
Yu are interested in English.It is better t give than t receive.
He is swimming in the river.What I like best is swimming.
兩組動(dòng)詞有什么區(qū)別呢?
1.We can sing this sng came back t Shenyang has learnt 2000 English are playing n the will rain tmrrw mrning.
1. T say is ne thing and t d is anther.2. I want t study English well.3. Lking after ld men is my jb. 4. D yu knw the by lying there? 5. I saw her mther beaten by a man.
在句中是否獨(dú)立用作謂語,可把動(dòng)詞分為謂語動(dòng)詞和非謂語動(dòng)詞兩種。
分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞)
一、動(dòng)詞不定式的基本形式
He wanted t sit dwn.? ???Let him sit dwn.??????????????
二、不定式的基本用法
動(dòng)詞不定式雖然是動(dòng)詞的一種形式,但是它卻具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的功能,因此在句中可以用作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語(賓補(bǔ))、定語、狀語等。
He began t read and write after lunch.
1.用作賓語 (v. + t d )
need t d learn t d agree t d plan t d decide t d refuse t dwish t d start t d try t dfrget t d remember t d like t dstp t d g n t d
I want t buy a cmputer.
She hpes t find a better jb.
2. 用作賓語補(bǔ)足語:(v. + sb. + t d )
Edisn’s mther taught him t read and write.
want sb t dwish sb t d get sb t drder sb t d find sb t be like sb t d wuld like sb t d help sb t d
She asked me t help her.
The teacher tld him t cme n time.
作賓語補(bǔ)足語不帶t 的情況:
常見動(dòng)詞有: 使役動(dòng)詞: let, make, have 感官動(dòng)詞: see, watch, hear, feel, listen t
Let me d it.I saw him crss the street.
比較: I heard her singing in the next rm. I heard her sing in the next rm.
He came t shw me his new CD player.I went there t see my teacher. She came back t get her English bk.The by was t frightened t mve.
1.T be here at Christmas time is my dream.
2.T g abrad is his dream.
3.T say is easy, t d is difficult.
(這時(shí)可將其用形式主語it來替換)
It is my dream t be here at Christmas time.
It is his dream t g abrad.
It is easy t say, it is difficult t d.
His wrk is t feed the animals.
Her jb is t lk after the patients.
翻譯:我的夢(mèng)想是成為一名科學(xué)家。
My dream is t be a scientist.
Give me smething t drink.
I have tw bks t read.
They have much fd t eat.
(這時(shí)不定式與被修飾詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。)
He asked fr a rm t live in.
I dn’t have a pen t write with.
The ice is hard enugh t skate n.
He bught a ty t play with.
若是不及物動(dòng)詞,介詞不能省略。
7.疑問詞wh, what, which, where, when, hw加t d可構(gòu)成不定式短語,在句中可用作主語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、表語等。
When t start has nt been decided.
I dn’t knw what t d.
He can tell yu where t get the bk.
The questin is wh(m) t ask.
找出句子中的不定式,并說出作用:
It takes yu ten minutes t get there.I hpe t see him sn.His wish is t becme an artist.Peple eat t live, but nt live t eat.I have a lt t tell yu.It’s nt right t be always thinking f neself.We ften see him play ftball.
二、動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)名詞短語具有名詞的功能,在句中可用作多種名詞性成分。
⑴ 用作主語: 跟不定式一樣,動(dòng)名詞作主語時(shí)常位于句末,而在其原來的位置用it作形式主語。例如:
⑵ 用作表語: 動(dòng)名詞用作表語表示主語是什么,而不是主語的性質(zhì)或特征如何。例如:My greatest pleasure is traveling. One f his bad habits is biting nails.
⑶ 用作動(dòng)詞賓語: 只能接動(dòng)名詞而不能接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有: enjy, finish, keep, mind, miss, practise等等。 例如: She enjys ging t the cinema. He keeps making the same mistakes. D yu mind my smking here?
⑸ 用作定語:動(dòng)名詞作定語時(shí)不帶附加成分,通常前置,表示該名詞所表示的事物的用途。如果用“fr+動(dòng)名詞”,則應(yīng)后置。例如:a swimming pl? a teaching building
⑷ 用作介詞賓語: 與介詞一起用作狀語等,也可用在部分形容詞后。例如:After finishing my wrk, I tk a shrt rest. They drve int twn withut talking t each ther. All the students are sure f passing the examinatin.
= a pl fr swimming? = a building fr teaching?
三、分詞有現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞兩種?! ‖F(xiàn)在分詞由“動(dòng)詞原形+-ing”構(gòu)成(如:ask → asking, study → studying, live → living, stp → stpping)。現(xiàn)在分詞短語具有形容詞和副詞的作用,在句中可用作多種句子成分。
過去分詞的構(gòu)成有兩種:規(guī)則的變化由“動(dòng)詞原形+-ed”構(gòu)成(如:ask → asked, live → lived, study → studied, stp → stpped)。
⑴ 用作定語:a sleeping by? = a by wh is sleeping ?the rising sun? = the sun that is rising ?He is a yung man with pleasing manner. ?The rm was full f peple waiting fr the headmaster. ?We need mre trained nurses. ?Things seen frm behind seem a little different. ?
如果是短語,則為后置定語,其作用相當(dāng)于定語從句,現(xiàn)在分詞表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)行為,過去分詞則表示被動(dòng)的行為。
如果是單詞,則為前置定語,現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的行為,過去分詞表示性質(zhì)或行為所造成的結(jié)果狀態(tài);
⑵ 用作表語: 分詞用作表語時(shí),已經(jīng)完全形容詞化了,可以被very, rather等副詞修飾,而且可以有比較等級(jí)。例如:The stry f his life sunds (very) interesting. ?That was the mst exciting film f the year.
This cup is brken. Hw abut that ne? ? The cup was brken by my brther. ?
⑶ 用作賓語補(bǔ)足語: 分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí),用于表示感覺、致使的動(dòng)詞,如:see, watch, hear, feel, smell, ntice, find; have, get, leave, keep等。
例如:I saw him talking with the dctr. ?He kept the machine running fr ten hurs. ?We have never seen the muntain cvered in snw.
1.??The teacher tld us _______ (nt g) anywhere withut his permissin.2.??We were made ______(make) s many paper flwers fr the party that day.3.??Yur wrds made every ne f us ____?(get) even angrier.4.??Did yu enjy _______?(wrk) with us here?5.??When they kicked anther gal, we all shuted, “Well _____(d)!”6.??Nthing will stp us frm ______?(make) things better and better.7.??A mirrr is used fr ______(lk) at yurself.8.??When I gt t the entrance f the hall, I saw sme yung kids ______?(smke) there.
用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)非謂語形式填空:
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