
?必過07 被動(dòng)語態(tài)
知識(shí)過關(guān)
考點(diǎn)一 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成(以do為例)
現(xiàn)在時(shí)
過去時(shí)
將來時(shí)
過去將來時(shí)
一般
is/am/are?done
was/were/done
will/shall?be?done
would/should
be?done
進(jìn)行
is/am/are?being?done
was/were?being?done
\
\
完成
have/has?been?done
had?been?done
will/shall?have?been?done
would/should?have?been?done
考點(diǎn)二 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法
1.不知道誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,或沒有必要指明誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。
—The window is dirty.
——窗戶臟了。
—I know.It hasn’t been cleaned for weeks.
——我知道。好幾周沒擦了。
2.需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者或事件本身。
All the employees except the manager are encouraged to work online at home.
除了經(jīng)理以外,所有的雇員都被鼓勵(lì)在家網(wǎng)上辦公。
特別提示 “get+過去分詞”也可以表示被動(dòng),此結(jié)構(gòu)比較口語化。
She got married last week.她上周結(jié)婚了。
The patient got treated once a week.
那位病人一周得到一次治療。
He fell off the car and got killed.
他從汽車上掉下來,摔死了。
3.被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊用法
(1)英語中有很多動(dòng)詞,如break, catch, clean, drive, look, open, sell, read, write, wash等,當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動(dòng)詞來描述主語特征時(shí),常用其主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義,主語通常是物;在這種情況下,常常和easily, well等副詞連用。
The sign reads as follows.這牌子告示如下。
The machine runs well.這種機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)良好。
(2)表示感受、感官的系動(dòng)詞feel, sound, taste, look等后跟形容詞、名詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu),無被動(dòng)形式。
Your reason sounds reasonable.
你的理由聽起來合理。
(3)在need, want, require, deserve, bear等動(dòng)詞、worth等形容詞的后面, 動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義,其含義相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。
The house needs repairing/to be repaired.
這所房子需要修理。
(4)在某些“主語(人/物)+be+形容詞+不定式”中不定式的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。這些形容詞有nice, easy, fit, hard, difficult, important, impossible, pleasant, interesting等。
The problem is difficult to work out.這道題很難計(jì)算出。(可看作to work out省略了for me)
(5)be to rent/blame也屬于主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。
Who is to blame for the mistake?
誰應(yīng)為這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤接受譴責(zé)?
“3招”巧解語法填空
1.掌握獨(dú)特的時(shí)間狀語標(biāo)志
(1)看到 always, often, seldom, sometimes, usually等要想到用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);
(2)看到y(tǒng)esterday, last night, a few days ago, the other day等要想到用一般過去時(shí);
(3)看到 tomorrow, next year等要想到用一般將來時(shí);
(4)看到now, at present等要想到用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);
(5)看到 at that time,then, at six o'clock yesterday等要想到用過去進(jìn)行時(shí);
(6)看到this time tomorrow, from 1 o'clock to 3 o'clock,tomorrow等要想到用將來進(jìn)行時(shí);
(7)看到since, so far, up to now, in the last/past few years等要想到用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);
(8)看到by/ until/ before/ by the end of+“表示過去的某時(shí)間”,要想到用過去完成時(shí)。
【思路點(diǎn)撥】
1. Last year, I (be) lucky enough to take part in an event called "Shanxi in the eyes of foreigners".【答案】was
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句首時(shí)間狀語“Last year”可知本句用一般過去時(shí),故填was。句意:去年,我有幸參加了一個(gè)名為“外國人眼中的山西”的活動(dòng)。
2. Its success is very encouraging in today's television world where reality shows (play) a leading part so far.
【答案】have played
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句尾時(shí)間狀語“so far”可知本句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故填have played。句意:它的成功在今天的電視世界中非常令人鼓舞,在那里真人秀節(jié)目到目前為止都處于領(lǐng)先地位。
3. Tom was shocked to realize that the two-month summer vacation (pass)before he knew it.
【答案】had passed
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句尾從句“before he knew it”可知本句用過去完成時(shí),故填had passed。句意:湯姆意識(shí)到這兩個(gè)月的暑假不知不覺就已經(jīng)過去了,感到很震驚。
4. The festival traditionally (begin) on the first day of the first month in the Chinese calendar and ends with Lantern Festival which is on the 1 5th day.
【答案】begins
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意“這個(gè)節(jié)日傳統(tǒng)上從在農(nóng)歷的第一個(gè)月的第一天開始,在第15天的元宵結(jié)束時(shí)結(jié)束?!笨芍揪湔f的是客觀事實(shí),故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),填begins。
5. The styles, rules, and regulations for Chinese poetry gradually (change) over the centuries until the time of the Tang Dynasty.
【答案】changed
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句尾時(shí)間狀語“until the time of the Tang Dynasty”可知本句用過去時(shí),故填changed。句意:幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來,中國詩歌的風(fēng)格和規(guī)則逐漸發(fā)生變化,直至唐代。
2.熟記句式,利用語境暗示
(1)be doing …when…,主句常用過去進(jìn)行時(shí),從句常用一般過去時(shí);
(2)It is/ has been+時(shí)間段+ since...表示“自從以來已經(jīng)…”主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句用
般過去時(shí);
(3)祈使句+and/or+陳述句,陳述句常用一般將來時(shí);
(4)有些題目在時(shí)間狀語和其他參照物都不明顯的情況下,正確理解語境也是解決時(shí)態(tài)問題的行之有效的方法。
6. One day I (read) a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman-Linda's married name.
【答案】was reading
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。本句考查了be doing sth when……結(jié)構(gòu)中的過去進(jìn)行時(shí),故填was reading。句意:有一天,當(dāng)我讀一份報(bào)紙時(shí)突然看到一張照片,照片上的一位年輕女子長得很像琳達(dá),她的姓是瓦格曼-琳達(dá)的已婚名字。
7. Take the chance, or you (regret) it.
【答案】will regret
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。本句考查“祈使句+and/or+陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu),期中陳述句常用一般將來時(shí),故填 will regret。
3.分清主動(dòng)被動(dòng),辦析語態(tài)
看到動(dòng)詞為及物動(dòng)詞,后面缺少賓語要想到用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
【思路點(diǎn)撥】
8. The song which (sing)on the stage now was just written by Albert, for whom being a famous musician is his forever dream.
【答案】is being sung
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意“現(xiàn)在舞臺(tái)上正在被演唱的那首歌是阿爾貝寫的,對(duì)他來說成為一名著名的音樂家是他永遠(yuǎn)的夢(mèng)想。”可知填正在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填is being sung。
9.It (report) that many people die of traffic accidents each year.
【答案】is reported
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。本句考查it's is reported that 結(jié)構(gòu),故填is reported。句意:據(jù)報(bào)道每年有很多人死于車禍。
10. According to the result of the inspection, they found that the insect contains a powerful drug, so local farmers (employ) to catch the insects.
【答案】were employed
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意“根據(jù)檢查結(jié)果,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這種昆蟲含有一種強(qiáng)力的藥物,因此當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民被雇用來捕捉這些昆蟲?!笨芍顆ere employed。
11. At the end of December, the library's old and classic books (put) online too, bringing borrowers a lot of convenience.
【答案】will be put
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意“到12月底,圖書館的舊書和經(jīng)典圖書也將被放到了網(wǎng)上,給借閱者帶來了很大的便利?!笨芍钜话銓頃r(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),故填will be put。
12. Facial recognition technology (extend ) into many areas of school life so far.
【答案】has been extended
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)本句結(jié)尾的時(shí)間狀語so far 可知本句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),再根據(jù)句意“到目前為止,面部識(shí)別技術(shù)已經(jīng)被擴(kuò)展到學(xué)校生活的許多領(lǐng)域?!笨芍揪湓撚帽粍?dòng)語態(tài),故填現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)has been extended。
一、單項(xiàng)選擇
1.Don’t worry. Your package _______ here until you come back, so enjoy shopping here.
A.will keep B.has kept C.will be kept D.has been kept
2.My sister bought a kind of cloth. This kind of cloth _______.
A.felt very soft B.feels very soft
C.is felt very soft D.feels very softly
3.In the past few years, important advances ______ in environmental science thanks to increasing computer power.
A.a(chǎn)re making B.have made C.a(chǎn)re being made D.have been made
4.These chairs may look good, but they’re very uncomfortable ______.
A.to sit on B.to be sat on C.sit on D.sitting on
5.It’s reported that many a shelter hospital ______ at present in Shanghai.
A.is being built B.was built C.a(chǎn)re being built D.have been built
6.Quantities of food ________the charity every year.
A.a(chǎn)re donated to B.is donated to C.a(chǎn)re donated D.donate to
7.It’s reported that many a house ________ by the typhoon, which struck the city last week.
A.was damaged B.were damaged C.has damaged D.have damaged
8.It is reported that a great many houses_______at present in the disaster area.
A.a(chǎn)re being built B.were built C.has built D.is being built
9.The spacecraft, Shenzhou 12 was planned to stay in space for a much longer time, serving for the next decade (十年). 句子中的謂語是?
A.stay B.serving C.was planned D.was
10.Meetings ________ in the company every two days and he is fed up with them.
A.hold B.a(chǎn)re held C.a(chǎn)re holding D.were held
11.My sister, as well as her classmates, _________ by Mr. Hunt.
A.praised B.a(chǎn)re praised C.was praised D.were praised
12.—How are you doing with the job hunting?
—I’m still hesitating whether to accept the position I ______ at the job fair.
A.had been offered B.was offered C.offered D.had offered
13.In the past many years, the giant panda ________ out of the lowland areas where it once lived as a result of farming, deforestation and other development.
A.had been driven B.has been driven C.had driven D.has driven
14.The school has 300 computers and three fourths of them __________ by Project Hope.
A.provides B.a(chǎn)re provided C.provide D.is provided
15.The flowers _________ sweet attract the visitors to the beauty of nature, which _________ in the botanic garden last year.
A.to smell; grew B.smell; were grown
C.smelling; were grown D.smelt; were growing
16.Our class ________ 55 lively boys and girls, and Mr. Yu is strict with each of us.
A.makes up B.is made up of C.is built up D.builds up
17.The basketball coach, as well as his team, ______ now for their outstanding performance during the match.
A.has been interviewed B.have been interviewed
C.is being interviewed D.a(chǎn)re being interviewed
18.I didn’t know a thing about the Clean Air Act that ______ in congress at that time.
A.was being debated B.was debated
C.had been debated D.debated
19.—Did you hear the noise downstairs this afternoon? What was that?
—Yes. I forgot to tell you. A new machine________then.
A.has tested B.had tested
C.was tested D.was being tested
20."Hug 2020"will invite fashion designers and photographers to take photos of ordinary people. Around 50 photos________ and exhibited to tell impressive stories of the year.
A.has selected B.will select
C.will be selected D.has been selected
二、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子
21.In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat __________(cut). (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
22.The panda ___________(take photos of) by the little girl. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
23.The law ___________(revise) to protect the rights of women and children better at the moment. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
24.The African elephants _______(protect) by the World Wildlife Fund. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
25.How many buildings _________(build) in the town at the moment? (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
26.The plan _________(carry out) by them in the reserve now. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
27.The plan ________(not carry) out well at present. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
28._______ the house _________(decorate) now? (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
29.The river and lakes in this area __________(pollute) by this factory now. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
30.What __________(discuss) now?(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
31.It is reported that these birds ____________(protect) at present in the area. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
32.The road is full of traffic jams. Can it_________(repair)? (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
33.I will go downstairs to have dinner. It _________(serve) now in the dining room. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
34.She_________(stir) by his sad story. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
35.Reference books must_________(remove)from the reading room. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
36.A common belief is one that is widely_________(share). (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
37.It is reported that the murderer ________ (arrest).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
38.The museum ________ (finish) so far, so it is still under construction. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
39.How many shopping centers ________ (build) in this city? (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
40.Despite the previous talks, no agreement ________ (reach) so far. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
41.The water in the river ________ (pollute), which makes it smell terrible. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
42.________ the windows ________ (clean)? (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
43.The bike in my family ________ (use) for 30 years. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
44.Many new buildings ________ (build) in Tangshan since 1976. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
45.A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles _______________ (injure) and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
46.Peking University was ________(establish) in 1898. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
47.I was________ (issue) a driving license after passing all the tests. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
48.This is often________ (appreciate) since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
49.It is________ (believe) that it is the earliest and largest ancient paper-making workshop site ever found in China. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
50.Lincoln________ (recognise) to be one of the greatest presidents in America. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
51.A number of students________ (attract) to the newly-opened book store since last week. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
52.Since his attention________ (focus) on the book, he ignored his partner. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
53.The 2022 Winter Olympic Games________(host) by China. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
54.The mountains are a wonderful sight when they________ (view) from the valley floor. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
55.Her hard work________ (recognise) by the company and she was rewarded with a pay rise. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
56.The house________ (rent) to an old couple last week.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
57.Up to now enough food and water ________ (deliver) to the disaster-hit area. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
58.The door was locked and they________(trap) in the building. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
59.The city which________(affect) by the flood last night is now in need of water supply. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
60.She________(rescue) from the burning building, but her leg was injured. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
61.The little child and her parents lived in a shelter because their house ________ (destroy) in the flood. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
62.Every possible means ________ (try) so far, and we find only________ this means is it possible to persuade him. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
63.Calligraphy________ (regard) as an art form, and I really enjoy it. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
64.The boy ________ (leave) alone in the big house last week. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
65.The house ________ (design) for the large family. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
66.Despite the different basis of their friendships, the qualities that boys and girls consider important in a friend ________(be) the same. A good friend should be there if he or she ________(need) and friendship means you will not be alone at any time. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
67.Besides, houses are unbelievably expensive in the UK, so many young people ________(force) to stay with their parents early on their careers. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
68.It’s been 14 years since customer services manager Anthony Gentles ________(inspire) to brighten up the “blank faces” of travelers with daily wisdom from his favorite book, Tao Te Ching.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
69.Once the registration form is received and _______(process), we will send a confirmation email within two business days. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
70.A fire drill will _______(conduct) in your residence hall every semester. (所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)
參考答案:
1.C
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:別擔(dān)心。您的包裹會(huì)一直保存到您回來,請(qǐng)?jiān)谶@里盡情購物。分析句子可知,空處缺少謂語,until引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,滿足“主將從現(xiàn)”原則,keep與package構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu),空處用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),用will be kept。故選C項(xiàng)。
2.B
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、形容詞和主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。句意:我姐姐買了一種布。這種布摸起來很柔軟。根據(jù)句意可知,表示布的性質(zhì)摸起來軟,用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng),性質(zhì)為客觀事實(shí),用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語cloth為不可數(shù)名詞,看作單數(shù),動(dòng)詞用feels,系動(dòng)詞feels后用形容詞soft作表語。故選B項(xiàng)。
3.D
【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意:在過去的幾年中,由于計(jì)算機(jī)能力的提高,環(huán)境科學(xué)取得了重要的進(jìn)展。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“In the past few years”可知應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),且主語important advances與動(dòng)詞make是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選D項(xiàng)。
4.A
【詳解】考查不定式。句意:這些椅子看起來不錯(cuò),但它們坐起來非常不舒服。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu),此處考查be +adj+to do,形容詞后的不定式作狀語,句子的主語是其邏輯賓語,不定式用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng),主語they可以執(zhí)行這個(gè)sit on動(dòng)作,故to sit on符合題意,故選A。
5.A
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:據(jù)報(bào)道,目前許多方艙醫(yī)院在上海正被蓋起來。many a +名詞的單數(shù)形式作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞使用單數(shù),故排除A、B項(xiàng),又從時(shí)間狀語 at present可得知與現(xiàn)在有關(guān),表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),且主語shelter hospital與謂語build是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用被動(dòng)語態(tài),故選A。
6.A
【詳解】考查語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:年有大量的食物被捐贈(zèng)給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。donate sth. to sb.捐贈(zèng)某物給某人,根據(jù)主語Quantities of food 可知,用被動(dòng)語態(tài),其被動(dòng)形式為 sth. be donated to sb. quantities of +名詞,在句中作主語時(shí),其謂語動(dòng)詞一律用復(fù)數(shù)。故選A。
7.A
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:據(jù)報(bào)道,上周襲擊這個(gè)城市的臺(tái)風(fēng)毀壞了許多房子。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語last week可知,用一般過去時(shí)。主語 many a house與damage之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。many a+名詞,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。故選A。
8.A
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:據(jù)報(bào)道,災(zāi)區(qū)目前正在建造許多房屋。由時(shí)間狀語at present可知此處動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,從句主語a great many houses與從句謂語動(dòng)詞build是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(am/is/are being done);a great many+名詞復(fù)數(shù)做主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選A項(xiàng)。
9.C
【詳解】考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)。句意:神舟12號(hào)宇宙飛船計(jì)劃在太空停留更長的時(shí)間,為未來十年服務(wù)。分析句子可知,句子是一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),主語是The spacecraft,Shenzhou 12是主語的同位語,was planned是謂語部分,in space for a much longer time是狀語,serving for the next decade是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語,動(dòng)詞不定式和現(xiàn)在分詞均屬于非謂語形式。故選C項(xiàng)。
10.B
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:公司每兩天開一次會(huì),他受夠了。 根據(jù)句子時(shí)間狀語“every two days”(每兩天)以及“and”后句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),所以此處也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);所選詞“hold”(舉辦)和句子主語“meetings”(會(huì)議)之間是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系。所以,此處要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選B項(xiàng)。
11.C
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:我姐姐和她的同學(xué)們都受到了亨特先生的表揚(yáng)。分析句子可知,praise(表揚(yáng))是句中謂語動(dòng)詞,與主語sister之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系;當(dāng)主語后有as well as,with,together with,in addition to等附加結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),適用就遠(yuǎn)原則,謂語動(dòng)詞與前面的主語My sister保持一致,用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。綜上,謂語應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài),單數(shù)形式。故選C項(xiàng)。
12.B
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:——你找工作找得怎么樣了?——我還在猶豫要不要接受招聘會(huì)上提供的那個(gè)職位。根據(jù)句意可知,“招聘會(huì)上提供的那個(gè)職位”描述過去發(fā)生的事情,用一般過去時(shí),動(dòng)詞offer和主語I之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選B項(xiàng)。
13.B
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:在過去的許多年里,由于農(nóng)業(yè)、森林砍伐和其他發(fā)展,大熊貓被趕出了曾經(jīng)生活過的低地。分析可知,空格處為謂語,動(dòng)詞drive和主語the giant panda之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,根據(jù)句意和時(shí)間狀語In the past many years,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選B項(xiàng)。
14.B
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:學(xué)校有300臺(tái)電腦,其中四分之三是由希望工程提供的。此處主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,結(jié)合上文has可知為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài);且主語為 three fourths of them,“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語作主語時(shí),其謂語動(dòng)詞形式要以of后面的名詞而定,them是復(fù)數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選B。
15.C
【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:這些花聞起來很香,吸引了游客去欣賞大自然的美景,這些花是去年在植物園里種植的。第一空,分析可知,此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞作后置定語,排除B項(xiàng);smell“聞起來”是系動(dòng)詞,沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài),不用過去分詞smelt表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義,排除D項(xiàng);動(dòng)詞不定式 to smell 表將來,不符合句意,排除A項(xiàng);所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞短語 smelling sweet 作為 flowers 的定語;第二空,動(dòng)詞grow“種植”和主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語last year,應(yīng)使用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài) were grown。故選C項(xiàng)。
16.B
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)和短語辨析。句意:我們班由55個(gè)活潑的男孩和女孩組成,于老師對(duì)我們每個(gè)人都很嚴(yán)格。make up構(gòu)成;編造;be made up of由……組成;build up增強(qiáng);逐步建立;be built up是build up的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)句意,“班級(jí)是由55個(gè)活潑的男孩和女孩組成”,用be made up of,主語class看做一個(gè)整體,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),故選B。
【點(diǎn)睛】
17.C
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)、主謂一致和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意:這位籃球教練和他的球隊(duì)正在接受采訪,因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)诒荣愔斜憩F(xiàn)出色。分析句意可知,根據(jù)句中now,謂語動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式;題干中主語the basketball coach后加as well as his team,謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)與the basketball coach保持一致;主語The basketball coach和動(dòng)詞interview之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式;綜上分析,該空應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的單數(shù)形式is being interviewed。故選C項(xiàng)。
18.A
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意:我不知道當(dāng)時(shí)正在議會(huì)被討論的清潔空氣法案。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知,這里考查定語從句“ that ______ in congress at that time”的謂語動(dòng)詞,時(shí)間狀語是“at that time”,所以要用過去進(jìn)行時(shí),主語是先行詞“the Clean Air Act”,和動(dòng)詞“debate”是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,并且be動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式was。故選A。
19.D
【詳解】考查謂語。句意:---你今天下午聽到樓下的噪音了嗎?那是什么?。?--是的。我忘了告訴你了。一臺(tái)新機(jī)器當(dāng)時(shí)正在被檢測。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知,時(shí)間狀語“then”表示“在那時(shí)”,主語“A new machine”和動(dòng)詞“test”是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以這里考查過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu),而且be動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故選D。
20.C
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:“擁抱2020”將會(huì)邀請(qǐng)時(shí)尚設(shè)計(jì)師和攝影師們給平凡人照相。大約50張照片將會(huì)被挑選出來并且展覽,去講述這一年里給人印象深刻的故事。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知,本句為一般將來時(shí),主語Around 50 photos與謂語select為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以這里考查一般將來時(shí)的謂語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。故選C。
21.has been cut
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:在我的家鄉(xiāng),麥子割完后,農(nóng)民們總會(huì)吃一頓豐收的晚餐。由句意可知,“割麥子”這一動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成了且對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響,所以要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),wheat是不可數(shù)名詞,謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。all the wheat和動(dòng)詞cut之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。所以答案為has been cut。
22.??is being taken photos of
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:熊貓正在被小女孩拍照。表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。主語The panda與take photos of 之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填is being taken photos of。
23.is being revised
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:目前正在修訂法律以更好地保護(hù)婦女和兒童的權(quán)利。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語 at the moment可知,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。主語The law 與revise之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。is being revised
24. are being protected
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:非洲象正受到世界野生動(dòng)物基金會(huì)的保護(hù)。根據(jù)句意,講述現(xiàn)階段存在的狀態(tài)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),主語The African elephants與謂語動(dòng)詞protect是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用被動(dòng)語態(tài),且主語是復(fù)數(shù),故填are being protected。
25.a(chǎn)re being built
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:目前鎮(zhèn)上正在建造多少幢大樓?主語buildings與謂語動(dòng)詞build構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,結(jié)合后文at the moment可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),主語復(fù)數(shù),謂語復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填are being built。
26.is being carried out
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:他們現(xiàn)在正在保護(hù)區(qū)執(zhí)行這個(gè)計(jì)劃。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語now可知,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。主語The plan與carry out之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)句意,故翻譯為is being carried out。
27.is not being carried
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:這個(gè)計(jì)劃目前執(zhí)行得不好。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語 at present可知,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。主語The plan與carry out之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填is not being carried。
28.???? Is???? being decorated
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:房子現(xiàn)在正在裝修嗎?根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語 now可知,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。主語the house 與decorate之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)句意,故填I(lǐng)s; being decorated。
29.a(chǎn)re being polluted
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:這個(gè)地區(qū)的河流和湖泊現(xiàn)在正受到這家工廠的污染。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語now可知,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。主語The river and lakes 與pollute之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)句意,故填are being polluted。
30.is being discussed
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:現(xiàn)在正討論什么呢?主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,結(jié)合后文now可知為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),謂語用單數(shù)。故填is being discussed。
31.a(chǎn)re being protected
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:據(jù)報(bào)道,這些鳥目前在該地區(qū)正受到保護(hù)。根據(jù)at present可知,本句強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),從句主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞these birds,且和從句謂語protect是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),謂語復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填are being protected。
32.be being repaired
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:這條路交通堵塞?;蛟S它正在被修嗎?主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,結(jié)合語境可知為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),can后跟動(dòng)詞原形。故填be being repaired。
33.is being served
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:我要下樓吃晚飯了?,F(xiàn)在餐廳里正在供應(yīng)。分析句子可知,提示詞serve(給……提供,端上食物)是句中謂語動(dòng)詞,與主語It (dinner)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,結(jié)合句意,描述現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事情,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。故填is being served。
34.was stirred
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:她被他悲傷的故事所打動(dòng)。主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,結(jié)合語境應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),謂語用單數(shù)。故填was stirred。
35.be removed
【詳解】考查語態(tài)。句意:參考書必須從閱覽室拿走。主語與remove構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且must后跟動(dòng)詞原形。故填be removed。
36.shared
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:一個(gè)普遍的觀念是一個(gè)被廣泛共享的觀念。share是that引導(dǎo)的定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞,that指代先行詞one,one指代上文提到的belief,故share與主語that(也就是belief)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故從句用被動(dòng)語態(tài),空前有is,故填shared。
37.has been arrested
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意:據(jù)報(bào)道,兇手已被逮捕。分析句子,設(shè)空處使用動(dòng)詞作謂語,此處表示的是動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響,即現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。arrest為動(dòng)詞,意為“逮捕”其與murderer之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài),主語為 the murderer,助動(dòng)詞用has。故填has been arrested。
38.hasn’t been finished
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:博物館到目前為止還沒有完工,所以仍在建設(shè)中。結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語so far,且主語The museum和謂語動(dòng)詞finish是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),否定形式,主語The museum單數(shù),謂語單數(shù)形式。故填hasn’t been finished。
39.have been built
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:這個(gè)城市建了多少個(gè)購物中心?分析句子可知,提示詞是句子謂語動(dòng)詞,與主語shopping centers之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系;結(jié)合句意,句中表示過去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響,應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,助動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式have。故填have been built。
40.has been reached
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:盡管之前有過會(huì)談,但到目前為止沒有達(dá)成任何協(xié)議。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語so far可知,用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。主語agreement為單數(shù)形式,與reach之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填has been reached。
41.has been polluted
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:河里的水被污染了,聞起來很難聞。根據(jù)句意,表示“河流已經(jīng)污染”,所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。主語The water為不可數(shù)名詞,且與pollute之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填has been polluted。
42.???? Have???? been cleaned
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:這些窗子動(dòng)清潔了嗎?根據(jù)句尾的問號(hào)可知,句子是一般疑問句,根據(jù)句意,用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),且主語windows與謂語動(dòng)詞clean是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用被動(dòng)語態(tài),主語windows是復(fù)數(shù),故填①Have②been cleaned。
43.has been used
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意:我家的自行車已經(jīng)用了30年了。分析句子,句中for 30 years表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生再過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,即應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。同時(shí)the bike與use之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填has been used。
44.have been built
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:自1976年以來,唐山建起了許多新建筑。分析句子,設(shè)空處使用動(dòng)詞作謂語。句中since 1976為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)間標(biāo)志,同時(shí)buildings與build之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填have been built。
45.was injured
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:在我第一次馬拉松比賽的前一個(gè)月,我的一個(gè)腳踝受傷了,這意味著我有兩周沒有跑步,只剩下兩周的訓(xùn)練時(shí)間。根據(jù)句中“A month before my first marathon”可知,句子陳述的是過去發(fā)生的事,“injure”意為“使受傷”,“one of my ankles”和“injure”為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故句子應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),“one of my ankles”與“was”連用,“injure”的過去分詞為“injured”,故空格處應(yīng)填“was injured”。故填was injured。
46.established
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)。句意:北京大學(xué)成立于1898年。結(jié)合句意及空前的was可知應(yīng)填過去分詞形式established,與was一起構(gòu)成謂語,表示被動(dòng)。故填established。
47.issued
【詳解】考查語態(tài)。句意:通過了所有的考試后,我獲得了駕駛執(zhí)照。設(shè)空在句中與was一起構(gòu)成謂語,主語I與issue之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式。故填issued。
48.a(chǎn)ppreciated
【詳解】考查語態(tài)。句意:這是很受歡迎的,因?yàn)樵趩踢w宴會(huì)上不會(huì)有很多食物。主語This與謂語appreciate為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填appreciated。
49.believed
【詳解】考查主語從句。句意:據(jù)信,這是中國發(fā)現(xiàn)的最早、最大的古代造紙作坊遺址。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),可知此句為主語從句,用it+be+done+that…結(jié)構(gòu),固定句型,it作形式主語,動(dòng)詞用被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式。故填believed。
50.is recognised
【詳解】考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意:林肯被公認(rèn)為美國最偉大的總統(tǒng)之一。分析句子可知,空格處是該句子的謂語部分,主語Lincoln和動(dòng)詞recognize是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以句子應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語態(tài);根據(jù)句意,該句子應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填is recognised
51.have been attracted
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:自上周以來,新開的書店吸引了許多學(xué)生。主語students與attract是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài);又句中時(shí)間狀語是since last week,故謂語用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài);主語students由a number of 修飾,故謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填have been attracted。
52.was focused
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:由于他的注意力都集中在書上,他就忽略了他的搭檔。根據(jù)主句謂語動(dòng)詞ignored可知從句與主句時(shí)態(tài)一致,用一般過去時(shí)。固定短語focus(sb’s)attention (on sth)意為“集中(某人的)注意力(于某事上)”,所以since引導(dǎo)的從句中主語his attention與focus 是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),attention為不可數(shù)名詞,作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),所以此空填was focused。
53.will be hosted
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:2022年冬奧會(huì)將由中國主辦。主語The 2022 Winter Olympic Games與host是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài);且此處指2022年要發(fā)生的事情,表將來的動(dòng)作,應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),故填will be hosted。
54.a(chǎn)re viewed
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:從谷底看,這些山真是一幅美妙的景色。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中,主語they與view是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài);根據(jù)句意可知主從句時(shí)態(tài)一致,主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故從句也是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句的主語為they,所以此空填are viewed。故填are viewed。
55.was recognised##was recognized
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)。句意:她的努力工作得到了公司的認(rèn)可,并得到了加薪的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知,此句為and連接的并列句,設(shè)空處在前一分句作謂語,句中主語Her hard work 與recognise是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,work意為“工作”時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);根據(jù)句意可知兩個(gè)分句時(shí)態(tài)一致,由后一分句已有的謂語was rewarded可知應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí),故填was recognised或者was recognized。
56.was rented
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:這所房子上周租給了一對(duì)老夫婦。分析句子可知,此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞作謂語,主語The house與rent是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且句中時(shí)間狀語是last week,故謂語用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填was rented。
57.have been delivered
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:到目前為止,已經(jīng)向受災(zāi)地區(qū)運(yùn)送了足夠的食物和飲用水。根據(jù)句意和句中“Up to now”可知,句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),“deliver”意為“遞送”,動(dòng)詞詞性,“food and water”和“deliver”為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成的被動(dòng)語態(tài),謂語動(dòng)詞為“has/have been done”,主語“food and water”是復(fù)數(shù)意義,“deliver”的過去分詞為“delivered”,故填have been delivered。
58.were trapped
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:門是鎖著的,他們被困在大樓里。本處是and連接的兩個(gè)并列句,空處在句中作謂語,且與and前面的句子中謂語時(shí)態(tài)保持一致,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí);主語they與trap是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài);由主語they可知其后面謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式;故填were trapped。
59.was affected
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意:昨晚受到洪水影響的那個(gè)城市現(xiàn)在需要供水。本句是定語從句,根據(jù)從句時(shí)間狀語last night可知從句謂語用一般過去時(shí),從句主語The city與affect是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài);由先行詞The city可知從句謂語用單數(shù)形式;故填was affected。
60.was rescued
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:她從著火的大樓里被救了出來,但她的腿受了傷。設(shè)空處在句中做謂語,與主語She之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài);結(jié)合后面的謂語動(dòng)詞was injured可知,此處表示過去發(fā)生的事,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),主語she是第三人稱單數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。故填was rescued。
61.had been destroyed
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:這個(gè)小孩和她的父母住在一個(gè)庇護(hù)所里,因?yàn)樗麄兊姆孔釉诤樗斜粴Я?。分析句子可知,句子為“because”引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句,根據(jù)句中“l(fā)ived”可知,主句為一般過去時(shí),從句中“destroy”的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“l(fā)ived”的動(dòng)作之前,應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí),且“house”和“destroy”為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),謂語動(dòng)詞為“had been done”,“destroy”意為“摧毀”,動(dòng)詞詞性,過去分詞為“destroyed”,故空格處應(yīng)填“had been destroyed”。故填had been destroyed。
62.???? has been tried???? by
【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)和短語。句意:到目前為止,每一種可能的方法都試過了,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)只有這種方法才有可能說服他。means“方式,手段” 是單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞,其前有every 修飾,謂語應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式;句中時(shí)間狀語是so far,故謂語用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);主語means與try是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),第一空填has been tried。第二空是固定短語by this means “用這種方式”。故填①has been tried②by。
63.is regarded
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:書法被視為一種藝術(shù)形式,我非常喜歡它??仗帒?yīng)填謂語動(dòng)詞的形式,主語Calligraphy與regard是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài),且“書法被看作是一種藝術(shù)形式”是客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),be regarded as (被視為),主語不可數(shù)名詞,謂語單數(shù)形式。故填is regarded。
64.was left
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)。句意:上周這個(gè)男孩一個(gè)人被留在這大屋子里。設(shè)空在句中做謂語,且主語The boy與leave alone“不打擾;不驚動(dòng);把……單獨(dú)留下”是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài);句中時(shí)間狀語是last week,故謂語用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填was left。
65.was designed
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)。句意:這所房子是為大家庭設(shè)計(jì)的。分析句子可知,空處缺謂語動(dòng)詞,主語The house與design是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài);主語是單數(shù)形式,故謂語用單數(shù);本句表述事情已發(fā)生,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故填was designed。
66.???? are???? is needed
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:盡管男孩和女孩的友誼建立在不同的基礎(chǔ)上,但他們認(rèn)為朋友的重要品質(zhì)是相同的。一個(gè)好朋友應(yīng)該在你需要他或她的時(shí)候就在你身邊,友誼意味著你在任何時(shí)候都不會(huì)孤單。第一空be在句中作謂語,主語為復(fù)數(shù)名詞qualities,敘述一般事實(shí),所以應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),復(fù)數(shù)形式are;第二空動(dòng)詞need在條件狀語從句中作謂語,根據(jù)句意,主語“he or she”指代前面主句主語a good friend,和謂語動(dòng)詞need是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,被需要的時(shí)候在場陪在身邊的才是好朋友,所以該空應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài),一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),單數(shù),所以應(yīng)填is needed。故填①are ②is needed。
67.a(chǎn)re forced
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:此外,英國的房子出奇的貴,所以很多年輕人在創(chuàng)業(yè)早期不得不和父母代在一起。分析句子可知,so many young people 與謂語force為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,并且此處描寫了現(xiàn)在的狀況,因此應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填are forced。
68.was inspired
【詳解】考查一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:14年前,客戶服務(wù)經(jīng)理安東尼·金特爾斯從他最喜歡的一本書《道德經(jīng)》中獲得靈感,用日常智慧點(diǎn)亮旅行者“空洞的臉”。在“it has been+一段時(shí)間+since”句式中,since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。根據(jù)“from his favorite book”可知,此處是指被激發(fā)了靈感,所以此處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主語manager為第三人稱單數(shù)。故填was inspired。
69.processed
【詳解】考查語態(tài)。句意:一旦報(bào)名表格收到并處理后,我們將于兩個(gè)工作日內(nèi)發(fā)送郵件確認(rèn)。分析句子,根據(jù)空格前面and可推斷,所填詞與and前面的received對(duì)等,此處構(gòu)成的be done結(jié)構(gòu),form與process之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)該使用過去分詞。故填processed。
70.be conducted
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)。句意:每學(xué)期將在宿舍進(jìn)行一次消防演習(xí)。conduct與主語是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài),由will可知,此處是一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填be conducted。
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