
?選擇性必修第二冊(cè)練習(xí)
Unit 1 Growing up
Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ 單句語(yǔ)法填空
1.The little boy hoped to win his parents’ (approve) of buy a new bike.?
2.The traffic policeman (charge) the driver with speeding and fined him 300 yuan.?
3.A lot of parents make the (assume) that scores are the most important factors as for school performance..?
4.It is unclear who will win the next (elect).?
5.The return of the missing boys (instant) became a heated topic on social platforms.?
6.Eating a balanced diet (contribute) to good health.?
7.The small house is not really (suit) for such a large family.?
8.The company’s (commit) to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success.?
Ⅱ.選詞填空
as soon as; take responsibility for; have a say; in charge of; worry about; step into; grow up
1. The Special and the Ordinary shares the unusual story of two young people as they come of age and
the future.?
2. Meng Wanzhou got off the plane, the Chinese cheered with excitement.?
3.I dream to become a doctor when I .?
4.After the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, people all in the affairs of their state.?
5.As an adult, I need to my actions.?
6.I’m too busy enjoying my life now to the future!?
7.The man the meeting asked the people present to sit close together and listen carefully.?
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.您將與管理辦公室簽訂初步租賃協(xié)議并支付押金。
You will sign a preliminary rental agreement with the management office and .?
2.那個(gè)年輕人為了給新老板留下好印象而努力表現(xiàn)自己。
That young man tries to behave well in order to the new boss.?
3.我們應(yīng)更意識(shí)到技術(shù)應(yīng)用在教育中的重要性。
We should of technology’s uses in education.?
4.對(duì)工作方式做一些小的改變會(huì)比較容易。
It’s quite easy to make quite small changes to you work.?
5.在中國(guó),所有18歲以上的成年人都有選舉權(quán)。
All adults above 18 in China.?
6.孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)在除夕夜會(huì)因?yàn)榕d奮而很難入睡。
The children fall asleep on Spring Festival Eve because of excitement.?
IV閱讀理解
1.
Growing pains and gains
It's not easy to grow up. Actually it's far from easy. Growing up can be a real "pain" for some of us. We are always doing things that someone else makes us do and aren't allowed to do all the things we like. Sometimes we feel trapped, sometimes we are fearful, and sometimes we just don't understand why we can't stay young forever. When we look back on all the hardships in life with a positive attitude (態(tài)度), we realize that all of our growing pains actually turn into growing gains!
As a young girl my parents forced my sisters and me to do so many things that I never liked. They made me learn to play the violin and then the piano. At that time I hated music, just because it was what they wanted me to do. But looking back now, I am so glad that my parents encouraged me to take music lessons. Music has enriched my life in so many ways. I realize that my parents and teachers were always pushing me along, not because they wanted me to suffer but because they wanted me to succeed in life. They've always wanted me to have a better life than they did themselves.
Every moment of our lives we are either living or dying, so live life to its fullest! We are all going to experience growing pains, but they are just small pains in life. They might seem so huge at the time but we must be strong. Think about how we would feel if we had no fear and live life like that. The future is ours! A little hard work and sweat never hurt anyone! If we realize that these pains are just small bumps (凸塊) on our road to success we will realize that our growing pains are actually growing gains!
(1)According to Paragraph 1, we learn that when we are young,???????? .
A.life is full of joy
B.life is easy for us
C.we know we can stay young forever
D.we sometimes can't do things we like
(2)When the author was young, she was forced by her parents to??????? .
A.take music lessons
B.turn gains into pains
C.look back on hardships
D.live a successful life by suffering a lot
(3)What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.Growing pains are necessary for us to grow up.
B.We all have to experience growing pains.
C.A little hard work and sweat are harmful to us.
D.Life without fear is a better choice for us.
2.
"We give our girls the power (力量) to believe in themselves, go to college, and become tomorrow's leaders," says Felicia Gibson Jaycox, the founder (創(chuàng)立者) and chief executive officer of The Power of You Teens (POYT). The organization is based in Harlem, a historic African-American neighborhood in New York City.
Founded in 2014, POYT offers educational chances and positive role models for teenage girls growing up in Harlem. These "Power Girls" take part in dance, summer camp, and STEAM education (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics), among other programs. The purpose, according to the group, is to empower teenage girls to help them "dream big and to inspire them to achieve the most that they are capable of."
POYT held its sixth yearly Empowerment Event in the fall of 2019 in New York City. The theme of "Girl Boss" encouraged girls to show their inner boss spirit. Miss Teen USA Kaliegh Garris was the keynote speaker.
Kaliegh said that she and other beauty competition winners are helping to reshape traditional images of beauty and showing that women of color are not just beautiful — they also are driven, wise women whom little girls can look up to.
I asked Ashley McFarlin Buie, POYT co-director, what inspired founder and CEO Felicia Gibson to start the organization. Gibson saw the plight that girls of color are in. For some historical reasons, many girls of color are growing up in terrible neighborhoods. They seldom see people like themselves showed positively in movies, books, TV shows, and other media.
"Powerful girls grow up to be dependable and confident women, preparing for their futures as creative leaders," Buie said. POYT centers on saving the mind, body, and spirit of Black girls through love and support, she added.
What do the girls get out of the group? "We offer chances," Buie said, "to break barriers (屏障)."
(1)What do we know about POYT?
A.It is run by teenage girls.
B.It was started about 6 years ago.
C.It provides services all around America.
D.It was first started in African-American neighborhoods.
(2)What did the 2019 Empowerment Event mainly want to do?
A.Speak for women of color.
B.Change people's traditional ideas of beauty.
C.Call on girls to be positive role models.
D.Encourage girls to go into business in the future.
(3)What does the underlined word "plight" in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A.Sad feeling.
B.Difficult task.
C.Bad situation.
D.Uncertain future.
(4)What is the best title for this text ?
A.Dream big
B.Power Girls
C.Teenage Power
D.Breaking barriers
3.
Amy Zhang, aged 1, knows her parents have been pushing her to get her driver's license. Yet the college senior has no intention of getting it. A driver's license always struck her as a symbol that she was growing up. "I want to have independence and be an adult. But I didn't want to leave my childhood behind." she says. Contrary to the popular belief in the 1980s that a driver's license was a marker of independence, Zhang's viewpoint is increasingly common. When it comes to becoming an adult, more American adolescents now say "Don't rush me".
Many educators and parents view this slowdown with concern. They see a generation of young people growing up ill-prepared for life. Teachers say more students seem unable to function without their parents. And parents realize their 20-year-old hardly know how to do the laundry, and seems uninterested in driving anywhere.
But other researchers argue that the change in youth behavior reflects a reasonable adaptation to a culture and society changed from former generations. Instead of simply growing up more slowly, they are redefining what it means to transform into an adult. It is natural that people would start to grow up "slower".
Some researchers have noticed something more fundamental—a change in the definition of adulthood itself. For many young people today, becoming an adult has less to do with external markers—the house, the marriage, the job—than with how they feel internally. It's the acceptance of oneself, making independent decisions, and financial independence. Kelly Williams says in her best-selling book, "These individual actions add up to a generation that is different."
Members of this age group today tend to make decisions about work, education, parenthood with care, and when they are ready. They are more politically active, engage in more volunteer work and more connected globally than former generations. Indeed, many of the decisions young people make today are less about adulthood than about the world they are inheriting.
(1)What can be concluded from Amy Zhang's case?
A.More American adolescents lack a broader vision.
B.American adolescents seem in no hurry to be an adult.
C.More young people don't accept American car culture.
D.American parents are too strict with their children.
(2)What challenge are the young Americans facing according to Para 2?
A.Failing to express their concerns timely.
B.Losing curiosity about the world.
C.Lacking essential daily skills.
D.Being tired of traditional education.
(3)What's the new marker of adulthood in some researchers' view?
A.How a person feels inside.
B.A happy marriage.
C.A successful and highly-paid job.
D.How much property they own.
(4)What's the best title for the passage?
A.Where the new generation is to go?
B.How Americans interpret adulthood?
C.What helps youth be independent?
D.Why adolescents say “Don't rush me"?
4.
??? Happy birthday! Do birthdays really make people happy? Of course they do. Birthdays celebrate the day we were born. Besides, that extra candle on the cake suggests another year of growth and maturity (成熟)— or so we hope. We all like to imagine that we're getting wiser and not just older. Most of us enjoy seeing the miracle(奇跡) of growth in others, as well. For instance, seeing our children develop and learn new things makes us feel proud. For Americans, like people in most cultures, growing up is a wonderful process(過(guò)程). But growing old? That's a different story.
??? Growing old is not exactly pleasant for people in youth-oriented(以年輕人為中心) American culture. Most Americans like to look young,act young and feel young. As the old saying goes, "You're as young as you feel." Older people joke about how many years young they are, rather than how many years old. People in some countries value the aged as a source of experience and wisdom. But Americans seem to favor those that are young, or at least "young at heart."
??? Many older Americans find the "golden years" to be anything but golden. Economically, "senior citizens" often struggle just to get by. Retirement(退休) at age 65 brings a sharp decrease in personal income. Social security(安全) benefits usually cannot make up the difference. Older people may suffer from poor nutrition(營(yíng)養(yǎng)), medical care and housing. Some even experience age discrimination. In 1987, American sociologist Pat Moore dressed up like an older person and wandered city streets. She was often treated rudely — even cheated and robbed. However, dressed as a young person, she received much more respect.
??? Unfortunately, the elderly population in America is increasing fast. Why? People are living longer. Fewer babies are being born. And middle-aged "baby boomers" are rapidly entering the groups of the elderly. America may soon be a place where wrinkles(皺紋) are "in". Marketing experts are already noticing this growing group of consumers.
(1)Growing up is a wonderful thing because ___________.
A.people can celebrate their birthdays
B.people can become more mature and wiser
C.people can receive many presents
D.people will feel younger at heart
(2)We can infer from the second paragraph that _______.
A.young people lack experience and wisdom
B.American older people often joke about their old age
C.American culture is very young
D.different countries have different opinions on the old age
(3)The underlined sentence (in Paragraph 3) means "_____."
A.The golden years can make the old earn lots of money and receive good medical care
B.The old people in America are leading a hard life without good nutrition, medical care or housing
C.The old in America have to retire at the age of 65
D.American social security benefits are not good
(4)From the last paragraph we know that the underlined word "in" can be replaced by _____.
A.serious
B.bad
C.disappearing slowly
D.growing fast
V. 任務(wù)型閱讀
You're growing up. That means you're probably experiencing lots of changes, all at once. Your body is changing. It might even seem as if your entire self is changing. It can be confusing and even scary. 44.??????. And it's good!
Growing up means that you can do more, learn more, and start to make your mark on the world. In order for that to happen, your body produces chemicals called hormones that help both body and mind grow. Hormone levels change constantly, rising and falling.
45.??????. But it's partly to blame for intense emotions, surprising reactions, and mood swings.
Because of the way your brain develops, it is somewhat ruled by emotion now and through your teen years. As a result, growing up can seem like an emotional roller coaster!
46.??????
Take care of yourself. If you eat right, sleep enough, and get good exercise, your brain will be much more able to deal with the stress.
47.??????. When you feel your moods swinging or you're upset, or confused, some quiet time will allow you to gather your thoughts and get calmer.
Practice relaxing your body and take a deep breath when you wake up and when you go to bed. 48.??????. Plus, when stuff happens during the day, you'll be able to calm yourself quickly with a deep breath or two before you react. Your body is changing.
A. Work out regularly to keep physically fit.
B. Take a time-out.
C. But the truth is, it happens to every teen.
D. It will help you fall asleep—and start the morning right.
E. Here are a few things you can do to make the ride smoother.
F. This changing is needed for your body's development.
G. Usually, these feelings settle down when you realize what is going on.
VI. 完形填空
閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的 A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Parents have special eyesight. We ???55??? our children get smarter and taller and stronger, and we dream they may someday ???56??? the world. But some part of our eyes and hearts will always see them as ???57??? we once held, children whose small hands once reached for ours.
My wife and I have recently ???58????some things around in our apartment. This happens at the same time both our daughters have ???59???, one from eighth grade, the other from high school. I think we have taken some kind of ???60????of them almost every day of their lives.
But when we are ???61??? some photographs, we find most of these photos are from the first years of their ???62???.They show our daughters as little girls ???63??? beloved pets, riding the shoulders of aunts and uncles, and dancing and laughing ???64??? at ball games.
We also have more ???65??? photos of our daughters, looking ???66???, and...so grown-up. And I am worried if keeping so many photos ???67??? when they were little might ???68??? them that way in our minds. Would the pictures somehow keep us from ???69??? how our daughters have grown, and will soon grow away from us?
I've discovered that as parents, we don't really have ???70??? in the back of our heads. But we do have a special and ???71??? view of our children. We see them as all ages at once. We look at them through a lens(鏡頭)of ???72???.Whatever they go on to be,we always see through to their ???73???, their fears and dreams and their goodness. We grow older. Our children grow up. We ???74??? together.
55. A. feel
B. make
C. watch
D. believe
56. A. impress
B. control
C. face
D. explore
57. A. students
B. babies
C. teenagers
D. adults
58. A. moved
B. taken
C. showed
D. seen
59. A. graduations
B. examinations
C. challenges
D. competitions
60. A. note
B. picture
C. care
D. record
61. A. picking up
B. throwing away
C. sorting through
D. handing out
62. A. lives
B. schools
C. rooms
D. parties
63. A. tapping
B. hugging
C. hunting
D. shaking
64. A. eagerfully
B. carefully
C. tearfully
D. cheerfully
65. A. original
B. outdated
C. recent
D. fashionable
66. A. confident
B. curious
C. naughty
D. hesitant
67. A. on sale
B. on purpose
C. on schedule
D. on display
68. A. impact
B. freeze
C. change
D. improve
69. A. admitting
B. judging
C. appreciating
D. imagining
70. A. minds
B. hearts
C. ears
D. eyes
71. A. general
B. distinct
C. current
D. popular
72. A. knowledge
B. awareness
C. memories
D. performances
73. A. achievements
B. shortcomings
C. consequences
D. beginnings
74. A. live
B. work
C. play
D. grow
VII. 語(yǔ)法填空
.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
It's not easy to grow up. In fact, it's far from easy. ________?(grow) up can be a real "pain" for some of us. We are always doing things that someone else ________?(make) us do and aren't allowed to do all the things ________?we like. Sometimes we feel ________?(trap), sometimes we are fearful, and sometimes we just don't understand why we can't stay young forever. When we look back on all the ________?(hardship) in life with a positive attitude, we realize that all of our growing pains ________?(actual) turn into growing gains!
As a young girl, my parents forced my sisters and me ________?(do) so many things that I never liked. They made me learn to play the violin and then the piano. At that time I hated music, just________?it was what they wanted me to do. But looking back now, I am so glad that my parents encouraged me to take music lessons. Music has enriched my life ________?so many ways. I realize that they've always wanted me to have ________?better life than they did themselves.
VIII. 改錯(cuò)題
假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。 文中共有 10 處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。 每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。
注意:1)每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞。
2)只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。
Growing up is not a very enjoyable time. As for me, from my childhood, my parents made me learn to play violin so I had no time to play with other friend. I hated music, just because it was that they wanted me to do. Sometimes felt in puzzled and trapped. I even didn't understand why I was a child.
Now look back, I am so glad that my parents encouraged me take music lessons. I come to realize my parents are always pushing me along. Everybody are to experience growing pains, which are just smaller pains in life. A little hard work and sweat never hurt us. If we realized these pains are just small blocks on our road to success, we will realize our growing pains are actual growing gains.
參考答案
I
1.
2. approval
3. charged
4. assumption
5. election
6. instantly
7. contributes
8. suitable
9. commitment
II
1. step into
2. As soon as
3. grow up
4. have a say
5. take responsibility for
6. worry about
7. in charge of
III.
1. pay the deposit
2. make a good impression on
3. feel more aware of the importance
4. the way that
5. have the right to vote
6. find it hard to
IV
1.【答案】 (1)D
(2)A
(3)A
【解析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文,作者從自身的角度向我們講述了成長(zhǎng)中的一些煩惱,并告訴我們,如果我們意識(shí)到這些煩惱只是人生成功道路上的小障礙,它們就會(huì)變成收獲。
(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“We are always doing things that someone else makes us do and aren't allowed to do all the things we like.”我們總是在做別人讓我們做的事情,他們不允許我們做所有我們喜歡做的事情??芍?,小時(shí)候,有時(shí)我們不能做自己喜歡的事情。故選D。
(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“At that time I hated music, just because it was what they wanted me to do.及But looking back now, I am so glad that my parents encouraged me to take music lessons.”那時(shí)候我討厭音樂(lè),只是因?yàn)槟鞘撬麄兿胱屛易龅?。但是現(xiàn)在回想起來(lái),我很高興我的父母鼓勵(lì)我上音樂(lè)課。可推知,作者小時(shí)候,她的父母強(qiáng)迫她上音樂(lè)課。故選A。
(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“The future is ours! A little hard work and sweat never hurt anyone! If we realize that these pains are just small bumps (凸塊) on our road to success we will realize that our growing pains are actually growing gains!”未來(lái)是我們的!一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的努力和汗水不會(huì)傷害任何人!如果我們意識(shí)到這些痛苦只是小疙瘩,在我們的成功之路,我們會(huì)意識(shí)到我們的成長(zhǎng)的痛苦實(shí)際上是不斷增長(zhǎng)的收益!可知,成長(zhǎng)中的煩惱是我們成功路上的一些小小的絆腳石,它們終將成為我們成長(zhǎng)中的收獲,因此這些煩惱對(duì)我們的成長(zhǎng)是很有必要的。故選A。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查,是一篇人生感悟類(lèi)閱讀,考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息,并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理,從而選出正確答案。
2.【答案】 (1)B
(2)D
(3)C
(4)B
【解析】本文是一篇記敘文,一個(gè)名為POYT(Power of You Teens)的組織,該組織為青少年女孩提供受教育的機(jī)會(huì)和積極的道德引導(dǎo),旨在將她們培養(yǎng)成自信、值得信賴的女性。
(1)根據(jù)第二段中的“Founded in 2014, POYT offers educational chances and positive role models for teenage girls growing up in Harlem.”P(pán)OYT這個(gè)組織建立于2014年,大約六年前,故選B。
(2)根據(jù)第三段中的“POYT held its sixth yearly Empowerment Event in the fall of 2019 in New York City. The theme of ‘Girl Boss’ encouraged girls to show their inner boss spirit.”P(pán)OYT舉行第六屆授權(quán)活動(dòng),其主題是“Girl Boss”,目的就是鼓勵(lì)女孩們展現(xiàn)內(nèi)在的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)(老板)精神,也就是鼓勵(lì)她們參與商業(yè),故選D。
(3)根據(jù)第五段中的“For some historical reasons, many girls of color are growing up in terrible neighborhoods. They seldom see people like themselves showed positively in movies, books, TV shows, and other media.”由于一些歷史原因,許多有色人種的女孩在惡劣的環(huán)境中長(zhǎng)大。她們很少在電影、書(shū)籍、電視節(jié)目和其他媒體中看到像自己這樣的人的正面形象。可知,這里在解釋創(chuàng)始人創(chuàng)建POYT的原因,劃線詞所在句之后給出的都可以看作是有色女孩面臨的困境,如成長(zhǎng)環(huán)境差等,plight一詞所指的應(yīng)該就是“困境、困難”。故選C。
(4)根據(jù)第二段中的“The purpose, according to the group, is to empower teenage girls to help them ‘dream big and to inspire them to achieve the most that they are capable of.’”據(jù)該組織稱(chēng),此舉的目的是幫助十幾歲的女孩“擁有遠(yuǎn)大的夢(mèng)想,并激勵(lì)她們實(shí)現(xiàn)自己最大的能力”。可知,文章圍繞POYT這一組織,講述了他們培養(yǎng)青少年女孩使她們敢于逐夢(mèng)、做到想做的事情,即培養(yǎng)出powerful girls,故選B。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解,詞義猜測(cè),推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查,是一篇故事類(lèi)閱讀,要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進(jìn)行分析,推理,概括和歸納,從而選出正確答案。
3.【答案】 (1)B
(2)C
(3)A
(4)D
【解析】本文是一篇議論文。通過(guò)Amy Zhang不想學(xué)駕照,不想離開(kāi)童年的例子說(shuō)明越來(lái)越多的美國(guó)青少年不急著長(zhǎng)大。文章分析了這種現(xiàn)象的原因,人們對(duì)此現(xiàn)象的不同觀點(diǎn)及現(xiàn)在年輕人觀念的改變。
(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“'I want to have independence and be an adult. But I didn't want to leave my childhood behind. 'she says. Contrary to the popular belief in the 1980s that a driver's license was a marker of independence, Zhang's viewpoint is increasingly common. When it comes to becoming an adult, more American adolescents now say 'Don't rush me'. “可知Amy Zhang不想學(xué)駕照,不想離開(kāi)童年。這種觀點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越普遍,更多的美國(guó)青少年不讓家長(zhǎng)催著長(zhǎng)大。從這一例子可判斷出美國(guó)的青少年似乎并不急于成為成年人,故選B。
(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的”They see a generation of young people growing up ill-prepared for life."年輕一代在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中對(duì)生活準(zhǔn)備不足。下文列舉了越來(lái)越多的學(xué)生似乎無(wú)法在沒(méi)有父母的情況下正常學(xué)習(xí),20歲的孩子幾乎不知道如何洗衣服,對(duì)開(kāi)車(chē)去任何地方都不感興趣等現(xiàn)象,這些都說(shuō)明年輕一代缺乏必要的日常技能,故選C。
(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“For many young people today, becoming an adult has less to do with external markers—the house, the marriage, the job—than with how they feel internally. It's the acceptance of oneself, making independent decisions, and financial independence.”對(duì)今天的許多年輕人來(lái)說(shuō),成為成年人與外界的因素(房子、婚姻、工作)關(guān)系不大,而與他們內(nèi)心的感受關(guān)系很大,長(zhǎng)大意味著接受自己,能做獨(dú)立的決定,并在經(jīng)濟(jì)上獨(dú)立。故選A。
(4)考查主旨大意。文章開(kāi)頭通過(guò)Amy Zhang不想學(xué)駕照,不想離開(kāi)童年的例子引出了more American adolescents now say “Don't rush me"現(xiàn)象,下文分析了其原因。Why adolescents say “Don't rush me"?概括了文章主旨,又能吸引讀者,適合作為標(biāo)題。故選D。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解,推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查,是一篇社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類(lèi)閱讀,要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進(jìn)行分析,推理,概括和歸納,從而選出正確答案。
?
4.【答案】 (1)B
(2)B
(3)D
(4)B
【解析】短文大意:本文主要講述了在美國(guó)是以年輕人為中心的文化,很多人都喜歡年輕的感覺(jué),變老會(huì)帶來(lái)很多的不便,但是美國(guó)的老人卻越來(lái)越多。
(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段that extra candle on the cake suggests another year of growth and maturity (成熟)— or so we hope. We all like to imagine that we're getting wiser and not just older可知成長(zhǎng)之所以讓人覺(jué)得很棒是因?yàn)樗屓俗兊酶映墒旌兔髦?,故選B。
(2)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Growing old is not exactly pleasant for people in youth-oriented(以年輕人為中心) American culture.和最后一句But Americans seem to favor those that are young, or at least "young at heart."可知美國(guó)老人不喜歡變老,喜歡年輕,故選B。
(3)推理判斷題。在第三段中有闡述:在美國(guó)golden years即老年階段,但并不那樣"黃金"。anything but意為"根本不,一點(diǎn)兒也不",而且根據(jù)后文他們的生活實(shí)際上很艱難,故選D。
(4)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段可知在美國(guó)變老會(huì)帶來(lái)很多不便之處,在最后一段中,作者談到在美國(guó)老齡化問(wèn)題越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重,皺紋(指老年人)肯定越來(lái)越多,而這種情況是不好的,故選B。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題和推理判斷題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題要注意從文中尋找答案;推理判斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文,推斷出需要的信息。
V. 任務(wù)型閱讀
【答案】 C;F;E;B;D
【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,作者通過(guò)這篇文章主要向我們描述了成長(zhǎng)意味著你的身體在變化,甚至看起來(lái)你的整個(gè)自我都在改變,它會(huì)讓人困惑甚至害怕,并且針對(duì)如何使成長(zhǎng)的旅程更加順利提出了一些建議。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查七選五,本文是一篇教育類(lèi)閱讀,要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,著重考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。
44.根據(jù)空前“It might even seem as if your entire self is changing. It can be confusing and even scar. ”你的身體在變化,甚至看起來(lái)你的整個(gè)自我都在改變,它會(huì)讓人困惑甚至害怕;以及空后“And it's good!”可知此處所填句子和前面所說(shuō)明的內(nèi)容在意義上存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,C. But the truth is, it happens to every teen.“但事實(shí)是,它發(fā)生在每一個(gè)青少年身上?!狈险Z(yǔ)境,故選C。
45.根據(jù)空前“In order for that to happen, your body produces chemicals called hormones that help both body and mind grow. Hormone levels change constantly, rising and falling. ”可知青春期里你的身體會(huì)產(chǎn)生一種叫做荷爾蒙的化學(xué)物質(zhì),這種物質(zhì)可以幫助身體和大腦發(fā)育。激素水平不斷變化,有升有降;以及空后“But it's partly to blame for intense emotions, surprising reactions, and mood swings”但荷爾蒙在一定程度上又是強(qiáng)烈的情緒、令人驚訝的反應(yīng)和情緒波動(dòng)的原因所在,所以在意義上承接上文與下文存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,F(xiàn). This changing is needed for your body's development.“這種變化是你身體發(fā)育所必需的。”符合語(yǔ)境,故選F。
46.根據(jù)空前“Because of the way your brain develops, it is somewhat ruled by emotion now and through your teen years. As a result, growing up can seem like an emotional roller coaster!”可知,因?yàn)槟愕拇竽X發(fā)展的方式,它在某種程度上是受情緒支配的,并且貫穿你的青少年時(shí)期。因此,成長(zhǎng)就像一輛情感過(guò)山車(chē)!再根據(jù)文章下面是提供的幾條讓你的成長(zhǎng)平穩(wěn)的建議,所以E總起下文,E. Here are a few things you can do to make the ride smoother.“這里有一些你可以做的事情,使你的成長(zhǎng)旅程更順利?!狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選E。
47.根據(jù)空后“When you feel your moods swinging or you're upset, or confused, some quiet time will allow you to gather your thoughts and get calmer. ”可知,當(dāng)你感覺(jué)你的情緒搖擺,或者你感到沮喪或困惑時(shí),給自己留一些安靜的時(shí)間會(huì)讓你鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái),所以暫停一下符合題意,與some quiet time相呼應(yīng),B. Take a time-out.“暫停一下”。符合語(yǔ)境,為本段的標(biāo)題。故選B。
48.根據(jù)空前“Practice relaxing your body and deep breathing when you wake up and when you go to bed”當(dāng)你醒來(lái),當(dāng)你去睡覺(jué)時(shí),練習(xí)放松你的身體,深呼吸。所以此段主要說(shuō)明起床和睡覺(jué)時(shí)練習(xí)放松身體,會(huì)有助于睡眠后第二天的早起,所以此處為順承關(guān)系句,D. It will help you fall asleep------and start the morning right.“它能幫助你入睡并且擁有一個(gè)良好的早晨?!狈险Z(yǔ)境,故選D。
VI. 完形填空
【答案】 55.C;56.A;57.B;58.A;59.A;60.B;61.C;62.A;63.B;64.D;65.C;66.A;67.D;68.B;69.C;70.D;71.B;72.C;73.D;74.D;
【解析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文,父母總是關(guān)注孩子,看著他們的孩子變得更聰明、更高、更強(qiáng)壯,說(shuō)明父母總是能看懂孩子,無(wú)論是哪個(gè)年齡,并同他們一起成長(zhǎng)。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空,本題考點(diǎn)涉及動(dòng)詞,名詞,形容詞,副詞,固定短語(yǔ)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇人生感悟類(lèi)閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進(jìn)行分析推理,從而選出正確答案。
55.句意:父母有特殊的視力。我們看著我們的孩子變得更聰明、更高、更強(qiáng)壯,我們夢(mèng)想著有一天他們會(huì)給世界留下深刻的印象。A. feel“感覺(jué)”;B. make“使,讓”;C. watch“觀看”;D. believe“相信”。根據(jù)上文“Parents have special eyesight.”可知應(yīng)該是觀看符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。
56.句意:父母有特殊的視力。我們看著我們的孩子變得更聰明、更高、更強(qiáng)壯,我們夢(mèng)想著有一天他們會(huì)給世界留下深刻的印象。A. impress“留下印象”;B. control“控制”;??? C. face“面對(duì)”;D. explore“探索”。根據(jù)上文“We?? ?1? ? ??our children get smarter and taller and stronger”可知父母都是期待孩子變得越來(lái)越好,所以夢(mèng)想著有一天自己的孩子給世界留下深刻印象。故選A。
57.句意:但我們的眼睛和心靈的某些部分總是把他們看作我們?cè)?jīng)抱過(guò)的嬰兒,那些小手曾經(jīng)伸向我們的孩子。A. students“學(xué)生”;B. babies“嬰兒”;C. teenagers“青少年”;D. adults“成年人”。根據(jù)下文“we once held”可知我們?cè)?jīng)抱著的,那應(yīng)該是嬰兒。故選B。
58.句意:我妻子和我最近在公寓里搬出了些東西。A. moved“移動(dòng)”;B. taken“帶走”;C. showed“顯示”;D. seen“看見(jiàn)”。根據(jù)下文“But when we are? ? 7? ?? some photographs ”整理照片,可知是搬出了一些東西。故選A。
59.句意:這發(fā)生在我們兩個(gè)女兒都畢業(yè)的時(shí)候,一個(gè)是八年級(jí)的,一個(gè)是高中的。A. graduations“畢業(yè)”;B. examinations“考試”;C. challenges“挑戰(zhàn)”;D. competitions“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”。根據(jù)下文“one from eighth grade, the other from high school”,由此推斷是在畢業(yè)的時(shí)候。故選A。
60.句意:我想我們幾乎每天都在拍她們的照片。A. note“筆記”;B. picture“照片”;C. care“關(guān)心”;D. record“記錄”。根據(jù)下文“But when we are? ? 7? ? ? some photographs”可知說(shuō)的是拍照。故選B。
61.句意:但當(dāng)我們整理一些照片時(shí),我們發(fā)現(xiàn)大多數(shù)照片都是她們生命最初幾年的照片。A. picking up“撿起”;B. throwing away“扔掉”;C. sorting through“整理,分類(lèi)”;D. handing out“分發(fā)”。根據(jù)下文“we find most of these photos are from the first years of their ? ?8? ? ?.”可知是對(duì)照片進(jìn)行整理和分類(lèi)。故選C。
62.句意:但當(dāng)我們整理一些照片時(shí),我們發(fā)現(xiàn)大多數(shù)照片都是她們生命最初幾年的照片。A. lives“生命”;B. schools“學(xué)校”;C. rooms“房間”;D. parties“派對(duì)”。根據(jù)上文“the first years”可知是生命的最初幾年,也就是小時(shí)候。故選A。
63.句意:在這些照片中,我們的女兒像小女孩一樣擁抱著心愛(ài)的寵物,騎在叔叔阿姨的肩膀上,在球類(lèi)比賽中歡快地跳舞和大笑。A. tapping“輕拍”;B. hugging“擁抱”;C. hunting“追蹤”;D. shaking“搖動(dòng)”。根據(jù)下文“beloved pets”及常識(shí)可知,一般小時(shí)候照相都是抱著寵物。故選B。
64.句意:在這些照片中,我們的女兒像小女孩一樣擁抱著心愛(ài)的寵物,騎在叔叔阿姨的肩膀上,在球類(lèi)比賽中歡快地跳舞和大笑。A. eagerly“渴望地”;B. carefully“仔細(xì)地”;C. tearfully“流淚地”;D. cheerfully“歡樂(lè)地”。此處指開(kāi)心地大笑。故選D。
65.句意:我們還有更多女兒的近照,看起來(lái)很自信,還有……所以長(zhǎng)大了。A. original“原始的”;B. outdated“過(guò)時(shí)的”;C. recent“最近的”;D. fashionable“時(shí)尚的”。根據(jù)下文“and...so grown-up”可知是最近的照片。故選C。
66.句意:我們還有更多女兒的近照,看起來(lái)很自信,還有……所以長(zhǎng)大了。A. confident“自信的”;B. curious“好奇的”;C. naughty“頑皮的,淘氣的”;D. hesitant“猶豫的”。根據(jù)下文“and...so grown-up”可知孩子們長(zhǎng)大了,所以應(yīng)該是看起來(lái)更自信。故選A。
67.句意:我擔(dān)心,如果保留這么多小時(shí)候的照片,會(huì)不會(huì)讓它們?cè)谖覀兊哪X海里定格。A. on sale“出售”;B. on purpose“故意地”;C. on schedule“按計(jì)劃”;D. on display“展出”。根據(jù)上文“keeping so many photos”可知應(yīng)該是留著照片看。故選D。
68.句意:我擔(dān)心,如果保留這么多小時(shí)候的照片,會(huì)不會(huì)讓它們?cè)谖覀兊哪X海里定格。A. impact“對(duì)……影響”;B. freeze“凍結(jié)”;C. change“改變”;D. improve“改善”。根據(jù)下文“that way in our minds”,可知在我們的腦海里定格。故選B。
69.句意:這些照片會(huì)不會(huì)讓我們無(wú)法欣賞女兒們的成長(zhǎng),很快就會(huì)離我們而去? A. admitting“承認(rèn)”;B. judging“判斷”;C. appreciating“欣賞”;D. imagining“想象”。根據(jù)上文“And I am worried if keeping so many photos ? ? ?13? ?? when they were little might ? ?14? ? ? them that way in our minds.”,可知怕這些照片阻礙我們欣賞女兒們的成長(zhǎng)。故選C。
70.句意:我發(fā)現(xiàn),作為父母,我們的后腦勺上并沒(méi)有眼睛。A. minds“思想”;B. hearts“心靈”;C. ears“耳朵”;D. eyes“眼鏡”。根據(jù)下文“But we do have a special and? ?17? ? ? view of our children.”可知是眼睛。故選D。
71.句意:但我們對(duì)我們的孩子有一種特殊而獨(dú)特的看法。A. general“一般的”;B. distinct“不同的”;C. current“現(xiàn)在的”;D. popular“流行的”。根據(jù)上文的“special”,可知是特別的,獨(dú)特的。故選B。
72.句意:我們通過(guò)記憶的鏡頭來(lái)看待她們。A. knowledge“知識(shí)”;B. awareness“意識(shí)”;C. memories“記憶”;D. performances“表現(xiàn)”。根據(jù)上文“We see them as all ages at once.”可知是通過(guò)記憶的鏡頭來(lái)看她們。故選C。
73.句意:無(wú)論她們將來(lái)如何,我們總是能看穿她們的開(kāi)始,她們的恐懼,她們的夢(mèng)想和她們的善良。A. achievements“成就”;B. shortcomings“缺點(diǎn)”;C. consequences“結(jié)果”;D. beginnings“開(kāi)始”。根據(jù)上文“Whatever they go on to be”可知我們都能看穿她們的開(kāi)始,也就是父母都能看懂孩子。故選D。
74.句意:我們一起成長(zhǎng)。A. live“生活”;B. work“工作”;C. play“玩”;D. grow“成長(zhǎng)”。根據(jù)上文“We grow older. Our children grow up.”可知是grow的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D。
VII. 語(yǔ)法填空
.【答案】 Growing;makes;that;trapped;hardships;actually;to do;because;in;a
【解析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文,作者結(jié)合自己的親身經(jīng)歷告訴我們所有成長(zhǎng)的煩惱最終都會(huì)成為成長(zhǎng)的收獲。
(1)句意:對(duì)我們中的一些人來(lái)說(shuō),長(zhǎng)大是一種真正的“痛苦”。此處用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ),表示一種經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。故填Growing。
(2)句意:我們總是在做別人讓我們做的事情,而且我們不被允許做所有我們喜歡做的事情。在that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,又因?yàn)閺木涞闹髡Z(yǔ)是someone,全文的基本時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。故填makes。
(3)句意:我們總是在做別人讓我們做的事情,而且我們不被允許做所有我們喜歡做的事情。? ? ? ?we like是定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是all the things,從句中缺賓語(yǔ)。當(dāng)指物的先行詞由all修飾時(shí),定語(yǔ)從句只能由that引導(dǎo)。故填that。
(4)句意:有時(shí)我們感到被困,有時(shí)我們感到恐懼,有時(shí)我們就是不明白為什么我們不能永遠(yuǎn)年輕。作系動(dòng)詞feel的表語(yǔ)用形容詞,trapped是過(guò)去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的形容詞,表示“被困的、陷入困境的”。故填trapped。
(5)句意:當(dāng)我們以一種積極的態(tài)度回顧生活中的種種艱辛?xí)r,我們才會(huì)意識(shí)到,所有成長(zhǎng)的煩惱實(shí)際上都變成了成長(zhǎng)的收獲!根據(jù)提示,hardship指的是前文提到的我們?cè)谏钪杏龅降姆N種困難,是可數(shù)名詞,前面有all修飾,故應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填hardships。
(6)句意:當(dāng)我們以一種積極的態(tài)度回顧生活中的種種艱辛?xí)r,我們才會(huì)意識(shí)到,所有成長(zhǎng)的煩惱實(shí)際上都變成了成長(zhǎng)的收獲!turn into是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,所以該空應(yīng)該用副詞形式作狀語(yǔ)。故填actually。
(7)句意:作為一個(gè)小女孩,我的父母強(qiáng)迫我和我的姐妹做了很多我不喜歡的事情。force sb. to do sth.固定短語(yǔ),“強(qiáng)迫某人做某事”,故填to do。
(8)句意:那時(shí)候我討厭音樂(lè),只是因?yàn)槟鞘撬麄兿胱屛易龅摹G鞍刖浜秃蟀刖涠际浅煞滞暾木渥?,但兩句之間缺少連詞;又根據(jù)前后的句意,可知,后半句在解釋前半句“我討厭音樂(lè)”的原因。故填because。
(9)句意:音樂(lè)在很多方面豐富了我的生活。in many ways“在很多方面”,故填in。
(10)句意:我意識(shí)到他們一直希望我過(guò)得比他們自己好。have a...life,固定短語(yǔ),“過(guò)一種……樣的生活”。故填a。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,時(shí)態(tài),主謂一致,定語(yǔ)從句,名詞,副詞,狀語(yǔ)從句,介詞以及冠詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇人生感悟類(lèi)閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。
VIII.【答案】 ①在violin前加the;②friend →friends;③that →what;④把felt后的in去掉;⑤look →looking;⑥在take前加to;⑦are →is;⑧smaller →small;⑨realized →realize;⑩actual →actually
【解析】本文是一篇記敘文,講述了成長(zhǎng)的痛苦。每個(gè)人都要經(jīng)歷成長(zhǎng)的痛苦,這只是生活中的小痛苦。如果我們意識(shí)到這些痛苦只是通往成功路上的小障礙,我們就會(huì)意識(shí)到成長(zhǎng)的痛苦其實(shí)是成長(zhǎng)的收獲。
①句意:至于我,從我童年開(kāi)始,我的父母就讓我學(xué)習(xí)拉小提琴,所以我沒(méi)有時(shí)間和其他朋友一起演奏。play the violin固定短語(yǔ),“拉小提琴”。故在violin前加the。
②形容詞other“其他的”,后面跟名詞復(fù)數(shù),故把friend改成friends。
③句意:這是他們想讓我做的。此處was后面是表語(yǔ)從句,從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞wanted缺少賓語(yǔ),由引導(dǎo)詞充當(dāng),但that只起引導(dǎo)作用,而what能其雙重作用,故that改成what。
④句意:我感到疑惑。此處feel是連系動(dòng)詞,意思是“覺(jué)得”,后面用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。故把felt后的in去掉。
⑤句意:現(xiàn)在回想起來(lái),我很高興我的父母鼓勵(lì)我上音樂(lè)課。此處句子主語(yǔ)I和look之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,是現(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故look改成looking。
⑥句意:現(xiàn)在回想起來(lái),我很高興我的父母鼓勵(lì)我上音樂(lè)課。encourage sb. to do sth.固定短語(yǔ),“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”,是動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故在take前加to。
⑦句意:每個(gè)人都要經(jīng)歷成長(zhǎng)的痛苦,這只是生活中的小痛苦。不定代詞Everybody作主語(yǔ),后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,故把a(bǔ)re改成is。
⑧句意:句意:每個(gè)人都要經(jīng)歷成長(zhǎng)的痛苦,這只是生活中的小痛苦。此處不存在比較,所以應(yīng)該用形容詞原級(jí),故smaller改成small。
⑨句意:如果我們意識(shí)到這些痛苦只是通往成功路上的小障礙,我們就會(huì)意識(shí)到成長(zhǎng)的痛苦其實(shí)是成長(zhǎng)的收獲。此處是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句,主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài),則從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),且主語(yǔ)是we,故realized改成realize。
⑩句意:如果我們意識(shí)到這些痛苦只是通往成功路上的小障礙,我們就會(huì)意識(shí)到成長(zhǎng)的痛苦其實(shí)是成長(zhǎng)的收獲。此處growing現(xiàn)在分詞,由副詞修飾。故actual改成actually。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及冠詞,名詞,表語(yǔ)從句,介詞,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,主謂一致,形容詞以及副詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇故事類(lèi)閱讀,覆蓋面廣,綜合性強(qiáng),難度較大,區(qū)分度高。
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