外研版 (2019)必修第一冊(cè)Unit 4 Friends forever一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件ppt-課件下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

Perid Fur　Grammar—Attributive clause(that，which，wh/whm，whse)
感知以下課文原句，完成方框下的小題
1.Nwadays，we can mve arund the wrld and still stay in tuch with the peple that we want t remain friends digital age als enables us t find peple wh share ur ur hbbies，the Internet can cnnect us with thers wh als enjy ding them， scial media sites，peple tend t pst nly psitive updates that make them appear happy and friendly.
以上句子均為定語(yǔ)從句。其中句1中的關(guān)系代詞that在從句中作，句2、3、4中的關(guān)系代詞在從句中作。
在復(fù)合句中起定語(yǔ)作用，修飾某一名詞、代詞或整個(gè)主句的從句叫作定語(yǔ)從句。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫作先行詞，連接先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞的主要作用是連接主句和從句，并在從句中充當(dāng)一定的句子成分。關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞兩種，關(guān)系代詞有that，which，wh，whm，whse等；關(guān)系副詞有when，where，why等。
一、關(guān)系代詞的用法1.wh指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。The number f peple wh were killed in the accident was ver 100.在那次事故中喪生的人數(shù)超過了100。He is the man wh I met yesterday.他就是我昨天遇見的那個(gè)人。2.whm指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，?？墒÷?。The by (whm) the teacher ften praises is their mnitr.老師經(jīng)常表?yè)P(yáng)的那個(gè)男孩是他們的班長(zhǎng)。注意：(1)關(guān)系代詞whm在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中?？捎脀h/that來代替。The by (wh/whm/that) we saw yesterday was Jhn’s brther.昨天我們看到的那個(gè)男孩是約翰的哥哥。
(2)在從句中作介詞的賓語(yǔ)且直接跟在介詞后時(shí)，用whm，不用wh。The man t whm yu spke just nw is a relative f mine.剛才和你說話的人是我的一個(gè)親戚。3.which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。The gld medal (which) she wn has been given t her ld schl.她獲得的那塊金牌已經(jīng)被送給她的母校了。4.that既可以指人，相當(dāng)于wh或whm；也可以指物，相當(dāng)于which。在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。The wman (that) I read abut in the newspaper has just wn a gld medal.我在報(bào)紙上讀過那位女士的相關(guān)報(bào)道，她剛剛贏得一枚金牌。The reprt (that) Mr Turner handed in was abut the mtr race.特納先生遞交的報(bào)告是關(guān)于汽車比賽的。
注意：(1)宜用that不宜用which的情況①當(dāng)先行詞是all，little，much，smething，anything，everything，nthing，sme等不定代詞時(shí)。All that can be dne has been dne.一切能做的都已經(jīng)做完了。②當(dāng)先行詞被all，every，sme，any，little，much，the nly，the very，the right，the last，just等修飾時(shí)。Music is the nly thing that interests me.音樂是唯一令我感興趣的東西。
③當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。This is the mst interesting stry that I have ever read.這是我曾經(jīng)讀過的最有趣的故事。④當(dāng)先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí)。She described in her cmpsitin the peple and places that impressed her mst.她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。⑤當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是以which開頭的特殊疑問句時(shí)。Which are the bks that yu bught fr me?哪些是你買給我的書？
(2)宜用which不宜用that的情況①關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)。The huse in which I used t live has becme a she shp.我過去住的房子現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)變成了一家鞋店。②在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。Have yu ever read the bk，which was written by a yung girl？你讀過這本由一個(gè)年輕女孩寫的書嗎？(3)宜用wh不宜用that的情況①當(dāng)先行詞是指人的不定代詞時(shí)，如：ne，nes，anyne。Anyne wh des that must be mad.誰那樣做都一定是瘋了。
②當(dāng)先行詞是I，yu，he，they等人稱代詞時(shí)(常用于諺語(yǔ)中)。He wh desn’t reach the Great Wall is nt a true man.不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢。③當(dāng)先行詞為指人的thse時(shí)。Thse wh have gd manners will be highly respected.那些有禮貌的人會(huì)受到人們的高度尊重。④在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中，先行詞指人時(shí)。There is a yung man wh wants t see yu.有一個(gè)年輕人想見你。
5.whse通常指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)。This is the persn whse stry surprised everybdy.就是這個(gè)人的故事讓所有人感到吃驚。The classrm whse dr is brken can hld 40 students.那間被弄壞了門的教室能容納40個(gè)學(xué)生。
二、使用定語(yǔ)從句的注意事項(xiàng)1.關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和先行詞的數(shù)保持一致。The suitcase that/which lies n the grund is hers.地上放的那個(gè)手提箱是她的。注意：“ne f＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作先行詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；“the nly ne f＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作先行詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。This is ne f the bks which were written by Charles Dickens.這是查爾斯·狄更斯所寫的書中的其中一本。He is the nly ne f the bys in ur class wh has learned French.他是我們班男生中唯一一個(gè)學(xué)過法語(yǔ)的。
2.為避免關(guān)系詞的重復(fù)，被關(guān)系代詞所代替的成分不可在從句中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。[譯]昨天晚上我們看的那部電影非常嚇人。[誤]The film (that/which) we saw it last night is very frightening.[正]The film (that/which) we saw last night is very frightening.3.關(guān)系代詞的省略。(1)關(guān)系代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)不能省略。(2)作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞可以省略。作介詞賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞，如果不直接位于介詞后，可省略；如果直接作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，不能省略。We visited the huse (that/which) Lu Xun nce lived in.＝We visited the huse in which Lu Xun nce lived.我們參觀了魯迅曾住過的房子。(3)關(guān)系代詞which在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中不能省略。
單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Nw Irene Astbury wrks frm 9am t 5pm daily at the pet shp in Macclesfield， she pened with her late husband Les.(2019·全國(guó)Ⅱ)2.They were well trained by their masters had great experience with caring fr these animals.(2019·全國(guó)Ⅲ)3.Kate， sister I shared a rm with when we were at cllege，has gne t wrk in Australia.(2018·天津)4.Like anything，it is pssible t have t much f bth， is nt gd fr the health.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅰ)
5.But Sarah， has taken part in shws alng with tp mdels，wants t prve that she has brains as well as beauty.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅲ)6.My eldest sn， wrk takes him all ver the wrld，is in New Yrk at the mment.(2017·天津)
1.We dn’t knw the number f peple lst their hmes in the want t g t the English party must be at the schl gate by 7∶30 first museum he visited in China was the Histry film yu are lking frward t seeing will be n tmrrw.5.I knw the persn huse was destryed in the is the tallest building Daming has seen ever since he came father bught a new bike fr me price added up t mre than 1,000 yuan.

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