C解析]詞義辨析A.fully 完全 B.rally 真的 C.readily 樂意地 D.accidentally意外地。 Csikszentmihalyi suggested that thse wh mst readily entered int Csikszentmihalyi建議那些最容易進(jìn)入的人。
49.B[解析]聞義辨析 A.generus 慨的 B.persistent 堅(jiān)持 C.curageus 勇敢的 D. resistant 抵抗。They are als persistent and have lw levels f self-centeredness它們也是持久性的，并且具有低水平的自我為中心。
50.C[解析]詞義辨析A.addict有的人 B.advance 前進(jìn)C.advantage 優(yōu)勢(shì)D.admire.欽佩。 Such peple, with their capacity fr “disinterested interest” have a great advantage ver thers in develping their innate abilities.這樣的人，他們對(duì)“不感興趣的利息”的能力在發(fā)展他們與生俱來的能力方面比別人有很大的優(yōu)勢(shì)。51A[解析]同義辨析A.necessarily 必然是 B.bviusly 顯然是 C.gradually新地 D. ccasinally 倒?fàn)?Frtunately fr thse f us wh aren't necessarily blessed with an auttelic persnality 幸運(yùn)的是，對(duì)于那些不一定擁有自動(dòng)個(gè)性的人來說
52.D[解析]詞組辨析。A.frbidden 禁止 B.functined 功能 C.fastened 緊固 D.facilitated 促進(jìn)。there is evidence that lw states can be facilitated by envirnmental factrs.有證據(jù)表明，環(huán)境因素可以促進(jìn)流動(dòng)狀態(tài)。
53.B[解折]河組洲析A. In particular 特別是 B.Fr example 比如; In cnclusin 總之； D. In cmparisn 相比而言。 Fr example, the learning framewrk prescribed by Mntessri schls seems t encurage flw states.例如，蒙合梭利學(xué)校制定的學(xué)習(xí)框架似乎鼓勵(lì)流動(dòng)狀態(tài)。
54.B[解析]詞義辨析A.intentin 意圖 B.extent 范圍 C.purpse 目的 D.intent意圖，目的 at least t sme extent, t be able t nudge urselves tward flw states至少在某種范圍內(nèi)，能夠?qū)⒆约和葡蛄鲃?dòng)狀態(tài)。
55.D[解析]詞義辨析A.temptatin 誘惑 B.charming 迷人的 C.attractins 吸引人的東西 D.distractins 使人分心的事 By giving urselves unstructured,pen-ended time,minimal distractins 過給自己非結(jié)構(gòu)化的、開放的時(shí)間和最小的干擾。
2017年1月高考真題
Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext
Ever been just abut t call smene when the phne rings and the persn in questin is n the ther end? Or have yu experienced a sudden feeling f unease r danger, even thugh yu're in a(n) 41 situatin? If yu dn’t believe in it, yu’ll put it dwn t 42 and an veractive imaginatin. But sme peple believe it is 43 that there is a sixth sense beynd smell, taste, tuch, hearing and sight. Nw, scientists are carrying ut experiments nt nly t prve that it exists, but als t find ut hw yu can 44 it t yur advantage.
Dean Radin, a researcher in Califrnia, has set up the Bundary Institute in Ls Alts and is currently using its website t recruit (招募) 4, 000 peple in 57 cuntries t find ut if there are any 45 instances f sixth sense r, as he calls it, "recgnitin"— the ability t predict utcmes. The results s far are 46 . In a card test, where yu have t 47 which f the five cards n a cmputer screen will be turned ver t reveal a picture, the tp scrers hit the the right card 48% f the time— 48 f this happening are 2,669 t 1.
49 , Radin’ s mst famus study invlves participants lking at a variety f image that are designed t stimulate a specific respnse. In the experiment, participants sit alne in rm in frnt f a cmputer, with devices attached t their bdies t measure changes in skin resistance and bld flw, which are measures f emtinal arusal. Radin has fund that ne in six peple has a rise in arusal befre they see the rad accident-type pictures, while remaining 50 befre the tree-type pictures.
But even if yu d accept that a sixth sense exists, the questin is, des it actually 51 ? Radin says it des. “The future f ur civilizatin depends n 52 that are being made nw, whether it's abut hw we farm ur fd, hw we get rid f ur waste r whether we allw chemicals t be included in everyday prducts. We dn’ t have answers t these imprtant questins, yet what we decide n will 53 ur lives fr decades r lnger. Anything we can d t imprve ur ability t predict future events is well wrth the 54 .” He says. If it turns ut that sme peple can genuinely frecast the future sme f the time, as I believe the data shws, then 55 this ability is as imprtant as cutting-edge science.
41. A. unfamiliar B. tugh C. harmless D. ridiculus
42. A. cincidence B. resistance C. innvatin D. distractin
43. A. mystery B. evidence C. falsehdD. inncence
44. A. alter B. define C. find D. use
45. A. histrical B. strange C. mistaken D. true
46. A. extrardinary B. inevitable C. alarmingD. disappinting
47. A. askB. guess C. recall D. learn
48. A. figures B. methdsC.dds D. scres
49. A Hwever B. OtherwiseC. Meanwhile D. Cnsequently
50. A. active B. calm C.silentD. alert
51. A. serve any purpse B. take any advantage C. make any prgress D. win any supprt
52. A. inquiries B. decisins C. dnatins D. cmparisns
53. A. ruin B. imprveC. affect D. maintain
54. A. expense B. risk C. effrtD. wait
55. A. prvingB. challenging C. limitingD. understanding
答案：41-45 CABDD 46-50 ABCCB 51-55.ABCCD
41.C解析]harmless 無害的 根據(jù)文中 Or have yu experienced a sudden feeling f unease r danger even thugh yu're in a(n) harmless situatin?或者你是否經(jīng)歷過有一種突然的即使你處在一個(gè)無害的環(huán)境中也會(huì)有不安或者危險(xiǎn)的感覺?？芍xC。
42.A[解析] cincidence 巧合 根據(jù) If yu dn't believe in it, yu'll put it dwn t cincidence and n veractive imaginatin.如果你不相信，你就會(huì)把它歸為一個(gè)巧合和過度的想象?？芍x A。
43.B[解析] evidence 證據(jù) But sme peple believe it is evidence that there is a sixth sense beynd smell,taste,tuch, hearing and sight. 但有些人認(rèn)為有證據(jù)表明在嗅覺、味覺、觸覺、聽覺和視覺之外還有第六感。
44.D[解析]use 利用 根據(jù)文中 Nw,scientists are carrying ut experiments nt nly t prve that it exists, but als t find ut hw yu can use it t yur advantage句意;現(xiàn)在，科學(xué)家們正在進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，不僅是為了證明它的存在，更是是為了找出你如何利用它。故選 D.
45.D[解析] true 真的 Dean Radin, a researcher in Califrnia, has set up the Bundary Institute in Ls Alts and is currently using its website t recruit (招募)4,000 peple in 57 cuntries t find ut if there are any true instances f sixth sense ras he calls it,“precgnitin”-the ability t predict utcmes.加州研究員迪恩雷丁在洛斯阿爾托斯設(shè)立了邊界研究所，目前正在利用其網(wǎng)站在 57 個(gè)國家招募 4000 人，以確定是否存在第六感或他所稱的“預(yù)先認(rèn)知”的實(shí)例-預(yù)測結(jié)果的能力。
46.A[解析]extrardinary 不尋常的 The results s far are extrardinary.到目前為止的結(jié)果是不尋常的。
47. B[解析] guess 猜測 In a card test, where yu have t guess which f the five cards n a cmputer screen will be turned ver t reveal a picture, the tp scrers hit the right card 48% f the time-the dds f this happening are 2,669 t l.在一張卡測試中，你要猜電腦屏幕上五張卡片中的哪一個(gè)將被翻轉(zhuǎn)以顯示一張圖片，排名前列的排是 48%的時(shí)間，發(fā)生的賠率是 2669 比1。
48.C[解析]dd 作為形容詞為“怪異的;奇數(shù)的”含義而dds 作為名詞有“可能性;逆境;投注賠率”的意思，這里意思為“賠率”。句子中表示意思為這種賠率的發(fā)生為 2669 比1。
49.C[解析] meanwhile 同時(shí) 由文中 Meanwhile, Radin's mst famus study invlves participants lking at a variety f images that are designed t stimulate a specific respnses.句意:與此同時(shí)，Radin 最著名的研究包括了參與者觀察各和為了刺激特定反應(yīng)的圖像， 可知選 C。
50.B[解析]calm 冷靜根據(jù)文中 Radin has fund that ne in six peple has a rise in aruse befre they see the rad accident-type pictures, while remaining calm befre the tree-type pictures.根據(jù) Radin 發(fā)現(xiàn)，六分之一的人在看到道路交通事故類型的照片之前就有了上升，而在樹型照片之前保持平靜。
51.A[解析]serve any purpse 服務(wù)于任何目的 根據(jù)文中 But even if yu d accept that a sixth sense exists, the questin is, des it actually serve any purpse? 即使你按受了第六感存在，但問題是，它實(shí)際上是否服務(wù)于某種目的?故選 A。
52.B[解析] decisins 取決于 Radin says it des.“the future f ur civilizatin depends n decisins that are being made nw, whether it's abut hw we farm ur fd, hw we get rid f ur waste r whether we allw chemicals t be included in everyday prducts.拉丁說:“我們文明的未來取決于現(xiàn)在正在作出的決定，不管是關(guān)于我們?nèi)绾畏N植我們的食物，我們?nèi)绾翁幚砦覀兊膹U物，還是我們是否允許化學(xué)物質(zhì)包括在日常用品中。
53.C[解析]affect 影響。 根據(jù)文中 We dn't have answers t these imprtant questins; yet what we decide n will affect ur lives fr decades r lnger. 句意: 我們沒有這些重要問題的答案，但我們的決定將影響我們的生活幾十年或更長時(shí)間。
54. C[解斯]effrt 努力。 Anything we can d t imprve ur ability t predict future events is well wrth the effrt,” he says他說:“我們?yōu)樘岣哳A(yù)測未來事件的能力所能做的任何事情都是值得的、
55. D [解析] understanding 理解。根據(jù)文章“If it turns ut that sme peple can genuinely frecast the future sme f the time, as I believe the data shws, then understanding thin ability is a imprtant as cutting-edge science,，句意：“如果像我相信的數(shù)據(jù)所顯示的服樣，有些人有時(shí)真的可以限測未來，那么理解這種能力就像尖端科學(xué)一樣重要?！?br>模擬練習(xí)（一）
Reading Cmprehensin (21 – 35題，每題1分；36 – 50題，每題2分；共45分)
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
（2023·上?！ど虾Ｊ袕?fù)興高級(jí)中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測）Human beings have smehw managed t engineer the night t receive us by filling it with light. This kind f cntrl is n different frm the feat ( 壯 舉 ) f damming a river. Its benefits cme with 21 — called light pllutin — whse effects scientists are nly nw beginning t study. Light pllutin is largely the result f bad lighting design. 22 lighting washes ut the darkness f night, altering light levels and light rhythms t which many frms f life, including urselves, have 23 . Wherever man-made light spills int the natural wrld, sme aspects f life-migratin, reprductin, feeding-is affected.
Fr mst human histry, the phrase “l(fā)ight pllutin” wuld have 24 . Imagine walking twards Lndn n a mnlit night arund 1800, when it was Earth’s mst ppulus city. Nearly a millin peple lived there, 25 candles, trches and lanterns, as they always had. Only a few huses were lit by gas, and there wuld be n public gaslights in the streets r squares fr anther seven years. Frm a few miles away, yu wuld have been mre likely t 26 Lndn than t see its dim cllective glw.
We’ve lit up the night as if it were a(n) 27 cuntry. As a matter f fact, amng mammals (哺乳動(dòng)物) alne, the number f species active at night is astnishing. Light is a pwerful bilgical frce, and n many species it acts as a magnet attracting them t it. The effect is s pwerful that scientists speak f sngbirds and seabirds being 28 by searchlights n land r by the light frm gas flares n marine il platfrms, circling and circling in the thusands until they drp.
It was nce thught that light pllutin nly affected astrnmers, wh need t see the night sky in all its glrius clarity. Unlike astrnmers, mst f us may nt need a 29 view f the night sky fr ur wrk. 30 , like mst ther creatures, we d need darkness. 31 darkness is pintless. It is as essential t maintaining ur bilgical welfare as 32 itself; the price f mdifying ur internal clckwrk means it desn’t perate as it shuld, causing varius physical discmfrts. S fundamental are the regular rhythms f waking and sleep t ur being that 33 them is similar t altering ur center f gravity.
In a very real sense, light pllutin causes us t 34 ur true place in the universe, t frget the scale f ur being, which is best 35 against the dimensins f a deep night with the Milky Way — the edge f ur galaxy — arching verhead.
21．A．cnsequencesB．a(chǎn)chievementsC．a(chǎn)greementsD．circumstances
22．A．Randmly-designed B．Well-designedC．Prly-designed D．Ecnmically-designed
23．A．a(chǎn)ppealedB．a(chǎn)daptedC．bjectedD．a(chǎn)munted
24．A．cme under criticism B．made n difference C．cme int effectD．made n sense
25．A．making d withB．fed up withC．identifying withD．verflwing with
26．A．visitB．greetC．feelD．smell
27．A．independentB．discnnectedC．unccupiedD．excluded
28．A．expsedB．capturedC．dismissedD．frustrated
29．A．clearB．cmprehensiveC．traditinalD．critical
30．A．SubsequentlyB．HweverC．TherefreD．Similarly
31．A．ReviewingB．EmbracingC．DenyingD．Regulating
32．A．lightB．rhythmC．statusD．dawn
33．A．emerging frmB．withdrawing frmC．messing withD．cinciding with
34．A．keep track fB．lse sight fC．catch hld fD．let g f
35．A．measuredB．neutralizedC．undergneD．supervised
【答案】
21．A 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．A 26．D 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．B 31．C 32．A 33．C 34．B 35．A
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了因?yàn)槿祟愓彰鲗?dǎo)致的光污染相關(guān)情況。
21．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它的好處伴隨著被稱為光污染的后果，科學(xué)家們現(xiàn)在才開始研究光污染的影響。A. cnsequences結(jié)果；B. achievements成就；C. agreement同意；D. circumstances情況。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ight pllutin (光污染)”可知，這是人類黑夜使用燈光造成的結(jié)果。故選A項(xiàng)。
22．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：拙劣設(shè)計(jì)的的照明消除夜晚的黑暗，改變包括我們?cè)趦?nèi)的許多生命形式所適應(yīng)的光線水平和光線節(jié)奏。A. Randmly-designed隨意設(shè)計(jì)的；B. Well-designed好好設(shè)計(jì)的；C. Prly-designed拙劣設(shè)計(jì)的；D. Ecnmically-designed經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠設(shè)計(jì)的。根據(jù)上文“Light pllutin is largely the result f bad lighting design. (光污染在很大程度上是不良照明設(shè)計(jì)的結(jié)果)”可知，本文探討的光污染與不良照明設(shè)計(jì)關(guān)系密切，即拙劣設(shè)計(jì)的照明。故選C項(xiàng)。
23．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：拙劣設(shè)計(jì)的的照明消除夜晚的黑暗，改變包括我們?cè)趦?nèi)的許多生命形式所適應(yīng)的光線水平和光線節(jié)奏。A. appealed呼吁；B. adapted使適應(yīng)；C. bjected反對(duì)；D. amunted共計(jì)。根據(jù)上文“altering light levels and light rhythms (改變光線水平和光線節(jié)奏)”可推測，發(fā)生改變的是大家習(xí)以為常的光線水平和節(jié)奏，而動(dòng)詞搭配adapt t意為“使適應(yīng)”，此處表示人們以及適應(yīng)的光線水平和節(jié)奏被改變，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。
24．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：對(duì)于大多數(shù)人類歷史而言，“光污染”這一短語毫無意義。A. cme under criticism遭受批評(píng)；B. made n difference沒區(qū)別；C. cme int effect生效；D. made n sense沒意義。根據(jù)下文“Imagine walking twards Lndn n a mnlit night arund 1800, when it was Earth’s mst ppulus city. (想象一下，大概在1800年，在一個(gè)月明的夜晚走向倫敦這個(gè)地球上人口最多的城市)”可知，人類歷史上很長一段時(shí)間大家并沒意識(shí)到光污染這件事情，因此“光污染”這一短語毫無意義。故選D項(xiàng)。
25．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：近一百萬人住在那里，像往常一樣，湊合著使用蠟燭、火把和燈籠。A. making d with湊合著用；B. fed up with使對(duì)……厭煩；C. identifying with認(rèn)同；D. verflwing with充滿。根據(jù)下文“Only a few huses were lit by gas (只有幾所房子被煤氣點(diǎn)亮)”可知，許多家庭無法使用煤氣燈，湊合使用蠟燭等照明。故選A項(xiàng)。
26．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在幾英里之外，你更可能聞到倫敦的味道，而不是看到它暗淡的集體光芒。A. visit參觀；B. greet打招呼；C. feel感受；D. smell聞。根據(jù)上文“candles, trches and lanterns (蠟燭、火把和燈籠)”和“gas (煤氣)”可知，這些照明方式有很重的氣味，可能先聞到氣味才能看見燈光。故選D項(xiàng)。
27．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們點(diǎn)亮了夜晚，仿佛這是一個(gè)無人居住的國家。A. independent獨(dú)立的；B. discnnected不連貫的；C. unccupied空置的；D. excluded排除在外的。根據(jù)下文“Light is a pwerful bilgical frce, and n many species it acts as a magnet attracting them t it. (光是一種強(qiáng)大的生物力，對(duì)許多物種來說，它就像一塊磁鐵，吸引著它們)”可知，因?yàn)檎彰鞯臒艄?，夜晚不再是原本意義上的夜晚，生物物種都被照明燈光吸引，不在身處黑夜，故可將這樣的夜晚比喻成沒有物種，空置的地方。故選C項(xiàng)。
28．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這種效應(yīng)是如此強(qiáng)大，以至于科學(xué)家們說，鳴禽和海鳥被陸地上的探照燈或海洋石油平臺(tái)上的廢氣燃燒器所捕獲，數(shù)千只在空中盤旋，直到墜落。A. expsed暴露；B. captured捕獲；C. dismissed解雇；D. frustrated使受挫。根據(jù)上文“Light is a pwerful bilgical frce, and n many species it acts as a magnet attracting them t it. (光是一種強(qiáng)大的生物力，對(duì)許多物種來說，它就像一塊磁鐵，吸引著它們)”可知，這些鳴禽海鳥被陸地上的探照燈或海洋石油平臺(tái)上的廢氣燃燒器產(chǎn)生的燈光吸引，最終掉落，可以比喻為被捕獲。故選B項(xiàng)。
29．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：與天文學(xué)家不同，我們大多數(shù)人的工作可能不需要清晰的夜空。A. clear清楚的；B. cmprehensive全面的；C. traditinal傳統(tǒng)的；D. critical批評(píng)的。根據(jù)上文“It was nce thught that light pllutin nly affected astrnmers, wh need t see the night sky in all its glrius clarity. (曾經(jīng)有人認(rèn)為光污染只會(huì)影響天文學(xué)家，他們需要看到夜空的明亮)”可知，此處把天文學(xué)家和大多數(shù)普通人作對(duì)比，天文學(xué)家需要清晰的夜空，而普通人不需要。故選A項(xiàng)。
30．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，和大多數(shù)生物一樣，我們的確需要黑暗。A. Subsequently隨后；B. Hwever然而；C. Therefre因此；D. Similarly相似地。根據(jù)上文“Unlike astrnmers, mst f us may nt need a clear view f the night sky fr ur wrk. (與天文學(xué)家不同，我們大多數(shù)人的工作可能不需要清晰的夜空)”可知，這與下文“我們的確需要黑暗”形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選B項(xiàng)。
31．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：否認(rèn)黑暗是無意義的。A. Reviewing復(fù)習(xí)；B. Embracing擁抱；C. Denying否認(rèn)；D. Regulating調(diào)節(jié)。根據(jù)下文“It is as essential t maintaining ur bilgical welfare as light itself (它對(duì)維持我們的生物福利和光本身一樣重要)”可知，此處it指代的“黑暗”本身對(duì)我們生物而言很重要，和光線一樣必不可少，因此我們不能否認(rèn)它。故選C項(xiàng)。
32．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它就像光本身一樣，對(duì)維持我們的生物福利至關(guān)重要；改變我們體內(nèi)生物鐘的代價(jià)意味著它不能正常工作，導(dǎo)致各種身體不適。A. light光；B. rhythm節(jié)奏；C. status身份；D. dawn黎明。根據(jù)上文“Denying darkness is pintless. (否認(rèn)黑暗是無意義的)”可知，前后兩句在對(duì)比黑暗和光線，二者一樣重要，空格處應(yīng)該填light“光”。故選A項(xiàng)。
33．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：清醒和睡眠的規(guī)律對(duì)我們來說是如此的基本，以至于打亂它們就像改變我們的重心。A. emerging frm來自；B. withdrawing frm從……中退出；C. messing with打亂；D. cinciding with與……一致。根據(jù)上文“the price f mdifying ur internal clckwrk means it desn’t perate as it shuld, causing varius physical discmfrts. (修改我們內(nèi)部時(shí)鐘的代價(jià)意味著它不能正常工作，導(dǎo)致各種身體不適)”可知，修改內(nèi)部時(shí)鐘即意味著打亂清醒和睡眠的節(jié)奏。故選C項(xiàng)。
34．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：從某種非常實(shí)際的意義上來說，光污染使我們看不到我們?cè)谟钪嬷械恼鎸?shí)位置，忘記了我們?nèi)祟惔嬖诘囊?guī)模，而衡量人類位置和規(guī)模的最佳對(duì)照就是懸拱于頭頂、處在星系邊緣的銀河所在的幽深夜空。A. keep track f了解……的動(dòng)態(tài)；B. lse sight f看不見；C. catch hld f抓住；D. let g f放開。根據(jù)下文“ur true place in the universe (我們?cè)谟钪嬷械恼鎸?shí)位置)”可知，位置是需要用眼睛看的，而光污染使我們看不清天空，故也看不見我們?cè)谟钪嬷械奈恢谩９蔬xB項(xiàng)。
35．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：從某種非常實(shí)際的意義上來說，光污染使我們看不到我們?cè)谟钪嬷械恼鎸?shí)位置，忘記了我們?nèi)祟惔嬖诘囊?guī)模，而衡量人類位置和規(guī)模的最佳對(duì)照就是懸拱于頭頂、處在星系邊緣的銀河所在的幽深夜空。A. measured衡量；B. neutralized使無效；C. undergne經(jīng)受；D. supervised監(jiān)督。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)ight pllutin causes us t lse sight f ur true place in the universe, t frget the scale f ur being (光污染使我們看不到我們?cè)谟钪嬷械恼鎸?shí)位置，忘記了我們?nèi)祟惔嬖诘囊?guī)模)”可知，此處所提到的“我們?cè)谟钪嬷械恼鎸?shí)位置”以及“我們?nèi)祟惔嬖诘囊?guī)?！倍际俏覀儜?yīng)該清楚的東西，而清楚的方式就是用黑夜來進(jìn)行對(duì)比，詞組measure against意為“使相比較，衡量”符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。
模擬練習(xí)（二）
Reading Cmprehensin (21 – 35題，每題1分；36 – 50題，每題2分；共45分)
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
（2023·上海·上海市民辦文綺中學(xué)?？既＃㏕he teenage years f an individual is marked by evaluating ne’s values, experiencing a shift in utlks, and a tendency t act rebellius. It can als be a time when smene becmes extremely 21 t negative influences, and is drawn twards dangerus situatins. On the ther hand, fr parents, the perid f their children’s adlescence means regularly wrrying abut their safety and frmatin as a citizen. Thus, a methd f 22 teenagers’ security is needed, and curfews(宵禁)are ften seen as such a measure, since they have prved their 23 . At the same time, certain peculiarities exist abut establishing curfews fr children.
The issue f teenage curfews is widely debated in the United States, where this methd is still rather 24 , and in Eurpean demcracies, where this measure is yet nt s widely used. The first and fremst reasn fr establishing curfews is children’s security. 25 curfews require teenagers under 17 years t stay ut f streets starting frm 11 p. m. r midnight. This is believed t prtect them frm crimes cmmitted after nightfall, as well as frm breaking the law, and there exists serius evidence 26 this belief. Fr example, when New Orleans enabled a dusk-till-dawn curfew in 1994, the rates f juvenile crime were reprted t fall mre than 20 percent. Even mre impressive 27 were recrded in Dallas, which reprted a 30-percent decrease in vilent juvenile crime, and a 21-percent decrease in the verall rates f crimes cmmitted by yung peple(The New Yrk Times).
On the ther hand, curfews can be seen as a preventive measure that rb yung peple f their rights, 28 their freedm. This pinin is particularly supprted by the fact that curfew vilatins and the respective charges are amng the mst ften cmmitted juvenile crimes in the United States. 29 , there were reprts claiming that plice arrested mre nn-white teenagers fr curfew vilatins.
All this can cause a teenager t believe they have crssed a psychlgical line dividing them as 30 ; thus, such teenagers may start t see themselves as utlaws, which can 31 cmmitting mre serius crimes than a curfew ffense.
What is imprtant fr a parent t remember when establishing a curfew fr their children is that a teenager’s misjudged view f certain 32 may cause them t misbehave in sme ther way; this is prved by research cnducted by the University f Minnesta, accrding t which teens tend t prtest against what they see as 33 . Cnsidering this, parents shuld 34 the authritarian style f establishing curfews; instead, they shuld have a cnversatin with their teenager that wuld be aimed at finding ideal cnditins fr a curfew that wuld 35 bth sides.
21．A．ppsedB．subjectedC．relatedD．restricted
22．A．imprvingB．restringC．ensuringD．expanding
23．A．principleB．referenceC．a(chǎn)pprachD．efficiency
24．A．ppularB．a(chǎn)bsentC．practicalD．a(chǎn)ccessible
25．A．TypicalB．EvidentC．CriticalD．Specific
26．A．in place fB．in hnr fC．in case fD．in favr f
27．A．resultsB．eventsC．patternsD．links
28．A．prtectingB．a(chǎn)cknwledgingC．limitingD．liberating
29．A．By cntrastB．In additinC．In cnclusinD．In general
30．A．winnersB．criminalsC．victimsD．prtectrs
31．A．take charge fB．cntribute tC．result frmD．deal with
32．A．rulesB．chargesC．crimesD．relatins
33．A．impliteB．unrealisticC．inadequateD．unfair
34．A．a(chǎn)dptB．a(chǎn)llwC．a(chǎn)vidD．a(chǎn)ddress
35．A．satisfyB．spareC．surrundD．settle
【答案】
21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．A 26．D 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．B 31．B 32．A 33．D 34．C 35．A
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。為了確保青少年的安全，美國對(duì)青少年實(shí)行了宵禁。宵禁降低了強(qiáng)少年的犯罪率，非常有效，但是在一定程度上限制了青少年的自由和權(quán)利。本文對(duì)宵禁這以舉措的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了論述。
21．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這也可能是一個(gè)人變得非常受到負(fù)面影響的時(shí)候，并被危險(xiǎn)的情況所吸引。A. ppsed反對(duì)；B. subjected使經(jīng)受；C. related聯(lián)系；D. restricted限制。由下文“and is drawn twards dangerus situatins”可知，被危險(xiǎn)的情況所吸引，自然容易受到負(fù)面影響，be subjected t固定搭配，意為“遭受；受……影響”。故選B。
22．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，需要一種確保青少年安全的方法，宵禁往往被視為這樣一種措施，因?yàn)樗鼈円呀?jīng)證明了自己的有效性。A. imprving提高；B. restring恢復(fù)；C. ensuring確保；D. expanding擴(kuò)大。由下文“teenagers’ security is needed, and curfews(宵禁)are ften seen as such a measure”可知，為了確保青少年安全的方法而采取了宵禁這種措施，故選C。
23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：需要一種確保青少年安全的方法，宵禁往往被視為這樣一種措施，因?yàn)樗鼈円呀?jīng)證明了自己的有效性。A. principle原則；B. reference參考；C. apprach方法；D. efficiency效率；成效。由上文“curfews(宵禁)are ften seen as such a measure, since they have prved their”可知，采取宵禁這種措施，是因?yàn)檫@種措施很有效，故選D。
24．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：青少年宵禁的問題在美國引起了廣泛的爭論，在美國，這種方法仍然相當(dāng)流行，而在歐洲民主國家，這種措施還沒有得到廣泛使用。A. ppular有名的；流行的；B. absent缺席的；C. practical實(shí)用的；D. accessible可接近的。由上文“The issue f teenage curfews is widely debated in the United States,”可知，青少年宵禁的問題在美國引起了廣泛的爭論，這說明在美國，這種方法很流行，故選A。
25．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：典型的宵禁要求17歲以下的青少年從晚上11點(diǎn)或午夜開始不得上街。A. Typical典型的；B. Evident顯然的；C. Critical批評(píng)的；D. Specific具體的。由下文“curfews require teenagers under 17 years t stay ut f streets starting frm 11 p. m. r midnight.”可知，此處列舉典型例子具體介紹了宵禁的要求，故選A。
26．考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：這被認(rèn)為可以保護(hù)他們免受夜幕降臨后的罪行，以及免受違法行為的傷害，并且有確鑿的證據(jù)支持這一觀點(diǎn)。A. in place f代替；B. in hnr f為了紀(jì)念；C. in case f 以防；D. in favr f支持。由下文“ Fr example, when New Orleans enabled a dusk-till-dawn curfew in 1994, the rates f juvenile crime were reprted t fall mre than 20 percent.(例如，當(dāng)新奧爾良在1994年實(shí)行從黃昏到黎明的宵禁時(shí)，據(jù)報(bào)道青少年犯罪率下降了20% 以上。)”可知，此處舉例子來支持宵禁是有效的這一觀點(diǎn)，故選D。
27．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：達(dá)拉斯的結(jié)果更令人印象深刻，報(bào)告顯示青少年暴力犯罪率下降了30% ，青少年犯罪率整體下降了21%（紐約時(shí)報(bào)）。A. results結(jié)果；B. events事件；C. patterns類型；D. links聯(lián)結(jié)。由下文“which reprted a 30-percent decrease in vilent juvenile crime, and a 21-percent decrease in the verall rates f crimes cmmitted by yung peple(The New Yrk Times).”可知，報(bào)告顯示青少年暴力犯罪率下降了30%，青少年犯罪率整體下降了21%，這是達(dá)拉斯的調(diào)查結(jié)果，故選A。
28．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：另一方面，宵禁可被視為一種預(yù)防性措施，剝奪了年輕人的權(quán)利，限制了他們的自由。A. prtecting保護(hù)；B. acknwledging承認(rèn)；C. limiting限制；D. liberating解放。由上文“On the ther hand, curfews can be seen as a preventive measure that rb yung peple f their rights”可知，有些人認(rèn)為宵禁限制了他們的自由，故選C。
29．考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：此外，有報(bào)道稱，警方以違反宵禁為由逮捕了更多的非白人青少年。A. By cntrast相比之下；B. In additin此外；C. In cnclusin總之；D. In general一般地。上文描述了宵禁限制了年輕人的自由這一缺點(diǎn)，此處描寫了宵禁的另一缺點(diǎn)——警方以違反宵禁為由逮捕了更多的非白人青少年，由此可知，空前句子和空后句子是并列關(guān)系，此處應(yīng)用in additin，表示“此外”，故選B。
30．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所有這些都可能導(dǎo)致青少年認(rèn)為他們已經(jīng)越過了將他們劃分為罪犯的心理防線；因此，這些青少年可能開始將自己視為不法之徒，這可能導(dǎo)致犯下比宵禁更嚴(yán)重的罪行。A. winners獲勝者；B. criminals罪犯；C. victims受害者；D. prtectrs保護(hù)者。由下文“thus, such teenagers may start t see themselves as utlaws,”可知，所有這些都可能導(dǎo)致青少年認(rèn)為他們已經(jīng)越過了將他們劃分為罪犯的心理防線，因此，這些青少年可能開始將自己視為不法之徒，故選B。
31．考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：所有這些都可能導(dǎo)致青少年認(rèn)為他們已經(jīng)越過了將他們劃分為罪犯的心理防線；因此，這些青少年可能開始將自己視為不法之徒，這可能導(dǎo)致犯下比宵禁更嚴(yán)重的罪行。A. take charge f 控制；B. cntribute t有助于；促使；C. result frm由……導(dǎo)致；D. deal with解決。由上文“thus, such teenagers may start t see themselves as utlaws”可知，這些青少年可能開始將自己視為不法之徒，這促使他們犯下比宵禁更嚴(yán)重的罪行。故選B。
32．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在為孩子設(shè)立宵禁時(shí)，父母需要記住的重要一點(diǎn)是，青少年對(duì)某些規(guī)定的錯(cuò)誤看法可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致他們?cè)谄渌矫嫘袨椴欢?，明尼蘇達(dá)大學(xué)進(jìn)行的研究證明了這一點(diǎn)，根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究，青少年傾向于抗議他們認(rèn)為不公平的行為。A. rules規(guī)則；B. charges收費(fèi)；C. crimes犯罪；D. relatins關(guān)系。由上文“when establishing a curfew fr their children is that a teenager’s misjudged view f certain”可知，此處指宵禁的一些規(guī)定，故選A。
33．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在為孩子設(shè)立宵禁時(shí)，父母需要記住的重要一點(diǎn)是，青少年對(duì)某些規(guī)定的錯(cuò)誤看法可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致他們?cè)谄渌矫嫘袨椴欢?，明尼蘇達(dá)大學(xué)進(jìn)行的研究證明了這一點(diǎn)，根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究，青少年傾向于抗議他們認(rèn)為不公平的行為。A. implite不禮貌的；B. unrealistic不現(xiàn)實(shí)的；C. inadequate不足的；D. unfair不公平的。由上文“teens tend t prtest against what they see as”可知，青少年會(huì)對(duì)他們認(rèn)為不公平的行為而抗議，故選D。
34．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：考慮到這一點(diǎn)，父母應(yīng)該避免建立宵禁的獨(dú)裁風(fēng)格；相反，他們應(yīng)該與孩子進(jìn)行對(duì)話，旨在為宵禁尋找雙方都滿意的理想條件。A. adpt采取；B. allw允許；C. avid避免；D. address解決。由下文“the authritarian style f establishing curfews; instead”可知，父母應(yīng)該避免建立宵禁的獨(dú)裁風(fēng)格，故選C。
35．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：考慮到這一點(diǎn)，父母應(yīng)該避免建立宵禁的獨(dú)裁風(fēng)格；相反，他們應(yīng)該與孩子進(jìn)行對(duì)話，旨在為宵禁尋找雙方都滿意的理想條件。A. satisfy使?jié)M意；B. spare抽出，留出；C. surrund圍繞；D. settle定居；解決。由上文“they shuld have a cnversatin with their teenager that wuld be aimed at finding ideal cnditins fr a curfew that wuld ”和下文“bth sides”可知，父母應(yīng)該與孩子進(jìn)行對(duì)話，旨在為宵禁尋找雙方都滿意的理想條件。故選A。
B. Rather
C. Mrever
D.Besides
42.A. childhd
B.neighbrhd
C.adlescents
D.adulthd
B. ends
C. decreases
D.changes
44.A. minrities
B.majrities
C.masses
D.amunts
B. aviding
C.sending
D. missing

B.envied
C.relieved
D. realized
B. surrundings
C. custms
D.habits
48.A. wrng
B.same
C. ppsite
D.similar
B. issue
C.case
D. ccasin
B. questins
C.benefits
D. diseases
B.delicately
C.seriusly
D. cnsiderably
51.A. slwer
B.better
C.smaller
D. faster
B. related
C.rganized
D.educated
54.A. implement
B.pstpnement
C.achievement
D.payment
55.A. cause
B.impact
C.fact
D.result
B.universal
C.uncnscius
D.unique
B.curses
C.cmpanies
D.aspects
B.behavir
C.emtin
D.habit
B.lad
C. stress
D.distribute
B.deliberately
C. equally
D.happily
46.Scene
B.Object
C.Culture
D.Trend
47.A. prductivity
B.benefit
C.interest
D.survey
B.business
C.thickness
D.fairness
B.thughts
C.lives
D.emtins
B.majr
C.small
D.imprtant
a wrd
B.in additin
C.by cntrast
D.what’s mre
B.delighted
C.satisfied
D.same
B.smiling
C.equaling
D.sharing
B.judging
C.balancing
D.experiencing
B.imaginary
C.innvative
D.lgic

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這是一份(新高考)2020年高考真題和模擬題英語分類訓(xùn)練專題04 從句(2份打包，解析版+原卷版)，文件包含新高考2020年高考真題和模擬題英語分類訓(xùn)練專題04從句解析版doc、新高考2020年高考真題和模擬題英語分類訓(xùn)練專題04從句原卷版doc等2份試卷配套教學(xué)資源，其中試卷共11頁， 歡迎下載使用。

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